fixing #4230 in bank-lib

16 files changed, 11125 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/src/exchangedb/Makefile.am b/src/exchangedb/Makefile.am
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d56d6676a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/exchangedb/Makefile.am
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+# This Makefile.am is in the public domain
+AM_CPPFLAGS = -I$(top_srcdir)/src/include -I$(top_srcdir)/src/pq/ $(POSTGRESQL_CPPFLAGS)
+
+if USE_COVERAGE
+  AM_CFLAGS = --coverage -O0
+  XLIB = -lgcov
+endif
+
+plugindir = $(libdir)/taler
+
+if HAVE_POSTGRESQL
+plugin_LTLIBRARIES = \
+  libtaler_plugin_exchangedb_postgres.la
+endif
+
+EXTRA_DIST = \
+  plugin_exchangedb_common.c \
+  test-exchange-db-postgres.conf
+
+libtaler_plugin_exchangedb_postgres_la_SOURCES = \
+  plugin_exchangedb_postgres.c
+libtaler_plugin_exchangedb_postgres_la_LIBADD = \
+  $(LTLIBINTL)
+libtaler_plugin_exchangedb_postgres_la_LDFLAGS = \
+  $(TALER_PLUGIN_LDFLAGS) \
+  $(top_builddir)/src/pq/libtalerpq.la \
+  $(top_builddir)/src/util/libtalerutil.la \
+  -lpq \
+  -lgnunetpq \
+  -lgnunetutil $(XLIB)
+
+lib_LTLIBRARIES = \
+  libtalerexchangedb.la
+
+libtalerexchangedb_la_SOURCES = \
+  exchangedb_keyio.c \
+  exchangedb_plugin.c
+
+libtalerexchangedb_la_LIBADD = \
+  $(top_builddir)/src/util/libtalerutil.la \
+  -lgnunetutil  $(XLIB)
+
+libtalerexchangedb_la_LDFLAGS = \
+  $(POSTGRESQL_LDFLAGS) \
+  -version-info 0:0:0 \
+  -no-undefined
+
+
+check_PROGRAMS = \
+  test-exchangedb-deposits \
+  test-exchangedb-keyio \
+  test-exchangedb-postgres \
+  test-perf-taler-exchangedb \
+  perf-exchangedb
+
+TESTS = \
+  test-exchangedb-postgres \
+  test-perf-taler-exchangedb
+
+test_exchangedb_deposits_SOURCES = \
+  test_exchangedb_deposits.c
+test_exchangedb_deposits_LDADD = \
+  libtalerexchangedb.la \
+  $(top_srcdir)/src/util/libtalerutil.la \
+  $(top_srcdir)/src/pq/libtalerpq.la \
+  -lgnunetutil \
+  -ljansson \
+  -lpq
+
+test_exchangedb_keyio_SOURCES = \
+  test_exchangedb_keyio.c
+test_exchangedb_keyio_LDADD = \
+  libtalerexchangedb.la \
+  $(top_srcdir)/src/util/libtalerutil.la \
+  $(top_srcdir)/src/pq/libtalerpq.la \
+  -lgnunetutil
+
+test_exchangedb_postgres_SOURCES = \
+  test_exchangedb.c
+test_exchangedb_postgres_LDADD = \
+  libtalerexchangedb.la \
+  $(top_srcdir)/src/util/libtalerutil.la \
+  $(top_srcdir)/src/pq/libtalerpq.la \
+  -lgnunetutil -ljansson
+
+test_perf_taler_exchangedb_SOURCES = \
+  test_perf_taler_exchangedb.c \
+  perf_taler_exchangedb_init.c \
+  perf_taler_exchangedb_interpreter.c
+test_perf_taler_exchangedb_LDADD = \
+  libtalerexchangedb.la \
+  $(top_srcdir)/src/util/libtalerutil.la \
+  $(top_srcdir)/src/pq/libtalerpq.la \
+  -ljansson \
+  -lgnunetutil
+
+perf_exchangedb_SOURCES = \
+  perf_taler_exchangedb.c \
+  perf_taler_exchangedb_init.c \
+  perf_taler_exchangedb_interpreter.c
+perf_exchangedb_LDADD = \
+  libtalerexchangedb.la \
+  $(top_srcdir)/src/util/libtalerutil.la \
+  $(top_srcdir)/src/pq/libtalerpq.la \
+  -ljansson \
+  -lgnunetutil
+
+
+EXTRA_test_exchangedb_postgres_DEPENDENCIES = \
+  libtaler_plugin_exchangedb_postgres.la
diff --git a/src/exchangedb/exchangedb_keyio.c b/src/exchangedb/exchangedb_keyio.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6b8ca24e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/exchangedb/exchangedb_keyio.c
@@ -0,0 +1,558 @@
+/*
+  This file is part of TALER
+  Copyright (C) 2014, 2015 GNUnet e.V.
+
+  TALER is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
+  terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
+  Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option) any later version.
+
+  TALER is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
+  WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
+  A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
+  TALER; see the file COPYING.  If not, If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>
+*/
+/**
+ * @file exchangedb/exchangedb_keyio.c
+ * @brief I/O operations for the Exchange's private keys
+ * @author Florian Dold
+ * @author Benedikt Mueller
+ * @author Sree Harsha Totakura
+ * @author Christian Grothoff
+ */
+#include "platform.h"
+#include "taler_exchangedb_lib.h"
+
+
+/**
+ * Closure for the #signkeys_iterate_dir_iter().
+ */
+struct SignkeysIterateContext
+{
+
+  /**
+   * Function to call on each signing key.
+   */
+  TALER_EXCHANGEDB_SigningKeyIterator it;
+
+  /**
+   * Closure for @e it.
+   */
+  void *it_cls;
+};
+
+
+/**
+ * Function called on each file in the directory with our signing
+ * keys. Parses the file and calls the iterator from @a cls.
+ *
+ * @param cls the `struct SignkeysIterateContext *`
+ * @param filename name of the file to parse
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK to continue,
+ *         #GNUNET_NO to stop iteration without error,
+ *         #GNUNET_SYSERR to stop iteration with error
+ */
+static int
+signkeys_iterate_dir_iter (void *cls,
+                           const char *filename)
+{
+  struct SignkeysIterateContext *skc = cls;
+  ssize_t nread;
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_PrivateSigningKeyInformationP issue;
+
+  nread = GNUNET_DISK_fn_read (filename,
+                               &issue,
+                               sizeof (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_PrivateSigningKeyInformationP));
+  if (nread != sizeof (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_PrivateSigningKeyInformationP))
+  {
+    GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_WARNING,
+                "Invalid signkey file `%s': wrong size (%d, expected %u)\n",
+                filename,
+                (int) nread,
+                sizeof (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_PrivateSigningKeyInformationP));
+    return GNUNET_OK;
+  }
+  return skc->it (skc->it_cls,
+                  filename,
+                  &issue);
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Call @a it for each signing key found in the @a exchange_base_dir.
+ *
+ * @param exchange_base_dir base directory for the exchange,
+ *                      the signing keys must be in the #TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DIR_SIGNING_KEYS
+ *                      subdirectory
+ * @param it function to call on each signing key
+ * @param it_cls closure for @a it
+ * @return number of files found (may not match
+ *         number of keys given to @a it as malformed
+ *         files are simply skipped), -1 on error
+ */
+int
+TALER_EXCHANGEDB_signing_keys_iterate (const char *exchange_base_dir,
+                                   TALER_EXCHANGEDB_SigningKeyIterator it,
+                                   void *it_cls)
+{
+  char *signkey_dir;
+  struct SignkeysIterateContext skc;
+  int ret;
+
+  GNUNET_asprintf (&signkey_dir,
+                   "%s" DIR_SEPARATOR_STR TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DIR_SIGNING_KEYS,
+                   exchange_base_dir);
+  skc.it = it;
+  skc.it_cls = it_cls;
+  ret = GNUNET_DISK_directory_scan (signkey_dir,
+                                    &signkeys_iterate_dir_iter,
+                                    &skc);
+  GNUNET_free (signkey_dir);
+  return ret;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Import a denomination key from the given file.
+ *
+ * @param filename the file to import the key from
+ * @param[out] dki set to the imported denomination key
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK upon success;
+ *         #GNUNET_SYSERR upon failure
+ */
+int
+TALER_EXCHANGEDB_denomination_key_read (const char *filename,
+                                    struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DenominationKeyIssueInformation *dki)
+{
+  uint64_t size;
+  size_t offset;
+  void *data;
+  struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_PrivateKey *priv;
+
+  if (GNUNET_OK != GNUNET_DISK_file_size (filename,
+                                          &size,
+                                          GNUNET_YES,
+                                          GNUNET_YES))
+  {
+    GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_INFO,
+                "Skipping inaccessable denomination key file `%s'\n",
+                filename);
+    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  }
+  offset = sizeof (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DenominationKeyInformationP);
+  if (size <= offset)
+  {
+    GNUNET_break (0);
+    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  }
+  data = GNUNET_malloc (size);
+  if (size !=
+      GNUNET_DISK_fn_read (filename,
+                           data,
+                           size))
+  {
+    GNUNET_log_strerror_file (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_WARNING,
+                              "read",
+                              filename);
+    GNUNET_free (data);
+    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  }
+  if (NULL ==
+      (priv = GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_private_key_decode (data + offset,
+                                                    size - offset)))
+  {
+    GNUNET_free (data);
+    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  }
+  GNUNET_assert (NULL == dki->denom_priv.rsa_private_key);
+  dki->denom_priv.rsa_private_key = priv;
+  dki->denom_pub.rsa_public_key
+    = GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_private_key_get_public (priv);
+  memcpy (&dki->issue,
+          data,
+          offset);
+  GNUNET_free (data);
+  return GNUNET_OK;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Exports a denomination key to the given file.
+ *
+ * @param filename the file where to write the denomination key
+ * @param dki the denomination key
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK upon success; #GNUNET_SYSERR upon failure.
+ */
+int
+TALER_EXCHANGEDB_denomination_key_write (const char *filename,
+                                     const struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DenominationKeyIssueInformation *dki)
+{
+  char *priv_enc;
+  size_t priv_enc_size;
+  struct GNUNET_DISK_FileHandle *fh;
+  ssize_t wrote;
+  size_t wsize;
+  int ret;
+
+  fh = NULL;
+  priv_enc_size
+    = GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_private_key_encode (dki->denom_priv.rsa_private_key,
+                                            &priv_enc);
+  ret = GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  if (NULL == (fh = GNUNET_DISK_file_open
+               (filename,
+                GNUNET_DISK_OPEN_WRITE | GNUNET_DISK_OPEN_CREATE | GNUNET_DISK_OPEN_TRUNCATE,
+                GNUNET_DISK_PERM_USER_READ | GNUNET_DISK_PERM_USER_WRITE)))
+    goto cleanup;
+  wsize = sizeof (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DenominationKeyInformationP);
+  if (GNUNET_SYSERR == (wrote = GNUNET_DISK_file_write (fh,
+                                                        &dki->issue,
+                                                        wsize)))
+    goto cleanup;
+  if (wrote != wsize)
+    goto cleanup;
+  if (GNUNET_SYSERR ==
+      (wrote = GNUNET_DISK_file_write (fh,
+                                       priv_enc,
+                                       priv_enc_size)))
+    goto cleanup;
+  if (wrote != priv_enc_size)
+    goto cleanup;
+  ret = GNUNET_OK;
+ cleanup:
+  GNUNET_free_non_null (priv_enc);
+  if (NULL != fh)
+    (void) GNUNET_DISK_file_close (fh);
+  return ret;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Closure for #denomkeys_iterate_keydir_iter() and
+ * #denomkeys_iterate_topdir_iter().
+ */
+struct DenomkeysIterateContext
+{
+
+  /**
+   * Set to the name of the directory below the top-level directory
+   * during the call to #denomkeys_iterate_keydir_iter().
+   */
+  const char *alias;
+
+  /**
+   * Function to call on each denomination key.
+   */
+  TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DenominationKeyIterator it;
+
+  /**
+   * Closure for @e it.
+   */
+  void *it_cls;
+};
+
+
+/**
+ * Decode the denomination key in the given file @a filename and call
+ * the callback in @a cls with the information.
+ *
+ * @param cls the `struct DenomkeysIterateContext *`
+ * @param filename name of a file that should contain
+ *                 a denomination key
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK to continue to iterate
+ *         #GNUNET_NO to abort iteration with success
+ *         #GNUNET_SYSERR to abort iteration with failure
+ */
+static int
+denomkeys_iterate_keydir_iter (void *cls,
+                               const char *filename)
+{
+  struct DenomkeysIterateContext *dic = cls;
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DenominationKeyIssueInformation issue;
+  int ret;
+
+  memset (&issue, 0, sizeof (issue));
+  if (GNUNET_OK !=
+      TALER_EXCHANGEDB_denomination_key_read (filename,
+                                          &issue))
+  {
+    GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_WARNING,
+                "Invalid denomkey file: '%s'\n",
+                filename);
+    return GNUNET_OK;
+  }
+  ret = dic->it (dic->it_cls,
+                 dic->alias,
+                 &issue);
+  GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_private_key_free (issue.denom_priv.rsa_private_key);
+  GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_public_key_free (issue.denom_pub.rsa_public_key);
+  return ret;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Function called on each subdirectory in the #TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DIR_DENOMINATION_KEYS.  Will
+ * call the #denomkeys_iterate_keydir_iter() on each file in the
+ * subdirectory.
+ *
+ * @param cls the `struct DenomkeysIterateContext *`
+ * @param filename name of the subdirectory to scan
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK on success,
+ *         #GNUNET_SYSERR if we need to abort
+ */
+static int
+denomkeys_iterate_topdir_iter (void *cls,
+                               const char *filename)
+{
+  struct DenomkeysIterateContext *dic = cls;
+
+  dic->alias = GNUNET_STRINGS_get_short_name (filename);
+  if (0 > GNUNET_DISK_directory_scan (filename,
+                                      &denomkeys_iterate_keydir_iter,
+                                      dic))
+    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  return GNUNET_OK;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Call @a it for each denomination key found in the @a exchange_base_dir.
+ *
+ * @param exchange_base_dir base directory for the exchange,
+ *                      the signing keys must be in the #TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DIR_DENOMINATION_KEYS
+ *                      subdirectory
+ * @param it function to call on each denomination key found
+ * @param it_cls closure for @a it
+ * @return -1 on error, 0 if no files were found, otherwise
+ *         a positive number (however, even with a positive
+ *         number it is possible that @a it was never called
+ *         as maybe none of the files were well-formed)
+ */
+int
+TALER_EXCHANGEDB_denomination_keys_iterate (const char *exchange_base_dir,
+                                        TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DenominationKeyIterator it,
+                                        void *it_cls)
+{
+  char *dir;
+  struct DenomkeysIterateContext dic;
+  int ret;
+
+  GNUNET_asprintf (&dir,
+                   "%s" DIR_SEPARATOR_STR TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DIR_DENOMINATION_KEYS,
+                   exchange_base_dir);
+  dic.it = it;
+  dic.it_cls = it_cls;
+  ret = GNUNET_DISK_directory_scan (dir,
+                                    &denomkeys_iterate_topdir_iter,
+                                    &dic);
+  GNUNET_free (dir);
+  return ret;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Closure for #auditor_iter() and
+ */
+struct AuditorIterateContext
+{
+
+  /**
+   * Function to call with the information for each auditor.
+   */
+  TALER_EXCHANGEDB_AuditorIterator it;
+
+  /**
+   * Closure for @e it.
+   */
+  void *it_cls;
+};
+
+
+GNUNET_NETWORK_STRUCT_BEGIN
+
+/**
+ * Header of a file with auditing information.
+ */
+struct AuditorFileHeaderP
+{
+
+  /**
+   * Public key of the auditor.
+   */
+  struct TALER_AuditorPublicKeyP apub;
+
+  /**
+   * Master public key of the exchange the auditor is signing
+   * information for.
+   */
+  struct TALER_MasterPublicKeyP mpub;
+
+};
+GNUNET_NETWORK_STRUCT_END
+
+
+/**
+ * Load the auditor signature and the information signed by the
+ * auditor and call the callback in @a cls with the information.
+ *
+ * @param cls the `struct AuditorIterateContext *`
+ * @param filename name of a file that should contain
+ *                 a denomination key
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK to continue to iterate
+ *         #GNUNET_NO to abort iteration with success
+ *         #GNUNET_SYSERR to abort iteration with failure
+ */
+static int
+auditor_iter (void *cls,
+              const char *filename)
+{
+  struct AuditorIterateContext *aic = cls;
+  uint64_t size;
+  struct AuditorFileHeaderP *af;
+  const struct TALER_AuditorSignatureP *sigs;
+  const struct TALER_DenominationKeyValidityPS *dki;
+  unsigned int len;
+  int ret;
+
+  if (GNUNET_OK != GNUNET_DISK_file_size (filename,
+                                          &size,
+                                          GNUNET_YES,
+                                          GNUNET_YES))
+  {
+    GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_INFO,
+                "Skipping inaccessable auditor information file `%s'\n",
+                filename);
+    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  }
+  if ( (size < sizeof (struct AuditorFileHeaderP)) ||
+       (0 != (len = ((size - sizeof (struct AuditorFileHeaderP)) %
+                     (sizeof (struct TALER_DenominationKeyValidityPS) +
+                      sizeof (struct TALER_AuditorSignatureP))))) )
+  {
+    GNUNET_break (0);
+    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  }
+  af = GNUNET_malloc (size);
+  if (size !=
+      GNUNET_DISK_fn_read (filename,
+                           af,
+                           size))
+  {
+    GNUNET_log_strerror_file (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_WARNING,
+                              "read",
+                              filename);
+    GNUNET_free (af);
+    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  }
+  sigs = (const struct TALER_AuditorSignatureP *) &af[1];
+  dki = (const struct TALER_DenominationKeyValidityPS *) &sigs[len];
+  ret = aic->it (aic->it_cls,
+                 &af->apub,
+                 &af->mpub,
+                 len,
+                 sigs,
+                 dki);
+  GNUNET_free (af);
+  return ret;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Call @a it with information for each auditor found in the @a exchange_base_dir.
+ *
+ * @param exchange_base_dir base directory for the exchange,
+ *                      the signing keys must be in the #TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DIR_DENOMINATION_KEYS
+ *                      subdirectory
+ * @param it function to call with auditor information
+ * @param it_cls closure for @a it
+ * @return -1 on error, 0 if no files were found, otherwise
+ *         a positive number (however, even with a positive
+ *         number it is possible that @a it was never called
+ *         as maybe none of the files were well-formed)
+ */
+int
+TALER_EXCHANGEDB_auditor_iterate (const char *exchange_base_dir,
+                              TALER_EXCHANGEDB_AuditorIterator it,
+                              void *it_cls)
+{
+  char *dir;
+  struct AuditorIterateContext aic;
+  int ret;
+
+  GNUNET_asprintf (&dir,
+                   "%s" DIR_SEPARATOR_STR TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DIR_AUDITORS,
+                   exchange_base_dir);
+  aic.it = it;
+  aic.it_cls = it_cls;
+  ret = GNUNET_DISK_directory_scan (dir,
+                                    &auditor_iter,
+                                    &aic);
+  GNUNET_free (dir);
+  return ret;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Write auditor information to the given file.
+ *
+ * @param filename the file where to write the auditor information to
+ * @param apub the auditor's public key
+ * @param asigs the auditor's signatures, array of length @a dki_len
+ * @param mpub the exchange's public key (as expected by the auditor)
+ * @param dki_len length of @a dki
+ * @param dki array of denomination coin data signed by the auditor
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK upon success; #GNUNET_SYSERR upon failure.
+ */
+int
+TALER_EXCHANGEDB_auditor_write (const char *filename,
+                            const struct TALER_AuditorPublicKeyP *apub,
+                            const struct TALER_AuditorSignatureP *asigs,
+                            const struct TALER_MasterPublicKeyP *mpub,
+                            unsigned int dki_len,
+                            const struct TALER_DenominationKeyValidityPS *dki)
+{
+  struct AuditorFileHeaderP af;
+  struct GNUNET_DISK_FileHandle *fh;
+  ssize_t wrote;
+  size_t wsize;
+  int ret;
+  int eno;
+
+  af.apub = *apub;
+  af.mpub = *mpub;
+  ret = GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  if (NULL == (fh = GNUNET_DISK_file_open
+               (filename,
+                GNUNET_DISK_OPEN_WRITE | GNUNET_DISK_OPEN_CREATE | GNUNET_DISK_OPEN_TRUNCATE,
+                GNUNET_DISK_PERM_USER_READ | GNUNET_DISK_PERM_USER_WRITE)))
+    goto cleanup;
+  wsize = sizeof (struct AuditorFileHeaderP);
+  if (GNUNET_SYSERR == (wrote = GNUNET_DISK_file_write (fh,
+                                                        &af,
+                                                        wsize)))
+    goto cleanup;
+  if (wrote != wsize)
+    goto cleanup;
+  wsize = dki_len * sizeof (struct TALER_AuditorSignatureP);
+  if (wsize ==
+      GNUNET_DISK_file_write (fh,
+                              asigs,
+                              wsize))
+    ret = GNUNET_OK;
+  wsize = dki_len * sizeof (struct TALER_DenominationKeyValidityPS);
+  if (wsize ==
+      GNUNET_DISK_file_write (fh,
+                              dki,
+                              wsize))
+    ret = GNUNET_OK;
+ cleanup:
+  eno = errno;
+  if (NULL != fh)
+    (void) GNUNET_DISK_file_close (fh);
+  errno = eno;
+  return ret;
+}
+
+
+/* end of exchangedb_keyio.c */
diff --git a/src/exchangedb/exchangedb_plugin.c b/src/exchangedb/exchangedb_plugin.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ebaef9cc0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/exchangedb/exchangedb_plugin.c
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+/*
+  This file is part of TALER
+  Copyright (C) 2015 GNUnet e.V.
+
+  TALER is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
+  terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
+  Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option) any later version.
+
+  TALER is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
+  WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
+  A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
+  TALER; see the file COPYING.  If not, If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>
+*/
+/**
+ * @file exchangedb/exchangedb_plugin.c
+ * @brief Logic to load database plugin
+ * @author Christian Grothoff
+ * @author Sree Harsha Totakura <sreeharsha@totakura.in>
+ */
+#include "platform.h"
+#include "taler_exchangedb_plugin.h"
+#include <ltdl.h>
+
+
+/**
+ * Initialize the plugin.
+ *
+ * @param cfg configuration to use
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK on success
+ */
+struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Plugin *
+TALER_EXCHANGEDB_plugin_load (const struct GNUNET_CONFIGURATION_Handle *cfg)
+{
+  char *plugin_name;
+  char *lib_name;
+  struct GNUNET_CONFIGURATION_Handle *cfg_dup;
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Plugin *plugin;
+
+  if (GNUNET_SYSERR ==
+      GNUNET_CONFIGURATION_get_value_string (cfg,
+                                             "exchange",
+                                             "db",
+                                             &plugin_name))
+  {
+    GNUNET_log_config_missing (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                               "exchange",
+                               "db");
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  (void) GNUNET_asprintf (&lib_name,
+                          "libtaler_plugin_exchangedb_%s",
+                          plugin_name);
+  GNUNET_free (plugin_name);
+  cfg_dup = GNUNET_CONFIGURATION_dup (cfg);
+  plugin = GNUNET_PLUGIN_load (lib_name, cfg_dup);
+  if (NULL != plugin)
+    plugin->library_name = lib_name;
+  else
+    GNUNET_free (lib_name);
+  GNUNET_CONFIGURATION_destroy (cfg_dup);
+  return plugin;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Shutdown the plugin.
+ *
+ * @param plugin the plugin to unload
+ */
+void
+TALER_EXCHANGEDB_plugin_unload (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Plugin *plugin)
+{
+  char *lib_name;
+
+  if (NULL == plugin)
+    return;
+  lib_name = plugin->library_name;
+  GNUNET_assert (NULL == GNUNET_PLUGIN_unload (lib_name,
+                                               plugin));
+  GNUNET_free (lib_name);
+}
+
+
+
+/* end of exchangedb_plugin.c */
diff --git a/src/exchangedb/perf_taler_exchangedb.c b/src/exchangedb/perf_taler_exchangedb.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6ff7f5331
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/exchangedb/perf_taler_exchangedb.c
@@ -0,0 +1,358 @@
+/*
+   This file is part of TALER
+   Copyright (C) 2014, 2015 GNUnet e.V.
+
+   TALER is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
+   terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
+   Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option) any later version.
