aboutsummaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/test/functional/test_framework/test_node.py
blob: a618706a770adf729588fd904e741b9d1e4a7f98 (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# Copyright (c) 2017-2020 The Bitcoin Core developers
# Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
# file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
"""Class for bitcoind node under test"""

import contextlib
import decimal
import errno
from enum import Enum
import http.client
import json
import logging
import os
import re
import subprocess
import tempfile
import time
import urllib.parse
import collections
import shlex
import sys

from .authproxy import JSONRPCException
from .descriptors import descsum_create
from .messages import MY_SUBVERSION
from .util import (
    MAX_NODES,
    append_config,
    delete_cookie_file,
    get_auth_cookie,
    get_rpc_proxy,
    rpc_url,
    wait_until_helper,
    p2p_port,
    EncodeDecimal,
)

BITCOIND_PROC_WAIT_TIMEOUT = 60


class FailedToStartError(Exception):
    """Raised when a node fails to start correctly."""


class ErrorMatch(Enum):
    FULL_TEXT = 1
    FULL_REGEX = 2
    PARTIAL_REGEX = 3


class TestNode():
    """A class for representing a bitcoind node under test.

    This class contains:

    - state about the node (whether it's running, etc)
    - a Python subprocess.Popen object representing the running process
    - an RPC connection to the node
    - one or more P2P connections to the node


    To make things easier for the test writer, any unrecognised messages will
    be dispatched to the RPC connection."""

    def __init__(self, i, datadir, *, chain, rpchost, timewait, timeout_factor, bitcoind, bitcoin_cli, coverage_dir, cwd, extra_conf=None, extra_args=None, use_cli=False, start_perf=False, use_valgrind=False, version=None, descriptors=False):
        """
        Kwargs:
            start_perf (bool): If True, begin profiling the node with `perf` as soon as
                the node starts.
        """

        self.index = i
        self.datadir = datadir
        self.bitcoinconf = os.path.join(self.datadir, "bitcoin.conf")
        self.stdout_dir = os.path.join(self.datadir, "stdout")
        self.stderr_dir = os.path.join(self.datadir, "stderr")
        self.chain = chain
        self.rpchost = rpchost
        self.rpc_timeout = timewait
        self.binary = bitcoind
        self.coverage_dir = coverage_dir
        self.cwd = cwd
        self.descriptors = descriptors
        if extra_conf is not None:
            append_config(datadir, extra_conf)
        # Most callers will just need to add extra args to the standard list below.
        # For those callers that need more flexibility, they can just set the args property directly.
        # Note that common args are set in the config file (see initialize_datadir)
        self.extra_args = extra_args
        self.version = version
        # Configuration for logging is set as command-line args rather than in the bitcoin.conf file.
        # This means that starting a bitcoind using the temp dir to debug a failed test won't
        # spam debug.log.
        self.args = [
            self.binary,
            "-datadir=" + self.datadir,
            "-logtimemicros",
            "-debug",
            "-debugexclude=libevent",
            "-debugexclude=leveldb",
            "-uacomment=testnode%d" % i,
        ]
        if use_valgrind:
            default_suppressions_file = os.path.join(
                os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)),
                "..", "..", "..", "contrib", "valgrind.supp")
            suppressions_file = os.getenv("VALGRIND_SUPPRESSIONS_FILE",
                                          default_suppressions_file)
            self.args = ["valgrind", "--suppressions={}".format(suppressions_file),
                         "--gen-suppressions=all", "--exit-on-first-error=yes",
                         "--error-exitcode=1", "--quiet"] + self.args

        if self.version_is_at_least(190000):
            self.args.append("-logthreadnames")

        self.cli = TestNodeCLI(bitcoin_cli, self.datadir)
        self.use_cli = use_cli
        self.start_perf = start_perf

        self.running = False
        self.process = None
        self.rpc_connected = False
        self.rpc = None
        self.url = None
        self.log = logging.getLogger('TestFramework.node%d' % i)
        self.cleanup_on_exit = True # Whether to kill the node when this object goes away
        # Cache perf subprocesses here by their data output filename.
        self.perf_subprocesses = {}

