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<pre>
BIP: 84
Layer: Applications
Title: Derivation scheme for P2WPKH based accounts
Author: Pavol Rusnak <stick@satoshilabs.com>
Comments-Summary: No comments yet.
Comments-URI: https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/wiki/Comments:BIP-0084
Status: Final
Type: Informational
Created: 2017-12-28
License: CC0-1.0
</pre>
==Abstract==
This BIP defines the derivation scheme for HD wallets using the P2WPKH ([[bip-0173.mediawiki|BIP 173]]) serialization format for segregated witness transactions.
==Motivation==
With the usage of P2WPKH transactions it is necessary to have a common derivation scheme.
It allows the user to use different HD wallets with the same masterseed and/or a single account seamlessly.
Thus the user needs to create dedicated segregated witness accounts, which ensures that only wallets compatible with this BIP will detect the accounts and handle them appropriately.
===Considerations===
We use the same rationale as described in Considerations section of [[bip-0049.mediawiki|BIP 49]].
==Specifications==
This BIP defines the two needed steps to derive multiple deterministic addresses based on a [[bip-0032.mediawiki|BIP 32]] root account.
===Public key derivation===
To derive a public key from the root account, this BIP uses the same account-structure as defined in [[bip-0044.mediawiki|BIP 44]] and [[bip-0049.mediawiki|BIP 49]], but only uses a different purpose value to indicate the different transaction serialization method.
<pre>
m / purpose' / coin_type' / account' / change / address_index
</pre>
For the <code>purpose</code>-path level it uses <code>84'</code>. The rest of the levels are used as defined in BIP44 or BIP49.
===Address derivation===
To derive the P2WPKH address from the above calculated public key, we use the encapsulation defined in [[bip-0141.mediawiki#p2wpkh|BIP 141]]:
witness: <signature> <pubkey>
scriptSig: (empty)
scriptPubKey: 0 <20-byte-key-hash>
(0x0014{20-byte-key-hash})
===Extended Key Version===
When serializing extended keys, this scheme uses alternate version bytes. Extended public keys use <code>0x04b24746</code> to produce a "zpub" prefix, and private keys use <code>0x04b2430c</code> to produce a "zprv" prefix. Testnet uses <code>0x045f1cf6</code> "vpub" and <code>0x045f18bc</code> "vprv."
Additional registered version bytes are listed in [[https://github.com/satoshilabs/slips/blob/master/slip-0132.md|SLIP-0132]].
==Backwards Compatibility==
This BIP is not backwards compatible by design as described under [#considerations]. An incompatible wallet will not discover accounts at all and the user will notice that something is wrong.
==Test vectors==
<pre>
mnemonic = abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon abandon about
rootpriv = zprvAWgYBBk7JR8Gjrh4UJQ2uJdG1r3WNRRfURiABBE3RvMXYSrRJL62XuezvGdPvG6GFBZduosCc1YP5wixPox7zhZLfiUm8aunE96BBa4Kei5
rootpub = zpub6jftahH18ngZxLmXaKw3GSZzZsszmt9WqedkyZdezFtWRFBZqsQH5hyUmb4pCEeZGmVfQuP5bedXTB8is6fTv19U1GQRyQUKQGUTzyHACMF
// Account 0, root = m/84'/0'/0'
xpriv = zprvAdG4iTXWBoARxkkzNpNh8r6Qag3irQB8PzEMkAFeTRXxHpbF9z4QgEvBRmfvqWvGp42t42nvgGpNgYSJA9iefm1yYNZKEm7z6qUWCroSQnE
xpub = zpub6rFR7y4Q2AijBEqTUquhVz398htDFrtymD9xYYfG1m4wAcvPhXNfE3EfH1r1ADqtfSdVCToUG868RvUUkgDKf31mGDtKsAYz2oz2AGutZYs
// Account 0, first receiving address = m/84'/0'/0'/0/0
privkey = KyZpNDKnfs94vbrwhJneDi77V6jF64PWPF8x5cdJb8ifgg2DUc9d
pubkey = 0330d54fd0dd420a6e5f8d3624f5f3482cae350f79d5f0753bf5beef9c2d91af3c
address = bc1qcr8te4kr609gcawutmrza0j4xv80jy8z306fyu
// Account 0, second receiving address = m/84'/0'/0'/0/1
privkey = Kxpf5b8p3qX56DKEe5NqWbNUP9MnqoRFzZwHRtsFqhzuvUJsYZCy
pubkey = 03e775fd51f0dfb8cd865d9ff1cca2a158cf651fe997fdc9fee9c1d3b5e995ea77
address = bc1qnjg0jd8228aq7egyzacy8cys3knf9xvrerkf9g
// Account 0, first change address = m/84'/0'/0'/1/0
privkey = KxuoxufJL5csa1Wieb2kp29VNdn92Us8CoaUG3aGtPtcF3AzeXvF
pubkey = 03025324888e429ab8e3dbaf1f7802648b9cd01e9b418485c5fa4c1b9b5700e1a6
address = bc1q8c6fshw2dlwun7ekn9qwf37cu2rn755upcp6el
</pre>
==Reference==
* [[bip-0032.mediawiki|BIP32 - Hierarchical Deterministic Wallets]]
* [[bip-0043.mediawiki|BIP43 - Purpose Field for Deterministic Wallets]]
* [[bip-0044.mediawiki|BIP44 - Multi-Account Hierarchy for Deterministic Wallets]]
* [[bip-0049.mediawiki|BIP49 - Derivation scheme for P2WPKH-nested-in-P2SH based accounts]]
* [[bip-0141.mediawiki|BIP141 - Segregated Witness (Consensus layer)]]
* [[bip-0173.mediawiki|BIP173 - Base32 address format for native v0-16 witness outputs]]
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