+
+   TALER is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
+   WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
+   A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
+   TALER; see the file COPYING.  If not, If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>
+   */
+/**
+ * @file exchangedb/perf_taler_exchangedb.c
+ * @brief Exchange database performance analysis
+ * @author Nicolas Fournier
+ */
+#include "platform.h"
+#include "perf_taler_exchangedb_interpreter.h"
+
+
+#define NB_DENOMINATION_INIT  15
+#define NB_DENOMINATION_SAVE  15
+
+#define SMALL 1000
+#define BIG 10000
+#define BIGGER 100000
+
+#define NB_RESERVE_INIT   BIGGER
+#define NB_RESERVE_SAVE   BIG
+
+#define NB_DEPOSIT_INIT   BIGGER
+#define NB_DEPOSIT_SAVE   BIG
+
+#define NB_WITHDRAW_INIT  BIGGER
+#define NB_WITHDRAW_SAVE  BIG
+
+#define NB_REFRESH_INIT BIGGER
+#define NB_REFRESH_SAVE BIG
+
+#define NB_MELT_INIT BIG
+#define NB_MELT_SAVE SMALL
+
+/**
+ * Runs the performances tests for the exchange database
+ * and logs the results using Gauger
+ */
+int
+main (int argc, char ** argv)
+{
+  int ret;
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Cmd benchmark[] =
+  {
+    /* Denomination used to create coins */
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_DEBUG ("Initializing database"),
+
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_LOOP ("01 - denomination loop",
+                                     NB_DENOMINATION_INIT),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_START_TRANSACTION (""),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_CREATE_DENOMINATION ("01 - denomination"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_INSERT_DENOMINATION ("01 - insert",
+                                                    "01 - denomination"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_COMMIT_TRANSACTION (""),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_SAVE_ARRAY ("01 - save denomination",
+                                           "01 - denomination loop",
+                                           "01 - denomination",
+                                           NB_DENOMINATION_SAVE),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_END_LOOP ("01 - end",
+                                         "01 - denomination loop"),
+    /* End of initialization */
+    /* Reserve initialization */
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_LOOP ("02 - init reserve loop",
+                                     NB_RESERVE_INIT),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_CREATE_RESERVE ("02 - reserve"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_INSERT_RESERVE ("02 - insert",
+                                               "02 - reserve"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_SAVE_ARRAY ("02 - save reserve",
+                                           "02 - init reserve loop",
+                                           "02 - reserve",
+                                           NB_RESERVE_SAVE),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_END_LOOP ("02 - end",
+                                         "02 - init reserve loop"),
+    /* End reserve init */
+    /* Withdrawal initialization */
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_LOOP ("03 - init withdraw loop",
+                                     NB_WITHDRAW_INIT),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_START_TRANSACTION (""),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_LOAD_ARRAY ("03 - denomination load",
+                                           "03 - init withdraw loop",
+                                           "01 - save denomination"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_LOAD_ARRAY ("03 - reserve load",
+                                           "03 - init withdraw loop",
+                                           "02 - save reserve"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_CREATE_WITHDRAW ("03 - withdraw",
+                                                "03 - denomination load",
+                                                "03 - reserve load"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_INSERT_WITHDRAW ("03 - insert",
+                                                "03 - withdraw"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_COMMIT_TRANSACTION (""),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_SAVE_ARRAY ("03 - save coin",
+                                           "03 - init withdraw loop",
+                                           "03 - withdraw",
+                                           NB_WITHDRAW_SAVE),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_END_LOOP ("03 - end",
+                                         "03 - init withdraw loop"),
+    /*End of withdrawal initialization */
+    /*Deposit initialization */
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_LOOP ("04 - deposit init loop",
+                                     NB_DEPOSIT_INIT),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_START_TRANSACTION (""),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_LOAD_ARRAY ("04 - coin load",
+                                           "04 - deposit init loop",
+                                           "03 - save coin"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_CREATE_DEPOSIT ("04 - deposit",
+                                               "04 - coin load"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_INSERT_DEPOSIT ("04 - insert",
+                                               "04 - deposit"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_COMMIT_TRANSACTION (""),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_SAVE_ARRAY ("04 - deposit array",
+                                           "04 - deposit init loop",
+                                           "04 - deposit",
+                                           NB_DEPOSIT_SAVE),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_END_LOOP ("",
+                                         "04 - deposit init loop"),
+    /* End of deposit initialization */
+    /* Session initialization */
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_LOOP ("05 - refresh session init loop",
+                                     NB_REFRESH_INIT),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_START_TRANSACTION (""),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_CREATE_REFRESH_SESSION ("05 - refresh session"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_SAVE_ARRAY ("05 - session array",
+                                           "05 - refresh session init loop",
+                                           "05 - refresh session",
+                                           NB_RESERVE_SAVE),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_COMMIT_TRANSACTION (""),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_END_LOOP ("05 - end",
+                                         "05 - refresh session init loop"),
+    /* End of refresh session initialization */
+    /* Refresh melt initialization */
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_LOOP ("06 - refresh melt init loop",
+                                     NB_MELT_INIT),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_START_TRANSACTION (""),
+    /* TODO: initialize using coins & sessions created localy 
+     * in order to make sure the same coin are not melted twice*/
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_LOAD_ARRAY ("06 - session hash",
+                                           "06 - refresh melt init loop",
+                                           "05 - session array"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_LOAD_ARRAY ("06 - coin",
+                                           "06 - refresh melt init loop",
+                                           "03 - save coin"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_INSERT_REFRESH_MELT ("06 - refresh melt",
+                                                    "06 - session hash",
+                                                    "06 - coin"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_COMMIT_TRANSACTION (""),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_END_LOOP ("06 - end",
+                                         "06 - refresh melt init loop"),
+    /* End of refresh melt initialization */
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_DEBUG ("End of initialization"),
+
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_DEBUG ("Start of performances measuring"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GET_TIME ("21 - start"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_LOOP ("21 - reserve insert measure",
+                                     NB_RESERVE_SAVE),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_CREATE_RESERVE ("21 - reserve"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_INSERT_RESERVE ("21 - insert",
+                                               "21 - reserve"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_END_LOOP ("",
+                                         "21 - reserve insert measure"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GET_TIME ("21 - stop"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GAUGER ("21 - gauger",
+                                       "21 - start",
+                                       "21 - stop",
+                                       "POSTGRES",
+                                       "Number of reserve inserted per second",
+                                       "item/sec",
+                                       NB_RESERVE_SAVE),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_DEBUG ("End of reserve insertion"),
+
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GET_TIME ("22 - start"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_LOOP ("22 - reserve load measure",
+                                     NB_RESERVE_SAVE),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_LOAD_ARRAY ("22 - reserve",
+                                           "22 - reserve load measure",
+                                           "02 - save reserve"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GET_RESERVE ("22 - get",
+                                            "22 - reserve"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_END_LOOP ("",
+                                         "22 - reserve load measure"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GET_TIME ("22 - stop"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GAUGER ("",
+                                       "22 - start",
+                                       "22 - stop",
+                                       "POSTGRES",
+                                       "Number of reserve loaded per second",
+                                       "item/sec",
+                                       NB_RESERVE_SAVE),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_DEBUG ("End of reserve retreival"),
+
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GET_TIME ("23 - start"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_LOOP ("23 - reserve history measure",
+                                     NB_RESERVE_SAVE),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_LOAD_ARRAY ("23 - reserve",
+                                           "23 - reserve history measure",
+                                           "02 - save reserve"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GET_RESERVE_HISTORY ("",
+                                                    "23 - reserve"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_END_LOOP ("",
+                                         "23 - reserve history measure"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GET_TIME ("23 - stop"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GAUGER ("",
+                                       "23 - start",
+                                       "23 - stop",
+                                       "POSTGRES",
+                                       "Number of reserve history loaded per second",
+                                       "item/sec",
+                                       NB_RESERVE_SAVE),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_DEBUG ("End of reserve history access"),
+
+
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GET_TIME ("24 - start"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_LOOP ("24 - withdraw insert measure",
+                                     NB_WITHDRAW_SAVE),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_LOAD_ARRAY ("24 - reserve",
+                                           "24 - withdraw insert measure",
+                                           "02 - save reserve"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_LOAD_ARRAY ("24 - denomination",
+                                           "24 - withdraw insert measure",
+                                           "01 - save denomination"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_CREATE_WITHDRAW ("24 - withdraw",
+                                                "24 - denomination",
+                                                "24 - reserve"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_INSERT_WITHDRAW ("24 - insert",
+                                                "24 - withdraw"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_END_LOOP ("",
+                                         "24 - withdraw insert measure"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GET_TIME ("24 - stop"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GAUGER ("",
+                                       "24 - start",
+                                       "24 - stop",
+                                       "POSTGRES",
+                                       "Number of withdraw insert per second",
+                                       "item/sec",
+                                       NB_WITHDRAW_SAVE),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_DEBUG ("End of withdraw insertion"),
+
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GET_TIME ("25 - start"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_LOOP ("25 - withdraw insert measure",
+                                     NB_RESERVE_SAVE),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_LOAD_ARRAY ("25 - coin",
+                                           "25 - withdraw insert measure",
+                                           "03 - save coin"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GET_WITHDRAW ("",
+                                             "25 - coin"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_END_LOOP ("",
+                                         "25 - withdraw insert measure"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GET_TIME ("25 - stop"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GAUGER ("",
+                                       "25 - start",
+                                       "25 - stop",
+                                       "POSTGRES",
+                                       "Number of withdraw loaded per second",
+                                       "item/sec",
+                                       NB_RESERVE_SAVE),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_DEBUG ("End of withdraw loading"),
+
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GET_TIME ("26 - start"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_LOOP ("26 - get coin transaction",
+                                     NB_WITHDRAW_SAVE),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_LOAD_ARRAY ("26 - coin",
+                                           "26 - get coin transaction",
+                                           "03 - save coin"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GET_COIN_TRANSACTION("",
+                                                    "26 - coin"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_END_LOOP ("",
+                                         "26 - get coin transaction"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GET_TIME ("26 - end"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GAUGER ("",
+                                       "26 - start",
+                                       "26 - end",
+                                       "POSTGRES",
+                                       "Number of coin transaction history loaded per second",
+                                       "item/sec",
+                                       NB_WITHDRAW_SAVE),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_DEBUG ("End of transaction loading"),
+
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GET_TIME ("27 - start"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_LOOP ("27 - /reserve/withdraw",
+                                     NB_WITHDRAW_SAVE),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_LOAD_ARRAY ("27 - reserve",
+                                           "27 - /reserve/withdraw",
+                                           "02 - save reserve"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_LOAD_ARRAY ("27 - dki",
+                                           "27 - /reserve/withdraw",
+                                           "01 - save denomination"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_WITHDRAW_SIGN ("",
+                                              "27 - dki",
+                                              "27 - reserve"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_END_LOOP ("",
+                                         "27 - /reserve/withdraw"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GET_TIME ("27 - end"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GAUGER ("",
+                                       "27 - start",
+                                       "27 - end",
+                                       "POSTGRES",
+                                       "Number of /reserve/withdraw per second",
+                                       "item/sec",
+                                       NB_WITHDRAW_SAVE),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_DEBUG ("End of /reserve/withdraw"),
+
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GET_TIME ("28 - start"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_LOOP ("28 - /deposit",
+                                     NB_DEPOSIT_SAVE),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_LOAD_ARRAY ("28 - coin",
+                                           "28 - /deposit",
+                                           "03 - save coin"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_DEPOSIT ("28 - deposit",
+                                        "28 - coin"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_END_LOOP ("",
+                                         "28 - /deposit"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GET_TIME ("28 - stop"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GAUGER ("",
+                                       "28 - start",
+                                       "28 - stop",
+                                       "POSTGRES",
+                                       "Number of /deposit per second",
+                                       "item/sec",
+                                       NB_DEPOSIT_SAVE),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GET_TIME ("29 - start"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_LOOP ("29 - insert refresh session",
+                                     NB_REFRESH_SAVE),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_START_TRANSACTION (""),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_CREATE_REFRESH_SESSION (""),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_COMMIT_TRANSACTION (""),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_END_LOOP ("",
+                                         "29 - insert refresh session"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GET_TIME ("29 - stop"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GAUGER ("",
+                                       "29 - start",
+                                       "29 - stop",
+                                       "POSTGRES",
+                                       "Number of refresh session inserted per second",
+                                       "item/sec",
+                                       NB_REFRESH_SAVE),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_END (""),
+  };
+
+  ret = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_run_benchmark (
+    "perf-taler-exchangedb",
+    "./test-exchange-db-postgres.conf",
+    (struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Cmd []) {PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_END("")},
+    benchmark);
+  if (GNUNET_SYSERR == ret)
+    return 1;
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/src/exchangedb/perf_taler_exchangedb_init.c b/src/exchangedb/perf_taler_exchangedb_init.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2e613b3cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/exchangedb/perf_taler_exchangedb_init.c
@@ -0,0 +1,622 @@
+/*
+   This file is part of TALER
+   Copyright (C) 2014, 2015 GNUnet e.V.
+
+   TALER is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
+   terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
+   Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option) any later version.
+
+   TALER is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
+   WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
+   A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
+   TALER; see the file COPYING.  If not, If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>
+   */
+/**
+ * @file exchangedb/perf_taler_exchangedb_init.c
+ * @brief Interpreter library for exchange database performance analysis
+ * @author Nicolas Fournier
+ */
+#include "platform.h"
+#include "perf_taler_exchangedb_init.h"
+#include <gnunet/gnunet_signatures.h>
+#include "taler_signatures.h"
+#include "taler_amount_lib.h"
+
+
+#define CURRENCY "EUR"
+#define PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RSA_SIZE 512
+
+
+/**
+ * Generate a dummy DenominationKeyInformation for testing purposes
+ * @return a dummy denomination key
+ */
+struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DenominationKeyIssueInformation *
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_denomination_init ()
+{
+  struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EddsaPrivateKey *master_prvt;
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DenominationKeyIssueInformation *dki;
+  struct TALER_DenominationPrivateKey denom_priv;
+  struct TALER_DenominationPublicKey denom_pub;
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DenominationKeyInformationP issue;
+
+  master_prvt = GNUNET_CRYPTO_eddsa_key_create();
+
+  dki = GNUNET_new (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DenominationKeyIssueInformation);
+  GNUNET_assert (NULL != dki);
+  denom_priv.rsa_private_key
+    = GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_private_key_create (PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RSA_SIZE);
+  GNUNET_assert (NULL != denom_priv.rsa_private_key);
+  denom_pub.rsa_public_key =
+    GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_private_key_get_public (denom_priv.rsa_private_key);
+  GNUNET_assert (NULL != denom_pub.rsa_public_key);
+  {/* issue */
+    struct TALER_MasterSignatureP signature;
+    struct TALER_DenominationKeyValidityPS properties;
+
+    {/* properties */
+      struct TALER_Amount amount;
+
+      properties.purpose.purpose = htonl (TALER_SIGNATURE_MASTER_SIGNING_KEY_VALIDITY);
+      properties.purpose.size = htonl (sizeof (struct TALER_DenominationKeyValidityPS));
+      GNUNET_CRYPTO_eddsa_key_get_public (master_prvt,
+                                          &properties.master.eddsa_pub);
+      properties.start = GNUNET_TIME_absolute_hton (GNUNET_TIME_absolute_get());
+      properties.expire_withdraw = GNUNET_TIME_absolute_hton (GNUNET_TIME_absolute_get_forever_());
+      properties.expire_spend = GNUNET_TIME_absolute_hton (GNUNET_TIME_absolute_get_forever_());
+      properties.expire_legal = GNUNET_TIME_absolute_hton (GNUNET_TIME_absolute_get_forever_());
+      GNUNET_assert (GNUNET_OK ==
+                     TALER_string_to_amount (CURRENCY ":1.1", &amount));
+      TALER_amount_hton (&properties.value, &amount);
+      GNUNET_assert (GNUNET_OK ==
+                     TALER_string_to_amount (CURRENCY ":0.1", &amount));
+      TALER_amount_hton (&properties.fee_withdraw, &amount);
+      TALER_amount_hton (&properties.fee_deposit, &amount);
+      TALER_amount_hton (&properties.fee_refresh, &amount);
+      GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_public_key_hash (denom_pub.rsa_public_key,
+                                         &properties.denom_hash);
+      issue.properties = properties;
+    }
+    {/* signature */
+      GNUNET_CRYPTO_eddsa_sign (master_prvt,
+                                &properties.purpose,
+                                &signature.eddsa_signature);
+      issue.signature = signature;
+    }
+  }
+  dki->denom_priv = denom_priv;
+  dki->denom_pub = denom_pub;
+  dki->issue = issue;
+  GNUNET_free (master_prvt);
+  return dki;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Copies the given denomination
+ * @param reserve the deposit copy
+ * @return a copy of @a deposit; NULL if error
+ */
+struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DenominationKeyIssueInformation *
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_denomination_copy (const struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DenominationKeyIssueInformation *dki)
+{
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DenominationKeyIssueInformation *copy;
+
+  GNUNET_assert (NULL !=
+                 (copy = GNUNET_new (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DenominationKeyIssueInformation)));
+  {/* denom_priv */
+    copy->denom_priv.rsa_private_key =
+      GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_private_key_dup ( dki->denom_priv.rsa_private_key);
+  }
+  {/* denom_pub */
+    copy->denom_pub.rsa_public_key =
+      GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_public_key_dup (dki->denom_pub.rsa_public_key);
+  }
+  {/* issue */
+    copy->issue.properties = dki->issue.properties;
+    copy->issue.signature = dki->issue.signature;
+  }
+  return copy;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Free memory of a DenominationKeyIssueInformation
+ * @param dki pointer to the struct to free
+ */
+int
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_denomination_free (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DenominationKeyIssueInformation *dki)
+{
+  if (NULL == dki)
+    return GNUNET_OK;
+  GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_private_key_free (dki->denom_priv.rsa_private_key);
+  GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_public_key_free (dki->denom_pub.rsa_public_key);
+
+  GNUNET_free (dki);
+  return GNUNET_OK;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Generate a dummy reserve for testing
+ * @return a reserve with 1000 EUR in it
+ */
+struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Reserve *
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_reserve_init ()
+{
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Reserve *reserve;
+
+  GNUNET_assert (NULL !=
+                 (reserve = GNUNET_new (struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Reserve)));
+  {/* private */
+    struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EddsaPrivateKey *private;
+    private = GNUNET_CRYPTO_eddsa_key_create ();
+    GNUNET_assert (NULL != private);
+    reserve->private = *private;
+    GNUNET_free (private);
+  }
+
+  GNUNET_CRYPTO_eddsa_key_get_public (&reserve->private,
+                                      &reserve->reserve.pub.eddsa_pub);
+  GNUNET_assert (GNUNET_OK ==
+                 TALER_string_to_amount (CURRENCY ":1000", &reserve->reserve.balance));
+  reserve->reserve.expiry = GNUNET_TIME_absolute_get_forever_ ();
+  return reserve;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Copies the given reserve
+ * @param reserve the reserve to copy
+ * @return a copy of @a reserve; NULL if error
+ */
+struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Reserve *
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_reserve_copy (const struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Reserve *reserve)
+{
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Reserve *copy;
+  GNUNET_assert (NULL !=
+                 (copy = GNUNET_new (struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Reserve)));
+  *copy = *reserve;
+  return copy;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Free memory of a reserve
+ * @param reserve pointer to the structure to be freed
+ */
+int
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_reserve_free (struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Reserve *reserve)
+{
+  if (NULL == reserve)
+    return GNUNET_OK;
+  GNUNET_free (reserve);
+  return GNUNET_OK;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Generate a dummy deposit for testing purposes
+ * @param dki the denomination key used to sign the key
+ */
+struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Deposit *
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_deposit_init (const struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Coin *coin)
+{
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Deposit *deposit;
+  struct TALER_CoinSpendSignatureP csig;
+  struct TALER_MerchantPublicKeyP merchant_pub;
+  struct GNUNET_HashCode h_contract;
+  struct GNUNET_HashCode h_wire;
+  const char wire[] = "{"
+    "\"type\":\"SEPA\","
+    "\"IBAN\":\"DE67830654080004822650\","
+    "\"NAME\":\"GNUNET E.\","
+    "\"BIC\":\"GENODEF1SRL\""
+    "}";
+  static uint64_t transaction_id = 0;
+  struct GNUNET_TIME_Absolute timestamp;
+  struct GNUNET_TIME_Absolute refund_deadline;
+  struct TALER_Amount amount_with_fee;
+  struct TALER_Amount deposit_fee;
+
+  GNUNET_assert (NULL !=
+                 (deposit = GNUNET_malloc (sizeof (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Deposit) + sizeof (wire))));
+  GNUNET_CRYPTO_hash_create_random (GNUNET_CRYPTO_QUALITY_WEAK,
+                                    &h_contract);
+  GNUNET_CRYPTO_hash_create_random (GNUNET_CRYPTO_QUALITY_WEAK,
+                                    &h_wire);
+  { //csig
+    struct u32_presign
+    {
+      struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EccSignaturePurpose purpose;
+      struct GNUNET_HashCode h_wire;
+      struct GNUNET_HashCode h_contract;
+    } unsigned_data;
+
+    unsigned_data.h_contract = h_contract;
+    unsigned_data.h_wire = h_wire;
+    unsigned_data.purpose.size = htonl (sizeof (struct u32_presign));
+    unsigned_data.purpose.purpose = htonl (GNUNET_SIGNATURE_PURPOSE_TEST);
+    GNUNET_assert (GNUNET_OK ==
+                   GNUNET_CRYPTO_eddsa_sign (&coin->priv,
+                                             &unsigned_data.purpose,
+                                             &csig.eddsa_signature));
+  }
+  { //merchant_pub
+    struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EddsaPrivateKey *eddsa_prv;
+
+    eddsa_prv = GNUNET_CRYPTO_eddsa_key_create ();
+    GNUNET_assert(NULL != eddsa_prv);
+    GNUNET_CRYPTO_eddsa_key_get_public (
+      eddsa_prv,
+      &merchant_pub.eddsa_pub);
+    GNUNET_free (eddsa_prv);
+  }
+  timestamp = GNUNET_TIME_absolute_get ();
+  refund_deadline = GNUNET_TIME_absolute_get ();
+  GNUNET_assert (GNUNET_OK ==
+                 TALER_string_to_amount (CURRENCY ":1.1",
+                                         &amount_with_fee));
+  GNUNET_assert (GNUNET_OK ==
+                 TALER_string_to_amount (CURRENCY ":0.1",
+                                         &deposit_fee));
+  {
+    deposit->coin.coin_pub = coin->public_info.coin_pub;
+    deposit->coin.denom_pub.rsa_public_key = GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_public_key_dup (
+      coin->public_info.denom_pub.rsa_public_key);
+    GNUNET_assert (NULL != coin->public_info.denom_pub.rsa_public_key);
+    deposit->coin.denom_sig.rsa_signature = GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_signature_dup (
+      coin->public_info.denom_sig.rsa_signature);
+    GNUNET_assert (NULL != coin->public_info.denom_sig.rsa_signature);
+  }
+  deposit->csig = csig;
+  deposit->h_contract = h_contract;
+  deposit->h_wire = h_wire;
+  deposit->wire = json_loads (wire, 0, NULL);
+  deposit->transaction_id = transaction_id++;
+  deposit->timestamp = timestamp;
+  deposit->refund_deadline = refund_deadline;
+  deposit->amount_with_fee = amount_with_fee;
+  deposit->deposit_fee = deposit_fee;
+  return deposit;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Copies the given deposit
+ * @param reserve the deposit copy
+ * @return a copy of @a deposit; NULL if error
+ */
+struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Deposit *
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_deposit_copy (const struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Deposit *deposit)
+{
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Deposit *copy;
+
+  copy = GNUNET_new (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Deposit);
+  *copy = *deposit;
+  json_incref (copy->wire);
+  copy->coin.denom_pub.rsa_public_key =
+    GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_public_key_dup (deposit->coin.denom_pub.rsa_public_key);
+  copy->coin.denom_sig.rsa_signature =
+    GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_signature_dup (deposit->coin.denom_sig.rsa_signature);
+  return copy;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Free memory of a deposit
+ * @param deposit pointer to the structure to free
+ */
+int
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_deposit_free (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Deposit *deposit)
+{
+  if (NULL == deposit)
+    return GNUNET_OK;
+  GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_public_key_free (deposit->coin.denom_pub.rsa_public_key);
+  GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_signature_free (deposit->coin.denom_sig.rsa_signature);
+  json_decref (deposit->wire);
+  GNUNET_free (deposit);
+  return GNUNET_OK;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Generate a CollectableBlindcoin for testing purpuses
+ * @param dki denomination key used to sign the coin
+ * @param reserve reserve providing the money for the coin
+ * @return a randomly generated CollectableBlindcoin
+ */
+struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Coin *
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_coin_init (
+  const struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DenominationKeyIssueInformation *dki,
+  const struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Reserve *reserve)
+{
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Coin *coin;
+  struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EddsaPrivateKey *priv;
+
+  coin = GNUNET_new (struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Coin);
+  GNUNET_assert (NULL != coin);
+  /* priv */
+
+  priv = GNUNET_CRYPTO_eddsa_key_create();
+  GNUNET_assert (NULL != priv);
+  coin->priv = *priv;
+  GNUNET_free (priv);
+
+  /* public_info */
+  GNUNET_CRYPTO_eddsa_key_get_public (&coin->priv,
+                                      &coin->public_info.coin_pub.eddsa_pub);
+  coin->public_info.denom_pub.rsa_public_key =
+    GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_public_key_dup (dki->denom_pub.rsa_public_key);
+  coin->public_info.denom_sig.rsa_signature =
+    GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_sign (dki->denom_priv.rsa_private_key,
+                            &coin->public_info.coin_pub,
+                            sizeof (struct TALER_CoinSpendPublicKeyP));
+  GNUNET_assert (NULL != coin->public_info.denom_pub.rsa_public_key);
+  GNUNET_assert (NULL != coin->public_info.denom_sig.rsa_signature);
+
+  /* blind */
+  coin->blind.sig.rsa_signature =
+    GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_signature_dup (coin->public_info.denom_sig.rsa_signature);
+  coin->blind.denom_pub.rsa_public_key =
+    GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_public_key_dup (dki->denom_pub.rsa_public_key);
+  GNUNET_assert (NULL != coin->blind.sig.rsa_signature);