        self.p2ps = []
        self.timeout_factor = timeout_factor

    AddressKeyPair = collections.namedtuple('AddressKeyPair', ['address', 'key'])
    PRIV_KEYS = [
            # address , privkey
            AddressKeyPair('mjTkW3DjgyZck4KbiRusZsqTgaYTxdSz6z', 'cVpF924EspNh8KjYsfhgY96mmxvT6DgdWiTYMtMjuM74hJaU5psW'),
            AddressKeyPair('msX6jQXvxiNhx3Q62PKeLPrhrqZQdSimTg', 'cUxsWyKyZ9MAQTaAhUQWJmBbSvHMwSmuv59KgxQV7oZQU3PXN3KE'),
            AddressKeyPair('mnonCMyH9TmAsSj3M59DsbH8H63U3RKoFP', 'cTrh7dkEAeJd6b3MRX9bZK8eRmNqVCMH3LSUkE3dSFDyzjU38QxK'),
            AddressKeyPair('mqJupas8Dt2uestQDvV2NH3RU8uZh2dqQR', 'cVuKKa7gbehEQvVq717hYcbE9Dqmq7KEBKqWgWrYBa2CKKrhtRim'),
            AddressKeyPair('msYac7Rvd5ywm6pEmkjyxhbCDKqWsVeYws', 'cQDCBuKcjanpXDpCqacNSjYfxeQj8G6CAtH1Dsk3cXyqLNC4RPuh'),
            AddressKeyPair('n2rnuUnwLgXqf9kk2kjvVm8R5BZK1yxQBi', 'cQakmfPSLSqKHyMFGwAqKHgWUiofJCagVGhiB4KCainaeCSxeyYq'),
            AddressKeyPair('myzuPxRwsf3vvGzEuzPfK9Nf2RfwauwYe6', 'cQMpDLJwA8DBe9NcQbdoSb1BhmFxVjWD5gRyrLZCtpuF9Zi3a9RK'),
            AddressKeyPair('mumwTaMtbxEPUswmLBBN3vM9oGRtGBrys8', 'cSXmRKXVcoouhNNVpcNKFfxsTsToY5pvB9DVsFksF1ENunTzRKsy'),
            AddressKeyPair('mpV7aGShMkJCZgbW7F6iZgrvuPHjZjH9qg', 'cSoXt6tm3pqy43UMabY6eUTmR3eSUYFtB2iNQDGgb3VUnRsQys2k'),
            AddressKeyPair('mq4fBNdckGtvY2mijd9am7DRsbRB4KjUkf', 'cN55daf1HotwBAgAKWVgDcoppmUNDtQSfb7XLutTLeAgVc3u8hik'),
            AddressKeyPair('mpFAHDjX7KregM3rVotdXzQmkbwtbQEnZ6', 'cT7qK7g1wkYEMvKowd2ZrX1E5f6JQ7TM246UfqbCiyF7kZhorpX3'),
            AddressKeyPair('mzRe8QZMfGi58KyWCse2exxEFry2sfF2Y7', 'cPiRWE8KMjTRxH1MWkPerhfoHFn5iHPWVK5aPqjW8NxmdwenFinJ'),
    ]

    def get_deterministic_priv_key(self):
        """Return a deterministic priv key in base58, that only depends on the node's index"""
        assert len(self.PRIV_KEYS) == MAX_NODES
        return self.PRIV_KEYS[self.index]

    def _node_msg(self, msg: str) -> str:
        """Return a modified msg that identifies this node by its index as a debugging aid."""
        return "[node %d] %s" % (self.index, msg)

    def _raise_assertion_error(self, msg: str):
        """Raise an AssertionError with msg modified to identify this node."""
        raise AssertionError(self._node_msg(msg))

    def __del__(self):
        # Ensure that we don't leave any bitcoind processes lying around after
        # the test ends
        if self.process and self.cleanup_on_exit:
            # Should only happen on test failure
            # Avoid using logger, as that may have already been shutdown when
            # this destructor is called.
            print(self._node_msg("Cleaning up leftover process"))
            self.process.kill()

    def __getattr__(self, name):
        """Dispatches any unrecognised messages to the RPC connection or a CLI instance."""
        if self.use_cli:
            return getattr(RPCOverloadWrapper(self.cli, True, self.descriptors), name)
        else:
            assert self.rpc_connected and self.rpc is not None, self._node_msg("Error: no RPC connection")
            return getattr(RPCOverloadWrapper(self.rpc, descriptors=self.descriptors), name)

    def start(self, extra_args=None, *, cwd=None, stdout=None, stderr=None, **kwargs):
        """Start the node."""
        if extra_args is None:
            extra_args = self.extra_args

