database access refactor

18 files changed, 2489 insertions, 1945 deletions

diff --git a/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/backup/export.ts b/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/backup/export.ts
index fa0af1b07..a6b2ff2a7 100644
--- a/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/backup/export.ts
+++ b/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/backup/export.ts
@@ -57,7 +57,6 @@ import {
 } from "./state";
 import { Amounts, getTimestampNow } from "@gnu-taler/taler-util";
 import {
-  Stores,
   CoinSourceType,
   CoinStatus,
   RefundState,
@@ -66,29 +65,28 @@ import {
 } from "../../db.js";
 import { encodeCrock, stringToBytes, getRandomBytes } from "../../index.js";
 import { canonicalizeBaseUrl, canonicalJson } from "@gnu-taler/taler-util";
-import { getExchangeDetails } from "../exchanges.js";
 
 export async function exportBackup(
   ws: InternalWalletState,
 ): Promise<WalletBackupContentV1> {
   await provideBackupState(ws);
-  return ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction(
-    [
-      Stores.config,
-      Stores.exchanges,
-      Stores.exchangeDetails,
-      Stores.coins,
-      Stores.denominations,
-      Stores.purchases,
-      Stores.proposals,
-      Stores.refreshGroups,
-      Stores.backupProviders,
-      Stores.tips,
-      Stores.recoupGroups,
-      Stores.reserves,
-      Stores.withdrawalGroups,
-    ],
-    async (tx) => {
+  return ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      config: x.config,
+      exchanges: x.exchanges,
+      exchangeDetails: x.exchangeDetails,
+      coins: x.coins,
+      denominations: x.denominations,
+      purchases: x.purchases,
+      proposals: x.proposals,
+      refreshGroups: x.refreshGroups,
+      backupProviders: x.backupProviders,
+      tips: x.tips,
+      recoupGroups: x.recoupGroups,
+      reserves: x.reserves,
+      withdrawalGroups: x.withdrawalGroups,
+    }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
       const bs = await getWalletBackupState(ws, tx);
 
       const backupExchangeDetails: BackupExchangeDetails[] = [];
@@ -108,7 +106,7 @@ export async function exportBackup(
         [reservePub: string]: BackupWithdrawalGroup[];
       } = {};
 
-      await tx.iter(Stores.withdrawalGroups).forEachAsync(async (wg) => {
+      await tx.withdrawalGroups.iter().forEachAsync(async (wg) => {
         const withdrawalGroups = (withdrawalGroupsByReserve[
           wg.reservePub
         ] ??= []);
@@ -126,7 +124,7 @@ export async function exportBackup(
         });
       });
 
-      await tx.iter(Stores.reserves).forEach((reserve) => {
+      await tx.reserves.iter().forEach((reserve) => {
         const backupReserve: BackupReserve = {
           initial_selected_denoms: reserve.initialDenomSel.selectedDenoms.map(
             (x) => ({
@@ -149,7 +147,7 @@ export async function exportBackup(
         backupReserves.push(backupReserve);
       });
 
-      await tx.iter(Stores.tips).forEach((tip) => {
+      await tx.tips.iter().forEach((tip) => {
         backupTips.push({
           exchange_base_url: tip.exchangeBaseUrl,
           merchant_base_url: tip.merchantBaseUrl,
@@ -169,7 +167,7 @@ export async function exportBackup(
         });
       });
 
-      await tx.iter(Stores.recoupGroups).forEach((recoupGroup) => {
+      await tx.recoupGroups.iter().forEach((recoupGroup) => {
         backupRecoupGroups.push({
           recoup_group_id: recoupGroup.recoupGroupId,
           timestamp_created: recoupGroup.timestampStarted,
@@ -182,7 +180,7 @@ export async function exportBackup(
         });
       });
 
-      await tx.iter(Stores.backupProviders).forEach((bp) => {
+      await tx.backupProviders.iter().forEach((bp) => {
         let terms: BackupBackupProviderTerms | undefined;
         if (bp.terms) {
           terms = {
@@ -199,7 +197,7 @@ export async function exportBackup(
         });
       });
 
-      await tx.iter(Stores.coins).forEach((coin) => {
+      await tx.coins.iter().forEach((coin) => {
         let bcs: BackupCoinSource;
         switch (coin.coinSource.type) {
           case CoinSourceType.Refresh:
@@ -236,7 +234,7 @@ export async function exportBackup(
         });
       });
 
-      await tx.iter(Stores.denominations).forEach((denom) => {
+      await tx.denominations.iter().forEach((denom) => {
         const backupDenoms = (backupDenominationsByExchange[
           denom.exchangeBaseUrl
         ] ??= []);
@@ -258,7 +256,7 @@ export async function exportBackup(
         });
       });
 
-      await tx.iter(Stores.exchanges).forEachAsync(async (ex) => {
+      await tx.exchanges.iter().forEachAsync(async (ex) => {
         const dp = ex.detailsPointer;
         if (!dp) {
           return;
@@ -271,7 +269,7 @@ export async function exportBackup(
         });
       });
 
-      await tx.iter(Stores.exchangeDetails).forEachAsync(async (ex) => {
+      await tx.exchangeDetails.iter().forEachAsync(async (ex) => {
         // Only back up permanently added exchanges.
 
         const wi = ex.wireInfo;
@@ -323,7 +321,7 @@ export async function exportBackup(
 
       const purchaseProposalIdSet = new Set<string>();
 
-      await tx.iter(Stores.purchases).forEach((purch) => {
+      await tx.purchases.iter().forEach((purch) => {
         const refunds: BackupRefundItem[] = [];
         purchaseProposalIdSet.add(purch.proposalId);
         for (const refundKey of Object.keys(purch.refunds)) {
@@ -376,7 +374,7 @@ export async function exportBackup(
         });
       });
 
-      await tx.iter(Stores.proposals).forEach((prop) => {
+      await tx.proposals.iter().forEach((prop) => {
         if (purchaseProposalIdSet.has(prop.proposalId)) {
           return;
         }
@@ -413,7 +411,7 @@ export async function exportBackup(
         });
       });
 
-      await tx.iter(Stores.refreshGroups).forEach((rg) => {
+      await tx.refreshGroups.iter().forEach((rg) => {
         const oldCoins: BackupRefreshOldCoin[] = [];
 
         for (let i = 0; i < rg.oldCoinPubs.length; i++) {
@@ -482,13 +480,12 @@ export async function exportBackup(
           hash(stringToBytes(canonicalJson(backupBlob))),
         );
         bs.lastBackupNonce = encodeCrock(getRandomBytes(32));
-        await tx.put(Stores.config, {
+        await tx.config.put({
           key: WALLET_BACKUP_STATE_KEY,
           value: bs,
         });
       }
 
       return backupBlob;
-    },
-  );
+    });
 }
diff --git a/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/backup/import.ts b/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/backup/import.ts
index 74b7a3b59..e024b76ab 100644
--- a/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/backup/import.ts
+++ b/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/backup/import.ts
@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@ import {
   BackupRefreshReason,
 } from "@gnu-taler/taler-util";
 import {
-  Stores,
   WalletContractData,
   DenomSelectionState,
   ExchangeUpdateStatus,
@@ -46,8 +45,8 @@ import {
   AbortStatus,
   RefreshSessionRecord,
   WireInfo,
+  WalletStoresV1,
 } from "../../db.js";
-import { TransactionHandle } from "../../index.js";
 import { PayCoinSelection } from "../../util/coinSelection";
 import { j2s } from "@gnu-taler/taler-util";
 import { checkDbInvariant, checkLogicInvariant } from "../../util/invariants";
@@ -57,6 +56,7 @@ import { InternalWalletState } from "../state";
 import { provideBackupState } from "./state";
 import { makeEventId, TombstoneTag } from "../transactions.js";
 import { getExchangeDetails } from "../exchanges.js";
+import { GetReadOnlyAccess, GetReadWriteAccess } from "../../util/query.js";
 
 const logger = new Logger("operations/backup/import.ts");
 
@@ -74,9 +74,12 @@ function checkBackupInvariant(b: boolean, m?: string): asserts b {
  * Re-compute information about the coin selection for a payment.
  */
 async function recoverPayCoinSelection(
-  tx: TransactionHandle<
-    typeof Stores.exchanges | typeof Stores.coins | typeof Stores.denominations
-  >,
+  tx: GetReadWriteAccess<{
+    exchanges: typeof WalletStoresV1.exchanges;
+    exchangeDetails: typeof WalletStoresV1.exchangeDetails;
+    coins: typeof WalletStoresV1.coins;
+    denominations: typeof WalletStoresV1.denominations;
+  }>,
   contractData: WalletContractData,
   backupPurchase: BackupPurchase,
 ): Promise<PayCoinSelection> {
@@ -93,9 +96,9 @@ async function recoverPayCoinSelection(
   );
 
   for (const coinPub of coinPubs) {
-    const coinRecord = await tx.get(Stores.coins, coinPub);
+    const coinRecord = await tx.coins.get(coinPub);
     checkBackupInvariant(!!coinRecord);
-    const denom = await tx.get(Stores.denominations, [
+    const denom = await tx.denominations.get([
       coinRecord.exchangeBaseUrl,
       coinRecord.denomPubHash,
     ]);
@@ -154,11 +157,11 @@ async function recoverPayCoinSelection(
 }
 
 async function getDenomSelStateFromBackup(
-  tx: TransactionHandle<typeof Stores.denominations>,
+  tx: GetReadOnlyAccess<{ denominations: typeof WalletStoresV1.denominations }>,
   exchangeBaseUrl: string,
   sel: BackupDenomSel,
 ): Promise<DenomSelectionState> {
-  const d0 = await tx.get(Stores.denominations, [
+  const d0 = await tx.denominations.get([
     exchangeBaseUrl,
     sel[0].denom_pub_hash,
   ]);
@@ -170,10 +173,7 @@ async function getDenomSelStateFromBackup(
   let totalCoinValue = Amounts.getZero(d0.value.currency);
   let totalWithdrawCost = Amounts.getZero(d0.value.currency);
   for (const s of sel) {
-    const d = await tx.get(Stores.denominations, [
-      exchangeBaseUrl,
-      s.denom_pub_hash,
-    ]);
+    const d = await tx.denominations.get([exchangeBaseUrl, s.denom_pub_hash]);
     checkBackupInvariant(!!d);
     totalCoinValue = Amounts.add(totalCoinValue, d.value).amount;
     totalWithdrawCost = Amounts.add(totalWithdrawCost, d.value, d.feeWithdraw)
@@ -215,32 +215,32 @@ export async function importBackup(
 
   logger.info(`importing backup ${j2s(backupBlobArg)}`);
 
-  return ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction(
-    [
-      Stores.config,
-      Stores.exchanges,
-      Stores.exchangeDetails,
-      Stores.coins,
-      Stores.denominations,
-      Stores.purchases,
-      Stores.proposals,
-      Stores.refreshGroups,
-      Stores.backupProviders,
-      Stores.tips,
-      Stores.recoupGroups,
-      Stores.reserves,
-      Stores.withdrawalGroups,
-      Stores.tombstones,
-      Stores.depositGroups,
-    ],
-    async (tx) => {
+  return ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      config: x.config,
+      exchanges: x.exchanges,
+      exchangeDetails: x.exchangeDetails,
+      coins: x.coins,
+      denominations: x.denominations,
+      purchases: x.purchases,
+      proposals: x.proposals,
+      refreshGroups: x.refreshGroups,
+      backupProviders: x.backupProviders,
+      tips: x.tips,
+      recoupGroups: x.recoupGroups,
+      reserves: x.reserves,
+      withdrawalGroups: x.withdrawalGroups,
+      tombstones: x.tombstones,
+      depositGroups: x.depositGroups,
+    }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
       // FIXME: validate schema!
       const backupBlob = backupBlobArg as WalletBackupContentV1;
 
       // FIXME: validate version
 
       for (const tombstone of backupBlob.tombstones) {
-        await tx.put(Stores.tombstones, {
+        await tx.tombstones.put({
           id: tombstone,
         });
       }
@@ -250,14 +250,13 @@ export async function importBackup(
       // FIXME:  Validate that the "details pointer" is correct
 
       for (const backupExchange of backupBlob.exchanges) {
-        const existingExchange = await tx.get(
-          Stores.exchanges,
+        const existingExchange = await tx.exchanges.get(
           backupExchange.base_url,
         );
         if (existingExchange) {
           continue;
         }
-        await tx.put(Stores.exchanges, {
+        await tx.exchanges.put({
           baseUrl: backupExchange.base_url,
           detailsPointer: {
             currency: backupExchange.currency,
@@ -272,7 +271,7 @@ export async function importBackup(
       }
 
       for (const backupExchangeDetails of backupBlob.exchange_details) {
-        const existingExchangeDetails = await tx.get(Stores.exchangeDetails, [
+        const existingExchangeDetails = await tx.exchangeDetails.get([
           backupExchangeDetails.base_url,
           backupExchangeDetails.currency,
           backupExchangeDetails.master_public_key,
@@ -296,7 +295,7 @@ export async function importBackup(
               wireFee: Amounts.parseOrThrow(fee.wire_fee),
             });
           }
-          await tx.put(Stores.exchangeDetails, {
+          await tx.exchangeDetails.put({
             exchangeBaseUrl: backupExchangeDetails.base_url,
             termsOfServiceAcceptedEtag: backupExchangeDetails.tos_etag_accepted,
             termsOfServiceText: undefined,
@@ -327,7 +326,7 @@ export async function importBackup(
           const denomPubHash =
             cryptoComp.denomPubToHash[backupDenomination.denom_pub];
           checkLogicInvariant(!!denomPubHash);
-          const existingDenom = await tx.get(Stores.denominations, [
+          const existingDenom = await tx.denominations.get([
             backupExchangeDetails.base_url,
             denomPubHash,
           ]);
@@ -336,7 +335,7 @@ export async function importBackup(
               `importing backup denomination: ${j2s(backupDenomination)}`,
             );
 
-            await tx.put(Stores.denominations, {
+            await tx.denominations.put({
               denomPub: backupDenomination.denom_pub,
               denomPubHash: denomPubHash,
               exchangeBaseUrl: backupExchangeDetails.base_url,
@@ -361,7 +360,7 @@ export async function importBackup(
             const compCoin =
               cryptoComp.coinPrivToCompletedCoin[backupCoin.coin_priv];
             checkLogicInvariant(!!compCoin);
-            const existingCoin = await tx.get(Stores.coins, compCoin.coinPub);
+            const existingCoin = await tx.coins.get(compCoin.coinPub);
             if (!existingCoin) {
               let coinSource: CoinSource;
               switch (backupCoin.coin_source.type) {
@@ -388,7 +387,7 @@ export async function importBackup(
                   };
                   break;
               }
-              await tx.put(Stores.coins, {
+              await tx.coins.put({
                 blindingKey: backupCoin.blinding_key,
                 coinEvHash: compCoin.coinEvHash,
                 coinPriv: backupCoin.coin_priv,
@@ -416,7 +415,7 @@ export async function importBackup(
             continue;
           }
           checkLogicInvariant(!!reservePub);
-          const existingReserve = await tx.get(Stores.reserves, reservePub);
+          const existingReserve = await tx.reserves.get(reservePub);
           const instructedAmount = Amounts.parseOrThrow(
             backupReserve.instructed_amount,
           );
@@ -429,7 +428,7 @@ export async function importBackup(
                 confirmUrl: backupReserve.bank_info.confirm_url,
               };
             }
-            await tx.put(Stores.reserves, {
+            await tx.reserves.put({
               currency: instructedAmount.currency,
               instructedAmount,
               exchangeBaseUrl: backupExchangeDetails.base_url,
@@ -467,12 +466,11 @@ export async function importBackup(
             if (tombstoneSet.has(ts)) {
               continue;
             }
-            const existingWg = await tx.get(
-              Stores.withdrawalGroups,
+            const existingWg = await tx.withdrawalGroups.get(
               backupWg.withdrawal_group_id,
             );
             if (!existingWg) {
-              await tx.put(Stores.withdrawalGroups, {
+              await tx.withdrawalGroups.put({
                 denomsSel: await getDenomSelStateFromBackup(
                   tx,
                   backupExchangeDetails.base_url,
@@ -504,8 +502,7 @@ export async function importBackup(
         if (tombstoneSet.has(ts)) {
           continue;
         }
-        const existingProposal = await tx.get(
-          Stores.proposals,
+        const existingProposal = await tx.proposals.get(
           backupProposal.proposal_id,
         );
         if (!existingProposal) {
@@ -584,7 +581,7 @@ export async function importBackup(
               contractTermsRaw: backupProposal.contract_terms_raw,
             };
           }
-          await tx.put(Stores.proposals, {
+          await tx.proposals.put({
             claimToken: backupProposal.claim_token,
             lastError: undefined,
             merchantBaseUrl: backupProposal.merchant_base_url,
@@ -610,17 +607,16 @@ export async function importBackup(
         if (tombstoneSet.has(ts)) {
           continue;
         }
-        const existingPurchase = await tx.get(
-          Stores.purchases,
+        const existingPurchase = await tx.purchases.get(
           backupPurchase.proposal_id,
         );
         if (!existingPurchase) {
           const refunds: { [refundKey: string]: WalletRefundItem } = {};
           for (const backupRefund of backupPurchase.refunds) {
             const key = `${backupRefund.coin_pub}-${backupRefund.rtransaction_id}`;
-            const coin = await tx.get(Stores.coins, backupRefund.coin_pub);
+            const coin = await tx.coins.get(backupRefund.coin_pub);
             checkBackupInvariant(!!coin);
-            const denom = await tx.get(Stores.denominations, [
+            const denom = await tx.denominations.get([
               coin.exchangeBaseUrl,
               coin.denomPubHash,
             ]);
@@ -724,7 +720,7 @@ export async function importBackup(
             },
             contractTermsRaw: backupPurchase.contract_terms_raw,
           };
-          await tx.put(Stores.purchases, {
+          await tx.purchases.put({
             proposalId: backupPurchase.proposal_id,
             noncePriv: backupPurchase.nonce_priv,
             noncePub:
@@ -766,8 +762,7 @@ export async function importBackup(
         if (tombstoneSet.has(ts)) {
           continue;
         }
-        const existingRg = await tx.get(
-          Stores.refreshGroups,
+        const existingRg = await tx.refreshGroups.get(
           backupRefreshGroup.refresh_group_id,
         );
         if (!existingRg) {
@@ -800,7 +795,7 @@ export async function importBackup(
             | undefined
           )[] = [];
           for (const oldCoin of backupRefreshGroup.old_coins) {
-            const c = await tx.get(Stores.coins, oldCoin.coin_pub);
+            const c = await tx.coins.get(oldCoin.coin_pub);
             checkBackupInvariant(!!c);
             if (oldCoin.refresh_session) {
               const denomSel = await getDenomSelStateFromBackup(
@@ -821,7 +816,7 @@ export async function importBackup(
               refreshSessionPerCoin.push(undefined);
             }
           }
-          await tx.put(Stores.refreshGroups, {
+          await tx.refreshGroups.put({
             timestampFinished: backupRefreshGroup.timestamp_finish,
             timestampCreated: backupRefreshGroup.timestamp_created,
             refreshGroupId: backupRefreshGroup.refresh_group_id,
@@ -849,14 +844,14 @@ export async function importBackup(
         if (tombstoneSet.has(ts)) {
           continue;
         }
-        const existingTip = await tx.get(Stores.tips, backupTip.wallet_tip_id);
+        const existingTip = await tx.tips.get(backupTip.wallet_tip_id);
         if (!existingTip) {
           const denomsSel = await getDenomSelStateFromBackup(
             tx,
             backupTip.exchange_base_url,
             backupTip.selected_denoms,
           );
-          await tx.put(Stores.tips, {
+          await tx.tips.put({
             acceptedTimestamp: backupTip.timestamp_accepted,
             createdTimestamp: backupTip.timestamp_created,
             denomsSel,
@@ -884,27 +879,26 @@ export async function importBackup(
       for (const tombstone of backupBlob.tombstones) {
         const [type, ...rest] = tombstone.split(":");
         if (type === TombstoneTag.DeleteDepositGroup) {
-          await tx.delete(Stores.depositGroups, rest[0]);
+          await tx.depositGroups.delete(rest[0]);
         } else if (type === TombstoneTag.DeletePayment) {
-          await tx.delete(Stores.purchases, rest[0]);
-          await tx.delete(Stores.proposals, rest[0]);
+          await tx.purchases.delete(rest[0]);
+          await tx.proposals.delete(rest[0]);
         } else if (type === TombstoneTag.DeleteRefreshGroup) {
-          await tx.delete(Stores.refreshGroups, rest[0]);
+          await tx.refreshGroups.delete(rest[0]);
         } else if (type === TombstoneTag.DeleteRefund) {
           // Nothing required, will just prevent display
           // in the transactions list
         } else if (type === TombstoneTag.DeleteReserve) {
           // FIXME:  Once we also have account (=kyc) reserves,
           // we need to check if the reserve is an account before deleting here
-          await tx.delete(Stores.reserves, rest[0]);
+          await tx.reserves.delete(rest[0]);
         } else if (type === TombstoneTag.DeleteTip) {
-          await tx.delete(Stores.tips, rest[0]);
+          await tx.tips.delete(rest[0]);
         } else if (type === TombstoneTag.DeleteWithdrawalGroup) {
-          await tx.delete(Stores.withdrawalGroups, rest[0]);
+          await tx.withdrawalGroups.delete(rest[0]);
         } else {
           logger.warn(`unable to process tombstone of type '${type}'`);
         }
       }
-    },
-  );
+    });
 }
diff --git a/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/backup/index.ts b/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/backup/index.ts
index 743314791..bb067dfb5 100644
--- a/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/backup/index.ts
+++ b/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/backup/index.ts
@@ -35,7 +35,6 @@ import {
   BackupProviderRecord,
   BackupProviderTerms,
   ConfigRecord,
-  Stores,
 } from "../../db.js";
 import { checkDbInvariant, checkLogicInvariant } from "../../util/invariants";
 import {
@@ -312,18 +311,17 @@ async function runBackupCycleForProvider(
 
     // FIXME: check if the provider is overcharging us!
 
-    await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction(
-      [Stores.backupProviders],
-      async (tx) => {
-        const provRec = await tx.get(Stores.backupProviders, provider.baseUrl);
+    await ws.db
+      .mktx((x) => ({ backupProviders: x.backupProviders }))
+      .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+        const provRec = await tx.backupProviders.get(provider.baseUrl);
         checkDbInvariant(!!provRec);
         const ids = new Set(provRec.paymentProposalIds);
         ids.add(proposalId);
         provRec.paymentProposalIds = Array.from(ids).sort();
         provRec.currentPaymentProposalId = proposalId;
-        await tx.put(Stores.backupProviders, provRec);
-      },
-    );
+        await tx.backupProviders.put(provRec);
+      });
 
     if (doPay) {
       const confirmRes = await confirmPay(ws, proposalId);
@@ -344,19 +342,18 @@ async function runBackupCycleForProvider(
   }
 
   if (resp.status === HttpResponseStatus.NoContent) {
-    await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction(
-      [Stores.backupProviders],
-      async (tx) => {
-        const prov = await tx.get(Stores.backupProviders, provider.baseUrl);
+    await ws.db
+      .mktx((x) => ({ backupProviders: x.backupProviders }))
+      .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+        const prov = await tx.backupProviders.get(provider.baseUrl);
         if (!prov) {
           return;
         }
         prov.lastBackupHash = encodeCrock(currentBackupHash);
         prov.lastBackupTimestamp = getTimestampNow();
         prov.lastError = undefined;
-        await tx.put(Stores.backupProviders, prov);
-      },
-    );
+        await tx.backupProviders.put(prov);
+      });
     return;
   }
 
@@ -367,19 +364,18 @@ async function runBackupCycleForProvider(
     const blob = await decryptBackup(backupConfig, backupEnc);
     const cryptoData = await computeBackupCryptoData(ws.cryptoApi, blob);
     await importBackup(ws, blob, cryptoData);
-    await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction(
-      [Stores.backupProviders],
-      async (tx) => {
-        const prov = await tx.get(Stores.backupProviders, provider.baseUrl);
+    await ws.db
+      .mktx((x) => ({ backupProvider: x.backupProviders }))
+      .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+        const prov = await tx.backupProvider.get(provider.baseUrl);
         if (!prov) {
           return;
         }
         prov.lastBackupHash = encodeCrock(hash(backupEnc));
         prov.lastBackupTimestamp = getTimestampNow();
         prov.lastError = undefined;
-        await tx.put(Stores.backupProviders, prov);
-      },
-    );
+        await tx.backupProvider.put(prov);
+      });
     logger.info("processed existing backup");
     return;
   }
@@ -390,14 +386,16 @@ async function runBackupCycleForProvider(
 
   const err = await readTalerErrorResponse(resp);
   logger.error(`got error response from backup provider: ${j2s(err)}`);
-  await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction([Stores.backupProviders], async (tx) => {
-    const prov = await tx.get(Stores.backupProviders, provider.baseUrl);
-    if (!prov) {
-      return;
-    }
-    prov.lastError = err;
-    await tx.put(Stores.backupProviders, prov);
-  });
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({ backupProvider: x.backupProviders }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const prov = await tx.backupProvider.get(provider.baseUrl);
+      if (!prov) {
+        return;
+      }
+      prov.lastError = err;
+      await tx.backupProvider.put(prov);
+    });
 }
 
 /**
@@ -408,7 +406,11 @@ async function runBackupCycleForProvider(
  * 3. Upload the updated backup blob.
  */
 export async function runBackupCycle(ws: InternalWalletState): Promise<void> {
-  const providers = await ws.db.iter(Stores.backupProviders).toArray();
+  const providers = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({ backupProviders: x.backupProviders }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      return await tx.backupProviders.iter().toArray();
+    });
   logger.trace("got backup providers", providers);
   const backupJson = await exportBackup(ws);
 
@@ -472,35 +474,43 @@ export async function addBackupProvider(
   logger.info(`adding backup provider ${j2s(req)}`);
   await provideBackupState(ws);
   const canonUrl = canonicalizeBaseUrl(req.backupProviderBaseUrl);
-  const oldProv = await ws.db.get(Stores.backupProviders, canonUrl);
-  if (oldProv) {
-    logger.info("old backup provider found");
-    if (req.activate) {
-      oldProv.active = true;
-      logger.info("setting existing backup provider to active");
-      await ws.db.put(Stores.backupProviders, oldProv);
-    }
-    return;
-  }
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({ backupProviders: x.backupProviders }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const oldProv = await tx.backupProviders.get(canonUrl);
+      if (oldProv) {
+        logger.info("old backup provider found");
+        if (req.activate) {
+          oldProv.active = true;
+          logger.info("setting existing backup provider to active");
+          await tx.backupProviders.put(oldProv);
+        }
+        return;
+      }
+    });
   const termsUrl = new URL("terms", canonUrl);
   const resp = await ws.http.get(termsUrl.href);
   const terms = await readSuccessResponseJsonOrThrow(
     resp,
     codecForSyncTermsOfServiceResponse(),
   );
-  await ws.db.put(Stores.backupProviders, {
-    active: !!req.activate,
-    terms: {
-      annualFee: terms.annual_fee,
-      storageLimitInMegabytes: terms.storage_limit_in_megabytes,
-      supportedProtocolVersion: terms.version,
-    },
-    paymentProposalIds: [],
-    baseUrl: canonUrl,
-    lastError: undefined,
-    retryInfo: initRetryInfo(false),
-    uids: [encodeCrock(getRandomBytes(32))],
-  });
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({ backupProviders: x.backupProviders }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      await tx.backupProviders.put({
+        active: !!req.activate,
+        terms: {
+          annualFee: terms.annual_fee,
+          storageLimitInMegabytes: terms.storage_limit_in_megabytes,
+          supportedProtocolVersion: terms.version,
+        },
+        paymentProposalIds: [],
+        baseUrl: canonUrl,
+        lastError: undefined,
+        retryInfo: initRetryInfo(false),
+        uids: [encodeCrock(getRandomBytes(32))],
+      });
+    });
 }
 
 export async function removeBackupProvider(
@@ -654,7 +664,11 @@ export async function getBackupInfo(
   ws: InternalWalletState,
 ): Promise<BackupInfo> {
   const backupConfig = await provideBackupState(ws);
-  const providerRecords = await ws.db.iter(Stores.backupProviders).toArray();
+  const providerRecords = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({ backupProviders: x.backupProviders }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      return await tx.backupProviders.iter().toArray();
+    });
   const providers: ProviderInfo[] = [];
   for (const x of providerRecords) {
     providers.push({
@@ -675,13 +689,18 @@ export async function getBackupInfo(
 }
 