+  GNUNET_assert (NULL != coin->blind.denom_pub.rsa_public_key);
+  TALER_amount_ntoh (&coin->blind.amount_with_fee,
+                     &dki->issue.properties.value);
+  TALER_amount_ntoh (&coin->blind.withdraw_fee,
+                     &dki->issue.properties.fee_withdraw);
+  coin->blind.reserve_pub = reserve->reserve.pub;
+  GNUNET_CRYPTO_hash_create_random (GNUNET_CRYPTO_QUALITY_WEAK,
+                                    &coin->blind.h_coin_envelope);
+
+  return coin;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Copies the given coin
+ *
+ * @param coin the coin to copy
+ * @return a copy of coin; NULL if error
+ */
+struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Coin *
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_coin_copy (const struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Coin *coin)
+{
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Coin *copy;
+
+  copy = GNUNET_new (struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Coin);
+  /* priv */
+  copy->priv = coin->priv;
+  /* public_info */
+  copy->public_info.coin_pub = coin->public_info.coin_pub;
+  copy->public_info.denom_pub.rsa_public_key =
+    GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_public_key_dup (coin->public_info.denom_pub.rsa_public_key);
+  copy->public_info.denom_sig.rsa_signature =
+    GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_signature_dup (coin->public_info.denom_sig.rsa_signature);
+
+  /* blind */
+  copy->blind.sig.rsa_signature =
+    GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_signature_dup (coin->blind.sig.rsa_signature);
+  copy->blind.denom_pub.rsa_public_key =
+    GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_public_key_dup (coin->blind.denom_pub.rsa_public_key);
+  copy->blind.amount_with_fee = coin->blind.amount_with_fee;
+  copy->blind.withdraw_fee = coin->blind.withdraw_fee;
+  copy->blind.reserve_pub = coin->blind.reserve_pub;
+  copy->blind.h_coin_envelope = coin->blind.h_coin_envelope;
+  copy->blind.reserve_sig = coin->blind.reserve_sig;
+
+  return copy;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Free memory of @a coin
+ *
+ * @param coin pointer to the structure to free
+ */
+int
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_coin_free (struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Coin *coin)
+{
+  if (NULL == coin)
+    return GNUNET_OK;
+  GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_public_key_free (coin->public_info.denom_pub.rsa_public_key);
+  GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_signature_free (coin->public_info.denom_sig.rsa_signature);
+  GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_signature_free (coin->blind.sig.rsa_signature);
+  GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_public_key_free (coin->blind.denom_pub.rsa_public_key);
+  GNUNET_free (coin);
+  return GNUNET_OK;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * @return a randomly generated refresh session
+ */
+struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshSession *
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_refresh_session_init ()
+{
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshSession *refresh_session;
+
+  GNUNET_assert (NULL !=
+                 (refresh_session = GNUNET_new (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshSession)));
+  refresh_session->noreveal_index = 1;
+  refresh_session->num_oldcoins = 1;
+  refresh_session->num_newcoins = 1;
+
+  return refresh_session;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK if the copy was successful, #GNUNET_SYSERR if it wasn't
+ */
+int
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_refresh_session_copy (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshSession *session,
+                                        struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshSession *copy)
+{
+  *copy = *session;
+  return GNUNET_OK;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Free a refresh session
+ */
+int
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_refresh_session_free (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshSession *refresh_session)
+{
+  if (NULL == refresh_session)
+    return GNUNET_OK;
+  GNUNET_free (refresh_session);
+  return GNUNET_OK;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Create a melt operation
+ *
+ * @param session the refresh session
+ * @param dki the denomination the melted coin uses
+ * @return a pointer to a #TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshMelt
+ */
+struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshMelt *
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_refresh_melt_init (struct GNUNET_HashCode *session,
+                                     struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Coin *coin)
+{
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshMelt *melt;
+  struct TALER_CoinSpendSignatureP coin_sig;
+  struct TALER_Amount amount;
+  struct TALER_Amount amount_with_fee;
+
+  {
+    struct
+    {
+      struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EccSignaturePurpose purpose;
+      struct GNUNET_HashCode session;
+    } to_sign;
+
+    to_sign.purpose.purpose = GNUNET_SIGNATURE_PURPOSE_TEST;
+    to_sign.purpose.size = htonl (sizeof (to_sign));
+    to_sign.session = *session;
+    GNUNET_CRYPTO_eddsa_sign (&coin->priv,
+                              &to_sign.purpose,
+                              &coin_sig.eddsa_signature);
+  }
+  GNUNET_assert (GNUNET_OK ==
+                 TALER_string_to_amount (CURRENCY ":1.1",
+                                         &amount));
+  GNUNET_assert (GNUNET_OK ==
+                 TALER_string_to_amount (CURRENCY ":0.1",
+                                         &amount_with_fee));
+  melt = GNUNET_new (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshMelt);
+  melt->coin.coin_pub = coin->public_info.coin_pub;
+  melt->coin.denom_sig.rsa_signature =
+    GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_signature_dup (coin->public_info.denom_sig.rsa_signature);
+  melt->coin.denom_pub.rsa_public_key =
+    GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_public_key_dup (coin->public_info.denom_pub.rsa_public_key);
+  GNUNET_assert (NULL != melt->coin.denom_pub.rsa_public_key);
+  GNUNET_assert (NULL != melt->coin.denom_sig.rsa_signature);
+  melt->coin_sig = coin_sig;
+  melt->session_hash = *session;
+  melt->amount_with_fee = amount;
+  melt->melt_fee = amount_with_fee;
+  return melt;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Copies the internals of a #TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshMelt
+ *
+ * @param melt the refresh melt to copy
+ * @return an copy of @ melt
+ */
+struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshMelt *
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_refresh_melt_copy (const struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshMelt *melt)
+{
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshMelt *copy;
+
+  copy = GNUNET_new (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshMelt);
+  *copy = *melt;
+  copy->coin.denom_sig.rsa_signature =
+    GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_signature_dup (melt->coin.denom_sig.rsa_signature);
+  GNUNET_assert (NULL != copy->coin.denom_sig.rsa_signature);
+
+  return copy;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Free the internal memory of a #TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshMelt
+ *
+ * @param melt the #TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshMelt to free
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK if the operation was successful, #GNUNET_SYSERROR
+ */
+int
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_refresh_melt_free (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshMelt *melt)
+{
+  GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_signature_free (melt->coin.denom_sig.rsa_signature);
+  GNUNET_free (melt);
+  return GNUNET_OK;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Create a #TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshCommitCoin
+ */
+struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshCommitCoin *
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_refresh_commit_coin_init ()
+{
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshCommitCoin *commit_coin;
+  struct TALER_RefreshLinkEncrypted refresh_link;
+
+  commit_coin = GNUNET_new (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshCommitCoin);
+  GNUNET_assert (NULL != commit_coin);
+  {/* refresh_link */
+    refresh_link = (struct TALER_RefreshLinkEncrypted)
+    {
+      .blinding_key_enc = "blinding_key",
+      .blinding_key_enc_size = 13
+    };
+    GNUNET_CRYPTO_random_block (GNUNET_CRYPTO_QUALITY_WEAK,
+                                &refresh_link.coin_priv_enc,
+                                sizeof(struct TALER_CoinSpendPrivateKeyP));
+  }
+  commit_coin->coin_ev = "coin_ev";
+  commit_coin->coin_ev_size = 8;
+  commit_coin->refresh_link = GNUNET_new (struct TALER_RefreshLinkEncrypted);
+  *commit_coin->refresh_link = refresh_link;
+  return commit_coin;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Copies a #TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshCommitCoin
+ *
+ * @param commit_coin the commit to copy
+ * @return a copy of @a commit_coin
+ */
+struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshCommitCoin *
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_refresh_commit_coin_copy (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshCommitCoin *commit_coin)
+{
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshCommitCoin *copy;
+
+  copy = GNUNET_new (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshCommitCoin);
+  copy->refresh_link = GNUNET_new (struct TALER_RefreshLinkEncrypted);
+  *copy->refresh_link = *commit_coin->refresh_link;
+  return copy;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Free a #TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshCommitCoin
+ *
+ * @param commit_coin the coin to free
+ */
+void
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_refresh_commit_coin_free (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshCommitCoin *commit_coin)
+{
+  GNUNET_free (commit_coin->refresh_link);
+  GNUNET_free (commit_coin);
+}
diff --git a/src/exchangedb/perf_taler_exchangedb_init.h b/src/exchangedb/perf_taler_exchangedb_init.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0ff074108
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/exchangedb/perf_taler_exchangedb_init.h
@@ -0,0 +1,257 @@
+/*
+   This file is part of TALER
+   Copyright (C) 2014, 2015 GNUnet e.V.
+
+   TALER is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
+   terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
+   Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option) any later version.
+
+   TALER is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
+   WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
+   A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
+   TALER; see the file COPYING.  If not, If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>
+   */
+/**
+ * @file exchangedb/perf_taler_exchangedb_init.h
+ * @brief Heler function for creating dummy inputs for the exchange database
+ * @author Nicolas Fournier
+ */
+#ifndef __PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_H___
+#define __PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_H___
+
+#include "taler_exchangedb_plugin.h"
+
+
+#define CURRENCY "EUR"
+
+/**
+ * All information about a reserve
+ */
+struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Reserve
+{
+  /**
+   * Information about a rserve available to the Exchange
+   */
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Reserve reserve;
+
+  /**
+   * Private key of a reserve
+   */
+  struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EddsaPrivateKey private;
+};
+
+
+/**
+ * All informations about a coin 
+ */
+struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Coin
+{
+  /**
+   *  Blinded coin, known by the exchange
+   */
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CollectableBlindcoin blind;
+
+  /**
+   *  Public key of the coin and othes informations
+   */
+  struct TALER_CoinPublicInfo public_info;
+
+  /**
+   * Private key of the coin
+   */
+  struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EddsaPrivateKey priv;
+};
+
+
+/**
+ * Generate a dummy DenominationKeyInformation for testing purposes
+ * @return a dummy denomination key
+ */
+struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DenominationKeyIssueInformation *
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_denomination_init (void);
+
+
+/**
+ * Copies the given denomination
+ * @param reserve the deposit copy
+ * @return a copy of @a deposit; NULL if error
+ */
+struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DenominationKeyIssueInformation *
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_denomination_copy (
+  const struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DenominationKeyIssueInformation *dki);
+
+
+/**
+ * Free memory of a DenominationKeyIssueInformation
+ * @param dki pointer to the struct to free
+ */
+int
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_denomination_free (
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DenominationKeyIssueInformation *dki);
+
+
+/**
+ * Generate a dummy reserve for testing
+ * @return a reserve with 1000 EUR in it
+ */
+struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Reserve *
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_reserve_init (void);
+
+
+/**
+ * Copies the given reserve
+ * @param reserve the reserve to copy
+ * @return a copy of @a reserve; NULL if error
+ */
+struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Reserve *
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_reserve_copy (const struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Reserve *reserve);
+
+
+/**
+ * Free memory of a reserve
+ * @param reserve pointer to the structure to be freed
+ */
+int
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_reserve_free (struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Reserve *reserve);
+
+
+/**
+ * Generate a dummy deposit for testing purposes
+ * @param dki the denomination key used to sign the key
+ */
+struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Deposit *
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_deposit_init (
+  const struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Coin *coin);
+
+
+/**
+ * Copies the given deposit
+ * @param reserve the deposit copy
+ * @return a copy of @a deposit; NULL if error
+ */
+struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Deposit *
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_deposit_copy (const struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Deposit *deposit);
+
+
+/**
+ * Free memory of a deposit
+ * @param deposit pointer to the structure to free
+ */
+int
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_deposit_free (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Deposit *deposit);
+
+
+/**
+ * Generate a coin for testing purpuses
+ * @param dki denomination key used to sign the coin
+ * @param reserve reserve providing the money for the coin
+ * @return a randomly generated CollectableBlindcoin
+ */
+struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Coin *
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_coin_init (
+  const struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DenominationKeyIssueInformation *dki,
+  const struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Reserve *reserve);
+
+
+/**
+ * Copies the given coin
+ * @param coin the coin to copy
+ * @return a copy of coin; NULL if error
+ */
+struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Coin *
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_coin_copy (
+  const struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Coin *coin);
+
+
+/**
+ * Liberate memory of @a coin
+ * @param coin pointer to the structure to free
+ */
+int
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_coin_free (
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Coin *coin);
+
+
+/**
+ * @return a randomly generated refresh session
+ */
+struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshSession *
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_refresh_session_init (void);
+
+
+/**
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK if the copy was successful, #GNUNET_SYSERR if it wasn't
+ */
+int
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_refresh_session_copy (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshSession *session, 
+                                        struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshSession *copy);
+
+
+/**
+ * Frees memory of a refresh_session
+ */
+int
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_refresh_session_free (
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshSession *refresh_session);
+
+
+/**
+ * Create a melt operation
+ *
+ * @param session the refresh session 
+ * @param dki the denomination the melted coin uses
+ * @return a pointer to a #TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshMelt 
+ */
+struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshMelt *
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_refresh_melt_init (struct GNUNET_HashCode *session,
+                                     struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Coin *coin);
+
+
+/**
+ * Copies the internals of a #TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshMelt
+ * 
+ * @param melt the refresh melt to copy
+ * @return an copy of @ melt
+ */
+struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshMelt *
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_refresh_melt_copy (const struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshMelt *melt);
+
+
+/**
+ * Free the internal memory of a #TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshMelt
+ *
+ * @param melt the #TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshMelt to free
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK if the operation was successful, #GNUNET_SYSERROR
+ */
+int
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_refresh_melt_free (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshMelt *melt);
+
+
+/**
+ * Create a #TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshCommitCoin
+ */
+struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshCommitCoin *
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_refresh_commit_coin_init (void);
+
+
+/**
+ * Copies a #TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshCommitCoin
+ *
+ * @param commit_coin the commit to copy
+ * @return a copy of @a commit_coin
+ */
+struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshCommitCoin *
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_refresh_commit_coin_copy (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshCommitCoin *commit_coin);
+
+
+/**
+ * Free a #TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshCommitCoin
+ *
+ * @param commit_coin the coin to free
+ */
+void
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_refresh_commit_coin_free (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshCommitCoin *commit_coin);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/src/exchangedb/perf_taler_exchangedb_interpreter.c b/src/exchangedb/perf_taler_exchangedb_interpreter.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..75b32cb60
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/exchangedb/perf_taler_exchangedb_interpreter.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1998 @@
+/*
+   This file is part of TALER
+   Copyright (C) 2014, 2015 GNUnet e.V.
+
+   TALER is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
+   terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
+   Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option) any later version.
+
+   TALER is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
+   WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
+   A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
+   TALER; see the file COPYING.  If not, If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>
+   */
+/**
+ * @file exchangedb/perf_taler_exchangedb_interpreter.c
+ * @brief Interpreter library for exchange database performance analysis
+ * @author Nicolas Fournier
+ */
+#include "platform.h"
+#include "perf_taler_exchangedb_interpreter.h"
+#include "perf_taler_exchangedb_init.h"
+#include "gauger.h"
+
+
+/**
+ * Represents the state of the interpreter
+ */
+struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_interpreter_state
+{
+  /**
+   * State of the commands
+   */
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Cmd *cmd;
+
+  /**
+   * Database plugin
+   */
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Plugin *plugin;
+
+  /**
+   * Current database session
+   */
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session;
+
+  /**
+   * The current index of the interpreter
+   */
+  unsigned int i;
+};
+
+
+/**
+ * Free the memory of @a data
+ */
+static void
+data_free (struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Data *data)
+{
+  switch (data->type)
+  {
+    case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_TIME:
+      if (NULL == data->data.time)
+        break;
+      GNUNET_free (data->data.time);
+      data->data.time = NULL;
+      break;
+
+    case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DEPOSIT:
+      if (NULL == data->data.deposit)
+        break;
+      PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_deposit_free (data->data.deposit);
+      data->data.deposit = NULL;
+      break;
+
+    case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_COIN:
+      if (NULL == data->data.coin)
+        break;
+      PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_coin_free (data->data.coin);
+      data->data.coin = NULL;
+      break;
+
+    case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RESERVE:
+      if (NULL == data->data.reserve)
+        break;
+      PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_reserve_free (data->data.reserve);
+      data->data.reserve = NULL;
+      break;
+
+    case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DENOMINATION_INFO:
+      if (NULL == data->data.dki)
+        break;
+      PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_denomination_free (data->data.dki);
+      data->data.dki = NULL;
+      break;
+
+    case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_REFRESH_HASH:
+      if (NULL == data->data.session_hash)
+        break;
+      GNUNET_free (data->data.session_hash);
+      data->data.session_hash = NULL;
+      break;
+
+    case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_REFRESH_MELT:
+      if (NULL == data->data.refresh_melt)
+        break;
+      PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_refresh_melt_free (data->data.refresh_melt);
+      data->data.refresh_melt = NULL;
+      break;
+
+    case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_NONE:
+      break;
+  }
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Copies @a data into @a copy
+ *
+ * @param data the data to be copied
+ * @param[out] copy the copy made
+ */
+static void
+data_copy (const struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Data *data,
+           struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Data *copy)
+{
+  copy->type = data->type;
+  switch (data->type)
+  {
+    case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_TIME:
+      copy->data.time = GNUNET_new (struct GNUNET_TIME_Absolute);
+      *copy->data.time = *data->data.time;
+      return;
+
+    case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DEPOSIT:
+      copy->data.deposit
+        = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_deposit_copy (data->data.deposit);
+      return;
+
+    case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_COIN:
+      copy->data.coin
+        = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_coin_copy (data->data.coin);
+      return;
+
+    case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RESERVE:
+      copy->data.reserve
+        = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_reserve_copy (data->data.reserve);
+      return;
+
+    case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DENOMINATION_INFO:
+      copy->data.dki
+        = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_denomination_copy (data->data.dki);
+      return;
+
+    case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_REFRESH_HASH:
+      copy-> data.session_hash = GNUNET_new (struct GNUNET_HashCode);
+      *copy->data.session_hash
+        = *data->data.session_hash;
+      break;
+
+    case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_REFRESH_MELT:
+      copy->data.refresh_melt
+        = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_refresh_melt_copy (data->data.refresh_melt);
+      break;
+
+    case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_NONE:
+      break;
+  }
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Finds the first command in cmd with the name search
+ *
+ * @return the index of the first command with name search
+ * #GNUNET_SYSERR if none found
+ */
+static int
+cmd_find (const struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Cmd *cmd,
+          const char *search)
+{
+  unsigned int i;
+
+  for (i=0; PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_END != cmd[i].command; i++)
+    if (0 == strcmp (cmd[i].label, search))
+      return i;
+  return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Initialization of a command array
+ * and check for the type of the label
+ *
+ * @param cmd the comand array initialized
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK if the initialization was sucessful
+ * #GNUNET_SYSERR if there was a probleb. See the log for details
+ */
+static int
+cmd_init (struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Cmd cmd[])
+{
+  unsigned int i;
+
+  for (i=0; PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_END != cmd[i].command; i++)
+  {
+    switch (cmd[i].command)
+    {
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_END_LOOP:
+        {
+          int ret;
+
+          ret = cmd_find (cmd,
+                          cmd[i].details.end_loop.label_loop);
+          if (GNUNET_SYSERR == ret)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Undefined reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.end_loop.label_loop);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          if (PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_LOOP != cmd[ret].command)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Wrong type reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.end_loop.label_loop);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          cmd[i].details.end_loop.index_loop = ret;
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_SAVE_ARRAY:
+        {
+          int ret;
+
+          ret = cmd_find (cmd,
+                          cmd[i].details.save_array.label_save);
+          if (GNUNET_SYSERR == ret)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Undefined reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.save_array.label_save);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          if (PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_NONE == cmd[ret].exposed.type)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Wrong type reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.save_array.label_save);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          cmd[i].details.save_array.index_save = ret;
+
+          ret = cmd_find (cmd,
+                          cmd[i].details.save_array.label_loop);
+          if (GNUNET_SYSERR == ret)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Undefined reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.save_array.label_loop);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          if (PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_LOOP != cmd[ret].command)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Wrong type reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.save_array.label_loop);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          cmd[i].details.save_array.index_loop = ret;
+
+          GNUNET_assert (NULL == cmd[i].details.save_array.data_saved);
+          cmd[i].details.save_array.data_saved =
+            GNUNET_new_array (cmd[i].details.save_array.nb_saved,
+                              struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Data);
+          cmd[i].details.save_array.type_saved =
+            cmd[cmd[i].details.save_array.index_save].exposed.type;
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_LOAD_ARRAY:
+        {
+          int ret;
+
+          ret = cmd_find (cmd,
+                          cmd[i].details.load_array.label_save);
+          if (GNUNET_SYSERR == ret)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Undefined reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.load_array.label_save);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          if (PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_SAVE_ARRAY != cmd[ret].command)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Wrong type reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.load_array.label_save);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          cmd[i].details.load_array.index_save = ret;
+
+          ret = cmd_find (cmd,
+                          cmd[i].details.load_array.label_loop);
+          if (GNUNET_SYSERR == ret)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Undefined reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.load_array.label_loop);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          if (PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_LOOP != cmd[ret].command)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Wrong type reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.load_array.label_loop);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          cmd[i].details.load_array.index_loop = ret;
+
+          cmd[i].details.load_array.permutation =
+            GNUNET_CRYPTO_random_permute (
+              GNUNET_CRYPTO_QUALITY_WEAK,
+              cmd[cmd[i].details.load_array.index_save].details.save_array.nb_saved);
+          GNUNET_assert (NULL != cmd[i].details.load_array.permutation);
+
+          cmd[i].exposed.type = cmd[cmd[i].details.load_array.index_save].details.save_array.type_saved;
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_LOAD_RANDOM:
+        {
+          int ret;
+
+          ret = cmd_find (cmd,
+                          cmd[i].details.load_random.label_save);
+          if (GNUNET_SYSERR == ret)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Undefined reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.load_random.label_save);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          if (PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_SAVE_ARRAY != cmd[ret].command)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Wrong type reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.load_random.label_save);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          cmd[i].details.load_random.index_save = ret;
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GAUGER:
+        {
+          int ret;
+
+          ret = cmd_find (cmd,
+                          cmd[i].details.gauger.label_start);
+          if (GNUNET_SYSERR == ret)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Undefined reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.gauger.label_start);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          if (PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_TIME != cmd[ret].exposed.type)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Wrong type reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.gauger.label_start);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          cmd[i].details.gauger.index_start = ret;
+
+          ret = cmd_find (cmd,
+                          cmd[i].details.gauger.label_stop);
+          if (GNUNET_SYSERR == ret)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Undefined reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.gauger.label_stop);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          if (PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_TIME != cmd[ret].exposed.type)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Wrong type reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.gauger.label_stop);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          cmd[i].details.gauger.index_stop = ret;
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_INSERT_DENOMINATION:
+        {
+          int ret;
+
+          ret = cmd_find (cmd,
+                          cmd[i].details.insert_denomination.label_denom);
+          if (GNUNET_SYSERR == ret)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Undefined reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.insert_denomination.label_denom);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          if (PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DENOMINATION_INFO != cmd[ret].exposed.type)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Wrong type reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.insert_denomination.label_denom);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          cmd[i].details.insert_denomination.index_denom = ret;
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_DENOMINATION:
+        {
+          int ret;
+
+          ret = cmd_find (cmd,
+                          cmd[i].details.get_denomination.label_denom);
+          if (GNUNET_SYSERR == ret)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Undefined reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.get_denomination.label_denom);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          if (PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DENOMINATION_INFO != cmd[ret].exposed.type)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Wrong type reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.get_denomination.label_denom);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          cmd[i].details.get_denomination.index_denom = ret;
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_INSERT_RESERVE:
+        {
+          int ret;
+
+          ret = cmd_find (cmd,
+                          cmd[i].details.insert_reserve.label_reserve);
+          if (GNUNET_SYSERR == ret)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Undefined reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.insert_reserve.label_reserve);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          if (PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RESERVE != cmd[ret].exposed.type)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Wrong type reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.insert_reserve.label_reserve);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          cmd[i].details.insert_reserve.index_reserve = ret;
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_RESERVE:
+        {
+          int ret;
+
+          ret = cmd_find (cmd,
+                          cmd[i].details.get_reserve.label_reserve);
+          if (GNUNET_SYSERR == ret)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Undefined reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.get_reserve.label_reserve);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          if (PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RESERVE != cmd[ret].exposed.type)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Wrong type reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.get_reserve.label_reserve);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          cmd[i].details.get_reserve.index_reserve = ret;
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_RESERVE_HISTORY:
+        {
+          int ret;
+
+          ret = cmd_find (cmd,
+                          cmd[i].details.get_reserve_history.label_reserve);
