1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
|
UNIX BUILD NOTES
====================
Some notes on how to build Bitcoin Core in Unix.
(For BSD specific instructions, see `build-*bsd.md` in this directory.)
Note
---------------------
Always use absolute paths to configure and compile Bitcoin Core and the dependencies.
For example, when specifying the path of the dependency:
../dist/configure --enable-cxx --disable-shared --with-pic --prefix=$BDB_PREFIX
Here BDB_PREFIX must be an absolute path - it is defined using $(pwd) which ensures
the usage of the absolute path.
To Build
---------------------
```bash
./autogen.sh
./configure
make # use "-j N" for N parallel jobs
make install # optional
```
This will build bitcoin-qt as well, if the dependencies are met.
See [dependencies.md](dependencies.md) for a complete overview.
Memory Requirements
--------------------
C++ compilers are memory-hungry. It is recommended to have at least 1.5 GB of
memory available when compiling Bitcoin Core. On systems with less, gcc can be
tuned to conserve memory with additional CXXFLAGS:
./configure CXXFLAGS="--param ggc-min-expand=1 --param ggc-min-heapsize=32768"
Alternatively, or in addition, debugging information can be skipped for compilation. The default compile flags are
`-g -O2`, and can be changed with:
./configure CXXFLAGS="-O2"
Finally, clang (often less resource hungry) can be used instead of gcc, which is used by default:
./configure CXX=clang++ CC=clang
## Linux Distribution Specific Instructions
### Ubuntu & Debian
#### Dependency Build Instructions
Build requirements:
sudo apt-get install build-essential libtool autotools-dev automake pkg-config bsdmainutils python3
Now, you can either build from self-compiled [depends](/depends/README.md) or install the required dependencies:
sudo apt-get install libevent-dev libboost-dev
SQLite is required for the descriptor wallet:
sudo apt install libsqlite3-dev
Berkeley DB is required for the legacy wallet. Ubuntu and Debian have their own `libdb-dev` and `libdb++-dev` packages,
but these will install Berkeley DB 5.1 or later. This will break binary wallet compatibility with the distributed
executables, which are based on BerkeleyDB 4.8. If you do not care about wallet compatibility, pass
`--with-incompatible-bdb` to configure. Otherwise, you can build Berkeley DB [yourself](#berkeley-db).
To build Bitcoin Core without wallet, see [*Disable-wallet mode*](#disable-wallet-mode)
Optional port mapping libraries (see: `--with-miniupnpc`, `--enable-upnp-default`, and `--with-natpmp`, `--enable-natpmp-default`):
sudo apt install libminiupnpc-dev libnatpmp-dev
ZMQ dependencies (provides ZMQ API):
sudo apt-get install libzmq3-dev
User-Space, Statically Defined Tracing (USDT) dependencies:
sudo apt install systemtap-sdt-dev
GUI dependencies:
If you want to build bitcoin-qt, make sure that the required packages for Qt development
are installed. Qt 5 is necessary to build the GUI.
To build without GUI pass `--without-gui`.
To build with Qt 5 you need the following:
sudo apt-get install libqt5gui5 libqt5core5a libqt5dbus5 qttools5-dev qttools5-dev-tools
Additionally, to support Wayland protocol for modern desktop environments:
sudo apt install qtwayland5
libqrencode (optional) can be installed with:
sudo apt-get install libqrencode-dev
Once these are installed, they will be found by configure and a bitcoin-qt executable will be
built by default.
### Fedora
#### Dependency Build Instructions
Build requirements:
sudo dnf install gcc-c++ libtool make autoconf automake python3
Now, you can either build from self-compiled [depends](/depends/README.md) or install the required dependencies:
sudo dnf install libevent-devel boost-devel
SQLite is required for the descriptor wallet:
sudo dnf install sqlite-devel
Berkeley DB is required for the legacy wallet:
sudo dnf install libdb4-devel libdb4-cxx-devel
Newer Fedora releases, since Fedora 33, have only `libdb-devel` and `libdb-cxx-devel` packages, but these will install
Berkeley DB 5.3 or later. This will break binary wallet compatibility with the distributed executables, which
are based on Berkeley DB 4.8. If you do not care about wallet compatibility,
pass `--with-incompatible-bdb` to configure. Otherwise, you can build Berkeley DB [yourself](#berkeley-db).
To build Bitcoin Core without wallet, see [*Disable-wallet mode*](#disable-wallet-mode)
Optional port mapping libraries (see: `--with-miniupnpc`, `--enable-upnp-default`, and `--with-natpmp`, `--enable-natpmp-default`):
sudo dnf install miniupnpc-devel libnatpmp-devel
ZMQ dependencies (provides ZMQ API):
sudo dnf install zeromq-devel
User-Space, Statically Defined Tracing (USDT) dependencies:
sudo dnf install systemtap
GUI dependencies:
If you want to build bitcoin-qt, make sure that the required packages for Qt development
are installed. Qt 5 is necessary to build the GUI.