 /**
- * Get information about the current state of wallet backups.
+ * Get backup recovery information, including the wallet's
+ * private key.
  */
 export async function getBackupRecovery(
   ws: InternalWalletState,
 ): Promise<BackupRecovery> {
   const bs = await provideBackupState(ws);
-  const providers = await ws.db.iter(Stores.backupProviders).toArray();
+  const providers = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({ backupProviders: x.backupProviders }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      return await tx.backupProviders.iter().toArray();
+    });
   return {
     providers: providers
       .filter((x) => x.active)
@@ -698,12 +717,12 @@ async function backupRecoveryTheirs(
   ws: InternalWalletState,
   br: BackupRecovery,
 ) {
-  await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction(
-    [Stores.config, Stores.backupProviders],
-    async (tx) => {
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({ config: x.config, backupProviders: x.backupProviders }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
       let backupStateEntry:
         | ConfigRecord<WalletBackupConfState>
-        | undefined = await tx.get(Stores.config, WALLET_BACKUP_STATE_KEY);
+        | undefined = await tx.config.get(WALLET_BACKUP_STATE_KEY);
       checkDbInvariant(!!backupStateEntry);
       backupStateEntry.value.lastBackupNonce = undefined;
       backupStateEntry.value.lastBackupTimestamp = undefined;
@@ -713,11 +732,11 @@ async function backupRecoveryTheirs(
       backupStateEntry.value.walletRootPub = encodeCrock(
         eddsaGetPublic(decodeCrock(br.walletRootPriv)),
       );
-      await tx.put(Stores.config, backupStateEntry);
+      await tx.config.put(backupStateEntry);
       for (const prov of br.providers) {
-        const existingProv = await tx.get(Stores.backupProviders, prov.url);
+        const existingProv = await tx.backupProviders.get(prov.url);
         if (!existingProv) {
-          await tx.put(Stores.backupProviders, {
+          await tx.backupProviders.put({
             active: true,
             baseUrl: prov.url,
             paymentProposalIds: [],
@@ -727,14 +746,13 @@ async function backupRecoveryTheirs(
           });
         }
       }
-      const providers = await tx.iter(Stores.backupProviders).toArray();
+      const providers = await tx.backupProviders.iter().toArray();
       for (const prov of providers) {
         prov.lastBackupTimestamp = undefined;
         prov.lastBackupHash = undefined;
-        await tx.put(Stores.backupProviders, prov);
+        await tx.backupProviders.put(prov);
       }
-    },
-  );
+    });
 }
 
 async function backupRecoveryOurs(ws: InternalWalletState, br: BackupRecovery) {
@@ -746,7 +764,11 @@ export async function loadBackupRecovery(
   br: RecoveryLoadRequest,
 ): Promise<void> {
   const bs = await provideBackupState(ws);
-  const providers = await ws.db.iter(Stores.backupProviders).toArray();
+  const providers = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({ backupProviders: x.backupProviders }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      return await tx.backupProviders.iter().toArray();
+    });
   let strategy = br.strategy;
   if (
     br.recovery.walletRootPriv != bs.walletRootPriv &&
@@ -772,12 +794,11 @@ export async function exportBackupEncrypted(
 ): Promise<Uint8Array> {
   await provideBackupState(ws);
   const blob = await exportBackup(ws);
-  const bs = await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction(
-    [Stores.config],
-    async (tx) => {
+  const bs = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({ config: x.config }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
       return await getWalletBackupState(ws, tx);
-    },
-  );
+    });
   return encryptBackup(bs, blob);
 }
 
diff --git a/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/backup/state.ts b/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/backup/state.ts
index e2a0f4cf3..226880439 100644
--- a/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/backup/state.ts
+++ b/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/backup/state.ts
@@ -15,9 +15,11 @@
  */
 
 import { Timestamp } from "@gnu-taler/taler-util";
-import { ConfigRecord, Stores } from "../../db.js";
-import { getRandomBytes, encodeCrock, TransactionHandle } from "../../index.js";
+import { ConfigRecord, WalletStoresV1 } from "../../db.js";
+import { getRandomBytes, encodeCrock } from "../../index.js";
 import { checkDbInvariant } from "../../util/invariants";
+import { GetReadOnlyAccess } from "../../util/query.js";
+import { Wallet } from "../../wallet.js";
 import { InternalWalletState } from "../state";
 
 export interface WalletBackupConfState {
@@ -48,10 +50,13 @@ export const WALLET_BACKUP_STATE_KEY = "walletBackupState";
 export async function provideBackupState(
   ws: InternalWalletState,
 ): Promise<WalletBackupConfState> {
-  const bs: ConfigRecord<WalletBackupConfState> | undefined = await ws.db.get(
-    Stores.config,
-    WALLET_BACKUP_STATE_KEY,
-  );
+  const bs: ConfigRecord<WalletBackupConfState> | undefined = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      config: x.config,
+    }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      return tx.config.get(WALLET_BACKUP_STATE_KEY);
+    });
   if (bs) {
     return bs.value;
   }
@@ -62,32 +67,36 @@ export async function provideBackupState(
   // FIXME: device ID should be configured when wallet is initialized
   // and be based on hostname
   const deviceId = `wallet-core-${encodeCrock(d)}`;
-  return await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction([Stores.config], async (tx) => {
-    let backupStateEntry:
-      | ConfigRecord<WalletBackupConfState>
-      | undefined = await tx.get(Stores.config, WALLET_BACKUP_STATE_KEY);
-    if (!backupStateEntry) {
-      backupStateEntry = {
-        key: WALLET_BACKUP_STATE_KEY,
-        value: {
-          deviceId,
-          clocks: { [deviceId]: 1 },
-          walletRootPub: k.pub,
-          walletRootPriv: k.priv,
-          lastBackupPlainHash: undefined,
-        },
-      };
-      await tx.put(Stores.config, backupStateEntry);
-    }
-    return backupStateEntry.value;
-  });
+  return await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      config: x.config,
+    }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      let backupStateEntry:
+        | ConfigRecord<WalletBackupConfState>
+        | undefined = await tx.config.get(WALLET_BACKUP_STATE_KEY);
+      if (!backupStateEntry) {
+        backupStateEntry = {
+          key: WALLET_BACKUP_STATE_KEY,
+          value: {
+            deviceId,
+            clocks: { [deviceId]: 1 },
+            walletRootPub: k.pub,
+            walletRootPriv: k.priv,
+            lastBackupPlainHash: undefined,
+          },
+        };
+        await tx.config.put(backupStateEntry);
+      }
+      return backupStateEntry.value;
+    });
 }
 
 export async function getWalletBackupState(
   ws: InternalWalletState,
-  tx: TransactionHandle<typeof Stores.config>,
+  tx: GetReadOnlyAccess<{ config: typeof WalletStoresV1.config }>,
 ): Promise<WalletBackupConfState> {
-  let bs = await tx.get(Stores.config, WALLET_BACKUP_STATE_KEY);
+  const bs = await tx.config.get(WALLET_BACKUP_STATE_KEY);
   checkDbInvariant(!!bs, "wallet backup state should be in DB");
   return bs.value;
 }
diff --git a/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/balance.ts b/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/balance.ts
index afa561bfb..7273f0b42 100644
--- a/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/balance.ts
+++ b/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/balance.ts
@@ -17,10 +17,10 @@
 /**
  * Imports.
  */
-import { AmountJson, BalancesResponse, Amounts } from "@gnu-taler/taler-util";
-import { Stores, CoinStatus } from "../db.js";
-import { TransactionHandle } from "../index.js";
-import { Logger } from "@gnu-taler/taler-util";
+import { AmountJson, BalancesResponse, Amounts, Logger } from "@gnu-taler/taler-util";
+
+import { CoinStatus, WalletStoresV1 } from "../db.js";
+import { GetReadOnlyAccess } from "../util/query.js";
 import { InternalWalletState } from "./state.js";
 
 const logger = new Logger("withdraw.ts");
@@ -36,13 +36,12 @@ interface WalletBalance {
  */
 export async function getBalancesInsideTransaction(
   ws: InternalWalletState,
-  tx: TransactionHandle<
-    | typeof Stores.reserves
-    | typeof Stores.coins
-    | typeof Stores.reserves
-    | typeof Stores.refreshGroups
-    | typeof Stores.withdrawalGroups
-  >,
+  tx: GetReadOnlyAccess<{
+    reserves: typeof WalletStoresV1.reserves;
+    coins: typeof WalletStoresV1.coins;
+    refreshGroups: typeof WalletStoresV1.refreshGroups;
+    withdrawalGroups: typeof WalletStoresV1.withdrawalGroups;
+  }>,
 ): Promise<BalancesResponse> {
   const balanceStore: Record<string, WalletBalance> = {};
 
@@ -63,7 +62,7 @@ export async function getBalancesInsideTransaction(
   };
 
   // Initialize balance to zero, even if we didn't start withdrawing yet.
-  await tx.iter(Stores.reserves).forEach((r) => {
+  await tx.reserves.iter().forEach((r) => {
     const b = initBalance(r.currency);
     if (!r.initialWithdrawalStarted) {
       b.pendingIncoming = Amounts.add(
@@ -73,7 +72,7 @@ export async function getBalancesInsideTransaction(
     }
   });
 
-  await tx.iter(Stores.coins).forEach((c) => {
+  await tx.coins.iter().forEach((c) => {
     // Only count fresh coins, as dormant coins will
     // already be in a refresh session.
     if (c.status === CoinStatus.Fresh) {
@@ -82,7 +81,7 @@ export async function getBalancesInsideTransaction(
     }
   });
 
-  await tx.iter(Stores.refreshGroups).forEach((r) => {
+  await tx.refreshGroups.iter().forEach((r) => {
     // Don't count finished refreshes, since the refresh already resulted
     // in coins being added to the wallet.
     if (r.timestampFinished) {
@@ -108,7 +107,7 @@ export async function getBalancesInsideTransaction(
     }
   });
 
-  await tx.iter(Stores.withdrawalGroups).forEach((wds) => {
+  await tx.withdrawalGroups.iter().forEach((wds) => {
     if (wds.timestampFinish) {
       return;
     }
@@ -147,18 +146,17 @@ export async function getBalances(
 ): Promise<BalancesResponse> {
   logger.trace("starting to compute balance");
 
-  const wbal = await ws.db.runWithReadTransaction(
-    [
-      Stores.coins,
-      Stores.refreshGroups,
-      Stores.reserves,
-      Stores.purchases,
-      Stores.withdrawalGroups,
-    ],
-    async (tx) => {
+  const wbal = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      coins: x.coins,
+      refreshGroups: x.refreshGroups,
+      reserves: x.reserves,
+      purchases: x.purchases,
+      withdrawalGroups: x.withdrawalGroups,
+    }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
       return getBalancesInsideTransaction(ws, tx);
-    },
-  );
+    });
 
   logger.trace("finished computing wallet balance");
 
diff --git a/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/currencies.ts b/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/currencies.ts
index cead07a69..e591b50c0 100644
--- a/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/currencies.ts
+++ b/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/currencies.ts
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 /**
  * Imports.
  */
-import { ExchangeRecord, Stores } from "../db.js";
+import { ExchangeRecord } from "../db.js";
 import { Logger } from "@gnu-taler/taler-util";
 import { getExchangeDetails } from "./exchanges.js";
 import { InternalWalletState } from "./state.js";
@@ -38,37 +38,44 @@ export async function getExchangeTrust(
 ): Promise<TrustInfo> {
   let isTrusted = false;
   let isAudited = false;
-  const exchangeDetails = await ws.db.runWithReadTransaction(
-    [Stores.exchangeDetails, Stores.exchanges],
-    async (tx) => {
-      return getExchangeDetails(tx, exchangeInfo.baseUrl);
-    },
-  );
-  if (!exchangeDetails) {
-    throw Error(`exchange ${exchangeInfo.baseUrl} details not available`);
-  }
-  const exchangeTrustRecord = await ws.db.getIndexed(
-    Stores.exchangeTrustStore.exchangeMasterPubIndex,
-    exchangeDetails.masterPublicKey,
-  );
-  if (
-    exchangeTrustRecord &&
-    exchangeTrustRecord.uids.length > 0 &&
-    exchangeTrustRecord.currency === exchangeDetails.currency
-  ) {
-    isTrusted = true;
-  }
 
-  for (const auditor of exchangeDetails.auditors) {
-    const auditorTrustRecord = await ws.db.getIndexed(
-      Stores.auditorTrustStore.auditorPubIndex,
-      auditor.auditor_pub,
-    );
-    if (auditorTrustRecord && auditorTrustRecord.uids.length > 0) {
-      isAudited = true;
-      break;
-    }
-  }
+  return await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      exchanges: x.exchanges,
+      exchangeDetails: x.exchangeDetails,
+      exchangesTrustStore: x.exchangeTrust,
+      auditorTrust: x.auditorTrust,
+    }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      const exchangeDetails = await getExchangeDetails(
+        tx,
+        exchangeInfo.baseUrl,
+      );
 
-  return { isTrusted, isAudited };
+      if (!exchangeDetails) {
+        throw Error(`exchange ${exchangeInfo.baseUrl} details not available`);
+      }
+      const exchangeTrustRecord = await tx.exchangesTrustStore.indexes.byExchangeMasterPub.get(
+        exchangeDetails.masterPublicKey,
+      );
+      if (
+        exchangeTrustRecord &&
+        exchangeTrustRecord.uids.length > 0 &&
+        exchangeTrustRecord.currency === exchangeDetails.currency
+      ) {
+        isTrusted = true;
+      }
+
+      for (const auditor of exchangeDetails.auditors) {
+        const auditorTrustRecord = await tx.auditorTrust.indexes.byAuditorPub.get(
+          auditor.auditor_pub,
+        );
+        if (auditorTrustRecord && auditorTrustRecord.uids.length > 0) {
+          isAudited = true;
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+
+      return { isTrusted, isAudited };
+    });
 }
diff --git a/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/deposits.ts b/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/deposits.ts
index 408ad3926..996e8cf39 100644
--- a/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/deposits.ts
+++ b/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/deposits.ts
@@ -56,7 +56,8 @@ import {
 } from "./pay";
 import { InternalWalletState } from "./state";
 import { Logger } from "@gnu-taler/taler-util";
-import { DepositGroupRecord, Stores } from "../db.js";
+import { DepositGroupRecord } from "../db.js";
+
 import { guardOperationException } from "./errors.js";
 import { getExchangeDetails } from "./exchanges.js";
 
@@ -116,12 +117,17 @@ async function resetDepositGroupRetry(
   ws: InternalWalletState,
   depositGroupId: string,
 ): Promise<void> {
-  await ws.db.mutate(Stores.depositGroups, depositGroupId, (x) => {
-    if (x.retryInfo.active) {
-      x.retryInfo = initRetryInfo();
-    }
-    return x;
-  });
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      depositGroups: x.depositGroups,
+    }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const x = await tx.depositGroups.get(depositGroupId);
+      if (x && x.retryInfo.active) {
+        x.retryInfo = initRetryInfo();
+        await tx.depositGroups.put(x);
+      }
+    });
 }
 
 async function incrementDepositRetry(
@@ -129,19 +135,21 @@ async function incrementDepositRetry(
   depositGroupId: string,
   err: TalerErrorDetails | undefined,
 ): Promise<void> {
-  await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction([Stores.depositGroups], async (tx) => {
-    const r = await tx.get(Stores.depositGroups, depositGroupId);
-    if (!r) {
-      return;
-    }
-    if (!r.retryInfo) {
-      return;
-    }
-    r.retryInfo.retryCounter++;
-    updateRetryInfoTimeout(r.retryInfo);
-    r.lastError = err;
-    await tx.put(Stores.depositGroups, r);
-  });
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({ depositGroups: x.depositGroups }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const r = await tx.depositGroups.get(depositGroupId);
+      if (!r) {
+        return;
+      }
+      if (!r.retryInfo) {
+        return;
+      }
+      r.retryInfo.retryCounter++;
+      updateRetryInfoTimeout(r.retryInfo);
+      r.lastError = err;
+      await tx.depositGroups.put(r);
+    });
   if (err) {
     ws.notify({ type: NotificationType.DepositOperationError, error: err });
   }
@@ -170,7 +178,13 @@ async function processDepositGroupImpl(
   if (forceNow) {
     await resetDepositGroupRetry(ws, depositGroupId);
   }
-  const depositGroup = await ws.db.get(Stores.depositGroups, depositGroupId);
+  const depositGroup = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      depositGroups: x.depositGroups,
+    }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      return tx.depositGroups.get(depositGroupId);
+    });
   if (!depositGroup) {
     logger.warn(`deposit group ${depositGroupId} not found`);
     return;
@@ -213,32 +227,38 @@ async function processDepositGroupImpl(
       merchant_pub: depositGroup.merchantPub,
     });
     await readSuccessResponseJsonOrThrow(httpResp, codecForDepositSuccess());
-    await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction([Stores.depositGroups], async (tx) => {
-      const dg = await tx.get(Stores.depositGroups, depositGroupId);
+    await ws.db
+      .mktx((x) => ({ depositGroups: x.depositGroups }))
+      .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+        const dg = await tx.depositGroups.get(depositGroupId);
+        if (!dg) {
+          return;
+        }
+        dg.depositedPerCoin[i] = true;
+        await tx.depositGroups.put(dg);
+      });
+  }
+
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      depositGroups: x.depositGroups,
+    }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const dg = await tx.depositGroups.get(depositGroupId);
       if (!dg) {
         return;
       }
-      dg.depositedPerCoin[i] = true;
-      await tx.put(Stores.depositGroups, dg);
-    });
-  }
-
-  await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction([Stores.depositGroups], async (tx) => {
-    const dg = await tx.get(Stores.depositGroups, depositGroupId);
-    if (!dg) {
-      return;
-    }
-    let allDeposited = true;
-    for (const d of depositGroup.depositedPerCoin) {
-      if (!d) {
-        allDeposited = false;
+      let allDeposited = true;
+      for (const d of depositGroup.depositedPerCoin) {
+        if (!d) {
+          allDeposited = false;
+        }
       }
-    }
-    if (allDeposited) {
-      dg.timestampFinished = getTimestampNow();
-      await tx.put(Stores.depositGroups, dg);
-    }
-  });
+      if (allDeposited) {
+        dg.timestampFinished = getTimestampNow();
+        await tx.depositGroups.put(dg);
+      }
+    });
 }
 
 export async function trackDepositGroup(
@@ -249,10 +269,13 @@ export async function trackDepositGroup(
     status: number;
     body: any;
   }[] = [];
-  const depositGroup = await ws.db.get(
-    Stores.depositGroups,
-    req.depositGroupId,
-  );
+  const depositGroup = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      depositGroups: x.depositGroups,
+    }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      return tx.depositGroups.get(req.depositGroupId);
+    });
   if (!depositGroup) {
     throw Error("deposit group not found");
   }
@@ -306,23 +329,26 @@ export async function createDepositGroup(
 
   const amount = Amounts.parseOrThrow(req.amount);
 
-  const allExchanges = await ws.db.iter(Stores.exchanges).toArray();
   const exchangeInfos: { url: string; master_pub: string }[] = [];
-  for (const e of allExchanges) {
-    const details = await ws.db.runWithReadTransaction(
-      [Stores.exchanges, Stores.exchangeDetails],
-      async (tx) => {
-        return getExchangeDetails(tx, e.baseUrl);
-      },
-    );
-    if (!details) {
-      continue;
-    }
-    exchangeInfos.push({
-      master_pub: details.masterPublicKey,
-      url: e.baseUrl,
+
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      exchanges: x.exchanges,
+      exchangeDetails: x.exchangeDetails,
+    }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      const allExchanges = await tx.exchanges.iter().toArray();
+      for (const e of allExchanges) {
+        const details = await getExchangeDetails(tx, e.baseUrl);
+        if (!details) {
+          continue;
+        }
+        exchangeInfos.push({
+          master_pub: details.masterPublicKey,
+          url: e.baseUrl,
+        });
+      }
     });
-  }
 
   const timestamp = getTimestampNow();
   const timestampRound = timestampTruncateToSecond(timestamp);
@@ -421,20 +447,17 @@ export async function createDepositGroup(
     lastError: undefined,
   };
 
-  await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction(
-    [
-      Stores.depositGroups,
-      Stores.coins,
-      Stores.refreshGroups,
-      Stores.denominations,
-    ],
-    async (tx) => {
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      depositGroups: x.depositGroups,
+      coins: x.coins,
+      refreshGroups: x.refreshGroups,
+      denominations: x.denominations,
+    }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
       await applyCoinSpend(ws, tx, payCoinSel);
-      await tx.put(Stores.depositGroups, depositGroup);
-    },
-  );
-
-  await ws.db.put(Stores.depositGroups, depositGroup);
+      await tx.depositGroups.put(depositGroup);
+    });
 
   return { depositGroupId };
 }
diff --git a/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/exchanges.ts b/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/exchanges.ts
index e48d12998..789ce1da4 100644
--- a/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/exchanges.ts
+++ b/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/exchanges.ts
@@ -41,13 +41,13 @@ import {
 import {
   DenominationRecord,
   DenominationStatus,
-  Stores,
   ExchangeRecord,
   ExchangeUpdateStatus,
   WireFee,
   ExchangeUpdateReason,
   ExchangeDetailsRecord,
   WireInfo,
+  WalletStoresV1,
 } from "../db.js";
 import {
   URL,
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ import {
 } from "./versions.js";
 import { HttpRequestLibrary } from "../util/http.js";
 import { CryptoApi } from "../crypto/workers/cryptoApi.js";
-import { TransactionHandle } from "../util/query.js";
+import { DbAccess, GetReadOnlyAccess } from "../util/query.js";
 
 const logger = new Logger("exchanges.ts");
 
@@ -108,15 +108,17 @@ async function handleExchangeUpdateError(
   baseUrl: string,
   err: TalerErrorDetails,
 ): Promise<void> {
-  await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction([Stores.exchanges], async (tx) => {
-    const exchange = await tx.get(Stores.exchanges, baseUrl);
-    if (!exchange) {
-      return;
-    }
-    exchange.retryInfo.retryCounter++;
-    updateRetryInfoTimeout(exchange.retryInfo);
-    exchange.lastError = err;
-  });
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({ exchanges: x.exchanges }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      const exchange = await tx.exchanges.get(baseUrl);
+      if (!exchange) {
+        return;
+      }
+      exchange.retryInfo.retryCounter++;
+      updateRetryInfoTimeout(exchange.retryInfo);
+      exchange.lastError = err;
+    });
   if (err) {
     ws.notify({ type: NotificationType.ExchangeOperationError, error: err });
   }
@@ -153,12 +155,13 @@ async function downloadExchangeWithTermsOfService(
 }
 
 export async function getExchangeDetails(
-  tx: TransactionHandle<
-    typeof Stores.exchanges | typeof Stores.exchangeDetails
-  >,
+  tx: GetReadOnlyAccess<{
+    exchanges: typeof WalletStoresV1.exchanges;
+    exchangeDetails: typeof WalletStoresV1.exchangeDetails;
+  }>,
   exchangeBaseUrl: string,
 ): Promise<ExchangeDetailsRecord | undefined> {
-  const r = await tx.get(Stores.exchanges, exchangeBaseUrl);
+  const r = await tx.exchanges.get(exchangeBaseUrl);
   if (!r) {
     return;
   }
@@ -167,28 +170,32 @@ export async function getExchangeDetails(
     return;
   }
   const { currency, masterPublicKey } = dp;
-  return await tx.get(Stores.exchangeDetails, [
-    r.baseUrl,
-    currency,
-    masterPublicKey,
-  ]);
+  return await tx.exchangeDetails.get([r.baseUrl, currency, masterPublicKey]);
 }
 
+getExchangeDetails.makeContext = (db: DbAccess<typeof WalletStoresV1>) =>
+  db.mktx((x) => ({
+    exchanges: x.exchanges,
+    exchangeDetails: x.exchangeDetails,
+  }));
+
 export async function acceptExchangeTermsOfService(
   ws: InternalWalletState,
   exchangeBaseUrl: string,
   etag: string | undefined,
 ): Promise<void> {
-  await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction(
-    [Stores.exchanges, Stores.exchangeDetails],
-    async (tx) => {
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      exchanges: x.exchanges,
+      exchangeDetails: x.exchangeDetails,
+    }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
       const d = await getExchangeDetails(tx, exchangeBaseUrl);
       if (d) {
         d.termsOfServiceAcceptedEtag = etag;
-        await tx.put(Stores.exchangeDetails, d);
+        await tx.exchangeDetails.put(d);
       }
-    },
-  );
+    });
 }
 
 async function validateWireInfo(
@@ -284,21 +291,24 @@ async function provideExchangeRecord(
   baseUrl: string,
   now: Timestamp,
 ): Promise<ExchangeRecord> {
-  let r = await ws.db.get(Stores.exchanges, baseUrl);
-  if (!r) {
-    const newExchangeRecord: ExchangeRecord = {
-      permanent: true,
-      baseUrl: baseUrl,
-      updateStatus: ExchangeUpdateStatus.FetchKeys,
-      updateStarted: now,
-      updateReason: ExchangeUpdateReason.Initial,
-      retryInfo: initRetryInfo(false),
-      detailsPointer: undefined,
-    };
-    await ws.db.put(Stores.exchanges, newExchangeRecord);
-    r = newExchangeRecord;
-  }
-  return r;
+  return await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({ exchanges: x.exchanges }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      let r = await tx.exchanges.get(baseUrl);
+      if (!r) {
+        r = {
+          permanent: true,
+          baseUrl: baseUrl,
+          updateStatus: ExchangeUpdateStatus.FetchKeys,
+          updateStarted: now,
+          updateReason: ExchangeUpdateReason.Initial,
+          retryInfo: initRetryInfo(false),
+          detailsPointer: undefined,
+        };
+        await tx.exchanges.put(r);
+      }
+      return r;
+    });
 }
 
 interface ExchangeKeysDownloadResult {
@@ -427,16 +437,17 @@ async function updateExchangeFromUrlImpl(
 
   let recoupGroupId: string | undefined = undefined;
 
-  const updated = await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction(
-    [
-      Stores.exchanges,
-      Stores.exchangeDetails,
-      Stores.denominations,
-      Stores.recoupGroups,
-      Stores.coins,
-    ],
-    async (tx) => {
-      const r = await tx.get(Stores.exchanges, baseUrl);
+  const updated = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      exchanges: x.exchanges,
+      exchangeDetails: x.exchangeDetails,
+      denominations: x.denominations,
+      coins: x.coins,
+      refreshGroups: x.refreshGroups,
+      recoupGroups: x.recoupGroups,
+    }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const r = await tx.exchanges.get(baseUrl);
       if (!r) {
         logger.warn(`exchange ${baseUrl} no longer present`);
         return;
@@ -473,18 +484,18 @@ async function updateExchangeFromUrlImpl(
         // FIXME: only change if pointer really changed
         updateClock: getTimestampNow(),
       };
-      await tx.put(Stores.exchanges, r);
-      await tx.put(Stores.exchangeDetails, details);
+      await tx.exchanges.put(r);
+      await tx.exchangeDetails.put(details);
 
       for (const currentDenom of keysInfo.currentDenominations) {
-        const oldDenom = await tx.get(Stores.denominations, [
+        const oldDenom = await tx.denominations.get([
           baseUrl,
           currentDenom.denomPubHash,
         ]);
         if (oldDenom) {
           // FIXME: Do consistency check
         } else {
-          await tx.put(Stores.denominations, currentDenom);
+          await tx.denominations.put(currentDenom);
         }
       }
 
@@ -493,7 +504,7 @@ async function updateExchangeFromUrlImpl(
       const newlyRevokedCoinPubs: string[] = [];
       logger.trace("recoup list from exchange", recoupDenomList);
       for (const recoupInfo of recoupDenomList) {
-        const oldDenom = await tx.get(Stores.denominations, [
+        const oldDenom = await tx.denominations.get([
           r.baseUrl,
           recoupInfo.h_denom_pub,
         ]);
@@ -509,9 +520,9 @@ async function updateExchangeFromUrlImpl(
         }
         logger.trace("revoking denom", recoupInfo.h_denom_pub);
         oldDenom.isRevoked = true;
-        await tx.put(Stores.denominations, oldDenom);
-        const affectedCoins = await tx
-          .iterIndexed(Stores.coins.denomPubHashIndex, recoupInfo.h_denom_pub)
+        await tx.denominations.put(oldDenom);
+        const affectedCoins = await tx.coins.indexes.byDenomPubHash
+          .iter(recoupInfo.h_denom_pub)
           .toArray();
         for (const ac of affectedCoins) {
           newlyRevokedCoinPubs.push(ac.coinPub);
@@ -525,8 +536,7 @@ async function updateExchangeFromUrlImpl(
         exchange: r,
         exchangeDetails: details,
       };
-    },
-  );
+    });
 
   if (recoupGroupId) {
     // Asynchronously start recoup.  This doesn't need to finish
@@ -553,12 +563,11 @@ export async function getExchangePaytoUri(
 ): Promise<string> {
   // We do the update here, since the exchange might not even exist
   // yet in our database.
-  const details = await ws.db.runWithReadTransaction(
-    [Stores.exchangeDetails, Stores.exchanges],
-    async (tx) => {
+  const details = await getExchangeDetails
+    .makeContext(ws.db)
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
       return getExchangeDetails(tx, exchangeBaseUrl);
-    },
-  );
+    });
   const accounts = details?.wireInfo.accounts ?? [];
   for (const account of accounts) {
     const res = parsePaytoUri(account.payto_uri);
diff --git a/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/pay.ts b/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/pay.ts
index 0b1b30f68..c57243b59 100644
--- a/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/pay.ts
+++ b/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/pay.ts
@@ -72,9 +72,7 @@ import {
   readSuccessResponseJsonOrErrorCode,
   readSuccessResponseJsonOrThrow,
   readTalerErrorResponse,
-  Stores,
   throwUnexpectedRequestError,
-  TransactionHandle,
   URL,
   WalletContractData,
 } from "../index.js";
@@ -85,7 +83,7 @@ import {
   selectPayCoins,
   PreviousPayCoins,
 } from "../util/coinSelection.js";
-import { canonicalJson, j2s } from "@gnu-taler/taler-util";
+import { j2s } from "@gnu-taler/taler-util";
 import {
   initRetryInfo,
   updateRetryInfoTimeout,
@@ -95,6 +93,10 @@ import { getTotalRefreshCost, createRefreshGroup } from "./refresh.js";
 import { InternalWalletState, EXCHANGE_COINS_LOCK } from "./state.js";
 import { ContractTermsUtil } from "../util/contractTerms.js";
 import { getExchangeDetails } from "./exchanges.js";
+import { DbAccess, GetReadWriteAccess } from "../util/query.js";
+import { WalletStoresV1 } from "../db.js";
+import { Wallet } from "../wallet.js";
+import { x25519_edwards_keyPair_fromSecretKey } from "../crypto/primitives/nacl-fast.js";
 