+          if (GNUNET_SYSERR == ret)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Undefined reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.get_reserve_history.label_reserve);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          if (PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RESERVE != cmd[ret].exposed.type)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Wrong type reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.get_reserve_history.label_reserve);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          cmd[i].details.get_reserve_history.index_reserve = ret;
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_CREATE_WITHDRAW:
+        {
+          int ret;
+
+          ret = cmd_find (cmd,
+                          cmd[i].details.create_withdraw.label_dki);
+          {
+            if (GNUNET_SYSERR == ret)
+            {
+              GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                          "%d:Undefined reference to %s\n",
+                          i,
+                          cmd[i].details.create_withdraw.label_dki);
+              return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+            }
+            if (PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DENOMINATION_INFO != cmd[ret].exposed.type)
+            {
+              GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                          "%d:Wrong type reference to %s\n",
+                          i,
+                          cmd[i].details.create_withdraw.label_dki);
+              return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+            }
+          }
+          cmd[i].details.create_withdraw.index_dki = ret;
+          ret = cmd_find (cmd,
+                          cmd[i].details.create_withdraw.label_reserve);
+          {
+            if (GNUNET_SYSERR == ret)
+            {
+              GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                          "%d:Undefined reference to %s\n",
+                          i,
+                          cmd[i].details.create_withdraw.label_reserve);
+              return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+            }
+            if (PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RESERVE != cmd[ret].exposed.type)
+            {
+              GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                          "%d:Wrong type reference to %s\n",
+                          i,
+                          cmd[i].details.create_withdraw.label_reserve);
+              return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+            }
+          }
+          cmd[i].details.create_withdraw.index_reserve = ret;
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_INSERT_WITHDRAW:
+        {
+          int ret;
+
+          ret = cmd_find (cmd,
+                          cmd[i].details.insert_withdraw.label_coin);
+          if (GNUNET_SYSERR == ret)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Undefined reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.insert_withdraw.label_coin);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          if (PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_COIN != cmd[ret].exposed.type)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Wrong type reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.insert_withdraw.label_coin);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          cmd[i].details.insert_withdraw.index_coin = ret;
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_WITHDRAW:
+        {
+          int ret;
+
+          ret = cmd_find (cmd,
+                          cmd[i].details.get_withdraw.label_coin);
+          if (GNUNET_SYSERR == ret)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Undefined reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.get_withdraw.label_coin);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          if (PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_COIN != cmd[ret].exposed.type)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Wrong type reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.get_withdraw.label_coin);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          cmd[i].details.get_withdraw.index_coin = ret;
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_COIN_TRANSACTION:
+        {
+          int ret;
+          ret = cmd_find (cmd,
+                          cmd[i].details.get_coin_transaction.label_coin);
+          if (GNUNET_SYSERR == ret)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Undefined reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.get_coin_transaction.label_coin);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          if (PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_COIN != cmd[ret].exposed.type)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Wrong type reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.get_coin_transaction.label_coin);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          cmd[i].details.get_coin_transaction.index_coin = ret;
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_CREATE_DEPOSIT:
+        {
+          int ret;
+
+          ret = cmd_find (cmd,
+                          cmd[i].details.create_deposit.label_coin);
+          if (GNUNET_SYSERR == ret)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Undefined reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.create_deposit.label_coin);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          if (PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_COIN != cmd[ret].exposed.type)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Wrong type reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.create_deposit.label_coin);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          cmd[i].details.create_deposit.index_coin = ret;
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_INSERT_DEPOSIT:
+        {
+          int ret;
+
+          ret = cmd_find( cmd,
+                          cmd[i].details.insert_deposit.label_deposit);
+          if (GNUNET_SYSERR == ret)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Undefined reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.insert_deposit.label_deposit);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          if (PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DEPOSIT != cmd[ret].exposed.type)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Wrong type reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.insert_deposit.label_deposit);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          cmd[i].details.insert_deposit.index_deposit = ret;
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_DEPOSIT:
+        {
+          int ret;
+
+          ret = cmd_find (cmd,
+                          cmd[i].details.get_deposit.label_deposit);
+          if (GNUNET_SYSERR == ret)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Undefined reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.get_deposit.label_deposit);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          if (PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DEPOSIT != cmd[ret].exposed.type)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Wrong type reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.get_deposit.label_deposit);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          cmd[i].details.get_deposit.index_deposit = ret;
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_REFRESH_SESSION:
+        {
+          int ret;
+
+          ret = cmd_find (cmd,
+                          cmd[i].details.get_refresh_session.label_hash);
+          if (GNUNET_SYSERR == ret)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Undefined reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.get_refresh_session.label_hash);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          if (PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_REFRESH_HASH != cmd[ret].exposed.type)
+          {   
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Wrong type reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.get_refresh_session.label_hash);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          cmd[i].details.get_refresh_session.index_hash = ret;
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_INSERT_REFRESH_MELT:
+        {
+          int ret;
+
+          ret = cmd_find (cmd,
+                          cmd[i].details.insert_refresh_melt.label_hash);
+          if (GNUNET_SYSERR == ret)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Undefined reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.insert_refresh_melt.label_hash);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          if (PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_REFRESH_HASH != cmd[ret].exposed.type)
+          {   
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Wrong type reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.insert_refresh_melt.label_hash);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          cmd[i].details.insert_refresh_melt.index_hash = ret;
+          ret = cmd_find (cmd,
+                          cmd[i].details.insert_refresh_melt.label_coin);
+          if (GNUNET_SYSERR == ret)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Undefined reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.insert_refresh_melt.label_coin);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          if (PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_COIN != cmd[ret].exposed.type)
+          {   
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Wrong type reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.insert_refresh_melt.label_coin);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          cmd[i].details.insert_refresh_melt.index_coin = ret;        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_REFRESH_MELT:
+        {
+          int ret;
+          ret = cmd_find (cmd,
+                          cmd[i].details.get_refresh_melt.label_hash);
+          if (GNUNET_SYSERR == ret)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Undefined reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.get_refresh_melt.label_hash);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          if (PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_REFRESH_HASH != cmd[ret].exposed.type)
+          {   
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Wrong type reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.get_refresh_melt.label_hash);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          cmd[i].details.get_refresh_melt.index_hash = ret;
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_INSERT_REFRESH_ORDER:
+        {
+          int ret;
+          ret = cmd_find (cmd,
+                          cmd[i].details.insert_refresh_order.label_hash);
+          if (GNUNET_SYSERR == ret)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Undefined reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.insert_refresh_order.label_hash);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          if (PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_REFRESH_HASH != cmd[ret].exposed.type)
+          {   
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Wrong type reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.insert_refresh_order.label_hash);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          cmd[i].details.insert_refresh_order.index_hash = ret;
+
+          ret = cmd_find (cmd,
+                          cmd[i].details.insert_refresh_order.label_denom);
+          if (GNUNET_SYSERR == ret)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Undefined reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.insert_refresh_order.label_denom);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          if (PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DENOMINATION_INFO != cmd[ret].exposed.type)
+          {   
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Wrong type reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.insert_refresh_order.label_denom);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          cmd[i].details.insert_refresh_order.index_denom = ret;
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_REFRESH_ORDER:
+        {
+          int ret;
+          ret = cmd_find (cmd,
+                          cmd[i].details.get_refresh_order.label_hash);
+          if (GNUNET_SYSERR == ret)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Undefined reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.get_refresh_order.label_hash);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          if (PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_REFRESH_HASH != cmd[ret].exposed.type)
+          {   
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Wrong type reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.get_refresh_order.label_hash);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          cmd[i].details.get_refresh_order.index_hash = ret; 
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_INSERT_REFRESH_COMMIT_COIN:
+       {
+          int ret;
+          ret = cmd_find (cmd,
+                          cmd[i].details.insert_refresh_commit_coin.label_hash);
+          if (GNUNET_SYSERR == ret)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Undefined reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.insert_refresh_commit_coin.label_hash);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          if (PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_REFRESH_HASH != cmd[ret].exposed.type)
+          {   
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Wrong type reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.insert_refresh_commit_coin.label_hash);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          cmd[i].details.insert_refresh_commit_coin.index_hash = ret; 
+        } 
+       break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_REFRESH_COMMIT_COIN:
+       {
+          int ret;
+          ret = cmd_find (cmd,
+                          cmd[i].details.get_refresh_commit_coin.label_hash);
+          if (GNUNET_SYSERR == ret)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Undefined reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.get_refresh_commit_coin.label_hash);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          if (PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_REFRESH_HASH != cmd[ret].exposed.type)
+          {   
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Wrong type reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.get_refresh_commit_coin.label_hash);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          cmd[i].details.get_refresh_commit_coin.index_hash = ret; 
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_INSERT_REFRESH_COMMIT_LINK:
+       {
+          int ret;
+          ret = cmd_find (cmd,
+                          cmd[i].details.insert_refresh_commit_link.label_hash);
+          if (GNUNET_SYSERR == ret)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Undefined reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.insert_refresh_commit_link.label_hash);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          if (PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_REFRESH_HASH != cmd[ret].exposed.type)
+          {   
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Wrong type reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.insert_refresh_commit_link.label_hash);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          cmd[i].details.insert_refresh_commit_link.index_hash = ret; 
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_REFRESH_COMMIT_LINK:
+       {
+          int ret;
+          ret = cmd_find (cmd,
+                          cmd[i].details.get_refresh_commit_link.label_hash);
+          if (GNUNET_SYSERR == ret)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Undefined reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.get_refresh_commit_link.label_hash);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          if (PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_REFRESH_HASH != cmd[ret].exposed.type)
+          {   
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Wrong type reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.get_refresh_commit_link.label_hash);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          cmd[i].details.get_refresh_commit_link.index_hash = ret; 
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_MELT_COMMITMENT:
+       {
+          int ret;
+          ret = cmd_find (cmd,
+                          cmd[i].details.get_melt_commitment.label_hash);
+          if (GNUNET_SYSERR == ret)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Undefined reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.get_melt_commitment.label_hash);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          if (PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_REFRESH_HASH != cmd[ret].exposed.type)
+          {   
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Wrong type reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.get_melt_commitment.label_hash);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          cmd[i].details.get_melt_commitment.index_hash = ret; 
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_INSERT_REFRESH_OUT:
+       {
+          int ret;
+          ret = cmd_find (cmd,
+                          cmd[i].details.insert_refresh_out.label_hash);
+          if (GNUNET_SYSERR == ret)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Undefined reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.insert_refresh_out.label_hash);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          if (PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_REFRESH_HASH != cmd[ret].exposed.type)
+          {   
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Wrong type reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.insert_refresh_out.label_hash);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          cmd[i].details.insert_refresh_out.index_hash = ret; 
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_LINK_DATA_LIST:
+       {
+          int ret;
+          ret = cmd_find (cmd,
+                          cmd[i].details.get_link_data_list.label_hash);
+          if (GNUNET_SYSERR == ret)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Undefined reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.get_link_data_list.label_hash);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          if (PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_REFRESH_HASH != cmd[ret].exposed.type)
+          {   
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Wrong type reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.get_link_data_list.label_hash);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          cmd[i].details.get_link_data_list.index_hash = ret; 
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_TRANSFER:
+       {
+          int ret;
+          ret = cmd_find (cmd,
+                          cmd[i].details.get_transfer.label_hash);
+          if (GNUNET_SYSERR == ret)
+          {
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Undefined reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.get_transfer.label_hash);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          if (PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_REFRESH_HASH != cmd[ret].exposed.type)
+          {   
+            GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                        "%d:Wrong type reference to %s\n",
+                        i,
+                        cmd[i].details.get_transfer.label_hash);
+            return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+          }
+          cmd[i].details.get_transfer.index_hash = ret; 
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_END:
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_DEBUG:
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_LOOP:
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_NEW_SESSION:
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_START_TRANSACTION:
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_COMMIT_TRANSACTION:
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_ABORT_TRANSACTION:
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_TIME:
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_CREATE_DENOMINATION:
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_CREATE_RESERVE:
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_CREATE_REFRESH_SESSION:
+        break;
+    }
+  }
+  return GNUNET_OK;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Free the memory of the command chain
+ */
+static int
+cmd_clean (struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Cmd cmd[])
+{
+  unsigned int i;
+
+  for (i=0; PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_END != cmd[i].command; i++)
+  {
+    switch (cmd[i].command)
+    {
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_SAVE_ARRAY:
+        {
+          unsigned int j;
+
+          for (j = 0; j < cmd[i].details.save_array.nb_saved; j++)
+          {
+            data_free (&cmd[i].details.save_array.data_saved[j]);
+          }
+          GNUNET_free (cmd[i].details.save_array.data_saved);
+          cmd[i].details.save_array.data_saved = NULL;
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_LOAD_ARRAY:
+        GNUNET_free (cmd[i].details.load_array.permutation);
+        cmd[i].details.load_array.permutation = NULL;
+        break;
+
+      default:
+        break;
+    }
+    data_free (&cmd[i].exposed);
+  }
+  return GNUNET_OK;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Handles the command #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_END_LOOP for the interpreter
+ * Cleans the memory at the end of the loop
+ */
+static void
+interpret_end_loop (struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_interpreter_state *state)
+{
+  unsigned int i;
+  int jump;
+
+  jump = state->cmd[state->i].details.end_loop.index_loop;
+  // Cleaning up the memory in the loop
+  for (i = jump; i < state->i; i++)
+    data_free (&state->cmd[i].exposed);
+
+  state->cmd[jump].details.loop.curr_iteration++;
+  /* If the loop is not finished */
+  if (state->cmd[jump].details.loop.max_iterations >
+      state->cmd[jump].details.loop.curr_iteration)
+  {
+    /* jump back to the start */
+    state->i = jump;
+  }
+  else
+  {
+    /* Reset the loop counter and continue running */
+    state->cmd[jump].details.loop.curr_iteration = 0;
+  }
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Part of the interpreter specific to
+ * #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_SAVE_ARRAY
+ * Saves the data exposed by another command into
+ * an array in the command specific struct.
+ */
+static void
+interpret_save_array (struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_interpreter_state *state)
+{
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Cmd *cmd = &state->cmd[state->i];
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Cmd *save_ref;
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Cmd *loop_ref;
+  int loop_index;
+  int save_index;
+  unsigned int selection_chance;
+
+  loop_index = cmd->details.save_array.index_loop;
+  save_index = cmd->details.save_array.index_save;
+  loop_ref = &state->cmd[loop_index];
+  save_ref = &state->cmd[save_index];
+  /* Array initialization on first loop iteration
+     Alows for nested loops */
+  if (0 == cmd->details.loop.curr_iteration)
+  {
+    cmd->details.save_array.index = 0;
+  }
+  /* The probability distribution of the saved items will be a little biased
+     against the few last items but it should not be a big problem. */
+  selection_chance = loop_ref->details.loop.max_iterations /
+    cmd->details.save_array.nb_saved;
+  /*
+   * If the remaining space is equal to the remaining number of
+   * iterations, the item is automaticly saved.
+   *
+   * Else it is saved only if the random numbre generated is 0
+   */
+  if ( (0 < (cmd->details.save_array.nb_saved -
+             cmd->details.save_array.index) ) &&
+       ( ((loop_ref->details.loop.max_iterations -
+           loop_ref->details.loop.curr_iteration) ==
+          (cmd->details.save_array.nb_saved -
+           cmd->details.save_array.index)) ||
+         (0 == GNUNET_CRYPTO_random_u32 (GNUNET_CRYPTO_QUALITY_WEAK,
+                                         selection_chance)) ) )
+  {
+    struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Data *save_location;
+    struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Data *item_saved;
+
+    save_location = &cmd->details.save_array.data_saved[cmd->details.save_array.index];
+    item_saved = &save_ref->exposed;
+    data_copy (item_saved, save_location);
+    cmd->details.save_array.index++;
+  }
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Part of the interpreter specific to
+ * #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_LOAD_ARRAY
+ * Gets data from a #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_SAVE_ARRAY and exposes a copy
+ */
+static void
+interpret_load_array (struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_interpreter_state *state)
+{
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Cmd *cmd = &state->cmd[state->i];
+  unsigned int loop_iter;
+  int loop_index;
+  int save_index;
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Data *loaded_data;
+
+  loop_index = cmd->details.load_array.index_loop;
+  save_index = cmd->details.load_array.index_save;
+  loop_iter = state->cmd[loop_index].details.loop.curr_iteration;
+  {
+    unsigned int i;
+    unsigned int quotient;
+
+    /* In case the iteration number is higher than the amount saved,
+     * the number is run several times in the permutation array */
+    quotient = loop_iter / state->cmd[save_index].details.save_array.nb_saved;
+    loop_iter = loop_iter % state->cmd[save_index].details.save_array.nb_saved;
+    for (i=0; i<=quotient; i++)
+      loop_iter = cmd->details.load_array.permutation[loop_iter];
+  }
+  /* Extracting the data from the loop_indexth indice in save_index
+   * array.
+   */
+  loaded_data = &state->cmd[save_index].details.save_array.data_saved[loop_iter];
+  data_copy (loaded_data,
+             &cmd->exposed);
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Part of the interpreter specific to
+ * #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_LOAD_RANDOM
+ * Get a random element from a #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_SAVE_ARRAY and exposes it
+ */
+static void
+interprete_load_random (struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_interpreter_state *state)
+{
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Cmd *cmd = &state->cmd[state->i];
+  unsigned int index;
+  int save_index;
+
+  save_index = cmd->details.load_random.index_save;
+  index = GNUNET_CRYPTO_random_u32 (GNUNET_CRYPTO_QUALITY_WEAK,
+                                    state->cmd[save_index].details.save_array.nb_saved);
+  data_copy (&state->cmd[save_index].details.save_array.data_saved[index],
+             &cmd->exposed);
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Iterate over the commands, acting accordingly at each step
+ *
+ * @param state the current state of the interpreter
+ */
+static int
+interpret (struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_interpreter_state *state)
+{
+  for (state->i=0; PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_END != state->cmd[state->i].command; state->i++)
+  {
+    switch (state->cmd[state->i].command)
+    {
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_END:
+        return GNUNET_YES;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_DEBUG:
+        GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_INFO,
+                    "%s\n",
+                    state->cmd[state->i].label);
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_LOOP:
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_END_LOOP:
+        interpret_end_loop (state);
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_TIME:
+        state->cmd[state->i].exposed.data.time =
+          GNUNET_new (struct GNUNET_TIME_Absolute);
+        *state->cmd[state->i].exposed.data.time =
+          GNUNET_TIME_absolute_get ();
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GAUGER:
+        {
+          unsigned int start_index;
+          unsigned int stop_index;
+          float ips;
+          struct GNUNET_TIME_Absolute start;
+          struct GNUNET_TIME_Absolute stop;
+          struct GNUNET_TIME_Relative elapsed;
+
+          start_index = state->cmd[state->i].details.gauger.index_start;
+          stop_index = state->cmd[state->i].details.gauger.index_stop;
+          start = *state->cmd[start_index].exposed.data.time;
+          stop = *state->cmd[stop_index].exposed.data.time;
+          elapsed = GNUNET_TIME_absolute_get_difference (start,
+                                                         stop);
+          ips = (1.0 * state->cmd[state->i].details.gauger.divide) / (elapsed.rel_value_us/1000000.0);
+          GAUGER (state->cmd[state->i].details.gauger.category,
+                  state->cmd[state->i].details.gauger.description,
+                  ips,
+                  state->cmd[state->i].details.gauger.unit);
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_NEW_SESSION:
+        state->session = state->plugin->get_session (state->plugin->cls, GNUNET_YES);
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_START_TRANSACTION:
+        state->plugin->start (state->plugin->cls, state->session);
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_COMMIT_TRANSACTION:
+        state->plugin->commit (state->plugin->cls, state->session);
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_ABORT_TRANSACTION:
+        state->plugin->rollback (state->plugin->cls,
+                                 state->session);
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_SAVE_ARRAY:
+        interpret_save_array (state);
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_LOAD_ARRAY:
+        interpret_load_array (state);
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_LOAD_RANDOM:
+        interprete_load_random (state);
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_CREATE_DEPOSIT:
+        {
+          int coin_index;
+          struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Deposit *deposit;
+
+          coin_index = state->cmd[state->i].details.create_deposit.index_coin;
+          deposit = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_deposit_init (state->cmd[coin_index].exposed.data.coin);
+          GNUNET_assert (NULL != deposit);
+          state->cmd[state->i].exposed.data.deposit = deposit;
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_INSERT_DEPOSIT:
+        {
+          int deposit_index;
+          int ret;
+          struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Deposit *deposit;
+
+          deposit_index = state->cmd[state->i].details.insert_deposit.index_deposit;
+          deposit = state->cmd[deposit_index].exposed.data.deposit;
+          ret = state->plugin->insert_deposit (state->plugin->cls,
+                                                        state->session,
+                                                        deposit);
+          GNUNET_assert (GNUNET_SYSERR != ret);
+          state->cmd[state->i].exposed.data.deposit = deposit;
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_DEPOSIT:
+        {
+          unsigned int source_index;
+          int ret;
+          struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Data *data;
+
+          source_index = state->cmd[state->i].details.get_deposit.index_deposit;
+          data = &state->cmd[source_index].exposed;
+          ret = state->plugin->have_deposit (state->plugin->cls,
+                                             state->session,
+                                             data->data.deposit);
+          GNUNET_assert (GNUNET_SYSERR != ret);
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_CREATE_RESERVE:
+        {
+          struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Reserve *reserve;
+
+          reserve = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_reserve_init ();
+          state->cmd[state->i].exposed.data.reserve = reserve;
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_INSERT_RESERVE:
+        {
+          unsigned int reserve_index;
+          int ret;
+          struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Reserve *reserve;
+          json_t *details = NULL;
+
+          reserve_index = state->cmd[state->i].details.insert_reserve.index_reserve;
+          reserve = state->cmd[reserve_index].exposed.data.reserve;
+          details = json_pack ("{s:i}","justification",
+                               GNUNET_CRYPTO_random_u32 (
+                                 GNUNET_CRYPTO_QUALITY_WEAK,
+                                 UINT32_MAX));
+          GNUNET_assert (NULL != details);
+          ret = state->plugin->reserves_in_insert (state->plugin->cls,
+                                                   state->session,
+                                                   &reserve->reserve.pub,
+                                                   &reserve->reserve.balance,
+                                                   GNUNET_TIME_absolute_get (),
+                                                   details);
+          GNUNET_assert (GNUNET_SYSERR != ret);
+          json_decref (details);
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_RESERVE:
+        {
+          unsigned int reserve_index;
+          int ret;
+          struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Data *data;
+
+
+          reserve_index = state->cmd[state->i].details.get_reserve.index_reserve;
+          data = &state->cmd[reserve_index].exposed;
+          ret = state->plugin->reserve_get (state->plugin->cls,
+                                            state->session,
+                                            &data->data.reserve->reserve);
+          GNUNET_assert (GNUNET_OK == ret);
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_RESERVE_HISTORY:
+        {
+          unsigned int reserve_index;
+          struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_ReserveHistory *history;
+          struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Data *data;
+
+          reserve_index = state->cmd[state->i].details.get_reserve_history.index_reserve;
+          data = &state->cmd[reserve_index].exposed;
+          history = state->plugin->get_reserve_history (state->plugin->cls,
+                                                        state->session,
+                                                        &data->data.reserve->reserve.pub);
+          GNUNET_assert (NULL != history);
+          state->plugin->free_reserve_history (state->plugin->cls,
+                                               history);
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_CREATE_DENOMINATION:
+        {
+          struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DenominationKeyIssueInformation *dki =
+            PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_denomination_init ();
+          GNUNET_assert (NULL != dki);
+          state->cmd[state->i].exposed.data.dki = dki;
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_INSERT_DENOMINATION:
+        {
+          unsigned int denom_index;
+          int ret;
+          struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DenominationKeyIssueInformation *dki ;
+
+          denom_index = state->cmd[state->i].details.insert_denomination.index_denom;
+          dki = state->cmd[denom_index].exposed.data.dki;
+          ret = state->plugin->insert_denomination_info (state->plugin->cls,
+                                                         state->session,
+                                                         &dki->denom_pub,
+                                                         &dki->issue);
+          GNUNET_assert (GNUNET_SYSERR != ret);
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_DENOMINATION:
+        {
+          unsigned int denom_index;
+          int ret;
+          struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Data *data;
+
+          denom_index = state->cmd[state->i].details.get_denomination.index_denom; 
