[YoutubeDL] rework how the format spec is processed

The spec string is processed using 'tokenize.tokenize' to split it in words and operators, the filters are still processed using regular expressions.
This should make easier to allow grouping operators with parens.

3 files changed, 209 insertions, 121 deletions

diff --git a/test/test_YoutubeDL.py b/test/test_YoutubeDL.py
index a13c09ef4..8f7aef512 100644
--- a/test/test_YoutubeDL.py
+++ b/test/test_YoutubeDL.py
@@ -229,21 +229,30 @@ class TestFormatSelection(unittest.TestCase):
             '141', '172', '140', '171', '139',
         ]
 
-        for f1id, f2id in zip(order, order[1:]):
-            f1 = YoutubeIE._formats[f1id].copy()
-            f1['format_id'] = f1id
-            f1['url'] = 'url:' + f1id
-            f2 = YoutubeIE._formats[f2id].copy()
-            f2['format_id'] = f2id
-            f2['url'] = 'url:' + f2id
+        def format_info(f_id):
+            info = YoutubeIE._formats[f_id].copy()
+            info['format_id'] = f_id
+            info['url'] = 'url:' + f_id
+            return info
+        formats_order = [format_info(f_id) for f_id in order]
+
+        info_dict = _make_result(list(formats_order), extractor='youtube')
+        ydl = YDL({'format': 'bestvideo+bestaudio'})
+        yie = YoutubeIE(ydl)
+        yie._sort_formats(info_dict['formats'])
+        ydl.process_ie_result(info_dict)
+        downloaded = ydl.downloaded_info_dicts[0]
+        self.assertEqual(downloaded['format_id'], '137+141')
+        self.assertEqual(downloaded['ext'], 'mp4')
 
+        for f1, f2 in zip(formats_order, formats_order[1:]):
             info_dict = _make_result([f1, f2], extractor='youtube')
             ydl = YDL({'format': 'best/bestvideo'})
             yie = YoutubeIE(ydl)
             yie._sort_formats(info_dict['formats'])
             ydl.process_ie_result(info_dict)
             downloaded = ydl.downloaded_info_dicts[0]
-            self.assertEqual(downloaded['format_id'], f1id)
+            self.assertEqual(downloaded['format_id'], f1['format_id'])
 
             info_dict = _make_result([f2, f1], extractor='youtube')
             ydl = YDL({'format': 'best/bestvideo'})
@@ -251,7 +260,7 @@ class TestFormatSelection(unittest.TestCase):
             yie._sort_formats(info_dict['formats'])
             ydl.process_ie_result(info_dict)
             downloaded = ydl.downloaded_info_dicts[0]
-            self.assertEqual(downloaded['format_id'], f1id)
+            self.assertEqual(downloaded['format_id'], f1['format_id'])
 
     def test_format_filtering(self):
         formats = [
diff --git a/youtube_dl/YoutubeDL.py b/youtube_dl/YoutubeDL.py
index ef0f71bad..17a5407b9 100755
--- a/youtube_dl/YoutubeDL.py
+++ b/youtube_dl/YoutubeDL.py
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ import subprocess
 import socket
 import sys
 import time
+import tokenize
 import traceback
 
 if os.name == 'nt':
@@ -34,6 +35,7 @@ from .compat import (
     compat_http_client,
     compat_kwargs,
     compat_str,
+    compat_tokenize_tokenize,
     compat_urllib_error,
     compat_urllib_request,
 )
@@ -851,8 +853,8 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
         else:
             raise Exception('Invalid result type: %s' % result_type)
 
-    def _apply_format_filter(self, format_spec, available_formats):
-        " Returns a tuple of the remaining format_spec and filtered formats "
+    def _build_format_filter(self, filter_spec):
+        " Returns a function to filter the formats according to the filter_spec "
 
         OPERATORS = {
             '<': operator.lt,
@@ -862,13 +864,13 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
             '=': operator.eq,
             '!=': operator.ne,
         }
-        operator_rex = re.compile(r'''(?x)\s*\[
+        operator_rex = re.compile(r'''(?x)\s*
             (?P<key>width|height|tbr|abr|vbr|asr|filesize|fps)
             \s*(?P<op>%s)(?P<none_inclusive>\s*\?)?\s*
             (?P<value>[0-9.]+(?:[kKmMgGtTpPeEzZyY]i?[Bb]?)?)
-            \]$
+            $
             ''' % '|'.join(map(re.escape, OPERATORS.keys())))
-        m = operator_rex.search(format_spec)
+        m = operator_rex.search(filter_spec)
         if m:
             try:
                 comparison_value = int(m.group('value'))
@@ -879,7 +881,7 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
                 if comparison_value is None:
                     raise ValueError(
                         'Invalid value %r in format specification %r' % (
-                            m.group('value'), format_spec))
+                            m.group('value'), filter_spec))
             op = OPERATORS[m.group('op')]
 
