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// Copyright (c) 2020-2022 The Bitcoin Core developers
// Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
// file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
#include <chainparams.h>
#include <coins.h>
#include <common/args.h>
#include <crypto/muhash.h>
#include <index/coinstatsindex.h>
#include <kernel/coinstats.h>
#include <logging.h>
#include <node/blockstorage.h>
#include <serialize.h>
#include <txdb.h>
#include <undo.h>
#include <validation.h>
using kernel::CCoinsStats;
using kernel::GetBogoSize;
using kernel::TxOutSer;
static constexpr uint8_t DB_BLOCK_HASH{'s'};
static constexpr uint8_t DB_BLOCK_HEIGHT{'t'};
static constexpr uint8_t DB_MUHASH{'M'};
namespace {
struct DBVal {
uint256 muhash;
uint64_t transaction_output_count;
uint64_t bogo_size;
CAmount total_amount;
CAmount total_subsidy;
CAmount total_unspendable_amount;
CAmount total_prevout_spent_amount;
CAmount total_new_outputs_ex_coinbase_amount;
CAmount total_coinbase_amount;
CAmount total_unspendables_genesis_block;
CAmount total_unspendables_bip30;
CAmount total_unspendables_scripts;
CAmount total_unspendables_unclaimed_rewards;
SERIALIZE_METHODS(DBVal, obj)
{
READWRITE(obj.muhash);
READWRITE(obj.transaction_output_count);
READWRITE(obj.bogo_size);
READWRITE(obj.total_amount);
READWRITE(obj.total_subsidy);
READWRITE(obj.total_unspendable_amount);
READWRITE(obj.total_prevout_spent_amount);
READWRITE(obj.total_new_outputs_ex_coinbase_amount);
READWRITE(obj.total_coinbase_amount);
READWRITE(obj.total_unspendables_genesis_block);
READWRITE(obj.total_unspendables_bip30);
READWRITE(obj.total_unspendables_scripts);
READWRITE(obj.total_unspendables_unclaimed_rewards);
}
};
struct DBHeightKey {
int height;
explicit DBHeightKey(int height_in) : height(height_in) {}
template <typename Stream>
void Serialize(Stream& s) const
{
ser_writedata8(s, DB_BLOCK_HEIGHT);
ser_writedata32be(s, height);
}
template <typename Stream>
void Unserialize(Stream& s)
{
const uint8_t prefix{ser_readdata8(s)};
if (prefix != DB_BLOCK_HEIGHT) {
throw std::ios_base::failure("Invalid format for coinstatsindex DB height key");
}
height = ser_readdata32be(s);
}
};
struct DBHashKey {
uint256 block_hash;
explicit DBHashKey(const uint256& hash_in) : block_hash(hash_in) {}
SERIALIZE_METHODS(DBHashKey, obj)
{
uint8_t prefix{DB_BLOCK_HASH};
READWRITE(prefix);
if (prefix != DB_BLOCK_HASH) {
throw std::ios_base::failure("Invalid format for coinstatsindex DB hash key");
}
READWRITE(obj.block_hash);
}
};
}; // namespace
std::unique_ptr<CoinStatsIndex> g_coin_stats_index;
CoinStatsIndex::CoinStatsIndex(std::unique_ptr<interfaces::Chain> chain, size_t n_cache_size, bool f_memory, bool f_wipe)
: BaseIndex(std::move(chain), "coinstatsindex")
{
fs::path path{gArgs.GetDataDirNet() / "indexes" / "coinstats"};
fs::create_directories(path);
m_db = std::make_unique<CoinStatsIndex::DB>(path / "db", n_cache_size, f_memory, f_wipe);
}