+          data = &state->cmd[denom_index].exposed;
+          ret = state->plugin->get_denomination_info (state->plugin->cls,
+                                                      state->session,
+                                                      &data->data.dki->denom_pub,
+                                                      &data->data.dki->issue);
+          GNUNET_assert (GNUNET_SYSERR != ret);
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_CREATE_WITHDRAW:
+        {
+          unsigned int dki_index;
+          unsigned int reserve_index;
+          struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Coin *coin ;
+
+          dki_index     = state->cmd[state->i].details.create_withdraw.index_dki;
+          reserve_index = state->cmd[state->i].details.create_withdraw.index_reserve;
+          coin = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_coin_init (state->cmd[dki_index].exposed.data.dki,
+                                              state->cmd[reserve_index].exposed.data.reserve);
+          GNUNET_assert (NULL != coin);
+          state->cmd[state->i].exposed.data.coin = coin;
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_INSERT_WITHDRAW:
+        {
+          unsigned int coin_index;
+          int ret;
+          struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Coin *coin ;
+
+          coin_index = state->cmd[state->i].details.insert_withdraw.index_coin;
+          coin = state->cmd[coin_index].exposed.data.coin;
+          ret = state->plugin->insert_withdraw_info (state->plugin->cls,
+                                                     state->session,
+                                                     &coin->blind);
+          GNUNET_assert (GNUNET_SYSERR != ret);
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_WITHDRAW:
+        {
+          unsigned int source_index;
+          int ret;
+          struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Data *data;
+
+          source_index = state->cmd[state->i].details.get_denomination.index_denom;
+          data = &state->cmd[source_index].exposed;
+          ret = state->plugin->get_withdraw_info (state->plugin->cls,
+                                                  state->session,
+                                                  &data->data.coin->blind.h_coin_envelope,
+                                                  &data->data.coin->blind);
+          GNUNET_assert (GNUNET_SYSERR != ret);
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_COIN_TRANSACTION:
+        {
+          unsigned int coin_index;
+          struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Coin *coin;
+          struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_TransactionList *transactions;
+
+          coin_index = state->cmd[state->i].details.get_coin_transaction.index_coin;
+          coin = state->cmd[coin_index].exposed.data.coin;
+          transactions = state->plugin->get_coin_transactions (state->plugin->cls,
+                                                               state->session,
+                                                               &coin->public_info.coin_pub);
+          GNUNET_assert (transactions != NULL);
+          state->plugin->free_coin_transaction_list (state->plugin->cls,
+                                                     transactions);
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_CREATE_REFRESH_SESSION:
+        {
+          struct GNUNET_HashCode *hash;
+          struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshSession *refresh_session;
+
+          hash = GNUNET_new (struct GNUNET_HashCode);
+          refresh_session = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_refresh_session_init ();
+          GNUNET_CRYPTO_hash_create_random (GNUNET_CRYPTO_QUALITY_WEAK,
+                                            hash);
+          state->plugin->create_refresh_session (state->session,
+                                                 state->session,
+                                                 hash,
+                                                 refresh_session);
+          state->cmd[state->i].exposed.data.session_hash = hash;
+          PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_refresh_session_free (refresh_session);
+          GNUNET_free (refresh_session);
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_REFRESH_SESSION:
+        {
+          unsigned int hash_index;
+          struct GNUNET_HashCode *hash;
+          struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshSession refresh;
+
+          hash_index = state->cmd[state->i].details.get_refresh_session.index_hash;
+          hash = state->cmd[hash_index].exposed.data.session_hash;
+          state->plugin->get_refresh_session (state->session,
+                                              state->session,
+                                              hash,
+                                              &refresh);
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_INSERT_REFRESH_MELT:
+        {
+          unsigned int hash_index;
+          unsigned int coin_index;
+          struct GNUNET_HashCode *hash;
+          struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshMelt *melt;
+          struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Coin *coin;
+
+          hash_index = state->cmd[state->i].details.insert_refresh_melt.index_hash;
+          coin_index = state->cmd[state->i].details.insert_refresh_melt.index_coin;
+          hash = state->cmd[hash_index].exposed.data.session_hash;
+          coin = state->cmd[coin_index].exposed.data.coin;
+          melt = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_refresh_melt_init (hash,
+                                                      coin);
+          state->plugin->insert_refresh_melt (state->plugin->cls,
+                                                    state->session,
+                                                    1,
+                                                    melt);
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_REFRESH_MELT:
+        {
+          int ret;
+          unsigned int hash_index;
+          struct GNUNET_HashCode *hash;
+          struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshMelt melt;
+
+          hash_index = cmd_find (state->cmd,
+                                 state->cmd[state->i].details.get_refresh_melt.label_hash);
+          hash = state->cmd[hash_index].exposed.data.session_hash;
+          ret = state->plugin->get_refresh_melt (state->plugin->cls,
+                                                 state->session,
+                                                 hash,
+                                                 1,
+                                                 &melt);
+          GNUNET_assert (GNUNET_SYSERR != ret);
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_INSERT_REFRESH_ORDER:
+        {
+          unsigned int hash_index;
+          unsigned int denom_index;
+          struct GNUNET_HashCode *session_hash;
+          struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DenominationKeyIssueInformation *denom;
+
+          hash_index = state->cmd[state->i].details.insert_refresh_order.index_hash;
+          denom_index = state->cmd[state->i].details.insert_refresh_order.index_denom;
+          session_hash = state->cmd[hash_index].exposed.data.session_hash;
+          denom = state->cmd[denom_index].exposed.data.dki;
+          state->plugin->insert_refresh_order (state->plugin->cls,
+                                               state->session,
+                                               session_hash,
+                                               1,
+                                               &denom->denom_pub);
+
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_REFRESH_ORDER:
+        {
+          int hash_index;
+          struct GNUNET_HashCode *hash;
+          struct TALER_DenominationPublicKey denom_pub;
+
+          hash_index = state->cmd[state->i].details.get_refresh_order.index_hash;
+          hash = state->cmd[hash_index].exposed.data.session_hash;
+          state->plugin->get_refresh_order (state->plugin->cls,
+                                            state->session,
+                                            hash,
+                                            1,
+                                            &denom_pub);
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_INSERT_REFRESH_COMMIT_COIN:
+        {
+          int ret;
+          unsigned int hash_index;
+          struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshCommitCoin *refresh_commit;
+
+          hash_index = state->cmd[state->i].details.insert_refresh_commit_coin.index_hash;
+          refresh_commit = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_refresh_commit_coin_init ();
+          ret = state->plugin->insert_refresh_commit_coins (state->plugin->cls,
+                                                            state->session,
+                                                            state->cmd[hash_index].exposed.data.session_hash,
+                                                            1,
+                                                            1,
+                                                            refresh_commit);
+          GNUNET_assert (GNUNET_OK == ret);                                                  
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_REFRESH_COMMIT_COIN:
+        {
+          unsigned int hash_index;
+          struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshCommitCoin refresh_commit;
+            
+          hash_index = state->cmd[state->i].details.insert_refresh_commit_coin.index_hash;
+          state->plugin->get_refresh_commit_coins (state->plugin->cls,
+                                                   state->session,
+                                                   state->cmd[hash_index].exposed.data.session_hash,
+                                                   1,
+                                                   1,
+                                                   &refresh_commit);
+
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_INSERT_REFRESH_COMMIT_LINK:
+        {
+//          unsigned int hash_index;
+//
+//          hash_index = state->cmd[state->i].details.insert_refresh_commit_link.index_hash;
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_REFRESH_COMMIT_LINK:
+        {
+          int ret;
+          unsigned int hash_index;
+          struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshCommitCoin commit_coin;
+
+          hash_index = state->cmd[state->i].details.get_refresh_commit_link.index_hash;
+          ret = state->plugin->get_refresh_commit_coins(state->plugin->cls,
+                                                        state->session,
+                                                        state->cmd[hash_index].exposed.data.session_hash,
+                                                        1,
+                                                        1,
+                                                        &commit_coin);
+          GNUNET_assert (GNUNET_SYSERR != ret);
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_MELT_COMMITMENT:
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_INSERT_REFRESH_OUT:
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_LINK_DATA_LIST:
+        break;
+
+      case PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_TRANSFER:
+        break;
+
+    }
+  }
+  return GNUNET_OK;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Runs the commands given in @a cmd, working with
+ * the database referenced by @a db_plugin
+ *
+ * @param db_plugin the connection to the database
+ * @param cmd the commands to run
+ */
+int
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_interpret (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Plugin *db_plugin,
+                             struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Cmd cmd[])
+{
+  int ret;
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_interpreter_state state =
+  {.i = 0, .cmd = cmd, .plugin = db_plugin};
+
+  ret = cmd_init (cmd);
+  if (GNUNET_SYSERR == ret)
+    return ret;
+  state.session = db_plugin->get_session (db_plugin->cls,
+                                          GNUNET_YES);
+  GNUNET_assert (NULL != state.session);
+  ret = interpret (&state);
+  cmd_clean (cmd);
+  return ret;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Initialize the database and run the benchmark
+ *
+ * @param benchmark_name the name of the benchmark, displayed in the logs
+ * @param configuration_file path to the taler configuration file to use
+ * @param init the commands to use for the database initialisation,
+ * if #NULL the standard initialization is used
+ * @param benchmark the commands for the benchmark
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK upon success; #GNUNET_SYSERR upon failure
+ */
+int
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_run_benchmark (const char *benchmark_name,
+                                 const char *configuration_file,
+                                 struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Cmd *init,
+                                 struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Cmd *benchmark)
+{
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Plugin *plugin;
+  struct GNUNET_CONFIGURATION_Handle *config;
+  int ret = 0;
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Cmd init_def[] =
+  {
+    // Denomination used to create coins
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_DEBUG ("00 - Start of interpreter"),
+
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_LOOP ("01 - denomination loop",
+                                     PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_NB_DENOMINATION_INIT),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_START_TRANSACTION (""),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_CREATE_DENOMINATION ("01 - denomination"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_INSERT_DENOMINATION ("01 - insert",
+                                                    "01 - denomination"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_COMMIT_TRANSACTION (""),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_SAVE_ARRAY ("01 - save denomination",
+                                           "01 - denomination loop",
+                                           "01 - denomination",
+                                           PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_NB_DENOMINATION_SAVE),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_END_LOOP ("",
+                                         "01 - denomination loop"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_DEBUG ("01 - init denomination complete"),
+    // End of initialization
+    // Reserve initialization
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_LOOP ("02 - init reserve loop",
+                                     PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_NB_RESERVE_INIT),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_CREATE_RESERVE ("02 - reserve"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_INSERT_RESERVE ("02 - insert",
+                                               "02 - reserve"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_SAVE_ARRAY ("02 - save reserve",
+                                           "02 - init reserve loop",
+                                           "02 - reserve",
+                                           PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_NB_RESERVE_SAVE),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_END_LOOP ("",
+                                         "02 - init reserve loop"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_DEBUG ("02 - reserve init complete"),
+    // End reserve init
+    // Withdrawal initialization
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_LOOP ("03 - init withdraw loop",
+                                     PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_NB_WITHDRAW_INIT),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_START_TRANSACTION (""),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_LOAD_ARRAY ("03 - denomination load",
+                                           "03 - init withdraw loop",
+                                           "01 - save denomination"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_LOAD_ARRAY ("03 - reserve load",
+                                           "03 - init withdraw loop",
+                                           "02 - save reserve"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_CREATE_WITHDRAW ("03 - withdraw",
+                                                "03 - denomination load",
+                                                "03 - reserve load"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_INSERT_WITHDRAW ("03 - insert",
+                                                "03 - withdraw"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_COMMIT_TRANSACTION (""),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_SAVE_ARRAY ("03 - save coin",
+                                           "03 - init withdraw loop",
+                                           "03 - withdraw",
+                                           PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_NB_WITHDRAW_SAVE),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_END_LOOP ("",
+                                         "03 - init withdraw loop"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_DEBUG ("03 - withdraw init complete"),
+    //End of withdrawal initialization
+    //Deposit initialization
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_LOOP ("04 - deposit init loop",
+                                     PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_NB_DEPOSIT_INIT),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_START_TRANSACTION ("04 - start transaction"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_LOAD_ARRAY ("04 - denomination load",
+                                           "04 - deposit init loop",
+                                           "03 - save coin"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_INSERT_DEPOSIT ("04 - deposit",
+                                               "04 - denomination load"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_COMMIT_TRANSACTION ("04 - commit transaction"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_SAVE_ARRAY ("04 - deposit array",
+                                           "04 - deposit init loop",
+                                           "04 - deposit",
+                                           PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_NB_DEPOSIT_SAVE),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_END_LOOP ("04 - deposit init loop end",
+                                         "04 - deposit init loop"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_DEBUG ("04 - deposit init complete"),
+    // End of deposit initialization
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_END ("end")
+  };
+
+  GNUNET_log_setup (benchmark_name,
+                    "INFO",
+                    NULL);
+  config = GNUNET_CONFIGURATION_create ();
+
+  ret = GNUNET_CONFIGURATION_load (config,
+                                   configuration_file);
+  if (GNUNET_OK != ret)
+  {
+    GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                "Error parsing configuration file\n");
+    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  }
+  plugin = TALER_EXCHANGEDB_plugin_load (config);
+  if (NULL == plugin)
+  {
+    GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                "Error connectiong to the database\n");
+    return ret;
+  }
+  ret = plugin->create_tables (plugin->cls,
+                               GNUNET_YES);
+  if (GNUNET_OK != ret)
+  {
+    GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                "Error while creating the database architecture\n");
+    return ret;
+  }
+  /*
+   * Running the initialization
+   */
+  if (NULL == init)
+  {
+    init = init_def;
+  }
+  ret = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_interpret (plugin,
+                                     init);
+  if (GNUNET_OK != ret)
+  {
+    GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                "Error during database initialization\n");
+    return ret;
+  }
+  /*
+   * Running the benchmark
+   */
+  ret = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_interpret (plugin,
+                                     benchmark);
+  if (GNUNET_OK != ret)
+  {
+    GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                "Error while runing the benchmark\n");
+    return ret;
+  }
+  /* Drop tables */
+  {
+    struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session;
+
+    session = plugin->get_session (plugin->cls,
+                                   GNUNET_YES);
+    ret = plugin->drop_temporary (plugin->cls,
+                                  session);
+    if (GNUNET_OK != ret)
+    {
+      GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                  "Error cleaning the database\n");
+      return ret;
+    }
+  }
+  TALER_EXCHANGEDB_plugin_unload (plugin);
+  GNUNET_CONFIGURATION_destroy (config);
+  return ret;
+}
diff --git a/src/exchangedb/perf_taler_exchangedb_interpreter.h b/src/exchangedb/perf_taler_exchangedb_interpreter.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a83251c60
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/exchangedb/perf_taler_exchangedb_interpreter.h
@@ -0,0 +1,1319 @@
+/*
+  This file is part of TALER
+  Copyright (C) 2014, 2015 GNUnet e.V.
+
+  TALER is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
+  terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
+  Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option) any later version.
+
+  TALER is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
+  WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
+  A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
+  TALER; see the file COPYING.  If not, If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>
+*/
+/**
+ * @file exchangedb/perf_taler_exchangedb_interpreter.h
+ * @brief Library for performance analysis of the Taler database
+ * @author Nicolas Fournier
+ *
+ * This library contains functions and macro alowing Taler performance analysis
+ * to be written with ease.
+ * To do so, create a #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Cmd array and fill it with the commands
+ * to execute in chronological order. Some command have an exposed variable wich
+ * can be reused in other commands.
+ * Macros are available to make the use much easier so feel free to use them
+ * to initialize your own command array.
+ */
+
+#ifndef __PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INTERPRETER_H__
+#define __PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INTERPRETER_H__
+
+#include <sys/time.h>
+#include "taler_exchangedb_plugin.h"
+
+
+#define PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_NB_DENOMINATION_INIT  10
+#define PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_NB_DENOMINATION_SAVE  10
+
+#define PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_NB_RESERVE_INIT   100
+#define PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_NB_RESERVE_SAVE   10
+
+#define PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_NB_DEPOSIT_INIT   100
+#define PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_NB_DEPOSIT_SAVE   10
+
+#define PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_NB_WITHDRAW_INIT  100
+#define PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_NB_WITHDRAW_SAVE  10
+
+
+/**
+ * Marks the end of the command chain
+ *
+ * @param _label The label of the command
+ */
+#define PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_END(_label) \
+{ \
+  .command = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_END, \
+  .label = _label, \
+  .exposed.type = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_NONE \
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Prints @ _label to stdout
+ *
+ * @param _label The label of the command,
+ *  will be logged each time the command runs
+ */
+#define PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_DEBUG(_label) \
+{ \
+  .command = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_DEBUG, \
+  .label = _label, \
+  .exposed.type = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_NONE \
+}
+
+/**
+ * The begining of a loop
+ *
+ * @param _label the label of the loop
+ * @param _iter the number of iterations of the loop
+ */
+#define PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_LOOP(_label, _iter) \
+{ \
+  .command = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_LOOP , \
+  .label = _label , \
+  .exposed.type = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_NONE , \
+  .details.loop = { \
+    .max_iterations = _iter , \
+    .curr_iteration = 0 } \
+}
+
+/**
+ * Marks the end of the loop @_label_loop
+ *
+ * @param _label the label of the command
+ * @param _label_loop the label of the loop closed by this command
+ */
+#define PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_END_LOOP(_label, _label_loop) \
+{\
+  .command = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_END_LOOP , \
+  .label = _label , \
+  .exposed.type = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_NONE , \
+  .details.end_loop.label_loop = _label_loop \
+}
+
+/**
+ * Saves the time of execution to use for logging with Gauger
+ *
+ * @param _label the label of the command
+ */
+#define PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GET_TIME(_label) \
+{ \
+  .command = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_TIME, \
+  .label = _label, \
+  .exposed.type = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_TIME \
+}
+
+/**
+ * Commits the duration between @a _label_start and @a _label_stop
+ * to Gauger with @a _description explaining what was measured.
+ *
+ * @param _label the label of this command
+ * @param _label_start label of the start of the measurment
+ * @param _label_stop label of the end of the measurment
+ * @param _description description of the measure displayed in Gauger
+ * @param _unit the unit of the data measured, typicly something/sec
+ * @param _divide number of measurments in the interval
+ */
+#define PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GAUGER(_label, _label_start, _label_stop, _category, _description, _unit, _divide) \
+{ \
+  .command = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GAUGER, \
+  .label = _label, \
+  .exposed.type = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_NONE, \
+  .details.gauger = { \
+    .label_start = _label_start, \
+    .label_stop = _label_stop, \
+    .category = _category, \
+    .description = _description, \
+    .unit = _unit, \
+    .divide = _divide, \
+  } \
+}
+
+/**
+ * Initiate a database transaction
+ *
+ * @param _label the label of the command
+ */
+#define PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_START_TRANSACTION(_label) \
+{ \
+  .command = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_START_TRANSACTION, \
+  .label = _label, \
+  .exposed.type = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_NONE, \
+}
+
+/**
+ * Commits a database transaction
+ *
+ * @param _label the label of the command
+ */
+#define PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_COMMIT_TRANSACTION(_label) \
+{ \
+  .command = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_COMMIT_TRANSACTION, \
+  .label = _label, \
+  .exposed.type = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_NONE, \
+}
+
+/**
+ * Abort the current transaction
+ *
+ * @param _label the label of the command
+ */
+#define PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_ABORT_TRANSACTION(_label) \
+{ \
+  .command = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_ABORT_TRANSACTION, \
+  .label = _label,
+
+/**
+ * Saves randomly selected items from @a _label_save
+ * Saved items can latter be access using #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_LOAD_ARRAY
+ *
+ * @param _label the label of the command, used by other commands to reference it
+ * @param _label_loop the label of the loop the array iterates over
+ * @param _label_save the label of the command which outout is saved by this command
+ * @param _nb_saved the total number of items to be saved
+ */
+#define PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_SAVE_ARRAY(_label, _label_loop, _label_save, _nb_saved) \
+{ \
+  .command = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_SAVE_ARRAY, \
+  .label = _label, \
+  .exposed.type = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_NONE, \
+  .details.save_array = { \
+    .label_loop = _label_loop, \
+    .label_save = _label_save, \
+    .nb_saved = _nb_saved, \
+  } \
+}
+
+/**
+ * Loads data from a #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_SAVE_ARRAY to allow other
+ * commands to access it
+ *
+ * @param _label the label of this command, referenced by commands to access it's outpout
+ * @param _label_loop the label of the loop to iterate over
+ * @param _label_save the label of the #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_SAVE_ARRAY providing data
+ */
+#define PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_LOAD_ARRAY(_label, _label_loop, _label_save) \
+{ \
+  .command = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_LOAD_ARRAY, \
+  .label = _label, \
+  .exposed.type = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_NONE, \
+  .details.load_array = { \
+    .label_loop = _label_loop, \
+    .label_save = _label_save \
+  } \
+}
+
+/**
+ * Create a denomination key to use
+ * Exposes a #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DENOMINATION_INFO to be used by other commands
+ * @exposed #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DENOMINATION_INFO
+ *
+ * @param _label the label of this command
+ */
+#define PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_CREATE_DENOMINATION(_label) \
+{ \
+  .command = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_CREATE_DENOMINATION, \
+  .label = _label, \
+  .exposed.type = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DENOMINATION_INFO, \
+}
+
+/**
+ * Inserts informations about a denomination key in the database
+ *
+ * @param _label the label of this command
+ * @param _label_denom the label of the denomination to insert
+ */
+#define PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_INSERT_DENOMINATION(_label, _label_denom) \
+{ \
+  .command = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_INSERT_DENOMINATION, \
+  .label = _label, \
+  .exposed.type = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_NONE, \
+  .details.insert_denomination.label_denom = _label_denom, \
+}
+
+/**
+ * Polls the database about informations regarding a specific denomination key
+ *
+ * @param _label the label of this command
+ * @param _label_denom the label of the command providing information about the denomination key
+ */
+#define PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GET_DENOMINATION(_label, _label_denom) \
+{ \
+  .command = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_DENOMINATION, \
+  .label = _label, \
+  .exposed.type = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_NONE, \
+  .details.get_denomination.label_denom = _label_denom \
+}
+
+/**
+ * Create a reserve to be used later
+ * Exposes a #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RESERVE
+ *
+ * @param _label the label of the command
+ */
+#define PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_CREATE_RESERVE(_label) \
+{ \
+  .command = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_CREATE_RESERVE, \
+  .label = _label, \
+  .exposed.type = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RESERVE \
+}
+
+/**
+ * Insert a new reserve in the database containing 1000 Euros
+ *
+ * @param _label the name of this command
+ * @param _label_reserve the label of the reserve to insert
+ */
+#define PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_INSERT_RESERVE(_label, _label_reserve) \
+{ \
+  .command = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_INSERT_RESERVE, \
+  .label = _label, \
+  .exposed.type = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_NONE, \
+  .details.insert_reserve.label_reserve = _label_reserve \
+}
+
+/**
+ * Polls the database for a secific reserve's details
+ *
+ * @param _label the label of this command
+ * @param _label_reserve the reserve to poll
+ */
+#define PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GET_RESERVE(_label, _label_reserve) \
+{ \
+  .command = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_RESERVE, \
+  .label = _label, \
+  .exposed.type = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_NONE, \
+  .details.get_reserve.label_reserve = _label_reserve \
+}
+
+/**
+ * Polls the database for the history of a reserve
+ *
+ * @param _label the label of the command
+ * @param _label_reserve the reserve to examine
+ */
+#define PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GET_RESERVE_HISTORY(_label, _label_reserve) \
+{ \
+  .command = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_RESERVE_HISTORY, \
+  .label = _label, \
+  .exposed.type = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_NONE, \
+  .details.get_reserve_history.label_reserve = _label_reserve \
+}
+
+/**
+ * Creates a coin to be used later
+ *
+ * @param _label the label of this command
+ * @param _label_dki denomination key used to sign the coin
+ * @param _label_reserve reserve used to emmit the coin
+ */
+#define PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_CREATE_WITHDRAW(_label, _label_dki, _label_reserve) \
+{ \
+  .command = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_CREATE_WITHDRAW, \
+  .label = _label, \
+  .exposed.type = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_COIN, \
+  .details.create_withdraw = {\
+    .label_dki = _label_dki, \
+    .label_reserve = _label_reserve, \
+  } \
+}
+
+/**
+ * Inserts informations about a withdrawal in the database
+ *
+ * @exposes #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_COIN
+ *
+ * @param _label the label of this command
+ * @param _label_coin the coin to insert
+ */
+#define PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_INSERT_WITHDRAW(_label, _label_coin) \
+{ \
+  .command = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_INSERT_WITHDRAW, \
+  .label = _label, \
+  .exposed.type = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_NONE, \
+  .details.insert_withdraw.label_coin = _label_coin\
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Polls the database about informations regarding a specific withdrawal
+ *
+ * @param _label the label of this command
+ * @param _label_coin the coin to check
+ */
+#define PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GET_WITHDRAW(_label, _label_coin) \
+{ \
+  .command = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_WITHDRAW, \
+  .label = _label, \
+  .exposed.type = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_NONE, \
+  .details.get_withdraw.label_coin = _label_coin, \
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * The /reserve/withdraw api call
+ *
+ * Exposes #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_COIN
+ *
+ * @param _label the label of this command
+ * @param _label_dki the denomination of the created coin
+ * @param _label_reserve the reserve used to provide currency
+ */
+#define PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_WITHDRAW_SIGN(_label, _label_dki, _label_reserve) \
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_CREATE_WITHDRAW (_label "withdraw", \
+                                              _label_dki, \
+                                              _label_reserve), \
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GET_DENOMINATION(_label "withdraw info", \
+                                              _label_dki), \
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GET_RESERVE_HISTORY(_label "reserve_history", \
+                                                 _label_reserve), \
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_INSERT_WITHDRAW(_label "insert withdraw", \