 /**
  * Logger.
@@ -112,34 +114,35 @@ export async function getTotalPaymentCost(
   ws: InternalWalletState,
   pcs: PayCoinSelection,
 ): Promise<AmountJson> {
-  const costs = [];
-  for (let i = 0; i < pcs.coinPubs.length; i++) {
-    const coin = await ws.db.get(Stores.coins, pcs.coinPubs[i]);
-    if (!coin) {
-      throw Error("can't calculate payment cost, coin not found");
-    }
-    const denom = await ws.db.get(Stores.denominations, [
-      coin.exchangeBaseUrl,
-      coin.denomPubHash,
-    ]);
-    if (!denom) {
-      throw Error(
-        "can't calculate payment cost, denomination for coin not found",
-      );
-    }
-    const allDenoms = await ws.db
-      .iterIndex(
-        Stores.denominations.exchangeBaseUrlIndex,
-        coin.exchangeBaseUrl,
-      )
-      .toArray();
-    const amountLeft = Amounts.sub(denom.value, pcs.coinContributions[i])
-      .amount;
-    const refreshCost = getTotalRefreshCost(allDenoms, denom, amountLeft);
-    costs.push(pcs.coinContributions[i]);
-    costs.push(refreshCost);
-  }
-  return Amounts.sum(costs).amount;
+  return ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({ coins: x.coins, denominations: x.denominations }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      const costs = [];
+      for (let i = 0; i < pcs.coinPubs.length; i++) {
+        const coin = await tx.coins.get(pcs.coinPubs[i]);
+        if (!coin) {
+          throw Error("can't calculate payment cost, coin not found");
+        }
+        const denom = await tx.denominations.get([
+          coin.exchangeBaseUrl,
+          coin.denomPubHash,
+        ]);
+        if (!denom) {
+          throw Error(
+            "can't calculate payment cost, denomination for coin not found",
+          );
+        }
+        const allDenoms = await tx.denominations.indexes.byExchangeBaseUrl
+          .iter()
+          .toArray();
+        const amountLeft = Amounts.sub(denom.value, pcs.coinContributions[i])
+          .amount;
+        const refreshCost = getTotalRefreshCost(allDenoms, denom, amountLeft);
+        costs.push(pcs.coinContributions[i]);
+        costs.push(refreshCost);
+      }
+      return Amounts.sum(costs).amount;
+    });
 }
 
 /**
@@ -154,39 +157,48 @@ export async function getEffectiveDepositAmount(
   const amt: AmountJson[] = [];
   const fees: AmountJson[] = [];
   const exchangeSet: Set<string> = new Set();
-  for (let i = 0; i < pcs.coinPubs.length; i++) {
-    const coin = await ws.db.get(Stores.coins, pcs.coinPubs[i]);
-    if (!coin) {
-      throw Error("can't calculate deposit amountt, coin not found");
-    }
-    const denom = await ws.db.get(Stores.denominations, [
-      coin.exchangeBaseUrl,
-      coin.denomPubHash,
-    ]);
-    if (!denom) {
-      throw Error("can't find denomination to calculate deposit amount");
-    }
-    amt.push(pcs.coinContributions[i]);
-    fees.push(denom.feeDeposit);
-    exchangeSet.add(coin.exchangeBaseUrl);
-  }
-  for (const exchangeUrl of exchangeSet.values()) {
-    const exchangeDetails = await ws.db.runWithReadTransaction(
-      [Stores.exchanges, Stores.exchangeDetails],
-      async (tx) => {
-        return getExchangeDetails(tx, exchangeUrl);
-      },
-    );
-    if (!exchangeDetails) {
-      continue;
-    }
-    const fee = exchangeDetails.wireInfo.feesForType[wireType].find((x) => {
-      return timestampIsBetween(getTimestampNow(), x.startStamp, x.endStamp);
-    })?.wireFee;
-    if (fee) {
-      fees.push(fee);
-    }
-  }
+
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      coins: x.coins,
+      denominations: x.denominations,
+      exchanges: x.exchanges,
+      exchangeDetails: x.exchangeDetails,
+    }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      for (let i = 0; i < pcs.coinPubs.length; i++) {
+        const coin = await tx.coins.get(pcs.coinPubs[i]);
+        if (!coin) {
+          throw Error("can't calculate deposit amountt, coin not found");
+        }
+        const denom = await tx.denominations.get([
+          coin.exchangeBaseUrl,
+          coin.denomPubHash,
+        ]);
+        if (!denom) {
+          throw Error("can't find denomination to calculate deposit amount");
+        }
+        amt.push(pcs.coinContributions[i]);
+        fees.push(denom.feeDeposit);
+        exchangeSet.add(coin.exchangeBaseUrl);
+      }
+      for (const exchangeUrl of exchangeSet.values()) {
+        const exchangeDetails = await getExchangeDetails(tx, exchangeUrl);
+        if (!exchangeDetails) {
+          continue;
+        }
+        const fee = exchangeDetails.wireInfo.feesForType[wireType].find((x) => {
+          return timestampIsBetween(
+            getTimestampNow(),
+            x.startStamp,
+            x.endStamp,
+          );
+        })?.wireFee;
+        if (fee) {
+          fees.push(fee);
+        }
+      }
+    });
   return Amounts.sub(Amounts.sum(amt).amount, Amounts.sum(fees).amount).amount;
 }
 
@@ -243,105 +255,112 @@ export async function getCandidatePayCoins(
   const candidateCoins: AvailableCoinInfo[] = [];
   const wireFeesPerExchange: Record<string, AmountJson> = {};
 
-  const exchanges = await ws.db.iter(Stores.exchanges).toArray();
-  for (const exchange of exchanges) {
-    let isOkay = false;
-    const exchangeDetails = await ws.db.runWithReadTransaction(
-      [Stores.exchanges, Stores.exchangeDetails],
-      async (tx) => {
-        return getExchangeDetails(tx, exchange.baseUrl);
-      },
-    );
-    if (!exchangeDetails) {
-      continue;
-    }
-    const exchangeFees = exchangeDetails.wireInfo;
-    if (!exchangeFees) {
-      continue;
-    }
-
-    // is the exchange explicitly allowed?
-    for (const allowedExchange of req.allowedExchanges) {
-      if (allowedExchange.exchangePub === exchangeDetails.masterPublicKey) {
-        isOkay = true;
-        break;
-      }
-    }
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      exchanges: x.exchanges,
+      exchangeDetails: x.exchangeDetails,
+      denominations: x.denominations,
+      coins: x.coins,
+    }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      const exchanges = await tx.exchanges.iter().toArray();
+      for (const exchange of exchanges) {
+        let isOkay = false;
+        const exchangeDetails = await getExchangeDetails(tx, exchange.baseUrl);
+        if (!exchangeDetails) {
+          continue;
+        }
+        const exchangeFees = exchangeDetails.wireInfo;
+        if (!exchangeFees) {
+          continue;
+        }
 
-    // is the exchange allowed because of one of its auditors?
-    if (!isOkay) {
-      for (const allowedAuditor of req.allowedAuditors) {
-        for (const auditor of exchangeDetails.auditors) {
-          if (auditor.auditor_pub === allowedAuditor.auditorPub) {
+        // is the exchange explicitly allowed?
+        for (const allowedExchange of req.allowedExchanges) {
+          if (allowedExchange.exchangePub === exchangeDetails.masterPublicKey) {
             isOkay = true;
             break;
           }
         }
-        if (isOkay) {
-          break;
+
+        // is the exchange allowed because of one of its auditors?
+        if (!isOkay) {
+          for (const allowedAuditor of req.allowedAuditors) {
+            for (const auditor of exchangeDetails.auditors) {
+              if (auditor.auditor_pub === allowedAuditor.auditorPub) {
+                isOkay = true;
+                break;
+              }
+            }
+            if (isOkay) {
+              break;
+            }
+          }
         }
-      }
-    }
 
-    if (!isOkay) {
-      continue;
-    }
+        if (!isOkay) {
+          continue;
+        }
 
-    const coins = await ws.db
-      .iterIndex(Stores.coins.exchangeBaseUrlIndex, exchange.baseUrl)
-      .toArray();
+        const coins = await tx.coins.indexes.byBaseUrl
+          .iter(exchange.baseUrl)
+          .toArray();
 
-    if (!coins || coins.length === 0) {
-      continue;
-    }
+        if (!coins || coins.length === 0) {
+          continue;
+        }
 
-    // Denomination of the first coin, we assume that all other
-    // coins have the same currency
-    const firstDenom = await ws.db.get(Stores.denominations, [
-      exchange.baseUrl,
-      coins[0].denomPubHash,
-    ]);
-    if (!firstDenom) {
-      throw Error("db inconsistent");
-    }
-    const currency = firstDenom.value.currency;
-    for (const coin of coins) {
-      const denom = await ws.db.get(Stores.denominations, [
-        exchange.baseUrl,
-        coin.denomPubHash,
-      ]);
-      if (!denom) {
-        throw Error("db inconsistent");
-      }
-      if (denom.value.currency !== currency) {
-        logger.warn(
-          `same pubkey for different currencies at exchange ${exchange.baseUrl}`,
-        );
-        continue;
-      }
-      if (!isSpendableCoin(coin, denom)) {
-        continue;
-      }
-      candidateCoins.push({
-        availableAmount: coin.currentAmount,
-        coinPub: coin.coinPub,
-        denomPub: coin.denomPub,
-        feeDeposit: denom.feeDeposit,
-        exchangeBaseUrl: denom.exchangeBaseUrl,
-      });
-    }
+        // Denomination of the first coin, we assume that all other
+        // coins have the same currency
+        const firstDenom = await tx.denominations.get([
+          exchange.baseUrl,
+          coins[0].denomPubHash,
+        ]);
+        if (!firstDenom) {
+          throw Error("db inconsistent");
+        }
+        const currency = firstDenom.value.currency;
+        for (const coin of coins) {
+          const denom = await tx.denominations.get([
+            exchange.baseUrl,
+            coin.denomPubHash,
+          ]);
+          if (!denom) {
+            throw Error("db inconsistent");
+          }
+          if (denom.value.currency !== currency) {
+            logger.warn(
+              `same pubkey for different currencies at exchange ${exchange.baseUrl}`,
+            );
+            continue;
+          }
+          if (!isSpendableCoin(coin, denom)) {
+            continue;
+          }
+          candidateCoins.push({
+            availableAmount: coin.currentAmount,
+            coinPub: coin.coinPub,
+            denomPub: coin.denomPub,
+            feeDeposit: denom.feeDeposit,
+            exchangeBaseUrl: denom.exchangeBaseUrl,
+          });
+        }
 
-    let wireFee: AmountJson | undefined;
-    for (const fee of exchangeFees.feesForType[req.wireMethod] || []) {
-      if (fee.startStamp <= req.timestamp && fee.endStamp >= req.timestamp) {
-        wireFee = fee.wireFee;
-        break;
+        let wireFee: AmountJson | undefined;
+        for (const fee of exchangeFees.feesForType[req.wireMethod] || []) {
+          if (
+            fee.startStamp <= req.timestamp &&
+            fee.endStamp >= req.timestamp
+          ) {
+            wireFee = fee.wireFee;
+            break;
+          }
+        }
+        if (wireFee) {
+          wireFeesPerExchange[exchange.baseUrl] = wireFee;
+        }
       }
-    }
-    if (wireFee) {
-      wireFeesPerExchange[exchange.baseUrl] = wireFee;
-    }
-  }
+    });
 
   return {
     candidateCoins,
@@ -351,15 +370,15 @@ export async function getCandidatePayCoins(
 
 export async function applyCoinSpend(
   ws: InternalWalletState,
-  tx: TransactionHandle<
-    | typeof Stores.coins
-    | typeof Stores.refreshGroups
-    | typeof Stores.denominations
-  >,
+  tx: GetReadWriteAccess<{
+    coins: typeof WalletStoresV1.coins;
+    refreshGroups: typeof WalletStoresV1.refreshGroups;
+    denominations: typeof WalletStoresV1.denominations;
+  }>,
   coinSelection: PayCoinSelection,
 ) {
   for (let i = 0; i < coinSelection.coinPubs.length; i++) {
-    const coin = await tx.get(Stores.coins, coinSelection.coinPubs[i]);
+    const coin = await tx.coins.get(coinSelection.coinPubs[i]);
     if (!coin) {
       throw Error("coin allocated for payment doesn't exist anymore");
     }
@@ -379,7 +398,7 @@ export async function applyCoinSpend(
       throw Error("not enough remaining balance on coin for payment");
     }
     coin.currentAmount = remaining.amount;
-    await tx.put(Stores.coins, coin);
+    await tx.coins.put(coin);
   }
   const refreshCoinPubs = coinSelection.coinPubs.map((x) => ({
     coinPub: x,
@@ -437,26 +456,25 @@ async function recordConfirmPay(
     noncePub: proposal.noncePub,
   };
 
-  await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction(
-    [
-      Stores.coins,
-      Stores.purchases,
-      Stores.proposals,
-      Stores.refreshGroups,
-      Stores.denominations,
-    ],
-    async (tx) => {
-      const p = await tx.get(Stores.proposals, proposal.proposalId);
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      proposals: x.proposals,
+      purchases: x.purchases,
+      coins: x.coins,
+      refreshGroups: x.refreshGroups,
+      denominations: x.denominations,
+    }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const p = await tx.proposals.get(proposal.proposalId);
       if (p) {
         p.proposalStatus = ProposalStatus.ACCEPTED;
         p.lastError = undefined;
         p.retryInfo = initRetryInfo(false);
-        await tx.put(Stores.proposals, p);
+        await tx.proposals.put(p);
       }
-      await tx.put(Stores.purchases, t);
+      await tx.purchases.put(t);
       await applyCoinSpend(ws, tx, coinSelection);
-    },
-  );
+    });
 
   ws.notify({
     type: NotificationType.ProposalAccepted,
@@ -470,19 +488,21 @@ async function incrementProposalRetry(
   proposalId: string,
   err: TalerErrorDetails | undefined,
 ): Promise<void> {
-  await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction([Stores.proposals], async (tx) => {
-    const pr = await tx.get(Stores.proposals, proposalId);
-    if (!pr) {
-      return;
-    }
-    if (!pr.retryInfo) {
-      return;
-    }
-    pr.retryInfo.retryCounter++;
-    updateRetryInfoTimeout(pr.retryInfo);
-    pr.lastError = err;
-    await tx.put(Stores.proposals, pr);
-  });
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({ proposals: x.proposals }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const pr = await tx.proposals.get(proposalId);
+      if (!pr) {
+        return;
+      }
+      if (!pr.retryInfo) {
+        return;
+      }
+      pr.retryInfo.retryCounter++;
+      updateRetryInfoTimeout(pr.retryInfo);
+      pr.lastError = err;
+      await tx.proposals.put(pr);
+    });
   if (err) {
     ws.notify({ type: NotificationType.ProposalOperationError, error: err });
   }
@@ -494,19 +514,21 @@ async function incrementPurchasePayRetry(
   err: TalerErrorDetails | undefined,
 ): Promise<void> {
   logger.warn("incrementing purchase pay retry with error", err);
-  await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction([Stores.purchases], async (tx) => {
-    const pr = await tx.get(Stores.purchases, proposalId);
-    if (!pr) {
-      return;
-    }
-    if (!pr.payRetryInfo) {
-      return;
-    }
-    pr.payRetryInfo.retryCounter++;
-    updateRetryInfoTimeout(pr.payRetryInfo);
-    pr.lastPayError = err;
-    await tx.put(Stores.purchases, pr);
-  });
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({ purchases: x.purchases }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const pr = await tx.purchases.get(proposalId);
+      if (!pr) {
+        return;
+      }
+      if (!pr.payRetryInfo) {
+        return;
+      }
+      pr.payRetryInfo.retryCounter++;
+      updateRetryInfoTimeout(pr.payRetryInfo);
+      pr.lastPayError = err;
+      await tx.purchases.put(pr);
+    });
   if (err) {
     ws.notify({ type: NotificationType.PayOperationError, error: err });
   }
@@ -529,12 +551,15 @@ async function resetDownloadProposalRetry(
   ws: InternalWalletState,
   proposalId: string,
 ): Promise<void> {
-  await ws.db.mutate(Stores.proposals, proposalId, (x) => {
-    if (x.retryInfo.active) {
-      x.retryInfo = initRetryInfo();
-    }
-    return x;
-  });
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({ proposals: x.proposals }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const p = await tx.proposals.get(proposalId);
+      if (p && p.retryInfo.active) {
+        p.retryInfo = initRetryInfo();
+        await tx.proposals.put(p);
+      }
+    });
 }
 
 async function failProposalPermanently(
@@ -542,12 +567,18 @@ async function failProposalPermanently(
   proposalId: string,
   err: TalerErrorDetails,
 ): Promise<void> {
-  await ws.db.mutate(Stores.proposals, proposalId, (x) => {
-    x.retryInfo.active = false;
-    x.lastError = err;
-    x.proposalStatus = ProposalStatus.PERMANENTLY_FAILED;
-    return x;
-  });
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({ proposals: x.proposals }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const p = await tx.proposals.get(proposalId);
+      if (!p) {
+        return;
+      }
+      p.retryInfo.active = false;
+      p.lastError = err;
+      p.proposalStatus = ProposalStatus.PERMANENTLY_FAILED;
+      await tx.proposals.put(p);
+    });
 }
 
 function getProposalRequestTimeout(proposal: ProposalRecord): Duration {
@@ -616,7 +647,11 @@ async function processDownloadProposalImpl(
   if (forceNow) {
     await resetDownloadProposalRetry(ws, proposalId);
   }
-  const proposal = await ws.db.get(Stores.proposals, proposalId);
+  const proposal = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({ proposals: x.proposals }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      return tx.proposals.get(proposalId);
+    });
   if (!proposal) {
     return;
   }
@@ -750,10 +785,10 @@ async function processDownloadProposalImpl(
     proposalResp.sig,
   );
 
-  await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction(
-    [Stores.proposals, Stores.purchases],
-    async (tx) => {
-      const p = await tx.get(Stores.proposals, proposalId);
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({ proposals: x.proposals, purchases: x.purchases }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const p = await tx.proposals.get(proposalId);
       if (!p) {
         return;
       }
@@ -769,22 +804,20 @@ async function processDownloadProposalImpl(
         (fulfillmentUrl.startsWith("http://") ||
           fulfillmentUrl.startsWith("https://"))
       ) {
-        const differentPurchase = await tx.getIndexed(
-          Stores.purchases.fulfillmentUrlIndex,
+        const differentPurchase = await tx.purchases.indexes.byFulfillmentUrl.get(
           fulfillmentUrl,
         );
         if (differentPurchase) {
           logger.warn("repurchase detected");
           p.proposalStatus = ProposalStatus.REPURCHASE;
           p.repurchaseProposalId = differentPurchase.proposalId;
-          await tx.put(Stores.proposals, p);
+          await tx.proposals.put(p);
           return;
         }
       }
       p.proposalStatus = ProposalStatus.PROPOSED;
-      await tx.put(Stores.proposals, p);
-    },
-  );
+      await tx.proposals.put(p);
+    });
 
   ws.notify({
     type: NotificationType.ProposalDownloaded,
@@ -806,10 +839,14 @@ async function startDownloadProposal(
   sessionId: string | undefined,
   claimToken: string | undefined,
 ): Promise<string> {
-  const oldProposal = await ws.db.getIndexed(
-    Stores.proposals.urlAndOrderIdIndex,
-    [merchantBaseUrl, orderId],
-  );
+  const oldProposal = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({ proposals: x.proposals }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      return tx.proposals.indexes.byUrlAndOrderId.get([
+        merchantBaseUrl,
+        orderId,
+      ]);
+    });
   if (oldProposal) {
     await processDownloadProposal(ws, oldProposal.proposalId);
     return oldProposal.proposalId;
@@ -834,17 +871,19 @@ async function startDownloadProposal(
     downloadSessionId: sessionId,
   };
 
-  await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction([Stores.proposals], async (tx) => {
-    const existingRecord = await tx.getIndexed(
-      Stores.proposals.urlAndOrderIdIndex,
-      [merchantBaseUrl, orderId],
-    );
-    if (existingRecord) {
-      // Created concurrently
-      return;
-    }
-    await tx.put(Stores.proposals, proposalRecord);
-  });
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({ proposals: x.proposals }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const existingRecord = tx.proposals.indexes.byUrlAndOrderId.get([
+        merchantBaseUrl,
+        orderId,
+      ]);
+      if (existingRecord) {
+        // Created concurrently
+        return;
+      }
+      await tx.proposals.put(proposalRecord);
+    });
 
   await processDownloadProposal(ws, proposalId);
   return proposalId;
@@ -857,37 +896,38 @@ async function storeFirstPaySuccess(
   paySig: string,
 ): Promise<void> {
   const now = getTimestampNow();
-  await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction([Stores.purchases], async (tx) => {
-    const purchase = await tx.get(Stores.purchases, proposalId);
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({ purchases: x.purchases }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const purchase = await tx.purchases.get(proposalId);
 
-    if (!purchase) {
-      logger.warn("purchase does not exist anymore");
-      return;
-    }
-    const isFirst = purchase.timestampFirstSuccessfulPay === undefined;
-    if (!isFirst) {
-      logger.warn("payment success already stored");
-      return;
-    }
-    purchase.timestampFirstSuccessfulPay = now;
-    purchase.paymentSubmitPending = false;
-    purchase.lastPayError = undefined;
-    purchase.lastSessionId = sessionId;
-    purchase.payRetryInfo = initRetryInfo(false);
-    purchase.merchantPaySig = paySig;
-    if (isFirst) {
-      const ar = purchase.download.contractData.autoRefund;
-      if (ar) {
-        logger.info("auto_refund present");
-        purchase.refundQueryRequested = true;
-        purchase.refundStatusRetryInfo = initRetryInfo();
-        purchase.lastRefundStatusError = undefined;
-        purchase.autoRefundDeadline = timestampAddDuration(now, ar);
+      if (!purchase) {
+        logger.warn("purchase does not exist anymore");
+        return;
       }
-    }
-
-    await tx.put(Stores.purchases, purchase);
-  });
+      const isFirst = purchase.timestampFirstSuccessfulPay === undefined;
+      if (!isFirst) {
+        logger.warn("payment success already stored");
+        return;
+      }
+      purchase.timestampFirstSuccessfulPay = now;
+      purchase.paymentSubmitPending = false;
+      purchase.lastPayError = undefined;
+      purchase.lastSessionId = sessionId;
+      purchase.payRetryInfo = initRetryInfo(false);
+      purchase.merchantPaySig = paySig;
+      if (isFirst) {
+        const ar = purchase.download.contractData.autoRefund;
+        if (ar) {
+          logger.info("auto_refund present");
+          purchase.refundQueryRequested = true;
+          purchase.refundStatusRetryInfo = initRetryInfo();
+          purchase.lastRefundStatusError = undefined;
+          purchase.autoRefundDeadline = timestampAddDuration(now, ar);
+        }
+      }
+      await tx.purchases.put(purchase);
+    });
 }
 
 async function storePayReplaySuccess(
@@ -895,23 +935,25 @@ async function storePayReplaySuccess(
   proposalId: string,
   sessionId: string | undefined,
 ): Promise<void> {
-  await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction([Stores.purchases], async (tx) => {
-    const purchase = await tx.get(Stores.purchases, proposalId);
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({ purchases: x.purchases }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const purchase = await tx.purchases.get(proposalId);
 
-    if (!purchase) {
-      logger.warn("purchase does not exist anymore");
-      return;
-    }
-    const isFirst = purchase.timestampFirstSuccessfulPay === undefined;
-    if (isFirst) {
-      throw Error("invalid payment state");
-    }
-    purchase.paymentSubmitPending = false;
-    purchase.lastPayError = undefined;
-    purchase.payRetryInfo = initRetryInfo(false);
-    purchase.lastSessionId = sessionId;
-    await tx.put(Stores.purchases, purchase);
-  });
+      if (!purchase) {
+        logger.warn("purchase does not exist anymore");
+        return;
+      }
+      const isFirst = purchase.timestampFirstSuccessfulPay === undefined;
+      if (isFirst) {
+        throw Error("invalid payment state");
+      }
+      purchase.paymentSubmitPending = false;
+      purchase.lastPayError = undefined;
+      purchase.payRetryInfo = initRetryInfo(false);
+      purchase.lastSessionId = sessionId;
+      await tx.purchases.put(purchase);
+    });
 }
 
 /**
@@ -929,7 +971,11 @@ async function handleInsufficientFunds(
 ): Promise<void> {
   logger.trace("handling insufficient funds, trying to re-select coins");
 
-  const proposal = await ws.db.get(Stores.purchases, proposalId);
+  const proposal = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({ purchaes: x.purchases }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      return tx.purchaes.get(proposalId);
+    });
   if (!proposal) {
     return;
   }
@@ -961,30 +1007,34 @@ async function handleInsufficientFunds(
 
   const prevPayCoins: PreviousPayCoins = [];
 
-  for (let i = 0; i < proposal.payCoinSelection.coinPubs.length; i++) {
-    const coinPub = proposal.payCoinSelection.coinPubs[i];
-    if (coinPub === brokenCoinPub) {
-      continue;
-    }
-    const contrib = proposal.payCoinSelection.coinContributions[i];
-    const coin = await ws.db.get(Stores.coins, coinPub);
-    if (!coin) {
-      continue;
-    }
-    const denom = await ws.db.get(Stores.denominations, [
-      coin.exchangeBaseUrl,
-      coin.denomPubHash,
-    ]);
-    if (!denom) {
-      continue;
-    }
-    prevPayCoins.push({
-      coinPub,
-      contribution: contrib,
-      exchangeBaseUrl: coin.exchangeBaseUrl,
-      feeDeposit: denom.feeDeposit,
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({ coins: x.coins, denominations: x.denominations }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      for (let i = 0; i < proposal.payCoinSelection.coinPubs.length; i++) {
+        const coinPub = proposal.payCoinSelection.coinPubs[i];
+        if (coinPub === brokenCoinPub) {
+          continue;
+        }
+        const contrib = proposal.payCoinSelection.coinContributions[i];
+        const coin = await tx.coins.get(coinPub);
+        if (!coin) {
+          continue;
+        }
+        const denom = await tx.denominations.get([
+          coin.exchangeBaseUrl,
+          coin.denomPubHash,
+        ]);
+        if (!denom) {
+          continue;
+        }
+        prevPayCoins.push({
+          coinPub,
+          contribution: contrib,
+          exchangeBaseUrl: coin.exchangeBaseUrl,
+          feeDeposit: denom.feeDeposit,
+        });
+      }
     });
-  }
 
   const res = selectPayCoins({
     candidates,
@@ -1002,24 +1052,23 @@ async function handleInsufficientFunds(
 
   logger.trace("re-selected coins");
 
-  await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction(
-    [
-      Stores.purchases,
-      Stores.coins,
-      Stores.denominations,
-      Stores.refreshGroups,
-    ],
-    async (tx) => {
-      const p = await tx.get(Stores.purchases, proposalId);
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      purchases: x.purchases,
+      coins: x.coins,
+      denominations: x.denominations,
+      refreshGroups: x.refreshGroups,
+    }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const p = await tx.purchases.get(proposalId);
       if (!p) {
         return;
       }
       p.payCoinSelection = res;
       p.coinDepositPermissions = undefined;
-      await tx.put(Stores.purchases, p);
+      await tx.purchases.put(p);
       await applyCoinSpend(ws, tx, res);
-    },
-  );
+    });
 }
 