        # Add a new stdout and stderr file each time bitcoind is started
        if stderr is None:
            stderr = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(dir=self.stderr_dir, delete=False)
        if stdout is None:
            stdout = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(dir=self.stdout_dir, delete=False)
        self.stderr = stderr
        self.stdout = stdout

        if cwd is None:
            cwd = self.cwd

        # Delete any existing cookie file -- if such a file exists (eg due to
        # unclean shutdown), it will get overwritten anyway by bitcoind, and
        # potentially interfere with our attempt to authenticate
        delete_cookie_file(self.datadir, self.chain)

        # add environment variable LIBC_FATAL_STDERR_=1 so that libc errors are written to stderr and not the terminal
        subp_env = dict(os.environ, LIBC_FATAL_STDERR_="1")

        self.process = subprocess.Popen(self.args + extra_args, env=subp_env, stdout=stdout, stderr=stderr, cwd=cwd, **kwargs)

        self.running = True
        self.log.debug("bitcoind started, waiting for RPC to come up")

        if self.start_perf:
            self._start_perf()

    def wait_for_rpc_connection(self):
        """Sets up an RPC connection to the bitcoind process. Returns False if unable to connect."""
        # Poll at a rate of four times per second
        poll_per_s = 4
        for _ in range(poll_per_s * self.rpc_timeout):
            if self.process.poll() is not None:
                raise FailedToStartError(self._node_msg(
                    'bitcoind exited with status {} during initialization'.format(self.process.returncode)))
            try:
                rpc = get_rpc_proxy(
                    rpc_url(self.datadir, self.index, self.chain, self.rpchost),
                    self.index,
                    timeout=self.rpc_timeout // 2,  # Shorter timeout to allow for one retry in case of ETIMEDOUT
                    coveragedir=self.coverage_dir,
                )
                rpc.getblockcount()
                # If the call to getblockcount() succeeds then the RPC connection is up
                if self.version_is_at_least(190000):
                    # getmempoolinfo.loaded is available since commit
                    # bb8ae2c (version 0.19.0)
                    wait_until_helper(lambda: rpc.getmempoolinfo()['loaded'], timeout_factor=self.timeout_factor)
                    # Wait for the node to finish reindex, block import, and
                    # loading the mempool. Usually importing happens fast or
                    # even "immediate" when the node is started. However, there
                    # is no guarantee and sometimes ThreadImport might finish
                    # later. This is going to cause intermittent test failures,
                    # because generally the tests assume the node is fully
                    # ready after being started.
                    #
                    # For example, the node will reject block messages from p2p
                    # when it is still importing with the error "Unexpected
                    # block message received"
                    #
                    # The wait is done here to make tests as robust as possible
                    # and prevent racy tests and intermittent failures as much
                    # as possible. Some tests might not need this, but the
                    # overhead is trivial, and the added guarantees are worth
                    # the minimal performance cost.
                self.log.debug("RPC successfully started")
                if self.use_cli:
                    return
                self.rpc = rpc
                self.rpc_connected = True
                self.url = self.rpc.url
                return
            except JSONRPCException as e:  # Initialization phase
                # -28 RPC in warmup
                # -342 Service unavailable, RPC server started but is shutting down due to error
                if e.error['code'] != -28 and e.error['code'] != -342:
                    raise  # unknown JSON RPC exception
            except ConnectionResetError:
                # This might happen when the RPC server is in warmup, but shut down before the call to getblockcount
                # succeeds. Try again to properly raise the FailedToStartError
                pass
            except OSError as e:
                if e.errno == errno.ETIMEDOUT:
                    pass  # Treat identical to ConnectionResetError
                elif e.errno == errno.ECONNREFUSED:
                    pass  # Port not yet open?
                else:
                    raise  # unknown OS error
            except ValueError as e:  # cookie file not found and no rpcuser or rpcpassword; bitcoind is still starting
                if "No RPC credentials" not in str(e):
                    raise
            time.sleep(1.0 / poll_per_s)
        self._raise_assertion_error("Unable to connect to bitcoind after {}s".format(self.rpc_timeout))