+                                             _label "withdraw")
+
+/**
+ * Create a deposit for use later
+ * @exposes #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DEPOSIT
+ *
+ * @param _label the label of this command
+ * @param _label_coin the coin used to pay
+ */
+#define PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_CREATE_DEPOSIT(_label, _label_coin) \
+{ \
+  .command = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_CREATE_DEPOSIT, \
+  .label = _label, \
+  .exposed.type = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DEPOSIT, \
+  .details.create_deposit.label_coin = _label_coin, \
+}
+
+/**
+ * Insert a deposit into the database
+ *
+ * @param _label the label of this command
+ * @param _label_deposit the deposit inseerted
+ */
+#define PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_INSERT_DEPOSIT(_label, _label_deposit) \
+{ \
+  .command = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_INSERT_DEPOSIT,\
+  .label = _label, \
+  .exposed.type = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_NONE, \
+  .details.insert_deposit.label_deposit = _label_deposit, \
+}
+
+/**
+ * Check if a deposit is in the database
+ *
+ * @param _label the label of this command
+ * @param _label_deposit the deposit to use
+ */
+#define PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GET_DEPOSIT(_label, _label_deposit) \
+{ \
+  .command = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_DEPOSIT, \
+  .label = _label, \
+  .exposed.type = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_NONE, \
+  .details.get_deposit.label_deposit = _label_deposit \
+}
+
+/**
+ * Access the transaction history of a coin
+ *
+ * @param _label the label of the command
+ * @param _label_coin the coin which history is checked
+ */
+#define PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GET_COIN_TRANSACTION(_label, _label_coin) \
+{ \
+  .command = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_COIN_TRANSACTION, \
+  .label = _label, \
+  .exposed.type = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_NONE, \
+  .details.get_coin_transaction.label_coin = _label_coin \
+}
+
+/**
+ * The /deposit api call
+ *
+ * @param _label the label of the command
+ * @param _label_coin the coin used for the deposit
+ */
+#define PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_DEPOSIT(_label, _label_coin) \
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GET_COIN_TRANSACTION (_label "coin history", \
+                                                   _label_coin), \
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_CREATE_DEPOSIT (_label "deposit", \
+                                             _label_coin), \
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_INSERT_DEPOSIT (_label "insert", \
+                                             _label "deposit")
+/**
+ * Insert informations about a refresh session
+ * melts one coin into another
+ *
+ * @param _label the label of the command
+ */
+#define PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_CREATE_REFRESH_SESSION(_label) \
+{ \
+  .command = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_CREATE_REFRESH_SESSION, \
+  .label = _label, \
+  .exposed.type = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_REFRESH_HASH \
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get informations about a refresh session
+ * 
+ * @param _label the label of the command
+ * @param _label_hash the label of the hash to search
+ */
+#define PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GET_REFRESH_SESSION(_label, \
+                                                       _label_hash) \
+{ \
+  .command = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_REFRESH_SESSION, \
+  .label = _label, \
+  .exposed.type = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_NONE \
+}
+
+/**
+ * Insert a melt operation in the database
+ *
+ * @param _label the label of the command
+ * @param _label_hash the label of the hash of the session
+ * @param _label_coin the label of the coin to melt
+ */
+#define PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_INSERT_REFRESH_MELT(_label, \
+                                                       _label_hash, \
+                                                       _label_coin) \
+{ \
+  .command = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_INSERT_REFRESH_MELT, \
+  .label = _label, \
+  .details.insert_refresh_melt.label_hash = _label_hash, \
+  .details.insert_refresh_melt.label_coin = _label_coin, \
+  .exposed.type = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_NONE \
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get informations about a melt operation
+ *
+ * @param _label the label of the command
+ * @param _label_hash the label of the hash of the refresh session
+ */
+#define PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GET_REFRESH_MELT(_label, \
+                                                    _label_hash) \
+{ \
+  .command = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_REFRESH_MELT, \
+  .label = _label, \
+  .detail.get_refresh_melt.label_hash = _label_hash, \
+  .exposed.type = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_NONE \
+}
+
+/**
+ * The type of data stored in #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Memory
+ */
+enum PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Type
+{
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_NONE,
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_TIME,
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DENOMINATION_INFO,
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RESERVE,
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_COIN,
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DEPOSIT,
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_REFRESH_HASH,
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_REFRESH_MELT
+};
+
+
+/**
+ * Structure used to handle several data type
+ */
+struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Data
+{
+  enum PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Type type;
+
+  /**
+   * Storage for a variety of data type
+   * The data saved should match #type
+   */
+  union PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Memory
+  {
+    /** #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_TIME */
+    struct GNUNET_TIME_Absolute *time;
+    /** #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DEPOSIT */
+    struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Deposit *deposit;
+    /** #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_COIN */
+    struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Coin *coin;
+    /** #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RESERVE */
+    struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Reserve *reserve;
+    /** #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DENOMINATION_INFO */
+    struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DenominationKeyIssueInformation *dki;
+    /** #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_REFRESH_HASH */
+    struct GNUNET_HashCode *session_hash;
+    /** #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_REFRESH_MELT */
+    struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshMelt *refresh_melt;
+  } data;
+};
+
+
+/**
+ * Name of the command
+ */
+enum PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_Name
+{
+  /**
+   * All comand chain must hace this as their last command
+   */
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_END,
+
+  /**
+   * Prints it's label
+   */
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_DEBUG,
+
+  /**
+   * Define the start of al command chain loop
+   */
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_LOOP,
+
+  /**
+   * Define the end of a command chain loop
+   */
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_END_LOOP,
+
+  /**
+   * Save the time at which the command was executed
+   */
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_TIME,
+
+  /**
+   * Upload performance to Gauger
+   */
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GAUGER,
+
+  /**
+   * Start a new session
+   */
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_NEW_SESSION,
+
+  /**
+   * Start a database transaction
+   */
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_START_TRANSACTION,
+
+  /**
+   * End a database transaction
+   */
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_COMMIT_TRANSACTION,
+
+  /**
+   * Abort a transaction started with #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_START_TRANSACTION
+   */
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_ABORT_TRANSACTION,
+
+  /**
+   * Saves random deposits from a loop
+   */
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_SAVE_ARRAY,
+
+  /**
+   * Load items saved earlier in a #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_SAVE_ARRAY
+   * The items are loaded in a random order, but all of them will be loaded
+   */
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_LOAD_ARRAY,
+
+  /**
+   * Loads a random item from a #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_SAVE_ARRAY
+   * A random item is loaded each time the command is run
+   */
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_LOAD_RANDOM,
+
+  /**
+   * Create a denomination to be used later
+   */
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_CREATE_DENOMINATION,
+
+  /**
+   * Insert informations about a denomination key in the database
+   */
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_INSERT_DENOMINATION,
+
+  /**
+   * Polls the database for informations about a specific denomination key
+   */
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_DENOMINATION,
+
+  /**
+   * Create a reserve to be used later
+   */
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_CREATE_RESERVE,
+
+  /**
+   * Insert currency in a reserve / Create a reserve
+   */
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_INSERT_RESERVE,
+
+  /**
+   * Get Informations about a reserve
+   */
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_RESERVE,
+
+  /**
+   * Get the history of a reserve
+   */
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_RESERVE_HISTORY,
+
+  /**
+   * Create a withdrawal to be used later
+   */
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_CREATE_WITHDRAW,
+
+  /**
+   * Insert informations about a withdrawal in the database
+   */
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_INSERT_WITHDRAW,
+
+  /**
+   * Pulls informations about a withdrawal from the database
+   */
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_WITHDRAW,
+
+  /**
+   * Get the list of all transactions the coin has been in
+   */
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_COIN_TRANSACTION,
+
+  /**
+   * Create a deposit to be used later
+   */
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_CREATE_DEPOSIT,
+
+  /**
+   * Insert a deposit into the database
+   */
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_INSERT_DEPOSIT,
+
+  /**
+   * Check if a deposit is in the database
+   */
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_DEPOSIT,
+
+  /**
+   * Create a refresh session
+   * The number of melted coins is 1,
+   * The number of exchangeed coins is 1
+   */
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_CREATE_REFRESH_SESSION,
+
+  /**
+   * Get a refresh session informations
+   */
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_REFRESH_SESSION,
+
+  /**
+   * Insert a refresh melt
+   */
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_INSERT_REFRESH_MELT,
+
+  /**
+   * Get informations about a refresh melt operation
+   */
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_REFRESH_MELT,
+
+  /**
+   * Insert a melt refresh order
+   */
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_INSERT_REFRESH_ORDER,
+
+  /**
+   * Get informations about a refresh order
+   */
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_REFRESH_ORDER,
+
+  /**
+   * Insert refresh commit coin
+   */
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_INSERT_REFRESH_COMMIT_COIN,
+
+  /**
+   * Get refresh commit coin
+   */
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_REFRESH_COMMIT_COIN,
+
+  /**
+   * Insert refresh commit link
+   */
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_INSERT_REFRESH_COMMIT_LINK,
+
+  /**
+   * Get refresh commit link
+   */
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_REFRESH_COMMIT_LINK,
+
+  /**
+   * Get information avout the melt commit
+   */
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_MELT_COMMITMENT,
+
+  /**
+   * Insert a new coin into the database after a melt operation
+   */
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_INSERT_REFRESH_OUT,
+
+  /**
+   * Get the link data list of a coin
+   */
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_LINK_DATA_LIST,
+
+  /**
+   * Get the shared secret and the transfere public key
+   */
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_TRANSFER
+
+};
+
+
+/**
+ * Contains extra data required for any command
+ */
+union PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_Details
+{
+  /**
+   * Extra data requiered for the #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_LOOP command
+   */
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_loopDetails
+  {
+    /**
+     * Maximum number of iteration in the loop
+     */
+    const unsigned int max_iterations;
+
+    /**
+     * The current iteration of the loop
+     */
+    unsigned int curr_iteration;
+  } loop;
+
+  /**
+   * Extra data requiered by the #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_END_LOOP command
+   */
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_endLoopDetails
+  {
+    /**
+     * Label of the loop closed by the command
+     */
+    const char *label_loop;
+    unsigned int index_loop;
+  } end_loop;
+
+  /**
+   * Details about the #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GAUGER  command
+   */
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_gaugerDetails
+  {
+    /**
+     * Label of the starting timestamp
+     */
+    const char *label_start;
+    unsigned int index_start;
+
+    /**
+     * Label of the ending timestamp
+     */
+    const char *label_stop;
+    unsigned int index_stop;
+
+    /**
+     * The category of the measurment
+     */
+    const char *category;
+
+    /**
+     * Description of the metric, used in Gauger
+     */
+    const char *description;
+
+    /**
+     * The name of the metric beeing used
+     */
+    const char *unit;
+
+    /**
+     * Constant the result needs to be divided by
+     * to get the result per unit
+     */
+    float divide;
+  } gauger;
+
+  /**
+   * Contains extra data requiered by the #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_SAVE_ARRAY command
+   */
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_saveArrayDetails
+  {
+    /**
+     * Number of items to save
+     */
+    unsigned int nb_saved;
+
+    /**
+     * Number of items already saved
+     */
+    unsigned int index;
+
+    /**
+     * Label of the loop it is attached to
+     */
+    const char *label_loop;
+    unsigned int index_loop;
+
+    /**
+     * Label of the command exposing the item
+     */
+    const char *label_save;
+    unsigned int index_save;
+
+    /**
+     * Array of data saved
+     */
+    struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Data *data_saved;
+
+    /**
+     * Type of the data that will be stored in @a data_saved, for
+     * 'static' type checking.
+     */
+    enum PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Type type_saved;
+
+  } save_array;
+
+  /**
+   * Extra data required for the #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_LOAD_ARRAY command
+   */
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_loadArrayDetails
+  {
+    /**
+     * The loop in which the command is located
+     */
+    const char *label_loop;
+    unsigned int index_loop;
+
+    /**
+     * Label of the command where the items were saved
+     */
+    const char *label_save;
+    unsigned int index_save;
+
+    /**
+     * A permutation array used to randomize the order the items are loaded in
+     */
+    unsigned int *permutation;
+  } load_array;
+
+  /**
+   * Contains data for the #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_LOAD_RANDOM command
+   */
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_loadRandomDetails
+  {
+    /**
+     * The label of the #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_SAVE_ARRAY the items will be extracted from
+     */
+    const char *label_save;
+    unsigned int index_save;
+  } load_random;
+
+  /**
+   * Extra data requiered by the #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_INSERT_DENOMINATION command
+   */
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_insertDenominationDetails
+  {
+    /**
+     * The label of the source of the denomination to insert
+     */
+    const char *label_denom;
+    unsigned int index_denom;
+  } insert_denomination;  
+  
+  /**
+   * Extra data requiered by the #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_DENOMINATION command
+   */
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_getDenominationDetails
+  {
+    /**
+     * The label of the source of the denomination to check
+     */
+    const char *label_denom;
+    unsigned int index_denom;
+  } get_denomination;
+
+  /**
+   * Extra data requiered for the #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_INSERT_RESERVE command
+   */
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_insertReserveDetails
+  {
+    /**
+     * The label of the source of the reserve to insert
+     */
+    const char *label_reserve;
+    unsigned int index_reserve;
+  } insert_reserve;
+
+  /**
+   * Extra data requiered for the #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_RESERVE command
+   */
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_getReserveDetails
+  {
+    /**
+     * The label of the source of the reserve to check
+     */
+    const char *label_reserve;
+    unsigned int index_reserve;
+  } get_reserve;
+
+  /**
+   * Extra data requiered for the #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_RESERVE_HISTORY command
+   */
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_getReserveHistoryDetails
+  {
+    /**
+     * The label of the source of the reserve to check
+     */
+    const char *label_reserve;
+    unsigned int index_reserve;
+  } get_reserve_history;
+
+  /**
+   * Extra data related to the #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_CREATE_WITHDRAW command
+   */
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_createWithdrawDetails
+  {
+    /**
+     * label of the denomination key used to sign the coin
+     */
+    const char *label_dki;
+    unsigned int index_dki;
+
+    /**
+     * label of the reserve the money to exchange the coin comes from
+     */
+    const char *label_reserve;
+    unsigned int index_reserve;
+  } create_withdraw;
+
+  /**
+   * data requiered for the #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_INSERT_WITHDRAW
+   */
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_insertWithdrawDetails
+  {
+    /**
+     * label of the source for the coin information
+     */
+    const char *label_coin;
+    unsigned int index_coin;
+  } insert_withdraw;
+
+  /**
+   * data requiered for the #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_WITHDRAW
+   */
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_getWithdraw
+  {
+    /**
+     * label of the source for the coin information
+     */
+    const char *label_coin;
+    unsigned int index_coin;
+  } get_withdraw;
+
+  /**
+   * Data requiered for the #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_COIN_TRANSACTION command
+   */
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_getCoinTransactionDetails
+  {
+    /**
+     * The coin which history is checked
+     */
+    const char *label_coin;
+    unsigned int index_coin;
+  } get_coin_transaction;
+
+  /**
+   * Data used by the #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_CREATE_DEPOSIT command
+   */
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_createDepositDetails
+  {
+    /**
+     * Label of the source where the reserve used to create the coin is
+     */
+    const char *label_coin;
+    unsigned int index_coin;
+  } create_deposit;
+
+  /**
+   * Extra data requiered for the #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_INSERT_DEPOSIT command
+   */
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_insertDepositDetails
+  {
+    /**
+     * The label of the source of the deposit to check
+     */
+    const char *label_deposit;
+    unsigned int index_deposit;
+  } insert_deposit;
+
+  /**
+   * Extra data requiered for the #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_DEPOSIT command
+   */
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_getDepositDetails
+  {
+    /**
+     * The label of the source of the deposit to check
+     */
+    const char *label_deposit;
+    unsigned int index_deposit;
+  } get_deposit;
+
+ /**
+   * Data requiered for the #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_REFRESH_SESSION command
+   */
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_getRefreshSessionDetails
+  {
+    /**
+     * label of the source of the hash of the session
+     */
+    const char *label_hash;
+    unsigned int index_hash;
+  } get_refresh_session;
+
+  /**
+   * Data requiered for the #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_INSERT_REFRESH_MELT command
+   */
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_insertRefreshMeltDetails
+  {
+    /**
+     * The label of the hash of the refresh session
+     */
+    const char *label_hash;
+    unsigned int index_hash;
+
+    /**
+     * The label of the coin to melt
+     */
+    const char *label_coin;
+    unsigned int index_coin;
+  } insert_refresh_melt;
+
+  /**
+   * Data requiered for the #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_REFRESH_MELT command
+   */
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_getRefreshMeltDetails
+  {
+    /**
+     * The label of the hash of the session
+     */
+    const char *label_hash;
+    unsigned int index_hash;
+  } get_refresh_melt;
+
+  /**
+   * Data requiered for the #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_INSERT_REFRESH_ORDER command
+   */
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_insertRefreshOrderDetails
+  {
+   /**
+    * The refresh session hash
+    */
+   const char *label_hash;
+    unsigned int index_hash;
+
+   /**
+    * The new coin denomination
+    */
+   const char *label_denom;
+   unsigned int index_denom;
+  } insert_refresh_order;
+
+  /**
+   * Data requiered for the #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_REFRESH_ORDER command
+   */
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_getRefreshOrderDetails
+  {
+    /**
+     * The session hash
+     */
+    const char *label_hash;
+    unsigned int index_hash;
+
+  } get_refresh_order;
+
+  /**
+   * Data requiered for the #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_INSERT_REFRESH_COMMIT_COIN command
+   */
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_insertRefreshCommitCoinDetails
+  {
+    /**
+     * The refresh session hash
+     */
+    const char *label_hash;
+    unsigned int index_hash;
+
+  } insert_refresh_commit_coin;
+
+  /**
+   * Data requiered for the #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_REFRESH_COMMIT_COIN command
+   */
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_getRefreshCommitCoinDetails
+  {
+    /**
+     * The refresh session hash
+     */
+    const char *label_hash;
+    unsigned int index_hash;
+
+  } get_refresh_commit_coin;
+
+  /**
+   * Data requiered for the #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_INSERT_REFRESH_COMMIT_LINK command
+   */
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_insertRefreshCommitLinkDetails
+  {
+    /**
+     * The refresh session hash
+     */
+    const char *label_hash;
+    unsigned int index_hash;
+
+  } insert_refresh_commit_link;
+
+  /**
+   * Data requiered by the #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_REFRESH_COMMIT_LINK command
+   */
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_getRefreshCommitLinkDetails
+  {
+    /**
+     * The refresh session hash
+     */
+    const char *label_hash;
+    unsigned int index_hash;
+  } get_refresh_commit_link;
+
+  /**
+   * Data requiered for the #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_MELT_COMMITMENT command
+   */
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_getMeltCommitmentDaetails
+  {
+    /**
+     * The refresh session hash
+     */
+    const char *label_hash;
+    unsigned int index_hash;
+  } get_melt_commitment;
+
+  /**
+   * Data requiered by the #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_INSERT_REFRESH_OUT command
+   */
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_insertRefreshOutDetails
+  {
+    /**
+     * The refresh session hash
+     */
+    const char *label_hash;
+    unsigned int index_hash;
+  } insert_refresh_out;
+
+  /**
+   * Data requiered by the #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_LINK_DATA_LIST command
+   */
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_getLinkDataListDetails
+  {
+    /**
+     * The refresh session hash
+     */
+    const char *label_hash;
+    unsigned int index_hash;
+  } get_link_data_list;
+
+  /**
+   * Data requiered by the #PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_GET_TRANSFER command
+   */
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_getTransferDetails
+  {
+    /**
+     * The refresh session hash
+     */
+    const char *label_hash;
+    unsigned int index_hash;
+  } get_transfer;
+
+};
+
+
+/**
+ * Command to be interpreted.
+ */
+struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Cmd
+{
+  /**
+   *  Type of the command
+   */
+  enum PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_Name command;
+
+  /**
+   * Label to refer to the command
+   */
+  const char *label;
+
+  /**
+   * Command specific data
+   */
+  union PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CMD_Details details;
+
+  /**
+   * Data easily accessible
+   */
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Data exposed;
+};
+
+
+/**
+ * Run a benchmark
+ *
+ * @param benchmark_name the name of the benchmark, displayed in the logs
+ * @param configuration_file path to the taler configuration file to use
+ * @param init the commands to use for the database initialisation,
+ * if #NULL the standard initialization is used
+ * @param benchmark the commands for the benchmark
+ * @return GNUNET_OK upon success; GNUNET_SYSERR upon failure
+ */
+int
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_run_benchmark (const char *benchmark_name,
+                                 const char *configuration_file,
+                                 struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Cmd *init,
+                                 struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Cmd *benchmark);
+
+
+/**
+ * Runs the command array @a cmd
+ * using @a db_plugin to connect to the database
+ *
+ * @param db_plugin the connection to the database
+ * @param cmd the commands to run
+ */
+int
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_interpret(
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Plugin *db_plugin,
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Cmd cmd[]);
+
+
+/**
+ * Check if the given command array is syntaxicly correct
+ * This will check if the label are corrects but will not check if
+ * they are pointing to an apropriate command.
+ *
+ * @param cmd the command array to check
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK is @a cmd is correct; #GNUNET_SYSERR if it is'nt
+ */
+int
+PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_check (const struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Cmd *cmd);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/src/exchangedb/perf_taler_exchangedb_values.h b/src/exchangedb/perf_taler_exchangedb_values.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c3b50fea2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/exchangedb/perf_taler_exchangedb_values.h
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+/*
+   This file is part of TALER
+   Copyright (C) 2014, 2015 GNUnet e.V.
+
+   TALER is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
+   terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
+   Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option) any later version.
+
+   TALER is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
+   WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
+   A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
+   TALER; see the file COPYING.  If not, If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>
+   */
+/**
+ * @file exchangedb/perf_taler_exchangedb_values.h
+ * @brief Values for tweaking the performance analysis
+ * @author Nicolas Fournier
+ */
+#ifndef __PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB__VALUES_H__
+#define __PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB__VALUES_H__
+
+
+#endif
diff --git a/src/exchangedb/plugin_exchangedb_common.c b/src/exchangedb/plugin_exchangedb_common.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c8e689cfd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/exchangedb/plugin_exchangedb_common.c
@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+/*
+  This file is part of TALER
+  Copyright (C) 2015 GNUnet e.V.
+
+  TALER is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
+  terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
+  Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option) any later version.
+
+  TALER is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
+  WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
+  A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
+  TALER; see the file COPYING.  If not, If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>
+*/
+/**
+ * @file exchangedb/plugin_exchangedb_common.c
+ * @brief Functions shared across plugins, this file is meant to be
+ *        included in each plugin.
+ * @author Christian Grothoff
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Free memory associated with the given reserve history.
+ *
+ * @param cls the @e cls of this struct with the plugin-specific state (unused)
+ * @param rh history to free.
+ */
+static void
+common_free_reserve_history (void *cls,
+                             struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_ReserveHistory *rh)
+{
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_BankTransfer *bt;
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CollectableBlindcoin *cbc;
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_ReserveHistory *backref;
+
+  while (NULL != rh)
+  {
+    switch(rh->type)
+    {
+    case TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RO_BANK_TO_EXCHANGE:
+      bt = rh->details.bank;
+      if (NULL != bt->wire)
+        json_decref (bt->wire);
+      GNUNET_free (bt);
+      break;
+    case TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RO_WITHDRAW_COIN:
+      cbc = rh->details.withdraw;
+      GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_signature_free (cbc->sig.rsa_signature);
+      GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_public_key_free (cbc->denom_pub.rsa_public_key);
+      GNUNET_free (cbc);
+      break;
+    }
+    backref = rh;
+    rh = rh->next;
+    GNUNET_free (backref);
+  }
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Free memory of the link data list.
+ *
+ * @param cls the @e cls of this struct with the plugin-specific state (unused)
+ * @param ldl link data list to release
+ */
+static void
+common_free_link_data_list (void *cls,
+                            struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_LinkDataList *ldl)
+{
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_LinkDataList *next;
+
+  while (NULL != ldl)
+  {
+    next = ldl->next;
+    GNUNET_free (ldl->link_data_enc);
+    GNUNET_free (ldl);
+    ldl = next;
+  }
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Free linked list of transactions.
+ *
+ * @param cls the @e cls of this struct with the plugin-specific state (unused)
+ * @param list list to free
+ */
+static void
+common_free_coin_transaction_list (void *cls,
+                                   struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_TransactionList *list)
+{
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_TransactionList *next;
+
+  while (NULL != list)
+  {
+    next = list->next;
+
+    switch (list->type)
+    {
+    case TALER_EXCHANGEDB_TT_DEPOSIT:
+      json_decref (list->details.deposit->wire);
+      GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_public_key_free (list->details.deposit->coin.denom_pub.rsa_public_key);
+      GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_signature_free (list->details.deposit->coin.denom_sig.rsa_signature);
+      GNUNET_free (list->details.deposit);
+      break;
+    case TALER_EXCHANGEDB_TT_REFRESH_MELT:
+      GNUNET_free (list->details.melt);
+      break;
+    }
+    GNUNET_free (list);
+    list = next;
+  }
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Free melt commitment data.
+ *
+ * @param cls the @e cls of this struct with the plugin-specific state (unused)
+ * @param mc data structure to free
+ */
+static void
+common_free_melt_commitment (void *cls,
+                             struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_MeltCommitment *mc)
+{
+  unsigned int i;
+  unsigned int k;
+
+  if (NULL != mc->melts)
+  {
+    for (i=0;i<mc->num_oldcoins;i++)
+    {
+      GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_signature_free (mc->melts[i].coin.denom_sig.rsa_signature);
+      GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_public_key_free (mc->melts[i].coin.denom_pub.rsa_public_key);
+    }
+    GNUNET_free (mc->melts);
+  }
+  if (NULL != mc->denom_pubs)
+  {
+    for (i=0;i<mc->num_newcoins;i++)
+      if (NULL != mc->denom_pubs[i].rsa_public_key)
+        GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_public_key_free (mc->denom_pubs[i].rsa_public_key);
+    GNUNET_free (mc->denom_pubs);
+  }
+  for (k=0;k<TALER_CNC_KAPPA;k++)
+  {
+    if (NULL != mc->commit_coins[k])
+    {
+      for (i=0;i<mc->num_newcoins;i++)
+      {
+        GNUNET_free (mc->commit_coins[k][i].refresh_link);
+        GNUNET_free (mc->commit_coins[k][i].coin_ev);
+      }
+      GNUNET_free (mc->commit_coins[k]);
+    }
+    GNUNET_free_non_null (mc->commit_links[k]);
+  }
+  GNUNET_free (mc);
+}
+
+/* end of plugin_exchangedb_common.c */
diff --git a/src/exchangedb/plugin_exchangedb_postgres.c b/src/exchangedb/plugin_exchangedb_postgres.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0395c208e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/exchangedb/plugin_exchangedb_postgres.c
@@ -0,0 +1,4295 @@
+/*
+  This file is part of TALER
+  Copyright (C) 2014, 2015, 2016 GNUnet e.V.
+
+  TALER is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
+  terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
+  Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option) any later version.
+
+  TALER is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
+  WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
+  A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
+  TALER; see the file COPYING.  If not, If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>
+*/
+
+/**
+ * @file plugin_exchangedb_postgres.c
+ * @brief Low-level (statement-level) Postgres database access for the exchange
+ * @author Florian Dold
+ * @author Christian Grothoff
+ * @author Sree Harsha Totakura
+ */
+#include "platform.h"
+#include "taler_pq_lib.h"
+#include "taler_exchangedb_plugin.h"
+#include <pthread.h>
+#include <libpq-fe.h>
+
+#include "plugin_exchangedb_common.c"
+
+/**
+ * For testing / experiments, we set the Postgres schema to
+ * #TALER_TEMP_SCHEMA_NAME so we can easily purge everything
+ * associated with a test.  We *also* should use the database
+ * "talercheck" instead of "taler" for testing, but we're doing
+ * both: better safe than sorry.