 /**
@@ -1032,7 +1081,11 @@ async function submitPay(
   ws: InternalWalletState,
   proposalId: string,
 ): Promise<ConfirmPayResult> {
-  const purchase = await ws.db.get(Stores.purchases, proposalId);
+  const purchase = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({ purchases: x.purchases }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      return tx.purchases.get(proposalId);
+    });
   if (!purchase) {
     throw Error("Purchase not found: " + proposalId);
   }
@@ -1202,7 +1255,11 @@ export async function checkPaymentByProposalId(
   proposalId: string,
   sessionId?: string,
 ): Promise<PreparePayResult> {
-  let proposal = await ws.db.get(Stores.proposals, proposalId);
+  let proposal = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({ proposals: x.proposals }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      return tx.proposals.get(proposalId);
+    });
   if (!proposal) {
     throw Error(`could not get proposal ${proposalId}`);
   }
@@ -1212,7 +1269,11 @@ export async function checkPaymentByProposalId(
       throw Error("invalid proposal state");
     }
     logger.trace("using existing purchase for same product");
-    proposal = await ws.db.get(Stores.proposals, existingProposalId);
+    proposal = await ws.db
+      .mktx((x) => ({ proposals: x.proposals }))
+      .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+        return tx.proposals.get(existingProposalId);
+      });
     if (!proposal) {
       throw Error("existing proposal is in wrong state");
     }
@@ -1231,7 +1292,11 @@ export async function checkPaymentByProposalId(
   proposalId = proposal.proposalId;
 
   // First check if we already paid for it.
-  const purchase = await ws.db.get(Stores.purchases, proposalId);
+  const purchase = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({ purchases: x.purchases }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      return tx.purchases.get(proposalId);
+    });
 
   if (!purchase) {
     // If not already paid, check if we could pay for it.
@@ -1281,14 +1346,16 @@ export async function checkPaymentByProposalId(
     logger.trace(
       "automatically re-submitting payment with different session ID",
     );
-    await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction([Stores.purchases], async (tx) => {
-      const p = await tx.get(Stores.purchases, proposalId);
-      if (!p) {
-        return;
-      }
-      p.lastSessionId = sessionId;
-      await tx.put(Stores.purchases, p);
-    });
+    await ws.db
+      .mktx((x) => ({ purchases: x.purchases }))
+      .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+        const p = await tx.purchases.get(proposalId);
+        if (!p) {
+          return;
+        }
+        p.lastSessionId = sessionId;
+        await tx.purchases.put(p);
+      });
     const r = await guardOperationException(
       () => submitPay(ws, proposalId),
       (e: TalerErrorDetails): Promise<void> =>
@@ -1375,20 +1442,33 @@ export async function generateDepositPermissions(
   contractData: WalletContractData,
 ): Promise<CoinDepositPermission[]> {
   const depositPermissions: CoinDepositPermission[] = [];
+  const coinWithDenom: Array<{
+    coin: CoinRecord;
+    denom: DenominationRecord;
+  }> = [];
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({ coins: x.coins, denominations: x.denominations }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      for (let i = 0; i < payCoinSel.coinPubs.length; i++) {
+        const coin = await tx.coins.get(payCoinSel.coinPubs[i]);
+        if (!coin) {
+          throw Error("can't pay, allocated coin not found anymore");
+        }
+        const denom = await tx.denominations.get([
+          coin.exchangeBaseUrl,
+          coin.denomPubHash,
+        ]);
+        if (!denom) {
+          throw Error(
+            "can't pay, denomination of allocated coin not found anymore",
+          );
+        }
+        coinWithDenom.push({ coin, denom });
+      }
+    });
+
   for (let i = 0; i < payCoinSel.coinPubs.length; i++) {
-    const coin = await ws.db.get(Stores.coins, payCoinSel.coinPubs[i]);
-    if (!coin) {
-      throw Error("can't pay, allocated coin not found anymore");
-    }
-    const denom = await ws.db.get(Stores.denominations, [
-      coin.exchangeBaseUrl,
-      coin.denomPubHash,
-    ]);
-    if (!denom) {
-      throw Error(
-        "can't pay, denomination of allocated coin not found anymore",
-      );
-    }
+    const { coin, denom } = coinWithDenom[i];
     const dp = await ws.cryptoApi.signDepositPermission({
       coinPriv: coin.coinPriv,
       coinPub: coin.coinPub,
@@ -1419,7 +1499,11 @@ export async function confirmPay(
   logger.trace(
     `executing confirmPay with proposalId ${proposalId} and sessionIdOverride ${sessionIdOverride}`,
   );
-  const proposal = await ws.db.get(Stores.proposals, proposalId);
+  const proposal = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({ proposals: x.proposals }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      return tx.proposals.get(proposalId);
+    });
 
   if (!proposal) {
     throw Error(`proposal with id ${proposalId} not found`);
@@ -1430,20 +1514,24 @@ export async function confirmPay(
     throw Error("proposal is in invalid state");
   }
 
-  let purchase = await ws.db.get(Stores.purchases, proposalId);
+  const existingPurchase = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({ purchases: x.purchases }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const purchase = await tx.purchases.get(proposalId);
+      if (
+        purchase &&
+        sessionIdOverride !== undefined &&
+        sessionIdOverride != purchase.lastSessionId
+      ) {
+        logger.trace(`changing session ID to ${sessionIdOverride}`);
+        purchase.lastSessionId = sessionIdOverride;
+        purchase.paymentSubmitPending = true;
+        await tx.purchases.put(purchase);
+      }
+      return purchase;
+    });
 
-  if (purchase) {
-    if (
-      sessionIdOverride !== undefined &&
-      sessionIdOverride != purchase.lastSessionId
-    ) {
-      logger.trace(`changing session ID to ${sessionIdOverride}`);
-      await ws.db.mutate(Stores.purchases, purchase.proposalId, (x) => {
-        x.lastSessionId = sessionIdOverride;
-        x.paymentSubmitPending = true;
-        return x;
-      });
-    }
+  if (existingPurchase) {
     logger.trace("confirmPay: submitting payment for existing purchase");
     return await guardOperationException(
       () => submitPay(ws, proposalId),
@@ -1491,7 +1579,7 @@ export async function confirmPay(
     res,
     d.contractData,
   );
-  purchase = await recordConfirmPay(
+  await recordConfirmPay(
     ws,
     proposal,
     res,
@@ -1523,12 +1611,15 @@ async function resetPurchasePayRetry(
   ws: InternalWalletState,
   proposalId: string,
 ): Promise<void> {
-  await ws.db.mutate(Stores.purchases, proposalId, (x) => {
-    if (x.payRetryInfo.active) {
-      x.payRetryInfo = initRetryInfo();
-    }
-    return x;
-  });
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({ purchases: x.purchases }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const p = await tx.purchases.get(proposalId);
+      if (p) {
+        p.payRetryInfo = initRetryInfo();
+        await tx.purchases.put(p);
+      }
+    });
 }
 
 async function processPurchasePayImpl(
@@ -1539,7 +1630,11 @@ async function processPurchasePayImpl(
   if (forceNow) {
     await resetPurchasePayRetry(ws, proposalId);
   }
-  const purchase = await ws.db.get(Stores.purchases, proposalId);
+  const purchase = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({ purchases: x.purchases }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      return tx.purchases.get(proposalId);
+    });
   if (!purchase) {
     return;
   }
@@ -1554,10 +1649,9 @@ export async function refuseProposal(
   ws: InternalWalletState,
   proposalId: string,
 ): Promise<void> {
-  const success = await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction(
-    [Stores.proposals],
+  const success = await ws.db.mktx((x) => ({proposals: x.proposals})).runReadWrite(
     async (tx) => {
-      const proposal = await tx.get(Stores.proposals, proposalId);
+      const proposal = await tx.proposals.get(proposalId);
       if (!proposal) {
         logger.trace(`proposal ${proposalId} not found, won't refuse proposal`);
         return false;
@@ -1566,7 +1660,7 @@ export async function refuseProposal(
         return false;
       }
       proposal.proposalStatus = ProposalStatus.REFUSED;
-      await tx.put(Stores.proposals, proposal);
+      await tx.proposals.put(proposal);
       return true;
     },
   );
diff --git a/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/pending.ts b/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/pending.ts
index 85f8faa18..d3904c426 100644
--- a/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/pending.ts
+++ b/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/pending.ts
@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@ import {
   ExchangeUpdateStatus,
   ProposalStatus,
   ReserveRecordStatus,
-  Stores,
   AbortStatus,
+  WalletStoresV1,
 } from "../db.js";
 import {
   PendingOperationsResponse,
@@ -37,10 +37,10 @@ import {
   getDurationRemaining,
   durationMin,
 } from "@gnu-taler/taler-util";
-import { TransactionHandle } from "../util/query";
 import { InternalWalletState } from "./state";
 import { getBalancesInsideTransaction } from "./balance";
 import { getExchangeDetails } from "./exchanges.js";
+import { GetReadOnlyAccess } from "../util/query.js";
 
 function updateRetryDelay(
   oldDelay: Duration,
@@ -53,14 +53,15 @@ function updateRetryDelay(
 }
 
 async function gatherExchangePending(
-  tx: TransactionHandle<
-    typeof Stores.exchanges | typeof Stores.exchangeDetails
-  >,
+  tx: GetReadOnlyAccess<{
+    exchanges: typeof WalletStoresV1.exchanges;
+    exchangeDetails: typeof WalletStoresV1.exchangeDetails;
+  }>,
   now: Timestamp,
   resp: PendingOperationsResponse,
   onlyDue = false,
 ): Promise<void> {
-  await tx.iter(Stores.exchanges).forEachAsync(async (e) => {
+  await tx.exchanges.iter().forEachAsync(async (e) => {
     switch (e.updateStatus) {
       case ExchangeUpdateStatus.Finished:
         if (e.lastError) {
@@ -153,13 +154,13 @@ async function gatherExchangePending(
 }
 
 async function gatherReservePending(
-  tx: TransactionHandle<typeof Stores.reserves>,
+  tx: GetReadOnlyAccess<{ reserves: typeof WalletStoresV1.reserves }>,
   now: Timestamp,
   resp: PendingOperationsResponse,
   onlyDue = false,
 ): Promise<void> {
   // FIXME: this should be optimized by using an index for "onlyDue==true".
-  await tx.iter(Stores.reserves).forEach((reserve) => {
+  await tx.reserves.iter().forEach((reserve) => {
     const reserveType = reserve.bankInfo
       ? ReserveType.TalerBankWithdraw
       : ReserveType.Manual;
@@ -207,12 +208,12 @@ async function gatherReservePending(
 }
 
 async function gatherRefreshPending(
-  tx: TransactionHandle<typeof Stores.refreshGroups>,
+  tx: GetReadOnlyAccess<{ refreshGroups: typeof WalletStoresV1.refreshGroups }>,
   now: Timestamp,
   resp: PendingOperationsResponse,
   onlyDue = false,
 ): Promise<void> {
-  await tx.iter(Stores.refreshGroups).forEach((r) => {
+  await tx.refreshGroups.iter().forEach((r) => {
     if (r.timestampFinished) {
       return;
     }
@@ -236,12 +237,15 @@ async function gatherRefreshPending(
 }
 
 async function gatherWithdrawalPending(
-  tx: TransactionHandle<typeof Stores.withdrawalGroups>,
+  tx: GetReadOnlyAccess<{
+    withdrawalGroups: typeof WalletStoresV1.withdrawalGroups;
+    planchets: typeof WalletStoresV1.planchets,
+  }>,
   now: Timestamp,
   resp: PendingOperationsResponse,
   onlyDue = false,
 ): Promise<void> {
-  await tx.iter(Stores.withdrawalGroups).forEachAsync(async (wsr) => {
+  await tx.withdrawalGroups.iter().forEachAsync(async (wsr) => {
     if (wsr.timestampFinish) {
       return;
     }
@@ -255,8 +259,8 @@ async function gatherWithdrawalPending(
     }
     let numCoinsWithdrawn = 0;
     let numCoinsTotal = 0;
-    await tx
-      .iterIndexed(Stores.planchets.byGroup, wsr.withdrawalGroupId)
+    await tx.planchets.indexes.byGroup
+      .iter(wsr.withdrawalGroupId)
       .forEach((x) => {
         numCoinsTotal++;
         if (x.withdrawalDone) {
@@ -276,12 +280,12 @@ async function gatherWithdrawalPending(
 }
 
 async function gatherProposalPending(
-  tx: TransactionHandle<typeof Stores.proposals>,
+  tx: GetReadOnlyAccess<{ proposals: typeof WalletStoresV1.proposals }>,
   now: Timestamp,
   resp: PendingOperationsResponse,
   onlyDue = false,
 ): Promise<void> {
-  await tx.iter(Stores.proposals).forEach((proposal) => {
+  await tx.proposals.iter().forEach((proposal) => {
     if (proposal.proposalStatus == ProposalStatus.PROPOSED) {
       if (onlyDue) {
         return;
@@ -327,12 +331,12 @@ async function gatherProposalPending(
 }
 
 async function gatherTipPending(
-  tx: TransactionHandle<typeof Stores.tips>,
+  tx: GetReadOnlyAccess<{ tips: typeof WalletStoresV1.tips }>,
   now: Timestamp,
   resp: PendingOperationsResponse,
   onlyDue = false,
 ): Promise<void> {
-  await tx.iter(Stores.tips).forEach((tip) => {
+  await tx.tips.iter().forEach((tip) => {
     if (tip.pickedUpTimestamp) {
       return;
     }
@@ -357,12 +361,12 @@ async function gatherTipPending(
 }
 
 async function gatherPurchasePending(
-  tx: TransactionHandle<typeof Stores.purchases>,
+  tx: GetReadOnlyAccess<{ purchases: typeof WalletStoresV1.purchases }>,
   now: Timestamp,
   resp: PendingOperationsResponse,
   onlyDue = false,
 ): Promise<void> {
-  await tx.iter(Stores.purchases).forEach((pr) => {
+  await tx.purchases.iter().forEach((pr) => {
     if (pr.paymentSubmitPending && pr.abortStatus === AbortStatus.None) {
       resp.nextRetryDelay = updateRetryDelay(
         resp.nextRetryDelay,
@@ -400,12 +404,12 @@ async function gatherPurchasePending(
 }
 
 async function gatherRecoupPending(
-  tx: TransactionHandle<typeof Stores.recoupGroups>,
+  tx: GetReadOnlyAccess<{ recoupGroups: typeof WalletStoresV1.recoupGroups }>,
   now: Timestamp,
   resp: PendingOperationsResponse,
   onlyDue = false,
 ): Promise<void> {
-  await tx.iter(Stores.recoupGroups).forEach((rg) => {
+  await tx.recoupGroups.iter().forEach((rg) => {
     if (rg.timestampFinished) {
       return;
     }
@@ -428,12 +432,12 @@ async function gatherRecoupPending(
 }
 
 async function gatherDepositPending(
-  tx: TransactionHandle<typeof Stores.depositGroups>,
+  tx: GetReadOnlyAccess<{ depositGroups: typeof WalletStoresV1.depositGroups }>,
   now: Timestamp,
   resp: PendingOperationsResponse,
   onlyDue = false,
 ): Promise<void> {
-  await tx.iter(Stores.depositGroups).forEach((dg) => {
+  await tx.depositGroups.iter().forEach((dg) => {
     if (dg.timestampFinished) {
       return;
     }
@@ -460,20 +464,20 @@ export async function getPendingOperations(
   { onlyDue = false } = {},
 ): Promise<PendingOperationsResponse> {
   const now = getTimestampNow();
-  return await ws.db.runWithReadTransaction(
-    [
-      Stores.exchanges,
-      Stores.reserves,
-      Stores.refreshGroups,
-      Stores.coins,
-      Stores.withdrawalGroups,
-      Stores.proposals,
-      Stores.tips,
-      Stores.purchases,
-      Stores.recoupGroups,
-      Stores.planchets,
-      Stores.depositGroups,
-    ],
+  return await ws.db.mktx((x) => ({
+    exchanges: x.exchanges,
+    exchangeDetails: x.exchangeDetails,
+    reserves: x.reserves,
+    refreshGroups: x.refreshGroups,
+    coins: x.coins,
+    withdrawalGroups: x.withdrawalGroups,
+    proposals: x.proposals,
+    tips: x.tips,
+    purchases: x.purchases,
+    planchets: x.planchets,
+    depositGroups: x.depositGroups,
+    recoupGroups: x.recoupGroups,
+  })).runReadWrite(
     async (tx) => {
       const walletBalance = await getBalancesInsideTransaction(ws, tx);
       const resp: PendingOperationsResponse = {
diff --git a/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/recoup.ts b/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/recoup.ts
index da01ca825..7dac7faf4 100644
--- a/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/recoup.ts
+++ b/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/recoup.ts
@@ -40,20 +40,19 @@ import {
   RecoupGroupRecord,
   RefreshCoinSource,
   ReserveRecordStatus,
-  Stores,
   WithdrawCoinSource,
+  WalletStoresV1,
 } from "../db.js";
 
 import { readSuccessResponseJsonOrThrow } from "../util/http";
 import { Logger } from "@gnu-taler/taler-util";
-import { TransactionHandle } from "../util/query";
 import { initRetryInfo, updateRetryInfoTimeout } from "../util/retries";
 import { URL } from "../util/url";
 import { guardOperationException } from "./errors";
-import { getExchangeDetails } from "./exchanges.js";
 import { createRefreshGroup, processRefreshGroup } from "./refresh";
 import { getReserveRequestTimeout, processReserve } from "./reserves";
 import { InternalWalletState } from "./state";
+import { GetReadWriteAccess } from "../util/query.js";
 
 const logger = new Logger("operations/recoup.ts");
 
@@ -62,19 +61,23 @@ async function incrementRecoupRetry(
   recoupGroupId: string,
   err: TalerErrorDetails | undefined,
 ): Promise<void> {
-  await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction([Stores.recoupGroups], async (tx) => {
-    const r = await tx.get(Stores.recoupGroups, recoupGroupId);
-    if (!r) {
-      return;
-    }
-    if (!r.retryInfo) {
-      return;
-    }
-    r.retryInfo.retryCounter++;
-    updateRetryInfoTimeout(r.retryInfo);
-    r.lastError = err;
-    await tx.put(Stores.recoupGroups, r);
-  });
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      recoupGroups: x.recoupGroups,
+    }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const r = await tx.recoupGroups.get(recoupGroupId);
+      if (!r) {
+        return;
+      }
+      if (!r.retryInfo) {
+        return;
+      }
+      r.retryInfo.retryCounter++;
+      updateRetryInfoTimeout(r.retryInfo);
+      r.lastError = err;
+      await tx.recoupGroups.put(r);
+    });
   if (err) {
     ws.notify({ type: NotificationType.RecoupOperationError, error: err });
   }
@@ -82,7 +85,12 @@ async function incrementRecoupRetry(
 
 async function putGroupAsFinished(
   ws: InternalWalletState,
-  tx: TransactionHandle<typeof Stores.recoupGroups>,
+  tx: GetReadWriteAccess<{
+    recoupGroups: typeof WalletStoresV1.recoupGroups;
+    denominations: typeof WalletStoresV1.denominations;
+    refreshGroups: typeof WalletStoresV1.refreshGroups;
+    coins: typeof WalletStoresV1.coins;
+  }>,
   recoupGroup: RecoupGroupRecord,
   coinIdx: number,
 ): Promise<void> {
@@ -116,7 +124,7 @@ async function putGroupAsFinished(
       });
     }
   }
-  await tx.put(Stores.recoupGroups, recoupGroup);
+  await tx.recoupGroups.put(recoupGroup);
 }
 
 async function recoupTipCoin(
@@ -128,16 +136,23 @@ async function recoupTipCoin(
   // We can't really recoup a coin we got via tipping.
   // Thus we just put the coin to sleep.
   // FIXME: somehow report this to the user
-  await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction([Stores.recoupGroups], async (tx) => {
-    const recoupGroup = await tx.get(Stores.recoupGroups, recoupGroupId);
-    if (!recoupGroup) {
-      return;
-    }
-    if (recoupGroup.recoupFinishedPerCoin[coinIdx]) {
-      return;
-    }
-    await putGroupAsFinished(ws, tx, recoupGroup, coinIdx);
-  });
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      recoupGroups: x.recoupGroups,
+      denominations: WalletStoresV1.denominations,
+      refreshGroups: WalletStoresV1.refreshGroups,
+      coins: WalletStoresV1.coins,
+    }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const recoupGroup = await tx.recoupGroups.get(recoupGroupId);
+      if (!recoupGroup) {
+        return;
+      }
+      if (recoupGroup.recoupFinishedPerCoin[coinIdx]) {
+        return;
+      }
+      await putGroupAsFinished(ws, tx, recoupGroup, coinIdx);
+    });
 }
 
 async function recoupWithdrawCoin(
@@ -148,7 +163,13 @@ async function recoupWithdrawCoin(
   cs: WithdrawCoinSource,
 ): Promise<void> {
   const reservePub = cs.reservePub;
-  const reserve = await ws.db.get(Stores.reserves, reservePub);
+  const reserve = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      reserves: x.reserves,
+    }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      return tx.reserves.get(reservePub);
+    });
   if (!reserve) {
     // FIXME:  We should at least emit some pending operation / warning for this?
     return;
@@ -172,35 +193,29 @@ async function recoupWithdrawCoin(
     throw Error(`Coin's reserve doesn't match reserve on recoup`);
   }
 
-  const exchangeDetails = await ws.db.runWithReadTransaction(
-    [Stores.exchanges, Stores.exchangeDetails],
-    async (tx) => {
-      return getExchangeDetails(tx, reserve.exchangeBaseUrl);
-    },
-  );
-
-  if (!exchangeDetails) {
-    // FIXME: report inconsistency?
-    return;
-  }
-
   // FIXME: verify that our expectations about the amount match
 
-  await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction(
-    [Stores.coins, Stores.denominations, Stores.reserves, Stores.recoupGroups],
-    async (tx) => {
-      const recoupGroup = await tx.get(Stores.recoupGroups, recoupGroupId);
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      coins: x.coins,
+      denominations: x.denominations,
+      reserves: x.reserves,
+      recoupGroups: x.recoupGroups,
+      refreshGroups: x.refreshGroups,
+    }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const recoupGroup = await tx.recoupGroups.get(recoupGroupId);
       if (!recoupGroup) {
         return;
       }
       if (recoupGroup.recoupFinishedPerCoin[coinIdx]) {
         return;
       }
-      const updatedCoin = await tx.get(Stores.coins, coin.coinPub);
+      const updatedCoin = await tx.coins.get(coin.coinPub);
       if (!updatedCoin) {
         return;
       }
-      const updatedReserve = await tx.get(Stores.reserves, reserve.reservePub);
+      const updatedReserve = await tx.reserves.get(reserve.reservePub);
       if (!updatedReserve) {
         return;
       }
@@ -214,11 +229,10 @@ async function recoupWithdrawCoin(
         updatedReserve.requestedQuery = true;
         updatedReserve.retryInfo = initRetryInfo();
       }
-      await tx.put(Stores.coins, updatedCoin);
-      await tx.put(Stores.reserves, updatedReserve);
+      await tx.coins.put(updatedCoin);
+      await tx.reserves.put(updatedReserve);
       await putGroupAsFinished(ws, tx, recoupGroup, coinIdx);
-    },
-  );
+    });
 
   ws.notify({
     type: NotificationType.RecoupFinished,
@@ -250,38 +264,24 @@ async function recoupRefreshCoin(
     throw Error(`Coin's oldCoinPub doesn't match reserve on recoup`);
   }
 
-  const exchangeDetails = await ws.db.runWithReadTransaction(
-    [Stores.exchanges, Stores.exchangeDetails],
-    async (tx) => {
-      // FIXME:  Get the exchange details based on the
-      // exchange master public key instead of via just the URL.
-      return getExchangeDetails(tx, coin.exchangeBaseUrl);
-    },
-  );
-  if (!exchangeDetails) {
-    // FIXME: report inconsistency?
-    logger.warn("exchange details for recoup not found");
-    return;
-  }
-
-  await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction(
-    [
-      Stores.coins,
-      Stores.denominations,
-      Stores.reserves,
-      Stores.recoupGroups,
-      Stores.refreshGroups,
-    ],
-    async (tx) => {
-      const recoupGroup = await tx.get(Stores.recoupGroups, recoupGroupId);
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      coins: x.coins,
+      denominations: x.denominations,
+      reserves: x.reserves,
+      recoupGroups: x.recoupGroups,
+      refreshGroups: x.refreshGroups,
+    }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const recoupGroup = await tx.recoupGroups.get(recoupGroupId);
       if (!recoupGroup) {
         return;
       }
       if (recoupGroup.recoupFinishedPerCoin[coinIdx]) {
         return;
       }
-      const oldCoin = await tx.get(Stores.coins, cs.oldCoinPub);
-      const revokedCoin = await tx.get(Stores.coins, coin.coinPub);
+      const oldCoin = await tx.coins.get(cs.oldCoinPub);
+      const revokedCoin = await tx.coins.get(coin.coinPub);
       if (!revokedCoin) {
         logger.warn("revoked coin for recoup not found");
         return;
@@ -300,23 +300,27 @@ async function recoupRefreshCoin(
         Amounts.stringify(oldCoin.currentAmount),
       );
       recoupGroup.scheduleRefreshCoins.push(oldCoin.coinPub);
-      await tx.put(Stores.coins, revokedCoin);
-      await tx.put(Stores.coins, oldCoin);
+      await tx.coins.put(revokedCoin);
+      await tx.coins.put(oldCoin);
       await putGroupAsFinished(ws, tx, recoupGroup, coinIdx);
-    },
-  );
+    });
 }
 
 async function resetRecoupGroupRetry(
   ws: InternalWalletState,
   recoupGroupId: string,
 ): Promise<void> {
-  await ws.db.mutate(Stores.recoupGroups, recoupGroupId, (x) => {
-    if (x.retryInfo.active) {
-      x.retryInfo = initRetryInfo();
-    }
-    return x;
-  });
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      recoupGroups: x.recoupGroups,
+    }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const x = await tx.recoupGroups.get(recoupGroupId);
+      if (x && x.retryInfo.active) {
+        x.retryInfo = initRetryInfo();
+        await tx.recoupGroups.put(x);
+      }
+    });
 }
 
 export async function processRecoupGroup(
@@ -342,7 +346,13 @@ async function processRecoupGroupImpl(
   if (forceNow) {
     await resetRecoupGroupRetry(ws, recoupGroupId);
   }
-  const recoupGroup = await ws.db.get(Stores.recoupGroups, recoupGroupId);
+  const recoupGroup = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      recoupGroups: x.recoupGroups,
+    }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      return tx.recoupGroups.get(recoupGroupId);
+    });
   if (!recoupGroup) {
     return;
   }
@@ -358,9 +368,15 @@ async function processRecoupGroupImpl(
   const reserveSet = new Set<string>();
   for (let i = 0; i < recoupGroup.coinPubs.length; i++) {
     const coinPub = recoupGroup.coinPubs[i];
-    const coin = await ws.db.get(Stores.coins, coinPub);
+    const coin = await ws.db
+      .mktx((x) => ({
+        coins: x.coins,
+      }))
+      .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+        return tx.coins.get(coinPub);
+      });
     if (!coin) {
-      throw Error(`Coin ${coinPub} not found, can't request payback`);
+      throw Error(`Coin ${coinPub} not found, can't request recoup`);
     }
     if (coin.coinSource.type === CoinSourceType.Withdraw) {
       reserveSet.add(coin.coinSource.reservePub);
@@ -376,7 +392,12 @@ async function processRecoupGroupImpl(
 
 export async function createRecoupGroup(
   ws: InternalWalletState,
-  tx: TransactionHandle<typeof Stores.recoupGroups | typeof Stores.coins>,
+  tx: GetReadWriteAccess<{
+    recoupGroups: typeof WalletStoresV1.recoupGroups;
+    denominations: typeof WalletStoresV1.denominations;
+    refreshGroups: typeof WalletStoresV1.refreshGroups;
+    coins: typeof WalletStoresV1.coins;
+  }>,
   coinPubs: string[],
 ): Promise<string> {
   const recoupGroupId = encodeCrock(getRandomBytes(32));
@@ -396,7 +417,7 @@ export async function createRecoupGroup(
 
   for (let coinIdx = 0; coinIdx < coinPubs.length; coinIdx++) {
     const coinPub = coinPubs[coinIdx];
-    const coin = await tx.get(Stores.coins, coinPub);
+    const coin = await tx.coins.get(coinPub);
     if (!coin) {
       await putGroupAsFinished(ws, tx, recoupGroup, coinIdx);
       continue;
@@ -407,10 +428,10 @@ export async function createRecoupGroup(
     }
     recoupGroup.oldAmountPerCoin[coinIdx] = coin.currentAmount;
     coin.currentAmount = Amounts.getZero(coin.currentAmount.currency);
-    await tx.put(Stores.coins, coin);
+    await tx.coins.put(coin);
   }
 
-  await tx.put(Stores.recoupGroups, recoupGroup);
+  await tx.recoupGroups.put(recoupGroup);
 
   return recoupGroupId;
 }
@@ -420,22 +441,34 @@ async function processRecoup(
   recoupGroupId: string,
   coinIdx: number,
 ): Promise<void> {
-  const recoupGroup = await ws.db.get(Stores.recoupGroups, recoupGroupId);
-  if (!recoupGroup) {
-    return;
-  }
-  if (recoupGroup.timestampFinished) {
-    return;
-  }
-  if (recoupGroup.recoupFinishedPerCoin[coinIdx]) {
-    return;
-  }
+  const coin = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      recoupGroups: x.recoupGroups,
+      coins: x.coins,
+    }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      const recoupGroup = await tx.recoupGroups.get(recoupGroupId);
+      if (!recoupGroup) {
+        return;
+      }
+      if (recoupGroup.timestampFinished) {
+        return;
+      }
+      if (recoupGroup.recoupFinishedPerCoin[coinIdx]) {
+        return;
+      }
 