bool CoinStatsIndex::CustomAppend(const interfaces::BlockInfo& block)
{
CBlockUndo block_undo;
const CAmount block_subsidy{GetBlockSubsidy(block.height, Params().GetConsensus())};
m_total_subsidy += block_subsidy;
// Ignore genesis block
if (block.height > 0) {
// pindex variable gives indexing code access to node internals. It
// will be removed in upcoming commit
const CBlockIndex* pindex = WITH_LOCK(cs_main, return m_chainstate->m_blockman.LookupBlockIndex(block.hash));
if (!m_chainstate->m_blockman.UndoReadFromDisk(block_undo, *pindex)) {
return false;
}
std::pair<uint256, DBVal> read_out;
if (!m_db->Read(DBHeightKey(block.height - 1), read_out)) {
return false;
}
uint256 expected_block_hash{*Assert(block.prev_hash)};
if (read_out.first != expected_block_hash) {
LogPrintf("WARNING: previous block header belongs to unexpected block %s; expected %s\n",
read_out.first.ToString(), expected_block_hash.ToString());
if (!m_db->Read(DBHashKey(expected_block_hash), read_out)) {
return error("%s: previous block header not found; expected %s",
__func__, expected_block_hash.ToString());
}
}
// Add the new utxos created from the block
assert(block.data);
for (size_t i = 0; i < block.data->vtx.size(); ++i) {
const auto& tx{block.data->vtx.at(i)};
// Skip duplicate txid coinbase transactions (BIP30).
if (IsBIP30Unspendable(*pindex) && tx->IsCoinBase()) {
m_total_unspendable_amount += block_subsidy;
m_total_unspendables_bip30 += block_subsidy;
continue;
}
for (uint32_t j = 0; j < tx->vout.size(); ++j) {
const CTxOut& out{tx->vout[j]};
Coin coin{out, block.height, tx->IsCoinBase()};
COutPoint outpoint{tx->GetHash(), j};
// Skip unspendable coins
if (coin.out.scriptPubKey.IsUnspendable()) {
m_total_unspendable_amount += coin.out.nValue;
m_total_unspendables_scripts += coin.out.nValue;
continue;
}
m_muhash.Insert(MakeUCharSpan(TxOutSer(outpoint, coin)));
if (tx->IsCoinBase()) {
m_total_coinbase_amount += coin.out.nValue;
} else {
m_total_new_outputs_ex_coinbase_amount += coin.out.nValue;
}
++m_transaction_output_count;
m_total_amount += coin.out.nValue;
m_bogo_size += GetBogoSize(coin.out.scriptPubKey);
}
// The coinbase tx has no undo data since no former output is spent
if (!tx->IsCoinBase()) {
const auto& tx_undo{block_undo.vtxundo.at(i - 1)};
for (size_t j = 0; j < tx_undo.vprevout.size(); ++j) {
Coin coin{tx_undo.vprevout[j]};
COutPoint outpoint{tx->vin[j].prevout.hash, tx->vin[j].prevout.n};
m_muhash.Remove(MakeUCharSpan(TxOutSer(outpoint, coin)));
m_total_prevout_spent_amount += coin.out.nValue;
--m_transaction_output_count;
m_total_amount -= coin.out.nValue;
m_bogo_size -= GetBogoSize(coin.out.scriptPubKey);
}
}
}
} else {
// genesis block
m_total_unspendable_amount += block_subsidy;
m_total_unspendables_genesis_block += block_subsidy;
}
// If spent prevouts + block subsidy are still a higher amount than
// new outputs + coinbase + current unspendable amount this means
// the miner did not claim the full block reward. Unclaimed block
// rewards are also unspendable.