    def wait_for_cookie_credentials(self):
        """Ensures auth cookie credentials can be read, e.g. for testing CLI with -rpcwait before RPC connection is up."""
        self.log.debug("Waiting for cookie credentials")
        # Poll at a rate of four times per second.
        poll_per_s = 4
        for _ in range(poll_per_s * self.rpc_timeout):
            try:
                get_auth_cookie(self.datadir, self.chain)
                self.log.debug("Cookie credentials successfully retrieved")
                return
            except ValueError:  # cookie file not found and no rpcuser or rpcpassword; bitcoind is still starting
                pass            # so we continue polling until RPC credentials are retrieved
            time.sleep(1.0 / poll_per_s)
        self._raise_assertion_error("Unable to retrieve cookie credentials after {}s".format(self.rpc_timeout))

    def generate(self, nblocks, maxtries=1000000):
        self.log.debug("TestNode.generate() dispatches `generate` call to `generatetoaddress`")
        return self.generatetoaddress(nblocks=nblocks, address=self.get_deterministic_priv_key().address, maxtries=maxtries)

    def get_wallet_rpc(self, wallet_name):
        if self.use_cli:
            return RPCOverloadWrapper(self.cli("-rpcwallet={}".format(wallet_name)), True, self.descriptors)
        else:
            assert self.rpc_connected and self.rpc, self._node_msg("RPC not connected")
            wallet_path = "wallet/{}".format(urllib.parse.quote(wallet_name))
            return RPCOverloadWrapper(self.rpc / wallet_path, descriptors=self.descriptors)

    def version_is_at_least(self, ver):
        return self.version is None or self.version >= ver

    def stop_node(self, expected_stderr='', wait=0):
        """Stop the node."""
        if not self.running:
            return
        self.log.debug("Stopping node")
        try:
            # Do not use wait argument when testing older nodes, e.g. in feature_backwards_compatibility.py
            if self.version_is_at_least(180000):
                self.stop(wait=wait)
            else:
                self.stop()
        except http.client.CannotSendRequest:
            self.log.exception("Unable to stop node.")

        # If there are any running perf processes, stop them.
        for profile_name in tuple(self.perf_subprocesses.keys()):
            self._stop_perf(profile_name)

        # Check that stderr is as expected
        self.stderr.seek(0)
        stderr = self.stderr.read().decode('utf-8').strip()
        if stderr != expected_stderr:
            raise AssertionError("Unexpected stderr {} != {}".format(stderr, expected_stderr))

        self.stdout.close()
        self.stderr.close()

        del self.p2ps[:]

    def is_node_stopped(self):
        """Checks whether the node has stopped.

        Returns True if the node has stopped. False otherwise.
        This method is responsible for freeing resources (self.process)."""
        if not self.running:
            return True
        return_code = self.process.poll()
        if return_code is None:
            return False

        # process has stopped. Assert that it didn't return an error code.
        assert return_code == 0, self._node_msg(
            "Node returned non-zero exit code (%d) when stopping" % return_code)
        self.running = False
        self.process = None
        self.rpc_connected = False
        self.rpc = None
        self.log.debug("Node stopped")
        return True

    def wait_until_stopped(self, timeout=BITCOIND_PROC_WAIT_TIMEOUT):
        wait_until_helper(self.is_node_stopped, timeout=timeout, timeout_factor=self.timeout_factor)

    @contextlib.contextmanager
    def assert_debug_log(self, expected_msgs, unexpected_msgs=None, timeout=2):
        if unexpected_msgs is None:
            unexpected_msgs = []
        time_end = time.time() + timeout * self.timeout_factor
        debug_log = os.path.join(self.datadir, self.chain, 'debug.log')
        with open(debug_log, encoding='utf-8') as dl:
            dl.seek(0, 2)
            prev_size = dl.tell()

        yield

        while True:
            found = True
            with open(debug_log, encoding='utf-8') as dl:
                dl.seek(prev_size)
                log = dl.read()
            print_log = " - " + "\n - ".join(log.splitlines())
            for unexpected_msg in unexpected_msgs:
                if re.search(re.escape(unexpected_msg), log, flags=re.MULTILINE):
                    self._raise_assertion_error('Unexpected message "{}" partially matches log:\n\n{}\n\n'.format(unexpected_msg, print_log))
            for expected_msg in expected_msgs:
                if re.search(re.escape(expected_msg), log, flags=re.MULTILINE) is None:
                    found = False
            if found:
                return
            if time.time() >= time_end:
                break
            time.sleep(0.05)
        self._raise_assertion_error('Expected messages "{}" does not partially match log:\n\n{}\n\n'.format(str(expected_msgs), print_log))

    @contextlib.contextmanager
    def profile_with_perf(self, profile_name):
        """
        Context manager that allows easy profiling of node activity using `perf`.