-  const coinPub = recoupGroup.coinPubs[coinIdx];
+      const coinPub = recoupGroup.coinPubs[coinIdx];
+
+      const coin = await tx.coins.get(coinPub);
+      if (!coin) {
+        throw Error(`Coin ${coinPub} not found, can't request payback`);
+      }
+      return coin;
+    });
 
-  const coin = await ws.db.get(Stores.coins, coinPub);
   if (!coin) {
-    throw Error(`Coin ${coinPub} not found, can't request payback`);
+    return;
   }
 
   const cs = coin.coinSource;
diff --git a/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/refresh.ts b/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/refresh.ts
index 6f4c9725a..8d21e811d 100644
--- a/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/refresh.ts
+++ b/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/refresh.ts
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ import {
   DenominationRecord,
   RefreshGroupRecord,
   RefreshPlanchet,
-  Stores,
+  WalletStoresV1,
 } from "../db.js";
 import {
   codecForExchangeMeltResponse,
@@ -38,7 +38,6 @@ import { amountToPretty } from "@gnu-taler/taler-util";
 import { readSuccessResponseJsonOrThrow } from "../util/http";
 import { checkDbInvariant } from "../util/invariants";
 import { Logger } from "@gnu-taler/taler-util";
-import { TransactionHandle } from "../util/query";
 import { initRetryInfo, updateRetryInfoTimeout } from "../util/retries";
 import {
   Duration,
@@ -57,6 +56,8 @@ import { updateExchangeFromUrl } from "./exchanges";
 import { EXCHANGE_COINS_LOCK, InternalWalletState } from "./state";
 import { isWithdrawableDenom, selectWithdrawalDenominations } from "./withdraw";
 import { RefreshNewDenomInfo } from "../crypto/cryptoTypes.js";
+import { GetReadWriteAccess } from "../util/query.js";
+import { Wallet } from "../wallet.js";
 
 const logger = new Logger("refresh.ts");
 
@@ -95,7 +96,7 @@ export function getTotalRefreshCost(
 }
 
 /**
- * Create a refresh session inside a refresh group.
+ * Create a refresh session for one particular coin inside a refresh group.
  */
 async function refreshCreateSession(
   ws: InternalWalletState,
@@ -105,45 +106,68 @@ async function refreshCreateSession(
   logger.trace(
     `creating refresh session for coin ${coinIndex} in refresh group ${refreshGroupId}`,
   );
-  const refreshGroup = await ws.db.get(Stores.refreshGroups, refreshGroupId);
-  if (!refreshGroup) {
-    return;
-  }
-  if (refreshGroup.finishedPerCoin[coinIndex]) {
-    return;
-  }
-  const existingRefreshSession = refreshGroup.refreshSessionPerCoin[coinIndex];
-  if (existingRefreshSession) {
+
+  const d = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      refreshGroups: x.refreshGroups,
+      coins: x.coins,
+    }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const refreshGroup = await tx.refreshGroups.get(refreshGroupId);
+      if (!refreshGroup) {
+        return;
+      }
+      if (refreshGroup.finishedPerCoin[coinIndex]) {
+        return;
+      }
+      const existingRefreshSession =
+        refreshGroup.refreshSessionPerCoin[coinIndex];
+      if (existingRefreshSession) {
+        return;
+      }
+      const oldCoinPub = refreshGroup.oldCoinPubs[coinIndex];
+      const coin = await tx.coins.get(oldCoinPub);
+      if (!coin) {
+        throw Error("Can't refresh, coin not found");
+      }
+      return { refreshGroup, coin };
+    });
+
+  if (!d) {
     return;
   }
-  const oldCoinPub = refreshGroup.oldCoinPubs[coinIndex];
-  const coin = await ws.db.get(Stores.coins, oldCoinPub);
-  if (!coin) {
-    throw Error("Can't refresh, coin not found");
-  }
+
+  const { refreshGroup, coin } = d;
 
   const { exchange } = await updateExchangeFromUrl(ws, coin.exchangeBaseUrl);
   if (!exchange) {
     throw Error("db inconsistent: exchange of coin not found");
   }
 
-  const oldDenom = await ws.db.get(Stores.denominations, [
-    exchange.baseUrl,
-    coin.denomPubHash,
-  ]);
+  const { availableAmount, availableDenoms } = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      denominations: x.denominations,
+    }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      const oldDenom = await tx.denominations.get([
+        exchange.baseUrl,
+        coin.denomPubHash,
+      ]);
 
-  if (!oldDenom) {
-    throw Error("db inconsistent: denomination for coin not found");
-  }
+      if (!oldDenom) {
+        throw Error("db inconsistent: denomination for coin not found");
+      }
 
-  const availableDenoms: DenominationRecord[] = await ws.db
-    .iterIndex(Stores.denominations.exchangeBaseUrlIndex, exchange.baseUrl)
-    .toArray();
+      const availableDenoms: DenominationRecord[] = await tx.denominations.indexes.byExchangeBaseUrl
+        .iter(exchange.baseUrl)
+        .toArray();
 
-  const availableAmount = Amounts.sub(
-    refreshGroup.inputPerCoin[coinIndex],
-    oldDenom.feeRefresh,
-  ).amount;
+      const availableAmount = Amounts.sub(
+        refreshGroup.inputPerCoin[coinIndex],
+        oldDenom.feeRefresh,
+      ).amount;
+      return { availableAmount, availableDenoms };
+    });
 
   const newCoinDenoms = selectWithdrawalDenominations(
     availableAmount,
@@ -156,10 +180,13 @@ async function refreshCreateSession(
         availableAmount,
       )} too small`,
     );
-    await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction(
-      [Stores.coins, Stores.refreshGroups],
-      async (tx) => {
-        const rg = await tx.get(Stores.refreshGroups, refreshGroupId);
+    await ws.db
+      .mktx((x) => ({
+        coins: x.coins,
+        refreshGroups: x.refreshGroups,
+      }))
+      .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+        const rg = await tx.refreshGroups.get(refreshGroupId);
         if (!rg) {
           return;
         }
@@ -175,9 +202,8 @@ async function refreshCreateSession(
           rg.timestampFinished = getTimestampNow();
           rg.retryInfo = initRetryInfo(false);
         }
-        await tx.put(Stores.refreshGroups, rg);
-      },
-    );
+        await tx.refreshGroups.put(rg);
+      });
     ws.notify({ type: NotificationType.RefreshUnwarranted });
     return;
   }
@@ -185,10 +211,13 @@ async function refreshCreateSession(
   const sessionSecretSeed = encodeCrock(getRandomBytes(64));
 
   // Store refresh session for this coin in the database.
-  await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction(
-    [Stores.refreshGroups, Stores.coins],
-    async (tx) => {
-      const rg = await tx.get(Stores.refreshGroups, refreshGroupId);
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      refreshGroups: x.refreshGroups,
+      coins: x.coins,
+    }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const rg = await tx.refreshGroups.get(refreshGroupId);
       if (!rg) {
         return;
       }
@@ -204,9 +233,8 @@ async function refreshCreateSession(
         })),
         amountRefreshOutput: newCoinDenoms.totalCoinValue,
       };
-      await tx.put(Stores.refreshGroups, rg);
-    },
-  );
+      await tx.refreshGroups.put(rg);
+    });
   logger.info(
     `created refresh session for coin #${coinIndex} in ${refreshGroupId}`,
   );
@@ -222,48 +250,63 @@ async function refreshMelt(
   refreshGroupId: string,
   coinIndex: number,
 ): Promise<void> {
-  const refreshGroup = await ws.db.get(Stores.refreshGroups, refreshGroupId);
-  if (!refreshGroup) {
-    return;
-  }
-  const refreshSession = refreshGroup.refreshSessionPerCoin[coinIndex];
-  if (!refreshSession) {
-    return;
-  }
-  if (refreshSession.norevealIndex !== undefined) {
-    return;
-  }
+  const d = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      refreshGroups: x.refreshGroups,
+      coins: x.coins,
+      denominations: x.denominations,
+    }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const refreshGroup = await tx.refreshGroups.get(refreshGroupId);
+      if (!refreshGroup) {
+        return;
+      }
+      const refreshSession = refreshGroup.refreshSessionPerCoin[coinIndex];
+      if (!refreshSession) {
+        return;
+      }
+      if (refreshSession.norevealIndex !== undefined) {
+        return;
+      }
 
-  const oldCoin = await ws.db.get(
-    Stores.coins,
-    refreshGroup.oldCoinPubs[coinIndex],
-  );
-  checkDbInvariant(!!oldCoin, "melt coin doesn't exist");
-  const oldDenom = await ws.db.get(Stores.denominations, [
-    oldCoin.exchangeBaseUrl,
-    oldCoin.denomPubHash,
-  ]);
-  checkDbInvariant(!!oldDenom, "denomination for melted coin doesn't exist");
+      const oldCoin = await tx.coins.get(refreshGroup.oldCoinPubs[coinIndex]);
+      checkDbInvariant(!!oldCoin, "melt coin doesn't exist");
+      const oldDenom = await tx.denominations.get([
+        oldCoin.exchangeBaseUrl,
+        oldCoin.denomPubHash,
+      ]);
+      checkDbInvariant(
+        !!oldDenom,
+        "denomination for melted coin doesn't exist",
+      );
 
-  const newCoinDenoms: RefreshNewDenomInfo[] = [];
+      const newCoinDenoms: RefreshNewDenomInfo[] = [];
 
-  for (const dh of refreshSession.newDenoms) {
-    const newDenom = await ws.db.get(Stores.denominations, [
-      oldCoin.exchangeBaseUrl,
-      dh.denomPubHash,
-    ]);
-    checkDbInvariant(
-      !!newDenom,
-      "new denomination for refresh not in database",
-    );
-    newCoinDenoms.push({
-      count: dh.count,
-      denomPub: newDenom.denomPub,
-      feeWithdraw: newDenom.feeWithdraw,
-      value: newDenom.value,
+      for (const dh of refreshSession.newDenoms) {
+        const newDenom = await tx.denominations.get([
+          oldCoin.exchangeBaseUrl,
+          dh.denomPubHash,
+        ]);
+        checkDbInvariant(
+          !!newDenom,
+          "new denomination for refresh not in database",
+        );
+        newCoinDenoms.push({
+          count: dh.count,
+          denomPub: newDenom.denomPub,
+          feeWithdraw: newDenom.feeWithdraw,
+          value: newDenom.value,
+        });
+      }
+      return { newCoinDenoms, oldCoin, oldDenom, refreshGroup, refreshSession };
     });
+
+  if (!d) {
+    return;
   }
 
+  const { newCoinDenoms, oldCoin, oldDenom, refreshGroup, refreshSession } = d;
+
   const derived = await ws.cryptoApi.deriveRefreshSession({
     kappa: 3,
     meltCoinDenomPubHash: oldCoin.denomPubHash,
@@ -303,20 +346,28 @@ async function refreshMelt(
 
   refreshSession.norevealIndex = norevealIndex;
 
-  await ws.db.mutate(Stores.refreshGroups, refreshGroupId, (rg) => {
-    const rs = rg.refreshSessionPerCoin[coinIndex];
-    if (rg.timestampFinished) {
-      return;
-    }
-    if (!rs) {
-      return;
-    }
-    if (rs.norevealIndex !== undefined) {
-      return;
-    }
-    rs.norevealIndex = norevealIndex;
-    return rg;
-  });
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      refreshGroups: x.refreshGroups,
+    }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const rg = await tx.refreshGroups.get(refreshGroupId);
+      if (!rg) {
+        return;
+      }
+      if (rg.timestampFinished) {
+        return;
+      }
+      const rs = rg.refreshSessionPerCoin[coinIndex];
+      if (!rs) {
+        return;
+      }
+      if (rs.norevealIndex !== undefined) {
+        return;
+      }
+      rs.norevealIndex = norevealIndex;
+      await tx.refreshGroups.put(rg);
+    });
 
   ws.notify({
     type: NotificationType.RefreshMelted,
@@ -328,49 +379,78 @@ async function refreshReveal(
   refreshGroupId: string,
   coinIndex: number,
 ): Promise<void> {
-  const refreshGroup = await ws.db.get(Stores.refreshGroups, refreshGroupId);
-  if (!refreshGroup) {
-    return;
-  }
-  const refreshSession = refreshGroup.refreshSessionPerCoin[coinIndex];
-  if (!refreshSession) {
-    return;
-  }
-  const norevealIndex = refreshSession.norevealIndex;
-  if (norevealIndex === undefined) {
-    throw Error("can't reveal without melting first");
-  }
+  const d = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      refreshGroups: x.refreshGroups,
+      coins: x.coins,
+      denominations: x.denominations,
+    }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      const refreshGroup = await tx.refreshGroups.get(refreshGroupId);
+      if (!refreshGroup) {
+        return;
+      }
+      const refreshSession = refreshGroup.refreshSessionPerCoin[coinIndex];
+      if (!refreshSession) {
+        return;
+      }
+      const norevealIndex = refreshSession.norevealIndex;
+      if (norevealIndex === undefined) {
+        throw Error("can't reveal without melting first");
+      }
 
-  const oldCoin = await ws.db.get(
-    Stores.coins,
-    refreshGroup.oldCoinPubs[coinIndex],
-  );
-  checkDbInvariant(!!oldCoin, "melt coin doesn't exist");
-  const oldDenom = await ws.db.get(Stores.denominations, [
-    oldCoin.exchangeBaseUrl,
-    oldCoin.denomPubHash,
-  ]);
-  checkDbInvariant(!!oldDenom, "denomination for melted coin doesn't exist");
+      const oldCoin = await tx.coins.get(refreshGroup.oldCoinPubs[coinIndex]);
+      checkDbInvariant(!!oldCoin, "melt coin doesn't exist");
+      const oldDenom = await tx.denominations.get([
+        oldCoin.exchangeBaseUrl,
+        oldCoin.denomPubHash,
+      ]);
+      checkDbInvariant(
+        !!oldDenom,
+        "denomination for melted coin doesn't exist",
+      );
 
-  const newCoinDenoms: RefreshNewDenomInfo[] = [];
+      const newCoinDenoms: RefreshNewDenomInfo[] = [];
 
-  for (const dh of refreshSession.newDenoms) {
-    const newDenom = await ws.db.get(Stores.denominations, [
-      oldCoin.exchangeBaseUrl,
-      dh.denomPubHash,
-    ]);
-    checkDbInvariant(
-      !!newDenom,
-      "new denomination for refresh not in database",
-    );
-    newCoinDenoms.push({
-      count: dh.count,
-      denomPub: newDenom.denomPub,
-      feeWithdraw: newDenom.feeWithdraw,
-      value: newDenom.value,
+      for (const dh of refreshSession.newDenoms) {
+        const newDenom = await tx.denominations.get([
+          oldCoin.exchangeBaseUrl,
+          dh.denomPubHash,
+        ]);
+        checkDbInvariant(
+          !!newDenom,
+          "new denomination for refresh not in database",
+        );
+        newCoinDenoms.push({
+          count: dh.count,
+          denomPub: newDenom.denomPub,
+          feeWithdraw: newDenom.feeWithdraw,
+          value: newDenom.value,
+        });
+      }
+      return {
+        oldCoin,
+        oldDenom,
+        newCoinDenoms,
+        refreshSession,
+        refreshGroup,
+        norevealIndex,
+      };
     });
+
+  if (!d) {
+    return;
   }
 
+  const {
+    oldCoin,
+    oldDenom,
+    newCoinDenoms,
+    refreshSession,
+    refreshGroup,
+    norevealIndex,
+  } = d;
+
   const derived = await ws.cryptoApi.deriveRefreshSession({
     kappa: 3,
     meltCoinDenomPubHash: oldCoin.denomPubHash,
@@ -389,14 +469,6 @@ async function refreshReveal(
     throw Error("refresh index error");
   }
 
-  const meltCoinRecord = await ws.db.get(
-    Stores.coins,
-    refreshGroup.oldCoinPubs[coinIndex],
-  );
-  if (!meltCoinRecord) {
-    throw Error("inconsistent database");
-  }
-
   const evs = planchets.map((x: RefreshPlanchet) => x.coinEv);
   const newDenomsFlat: string[] = [];
   const linkSigs: string[] = [];
@@ -406,9 +478,9 @@ async function refreshReveal(
     for (let j = 0; j < dsel.count; j++) {
       const newCoinIndex = linkSigs.length;
       const linkSig = await ws.cryptoApi.signCoinLink(
-        meltCoinRecord.coinPriv,
+        oldCoin.coinPriv,
         dsel.denomPubHash,
-        meltCoinRecord.coinPub,
+        oldCoin.coinPub,
         derived.transferPubs[norevealIndex],
         planchets[newCoinIndex].coinEv,
       );
@@ -447,10 +519,17 @@ async function refreshReveal(
   for (let i = 0; i < refreshSession.newDenoms.length; i++) {
     for (let j = 0; j < refreshSession.newDenoms[i].count; j++) {
       const newCoinIndex = coins.length;
-      const denom = await ws.db.get(Stores.denominations, [
-        oldCoin.exchangeBaseUrl,
-        refreshSession.newDenoms[i].denomPubHash,
-      ]);
+      // FIXME: Look up in earlier transaction!
+      const denom = await ws.db
+        .mktx((x) => ({
+          denominations: x.denominations,
+        }))
+        .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+          return tx.denominations.get([
+            oldCoin.exchangeBaseUrl,
+            refreshSession.newDenoms[i].denomPubHash,
+          ]);
+        });
       if (!denom) {
         console.error("denom not found");
         continue;
@@ -483,10 +562,13 @@ async function refreshReveal(
     }
   }
 
-  await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction(
-    [Stores.coins, Stores.refreshGroups],
-    async (tx) => {
-      const rg = await tx.get(Stores.refreshGroups, refreshGroupId);
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      coins: x.coins,
+      refreshGroups: x.refreshGroups,
+    }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const rg = await tx.refreshGroups.get(refreshGroupId);
       if (!rg) {
         logger.warn("no refresh session found");
         return;
@@ -508,11 +590,10 @@ async function refreshReveal(
         rg.retryInfo = initRetryInfo(false);
       }
       for (const coin of coins) {
-        await tx.put(Stores.coins, coin);
+        await tx.coins.put(coin);
       }
-      await tx.put(Stores.refreshGroups, rg);
-    },
-  );
+      await tx.refreshGroups.put(rg);
+    });
   logger.trace("refresh finished (end of reveal)");
   ws.notify({
     type: NotificationType.RefreshRevealed,
@@ -524,19 +605,23 @@ async function incrementRefreshRetry(
   refreshGroupId: string,
   err: TalerErrorDetails | undefined,
 ): Promise<void> {
-  await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction([Stores.refreshGroups], async (tx) => {
-    const r = await tx.get(Stores.refreshGroups, refreshGroupId);
-    if (!r) {
-      return;
-    }
-    if (!r.retryInfo) {
-      return;
-    }
-    r.retryInfo.retryCounter++;
-    updateRetryInfoTimeout(r.retryInfo);
-    r.lastError = err;
-    await tx.put(Stores.refreshGroups, r);
-  });
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      refreshGroups: x.refreshGroups,
+    }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const r = await tx.refreshGroups.get(refreshGroupId);
+      if (!r) {
+        return;
+      }
+      if (!r.retryInfo) {
+        return;
+      }
+      r.retryInfo.retryCounter++;
+      updateRetryInfoTimeout(r.retryInfo);
+      r.lastError = err;
+      await tx.refreshGroups.put(r);
+    });
   if (err) {
     ws.notify({ type: NotificationType.RefreshOperationError, error: err });
   }
@@ -562,14 +647,19 @@ export async function processRefreshGroup(
 
 async function resetRefreshGroupRetry(
   ws: InternalWalletState,
-  refreshSessionId: string,
+  refreshGroupId: string,
 ): Promise<void> {
-  await ws.db.mutate(Stores.refreshGroups, refreshSessionId, (x) => {
-    if (x.retryInfo.active) {
-      x.retryInfo = initRetryInfo();
-    }
-    return x;
-  });
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      refreshGroups: x.refreshGroups,
+    }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const x = await tx.refreshGroups.get(refreshGroupId);
+      if (x && x.retryInfo.active) {
+        x.retryInfo = initRetryInfo();
+        await tx.refreshGroups.put(x);
+      }
+    });
 }
 
 async function processRefreshGroupImpl(
@@ -580,13 +670,20 @@ async function processRefreshGroupImpl(
   if (forceNow) {
     await resetRefreshGroupRetry(ws, refreshGroupId);
   }
-  const refreshGroup = await ws.db.get(Stores.refreshGroups, refreshGroupId);
+  const refreshGroup = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      refreshGroups: x.refreshGroups,
+    }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      return tx.refreshGroups.get(refreshGroupId);
+    });
   if (!refreshGroup) {
     return;
   }
   if (refreshGroup.timestampFinished) {
     return;
   }
+  // Process refresh sessions of the group in parallel.
   const ps = refreshGroup.oldCoinPubs.map((x, i) =>
     processRefreshSession(ws, refreshGroupId, i),
   );
@@ -602,7 +699,11 @@ async function processRefreshSession(
   logger.trace(
     `processing refresh session for coin ${coinIndex} of group ${refreshGroupId}`,
   );
-  let refreshGroup = await ws.db.get(Stores.refreshGroups, refreshGroupId);
+  let refreshGroup = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({ refreshGroups: x.refreshGroups }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      return tx.refreshGroups.get(refreshGroupId);
+    });
   if (!refreshGroup) {
     return;
   }
@@ -611,7 +712,11 @@ async function processRefreshSession(
   }
   if (!refreshGroup.refreshSessionPerCoin[coinIndex]) {
     await refreshCreateSession(ws, refreshGroupId, coinIndex);
-    refreshGroup = await ws.db.get(Stores.refreshGroups, refreshGroupId);
+    refreshGroup = await ws.db
+      .mktx((x) => ({ refreshGroups: x.refreshGroups }))
+      .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+        return tx.refreshGroups.get(refreshGroupId);
+      });
     if (!refreshGroup) {
       return;
     }
@@ -646,11 +751,11 @@ async function processRefreshSession(
  */
 export async function createRefreshGroup(
   ws: InternalWalletState,
-  tx: TransactionHandle<
-    | typeof Stores.denominations
-    | typeof Stores.coins
-    | typeof Stores.refreshGroups
-  >,
+  tx: GetReadWriteAccess<{
+    denominations: typeof WalletStoresV1.denominations;
+    coins: typeof WalletStoresV1.coins;
+    refreshGroups: typeof WalletStoresV1.refreshGroups;
+  }>,
   oldCoinPubs: CoinPublicKey[],
   reason: RefreshReason,
 ): Promise<RefreshGroupId> {
@@ -667,8 +772,8 @@ export async function createRefreshGroup(
     if (denomsPerExchange[exchangeBaseUrl]) {
       return denomsPerExchange[exchangeBaseUrl];
     }
-    const allDenoms = await tx
-      .iterIndexed(Stores.denominations.exchangeBaseUrlIndex, exchangeBaseUrl)
+    const allDenoms = await tx.denominations.indexes.byExchangeBaseUrl
+      .iter(exchangeBaseUrl)
       .filter((x) => {
         return isWithdrawableDenom(x);
       });
@@ -677,9 +782,9 @@ export async function createRefreshGroup(
   };
 
   for (const ocp of oldCoinPubs) {
-    const coin = await tx.get(Stores.coins, ocp.coinPub);
+    const coin = await tx.coins.get(ocp.coinPub);
     checkDbInvariant(!!coin, "coin must be in database");
-    const denom = await tx.get(Stores.denominations, [
+    const denom = await tx.denominations.get([
       coin.exchangeBaseUrl,
       coin.denomPubHash,
     ]);
@@ -691,7 +796,7 @@ export async function createRefreshGroup(
     inputPerCoin.push(refreshAmount);
     coin.currentAmount = Amounts.getZero(refreshAmount.currency);
     coin.status = CoinStatus.Dormant;
-    await tx.put(Stores.coins, coin);
+    await tx.coins.put(coin);
     const denoms = await getDenoms(coin.exchangeBaseUrl);
     const cost = getTotalRefreshCost(denoms, denom, refreshAmount);
     const output = Amounts.sub(refreshAmount, cost).amount;
@@ -718,7 +823,7 @@ export async function createRefreshGroup(
     refreshGroup.timestampFinished = getTimestampNow();
   }
 
-  await tx.put(Stores.refreshGroups, refreshGroup);
+  await tx.refreshGroups.put(refreshGroup);
 
   logger.trace(`created refresh group ${refreshGroupId}`);
 
@@ -760,20 +865,20 @@ export async function autoRefresh(
   exchangeBaseUrl: string,
 ): Promise<void> {
   await updateExchangeFromUrl(ws, exchangeBaseUrl, true);
-  await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction(
-    [
-      Stores.coins,
-      Stores.denominations,
-      Stores.refreshGroups,
-      Stores.exchanges,
-    ],
-    async (tx) => {
-      const exchange = await tx.get(Stores.exchanges, exchangeBaseUrl);
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      coins: x.coins,
+      denominations: x.denominations,
+      refreshGroups: x.refreshGroups,
+      exchanges: x.exchanges,
+    }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const exchange = await tx.exchanges.get(exchangeBaseUrl);
       if (!exchange) {
         return;
       }
-      const coins = await tx
-        .iterIndexed(Stores.coins.exchangeBaseUrlIndex, exchangeBaseUrl)
+      const coins = await tx.coins.indexes.byBaseUrl
+        .iter(exchangeBaseUrl)
         .toArray();
       const refreshCoins: CoinPublicKey[] = [];
       for (const coin of coins) {
@@ -783,7 +888,7 @@ export async function autoRefresh(
         if (coin.suspended) {
           continue;
         }
-        const denom = await tx.get(Stores.denominations, [
+        const denom = await tx.denominations.get([
           exchangeBaseUrl,
           coin.denomPubHash,
         ]);
@@ -800,8 +905,8 @@ export async function autoRefresh(
         await createRefreshGroup(ws, tx, refreshCoins, RefreshReason.Scheduled);
       }
 
-      const denoms = await tx
-        .iterIndexed(Stores.denominations.exchangeBaseUrlIndex, exchangeBaseUrl)
+      const denoms = await tx.denominations.indexes.byExchangeBaseUrl
+        .iter(exchangeBaseUrl)
         .toArray();
       let minCheckThreshold = timestampAddDuration(
         getTimestampNow(),
@@ -817,7 +922,6 @@ export async function autoRefresh(
         minCheckThreshold = timestampMin(minCheckThreshold, checkThreshold);
       }
       exchange.nextRefreshCheck = minCheckThreshold;
-      await tx.put(Stores.exchanges, exchange);
-    },
-  );
+      await tx.exchanges.put(exchange);
+    });
 }
diff --git a/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/refund.ts b/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/refund.ts
index 2e2ab7803..ba0674f06 100644
--- a/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/refund.ts
+++ b/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/refund.ts
@@ -48,13 +48,21 @@ import {
 } from "@gnu-taler/taler-util";
 import { Logger } from "@gnu-taler/taler-util";
 import { readSuccessResponseJsonOrThrow } from "../util/http";
-import { TransactionHandle } from "../util/query";
 import { URL } from "../util/url";
 import { updateRetryInfoTimeout, initRetryInfo } from "../util/retries";
 import { checkDbInvariant } from "../util/invariants";
 import { TalerErrorCode } from "@gnu-taler/taler-util";
-import { Stores, PurchaseRecord, CoinStatus, RefundState, AbortStatus, RefundReason } from "../db.js";
+import {
+  PurchaseRecord,
+  CoinStatus,
+  RefundState,
+  AbortStatus,
+  RefundReason,
+  WalletStoresV1,
+} from "../db.js";
 import { getTotalRefreshCost, createRefreshGroup } from "./refresh.js";
+import { GetReadWriteAccess } from "../util/query.js";
+import { Wallet } from "../wallet.js";
 
 const logger = new Logger("refund.ts");
 
@@ -66,19 +74,23 @@ async function incrementPurchaseQueryRefundRetry(
   proposalId: string,
   err: TalerErrorDetails | undefined,
 ): Promise<void> {
-  await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction([Stores.purchases], async (tx) => {
-    const pr = await tx.get(Stores.purchases, proposalId);
-    if (!pr) {
-      return;
-    }
-    if (!pr.refundStatusRetryInfo) {
-      return;
-    }
-    pr.refundStatusRetryInfo.retryCounter++;
-    updateRetryInfoTimeout(pr.refundStatusRetryInfo);
-    pr.lastRefundStatusError = err;
-    await tx.put(Stores.purchases, pr);
-  });
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      purchases: x.purchases,
+    }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const pr = await tx.purchases.get(proposalId);
+      if (!pr) {
+        return;
+      }
+      if (!pr.refundStatusRetryInfo) {
+        return;
+      }
+      pr.refundStatusRetryInfo.retryCounter++;
+      updateRetryInfoTimeout(pr.refundStatusRetryInfo);
+      pr.lastRefundStatusError = err;
+      await tx.purchases.put(pr);
+    });
   if (err) {
     ws.notify({
       type: NotificationType.RefundStatusOperationError,
@@ -92,7 +104,10 @@ function getRefundKey(d: MerchantCoinRefundStatus): string {
 }
 
 async function applySuccessfulRefund(
-  tx: TransactionHandle<typeof Stores.coins | typeof Stores.denominations>,
+  tx: GetReadWriteAccess<{
+    coins: typeof WalletStoresV1.coins;
+    denominations: typeof WalletStoresV1.denominations;
+  }>,
   p: PurchaseRecord,
   refreshCoinsMap: Record<string, { coinPub: string }>,
   r: MerchantCoinRefundSuccessStatus,
@@ -100,12 +115,12 @@ async function applySuccessfulRefund(
   // FIXME: check signature before storing it as valid!
 