+ */
+#define TALER_TEMP_SCHEMA_NAME "taler_temporary"
+
+/**
+ * Log a query error.
+ *
+ * @param result PQ result object of the query that failed
+ */
+#define QUERY_ERR(result)                          \
+  GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR, "Query failed at %s:%u: %s\n", __FILE__, __LINE__, PQresultErrorMessage (result))
+
+
+/**
+ * Log a really unexpected PQ error.
+ *
+ * @param result PQ result object of the PQ operation that failed
+ */
+#define BREAK_DB_ERR(result) do { \
+    GNUNET_break (0); \
+    GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR, "Database failure: %s\n", PQresultErrorMessage (result)); \
+  } while (0)
+
+
+/**
+ * Shorthand for exit jumps.  Logs the current line number
+ * and jumps to the "EXITIF_exit" label.
+ *
+ * @param cond condition that must be TRUE to exit with an error
+ */
+#define EXITIF(cond)                                              \
+  do {                                                            \
+    if (cond) { GNUNET_break (0); goto EXITIF_exit; }             \
+  } while (0)
+
+
+/**
+ * Execute an SQL statement and log errors on failure. Must be
+ * run in a function that has an "SQLEXEC_fail" label to jump
+ * to in case the SQL statement failed.
+ *
+ * @param conn database connection
+ * @param sql SQL statement to run
+ */
+#define SQLEXEC_(conn, sql)                                             \
+  do {                                                                  \
+    PGresult *result = PQexec (conn, sql);                              \
+    if (PGRES_COMMAND_OK != PQresultStatus (result))                    \
+    {                                                                   \
+      BREAK_DB_ERR (result);                                            \
+      PQclear (result);                                                 \
+      goto SQLEXEC_fail;                                                \
+    }                                                                   \
+    PQclear (result);                                                   \
+  } while (0)
+
+
+/**
+ * Run an SQL statement, ignoring errors and clearing the result.
+ *
+ * @param conn database connection
+ * @param sql SQL statement to run
+ */
+#define SQLEXEC_IGNORE_ERROR_(conn, sql)                                \
+  do {                                                                  \
+    PGresult *result = PQexec (conn, sql);                              \
+    PQclear (result);                                                   \
+  } while (0)
+
+
+/**
+ * Handle for a database session (per-thread, for transactions).
+ */
+struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session
+{
+  /**
+   * Postgres connection handle.
+   */
+  PGconn *conn;
+};
+
+
+/**
+ * Type of the "cls" argument given to each of the functions in
+ * our API.
+ */
+struct PostgresClosure
+{
+
+  /**
+   * Thread-local database connection.
+   * Contains a pointer to `PGconn` or NULL.
+   */
+  pthread_key_t db_conn_threadlocal;
+
+  /**
+   * Database connection string, as read from
+   * the configuration.
+   */
+  char *connection_cfg_str;
+};
+
+
+
+/**
+ * Set the given connection to use a temporary schema
+ *
+ * @param db the database connection
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK upon success; #GNUNET_SYSERR upon error
+ */
+static int
+set_temporary_schema (PGconn *db)
+{
+  SQLEXEC_(db,
+           "CREATE SCHEMA IF NOT EXISTS " TALER_TEMP_SCHEMA_NAME ";"
+           "SET search_path to " TALER_TEMP_SCHEMA_NAME ";");
+  return GNUNET_OK;
+ SQLEXEC_fail:
+  return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Drop the temporary taler schema.  This is only useful for testcases
+ *
+ * @param cls the `struct PostgresClosure` with the plugin-specific state
+ * @param session database session to use
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK upon success; #GNUNET_SYSERR upon failure
+ */
+static int
+postgres_drop_temporary (void *cls,
+                         struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session)
+{
+  GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_INFO,
+              "Dropping temporary tables\n");
+  SQLEXEC_ (session->conn,
+            "DROP SCHEMA " TALER_TEMP_SCHEMA_NAME " CASCADE;");
+  return GNUNET_OK;
+ SQLEXEC_fail:
+  return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Function called by libpq whenever it wants to log something.
+ * We already log whenever we care, so this function does nothing
+ * and merely exists to silence the libpq logging.
+ *
+ * @param arg NULL
+ * @param res information about some libpq event
+ */
+static void
+pq_notice_receiver_cb (void *arg,
+                       const PGresult *res)
+{
+  /* do nothing, intentionally */
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Function called by libpq whenever it wants to log something.
+ * We log those using the Taler logger.
+ *
+ * @param arg NULL
+ * @param message information about some libpq event
+ */
+static void
+pq_notice_processor_cb (void *arg,
+                        const char *message)
+{
+  GNUNET_log_from (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_INFO,
+                   "pq",
+                   "%s",
+                   message);
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Create the necessary tables if they are not present
+ *
+ * @param cls the `struct PostgresClosure` with the plugin-specific state
+ * @param temporary should we use a temporary schema
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK upon success; #GNUNET_SYSERR upon failure
+ */
+static int
+postgres_create_tables (void *cls,
+                        int temporary)
+{
+  struct PostgresClosure *pc = cls;
+  PGconn *conn;
+
+  conn = PQconnectdb (pc->connection_cfg_str);
+  if (CONNECTION_OK != PQstatus (conn))
+  {
+    TALER_LOG_ERROR ("Database connection failed: %s\n",
+                     PQerrorMessage (conn));
+    PQfinish (conn);
+    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  }
+  PQsetNoticeReceiver (conn,
+                       &pq_notice_receiver_cb,
+                       NULL);
+  PQsetNoticeProcessor (conn,
+                        &pq_notice_processor_cb,
+                        NULL);
+  if ( (GNUNET_YES == temporary) &&
+       (GNUNET_SYSERR == set_temporary_schema (conn)))
+  {
+    PQfinish (conn);
+    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  }
+#define SQLEXEC(sql) SQLEXEC_(conn, sql);
+#define SQLEXEC_INDEX(sql) SQLEXEC_IGNORE_ERROR_(conn, sql);
+  /* Denomination table for holding the publicly available information of
+     denominations keys.  The denominations are to be referred to by using
+     foreign keys.  The denominations are deleted by a housekeeping tool;
+     hence, do not use `ON DELETE CASCADE' on these rows in the tables
+     referencing these rows */
+  SQLEXEC ("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS denominations"
+           "(pub BYTEA PRIMARY KEY"
+           ",master_pub BYTEA NOT NULL CHECK (LENGTH(master_pub)=32)"
+           ",master_sig BYTEA NOT NULL CHECK (LENGTH(master_sig)=64)"
+           ",valid_from INT8 NOT NULL"
+           ",expire_withdraw INT8 NOT NULL"
+           ",expire_spend INT8 NOT NULL"
+           ",expire_legal INT8 NOT NULL"
+           ",coin_val INT8 NOT NULL" /* value of this denom */
+           ",coin_frac INT4 NOT NULL" /* fractional value of this denom */
+           ",coin_curr VARCHAR("TALER_CURRENCY_LEN_STR") NOT NULL" /* assuming same currency for fees */
+           ",fee_withdraw_val INT8 NOT NULL"
+           ",fee_withdraw_frac INT4 NOT NULL"
+           ",fee_withdraw_curr VARCHAR("TALER_CURRENCY_LEN_STR") NOT NULL"
+           ",fee_deposit_val INT8 NOT NULL"
+           ",fee_deposit_frac INT4 NOT NULL"
+           ",fee_deposit_curr VARCHAR("TALER_CURRENCY_LEN_STR") NOT NULL"
+           ",fee_refresh_val INT8 NOT NULL"
+           ",fee_refresh_frac INT4 NOT NULL"
+           ",fee_refresh_curr VARCHAR("TALER_CURRENCY_LEN_STR") NOT NULL"
+           ")");
+  /* reserves table is for summarization of a reserve.  It is updated when new
+     funds are added and existing funds are withdrawn.  The 'expiration_date'
+     can be used to eventually get rid of reserves that have not been used
+     for a very long time (either by refunding the owner or by greedily
+     grabbing the money, depending on the Exchange's terms of service) */
+  SQLEXEC ("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS reserves"
+           "(reserve_pub BYTEA PRIMARY KEY"
+           ",current_balance_val INT8 NOT NULL"
+           ",current_balance_frac INT4 NOT NULL"
+           ",current_balance_curr VARCHAR("TALER_CURRENCY_LEN_STR") NOT NULL"
+           ",expiration_date INT8 NOT NULL"
+           ")");
+  /* index on reserves table */
+  SQLEXEC_INDEX ("CREATE INDEX reserves_reserve_pub_index ON "
+                 "reserves (reserve_pub)");
+  /* reserves_in table collects the transactions which transfer funds
+     into the reserve.  The rows of this table correspond to each
+     incoming transaction. */
+  SQLEXEC("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS reserves_in"
+          "(reserve_pub BYTEA REFERENCES reserves (reserve_pub) ON DELETE CASCADE"
+          ",balance_val INT8 NOT NULL"
+          ",balance_frac INT4 NOT NULL"
+          ",balance_curr VARCHAR("TALER_CURRENCY_LEN_STR") NOT NULL"
+          ",details TEXT NOT NULL "
+          ",execution_date INT8 NOT NULL"
+          ",PRIMARY KEY (reserve_pub,details)"
+          ");");
+  /* Create indices on reserves_in */
+  SQLEXEC_INDEX ("CREATE INDEX reserves_in_reserve_pub_index"
+		 " ON reserves_in (reserve_pub);");
+  SQLEXEC_INDEX ("CREATE INDEX reserves_in_reserve_pub_details_index"
+		 " ON reserves_in (reserve_pub,details);");
+  SQLEXEC_INDEX ("CREATE INDEX execution_index"
+		 " ON reserves_in (execution_date);");
+  /* Table with the withdraw operations that have been performed on a reserve.
+     The 'h_blind_ev' is the hash of the blinded coin. It serves as a primary
+     key, as (broken) clients that use a non-random coin and blinding factor
+     should fail to even withdraw, as otherwise the coins will fail to deposit
+     (as they really must be unique). */
+  SQLEXEC ("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS reserves_out"
+           "(h_blind_ev BYTEA PRIMARY KEY"
+           ",denom_pub BYTEA NOT NULL REFERENCES denominations (pub)"
+           ",denom_sig BYTEA NOT NULL"
+           ",reserve_pub BYTEA NOT NULL CHECK (LENGTH(reserve_pub)=32) REFERENCES reserves (reserve_pub) ON DELETE CASCADE"
+           ",reserve_sig BYTEA NOT NULL CHECK (LENGTH(reserve_sig)=64)"
+           ",execution_date INT8 NOT NULL"
+           ",amount_with_fee_val INT8 NOT NULL"
+           ",amount_with_fee_frac INT4 NOT NULL"
+           ",amount_with_fee_curr VARCHAR("TALER_CURRENCY_LEN_STR") NOT NULL"
+           ",withdraw_fee_val INT8 NOT NULL"
+           ",withdraw_fee_frac INT4 NOT NULL"
+           ",withdraw_fee_curr VARCHAR("TALER_CURRENCY_LEN_STR") NOT NULL"
+           ");");
+  /* Index blindcoins(reserve_pub) for get_reserves_out statement */
+  SQLEXEC_INDEX ("CREATE INDEX reserves_out_reserve_pub_index ON"
+                 " reserves_out (reserve_pub)");
+  SQLEXEC_INDEX ("CREATE INDEX reserves_out_h_blind_ev_index ON "
+                 "reserves_out (h_blind_ev)");
+  /* Table with coins that have been (partially) spent, used to track
+     coin information only once. */
+  SQLEXEC("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS known_coins "
+          "(coin_pub BYTEA NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY"
+          ",denom_pub BYTEA NOT NULL REFERENCES denominations (pub)"
+          ",denom_sig BYTEA NOT NULL"
+          ")");
+  /**
+   * The DB will show negative values for some values of the following fields as
+   * we use them as 16 bit unsigned integers
+   *   @a num_oldcoins
+   *   @a num_newcoins
+   * Do not do arithmetic in SQL on these fields.
+   * NOTE: maybe we should instead forbid values >= 2^15 categorically?
+   */
+  SQLEXEC("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS refresh_sessions "
+          "(session_hash BYTEA PRIMARY KEY CHECK (LENGTH(session_hash)=64)"
+          ",num_oldcoins INT2 NOT NULL"
+          ",num_newcoins INT2 NOT NULL"
+          ",noreveal_index INT2 NOT NULL"
+          ")");
+  /* Table with coins that have been melted.  Gives the coin's public
+     key (coin_pub), the melting session, the index of this coin in that
+     session, the signature affirming the melting and the amount that
+     this coin contributed to the melting session.
+  */
+  SQLEXEC("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS refresh_melts "
+          "(coin_pub BYTEA NOT NULL REFERENCES known_coins (coin_pub)"
+          ",session_hash BYTEA NOT NULL REFERENCES refresh_sessions (session_hash)"
+          ",oldcoin_index INT2 NOT NULL"
+          ",coin_sig BYTEA NOT NULL CHECK(LENGTH(coin_sig)=64)"
+          ",amount_with_fee_val INT8 NOT NULL"
+          ",amount_with_fee_frac INT4 NOT NULL"
+          ",amount_with_fee_curr VARCHAR("TALER_CURRENCY_LEN_STR") NOT NULL"
+          ",melt_fee_val INT8 NOT NULL"
+          ",melt_fee_frac INT4 NOT NULL"
+          ",melt_fee_curr VARCHAR("TALER_CURRENCY_LEN_STR") NOT NULL"
+          ",PRIMARY KEY (session_hash, oldcoin_index)" /* a coin can be used only
+                                                 once in a refresh session */
+          ") ");
+  /* Table with information about the desired denominations to be created
+     during a refresh operation; contains the denomination key for each
+     of the coins (for a given refresh session) */
+  SQLEXEC("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS refresh_order "
+          "(session_hash BYTEA NOT NULL CHECK (LENGTH(session_hash)=64) REFERENCES refresh_sessions (session_hash)"
+          ",newcoin_index INT2 NOT NULL "
+          ",denom_pub BYTEA NOT NULL REFERENCES denominations (pub)"
+          ",PRIMARY KEY (session_hash, newcoin_index)"
+          ")");
+
+  /* Table with the commitments for a refresh operation; includes
+     the session_hash for which this is the link information, the
+     oldcoin index and the cut-and-choose index (from 0 to #TALER_CNC_KAPPA-1),
+     as well as the actual link data (the transfer public key and the encrypted
+     link secret).
+     NOTE: We might want to simplify this and not have the oldcoin_index
+     and instead store all link secrets, one after the other, in one big BYTEA.
+     (#3814) */
+  SQLEXEC("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS refresh_commit_link "
+          "(session_hash BYTEA NOT NULL REFERENCES refresh_sessions (session_hash)"
+          ",transfer_pub BYTEA NOT NULL CHECK(LENGTH(transfer_pub)=32)"
+          ",link_secret_enc BYTEA NOT NULL"
+          ",oldcoin_index INT2 NOT NULL"
+          ",cnc_index INT2 NOT NULL"
+          ")");
+  /* Table with the commitments for the new coins that are to be created
+     during a melting session.  Includes the session, the cut-and-choose
+     index and the index of the new coin, and the envelope of the new
+     coin to be signed, as well as the encrypted information about the
+     private key and the blinding factor for the coin (for verification
+     in case this cnc_index is chosen to be revealed)
+
+     NOTE: We might want to simplify this and not have the
+     newcoin_index and instead store all coin_evs and
+     link_vector_encs, one after the other, in two big BYTEAs.
+     (#3815) */
+  SQLEXEC("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS refresh_commit_coin "
+          "(session_hash BYTEA NOT NULL REFERENCES refresh_sessions (session_hash) "
+          ",cnc_index INT2 NOT NULL"
+          ",newcoin_index INT2 NOT NULL"
+          ",link_vector_enc BYTEA NOT NULL"
+          ",coin_ev BYTEA NOT NULL"
+          ")");
+  /* Table with the signatures over coins generated during a refresh
+     operation. Needed to answer /refresh/link queries later.  Stores
+     the coin signatures under the respective session hash and index. */
+  SQLEXEC("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS refresh_out "
+          "(session_hash BYTEA NOT NULL CHECK(LENGTH(session_hash)=64) REFERENCES refresh_sessions (session_hash) "
+          ",newcoin_index INT2 NOT NULL"
+          ",ev_sig BYTEA NOT NULL"
+          ")");
+  /* This table contains the wire transfers the exchange is supposed to
+     execute to transmit funds to the merchants (and manage refunds). */
+  SQLEXEC("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS deposits "
+          "(serial_id BIGSERIAL PRIMARY KEY"
+          ",coin_pub BYTEA NOT NULL CHECK (LENGTH(coin_pub)=32)"
+          ",denom_pub BYTEA NOT NULL REFERENCES denominations (pub)"
+          ",denom_sig BYTEA NOT NULL"
+          ",transaction_id INT8 NOT NULL"
+          ",amount_with_fee_val INT8 NOT NULL"
+          ",amount_with_fee_frac INT4 NOT NULL"
+          ",amount_with_fee_curr VARCHAR("TALER_CURRENCY_LEN_STR") NOT NULL"
+          ",deposit_fee_val INT8 NOT NULL"
+          ",deposit_fee_frac INT4 NOT NULL"
+          ",deposit_fee_curr VARCHAR("TALER_CURRENCY_LEN_STR") NOT NULL"
+          ",timestamp INT8 NOT NULL"
+          ",refund_deadline INT8 NOT NULL"
+          ",wire_deadline INT8 NOT NULL"
+          ",merchant_pub BYTEA NOT NULL CHECK (LENGTH(merchant_pub)=32)"
+          ",h_contract BYTEA NOT NULL CHECK (LENGTH(h_contract)=64)"
+          ",h_wire BYTEA NOT NULL CHECK (LENGTH(h_wire)=64)"
+          ",coin_sig BYTEA NOT NULL CHECK (LENGTH(coin_sig)=64)"
+          ",wire TEXT NOT NULL"
+          ",tiny BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT false"
+          ",done BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT false"
+          ")");
+  /* Index for get_deposit statement on coin_pub, transaction_id and merchant_pub */
+  SQLEXEC_INDEX("CREATE INDEX deposits_coin_pub_index "
+                "ON deposits(coin_pub, transaction_id, merchant_pub)");
+  /* Table for the tracking API, mapping from wire transfer identifiers
+     to transactions and back */
+  SQLEXEC("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS aggregation_tracking "
+          "(h_contract BYTEA CHECK (LENGTH(h_contract)=64)"
+          ",h_wire BYTEA CHECK (LENGTH(h_wire)=64)"
+          ",coin_pub BYTEA NOT NULL CHECK (LENGTH(coin_pub)=32)"
+          ",merchant_pub BYTEA NOT NULL CHECK (LENGTH(merchant_pub)=32)"
+          ",transaction_id INT8 NOT NULL"
+          ",wtid_raw BYTEA NOT NULL CHECK (LENGTH(merchant_pub)=" TALER_WIRE_TRANSFER_IDENTIFIER_LEN_STR ")"
+          ",execution_time INT8 NOT NULL"
+          ",coin_amount_val INT8 NOT NULL"
+          ",coin_amount_frac INT4 NOT NULL"
+          ",coin_amount_curr VARCHAR("TALER_CURRENCY_LEN_STR") NOT NULL"
+          ",coin_fee_val INT8 NOT NULL"
+          ",coin_fee_frac INT4 NOT NULL"
+          ",coin_fee_curr VARCHAR("TALER_CURRENCY_LEN_STR") NOT NULL"
+          ")");
+  /* Index for lookup_transactions statement on wtid */
+  SQLEXEC_INDEX("CREATE INDEX aggregation_tracking_wtid_index "
+                "ON aggregation_tracking(wtid_raw)");
+  /* Index for lookup_deposit_wtid statement */
+  SQLEXEC_INDEX("CREATE INDEX aggregation_tracking_deposit_index "
+                "ON aggregation_tracking(coin_pub,h_contract,h_wire,transaction_id,merchant_pub)");
+
+  /* This table contains the pre-commit data for
+     wire transfers the exchange is about to execute. */
+  SQLEXEC("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS prewire "
+          "(serial_id BIGSERIAL PRIMARY KEY"
+          ",type TEXT NOT NULL"
+          ",finished BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT false"
+          ",buf BYTEA NOT NULL"
+          ")");
+  /* Index for prepare_data_iterate statement */
+  SQLEXEC_INDEX("CREATE INDEX prepare_iteration_index "
+                "ON prewire(type,finished)");
+
+
+#undef SQLEXEC
+#undef SQLEXEC_INDEX
+
+  PQfinish (conn);
+  return GNUNET_OK;
+
+ SQLEXEC_fail:
+  PQfinish (conn);
+  return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Setup prepared statements.