         if not m:
@@ -887,85 +889,201 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
                 '=': operator.eq,
                 '!=': operator.ne,
             }
-            str_operator_rex = re.compile(r'''(?x)\s*\[
+            str_operator_rex = re.compile(r'''(?x)
                 \s*(?P<key>ext|acodec|vcodec|container|protocol)
                 \s*(?P<op>%s)(?P<none_inclusive>\s*\?)?
                 \s*(?P<value>[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)
-                \s*\]$
+                \s*$
                 ''' % '|'.join(map(re.escape, STR_OPERATORS.keys())))
-            m = str_operator_rex.search(format_spec)
+            m = str_operator_rex.search(filter_spec)
             if m:
                 comparison_value = m.group('value')
                 op = STR_OPERATORS[m.group('op')]
 
         if not m:
-            raise ValueError('Invalid format specification %r' % format_spec)
+            raise ValueError('Invalid filter specification %r' % filter_spec)
 
         def _filter(f):
             actual_value = f.get(m.group('key'))
             if actual_value is None:
                 return m.group('none_inclusive')
             return op(actual_value, comparison_value)
-        new_formats = [f for f in available_formats if _filter(f)]
+        return _filter
+
+    def build_format_selector(self, format_spec):
+        def syntax_error(note, start):
+            message = (
+                'Invalid format specification: '
+                '{0}\n\t{1}\n\t{2}^'.format(note, format_spec, ' ' * start[1]))
+            return SyntaxError(message)
+
+        PICKFIRST = 'PICKFIRST'
+        MERGE = 'MERGE'
+        SINGLE = 'SINGLE'
+        FormatSelector = collections.namedtuple('FormatSelector', ['type', 'selector', 'filters'])
+
+        def _parse_filter(tokens):
+            filter_parts = []
+            for type, string, start, _, _ in tokens:
+                if type == tokenize.OP and string == ']':
+                    return ''.join(filter_parts)
+                else:
+                    filter_parts.append(string)
+
+        def _parse_format_selection(tokens, endwith=[]):
+            selectors = []
+            current_selector = None
+            for type, string, start, _, _ in tokens:
+                # ENCODING is only defined in python 3.x
+                if type == getattr(tokenize, 'ENCODING', None):
+                    continue
+                elif type in [tokenize.NAME, tokenize.NUMBER]:
+                    current_selector = FormatSelector(SINGLE, string, [])
+                elif type == tokenize.OP:
+                    if string in endwith:
+                        break
+                    if string == ',':
+                        selectors.append(current_selector)
+                        current_selector = None
+                    elif string == '/':
+                        first_choice = current_selector
+                        second_choice = _parse_format_selection(tokens, [','])
+                        current_selector = None
+                        selectors.append(FormatSelector(PICKFIRST, (first_choice, second_choice), []))
+                    elif string == '[':
+                        if not current_selector:
+                            current_selector = FormatSelector(SINGLE, 'best', [])
+                        format_filter = _parse_filter(tokens)
+                        current_selector.filters.append(format_filter)
+                    elif string == '+':
+                        video_selector = current_selector
+                        audio_selector = _parse_format_selection(tokens, [','])
+                        current_selector = None
+                        selectors.append(FormatSelector(MERGE, (video_selector, audio_selector), []))
+                    else:
+                        raise syntax_error('Operator not recognized: "{0}"'.format(string), start)
+                elif type == tokenize.ENDMARKER:
+                    break
+            if current_selector:
+                selectors.append(current_selector)
+            return selectors
+
+        def _build_selector_function(selector):
+            if isinstance(selector, list):
+                fs = [_build_selector_function(s) for s in selector]
+
+                def selector_function(formats):
+                    for f in fs:
+                        for format in f(formats):
+                            yield format
+                return selector_function
+            elif selector.type == PICKFIRST:
+                fs = [_build_selector_function(s) for s in selector.selector]
+
+                def selector_function(formats):
+                    for f in fs:
+                        picked_formats = list(f(formats))