   const refundKey = getRefundKey(r);
-  const coin = await tx.get(Stores.coins, r.coin_pub);
+  const coin = await tx.coins.get(r.coin_pub);
   if (!coin) {
     logger.warn("coin not found, can't apply refund");
     return;
   }
-  const denom = await tx.get(Stores.denominations, [
+  const denom = await tx.denominations.get([
     coin.exchangeBaseUrl,
     coin.denomPubHash,
   ]);
@@ -119,13 +134,10 @@ async function applySuccessfulRefund(
   coin.currentAmount = Amounts.add(coin.currentAmount, refundAmount).amount;
   coin.currentAmount = Amounts.sub(coin.currentAmount, refundFee).amount;
   logger.trace(`coin amount after is ${Amounts.stringify(coin.currentAmount)}`);
-  await tx.put(Stores.coins, coin);
+  await tx.coins.put(coin);
 
-  const allDenoms = await tx
-    .iterIndexed(
-      Stores.denominations.exchangeBaseUrlIndex,
-      coin.exchangeBaseUrl,
-    )
+  const allDenoms = await tx.denominations.indexes.byExchangeBaseUrl
+    .iter(coin.exchangeBaseUrl)
     .toArray();
 
   const amountLeft = Amounts.sub(
@@ -153,18 +165,21 @@ async function applySuccessfulRefund(
 }
 
 async function storePendingRefund(
-  tx: TransactionHandle<typeof Stores.denominations | typeof Stores.coins>,
+  tx: GetReadWriteAccess<{
+    denominations: typeof WalletStoresV1.denominations;
+    coins: typeof WalletStoresV1.coins;
+  }>,
   p: PurchaseRecord,
   r: MerchantCoinRefundFailureStatus,
 ): Promise<void> {
   const refundKey = getRefundKey(r);
 
-  const coin = await tx.get(Stores.coins, r.coin_pub);
+  const coin = await tx.coins.get(r.coin_pub);
   if (!coin) {
     logger.warn("coin not found, can't apply refund");
     return;
   }
-  const denom = await tx.get(Stores.denominations, [
+  const denom = await tx.denominations.get([
     coin.exchangeBaseUrl,
     coin.denomPubHash,
   ]);
@@ -173,11 +188,8 @@ async function storePendingRefund(
     throw Error("inconsistent database");
   }
 
-  const allDenoms = await tx
-    .iterIndexed(
-      Stores.denominations.exchangeBaseUrlIndex,
-      coin.exchangeBaseUrl,
-    )
+  const allDenoms = await tx.denominations.indexes.byExchangeBaseUrl
+    .iter(coin.exchangeBaseUrl)
     .toArray();
 
   const amountLeft = Amounts.sub(
@@ -205,19 +217,22 @@ async function storePendingRefund(
 }
 
 async function storeFailedRefund(
-  tx: TransactionHandle<typeof Stores.coins | typeof Stores.denominations>,
+  tx: GetReadWriteAccess<{
+    coins: typeof WalletStoresV1.coins;
+    denominations: typeof WalletStoresV1.denominations;
+  }>,
   p: PurchaseRecord,
   refreshCoinsMap: Record<string, { coinPub: string }>,
   r: MerchantCoinRefundFailureStatus,
 ): Promise<void> {
   const refundKey = getRefundKey(r);
 
-  const coin = await tx.get(Stores.coins, r.coin_pub);
+  const coin = await tx.coins.get(r.coin_pub);
   if (!coin) {
     logger.warn("coin not found, can't apply refund");
     return;
   }
-  const denom = await tx.get(Stores.denominations, [
+  const denom = await tx.denominations.get([
     coin.exchangeBaseUrl,
     coin.denomPubHash,
   ]);
@@ -226,11 +241,8 @@ async function storeFailedRefund(
     throw Error("inconsistent database");
   }
 
-  const allDenoms = await tx
-    .iterIndexed(
-      Stores.denominations.exchangeBaseUrlIndex,
-      coin.exchangeBaseUrl,
-    )
+  const allDenoms = await tx.denominations.indexes.byExchangeBaseUrl
+    .iter(coin.exchangeBaseUrl)
     .toArray();
 
   const amountLeft = Amounts.sub(
@@ -260,12 +272,12 @@ async function storeFailedRefund(
     // Refund failed because the merchant didn't even try to deposit
     // the coin yet, so we try to refresh.
     if (r.exchange_code === TalerErrorCode.EXCHANGE_REFUND_DEPOSIT_NOT_FOUND) {
-      const coin = await tx.get(Stores.coins, r.coin_pub);
+      const coin = await tx.coins.get(r.coin_pub);
       if (!coin) {
         logger.warn("coin not found, can't apply refund");
         return;
       }
-      const denom = await tx.get(Stores.denominations, [
+      const denom = await tx.denominations.get([
         coin.exchangeBaseUrl,
         coin.denomPubHash,
       ]);
@@ -287,7 +299,7 @@ async function storeFailedRefund(
         ).amount;
       }
       refreshCoinsMap[coin.coinPub] = { coinPub: coin.coinPub };
-      await tx.put(Stores.coins, coin);
+      await tx.coins.put(coin);
     }
   }
 }
@@ -301,15 +313,15 @@ async function acceptRefunds(
   logger.trace("handling refunds", refunds);
   const now = getTimestampNow();
 
-  await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction(
-    [
-      Stores.purchases,
-      Stores.coins,
-      Stores.denominations,
-      Stores.refreshGroups,
-    ],
-    async (tx) => {
-      const p = await tx.get(Stores.purchases, proposalId);
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      purchases: x.purchases,
+      coins: x.coins,
+      denominations: x.denominations,
+      refreshGroups: x.refreshGroups,
+    }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const p = await tx.purchases.get(proposalId);
       if (!p) {
         logger.error("purchase not found, not adding refunds");
         return;
@@ -409,9 +421,8 @@ async function acceptRefunds(
         logger.trace("refund query not done");
       }
 
-      await tx.put(Stores.purchases, p);
-    },
-  );
+      await tx.purchases.put(p);
+    });
 
   ws.notify({
     type: NotificationType.RefundQueried,
@@ -444,10 +455,16 @@ export async function applyRefund(
     throw Error("invalid refund URI");
   }
 
-  let purchase = await ws.db.getIndexed(Stores.purchases.orderIdIndex, [
-    parseResult.merchantBaseUrl,
-    parseResult.orderId,
-  ]);
+  let purchase = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      purchases: x.purchases,
+    }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      return tx.purchases.indexes.byMerchantUrlAndOrderId.get([
+        parseResult.merchantBaseUrl,
+        parseResult.orderId,
+      ]);
+    });
 
   if (!purchase) {
     throw Error(
@@ -458,10 +475,12 @@ export async function applyRefund(
   const proposalId = purchase.proposalId;
 
   logger.info("processing purchase for refund");
-  const success = await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction(
-    [Stores.purchases],
-    async (tx) => {
-      const p = await tx.get(Stores.purchases, proposalId);
+  const success = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      purchases: x.purchases,
+    }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const p = await tx.purchases.get(proposalId);
       if (!p) {
         logger.error("no purchase found for refund URL");
         return false;
@@ -469,10 +488,9 @@ export async function applyRefund(
       p.refundQueryRequested = true;
       p.lastRefundStatusError = undefined;
       p.refundStatusRetryInfo = initRetryInfo();
-      await tx.put(Stores.purchases, p);
+      await tx.purchases.put(p);
       return true;
-    },
-  );
+    });
 
   if (success) {
     ws.notify({
@@ -481,7 +499,13 @@ export async function applyRefund(
     await processPurchaseQueryRefund(ws, proposalId);
   }
 
-  purchase = await ws.db.get(Stores.purchases, proposalId);
+  purchase = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      purchases: x.purchases,
+    }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      return tx.purchases.get(proposalId);
+    });
 
   if (!purchase) {
     throw Error("purchase no longer exists");
@@ -559,12 +583,17 @@ async function resetPurchaseQueryRefundRetry(
   ws: InternalWalletState,
   proposalId: string,
 ): Promise<void> {
-  await ws.db.mutate(Stores.purchases, proposalId, (x) => {
-    if (x.refundStatusRetryInfo.active) {
-      x.refundStatusRetryInfo = initRetryInfo();
-    }
-    return x;
-  });
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      purchases: x.purchases,
+    }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const x = await tx.purchases.get(proposalId);
+      if (x && x.refundStatusRetryInfo.active) {
+        x.refundStatusRetryInfo = initRetryInfo();
+        await tx.purchases.put(x);
+      }
+    });
 }
 
 async function processPurchaseQueryRefundImpl(
@@ -575,7 +604,13 @@ async function processPurchaseQueryRefundImpl(
   if (forceNow) {
     await resetPurchaseQueryRefundRetry(ws, proposalId);
   }
-  const purchase = await ws.db.get(Stores.purchases, proposalId);
+  const purchase = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      purchases: x.purchases,
+    }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      return tx.purchases.get(proposalId);
+    });
   if (!purchase) {
     return;
   }
@@ -589,7 +624,6 @@ async function processPurchaseQueryRefundImpl(
       `orders/${purchase.download.contractData.orderId}/refund`,
       purchase.download.contractData.merchantBaseUrl,
     );
-    
 
     logger.trace(`making refund request to ${requestUrl.href}`);
 
@@ -620,18 +654,25 @@ async function processPurchaseQueryRefundImpl(
     );
 
     const abortingCoins: AbortingCoin[] = [];
-    for (let i = 0; i < purchase.payCoinSelection.coinPubs.length; i++) {
-      const coinPub = purchase.payCoinSelection.coinPubs[i];
-      const coin = await ws.db.get(Stores.coins, coinPub);
-      checkDbInvariant(!!coin, "expected coin to be present");
-      abortingCoins.push({
-        coin_pub: coinPub,
-        contribution: Amounts.stringify(
-          purchase.payCoinSelection.coinContributions[i],
-        ),
-        exchange_url: coin.exchangeBaseUrl,
+
+    await ws.db
+      .mktx((x) => ({
+        coins: x.coins,
+      }))
+      .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+        for (let i = 0; i < purchase.payCoinSelection.coinPubs.length; i++) {
+          const coinPub = purchase.payCoinSelection.coinPubs[i];
+          const coin = await tx.coins.get(coinPub);
+          checkDbInvariant(!!coin, "expected coin to be present");
+          abortingCoins.push({
+            coin_pub: coinPub,
+            contribution: Amounts.stringify(
+              purchase.payCoinSelection.coinContributions[i],
+            ),
+            exchange_url: coin.exchangeBaseUrl,
+          });
+        }
       });
-    }
 
     const abortReq: AbortRequest = {
       h_contract: purchase.download.contractData.contractTermsHash,
@@ -678,26 +719,30 @@ export async function abortFailedPayWithRefund(
   ws: InternalWalletState,
   proposalId: string,
 ): Promise<void> {
-  await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction([Stores.purchases], async (tx) => {
-    const purchase = await tx.get(Stores.purchases, proposalId);
-    if (!purchase) {
-      throw Error("purchase not found");
-    }
-    if (purchase.timestampFirstSuccessfulPay) {
-      // No point in aborting it.  We don't even report an error.
-      logger.warn(`tried to abort successful payment`);
-      return;
-    }
-    if (purchase.abortStatus !== AbortStatus.None) {
-      return;
-    }
-    purchase.refundQueryRequested = true;
-    purchase.paymentSubmitPending = false;
-    purchase.abortStatus = AbortStatus.AbortRefund;
-    purchase.lastPayError = undefined;
-    purchase.payRetryInfo = initRetryInfo(false);
-    await tx.put(Stores.purchases, purchase);
-  });
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      purchases: x.purchases,
+    }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const purchase = await tx.purchases.get(proposalId);
+      if (!purchase) {
+        throw Error("purchase not found");
+      }
+      if (purchase.timestampFirstSuccessfulPay) {
+        // No point in aborting it.  We don't even report an error.
+        logger.warn(`tried to abort successful payment`);
+        return;
+      }
+      if (purchase.abortStatus !== AbortStatus.None) {
+        return;
+      }
+      purchase.refundQueryRequested = true;
+      purchase.paymentSubmitPending = false;
+      purchase.abortStatus = AbortStatus.AbortRefund;
+      purchase.lastPayError = undefined;
+      purchase.payRetryInfo = initRetryInfo(false);
+      await tx.purchases.put(purchase);
+    });
   processPurchaseQueryRefund(ws, proposalId, true).catch((e) => {
     logger.trace(`error during refund processing after abort pay: ${e}`);
   });
diff --git a/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/reserves.ts b/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/reserves.ts
index a2482db70..73975fb03 100644
--- a/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/reserves.ts
+++ b/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/reserves.ts
@@ -34,11 +34,11 @@ import {
 } from "@gnu-taler/taler-util";
 import { randomBytes } from "../crypto/primitives/nacl-fast.js";
 import {
-  Stores,
   ReserveRecordStatus,
   ReserveBankInfo,
   ReserveRecord,
   WithdrawalGroupRecord,
+  WalletStoresV1,
 } from "../db.js";
 import { assertUnreachable } from "../util/assertUnreachable.js";
 import { canonicalizeBaseUrl } from "@gnu-taler/taler-util";
@@ -65,9 +65,13 @@ import {
 import { getExchangeTrust } from "./currencies.js";
 import { encodeCrock, getRandomBytes } from "../crypto/talerCrypto.js";
 import { Logger } from "@gnu-taler/taler-util";
-import { readSuccessResponseJsonOrErrorCode, readSuccessResponseJsonOrThrow, throwUnexpectedRequestError } from "../util/http.js";
+import {
+  readSuccessResponseJsonOrErrorCode,
+  readSuccessResponseJsonOrThrow,
+  throwUnexpectedRequestError,
+} from "../util/http.js";
 import { URL } from "../util/url.js";
-import { TransactionHandle } from "../util/query.js";
+import { GetReadOnlyAccess } from "../util/query.js";
 
 const logger = new Logger("reserves.ts");
 
@@ -75,12 +79,17 @@ async function resetReserveRetry(
   ws: InternalWalletState,
   reservePub: string,
 ): Promise<void> {
-  await ws.db.mutate(Stores.reserves, reservePub, (x) => {
-    if (x.retryInfo.active) {
-      x.retryInfo = initRetryInfo();
-    }
-    return x;
-  });
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      reserves: x.reserves,
+    }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const x = await tx.reserves.get(reservePub);
+      if (x && x.retryInfo.active) {
+        x.retryInfo = initRetryInfo();
+        await tx.reserves.put(x);
+      }
+    });
 }
 
 /**
@@ -157,17 +166,20 @@ export async function createReserve(
     exchangeInfo.exchange,
   );
 
-  const resp = await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction(
-    [Stores.exchangeTrustStore, Stores.reserves, Stores.bankWithdrawUris],
-    async (tx) => {
+  const resp = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      exchangeTrust: x.exchangeTrust,
+      reserves: x.reserves,
+      bankWithdrawUris: x.bankWithdrawUris,
+    }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
       // Check if we have already created a reserve for that bankWithdrawStatusUrl
       if (reserveRecord.bankInfo?.statusUrl) {
-        const bwi = await tx.get(
-          Stores.bankWithdrawUris,
+        const bwi = await tx.bankWithdrawUris.get(
           reserveRecord.bankInfo.statusUrl,
         );
         if (bwi) {
-          const otherReserve = await tx.get(Stores.reserves, bwi.reservePub);
+          const otherReserve = await tx.reserves.get(bwi.reservePub);
           if (otherReserve) {
             logger.trace(
               "returning existing reserve for bankWithdrawStatusUri",
@@ -178,27 +190,26 @@ export async function createReserve(
             };
           }
         }
-        await tx.put(Stores.bankWithdrawUris, {
+        await tx.bankWithdrawUris.put({
           reservePub: reserveRecord.reservePub,
           talerWithdrawUri: reserveRecord.bankInfo.statusUrl,
         });
       }
       if (!isAudited && !isTrusted) {
-        await tx.put(Stores.exchangeTrustStore, {
+        await tx.exchangeTrust.put({
           currency: reserveRecord.currency,
           exchangeBaseUrl: reserveRecord.exchangeBaseUrl,
           exchangeMasterPub: exchangeDetails.masterPublicKey,
           uids: [encodeCrock(getRandomBytes(32))],
         });
       }
-      await tx.put(Stores.reserves, reserveRecord);
+      await tx.reserves.put(reserveRecord);
       const r: CreateReserveResponse = {
         exchange: canonExchange,
         reservePub: keypair.pub,
       };
       return r;
-    },
-  );
+    });
 
   if (reserveRecord.reservePub === resp.reservePub) {
     // Only emit notification when a new reserve was created.
@@ -224,23 +235,27 @@ export async function forceQueryReserve(
   ws: InternalWalletState,
   reservePub: string,
 ): Promise<void> {
-  await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction([Stores.reserves], async (tx) => {
-    const reserve = await tx.get(Stores.reserves, reservePub);
-    if (!reserve) {
-      return;
-    }
-    // Only force status query where it makes sense
-    switch (reserve.reserveStatus) {
-      case ReserveRecordStatus.DORMANT:
-        reserve.reserveStatus = ReserveRecordStatus.QUERYING_STATUS;
-        break;
-      default:
-        reserve.requestedQuery = true;
-        break;
-    }
-    reserve.retryInfo = initRetryInfo();
-    await tx.put(Stores.reserves, reserve);
-  });
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      reserves: x.reserves,
+    }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const reserve = await tx.reserves.get(reservePub);
+      if (!reserve) {
+        return;
+      }
+      // Only force status query where it makes sense
+      switch (reserve.reserveStatus) {
+        case ReserveRecordStatus.DORMANT:
+          reserve.reserveStatus = ReserveRecordStatus.QUERYING_STATUS;
+          break;
+        default:
+          reserve.requestedQuery = true;
+          break;
+      }
+      reserve.retryInfo = initRetryInfo();
+      await tx.reserves.put(reserve);
+    });
   await processReserve(ws, reservePub, true);
 }
 
@@ -270,7 +285,13 @@ async function registerReserveWithBank(
   ws: InternalWalletState,
   reservePub: string,
 ): Promise<void> {
-  const reserve = await ws.db.get(Stores.reserves, reservePub);
+  const reserve = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      reserves: x.reserves,
+    }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      return await tx.reserves.get(reservePub);
+    });
   switch (reserve?.reserveStatus) {
     case ReserveRecordStatus.WAIT_CONFIRM_BANK:
     case ReserveRecordStatus.REGISTERING_BANK:
@@ -297,22 +318,30 @@ async function registerReserveWithBank(
     httpResp,
     codecForBankWithdrawalOperationPostResponse(),
   );
-  await ws.db.mutate(Stores.reserves, reservePub, (r) => {
-    switch (r.reserveStatus) {
-      case ReserveRecordStatus.REGISTERING_BANK:
-      case ReserveRecordStatus.WAIT_CONFIRM_BANK:
-        break;
-      default:
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      reserves: x.reserves,
+    }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const r = await tx.reserves.get(reservePub);
+      if (!r) {
         return;
-    }
-    r.timestampReserveInfoPosted = getTimestampNow();
-    r.reserveStatus = ReserveRecordStatus.WAIT_CONFIRM_BANK;
-    if (!r.bankInfo) {
-      throw Error("invariant failed");
-    }
-    r.retryInfo = initRetryInfo();
-    return r;
-  });
+      }
+      switch (r.reserveStatus) {
+        case ReserveRecordStatus.REGISTERING_BANK:
+        case ReserveRecordStatus.WAIT_CONFIRM_BANK:
+          break;
+        default:
+          return;
+      }
+      r.timestampReserveInfoPosted = getTimestampNow();
+      r.reserveStatus = ReserveRecordStatus.WAIT_CONFIRM_BANK;
+      if (!r.bankInfo) {
+        throw Error("invariant failed");
+      }
+      r.retryInfo = initRetryInfo();
+      await tx.reserves.put(r);
+    });
   ws.notify({ type: NotificationType.ReserveRegisteredWithBank });
   return processReserveBankStatus(ws, reservePub);
 }
@@ -340,7 +369,13 @@ async function processReserveBankStatusImpl(
   ws: InternalWalletState,
   reservePub: string,
 ): Promise<void> {
-  const reserve = await ws.db.get(Stores.reserves, reservePub);
+  const reserve = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      reserves: x.reserves,
+    }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      return tx.reserves.get(reservePub);
+    });
   switch (reserve?.reserveStatus) {
     case ReserveRecordStatus.WAIT_CONFIRM_BANK:
     case ReserveRecordStatus.REGISTERING_BANK:
@@ -363,20 +398,28 @@ async function processReserveBankStatusImpl(
 
   if (status.aborted) {
     logger.trace("bank aborted the withdrawal");
-    await ws.db.mutate(Stores.reserves, reservePub, (r) => {
-      switch (r.reserveStatus) {
-        case ReserveRecordStatus.REGISTERING_BANK:
-        case ReserveRecordStatus.WAIT_CONFIRM_BANK:
-          break;
-        default:
+    await ws.db
+      .mktx((x) => ({
+        reserves: x.reserves,
+      }))
+      .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+        const r = await tx.reserves.get(reservePub);
+        if (!r) {
           return;
-      }
-      const now = getTimestampNow();
-      r.timestampBankConfirmed = now;
-      r.reserveStatus = ReserveRecordStatus.BANK_ABORTED;
-      r.retryInfo = initRetryInfo();
-      return r;
-    });
+        }
+        switch (r.reserveStatus) {
+          case ReserveRecordStatus.REGISTERING_BANK:
+          case ReserveRecordStatus.WAIT_CONFIRM_BANK:
+            break;
+          default:
+            return;
+        }
+        const now = getTimestampNow();
+        r.timestampBankConfirmed = now;
+        r.reserveStatus = ReserveRecordStatus.BANK_ABORTED;
+        r.retryInfo = initRetryInfo();
+        await tx.reserves.put(r);
+      });
     return;
   }
 
@@ -390,37 +433,40 @@ async function processReserveBankStatusImpl(
     return await processReserveBankStatus(ws, reservePub);
   }
 
-  if (status.transfer_done) {
-    await ws.db.mutate(Stores.reserves, reservePub, (r) => {
-      switch (r.reserveStatus) {
-        case ReserveRecordStatus.REGISTERING_BANK:
-        case ReserveRecordStatus.WAIT_CONFIRM_BANK:
-          break;
-        default:
-          return;
-      }
-      const now = getTimestampNow();
-      r.timestampBankConfirmed = now;
-      r.reserveStatus = ReserveRecordStatus.QUERYING_STATUS;
-      r.retryInfo = initRetryInfo();
-      return r;
-    });
-    await processReserveImpl(ws, reservePub, true);
-  } else {
-    await ws.db.mutate(Stores.reserves, reservePub, (r) => {
-      switch (r.reserveStatus) {
-        case ReserveRecordStatus.WAIT_CONFIRM_BANK:
-          break;
-        default:
-          return;
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      reserves: x.reserves,
+    }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const r = await tx.reserves.get(reservePub);
+      if (!r) {
+        return;
       }
-      if (r.bankInfo) {
-        r.bankInfo.confirmUrl = status.confirm_transfer_url;
+      if (status.transfer_done) {
+        switch (r.reserveStatus) {
+          case ReserveRecordStatus.REGISTERING_BANK:
+          case ReserveRecordStatus.WAIT_CONFIRM_BANK:
+            break;
+          default:
+            return;
+        }
+        const now = getTimestampNow();
+        r.timestampBankConfirmed = now;
+        r.reserveStatus = ReserveRecordStatus.QUERYING_STATUS;
+        r.retryInfo = initRetryInfo();
+      } else {
+        switch (r.reserveStatus) {
+          case ReserveRecordStatus.WAIT_CONFIRM_BANK:
+            break;
+          default:
+            return;
+        }
+        if (r.bankInfo) {
+          r.bankInfo.confirmUrl = status.confirm_transfer_url;
+        }
       }
-      return r;
+      await tx.reserves.put(r);
     });
-    await incrementReserveRetry(ws, reservePub, undefined);
-  }
 }
 
 async function incrementReserveRetry(
@@ -428,19 +474,23 @@ async function incrementReserveRetry(
   reservePub: string,
   err: TalerErrorDetails | undefined,
 ): Promise<void> {
-  await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction([Stores.reserves], async (tx) => {
-    const r = await tx.get(Stores.reserves, reservePub);
-    if (!r) {
-      return;
-    }
-    if (!r.retryInfo) {
-      return;
-    }
-    r.retryInfo.retryCounter++;
-    updateRetryInfoTimeout(r.retryInfo);
-    r.lastError = err;
-    await tx.put(Stores.reserves, r);
-  });
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      reserves: x.reserves,
+    }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const r = await tx.reserves.get(reservePub);
+      if (!r) {
+        return;
+      }
+      if (!r.retryInfo) {
+        return;
+      }
+      r.retryInfo.retryCounter++;
+      updateRetryInfoTimeout(r.retryInfo);
+      r.lastError = err;
+      await tx.reserves.put(r);
+    });
   if (err) {
     ws.notify({
       type: NotificationType.ReserveOperationError,
@@ -461,7 +511,13 @@ async function updateReserve(
   ws: InternalWalletState,
   reservePub: string,
 ): Promise<{ ready: boolean }> {
-  const reserve = await ws.db.get(Stores.reserves, reservePub);
+  const reserve = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      reserves: x.reserves,
+    }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      return tx.reserves.get(reservePub);
+    });
   if (!reserve) {
     throw Error("reserve not in db");
   }
@@ -508,10 +564,15 @@ async function updateReserve(
     reserve.exchangeBaseUrl,
   );
 
-  const newWithdrawalGroup = await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction(
-    [Stores.coins, Stores.planchets, Stores.withdrawalGroups, Stores.reserves],
-    async (tx) => {
-      const newReserve = await tx.get(Stores.reserves, reserve.reservePub);
+  const newWithdrawalGroup = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      coins: x.coins,
+      planchets: x.planchets,
+      withdrawalGroups: x.withdrawalGroups,
+      reserves: x.reserves,
+    }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const newReserve = await tx.reserves.get(reserve.reservePub);
       if (!newReserve) {
         return;
       }
@@ -519,8 +580,8 @@ async function updateReserve(
       let amountReserveMinus = Amounts.getZero(currency);
 
       // Subtract withdrawal groups for this reserve from the available amount.
-      await tx
-        .iterIndexed(Stores.withdrawalGroups.byReservePub, reservePub)
+      await tx.withdrawalGroups.indexes.byReservePub
+        .iter(reservePub)
         .forEach((wg) => {
           const cost = wg.denomsSel.totalWithdrawCost;
           amountReserveMinus = Amounts.add(amountReserveMinus, cost).amount;
@@ -549,16 +610,14 @@ async function updateReserve(
           case ReserveTransactionType.Withdraw: {
             // Now we check if the withdrawal transaction
             // is part of any withdrawal known to this wallet.
-            const planchet = await tx.getIndexed(
-              Stores.planchets.coinEvHashIndex,
+            const planchet = await tx.planchets.indexes.byCoinEvHash.get(
               entry.h_coin_envelope,
             );
             if (planchet) {
               // Amount is already accounted in some withdrawal session
               break;
             }
-            const coin = await tx.getIndexed(
-              Stores.coins.coinEvHashIndex,
+            const coin = await tx.coins.indexes.byCoinEvHash.get(
               entry.h_coin_envelope,
             );
             if (coin) {
@@ -594,7 +653,7 @@ async function updateReserve(
         newReserve.reserveStatus = ReserveRecordStatus.DORMANT;
         newReserve.lastError = undefined;
         newReserve.retryInfo = initRetryInfo(false);
-        await tx.put(Stores.reserves, newReserve);
+        await tx.reserves.put(newReserve);
         return;
       }
 
@@ -624,11 +683,10 @@ async function updateReserve(
       newReserve.retryInfo = initRetryInfo(false);
       newReserve.reserveStatus = ReserveRecordStatus.DORMANT;
 