const CAmount unclaimed_rewards{(m_total_prevout_spent_amount + m_total_subsidy) - (m_total_new_outputs_ex_coinbase_amount + m_total_coinbase_amount + m_total_unspendable_amount)};
m_total_unspendable_amount += unclaimed_rewards;
m_total_unspendables_unclaimed_rewards += unclaimed_rewards;
std::pair<uint256, DBVal> value;
value.first = block.hash;
value.second.transaction_output_count = m_transaction_output_count;
value.second.bogo_size = m_bogo_size;
value.second.total_amount = m_total_amount;
value.second.total_subsidy = m_total_subsidy;
value.second.total_unspendable_amount = m_total_unspendable_amount;
value.second.total_prevout_spent_amount = m_total_prevout_spent_amount;
value.second.total_new_outputs_ex_coinbase_amount = m_total_new_outputs_ex_coinbase_amount;
value.second.total_coinbase_amount = m_total_coinbase_amount;
value.second.total_unspendables_genesis_block = m_total_unspendables_genesis_block;
value.second.total_unspendables_bip30 = m_total_unspendables_bip30;
value.second.total_unspendables_scripts = m_total_unspendables_scripts;
value.second.total_unspendables_unclaimed_rewards = m_total_unspendables_unclaimed_rewards;
uint256 out;
m_muhash.Finalize(out);
value.second.muhash = out;
// Intentionally do not update DB_MUHASH here so it stays in sync with
// DB_BEST_BLOCK, and the index is not corrupted if there is an unclean shutdown.
return m_db->Write(DBHeightKey(block.height), value);
}
static bool CopyHeightIndexToHashIndex(CDBIterator& db_it, CDBBatch& batch,
const std::string& index_name,
int start_height, int stop_height)
{
DBHeightKey key{start_height};
db_it.Seek(key);
for (int height = start_height; height <= stop_height; ++height) {
if (!db_it.GetKey(key) || key.height != height) {
return error("%s: unexpected key in %s: expected (%c, %d)",
__func__, index_name, DB_BLOCK_HEIGHT, height);
}
std::pair<uint256, DBVal> value;
if (!db_it.GetValue(value)) {
return error("%s: unable to read value in %s at key (%c, %d)",
__func__, index_name, DB_BLOCK_HEIGHT, height);
}
batch.Write(DBHashKey(value.first), std::move(value.second));
db_it.Next();
}
return true;
}
bool CoinStatsIndex::CustomRewind(const interfaces::BlockKey& current_tip, const interfaces::BlockKey& new_tip)
{
CDBBatch batch(*m_db);
std::unique_ptr<CDBIterator> db_it(m_db->NewIterator());
// During a reorg, we need to copy all hash digests for blocks that are
// getting disconnected from the height index to the hash index so we can
// still find them when the height index entries are overwritten.
if (!CopyHeightIndexToHashIndex(*db_it, batch, m_name, new_tip.height, current_tip.height)) {
return false;
}
if (!m_db->WriteBatch(batch)) return false;
{
LOCK(cs_main);
const CBlockIndex* iter_tip{m_chainstate->m_blockman.LookupBlockIndex(current_tip.hash)};
const CBlockIndex* new_tip_index{m_chainstate->m_blockman.LookupBlockIndex(new_tip.hash)};
do {
CBlock block;
if (!m_chainstate->m_blockman.ReadBlockFromDisk(block, *iter_tip)) {
return error("%s: Failed to read block %s from disk",
__func__, iter_tip->GetBlockHash().ToString());
}
if (!ReverseBlock(block, iter_tip)) {
return false; // failure cause logged internally
}
iter_tip = iter_tip->GetAncestor(iter_tip->nHeight - 1);
} while (new_tip_index != iter_tip);
}
return true;
}
static bool LookUpOne(const CDBWrapper& db, const interfaces::BlockKey& block, DBVal& result)
{
// First check if the result is stored under the height index and the value
// there matches the block hash. This should be the case if the block is on
// the active chain.
std::pair<uint256, DBVal> read_out;
if (!db.Read(DBHeightKey(block.height), read_out)) {
return false;
}
if (read_out.first == block.hash) {
result = std::move(read_out.second);
return true;
}
// If value at the height index corresponds to an different block, the
// result will be stored in the hash index.
