Merge bitcoin/bitcoin#28347: lint: replace deprecated pkg_resources with importlib.metadata

6c008a20067eb8574f4bd94acdd1d18ff7110d91 script: replace deprecated pkg_resources with importlib.metadata (Jon Atack)

Pull request description:

  Running our python linter with a recent python and the latest release of setuptools [v68.1.2](https://setuptools.pypa.io/en/stable/history.html):

  ```
  $ python3 --version
  Python 3.11.5
  $ ./test/lint/lint-python.py:12: DeprecationWarning: pkg_resources is deprecated as an API.
    See https://setuptools.pypa.io/en/latest/pkg_resources.html
    import pkg_resources
  ```

  Using `pkg_resources` was [deprecated](https://github.com/pypa/setuptools/pull/3843) earlier in [v67.5.0](https://setuptools.pypa.io/en/stable/history.html#id55): "Although pkg_resources has been discouraged for use, some projects still consider pkg_resources viable for usage. This change makes it clear that pkg_resources should not be used, emitting a DeprecationWarning when imported."

  The `importlib.metadata` library requires Python 3.8, which is currently our minimum-supported Python version.

  For more details about `importlib.metadata` and the two methods imported and used here, see:

  - https://docs.python.org/3/library/importlib.metadata.html
  - https://importlib-metadata.readthedocs.io/en/latest/api.html#importlib_metadata.metadata
  - https://importlib-metadata.readthedocs.io/en/latest/api.html#importlib_metadata.PackageNotFoundError

ACKs for top commit:
  MarcoFalke:
    lgtm ACK 6c008a20067eb8574f4bd94acdd1d18ff7110d91 (review only, did not test)

Tree-SHA512: f5258d37043fcc9744f85641a60a3395ad43822c72d030dea8c39fa7f48ec3d7790cdeeb832f96e8f38046adb7c62fbc577c975ef0c77c8047c0c8f2353ce540

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