Merge bitcoin/bitcoin#24576: contrib: testgen: remove redundant base58 implementation

65c49ac750ba39801b349d0a59c27471dfa9868e test: throw `ValueError` for invalid base58 checksum (Sebastian Falbesoner)
219d2c7ee1d35a353a96c55d4c411d43fe39548a contrib: testgen: use base58 methods from test framework (Sebastian Falbesoner)
605fecfb66ba51467b35a3f269116ec786aedd05 scripted-diff: rename `chars` to `b58chars` in test_framework.address (Sebastian Falbesoner)
11c63e374d058d3bde64a725068d29c874950b45 contrib: testgen: import OP_* constants from test framework (Sebastian Falbesoner)
7d755bb31cd58099cd97b604e04a6a4bb99cd2a9 contrib: testgen: avoid need for manually setting PYTHONPATH (Sebastian Falbesoner)

Pull request description:

  This PR removes the redundant base58 implementation [contrib/testgen/base58.py](https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/master/contrib/testgen/base58.py) for the test generation script `gen_key_io_test_vectors.py` and uses the one from the test framework instead. Additionally, three other cleanups/improvements are done:
  - import script operator constants `OP_*` from test framework instead of manually defining them
  - add Python path to test framework directly in the script (via `sys.path.append(...)`) instead of needing the caller to specify `PYTHONPATH=...` on the command line (the same approach is done for the signet miner and the message capture scripts)
  - rename `chars` to `b58chars` in the test_framework.address module (is more explicit and makes the diff for the base58 replacement smaller)

ACKs for top commit:
  laanwj:
    Code review ACK 65c49ac750ba39801b349d0a59c27471dfa9868e

Tree-SHA512: 92e1534cc320cd56262bf455de7231c6ec821bfcd0ed58aa5718271ecec1a89df7951bf31527a2306db6398e7f2664d2ff8508200c28163c0b164d3f5aaf8b0e

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