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# selenium-webdriver
Selenium is a browser automation library. Most often used for testing
web-applications, Selenium may be used for any task that requires automating
interaction with the browser.
## Installation
Selenium may be installed via npm with
npm install selenium-webdriver
You will need to download additional components to work with each of the major
browsers. The drivers for Chrome, Firefox, PhantomJS, Opera, and
Microsoft's IE and Edge web browsers are all standalone executables that should
be placed on your system [PATH]. Apple's safaridriver is shipped with
Safari 10 for OS X El Capitan and macOS Sierra. You will need to enable Remote
Automation in the Develop menu of Safari 10 before testing.
> **NOTE:** Mozilla's [geckodriver] is only required for Firefox 47+.
> Everything you need for Firefox 38-46 is included with this package.
| Browser | Component |
| ----------------- | ---------------------------------- |
| Chrome | [chromedriver(.exe)][chrome] |
| Internet Explorer | [IEDriverServer.exe][release] |
| Edge | [MicrosoftWebDriver.msi][edge] |
| Firefox 47+ | [geckodriver(.exe)][geckodriver] |
| PhantomJS | [phantomjs(.exe)][phantomjs] |
| Opera | [operadriver(.exe)][opera] |
| Safari | [safaridriver] |
## Usage
The sample below and others are included in the `example` directory. You may
also find the tests for selenium-webdriver informative.
var webdriver = require('selenium-webdriver'),
By = webdriver.By,
until = webdriver.until;
var driver = new webdriver.Builder()
.forBrowser('firefox')
.build();
driver.get('http://www.google.com/ncr');
driver.findElement(By.name('q')).sendKeys('webdriver');
driver.findElement(By.name('btnG')).click();
driver.wait(until.titleIs('webdriver - Google Search'), 1000);
driver.quit();
### Using the Builder API
The `Builder` class is your one-stop shop for configuring new WebDriver
instances. Rather than clutter your code with branches for the various browsers,
the builder lets you set all options in one flow. When you call
`Builder#build()`, all options irrelevant to the selected browser are dropped:
var webdriver = require('selenium-webdriver'),
chrome = require('selenium-webdriver/chrome'),
firefox = require('selenium-webdriver/firefox');
var driver = new webdriver.Builder()
.forBrowser('firefox')
.setChromeOptions(/* ... */)
.setFirefoxOptions(/* ... */)
.build();
Why would you want to configure options irrelevant to the target browser? The
`Builder`'s API defines your _default_ configuration. You can change the target
browser at runtime through the `SELENIUM_BROWSER` environment variable. For
example, the `example/google_search.js` script is configured to run against
Firefox. You can run the example against other browsers just by changing the
runtime environment
# cd node_modules/selenium-webdriver
node example/google_search
SELENIUM_BROWSER=chrome node example/google_search
SELENIUM_BROWSER=safari node example/google_search
### The Standalone Selenium Server
The standalone Selenium Server acts as a proxy between your script and the
browser-specific drivers. The server may be used when running locally, but it's
not recommend as it introduces an extra hop for each request and will slow
things down. The server is required, however, to use a browser on a remote host
(most browser drivers, like the IEDriverServer, do not accept remote
connections).
To use the Selenium Server, you will need to install the
[JDK](http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html) and
download the latest server from [Selenium][release]. Once downloaded, run the
server with
java -jar selenium-server-standalone-2.45.0.jar
You may configure your tests to run against a remote server through the Builder
API:
var driver = new webdriver.Builder()
.forBrowser('firefox')
.usingServer('http://localhost:4444/wd/hub')
.build();
Or change the Builder's configuration at runtime with the `SELENIUM_REMOTE_URL`
environment variable:
SELENIUM_REMOTE_URL="http://localhost:4444/wd/hub" node script.js
You can experiment with these options using the `example/google_search.js`
script provided with `selenium-webdriver`.
## Documentation
API documentation is available online from the [Selenium project][api].