        See `test/functional/README.md` for details on perf usage.

        Args:
            profile_name (str): This string will be appended to the
                profile data filename generated by perf.
        """
        subp = self._start_perf(profile_name)

        yield

        if subp:
            self._stop_perf(profile_name)

    def _start_perf(self, profile_name=None):
        """Start a perf process to profile this node.

        Returns the subprocess running perf."""
        subp = None

        def test_success(cmd):
            return subprocess.call(
                # shell=True required for pipe use below
                cmd, shell=True,
                stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL, stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL) == 0

        if not sys.platform.startswith('linux'):
            self.log.warning("Can't profile with perf; only available on Linux platforms")
            return None

        if not test_success('which perf'):
            self.log.warning("Can't profile with perf; must install perf-tools")
            return None

        if not test_success('readelf -S {} | grep .debug_str'.format(shlex.quote(self.binary))):
            self.log.warning(
                "perf output won't be very useful without debug symbols compiled into bitcoind")

        output_path = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(
            dir=self.datadir,
            prefix="{}.perf.data.".format(profile_name or 'test'),
            delete=False,
        ).name

        cmd = [
            'perf', 'record',
            '-g',                     # Record the callgraph.
            '--call-graph', 'dwarf',  # Compatibility for gcc's --fomit-frame-pointer.
            '-F', '101',              # Sampling frequency in Hz.
            '-p', str(self.process.pid),
            '-o', output_path,
        ]
        subp = subprocess.Popen(cmd, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
        self.perf_subprocesses[profile_name] = subp

        return subp

    def _stop_perf(self, profile_name):
        """Stop (and pop) a perf subprocess."""
        subp = self.perf_subprocesses.pop(profile_name)
        output_path = subp.args[subp.args.index('-o') + 1]

        subp.terminate()
        subp.wait(timeout=10)

        stderr = subp.stderr.read().decode()
        if 'Consider tweaking /proc/sys/kernel/perf_event_paranoid' in stderr:
            self.log.warning(
                "perf couldn't collect data! Try "
                "'sudo sysctl -w kernel.perf_event_paranoid=-1'")
        else:
            report_cmd = "perf report -i {}".format(output_path)
            self.log.info("See perf output by running '{}'".format(report_cmd))

    def assert_start_raises_init_error(self, extra_args=None, expected_msg=None, match=ErrorMatch.FULL_TEXT, *args, **kwargs):
        """Attempt to start the node and expect it to raise an error.

        extra_args: extra arguments to pass through to bitcoind
        expected_msg: regex that stderr should match when bitcoind fails

        Will throw if bitcoind starts without an error.
        Will throw if an expected_msg is provided and it does not match bitcoind's stdout."""
        with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(dir=self.stderr_dir, delete=False) as log_stderr, \
             tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(dir=self.stdout_dir, delete=False) as log_stdout:
            try:
                self.start(extra_args, stdout=log_stdout, stderr=log_stderr, *args, **kwargs)
                ret = self.process.wait(timeout=self.rpc_timeout)
                self.log.debug(self._node_msg(f'bitcoind exited with status {ret} during initialization'))
                self.running = False
                self.process = None
                # Check stderr for expected message
                if expected_msg is not None:
                    log_stderr.seek(0)
                    stderr = log_stderr.read().decode('utf-8').strip()
                    if match == ErrorMatch.PARTIAL_REGEX:
                        if re.search(expected_msg, stderr, flags=re.MULTILINE) is None:
                            self._raise_assertion_error(
                                'Expected message "{}" does not partially match stderr:\n"{}"'.format(expected_msg, stderr))
                    elif match == ErrorMatch.FULL_REGEX:
                        if re.fullmatch(expected_msg, stderr) is None:
                            self._raise_assertion_error(
                                'Expected message "{}" does not fully match stderr:\n"{}"'.format(expected_msg, stderr))
                    elif match == ErrorMatch.FULL_TEXT:
                        if expected_msg != stderr:
                            self._raise_assertion_error(
                                'Expected message "{}" does not fully match stderr:\n"{}"'.format(expected_msg, stderr))
            except subprocess.TimeoutExpired:
                self.process.kill()
                self.running = False
                self.process = None
                assert_msg = f'bitcoind should have exited within {self.rpc_timeout}s '
                if expected_msg is None:
                    assert_msg += "with an error"
                else:
                    assert_msg += "with expected error " + expected_msg
                self._raise_assertion_error(assert_msg)

    def add_p2p_connection(self, p2p_conn, *, wait_for_verack=True, **kwargs):
        """Add a p2p connection to the node.