return db.Read(DBHashKey(block.hash), result);
}
std::optional<CCoinsStats> CoinStatsIndex::LookUpStats(const CBlockIndex& block_index) const
{
CCoinsStats stats{block_index.nHeight, block_index.GetBlockHash()};
stats.index_used = true;
DBVal entry;
if (!LookUpOne(*m_db, {block_index.GetBlockHash(), block_index.nHeight}, entry)) {
return std::nullopt;
}
stats.hashSerialized = entry.muhash;
stats.nTransactionOutputs = entry.transaction_output_count;
stats.nBogoSize = entry.bogo_size;
stats.total_amount = entry.total_amount;
stats.total_subsidy = entry.total_subsidy;
stats.total_unspendable_amount = entry.total_unspendable_amount;
stats.total_prevout_spent_amount = entry.total_prevout_spent_amount;
stats.total_new_outputs_ex_coinbase_amount = entry.total_new_outputs_ex_coinbase_amount;
stats.total_coinbase_amount = entry.total_coinbase_amount;
stats.total_unspendables_genesis_block = entry.total_unspendables_genesis_block;
stats.total_unspendables_bip30 = entry.total_unspendables_bip30;
stats.total_unspendables_scripts = entry.total_unspendables_scripts;
stats.total_unspendables_unclaimed_rewards = entry.total_unspendables_unclaimed_rewards;
return stats;
}
bool CoinStatsIndex::CustomInit(const std::optional<interfaces::BlockKey>& block)
{
if (!m_db->Read(DB_MUHASH, m_muhash)) {
// Check that the cause of the read failure is that the key does not
// exist. Any other errors indicate database corruption or a disk
// failure, and starting the index would cause further corruption.
if (m_db->Exists(DB_MUHASH)) {
return error("%s: Cannot read current %s state; index may be corrupted",
__func__, GetName());
}
}
if (block) {
DBVal entry;
if (!LookUpOne(*m_db, *block, entry)) {
return error("%s: Cannot read current %s state; index may be corrupted",
__func__, GetName());
}
uint256 out;
m_muhash.Finalize(out);
if (entry.muhash != out) {
return error("%s: Cannot read current %s state; index may be corrupted",
__func__, GetName());
}
m_transaction_output_count = entry.transaction_output_count;
m_bogo_size = entry.bogo_size;
m_total_amount = entry.total_amount;
m_total_subsidy = entry.total_subsidy;
m_total_unspendable_amount = entry.total_unspendable_amount;
m_total_prevout_spent_amount = entry.total_prevout_spent_amount;
m_total_new_outputs_ex_coinbase_amount = entry.total_new_outputs_ex_coinbase_amount;
m_total_coinbase_amount = entry.total_coinbase_amount;
m_total_unspendables_genesis_block = entry.total_unspendables_genesis_block;
m_total_unspendables_bip30 = entry.total_unspendables_bip30;
m_total_unspendables_scripts = entry.total_unspendables_scripts;
m_total_unspendables_unclaimed_rewards = entry.total_unspendables_unclaimed_rewards;
}
return true;
}
bool CoinStatsIndex::CustomCommit(CDBBatch& batch)
{
// DB_MUHASH should always be committed in a batch together with DB_BEST_BLOCK
// to prevent an inconsistent state of the DB.