-      await tx.put(Stores.reserves, newReserve);
-      await tx.put(Stores.withdrawalGroups, withdrawalRecord);
+      await tx.reserves.put(newReserve);
+      await tx.withdrawalGroups.put(withdrawalRecord);
       return withdrawalRecord;
-    },
-  );
+    });
 
   if (newWithdrawalGroup) {
     logger.trace("processing new withdraw group");
@@ -647,7 +705,13 @@ async function processReserveImpl(
   reservePub: string,
   forceNow = false,
 ): Promise<void> {
-  const reserve = await ws.db.get(Stores.reserves, reservePub);
+  const reserve = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      reserves: x.reserves,
+    }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      return tx.reserves.get(reservePub);
+    });
   if (!reserve) {
     logger.trace("not processing reserve: reserve does not exist");
     return;
@@ -712,7 +776,13 @@ export async function createTalerWithdrawReserve(
   // We do this here, as the reserve should be registered before we return,
   // so that we can redirect the user to the bank's status page.
   await processReserveBankStatus(ws, reserve.reservePub);
-  const processedReserve = await ws.db.get(Stores.reserves, reserve.reservePub);
+  const processedReserve = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      reserves: x.reserves,
+    }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      return tx.reserves.get(reserve.reservePub);
+    });
   if (processedReserve?.reserveStatus === ReserveRecordStatus.BANK_ABORTED) {
     throw OperationFailedError.fromCode(
       TalerErrorCode.WALLET_WITHDRAWAL_OPERATION_ABORTED_BY_BANK,
@@ -730,14 +800,14 @@ export async function createTalerWithdrawReserve(
  * Get payto URIs needed to fund a reserve.
  */
 export async function getFundingPaytoUris(
-  tx: TransactionHandle<
-    | typeof Stores.reserves
-    | typeof Stores.exchanges
-    | typeof Stores.exchangeDetails
-  >,
+  tx: GetReadOnlyAccess<{
+    reserves: typeof WalletStoresV1.reserves;
+    exchanges: typeof WalletStoresV1.exchanges;
+    exchangeDetails: typeof WalletStoresV1.exchangeDetails;
+  }>,
   reservePub: string,
 ): Promise<string[]> {
-  const r = await tx.get(Stores.reserves, reservePub);
+  const r = await tx.reserves.get(reservePub);
   if (!r) {
     logger.error(`reserve ${reservePub} not found (DB corrupted?)`);
     return [];
diff --git a/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/state.ts b/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/state.ts
index 0d07f293d..9bf73142c 100644
--- a/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/state.ts
+++ b/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/state.ts
@@ -17,12 +17,22 @@
 /**
  * Imports.
  */
-import { WalletNotification, BalancesResponse, Logger } from "@gnu-taler/taler-util";
-import { Stores } from "../db.js";
-import { CryptoApi, OpenedPromise, Database, CryptoWorkerFactory, openPromise } from "../index.js";
+import {
+  WalletNotification,
+  BalancesResponse,
+  Logger,
+} from "@gnu-taler/taler-util";
+import { WalletStoresV1 } from "../db.js";
+import {
+  CryptoApi,
+  OpenedPromise,
+  CryptoWorkerFactory,
+  openPromise,
+} from "../index.js";
 import { PendingOperationsResponse } from "../pending-types.js";
 import { AsyncOpMemoMap, AsyncOpMemoSingle } from "../util/asyncMemo.js";
 import { HttpRequestLibrary } from "../util/http";
+import { DbAccess } from "../util/query.js";
 
 type NotificationListener = (n: WalletNotification) => void;
 
@@ -34,9 +44,7 @@ export const EXCHANGE_RESERVES_LOCK = "exchange-reserves-lock";
 export class InternalWalletState {
   memoProcessReserve: AsyncOpMemoMap<void> = new AsyncOpMemoMap();
   memoMakePlanchet: AsyncOpMemoMap<void> = new AsyncOpMemoMap();
-  memoGetPending: AsyncOpMemoSingle<
-    PendingOperationsResponse
-  > = new AsyncOpMemoSingle();
+  memoGetPending: AsyncOpMemoSingle<PendingOperationsResponse> = new AsyncOpMemoSingle();
   memoGetBalance: AsyncOpMemoSingle<BalancesResponse> = new AsyncOpMemoSingle();
   memoProcessRefresh: AsyncOpMemoMap<void> = new AsyncOpMemoMap();
   memoProcessRecoup: AsyncOpMemoMap<void> = new AsyncOpMemoMap();
@@ -60,7 +68,7 @@ export class InternalWalletState {
     // the actual value nullable.
     // Check if we are in a DB migration / garbage collection
     // and throw an error in that case.
-    public db: Database<typeof Stores>,
+    public db: DbAccess<typeof WalletStoresV1>,
     public http: HttpRequestLibrary,
     cryptoWorkerFactory: CryptoWorkerFactory,
   ) {
diff --git a/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/tip.ts b/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/tip.ts
index f9d7a024d..e9659248d 100644
--- a/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/tip.ts
+++ b/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/tip.ts
@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@ import {
 } from "@gnu-taler/taler-util";
 import { DerivedTipPlanchet } from "../crypto/cryptoTypes.js";
 import {
-  Stores,
   DenominationRecord,
   CoinRecord,
   CoinSourceType,
@@ -70,10 +69,16 @@ export async function prepareTip(
     throw Error("invalid taler://tip URI");
   }
 
-  let tipRecord = await ws.db.getIndexed(
-    Stores.tips.byMerchantTipIdAndBaseUrl,
-    [res.merchantTipId, res.merchantBaseUrl],
-  );
+  let tipRecord = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      tips: x.tips,
+    }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      return tx.tips.indexes.byMerchantTipIdAndBaseUrl.get([
+        res.merchantTipId,
+        res.merchantBaseUrl,
+      ]);
+    });
 
   if (!tipRecord) {
     const tipStatusUrl = new URL(
@@ -109,7 +114,7 @@ export async function prepareTip(
     const secretSeed = encodeCrock(getRandomBytes(64));
     const denomSelUid = encodeCrock(getRandomBytes(32));
 
-    tipRecord = {
+    const newTipRecord = {
       walletTipId: walletTipId,
       acceptedTimestamp: undefined,
       tipAmountRaw: amount,
@@ -130,7 +135,14 @@ export async function prepareTip(
       secretSeed,
       denomSelUid,
     };
-    await ws.db.put(Stores.tips, tipRecord);
+    await ws.db
+      .mktx((x) => ({
+        tips: x.tips,
+      }))
+      .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+        await tx.tips.put(newTipRecord);
+      });
+    tipRecord = newTipRecord;
   }
 
   const tipStatus: PrepareTipResult = {
@@ -151,19 +163,23 @@ async function incrementTipRetry(
   walletTipId: string,
   err: TalerErrorDetails | undefined,
 ): Promise<void> {
-  await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction([Stores.tips], async (tx) => {
-    const t = await tx.get(Stores.tips, walletTipId);
-    if (!t) {
-      return;
-    }
-    if (!t.retryInfo) {
-      return;
-    }
-    t.retryInfo.retryCounter++;
-    updateRetryInfoTimeout(t.retryInfo);
-    t.lastError = err;
-    await tx.put(Stores.tips, t);
-  });
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      tips: x.tips,
+    }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const t = await tx.tips.get(walletTipId);
+      if (!t) {
+        return;
+      }
+      if (!t.retryInfo) {
+        return;
+      }
+      t.retryInfo.retryCounter++;
+      updateRetryInfoTimeout(t.retryInfo);
+      t.lastError = err;
+      await tx.tips.put(t);
+    });
   if (err) {
     ws.notify({ type: NotificationType.TipOperationError, error: err });
   }
@@ -186,12 +202,17 @@ async function resetTipRetry(
   ws: InternalWalletState,
   tipId: string,
 ): Promise<void> {
-  await ws.db.mutate(Stores.tips, tipId, (x) => {
-    if (x.retryInfo.active) {
-      x.retryInfo = initRetryInfo();
-    }
-    return x;
-  });
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      tips: x.tips,
+    }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const x = await tx.tips.get(tipId);
+      if (x && x.retryInfo.active) {
+        x.retryInfo = initRetryInfo();
+        await tx.tips.put(x);
+      }
+    });
 }
 
 async function processTipImpl(
@@ -202,7 +223,13 @@ async function processTipImpl(
   if (forceNow) {
     await resetTipRetry(ws, walletTipId);
   }
-  let tipRecord = await ws.db.get(Stores.tips, walletTipId);
+  const tipRecord = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      tips: x.tips,
+    }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      return tx.tips.get(walletTipId);
+    });
   if (!tipRecord) {
     return;
   }
@@ -214,19 +241,22 @@ async function processTipImpl(
 
   const denomsForWithdraw = tipRecord.denomsSel;
 
-  tipRecord = await ws.db.get(Stores.tips, walletTipId);
-  checkDbInvariant(!!tipRecord, "tip record should be in database");
-
   const planchets: DerivedTipPlanchet[] = [];
   // Planchets in the form that the merchant expects
   const planchetsDetail: TipPlanchetDetail[] = [];
   const denomForPlanchet: { [index: number]: DenominationRecord } = [];
 
   for (const dh of denomsForWithdraw.selectedDenoms) {
-    const denom = await ws.db.get(Stores.denominations, [
-      tipRecord.exchangeBaseUrl,
-      dh.denomPubHash,
-    ]);
+    const denom = await ws.db
+      .mktx((x) => ({
+        denominations: x.denominations,
+      }))
+      .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+        return tx.denominations.get([
+          tipRecord.exchangeBaseUrl,
+          dh.denomPubHash,
+        ]);
+      });
     checkDbInvariant(!!denom, "denomination should be in database");
     for (let i = 0; i < dh.count; i++) {
       const deriveReq = {
@@ -306,18 +336,20 @@ async function processTipImpl(
     );
 
     if (!isValid) {
-      await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction([Stores.tips], async (tx) => {
-        const tipRecord = await tx.get(Stores.tips, walletTipId);
-        if (!tipRecord) {
-          return;
-        }
-        tipRecord.lastError = makeErrorDetails(
-          TalerErrorCode.WALLET_TIPPING_COIN_SIGNATURE_INVALID,
-          "invalid signature from the exchange (via merchant tip) after unblinding",
-          {},
-        );
-        await tx.put(Stores.tips, tipRecord);
-      });
+      await ws.db
+        .mktx((x) => ({ tips: x.tips }))
+        .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+          const tipRecord = await tx.tips.get(walletTipId);
+          if (!tipRecord) {
+            return;
+          }
+          tipRecord.lastError = makeErrorDetails(
+            TalerErrorCode.WALLET_TIPPING_COIN_SIGNATURE_INVALID,
+            "invalid signature from the exchange (via merchant tip) after unblinding",
+            {},
+          );
+          await tx.tips.put(tipRecord);
+        });
       return;
     }
 
@@ -341,10 +373,14 @@ async function processTipImpl(
     });
   }
 
-  await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction(
-    [Stores.coins, Stores.tips, Stores.withdrawalGroups],
-    async (tx) => {
-      const tr = await tx.get(Stores.tips, walletTipId);
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      coins: x.coins,
+      tips: x.tips,
+      withdrawalGroups: x.withdrawalGroups,
+    }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const tr = await tx.tips.get(walletTipId);
       if (!tr) {
         return;
       }
@@ -354,27 +390,32 @@ async function processTipImpl(
       tr.pickedUpTimestamp = getTimestampNow();
       tr.lastError = undefined;
       tr.retryInfo = initRetryInfo(false);
-      await tx.put(Stores.tips, tr);
+      await tx.tips.put(tr);
       for (const cr of newCoinRecords) {
-        await tx.put(Stores.coins, cr);
+        await tx.coins.put(cr);
       }
-    },
-  );
+    });
 }
 
 export async function acceptTip(
   ws: InternalWalletState,
   tipId: string,
 ): Promise<void> {
-  const tipRecord = await ws.db.get(Stores.tips, tipId);
-  if (!tipRecord) {
-    logger.error("tip not found");
-    return;
+  const found = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      tips: x.tips,
+    }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const tipRecord = await tx.tips.get(tipId);
+      if (!tipRecord) {
+        logger.error("tip not found");
+        return false;
+      }
+      tipRecord.acceptedTimestamp = getTimestampNow();
+      await tx.tips.put(tipRecord);
+      return true;
+    });
+  if (found) {
+    await processTip(ws, tipId);
   }
-
-  tipRecord.acceptedTimestamp = getTimestampNow();
-  await ws.db.put(Stores.tips, tipRecord);
-
-  await processTip(ws, tipId);
-  return;
 }
diff --git a/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/transactions.ts b/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/transactions.ts
index 42ed2d2ec..ecef3c2ce 100644
--- a/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/transactions.ts
+++ b/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/transactions.ts
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@
  */
 import { InternalWalletState } from "./state";
 import {
-  Stores,
   WalletRefundItem,
   RefundState,
   ReserveRecordStatus,
@@ -85,296 +84,300 @@ export async function getTransactions(
 ): Promise<TransactionsResponse> {
   const transactions: Transaction[] = [];
 
-  await ws.db.runWithReadTransaction(
-    [
-      Stores.coins,
-      Stores.denominations,
-      Stores.exchanges,
-      Stores.exchangeDetails,
-      Stores.proposals,
-      Stores.purchases,
-      Stores.refreshGroups,
-      Stores.reserves,
-      Stores.tips,
-      Stores.withdrawalGroups,
-      Stores.planchets,
-      Stores.recoupGroups,
-      Stores.depositGroups,
-      Stores.tombstones,
-    ],
-    // Report withdrawals that are currently in progress.
-    async (tx) => {
-      tx.iter(Stores.withdrawalGroups).forEachAsync(async (wsr) => {
-        if (
-          shouldSkipCurrency(
-            transactionsRequest,
-            wsr.rawWithdrawalAmount.currency,
-          )
-        ) {
-          return;
-        }
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      coins: x.coins,
+      denominations: x.denominations,
+      exchanges: x.exchanges,
+      exchangeDetails: x.exchangeDetails,
+      proposals: x.proposals,
+      purchases: x.purchases,
+      refreshGroups: x.refreshGroups,
+      reserves: x.reserves,
+      tips: x.tips,
+      withdrawalGroups: x.withdrawalGroups,
+      planchets: x.planchets,
+      recoupGroups: x.recoupGroups,
+      depositGroups: x.depositGroups,
+      tombstones: x.tombstones,
+    }))
+    .runReadOnly(
+      // Report withdrawals that are currently in progress.
+      async (tx) => {
+        tx.withdrawalGroups.iter().forEachAsync(async (wsr) => {
+          if (
+            shouldSkipCurrency(
+              transactionsRequest,
+              wsr.rawWithdrawalAmount.currency,
+            )
+          ) {
+            return;
+          }
 
-        if (shouldSkipSearch(transactionsRequest, [])) {
-          return;
-        }
+          if (shouldSkipSearch(transactionsRequest, [])) {
+            return;
+          }
 
-        const r = await tx.get(Stores.reserves, wsr.reservePub);
-        if (!r) {
-          return;
-        }
-        let amountRaw: AmountJson | undefined = undefined;
-        if (wsr.withdrawalGroupId === r.initialWithdrawalGroupId) {
-          amountRaw = r.instructedAmount;
-        } else {
-          amountRaw = wsr.denomsSel.totalWithdrawCost;
-        }
-        let withdrawalDetails: WithdrawalDetails;
-        if (r.bankInfo) {
-          withdrawalDetails = {
-            type: WithdrawalType.TalerBankIntegrationApi,
-            confirmed: true,
-            bankConfirmationUrl: r.bankInfo.confirmUrl,
-          };
-        } else {
-          const exchangeDetails = await getExchangeDetails(
-            tx,
-            wsr.exchangeBaseUrl,
-          );
-          if (!exchangeDetails) {
-            // FIXME: report somehow
+          const r = await tx.reserves.get(wsr.reservePub);
+          if (!r) {
             return;
           }
-          withdrawalDetails = {
-            type: WithdrawalType.ManualTransfer,
-            exchangePaytoUris:
-              exchangeDetails.wireInfo?.accounts.map((x) => x.payto_uri) ?? [],
-          };
-        }
-        transactions.push({
-          type: TransactionType.Withdrawal,
-          amountEffective: Amounts.stringify(wsr.denomsSel.totalCoinValue),
-          amountRaw: Amounts.stringify(amountRaw),
-          withdrawalDetails,
-          exchangeBaseUrl: wsr.exchangeBaseUrl,
-          pending: !wsr.timestampFinish,
-          timestamp: wsr.timestampStart,
-          transactionId: makeEventId(
-            TransactionType.Withdrawal,
-            wsr.withdrawalGroupId,
-          ),
-          ...(wsr.lastError ? { error: wsr.lastError } : {}),
+          let amountRaw: AmountJson | undefined = undefined;
+          if (wsr.withdrawalGroupId === r.initialWithdrawalGroupId) {
+            amountRaw = r.instructedAmount;
+          } else {
+            amountRaw = wsr.denomsSel.totalWithdrawCost;
+          }
+          let withdrawalDetails: WithdrawalDetails;
+          if (r.bankInfo) {
+            withdrawalDetails = {
+              type: WithdrawalType.TalerBankIntegrationApi,
+              confirmed: true,
+              bankConfirmationUrl: r.bankInfo.confirmUrl,
+            };
+          } else {
+            const exchangeDetails = await getExchangeDetails(
+              tx,
+              wsr.exchangeBaseUrl,
+            );
+            if (!exchangeDetails) {
+              // FIXME: report somehow
+              return;
+            }
+            withdrawalDetails = {
+              type: WithdrawalType.ManualTransfer,
+              exchangePaytoUris:
+                exchangeDetails.wireInfo?.accounts.map((x) => x.payto_uri) ??
+                [],
+            };
+          }
+          transactions.push({
+            type: TransactionType.Withdrawal,
+            amountEffective: Amounts.stringify(wsr.denomsSel.totalCoinValue),
+            amountRaw: Amounts.stringify(amountRaw),
+            withdrawalDetails,
+            exchangeBaseUrl: wsr.exchangeBaseUrl,
+            pending: !wsr.timestampFinish,
+            timestamp: wsr.timestampStart,
+            transactionId: makeEventId(
+              TransactionType.Withdrawal,
+              wsr.withdrawalGroupId,
+            ),
+            ...(wsr.lastError ? { error: wsr.lastError } : {}),
+          });
         });
-      });
 
-      // Report pending withdrawals based on reserves that
-      // were created, but where the actual withdrawal group has
-      // not started yet.
-      tx.iter(Stores.reserves).forEachAsync(async (r) => {
-        if (shouldSkipCurrency(transactionsRequest, r.currency)) {
-          return;
-        }
-        if (shouldSkipSearch(transactionsRequest, [])) {
-          return;
-        }
-        if (r.initialWithdrawalStarted) {
-          return;
-        }
-        if (r.reserveStatus === ReserveRecordStatus.BANK_ABORTED) {
-          return;
-        }
-        let withdrawalDetails: WithdrawalDetails;
-        if (r.bankInfo) {
-          withdrawalDetails = {
-            type: WithdrawalType.TalerBankIntegrationApi,
-            confirmed: false,
-            bankConfirmationUrl: r.bankInfo.confirmUrl,
-          };
-        } else {
-          withdrawalDetails = {
-            type: WithdrawalType.ManualTransfer,
-            exchangePaytoUris: await getFundingPaytoUris(tx, r.reservePub),
-          };
-        }
-        transactions.push({
-          type: TransactionType.Withdrawal,
-          amountRaw: Amounts.stringify(r.instructedAmount),
-          amountEffective: Amounts.stringify(r.initialDenomSel.totalCoinValue),
-          exchangeBaseUrl: r.exchangeBaseUrl,
-          pending: true,
-          timestamp: r.timestampCreated,
-          withdrawalDetails: withdrawalDetails,
-          transactionId: makeEventId(
-            TransactionType.Withdrawal,
-            r.initialWithdrawalGroupId,
-          ),
-          ...(r.lastError ? { error: r.lastError } : {}),
+        // Report pending withdrawals based on reserves that
+        // were created, but where the actual withdrawal group has
+        // not started yet.
+        tx.reserves.iter().forEachAsync(async (r) => {
+          if (shouldSkipCurrency(transactionsRequest, r.currency)) {
+            return;
+          }
+          if (shouldSkipSearch(transactionsRequest, [])) {
+            return;
+          }
+          if (r.initialWithdrawalStarted) {
+            return;
+          }
+          if (r.reserveStatus === ReserveRecordStatus.BANK_ABORTED) {
+            return;
+          }
+          let withdrawalDetails: WithdrawalDetails;
+          if (r.bankInfo) {
+            withdrawalDetails = {
+              type: WithdrawalType.TalerBankIntegrationApi,
+              confirmed: false,
+              bankConfirmationUrl: r.bankInfo.confirmUrl,
+            };
+          } else {
+            withdrawalDetails = {
+              type: WithdrawalType.ManualTransfer,
+              exchangePaytoUris: await getFundingPaytoUris(tx, r.reservePub),
+            };
+          }
+          transactions.push({
+            type: TransactionType.Withdrawal,
+            amountRaw: Amounts.stringify(r.instructedAmount),
+            amountEffective: Amounts.stringify(
+              r.initialDenomSel.totalCoinValue,
+            ),
+            exchangeBaseUrl: r.exchangeBaseUrl,
+            pending: true,
+            timestamp: r.timestampCreated,
+            withdrawalDetails: withdrawalDetails,
+            transactionId: makeEventId(
+              TransactionType.Withdrawal,
+              r.initialWithdrawalGroupId,
+            ),
+            ...(r.lastError ? { error: r.lastError } : {}),
+          });
         });
-      });
 
-      tx.iter(Stores.depositGroups).forEachAsync(async (dg) => {
-        const amount = Amounts.parseOrThrow(dg.contractTermsRaw.amount);
-        if (shouldSkipCurrency(transactionsRequest, amount.currency)) {
-          return;
-        }
-
-        transactions.push({
-          type: TransactionType.Deposit,
-          amountRaw: Amounts.stringify(dg.effectiveDepositAmount),
-          amountEffective: Amounts.stringify(dg.totalPayCost),
-          pending: !dg.timestampFinished,
-          timestamp: dg.timestampCreated,
-          targetPaytoUri: dg.wire.payto_uri,
-          transactionId: makeEventId(
-            TransactionType.Deposit,
-            dg.depositGroupId,
-          ),
-          depositGroupId: dg.depositGroupId,
-          ...(dg.lastError ? { error: dg.lastError } : {}),
-        });
-      });
+        tx.depositGroups.iter().forEachAsync(async (dg) => {
+          const amount = Amounts.parseOrThrow(dg.contractTermsRaw.amount);
+          if (shouldSkipCurrency(transactionsRequest, amount.currency)) {
+            return;
+          }
 
-      tx.iter(Stores.purchases).forEachAsync(async (pr) => {
-        if (
-          shouldSkipCurrency(
-            transactionsRequest,
-            pr.download.contractData.amount.currency,
-          )
-        ) {
-          return;
-        }
-        const contractData = pr.download.contractData;
-        if (shouldSkipSearch(transactionsRequest, [contractData.summary])) {
-          return;
-        }
-        const proposal = await tx.get(Stores.proposals, pr.proposalId);
-        if (!proposal) {
-          return;
-        }
-        const info: OrderShortInfo = {
-          merchant: contractData.merchant,
-          orderId: contractData.orderId,
-          products: contractData.products,
-          summary: contractData.summary,
-          summary_i18n: contractData.summaryI18n,
-          contractTermsHash: contractData.contractTermsHash,
-        };
-        if (contractData.fulfillmentUrl !== "") {
-          info.fulfillmentUrl = contractData.fulfillmentUrl;
-        }
-        const paymentTransactionId = makeEventId(
-          TransactionType.Payment,
-          pr.proposalId,
-        );
-        const err = pr.lastPayError ?? pr.lastRefundStatusError;
-        transactions.push({
-          type: TransactionType.Payment,
-          amountRaw: Amounts.stringify(contractData.amount),
-          amountEffective: Amounts.stringify(pr.totalPayCost),
-          status: pr.timestampFirstSuccessfulPay
-            ? PaymentStatus.Paid
-            : PaymentStatus.Accepted,
-          pending:
-            !pr.timestampFirstSuccessfulPay &&
-            pr.abortStatus === AbortStatus.None,
-          timestamp: pr.timestampAccept,
-          transactionId: paymentTransactionId,
-          proposalId: pr.proposalId,
-          info: info,
-          ...(err ? { error: err } : {}),
+          transactions.push({
+            type: TransactionType.Deposit,
+            amountRaw: Amounts.stringify(dg.effectiveDepositAmount),
+            amountEffective: Amounts.stringify(dg.totalPayCost),
+            pending: !dg.timestampFinished,
+            timestamp: dg.timestampCreated,
+            targetPaytoUri: dg.wire.payto_uri,
+            transactionId: makeEventId(
+              TransactionType.Deposit,
+              dg.depositGroupId,
+            ),
+            depositGroupId: dg.depositGroupId,
+            ...(dg.lastError ? { error: dg.lastError } : {}),
+          });
         });
 
-        const refundGroupKeys = new Set<string>();
-
-        for (const rk of Object.keys(pr.refunds)) {
-          const refund = pr.refunds[rk];
-          const groupKey = `${refund.executionTime.t_ms}`;
-          refundGroupKeys.add(groupKey);
-        }
-
-        for (const groupKey of refundGroupKeys.values()) {
-          const refundTombstoneId = makeEventId(
-            TombstoneTag.DeleteRefund,
-            pr.proposalId,
-            groupKey,
-          );
-          const tombstone = await tx.get(Stores.tombstones, refundTombstoneId);
-          if (tombstone) {
-            continue;
+        tx.purchases.iter().forEachAsync(async (pr) => {
+          if (
+            shouldSkipCurrency(
+              transactionsRequest,
+              pr.download.contractData.amount.currency,
+            )
+          ) {
+            return;
           }
-          const refundTransactionId = makeEventId(
-            TransactionType.Refund,
+          const contractData = pr.download.contractData;
+          if (shouldSkipSearch(transactionsRequest, [contractData.summary])) {
+            return;
+          }
+          const proposal = await tx.proposals.get(pr.proposalId);
+          if (!proposal) {
+            return;
+          }
+          const info: OrderShortInfo = {
+            merchant: contractData.merchant,
+            orderId: contractData.orderId,
+            products: contractData.products,
+            summary: contractData.summary,
+            summary_i18n: contractData.summaryI18n,
+            contractTermsHash: contractData.contractTermsHash,
+          };
+          if (contractData.fulfillmentUrl !== "") {
+            info.fulfillmentUrl = contractData.fulfillmentUrl;
+          }
+          const paymentTransactionId = makeEventId(
+            TransactionType.Payment,
             pr.proposalId,
-            groupKey,
           );
-          let r0: WalletRefundItem | undefined;
-          let amountRaw = Amounts.getZero(contractData.amount.currency);
-          let amountEffective = Amounts.getZero(contractData.amount.currency);
+          const err = pr.lastPayError ?? pr.lastRefundStatusError;
+          transactions.push({
+            type: TransactionType.Payment,
+            amountRaw: Amounts.stringify(contractData.amount),
+            amountEffective: Amounts.stringify(pr.totalPayCost),
+            status: pr.timestampFirstSuccessfulPay
+              ? PaymentStatus.Paid
+              : PaymentStatus.Accepted,
+            pending:
+              !pr.timestampFirstSuccessfulPay &&
+              pr.abortStatus === AbortStatus.None,
+            timestamp: pr.timestampAccept,
+            transactionId: paymentTransactionId,
+            proposalId: pr.proposalId,
+            info: info,
+            ...(err ? { error: err } : {}),
+          });
+
+          const refundGroupKeys = new Set<string>();
+
           for (const rk of Object.keys(pr.refunds)) {
             const refund = pr.refunds[rk];
-            const myGroupKey = `${refund.executionTime.t_ms}`;
-            if (myGroupKey !== groupKey) {
+            const groupKey = `${refund.executionTime.t_ms}`;
+            refundGroupKeys.add(groupKey);
+          }
+
+          for (const groupKey of refundGroupKeys.values()) {
+            const refundTombstoneId = makeEventId(
+              TombstoneTag.DeleteRefund,
+              pr.proposalId,
+              groupKey,
+            );
+            const tombstone = await tx.tombstones.get(refundTombstoneId);
+            if (tombstone) {
               continue;
             }
+            const refundTransactionId = makeEventId(
+              TransactionType.Refund,
+              pr.proposalId,
+              groupKey,
+            );
+            let r0: WalletRefundItem | undefined;
+            let amountRaw = Amounts.getZero(contractData.amount.currency);
+            let amountEffective = Amounts.getZero(contractData.amount.currency);
+            for (const rk of Object.keys(pr.refunds)) {
+              const refund = pr.refunds[rk];
+              const myGroupKey = `${refund.executionTime.t_ms}`;
+              if (myGroupKey !== groupKey) {
+                continue;
+              }
+              if (!r0) {
+                r0 = refund;
+              }
+
+              if (refund.type === RefundState.Applied) {
+                amountRaw = Amounts.add(amountRaw, refund.refundAmount).amount;
+                amountEffective = Amounts.add(
+                  amountEffective,
+                  Amounts.sub(
+                    refund.refundAmount,
+                    refund.refundFee,
+                    refund.totalRefreshCostBound,
+                  ).amount,
+                ).amount;
+              }
+            }
             if (!r0) {
-              r0 = refund;
+              throw Error("invariant violated");
             }
+            transactions.push({
+              type: TransactionType.Refund,
+              info,
+              refundedTransactionId: paymentTransactionId,
+              transactionId: refundTransactionId,
+              timestamp: r0.obtainedTime,
+              amountEffective: Amounts.stringify(amountEffective),
+              amountRaw: Amounts.stringify(amountRaw),
+              pending: false,
+            });
+          }
+        });
 