        This method adds the p2p connection to the self.p2ps list and also
        returns the connection to the caller."""
        if 'dstport' not in kwargs:
            kwargs['dstport'] = p2p_port(self.index)
        if 'dstaddr' not in kwargs:
            kwargs['dstaddr'] = '127.0.0.1'

        p2p_conn.peer_connect(**kwargs, net=self.chain, timeout_factor=self.timeout_factor)()
        self.p2ps.append(p2p_conn)
        p2p_conn.wait_until(lambda: p2p_conn.is_connected, check_connected=False)
        if wait_for_verack:
            # Wait for the node to send us the version and verack
            p2p_conn.wait_for_verack()
            # At this point we have sent our version message and received the version and verack, however the full node
            # has not yet received the verack from us (in reply to their version). So, the connection is not yet fully
            # established (fSuccessfullyConnected).
            #
            # This shouldn't lead to any issues when sending messages, since the verack will be in-flight before the
            # message we send. However, it might lead to races where we are expecting to receive a message. E.g. a
            # transaction that will be added to the mempool as soon as we return here.
            #
            # So syncing here is redundant when we only want to send a message, but the cost is low (a few milliseconds)
            # in comparison to the upside of making tests less fragile and unexpected intermittent errors less likely.
            p2p_conn.sync_with_ping()

        return p2p_conn

    def num_test_p2p_connections(self):
        """Return number of test framework p2p connections to the node."""
        return len([peer for peer in self.getpeerinfo() if peer['subver'] == MY_SUBVERSION.decode("utf-8")])

    def disconnect_p2ps(self):
        """Close all p2p connections to the node."""
        for p in self.p2ps:
            p.peer_disconnect()
        del self.p2ps[:]
        wait_until_helper(lambda: self.num_test_p2p_connections() == 0, timeout_factor=self.timeout_factor)


class TestNodeCLIAttr:
    def __init__(self, cli, command):
        self.cli = cli
        self.command = command

    def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        return self.cli.send_cli(self.command, *args, **kwargs)

    def get_request(self, *args, **kwargs):
        return lambda: self(*args, **kwargs)


def arg_to_cli(arg):
    if isinstance(arg, bool):
        return str(arg).lower()
    elif arg is None:
        return 'null'
    elif isinstance(arg, dict) or isinstance(arg, list):
        return json.dumps(arg, default=EncodeDecimal)
    else:
        return str(arg)


class TestNodeCLI():
    """Interface to bitcoin-cli for an individual node"""
    def __init__(self, binary, datadir):
        self.options = []
        self.binary = binary
        self.datadir = datadir
        self.input = None
        self.log = logging.getLogger('TestFramework.bitcoincli')

    def __call__(self, *options, input=None):
        # TestNodeCLI is callable with bitcoin-cli command-line options
        cli = TestNodeCLI(self.binary, self.datadir)
        cli.options = [str(o) for o in options]
        cli.input = input
        return cli

    def __getattr__(self, command):
        return TestNodeCLIAttr(self, command)

    def batch(self, requests):
        results = []
        for request in requests:
            try:
                results.append(dict(result=request()))
            except JSONRPCException as e:
                results.append(dict(error=e))
        return results