+                        if picked_formats:
+                            return picked_formats
+                    return []
+            elif selector.type == SINGLE:
+                format_spec = selector.selector
+
+                def selector_function(formats):
+                    if format_spec in ['best', 'worst', None]:
+                        format_idx = 0 if format_spec == 'worst' else -1
+                        audiovideo_formats = [
+                            f for f in formats
+                            if f.get('vcodec') != 'none' and f.get('acodec') != 'none']
+                        if audiovideo_formats:
+                            yield audiovideo_formats[format_idx]
+                        # for audio only (soundcloud) or video only (imgur) urls, select the best/worst audio format
+                        elif (all(f.get('acodec') != 'none' for f in formats) or
+                              all(f.get('vcodec') != 'none' for f in formats)):
+                            yield formats[format_idx]
+                    elif format_spec == 'bestaudio':
+                        audio_formats = [
+                            f for f in formats
+                            if f.get('vcodec') == 'none']
+                        if audio_formats:
+                            yield audio_formats[-1]
+                    elif format_spec == 'worstaudio':
+                        audio_formats = [
+                            f for f in formats
+                            if f.get('vcodec') == 'none']
+                        if audio_formats:
+                            yield audio_formats[0]
+                    elif format_spec == 'bestvideo':
+                        video_formats = [
+                            f for f in formats
+                            if f.get('acodec') == 'none']
+                        if video_formats:
+                            yield video_formats[-1]
+                    elif format_spec == 'worstvideo':
+                        video_formats = [
+                            f for f in formats
+                            if f.get('acodec') == 'none']
+                        if video_formats:
+                            yield video_formats[0]
+                    else:
+                        extensions = ['mp4', 'flv', 'webm', '3gp', 'm4a', 'mp3', 'ogg', 'aac', 'wav']
+                        if format_spec in extensions:
+                            filter_f = lambda f: f['ext'] == format_spec
+                        else:
+                            filter_f = lambda f: f['format_id'] == format_spec
+                        matches = list(filter(filter_f, formats))
+                        if matches:
+                            yield matches[-1]
+            elif selector.type == MERGE:
+                def _merge(formats_info):
+                    format_1, format_2 = [f['format_id'] for f in formats_info]
+                    # The first format must contain the video and the
+                    # second the audio
+                    if formats_info[0].get('vcodec') == 'none':
+                        self.report_error('The first format must '
+                                          'contain the video, try using '
+                                          '"-f %s+%s"' % (format_2, format_1))
+                        return
+                    output_ext = (
+                        formats_info[0]['ext']
+                        if self.params.get('merge_output_format') is None
+                        else self.params['merge_output_format'])
+                    return {
+                        'requested_formats': formats_info,
+                        'format': '%s+%s' % (formats_info[0].get('format'),
+                                             formats_info[1].get('format')),
+                        'format_id': '%s+%s' % (formats_info[0].get('format_id'),
+                                                formats_info[1].get('format_id')),
+                        'width': formats_info[0].get('width'),
+                        'height': formats_info[0].get('height'),
+                        'resolution': formats_info[0].get('resolution'),
+                        'fps': formats_info[0].get('fps'),
+                        'vcodec': formats_info[0].get('vcodec'),
+                        'vbr': formats_info[0].get('vbr'),
+                        'stretched_ratio': formats_info[0].get('stretched_ratio'),
+                        'acodec': formats_info[1].get('acodec'),
+                        'abr': formats_info[1].get('abr'),
+                        'ext': output_ext,
+                    }
+                video_selector, audio_selector = map(_build_selector_function, selector.selector)
 