To build without GUI pass `--without-gui`.
To build with Qt 5 you need the following:
sudo dnf install qt5-qttools-devel qt5-qtbase-devel
Additionally, to support Wayland protocol for modern desktop environments:
sudo dnf install qt5-qtwayland
libqrencode (optional) can be installed with:
sudo dnf install qrencode-devel
Once these are installed, they will be found by configure and a bitcoin-qt executable will be
built by default.
Notes
-----
The release is built with GCC and then "strip bitcoind" to strip the debug
symbols, which reduces the executable size by about 90%.
miniupnpc
---------
[miniupnpc](https://miniupnp.tuxfamily.org) may be used for UPnP port mapping. It can be downloaded from [here](
https://miniupnp.tuxfamily.org/files/). UPnP support is compiled in and
turned off by default. See the configure options for UPnP behavior desired:
--without-miniupnpc No UPnP support, miniupnp not required
--disable-upnp-default (the default) UPnP support turned off by default at runtime
--enable-upnp-default UPnP support turned on by default at runtime
libnatpmp
---------
[libnatpmp](https://miniupnp.tuxfamily.org/libnatpmp.html) may be used for NAT-PMP port mapping. It can be downloaded
from [here](https://miniupnp.tuxfamily.org/files/). NAT-PMP support is compiled in and
turned off by default. See the configure options for NAT-PMP behavior desired:
--without-natpmp No NAT-PMP support, libnatpmp not required
--disable-natpmp-default (the default) NAT-PMP support turned off by default at runtime
--enable-natpmp-default NAT-PMP support turned on by default at runtime
Berkeley DB
-----------
The legacy wallet uses Berkeley DB. To ensure backwards compatibility it is
recommended to use Berkeley DB 4.8. If you have to build it yourself, you can
use [the installation script included in contrib/](/contrib/install_db4.sh)
like so:
```shell
./contrib/install_db4.sh `pwd`
```
from the root of the repository.
Otherwise, you can build Bitcoin Core from self-compiled [depends](/depends/README.md).
**Note**: You only need Berkeley DB if the legacy wallet is enabled (see [*Disable-wallet mode*](#disable-wallet-mode)).
Security
--------
To help make your Bitcoin Core installation more secure by making certain attacks impossible to
exploit even if a vulnerability is found, binaries are hardened by default.
This can be disabled with:
Hardening Flags:
./configure --enable-hardening
./configure --disable-hardening
Hardening enables the following features:
* _Position Independent Executable_: Build position independent code to take advantage of Address Space Layout Randomization
offered by some kernels. Attackers who can cause execution of code at an arbitrary memory
location are thwarted if they don't know where anything useful is located.
The stack and heap are randomly located by default, but this allows the code section to be
randomly located as well.
On an AMD64 processor where a library was not compiled with -fPIC, this will cause an error
such as: "relocation R_X86_64_32 against `......' can not be used when making a shared object;"
To test that you have built PIE executable, install scanelf, part of paxutils, and use:
scanelf -e ./bitcoin
The output should contain:
TYPE
ET_DYN
* _Non-executable Stack_: If the stack is executable then trivial stack-based buffer overflow exploits are possible if
vulnerable buffers are found. By default, Bitcoin Core should be built with a non-executable stack,
but if one of the libraries it uses asks for an executable stack or someone makes a mistake
and uses a compiler extension which requires an executable stack, it will silently build an
executable without the non-executable stack protection.
To verify that the stack is non-executable after compiling use:
`scanelf -e ./bitcoin`
The output should contain:
STK/REL/PTL
RW- R-- RW-
The STK RW- means that the stack is readable and writeable but not executable.
Disable-wallet mode
--------------------
When the intention is to only run a P2P node, without a wallet, Bitcoin Core can
be compiled in disable-wallet mode with:
./configure --disable-wallet
In this case there is no dependency on SQLite or Berkeley DB.
Mining is also possible in disable-wallet mode using the `getblocktemplate` RPC call.
Additional Configure Flags
--------------------------
A list of additional configure flags can be displayed with:
./configure --help
Setup and Build Example: Arch Linux
-----------------------------------
This example lists the steps necessary to setup and build a command line only distribution of the latest changes on Arch Linux:
pacman --sync --needed autoconf automake boost gcc git libevent libtool make pkgconf python sqlite
git clone https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin.git
cd bitcoin/
./autogen.sh
./configure
make check
./src/bitcoind
If you intend to work with legacy Berkeley DB wallets, see [Berkeley DB](#berkeley-db) section.
|