    def send_cli(self, command=None, *args, **kwargs):
        """Run bitcoin-cli command. Deserializes returned string as python object."""
        pos_args = [arg_to_cli(arg) for arg in args]
        named_args = [str(key) + "=" + arg_to_cli(value) for (key, value) in kwargs.items()]
        assert not (pos_args and named_args), "Cannot use positional arguments and named arguments in the same bitcoin-cli call"
        p_args = [self.binary, "-datadir=" + self.datadir] + self.options
        if named_args:
            p_args += ["-named"]
        if command is not None:
            p_args += [command]
        p_args += pos_args + named_args
        self.log.debug("Running bitcoin-cli {}".format(p_args[2:]))
        process = subprocess.Popen(p_args, stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, universal_newlines=True)
        cli_stdout, cli_stderr = process.communicate(input=self.input)
        returncode = process.poll()
        if returncode:
            match = re.match(r'error code: ([-0-9]+)\nerror message:\n(.*)', cli_stderr)
            if match:
                code, message = match.groups()
                raise JSONRPCException(dict(code=int(code), message=message))
            # Ignore cli_stdout, raise with cli_stderr
            raise subprocess.CalledProcessError(returncode, self.binary, output=cli_stderr)
        try:
            return json.loads(cli_stdout, parse_float=decimal.Decimal)
        except (json.JSONDecodeError, decimal.InvalidOperation):
            return cli_stdout.rstrip("\n")

class RPCOverloadWrapper():
    def __init__(self, rpc, cli=False, descriptors=False):
        self.rpc = rpc
        self.is_cli = cli
        self.descriptors = descriptors

    def __getattr__(self, name):
        return getattr(self.rpc, name)

    def createwallet(self, wallet_name, disable_private_keys=None, blank=None, passphrase='', avoid_reuse=None, descriptors=None, load_on_startup=None):
        if descriptors is None:
            descriptors = self.descriptors
        return self.__getattr__('createwallet')(wallet_name, disable_private_keys, blank, passphrase, avoid_reuse, descriptors, load_on_startup)

    def importprivkey(self, privkey, label=None, rescan=None):
        wallet_info = self.getwalletinfo()
        if 'descriptors' not in wallet_info or ('descriptors' in wallet_info and not wallet_info['descriptors']):
            return self.__getattr__('importprivkey')(privkey, label, rescan)
        desc = descsum_create('combo(' + privkey + ')')
        req = [{
            'desc': desc,
            'timestamp': 0 if rescan else 'now',
            'label': label if label else ''
        }]
        import_res = self.importdescriptors(req)
        if not import_res[0]['success']:
            raise JSONRPCException(import_res[0]['error'])

    def addmultisigaddress(self, nrequired, keys, label=None, address_type=None):
        wallet_info = self.getwalletinfo()
        if 'descriptors' not in wallet_info or ('descriptors' in wallet_info and not wallet_info['descriptors']):
            return self.__getattr__('addmultisigaddress')(nrequired, keys, label, address_type)
        cms = self.createmultisig(nrequired, keys, address_type)
        req = [{
            'desc': cms['descriptor'],
            'timestamp': 0,
            'label': label if label else ''
        }]
        import_res = self.importdescriptors(req)
        if not import_res[0]['success']:
            raise JSONRPCException(import_res[0]['error'])
        return cms

    def importpubkey(self, pubkey, label=None, rescan=None):
        wallet_info = self.getwalletinfo()
        if 'descriptors' not in wallet_info or ('descriptors' in wallet_info and not wallet_info['descriptors']):
            return self.__getattr__('importpubkey')(pubkey, label, rescan)
        desc = descsum_create('combo(' + pubkey + ')')
        req = [{
            'desc': desc,
            'timestamp': 0 if rescan else 'now',
            'label': label if label else ''
        }]
        import_res = self.importdescriptors(req)
        if not import_res[0]['success']:
            raise JSONRPCException(import_res[0]['error'])

    def importaddress(self, address, label=None, rescan=None, p2sh=None):
        wallet_info = self.getwalletinfo()
        if 'descriptors' not in wallet_info or ('descriptors' in wallet_info and not wallet_info['descriptors']):
            return self.__getattr__('importaddress')(address, label, rescan, p2sh)
        is_hex = False
        try:
            int(address ,16)
            is_hex = True
            desc = descsum_create('raw(' + address + ')')
        except:
            desc = descsum_create('addr(' + address + ')')
        reqs = [{
            'desc': desc,
            'timestamp': 0 if rescan else 'now',
            'label': label if label else ''
        }]
        if is_hex and p2sh:
            reqs.append({
                'desc': descsum_create('p2sh(raw(' + address + '))'),
                'timestamp': 0 if rescan else 'now',
                'label': label if label else ''
            })
        import_res = self.importdescriptors(reqs)
        for res in import_res:
            if not res['success']:
                raise JSONRPCException(res['error'])