-        new_format_spec = format_spec[:-len(m.group(0))]
-        if not new_format_spec:
-            new_format_spec = 'best'
+                def selector_function(formats):
+                    formats = list(formats)
+                    for pair in itertools.product(video_selector(formats), audio_selector(formats)):
+                        yield _merge(pair)
 
-        return (new_format_spec, new_formats)
+            filters = [self._build_format_filter(f) for f in selector.filters]
 
-    def select_format(self, format_spec, available_formats):
-        while format_spec.endswith(']'):
-            format_spec, available_formats = self._apply_format_filter(
-                format_spec, available_formats)
-        if not available_formats:
-            return None
+            def final_selector(formats):
+                for _filter in filters:
+                    formats = list(filter(_filter, formats))
+                return selector_function(formats)
+            return final_selector
 
-        if format_spec in ['best', 'worst', None]:
-            format_idx = 0 if format_spec == 'worst' else -1
-            audiovideo_formats = [
-                f for f in available_formats
-                if f.get('vcodec') != 'none' and f.get('acodec') != 'none']
-            if audiovideo_formats:
-                return audiovideo_formats[format_idx]
-            # for audio only (soundcloud) or video only (imgur) urls, select the best/worst audio format
-            elif (all(f.get('acodec') != 'none' for f in available_formats) or
-                  all(f.get('vcodec') != 'none' for f in available_formats)):
-                return available_formats[format_idx]
-        elif format_spec == 'bestaudio':
-            audio_formats = [
-                f for f in available_formats
-                if f.get('vcodec') == 'none']
-            if audio_formats:
-                return audio_formats[-1]
-        elif format_spec == 'worstaudio':
-            audio_formats = [
-                f for f in available_formats
-                if f.get('vcodec') == 'none']
-            if audio_formats:
-                return audio_formats[0]
-        elif format_spec == 'bestvideo':
-            video_formats = [
-                f for f in available_formats
-                if f.get('acodec') == 'none']
-            if video_formats:
-                return video_formats[-1]
-        elif format_spec == 'worstvideo':
-            video_formats = [
-                f for f in available_formats
-                if f.get('acodec') == 'none']
-            if video_formats:
-                return video_formats[0]
-        else:
-            extensions = ['mp4', 'flv', 'webm', '3gp', 'm4a', 'mp3', 'ogg', 'aac', 'wav']
-            if format_spec in extensions:
-                filter_f = lambda f: f['ext'] == format_spec
-            else:
-                filter_f = lambda f: f['format_id'] == format_spec
-            matches = list(filter(filter_f, available_formats))
-            if matches:
-                return matches[-1]
-        return None
+        stream = io.BytesIO(format_spec.encode('utf-8'))
+        tokens = compat_tokenize_tokenize(stream.readline)
+        parsed_selector = _parse_format_selection(tokens)
+        return _build_selector_function(parsed_selector)
 
     def _calc_headers(self, info_dict):
         res = std_headers.copy()
@@ -1112,52 +1230,8 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
         if req_format == 'all':
             formats_to_download = formats
         else:
-            for rfstr in req_format.split(','):
-                # We can accept formats requested in the format: 34/5/best, we pick
-                # the first that is available, starting from left
-                req_formats = rfstr.split('/')
-                for rf in req_formats:
-                    if re.match(r'.+?\+.+?', rf) is not None:
-                        # Two formats have been requested like '137+139'
-                        format_1, format_2 = rf.split('+')
-                        formats_info = (self.select_format(format_1, formats),
-                                        self.select_format(format_2, formats))
-                        if all(formats_info):
-                            # The first format must contain the video and the
-                            # second the audio
-                            if formats_info[0].get('vcodec') == 'none':
-                                self.report_error('The first format must '
-                                                  'contain the video, try using '
-                                                  '"-f %s+%s"' % (format_2, format_1))
-                                return
-                            output_ext = (
-                                formats_info[0]['ext']
-                                if self.params.get('merge_output_format') is None
-                                else self.params['merge_output_format'])
-                            selected_format = {
-                                'requested_formats': formats_info,
-                                'format': '%s+%s' % (formats_info[0].get('format'),
-                                                     formats_info[1].get('format')),
-                                'format_id': '%s+%s' % (formats_info[0].get('format_id'),
-                                                        formats_info[1].get('format_id')),
-                                'width': formats_info[0].get('width'),
-                                'height': formats_info[0].get('height'),
-                                'resolution': formats_info[0].get('resolution'),
-                                'fps': formats_info[0].get('fps'),
-                                'vcodec': formats_info[0].get('vcodec'),
-                                'vbr': formats_info[0].get('vbr'),
-                                'stretched_ratio': formats_info[0].get('stretched_ratio'),
-                                'acodec': formats_info[1].get('acodec'),
-                                'abr': formats_info[1].get('abr'),
-                                'ext': output_ext,
-                            }
-                        else:
-                            selected_format = None
-                    else:
-                        selected_format = self.select_format(rf, formats)
-                    if selected_format is not None:
-                        formats_to_download.append(selected_format)
-                        break
+            format_selector = self.build_format_selector(req_format)
+            formats_to_download = list(format_selector(formats))
         if not formats_to_download:
             raise ExtractorError('requested format not available',
                                  expected=True)
diff --git a/youtube_dl/compat.py b/youtube_dl/compat.py
index f9529210d..bc218dd71 100644
--- a/youtube_dl/compat.py
+++ b/youtube_dl/compat.py
@@ -388,6 +388,10 @@ else:
             pass
         return _terminal_size(columns, lines)
 
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 0):
+    from tokenize import tokenize as compat_tokenize_tokenize
+else:
+    from tokenize import generate_tokens as compat_tokenize_tokenize
 
 __all__ = [
     'compat_HTTPError',
@@ -408,6 +412,7 @@ __all__ = [
     'compat_socket_create_connection',
     'compat_str',
     'compat_subprocess_get_DEVNULL',
+    'compat_tokenize_tokenize',
     'compat_urllib_error',
     'compat_urllib_parse',
     'compat_urllib_parse_unquote',