batch.Write(DB_MUHASH, m_muhash);
return true;
}
// Reverse a single block as part of a reorg
bool CoinStatsIndex::ReverseBlock(const CBlock& block, const CBlockIndex* pindex)
{
CBlockUndo block_undo;
std::pair<uint256, DBVal> read_out;
const CAmount block_subsidy{GetBlockSubsidy(pindex->nHeight, Params().GetConsensus())};
m_total_subsidy -= block_subsidy;
// Ignore genesis block
if (pindex->nHeight > 0) {
if (!m_chainstate->m_blockman.UndoReadFromDisk(block_undo, *pindex)) {
return false;
}
if (!m_db->Read(DBHeightKey(pindex->nHeight - 1), read_out)) {
return false;
}
uint256 expected_block_hash{pindex->pprev->GetBlockHash()};
if (read_out.first != expected_block_hash) {
LogPrintf("WARNING: previous block header belongs to unexpected block %s; expected %s\n",
read_out.first.ToString(), expected_block_hash.ToString());
if (!m_db->Read(DBHashKey(expected_block_hash), read_out)) {
return error("%s: previous block header not found; expected %s",
__func__, expected_block_hash.ToString());
}
}
}
// Remove the new UTXOs that were created from the block
for (size_t i = 0; i < block.vtx.size(); ++i) {
const auto& tx{block.vtx.at(i)};
for (uint32_t j = 0; j < tx->vout.size(); ++j) {
const CTxOut& out{tx->vout[j]};
COutPoint outpoint{tx->GetHash(), j};
Coin coin{out, pindex->nHeight, tx->IsCoinBase()};
// Skip unspendable coins
if (coin.out.scriptPubKey.IsUnspendable()) {
m_total_unspendable_amount -= coin.out.nValue;
m_total_unspendables_scripts -= coin.out.nValue;
continue;
}
m_muhash.Remove(MakeUCharSpan(TxOutSer(outpoint, coin)));
if (tx->IsCoinBase()) {
m_total_coinbase_amount -= coin.out.nValue;
} else {
m_total_new_outputs_ex_coinbase_amount -= coin.out.nValue;
}
--m_transaction_output_count;
m_total_amount -= coin.out.nValue;
m_bogo_size -= GetBogoSize(coin.out.scriptPubKey);
}
// The coinbase tx has no undo data since no former output is spent
if (!tx->IsCoinBase()) {
const auto& tx_undo{block_undo.vtxundo.at(i - 1)};
for (size_t j = 0; j < tx_undo.vprevout.size(); ++j) {
Coin coin{tx_undo.vprevout[j]};
COutPoint outpoint{tx->vin[j].prevout.hash, tx->vin[j].prevout.n};
m_muhash.Insert(MakeUCharSpan(TxOutSer(outpoint, coin)));
m_total_prevout_spent_amount -= coin.out.nValue;
m_transaction_output_count++;
m_total_amount += coin.out.nValue;
m_bogo_size += GetBogoSize(coin.out.scriptPubKey);
}
}
}
const CAmount unclaimed_rewards{(m_total_new_outputs_ex_coinbase_amount + m_total_coinbase_amount + m_total_unspendable_amount) - (m_total_prevout_spent_amount + m_total_subsidy)};
m_total_unspendable_amount -= unclaimed_rewards;
m_total_unspendables_unclaimed_rewards -= unclaimed_rewards;
// Check that the rolled back internal values are consistent with the DB read out
uint256 out;
m_muhash.Finalize(out);
Assert(read_out.second.muhash == out);
Assert(m_transaction_output_count == read_out.second.transaction_output_count);
Assert(m_total_amount == read_out.second.total_amount);
Assert(m_bogo_size == read_out.second.bogo_size);
Assert(m_total_subsidy == read_out.second.total_subsidy);
Assert(m_total_unspendable_amount == read_out.second.total_unspendable_amount);
Assert(m_total_prevout_spent_amount == read_out.second.total_prevout_spent_amount);
Assert(m_total_new_outputs_ex_coinbase_amount == read_out.second.total_new_outputs_ex_coinbase_amount);
Assert(m_total_coinbase_amount == read_out.second.total_coinbase_amount);
Assert(m_total_unspendables_genesis_block == read_out.second.total_unspendables_genesis_block);
Assert(m_total_unspendables_bip30 == read_out.second.total_unspendables_bip30);
Assert(m_total_unspendables_scripts == read_out.second.total_unspendables_scripts);
Assert(m_total_unspendables_unclaimed_rewards == read_out.second.total_unspendables_unclaimed_rewards);
return true;
}
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