-            if (refund.type === RefundState.Applied) {
-              amountRaw = Amounts.add(amountRaw, refund.refundAmount).amount;
-              amountEffective = Amounts.add(
-                amountEffective,
-                Amounts.sub(
-                  refund.refundAmount,
-                  refund.refundFee,
-                  refund.totalRefreshCostBound,
-                ).amount,
-              ).amount;
-            }
+        tx.tips.iter().forEachAsync(async (tipRecord) => {
+          if (
+            shouldSkipCurrency(
+              transactionsRequest,
+              tipRecord.tipAmountRaw.currency,
+            )
+          ) {
+            return;
           }
-          if (!r0) {
-            throw Error("invariant violated");
+          if (!tipRecord.acceptedTimestamp) {
+            return;
           }
           transactions.push({
-            type: TransactionType.Refund,
-            info,
-            refundedTransactionId: paymentTransactionId,
-            transactionId: refundTransactionId,
-            timestamp: r0.obtainedTime,
-            amountEffective: Amounts.stringify(amountEffective),
-            amountRaw: Amounts.stringify(amountRaw),
-            pending: false,
+            type: TransactionType.Tip,
+            amountEffective: Amounts.stringify(tipRecord.tipAmountEffective),
+            amountRaw: Amounts.stringify(tipRecord.tipAmountRaw),
+            pending: !tipRecord.pickedUpTimestamp,
+            timestamp: tipRecord.acceptedTimestamp,
+            transactionId: makeEventId(
+              TransactionType.Tip,
+              tipRecord.walletTipId,
+            ),
+            merchantBaseUrl: tipRecord.merchantBaseUrl,
+            error: tipRecord.lastError,
           });
-        }
-      });
-
-      tx.iter(Stores.tips).forEachAsync(async (tipRecord) => {
-        if (
-          shouldSkipCurrency(
-            transactionsRequest,
-            tipRecord.tipAmountRaw.currency,
-          )
-        ) {
-          return;
-        }
-        if (!tipRecord.acceptedTimestamp) {
-          return;
-        }
-        transactions.push({
-          type: TransactionType.Tip,
-          amountEffective: Amounts.stringify(tipRecord.tipAmountEffective),
-          amountRaw: Amounts.stringify(tipRecord.tipAmountRaw),
-          pending: !tipRecord.pickedUpTimestamp,
-          timestamp: tipRecord.acceptedTimestamp,
-          transactionId: makeEventId(
-            TransactionType.Tip,
-            tipRecord.walletTipId,
-          ),
-          merchantBaseUrl: tipRecord.merchantBaseUrl,
-          error: tipRecord.lastError,
         });
-      });
-    },
-  );
+      },
+    );
 
   const txPending = transactions.filter((x) => x.pending);
   const txNotPending = transactions.filter((x) => !x.pending);
@@ -406,110 +409,126 @@ export async function deleteTransaction(
 
   if (type === TransactionType.Withdrawal) {
     const withdrawalGroupId = rest[0];
-    await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction(
-      [Stores.withdrawalGroups, Stores.reserves, Stores.tombstones],
-      async (tx) => {
-        const withdrawalGroupRecord = await tx.get(
-          Stores.withdrawalGroups,
+    await ws.db
+      .mktx((x) => ({
+        withdrawalGroups: x.withdrawalGroups,
+        reserves: x.reserves,
+        tombstones: x.tombstones,
+      }))
+      .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+        const withdrawalGroupRecord = await tx.withdrawalGroups.get(
           withdrawalGroupId,
         );
         if (withdrawalGroupRecord) {
-          await tx.delete(Stores.withdrawalGroups, withdrawalGroupId);
-          await tx.put(Stores.tombstones, {
+          await tx.withdrawalGroups.delete(withdrawalGroupId);
+          await tx.tombstones.put({
             id: TombstoneTag.DeleteWithdrawalGroup + ":" + withdrawalGroupId,
           });
           return;
         }
-        const reserveRecord: ReserveRecord | undefined = await tx.getIndexed(
-          Stores.reserves.byInitialWithdrawalGroupId,
+        const reserveRecord:
+          | ReserveRecord
+          | undefined = await tx.reserves.indexes.byInitialWithdrawalGroupId.get(
           withdrawalGroupId,
         );
         if (reserveRecord && !reserveRecord.initialWithdrawalStarted) {
           const reservePub = reserveRecord.reservePub;
-          await tx.delete(Stores.reserves, reservePub);
-          await tx.put(Stores.tombstones, {
+          await tx.reserves.delete(reservePub);
+          await tx.tombstones.put({
             id: TombstoneTag.DeleteReserve + ":" + reservePub,
           });
         }
-      },
-    );
+      });
   } else if (type === TransactionType.Payment) {
     const proposalId = rest[0];
-    await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction(
-      [Stores.proposals, Stores.purchases, Stores.tombstones],
-      async (tx) => {
+    await ws.db
+      .mktx((x) => ({
+        proposals: x.proposals,
+        purchases: x.purchases,
+        tombstones: x.tombstones,
+      }))
+      .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
         let found = false;
-        const proposal = await tx.get(Stores.proposals, proposalId);
+        const proposal = await tx.proposals.get(proposalId);
         if (proposal) {
           found = true;
-          await tx.delete(Stores.proposals, proposalId);
+          await tx.proposals.delete(proposalId);
         }
-        const purchase = await tx.get(Stores.purchases, proposalId);
+        const purchase = await tx.purchases.get(proposalId);
         if (purchase) {
           found = true;
-          await tx.delete(Stores.proposals, proposalId);
+          await tx.proposals.delete(proposalId);
         }
         if (found) {
-          await tx.put(Stores.tombstones, {
+          await tx.tombstones.put({
             id: TombstoneTag.DeletePayment + ":" + proposalId,
           });
         }
-      },
-    );
+      });
   } else if (type === TransactionType.Refresh) {
     const refreshGroupId = rest[0];
-    await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction(
-      [Stores.refreshGroups, Stores.tombstones],
-      async (tx) => {
-        const rg = await tx.get(Stores.refreshGroups, refreshGroupId);
+    await ws.db
+      .mktx((x) => ({
+        refreshGroups: x.refreshGroups,
+        tombstones: x.tombstones,
+      }))
+      .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+        const rg = await tx.refreshGroups.get(refreshGroupId);
         if (rg) {
-          await tx.delete(Stores.refreshGroups, refreshGroupId);
-          await tx.put(Stores.tombstones, {
+          await tx.refreshGroups.delete(refreshGroupId);
+          await tx.tombstones.put({
             id: TombstoneTag.DeleteRefreshGroup + ":" + refreshGroupId,
           });
         }
-      },
-    );
+      });
   } else if (type === TransactionType.Tip) {
     const tipId = rest[0];
-    await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction(
-      [Stores.tips, Stores.tombstones],
-      async (tx) => {
-        const tipRecord = await tx.get(Stores.tips, tipId);
+    await ws.db
+      .mktx((x) => ({
+        tips: x.tips,
+        tombstones: x.tombstones,
+      }))
+      .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+        const tipRecord = await tx.tips.get(tipId);
         if (tipRecord) {
-          await tx.delete(Stores.tips, tipId);
-          await tx.put(Stores.tombstones, {
+          await tx.tips.delete(tipId);
+          await tx.tombstones.put({
             id: TombstoneTag.DeleteTip + ":" + tipId,
           });
         }
-      },
-    );
+      });
   } else if (type === TransactionType.Deposit) {
     const depositGroupId = rest[0];
-    await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction(
-      [Stores.depositGroups, Stores.tombstones],
-      async (tx) => {
-        const tipRecord = await tx.get(Stores.depositGroups, depositGroupId);
+    await ws.db
+      .mktx((x) => ({
+        depositGroups: x.depositGroups,
+        tombstones: x.tombstones,
+      }))
+      .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+        const tipRecord = await tx.depositGroups.get(depositGroupId);
         if (tipRecord) {
-          await tx.delete(Stores.depositGroups, depositGroupId);
-          await tx.put(Stores.tombstones, {
+          await tx.depositGroups.delete(depositGroupId);
+          await tx.tombstones.put({
             id: TombstoneTag.DeleteDepositGroup + ":" + depositGroupId,
           });
         }
-      },
-    );
+      });
   } else if (type === TransactionType.Refund) {
     const proposalId = rest[0];
     const executionTimeStr = rest[1];
 
-    await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction(
-      [Stores.proposals, Stores.purchases, Stores.tombstones],
-      async (tx) => {
-        const purchase = await tx.get(Stores.purchases, proposalId);
+    await ws.db
+      .mktx((x) => ({
+        proposals: x.proposals,
+        purchases: x.purchases,
+        tombstones: x.tombstones,
+      }))
+      .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+        const purchase = await tx.purchases.get(proposalId);
         if (purchase) {
           // This should just influence the history view,
           // but won't delete any actual refund information.
-          await tx.put(Stores.tombstones, {
+          await tx.tombstones.put({
             id: makeEventId(
               TombstoneTag.DeleteRefund,
               proposalId,
@@ -517,8 +536,7 @@ export async function deleteTransaction(
             ),
           });
         }
-      },
-    );
+      });
   } else {
     throw Error(`can't delete a '${type}' transaction`);
   }
diff --git a/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/withdraw.ts b/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/withdraw.ts
index 36be84df0..1266a3b0f 100644
--- a/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/withdraw.ts
+++ b/packages/taler-wallet-core/src/operations/withdraw.ts
@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@ import {
 } from "@gnu-taler/taler-util";
 import {
   DenominationRecord,
-  Stores,
   DenominationStatus,
   CoinStatus,
   CoinRecord,
@@ -314,13 +313,17 @@ export async function getCandidateWithdrawalDenoms(
   exchangeBaseUrl: string,
 ): Promise<DenominationRecord[]> {
   return await ws.db
-    .iterIndex(Stores.denominations.exchangeBaseUrlIndex, exchangeBaseUrl)
-    .filter((d) => {
-      return (
-        (d.status === DenominationStatus.Unverified ||
-          d.status === DenominationStatus.VerifiedGood) &&
-        !d.isRevoked
-      );
+    .mktx((x) => ({ denominations: x.denominations }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      return tx.denominations.indexes.byExchangeBaseUrl
+        .iter(exchangeBaseUrl)
+        .filter((d) => {
+          return (
+            (d.status === DenominationStatus.Unverified ||
+              d.status === DenominationStatus.VerifiedGood) &&
+            !d.isRevoked
+          );
+        });
     });
 }
 
@@ -336,17 +339,24 @@ async function processPlanchetGenerate(
   withdrawalGroupId: string,
   coinIdx: number,
 ): Promise<void> {
-  const withdrawalGroup = await ws.db.get(
-    Stores.withdrawalGroups,
-    withdrawalGroupId,
-  );
+  const withdrawalGroup = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({ withdrawalGroups: x.withdrawalGroups }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      return await tx.withdrawalGroups.get(withdrawalGroupId);
+    });
   if (!withdrawalGroup) {
     return;
   }
-  let planchet = await ws.db.getIndexed(Stores.planchets.byGroupAndIndex, [
-    withdrawalGroupId,
-    coinIdx,
-  ]);
+  let planchet = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      planchets: x.planchets,
+    }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      return tx.planchets.indexes.byGroupAndIndex.get([
+        withdrawalGroupId,
+        coinIdx,
+      ]);
+    });
   if (!planchet) {
     let ci = 0;
     let denomPubHash: string | undefined;
@@ -365,20 +375,26 @@ async function processPlanchetGenerate(
     if (!denomPubHash) {
       throw Error("invariant violated");
     }
-    const denom = await ws.db.get(Stores.denominations, [
-      withdrawalGroup.exchangeBaseUrl,
-      denomPubHash,
-    ]);
-    if (!denom) {
-      throw Error("invariant violated");
-    }
-    const reserve = await ws.db.get(
-      Stores.reserves,
-      withdrawalGroup.reservePub,
-    );
-    if (!reserve) {
-      throw Error("invariant violated");
-    }
+
+    const { denom, reserve } = await ws.db
+      .mktx((x) => ({
+        reserves: x.reserves,
+        denominations: x.denominations,
+      }))
+      .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+        const denom = await tx.denominations.get([
+          withdrawalGroup.exchangeBaseUrl,
+          denomPubHash!,
+        ]);
+        if (!denom) {
+          throw Error("invariant violated");
+        }
+        const reserve = await tx.reserves.get(withdrawalGroup.reservePub);
+        if (!reserve) {
+          throw Error("invariant violated");
+        }
+        return { denom, reserve };
+      });
     const r = await ws.cryptoApi.createPlanchet({
       denomPub: denom.denomPub,
       feeWithdraw: denom.feeWithdraw,
@@ -405,18 +421,20 @@ async function processPlanchetGenerate(
       withdrawalGroupId: withdrawalGroupId,
       lastError: undefined,
     };
-    await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction([Stores.planchets], async (tx) => {
-      const p = await tx.getIndexed(Stores.planchets.byGroupAndIndex, [
-        withdrawalGroupId,
-        coinIdx,
-      ]);
-      if (p) {
-        planchet = p;
-        return;
-      }
-      await tx.put(Stores.planchets, newPlanchet);
-      planchet = newPlanchet;
-    });
+    await ws.db
+      .mktx((x) => ({ planchets: x.planchets }))
+      .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+        const p = await tx.planchets.indexes.byGroupAndIndex.get([
+          withdrawalGroupId,
+          coinIdx,
+        ]);
+        if (p) {
+          planchet = p;
+          return;
+        }
+        await tx.planchets.put(newPlanchet);
+        planchet = newPlanchet;
+      });
   }
 }
 
@@ -430,59 +448,70 @@ async function processPlanchetExchangeRequest(
   withdrawalGroupId: string,
   coinIdx: number,
 ): Promise<WithdrawResponse | undefined> {
-  const withdrawalGroup = await ws.db.get(
-    Stores.withdrawalGroups,
-    withdrawalGroupId,
-  );
-  if (!withdrawalGroup) {
-    return;
-  }
-  let planchet = await ws.db.getIndexed(Stores.planchets.byGroupAndIndex, [
-    withdrawalGroupId,
-    coinIdx,
-  ]);
-  if (!planchet) {
-    return;
-  }
-  if (planchet.withdrawalDone) {
-    logger.warn("processPlanchet: planchet already withdrawn");
-    return;
-  }
-  const exchange = await ws.db.get(
-    Stores.exchanges,
-    withdrawalGroup.exchangeBaseUrl,
-  );
-  if (!exchange) {
-    logger.error("db inconsistent: exchange for planchet not found");
-    return;
-  }
+  const d = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      withdrawalGroups: x.withdrawalGroups,
+      planchets: x.planchets,
+      exchanges: x.exchanges,
+      denominations: x.denominations,
+    }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      const withdrawalGroup = await tx.withdrawalGroups.get(withdrawalGroupId);
+      if (!withdrawalGroup) {
+        return;
+      }
+      let planchet = await tx.planchets.indexes.byGroupAndIndex.get([
+        withdrawalGroupId,
+        coinIdx,
+      ]);
+      if (!planchet) {
+        return;
+      }
+      if (planchet.withdrawalDone) {
+        logger.warn("processPlanchet: planchet already withdrawn");
+        return;
+      }
+      const exchange = await tx.exchanges.get(withdrawalGroup.exchangeBaseUrl);
+      if (!exchange) {
+        logger.error("db inconsistent: exchange for planchet not found");
+        return;
+      }
 
-  const denom = await ws.db.get(Stores.denominations, [
-    withdrawalGroup.exchangeBaseUrl,
-    planchet.denomPubHash,
-  ]);
+      const denom = await tx.denominations.get([
+        withdrawalGroup.exchangeBaseUrl,
+        planchet.denomPubHash,
+      ]);
 
-  if (!denom) {
-    console.error("db inconsistent: denom for planchet not found");
-    return;
-  }
+      if (!denom) {
+        console.error("db inconsistent: denom for planchet not found");
+        return;
+      }
 
-  logger.trace(
-    `processing planchet #${coinIdx} in withdrawal ${withdrawalGroupId}`,
-  );
+      logger.trace(
+        `processing planchet #${coinIdx} in withdrawal ${withdrawalGroupId}`,
+      );
 
-  const wd: any = {};
-  wd.denom_pub_hash = planchet.denomPubHash;
-  wd.reserve_pub = planchet.reservePub;
-  wd.reserve_sig = planchet.withdrawSig;
-  wd.coin_ev = planchet.coinEv;
-  const reqUrl = new URL(
-    `reserves/${planchet.reservePub}/withdraw`,
-    exchange.baseUrl,
-  ).href;
+      const reqBody: any = {
+        denom_pub_hash: planchet.denomPubHash,
+        reserve_pub: planchet.reservePub,
+        reserve_sig: planchet.withdrawSig,
+        coin_ev: planchet.coinEv,
+      };
+      const reqUrl = new URL(
+        `reserves/${planchet.reservePub}/withdraw`,
+        exchange.baseUrl,
+      ).href;
+
+      return { reqUrl, reqBody };
+    });
+
+  if (!d) {
+    return;
+  }
+  const { reqUrl, reqBody } = d;
 
   try {
-    const resp = await ws.http.postJson(reqUrl, wd);
+    const resp = await ws.http.postJson(reqUrl, reqBody);
     const r = await readSuccessResponseJsonOrThrow(
       resp,
       codecForWithdrawResponse(),
@@ -495,17 +524,19 @@ async function processPlanchetExchangeRequest(
       throw e;
     }
     const errDetails = e.operationError;
-    await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction([Stores.planchets], async (tx) => {
-      let planchet = await tx.getIndexed(Stores.planchets.byGroupAndIndex, [
-        withdrawalGroupId,
-        coinIdx,
-      ]);
-      if (!planchet) {
-        return;
-      }
-      planchet.lastError = errDetails;
-      await tx.put(Stores.planchets, planchet);
-    });
+    await ws.db
+      .mktx((x) => ({ planchets: x.planchets }))
+      .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+        let planchet = await tx.planchets.indexes.byGroupAndIndex.get([
+          withdrawalGroupId,
+          coinIdx,
+        ]);
+        if (!planchet) {
+          return;
+        }
+        planchet.lastError = errDetails;
+        await tx.planchets.put(planchet);
+      });
     return;
   }
 }
@@ -516,25 +547,36 @@ async function processPlanchetVerifyAndStoreCoin(
   coinIdx: number,
   resp: WithdrawResponse,
 ): Promise<void> {
-  const withdrawalGroup = await ws.db.get(
-    Stores.withdrawalGroups,
-    withdrawalGroupId,
-  );
-  if (!withdrawalGroup) {
-    return;
-  }
-  let planchet = await ws.db.getIndexed(Stores.planchets.byGroupAndIndex, [
-    withdrawalGroupId,
-    coinIdx,
-  ]);
-  if (!planchet) {
-    return;
-  }
-  if (planchet.withdrawalDone) {
-    logger.warn("processPlanchet: planchet already withdrawn");
+  const d = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      withdrawalGroups: x.withdrawalGroups,
+      planchets: x.planchets,
+    }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      const withdrawalGroup = await tx.withdrawalGroups.get(withdrawalGroupId);
+      if (!withdrawalGroup) {
+        return;
+      }
+      let planchet = await tx.planchets.indexes.byGroupAndIndex.get([
+        withdrawalGroupId,
+        coinIdx,
+      ]);
+      if (!planchet) {
+        return;
+      }
+      if (planchet.withdrawalDone) {
+        logger.warn("processPlanchet: planchet already withdrawn");
+        return;
+      }
+      return { planchet, exchangeBaseUrl: withdrawalGroup.exchangeBaseUrl };
+    });
+
+  if (!d) {
     return;
   }
 
+  const { planchet, exchangeBaseUrl } = d;
+
   const denomSig = await ws.cryptoApi.rsaUnblind(
     resp.ev_sig,
     planchet.blindingKey,
@@ -548,21 +590,23 @@ async function processPlanchetVerifyAndStoreCoin(
   );
 
   if (!isValid) {
-    await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction([Stores.planchets], async (tx) => {
-      let planchet = await tx.getIndexed(Stores.planchets.byGroupAndIndex, [
-        withdrawalGroupId,
-        coinIdx,
-      ]);
-      if (!planchet) {
-        return;
-      }
-      planchet.lastError = makeErrorDetails(
-        TalerErrorCode.WALLET_EXCHANGE_COIN_SIGNATURE_INVALID,
-        "invalid signature from the exchange after unblinding",
-        {},
-      );
-      await tx.put(Stores.planchets, planchet);
-    });
+    await ws.db
+      .mktx((x) => ({ planchets: x.planchets }))
+      .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+        let planchet = await tx.planchets.indexes.byGroupAndIndex.get([
+          withdrawalGroupId,
+          coinIdx,
+        ]);
+        if (!planchet) {
+          return;
+        }
+        planchet.lastError = makeErrorDetails(
+          TalerErrorCode.WALLET_EXCHANGE_COIN_SIGNATURE_INVALID,
+          "invalid signature from the exchange after unblinding",
+          {},
+        );
+        await tx.planchets.put(planchet);
+      });
     return;
   }
 
@@ -575,7 +619,7 @@ async function processPlanchetVerifyAndStoreCoin(
     denomPubHash: planchet.denomPubHash,
     denomSig,
     coinEvHash: planchet.coinEvHash,
-    exchangeBaseUrl: withdrawalGroup.exchangeBaseUrl,
+    exchangeBaseUrl: exchangeBaseUrl,
     status: CoinStatus.Fresh,
     coinSource: {
       type: CoinSourceType.Withdraw,
@@ -588,23 +632,27 @@ async function processPlanchetVerifyAndStoreCoin(
 
   const planchetCoinPub = planchet.coinPub;
 
-  const firstSuccess = await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction(
-    [Stores.coins, Stores.withdrawalGroups, Stores.reserves, Stores.planchets],
-    async (tx) => {
-      const ws = await tx.get(Stores.withdrawalGroups, withdrawalGroupId);
+  const firstSuccess = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      coins: x.coins,
+      withdrawalGroups: x.withdrawalGroups,
+      reserves: x.reserves,
+      planchets: x.planchets,
+    }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const ws = await tx.withdrawalGroups.get(withdrawalGroupId);
       if (!ws) {
         return false;
       }
-      const p = await tx.get(Stores.planchets, planchetCoinPub);
+      const p = await tx.planchets.get(planchetCoinPub);
       if (!p || p.withdrawalDone) {
         return false;
       }
       p.withdrawalDone = true;
-      await tx.put(Stores.planchets, p);
-      await tx.add(Stores.coins, coin);
+      await tx.planchets.put(p);
+      await tx.coins.add(coin);
       return true;
-    },
-  );
+    });
 
   if (firstSuccess) {
     ws.notify({
@@ -636,12 +684,14 @@ export async function updateWithdrawalDenoms(
   ws: InternalWalletState,
   exchangeBaseUrl: string,
 ): Promise<void> {
-  const exchangeDetails = await ws.db.runWithReadTransaction(
-    [Stores.exchanges, Stores.exchangeDetails],
-    async (tx) => {
+  const exchangeDetails = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      exchanges: x.exchanges,
+      exchangeDetails: x.exchangeDetails,
+    }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
       return getExchangeDetails(tx, exchangeBaseUrl);
-    },
-  );
+    });
   if (!exchangeDetails) {
     logger.error("exchange details not available");
     throw Error(`exchange ${exchangeBaseUrl} details not available`);
@@ -663,7 +713,11 @@ export async function updateWithdrawalDenoms(
       } else {
         denom.status = DenominationStatus.VerifiedGood;
       }
-      await ws.db.put(Stores.denominations, denom);
+      await ws.db
+        .mktx((x) => ({ denominations: x.denominations }))
+        .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+          await tx.denominations.put(denom);
+        });
     }
   }
   // FIXME:  This debug info should either be made conditional on some flag
@@ -698,16 +752,18 @@ async function incrementWithdrawalRetry(
   withdrawalGroupId: string,
   err: TalerErrorDetails | undefined,
 ): Promise<void> {
-  await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction([Stores.withdrawalGroups], async (tx) => {
-    const wsr = await tx.get(Stores.withdrawalGroups, withdrawalGroupId);
-    if (!wsr) {
-      return;
-    }
-    wsr.retryInfo.retryCounter++;
-    updateRetryInfoTimeout(wsr.retryInfo);
-    wsr.lastError = err;
-    await tx.put(Stores.withdrawalGroups, wsr);
-  });
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({ withdrawalGroups: x.withdrawalGroups }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const wsr = await tx.withdrawalGroups.get(withdrawalGroupId);
+      if (!wsr) {
+        return;
+      }
+      wsr.retryInfo.retryCounter++;
+      updateRetryInfoTimeout(wsr.retryInfo);
+      wsr.lastError = err;
+      await tx.withdrawalGroups.put(wsr);
+    });
   if (err) {
     ws.notify({ type: NotificationType.WithdrawOperationError, error: err });
   }
@@ -730,12 +786,15 @@ async function resetWithdrawalGroupRetry(
   ws: InternalWalletState,
   withdrawalGroupId: string,
 ): Promise<void> {
-  await ws.db.mutate(Stores.withdrawalGroups, withdrawalGroupId, (x) => {
-    if (x.retryInfo.active) {
-      x.retryInfo = initRetryInfo();
-    }
-    return x;
-  });
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({ withdrawalGroups: x.withdrawalGroups }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const x = await tx.withdrawalGroups.get(withdrawalGroupId);
+      if (x && x.retryInfo.active) {
+        x.retryInfo = initRetryInfo();
+        await tx.withdrawalGroups.put(x);
+      }
+    });
 }
 
 async function processWithdrawGroupImpl(
@@ -747,10 +806,11 @@ async function processWithdrawGroupImpl(
   if (forceNow) {
     await resetWithdrawalGroupRetry(ws, withdrawalGroupId);
   }
-  const withdrawalGroup = await ws.db.get(
-    Stores.withdrawalGroups,
-    withdrawalGroupId,
-  );
+  const withdrawalGroup = await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({ withdrawalGroups: x.withdrawalGroups }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      return tx.withdrawalGroups.get(withdrawalGroupId);
+    });
   if (!withdrawalGroup) {
     logger.trace("withdraw session doesn't exist");
     return;
@@ -793,16 +853,21 @@ async function processWithdrawGroupImpl(
   let finishedForFirstTime = false;
   let errorsPerCoin: Record<number, TalerErrorDetails> = {};
 
-  await ws.db.runWithWriteTransaction(
-    [Stores.coins, Stores.withdrawalGroups, Stores.reserves, Stores.planchets],
-    async (tx) => {
-      const wg = await tx.get(Stores.withdrawalGroups, withdrawalGroupId);
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      coins: x.coins,
+      withdrawalGroups: x.withdrawalGroups,
+      reserves: x.reserves,
+      planchets: x.planchets,
+    }))
+    .runReadWrite(async (tx) => {
+      const wg = await tx.withdrawalGroups.get(withdrawalGroupId);
       if (!wg) {
         return;
       }
 
-      await tx
-        .iterIndexed(Stores.planchets.byGroup, withdrawalGroupId)
+      await tx.planchets.indexes.byGroup
+        .iter(withdrawalGroupId)
         .forEach((x) => {
           if (x.withdrawalDone) {
             numFinished++;
@@ -819,9 +884,8 @@ async function processWithdrawGroupImpl(
         wg.retryInfo = initRetryInfo(false);
       }
 
-      await tx.put(Stores.withdrawalGroups, wg);
-    },
-  );
+      await tx.withdrawalGroups.put(wg);
+    });
 
   if (numFinished != numTotalCoins) {
     throw OperationFailedError.fromCode(
@@ -871,8 +935,12 @@ export async function getExchangeWithdrawalInfo(
   }
 
   const possibleDenoms = await ws.db
-    .iterIndex(Stores.denominations.exchangeBaseUrlIndex, baseUrl)
-    .filter((d) => d.isOffered);
+    .mktx((x) => ({ denominations: x.denominations }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      return tx.denominations.indexes.byExchangeBaseUrl
+        .iter()
+        .filter((d) => d.isOffered);
+    });
 
   let versionMatch;
   if (exchangeDetails.protocolVersion) {
@@ -953,23 +1021,24 @@ export async function getWithdrawalDetailsForUri(
 
   const exchanges: ExchangeListItem[] = [];
 
-  const exchangeRecords = await ws.db.iter(Stores.exchanges).toArray();
-
-  for (const r of exchangeRecords) {
-    const details = await ws.db.runWithReadTransaction(
-      [Stores.exchanges, Stores.exchangeDetails],
-      async (tx) => {
-        return getExchangeDetails(tx, r.baseUrl);
-      },
-    );
-    if (details) {
-      exchanges.push({
-        exchangeBaseUrl: details.exchangeBaseUrl,
-        currency: details.currency,
-        paytoUris: details.wireInfo.accounts.map((x) => x.payto_uri),
-      });
-    }
-  }
+  await ws.db
+    .mktx((x) => ({
+      exchanges: x.exchanges,
+      exchangeDetails: x.exchangeDetails,
+    }))
+    .runReadOnly(async (tx) => {
+      const exchangeRecords = await tx.exchanges.iter().toArray();
+      for (const r of exchangeRecords) {
+        const details = await getExchangeDetails(tx, r.baseUrl);
+        if (details) {
+          exchanges.push({
+            exchangeBaseUrl: details.exchangeBaseUrl,
+            currency: details.currency,
+            paytoUris: details.wireInfo.accounts.map((x) => x.payto_uri),
+          });
+        }
+      }
+    });
 
   return {
     amount: Amounts.stringify(info.amount),