Additional resources include
- the #selenium channel on freenode IRC
- the [selenium-users@googlegroups.com][users] list
- [SeleniumHQ](http://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/) documentation
## Contributing
Contributions are accepted either through [GitHub][gh] pull requests or patches
via the [Selenium issue tracker][issues]. You must sign our
[Contributor License Agreement][cla] before your changes will be accepted.
## Node Support Policy
Each version of selenium-webdriver will support the latest _semver-minor_
version of the [LTS] and stable Node releases. All _semver-major_ &
_semver-minor_ versions between the LTS and stable release will have "best
effort" support. Following a Selenium release, any _semver-minor_ Node releases
will also have "best effort" support. Releases older than the latest LTS,
_semver-major_ releases, and all unstable release branches (e.g. "v.Next")
are considered strictly unsupported.
For example, suppose the current LTS and stable releases are v4.2.4 and v5.4.1,
respectively. Then a Selenium release would have the following support levels:
| Version | Support |
| ------- | ------------- |
| <= 4.1 | _unsupported_ |
| 4.2 | supported |
| 5.0-3 | best effort |
| 5.4 | supported |
| >= 5.5 | best effort |
| v.Next | _unsupported_ |
### Support Level Definitions
- _supported:_ A selenium-webdriver release will be API compatible with the
platform API, without the use of runtime flags.
- _best effort:_ Bugs will be investigated as time permits. API compatibility is
only guaranteed where required by a _supported_ release. This effectively
means the adoption of new JS features, such as ES2015 modules, will depend
on what is supported in Node's LTS.
- _unsupported:_ Bug submissions will be closed as will-not-fix and API
compatibility is not guaranteed.
### Projected Support Schedule
If Node releases a new [LTS] each October and a new major version every 6
months, the support window for selenium-webdriver will be roughly:
| Date | LTS | Stable |
| --------- | ---: | -----: |
| (current) | 4.2 | 5.0 |
| 2016-04 | 4.2 | 6.0 |
| 2016-10 | 6.0 | 7.0 |
| 2017-04 | 6.0 | 8.0 |
| 2017-10 | 8.0 | 9.0 |
## Issues
Please report any issues using the [Selenium issue tracker][issues]. When using
the issue tracker
- __Do__ include a detailed description of the problem.
- __Do__ include a link to a [gist](http://gist.github.com/) with any
interesting stack traces/logs (you may also attach these directly to the bug
report).
- __Do__ include a [reduced test case][reduction]. Reporting "unable to find
element on the page" is _not_ a valid report - there's nothing for us to
look into. Expect your bug report to be closed if you do not provide enough
information for us to investigate.
- __Do not__ use the issue tracker to submit basic help requests. All help
inquiries should be directed to the [user forum][users] or #selenium IRC
channel.
- __Do not__ post empty "I see this too" or "Any updates?" comments. These
provide no additional information and clutter the log.
- __Do not__ report regressions on closed bugs as they are not actively
monitored for upates (especially bugs that are >6 months old). Please open a
new issue and reference the original bug in your report.
## License
Licensed to the Software Freedom Conservancy (SFC) under one
or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
distributed with this work for additional information
regarding copyright ownership. The SFC licenses this file
to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
"License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
software distributed under the License is distributed on an
"AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
specific language governing permissions and limitations
under the License.
[LTS]: https://github.com/nodejs/LTS
[PATH]: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PATH_%28variable%29
[api]: http://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/javascript/module/selenium-webdriver/
[cla]: http://goo.gl/qC50R
[chrome]: http://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/index.html
[gh]: https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/
[issues]: https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/issues
[opera]: https://github.com/operasoftware/operachromiumdriver/releases
[phantomjs]: http://phantomjs.org/
[edge]: http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=619687
[geckodriver]: https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/releases/
[reduction]: http://www.webkit.org/quality/reduction.html
[release]: http://selenium-release.storage.googleapis.com/index.html
[users]: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/selenium-users
[safaridriver]: https://developer.apple.com/library/prerelease/content/releasenotes/General/WhatsNewInSafari/Articles/Safari_10_0.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40014305-CH11-DontLinkElementID_28
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