+ *
+ * @param db_conn connection handle to initialize
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK on success, #GNUNET_SYSERR on failure
+ */
+static int
+postgres_prepare (PGconn *db_conn)
+{
+  PGresult *result;
+
+#define PREPARE(name, sql, ...)                                 \
+  do {                                                          \
+    result = PQprepare (db_conn, name, sql, __VA_ARGS__);       \
+    if (PGRES_COMMAND_OK != PQresultStatus (result))            \
+    {                                                           \
+      BREAK_DB_ERR (result);                                    \
+      PQclear (result); result = NULL;                          \
+      return GNUNET_SYSERR;                                     \
+    }                                                           \
+    PQclear (result); result = NULL;                            \
+  } while (0);
+
+  /* Used in #postgres_insert_denomination_info() */
+  PREPARE ("denomination_insert",
+           "INSERT INTO denominations "
+           "(pub"
+           ",master_pub"
+           ",master_sig"
+           ",valid_from"
+           ",expire_withdraw"
+           ",expire_spend"
+           ",expire_legal"
+           ",coin_val" /* value of this denom */
+           ",coin_frac" /* fractional value of this denom */
+           ",coin_curr" /* assuming same currency for fees */
+           ",fee_withdraw_val"
+           ",fee_withdraw_frac"
+           ",fee_withdraw_curr" /* must match coin_curr */
+           ",fee_deposit_val"
+           ",fee_deposit_frac"
+           ",fee_deposit_curr"  /* must match coin_curr */
+           ",fee_refresh_val"
+           ",fee_refresh_frac"
+           ",fee_refresh_curr" /* must match coin_curr */
+           ") VALUES "
+           "($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8, $9, $10,"
+           " $11, $12, $13, $14, $15, $16, $17, $18, $19);",
+           19, NULL);
+
+  /* Used in #postgres_get_denomination_info() */
+  PREPARE ("denomination_get",
+           "SELECT"
+           " master_pub"
+           ",master_sig"
+           ",valid_from"
+           ",expire_withdraw"
+           ",expire_spend"
+           ",expire_legal"
+           ",coin_val"  /* value of this denom */
+           ",coin_frac" /* fractional value of this denom */
+           ",coin_curr" /* assuming same currency for fees */
+           ",fee_withdraw_val"
+           ",fee_withdraw_frac"
+           ",fee_withdraw_curr" /* must match coin_curr */
+           ",fee_deposit_val"
+           ",fee_deposit_frac"
+           ",fee_deposit_curr"  /* must match coin_curr */
+           ",fee_refresh_val"
+           ",fee_refresh_frac"
+           ",fee_refresh_curr" /* must match coin_curr */
+           " FROM denominations"
+           " WHERE pub=$1;",
+           1, NULL);
+
+  /* Used in #postgres_reserve_get() */
+  PREPARE ("reserve_get",
+           "SELECT"
+           " current_balance_val"
+           ",current_balance_frac"
+           ",current_balance_curr"
+           ",expiration_date"
+           " FROM reserves"
+           " WHERE reserve_pub=$1"
+           " LIMIT 1;",
+           1, NULL);
+
+  /* Used in #postgres_reserves_in_insert() when the reserve is new */
+  PREPARE ("reserve_create",
+           "INSERT INTO reserves "
+           "(reserve_pub"
+           ",current_balance_val"
+           ",current_balance_frac"
+           ",current_balance_curr"
+           ",expiration_date"
+           ") VALUES "
+           "($1, $2, $3, $4, $5);",
+           5, NULL);
+
+  /* Used in #postgres_reserves_update() when the reserve is updated */
+  PREPARE ("reserve_update",
+           "UPDATE reserves"
+           " SET"
+           " expiration_date=$1 "
+           ",current_balance_val=$2 "
+           ",current_balance_frac=$3 "
+           "WHERE current_balance_curr=$4 AND reserve_pub=$5",
+           5, NULL);
+
+  /* Used in #postgres_reserves_in_insert() to store transaction details */
+  PREPARE ("reserves_in_add_transaction",
+           "INSERT INTO reserves_in "
+           "(reserve_pub"
+           ",balance_val"
+           ",balance_frac"
+           ",balance_curr"
+           ",details"
+           ",execution_date"
+           ") VALUES "
+           "($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6);",
+           6, NULL);
+
+  /* Used in #postgres_get_reserve_history() to obtain inbound transactions
+     for a reserve */
+  PREPARE ("reserves_in_get_transactions",
+           "SELECT"
+           " balance_val"
+           ",balance_frac"
+           ",balance_curr"
+           ",execution_date"
+           ",details"
+           " FROM reserves_in"
+           " WHERE reserve_pub=$1",
+           1, NULL);
+
+  /* Used in #postgres_insert_withdraw_info() to store
+     the signature of a blinded coin with the blinded coin's
+     details before returning it during /reserve/withdraw. We store
+     the coin's denomination information (public key, signature)
+     and the blinded message as well as the reserve that the coin
+     is being withdrawn from and the signature of the message
+     authorizing the withdrawal. */
+  PREPARE ("insert_withdraw_info",
+           "INSERT INTO reserves_out "
+           "(h_blind_ev"
+           ",denom_pub"
+           ",denom_sig"
+           ",reserve_pub"
+           ",reserve_sig"
+           ",execution_date"
+           ",amount_with_fee_val"
+           ",amount_with_fee_frac"
+           ",amount_with_fee_curr"
+           ",withdraw_fee_val"
+           ",withdraw_fee_frac"
+           ",withdraw_fee_curr"
+           ") VALUES "
+           "($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8, $9, $10, $11, $12);",
+           12, NULL);
+
+  /* Used in #postgres_get_withdraw_info() to
+     locate the response for a /reserve/withdraw request
+     using the hash of the blinded message.  Used to
+     make sure /reserve/withdraw requests are idempotent. */
+  PREPARE ("get_withdraw_info",
+           "SELECT"
+           " denom_pub"
+           ",denom_sig"
+           ",reserve_sig"
+           ",reserve_pub"
+           ",execution_date"
+           ",amount_with_fee_val"
+           ",amount_with_fee_frac"
+           ",amount_with_fee_curr"
+           ",withdraw_fee_val"
+           ",withdraw_fee_frac"
+           ",withdraw_fee_curr"
+           " FROM reserves_out"
+           " WHERE h_blind_ev=$1",
+           1, NULL);
+
+  /* Used during #postgres_get_reserve_history() to
+     obtain all of the /reserve/withdraw operations that
+     have been performed on a given reserve. (i.e. to
+     demonstrate double-spending) */
+  PREPARE ("get_reserves_out",
+           "SELECT"
+           " h_blind_ev"
+           ",denom_pub"
+           ",denom_sig"
+           ",reserve_sig"
+           ",execution_date"
+           ",amount_with_fee_val"
+           ",amount_with_fee_frac"
+           ",amount_with_fee_curr"
+           ",withdraw_fee_val"
+           ",withdraw_fee_frac"
+           ",withdraw_fee_curr"
+           " FROM reserves_out"
+           " WHERE reserve_pub=$1;",
+           1, NULL);
+
+  /* Used in #postgres_get_refresh_session() to fetch
+     high-level information about a refresh session */
+  PREPARE ("get_refresh_session",
+           "SELECT"
+           " num_oldcoins"
+           ",num_newcoins"
+           ",noreveal_index"
+           " FROM refresh_sessions "
+           " WHERE session_hash=$1 ",
+           1, NULL);
+
+  /* Used in #postgres_create_refresh_session() to store
+     high-level information about a refresh session */
+  PREPARE ("insert_refresh_session",
+           "INSERT INTO refresh_sessions "
+           "(session_hash "
+           ",num_oldcoins "
+           ",num_newcoins "
+           ",noreveal_index "
+           ") VALUES "
+           "($1, $2, $3, $4);",
+           4, NULL);
+
+  /* Used in #postgres_get_known_coin() to fetch
+     the denomination public key and signature for
+     a coin known to the exchange. */
+  PREPARE ("get_known_coin",
+           "SELECT"
+           " denom_pub"
+           ",denom_sig"
+           " FROM known_coins"
+           " WHERE coin_pub=$1",
+           1, NULL);
+
+  /* Used in #postgres_insert_known_coin() to store
+     the denomination public key and signature for
+     a coin known to the exchange. */
+  PREPARE ("insert_known_coin",
+           "INSERT INTO known_coins "
+           "(coin_pub"
+           ",denom_pub"
+           ",denom_sig"
+           ") VALUES "
+           "($1,$2,$3);",
+           3, NULL);
+
+  /* Store information about the desired denominations for a
+     refresh operation, used in #postgres_insert_refresh_order() */
+  PREPARE ("insert_refresh_order",
+           "INSERT INTO refresh_order "
+           "(newcoin_index "
+           ",session_hash "
+           ",denom_pub "
+           ") VALUES "
+           "($1, $2, $3);",
+           3, NULL);
+
+  /* Obtain information about the desired denominations for a
+     refresh operation, used in #postgres_get_refresh_order() */
+  PREPARE ("get_refresh_order",
+           "SELECT denom_pub"
+           " FROM refresh_order"
+           " WHERE session_hash=$1 AND newcoin_index=$2",
+           2, NULL);
+
+  /* Used in #postgres_insert_refresh_melt to store information
+     about melted coins */
+  PREPARE ("insert_refresh_melt",
+           "INSERT INTO refresh_melts "
+           "(coin_pub "
+           ",session_hash"
+           ",oldcoin_index "
+           ",coin_sig "
+           ",amount_with_fee_val "
+           ",amount_with_fee_frac "
+           ",amount_with_fee_curr "
+           ",melt_fee_val "
+           ",melt_fee_frac "
+           ",melt_fee_curr "
+           ") VALUES "
+           "($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8, $9, $10);",
+           10, NULL);
+
+  /* Used in #postgres_get_refresh_melt to obtain information
+     about melted coins */
+  PREPARE ("get_refresh_melt",
+           "SELECT"
+           " coin_pub"
+           ",coin_sig"
+           ",amount_with_fee_val"
+           ",amount_with_fee_frac"
+           ",amount_with_fee_curr"
+           ",melt_fee_val "
+           ",melt_fee_frac "
+           ",melt_fee_curr "
+           " FROM refresh_melts"
+           " WHERE session_hash=$1 AND oldcoin_index=$2",
+           2, NULL);
+
+  /* Query the 'refresh_melts' by coin public key */
+  PREPARE ("get_refresh_melt_by_coin",
+           "SELECT"
+           " session_hash"
+           /* ",oldcoin_index" // not needed */
+           ",coin_sig"
+           ",amount_with_fee_val"
+           ",amount_with_fee_frac"
+           ",amount_with_fee_curr"
+           ",melt_fee_val "
+           ",melt_fee_frac "
+           ",melt_fee_curr "
+           " FROM refresh_melts"
+           " WHERE coin_pub=$1",
+           1, NULL);
+
+  /* Used in #postgres_insert_refresh_commit_links() to
+     store commitments */
+  PREPARE ("insert_refresh_commit_link",
+           "INSERT INTO refresh_commit_link "
+           "(session_hash"
+           ",transfer_pub"
+           ",cnc_index"
+           ",oldcoin_index"
+           ",link_secret_enc"
+           ") VALUES "
+           "($1, $2, $3, $4, $5);",
+           5, NULL);
+
+  /* Used in #postgres_get_refresh_commit_links() to
+     retrieve original commitments during /refresh/reveal */
+  PREPARE ("get_refresh_commit_link",
+           "SELECT"
+           " transfer_pub"
+           ",link_secret_enc"
+           " FROM refresh_commit_link"
+           " WHERE session_hash=$1 AND cnc_index=$2 AND oldcoin_index=$3",
+           3, NULL);
+
+  /* Used in #postgres_insert_refresh_commit_coins() to
+     store coin commitments. */
+  PREPARE ("insert_refresh_commit_coin",
+           "INSERT INTO refresh_commit_coin "
+           "(session_hash"
+           ",cnc_index"
+           ",newcoin_index"
+           ",link_vector_enc"
+           ",coin_ev"
+           ") VALUES "
+           "($1, $2, $3, $4, $5);",
+           5, NULL);
+
+  /* Used in #postgres_get_refresh_commit_coins() to
+     retrieve the original coin envelopes, to either be
+     verified or signed. */
+  PREPARE ("get_refresh_commit_coin",
+           "SELECT"
+           " link_vector_enc"
+           ",coin_ev"
+           " FROM refresh_commit_coin"
+           " WHERE session_hash=$1 AND cnc_index=$2 AND newcoin_index=$3",
+           3, NULL);
+
+  /* Store information about a /deposit the exchange is to execute.
+     Used in #postgres_insert_deposit(). */
+  PREPARE ("insert_deposit",
+           "INSERT INTO deposits "
+           "(coin_pub"
+           ",denom_pub"
+           ",denom_sig"
+           ",transaction_id"
+           ",amount_with_fee_val"
+           ",amount_with_fee_frac"
+           ",amount_with_fee_curr"
+           ",deposit_fee_val"
+           ",deposit_fee_frac"
+           ",deposit_fee_curr"
+           ",timestamp"
+           ",refund_deadline"
+           ",wire_deadline"
+           ",merchant_pub"
+           ",h_contract"
+           ",h_wire"
+           ",coin_sig"
+           ",wire"
+           ") VALUES "
+           "($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8, $9, $10,"
+           " $11, $12, $13, $14, $15, $16, $17, $18);",
+           18, NULL);
+
+  /* Fetch an existing deposit request, used to ensure idempotency
+     during /deposit processing. Used in #postgres_have_deposit(). */
+  PREPARE ("get_deposit",
+           "SELECT"
+           " amount_with_fee_val"
+           ",amount_with_fee_frac"
+           ",amount_with_fee_curr"
+           ",timestamp"
+           ",refund_deadline"
+           ",wire_deadline"
+           ",h_contract"
+           ",h_wire"
+           " FROM deposits"
+           " WHERE ("
+           "  (coin_pub=$1) AND"
+           "  (transaction_id=$2) AND"
+           "  (merchant_pub=$3)"
+           " )",
+           3, NULL);
+
+  /* Fetch an existing deposit request.
+     Used in #postgres_wire_lookup_deposit_wtid(). */
+  PREPARE ("get_deposit_for_wtid",
+           "SELECT"
+           " amount_with_fee_val"
+           ",amount_with_fee_frac"
+           ",amount_with_fee_curr"
+           ",deposit_fee_val"
+           ",deposit_fee_frac"
+           ",deposit_fee_curr"
+           ",wire_deadline"
+           " FROM deposits"
+           " WHERE ("
+           "  (coin_pub=$1) AND"
+           "  (transaction_id=$2) AND"
+           "  (merchant_pub=$3) AND"
+           "  (h_contract=$4) AND"
+           "  (h_wire=$5)"
+           " )",
+           5, NULL);
+
+  /* Used in #postgres_get_ready_deposit() */
+  PREPARE ("deposits_get_ready",
+           "SELECT"
+           " serial_id"
+           ",amount_with_fee_val"
+           ",amount_with_fee_frac"
+           ",amount_with_fee_curr"
+           ",deposit_fee_val"
+           ",deposit_fee_frac"
+           ",deposit_fee_curr"
+           ",wire_deadline"
+           ",transaction_id"
+           ",h_contract"
+           ",wire"
+           ",merchant_pub"
+           ",coin_pub"
+           " FROM deposits"
+           " WHERE"
+           " tiny=false AND"
+           " done=false"
+           " ORDER BY wire_deadline ASC"
+           " LIMIT 1;",
+           0, NULL);
+
+  /* Used in #postgres_iterate_matching_deposits() */
+  PREPARE ("deposits_iterate_matching",
+           "SELECT"
+           " serial_id"
+           ",amount_with_fee_val"
+           ",amount_with_fee_frac"
+           ",amount_with_fee_curr"
+           ",deposit_fee_val"
+           ",deposit_fee_frac"
+           ",deposit_fee_curr"
+           ",wire_deadline"
+           ",transaction_id"
+           ",h_contract"
+           ",coin_pub"
+           " FROM deposits"
+           " WHERE"
+           " merchant_pub=$1 AND"
+           " h_wire=$2 AND"
+           " done=false"
+           " ORDER BY wire_deadline ASC"
+           " LIMIT $3",
+           3, NULL);
+
+  /* Used in #postgres_mark_deposit_tiny() */
+  PREPARE ("mark_deposit_tiny",
+           "UPDATE deposits"
+           " SET tiny=true"
+           " WHERE serial_id=$1",
+           1, NULL);
+
+  /* Used in #postgres_mark_deposit_done() */
+  PREPARE ("mark_deposit_done",
+           "UPDATE deposits"
+           " SET done=true"
+           " WHERE serial_id=$1",
+           1, NULL);
+
+  /* Used in #postgres_get_coin_transactions() to obtain information
+     about how a coin has been spend with /deposit requests. */
+  PREPARE ("get_deposit_with_coin_pub",
+           "SELECT"
+           " denom_pub"
+           ",denom_sig"
+           ",transaction_id"
+           ",amount_with_fee_val"
+           ",amount_with_fee_frac"
+           ",amount_with_fee_curr"
+           ",deposit_fee_val"
+           ",deposit_fee_frac"
+           ",deposit_fee_curr"
+           ",timestamp"
+           ",refund_deadline"
+           ",merchant_pub"
+           ",h_contract"
+           ",h_wire"
+           ",wire"
+           ",coin_sig"
+           " FROM deposits"
+           " WHERE coin_pub=$1",
+           1, NULL);
+
+  /* Used in #postgres_insert_refresh_out() to store the
+     generated signature(s) for future requests, i.e. /refresh/link */
+  PREPARE ("insert_refresh_out",
+           "INSERT INTO refresh_out "
+           "(session_hash"
+           ",newcoin_index"
+           ",ev_sig"
+           ") VALUES "
+           "($1, $2, $3)",
+           3, NULL);
+
+  /* Used in #postgres_get_link_data_list().  We use the session_hash
+     to obtain the "noreveal_index" for that session, and then select
+     the encrypted link vectors (link_vector_enc) and the
+     corresponding signatures (ev_sig) and the denomination keys from
+     the respective tables (namely refresh_melts and refresh_order)
+     using the session_hash as the primary filter (on join) and the
+     'noreveal_index' to constrain the selection on the commitment.
+     We also want to get the triplet for each of the newcoins, so we
+     have another constraint to ensure we get each triplet with
+     matching "newcoin_index" values.  NOTE: This may return many
+     results, both for different sessions and for the different coins
+     being exchangeed in the refresh ops.  NOTE: There may be more
+     efficient ways to express the same query.  */
+  PREPARE ("get_link",
+           "SELECT link_vector_enc,ev_sig,ro.denom_pub"
+           " FROM refresh_melts rm "
+           "     JOIN refresh_order ro USING (session_hash)"
+           "     JOIN refresh_commit_coin rcc USING (session_hash)"
+           "     JOIN refresh_sessions rs USING (session_hash)"
+           "     JOIN refresh_out rc USING (session_hash)"
+           " WHERE ro.session_hash=$1"
+           "  AND ro.newcoin_index=rcc.newcoin_index"
+           "  AND ro.newcoin_index=rc.newcoin_index"
+           "  AND rcc.cnc_index=rs.noreveal_index",
+           1, NULL);
+
+  /* Used in #postgres_get_transfer().  Given the public key of a
+     melted coin, we obtain the corresponding encrypted link secret
+     and the transfer public key.  This is done by first finding
+     the session_hash(es) of all sessions the coin was melted into,
+     and then constraining the result to the selected "noreveal_index"
+     and the transfer public key to the corresponding index of the
+     old coin.
+     NOTE: This may (in theory) return multiple results, one per session
+     that the old coin was melted into. */
+  PREPARE ("get_transfer",
+           "SELECT transfer_pub,link_secret_enc,session_hash"
+           " FROM refresh_melts rm"
+           "     JOIN refresh_commit_link rcl USING (session_hash)"
+           "     JOIN refresh_sessions rs USING (session_hash)"
+           " WHERE rm.coin_pub=$1"
+           "  AND rm.oldcoin_index = rcl.oldcoin_index"
+           "  AND rcl.cnc_index=rs.noreveal_index",
+           1, NULL);
+
+  /* Used in #postgres_lookup_wire_transfer */
+  PREPARE ("lookup_transactions",
+           "SELECT"
+           " h_contract"
+           ",h_wire"
+           ",coin_pub"
+           ",merchant_pub"
+           ",transaction_id"
+           ",execution_time"
+           ",coin_amount_val"
+           ",coin_amount_frac"
+           ",coin_amount_curr"
+           ",coin_fee_val"
+           ",coin_fee_frac"
+           ",coin_fee_curr"
+           " FROM aggregation_tracking"
+           " WHERE wtid_raw=$1",
+           1, NULL);
+
+  /* Used in #postgres_wire_lookup_deposit_wtid */
+  PREPARE ("lookup_deposit_wtid",
+           "SELECT"
+           " wtid_raw"
+           ",execution_time"
+           ",coin_amount_val"
+           ",coin_amount_frac"
+           ",coin_amount_curr"
+           ",coin_fee_val"
+           ",coin_fee_frac"
+           ",coin_fee_curr"
+           " FROM aggregation_tracking"
+           " WHERE"
+           " coin_pub=$1 AND"
+           " h_contract=$2 AND"
+           " h_wire=$3 AND"
+           " transaction_id=$4 AND"
+           " merchant_pub=$5",
+           5, NULL);
+
+  /* Used in #postgres_insert_aggregation_tracking */
+  PREPARE ("insert_aggregation_tracking",
+           "INSERT INTO aggregation_tracking "
+           "(h_contract"
+           ",h_wire"
+           ",coin_pub"
+           ",merchant_pub"
+           ",transaction_id"
+           ",wtid_raw"
+           ",execution_time"
+           ",coin_amount_val"
+           ",coin_amount_frac"
+           ",coin_amount_curr"
+           ",coin_fee_val"
+           ",coin_fee_frac"
+           ",coin_fee_curr"
+           ") VALUES "
+           "($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8, $9, $10, $11, $12, $13)",
+           13, NULL);
+
+
+  /* Used in #postgres_wire_prepare_data_insert() to store
+     wire transfer information before actually committing it with the bank */
+  PREPARE ("wire_prepare_data_insert",
+           "INSERT INTO prewire "
+           "(type"
+           ",buf"
+           ") VALUES "
+           "($1, $2)",
+           2, NULL);
+
+  /* Used in #postgres_wire_prepare_data_mark_finished() */
+  PREPARE ("wire_prepare_data_mark_done",
+           "UPDATE prewire"
+           " SET finished=true"
+           " WHERE serial_id=$1",
+           1, NULL);
+
+  /* Used in #postgres_wire_prepare_data_get() */
+  PREPARE ("wire_prepare_data_get",
+           "SELECT"
+           " serial_id"
+           ",buf"
+           " FROM prewire"
+           " WHERE"
+           " type=$1 AND"
+           " finished=false"
+           " ORDER BY serial_id ASC"
+           " LIMIT 1",
+           1, NULL);
+
+  return GNUNET_OK;
+#undef PREPARE
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Close thread-local database connection when a thread is destroyed.
+ *
+ * @param cls closure we get from pthreads (the db handle)
+ */
+static void
+db_conn_destroy (void *cls)
+{
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session = cls;
+  PGconn *db_conn = session->conn;
+
+  if (NULL != db_conn)
+    PQfinish (db_conn);
+  GNUNET_free (session);
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Get the thread-local database-handle.
+ * Connect to the db if the connection does not exist yet.
+ *
+ * @param cls the `struct PostgresClosure` with the plugin-specific state
+ * @param temporary #GNUNET_YES to use a temporary schema; #GNUNET_NO to use the
+ *        database default one
+ * @return the database connection, or NULL on error
+ */
+static struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *
+postgres_get_session (void *cls,
+                      int temporary)
+{
+  struct PostgresClosure *pc = cls;
+  PGconn *db_conn;
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session;
+
+  if (NULL != (session = pthread_getspecific (pc->db_conn_threadlocal)))
+    return session;
+  db_conn = PQconnectdb (pc->connection_cfg_str);
+  if (CONNECTION_OK !=
+      PQstatus (db_conn))
+  {
+    TALER_LOG_ERROR ("Database connection failed: %s\n",
+                     PQerrorMessage (db_conn));
+    GNUNET_break (0);
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  PQsetNoticeReceiver (db_conn,
+                       &pq_notice_receiver_cb,
+                       NULL);
+  PQsetNoticeProcessor (db_conn,
+                        &pq_notice_processor_cb,
+                        NULL);
+  if ( (GNUNET_YES == temporary) &&
+       (GNUNET_SYSERR == set_temporary_schema(db_conn)) )
+  {
+    GNUNET_break (0);
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  if (GNUNET_OK !=
+      postgres_prepare (db_conn))
+  {
+    GNUNET_break (0);
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  session = GNUNET_new (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session);
+  session->conn = db_conn;
+  if (0 != pthread_setspecific (pc->db_conn_threadlocal,
+                                session))
+  {
+    GNUNET_break (0);
+    PQfinish (db_conn);
+    GNUNET_free (session);
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  return session;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Start a transaction.
+ *
+ * @param cls the `struct PostgresClosure` with the plugin-specific state
+ * @param session the database connection
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK on success
+ */
+static int
+postgres_start (void *cls,
+                struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session)
+{
+  PGresult *result;
+
+  result = PQexec (session->conn,
+                   "BEGIN");
+  if (PGRES_COMMAND_OK !=
+      PQresultStatus (result))
+  {
+    TALER_LOG_ERROR ("Failed to start transaction: %s\n",
+               PQresultErrorMessage (result));
+    GNUNET_break (0);
+    PQclear (result);
+    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  }
+
+  PQclear (result);
+  return GNUNET_OK;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Roll back the current transaction of a database connection.
+ *
+ * @param cls the `struct PostgresClosure` with the plugin-specific state
+ * @param session the database connection
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK on success
+ */
+static void
+postgres_rollback (void *cls,
+                   struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session)
+{
+  PGresult *result;
+
+  result = PQexec (session->conn,
+                   "ROLLBACK");
+  GNUNET_break (PGRES_COMMAND_OK ==
+                PQresultStatus (result));
+  PQclear (result);
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Commit the current transaction of a database connection.
+ *
+ * @param cls the `struct PostgresClosure` with the plugin-specific state
+ * @param session the database connection
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK on success
+ */
+static int
+postgres_commit (void *cls,
+                 struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session)
+{
+  PGresult *result;
+
+  result = PQexec (session->conn,
+                   "COMMIT");
+  if (PGRES_COMMAND_OK !=
+      PQresultStatus (result))
+  {
+    const char *sqlstate;
+
+    sqlstate = PQresultErrorField (result,
+                                   PG_DIAG_SQLSTATE);
+    if (NULL == sqlstate)
+    {
+      /* very unexpected... */
+      GNUNET_break (0);
+      PQclear (result);
+      return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+    }
+    /* 40P01: deadlock, 40001: serialization failure */
+    if ( (0 == strcmp (sqlstate,
+                       "40P01")) ||
+         (0 == strcmp (sqlstate,
+                       "40001")) )
+    {
+      /* These two can be retried and have a fair chance of working
+         the next time */
+      PQclear (result);
+      return GNUNET_NO;
+    }
+    GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                "Database commit failure: %s\n",
+                sqlstate);
+    PQclear (result);
+    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  }
+  PQclear (result);
+  return GNUNET_OK;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Insert a denomination key's public information into the database for
+ * reference by auditors and other consistency checks.
+ *
+ * @param cls the @e cls of this struct with the plugin-specific state
+ * @param session connection to use
+ * @param denom_pub the public key used for signing coins of this denomination
+ * @param issue issuing information with value, fees and other info about the coin
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK on success; #GNUNET_SYSERR on failure
+ */
+static int
+postgres_insert_denomination_info (void *cls,
+                                   struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session,
+                                   const struct TALER_DenominationPublicKey *denom_pub,
+                                   const struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DenominationKeyInformationP *issue)
+{
+  PGresult *result;
+  int ret;
+
+  struct GNUNET_PQ_QueryParam params[] = {
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_rsa_public_key (denom_pub->rsa_public_key),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (&issue->properties.master),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (&issue->signature),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_absolute_time_nbo (&issue->properties.start),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_absolute_time_nbo (&issue->properties.expire_withdraw),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_absolute_time_nbo (&issue->properties.expire_spend),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_absolute_time_nbo (&issue->properties.expire_legal),
+    TALER_PQ_query_param_amount_nbo (&issue->properties.value),
+    TALER_PQ_query_param_amount_nbo (&issue->properties.fee_withdraw),
+    TALER_PQ_query_param_amount_nbo (&issue->properties.fee_deposit),
+    TALER_PQ_query_param_amount_nbo (&issue->properties.fee_refresh),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_end
+  };
+  /* check fees match coin currency */
+  GNUNET_assert (GNUNET_YES ==
+                 TALER_amount_cmp_currency_nbo (&issue->properties.value,
+                                                &issue->properties.fee_withdraw));
+  GNUNET_assert (GNUNET_YES ==
+                 TALER_amount_cmp_currency_nbo (&issue->properties.value,
+                                                &issue->properties.fee_deposit));
+  GNUNET_assert (GNUNET_YES ==
+                 TALER_amount_cmp_currency_nbo (&issue->properties.value,
+                                                &issue->properties.fee_refresh));
+
+  result = GNUNET_PQ_exec_prepared (session->conn,
+                                   "denomination_insert",
+                                   params);
+  if (PGRES_COMMAND_OK != PQresultStatus (result))
+  {
+    ret = GNUNET_SYSERR;
+    BREAK_DB_ERR (result);
+  }
+  else
+  {
+    ret = GNUNET_OK;
+  }
+  PQclear (result);
+  return ret;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Fetch information about a denomination key.
+ *
+ * @param cls the @e cls of this struct with the plugin-specific state
+ * @param session connection to use
+ * @param denom_pub the public key used for signing coins of this denomination
+ * @param[out] issue set to issue information with value, fees and other info about the coin, can be NULL
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK on success; #GNUNET_NO if no record was found, #GNUNET_SYSERR on failure
+ */
+static int
+postgres_get_denomination_info (void *cls,
+                                struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session,
+                                const struct TALER_DenominationPublicKey *denom_pub,
+                                struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DenominationKeyInformationP *issue)
+{
+  PGresult *result;
+  struct GNUNET_PQ_QueryParam params[] = {
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_rsa_public_key (denom_pub->rsa_public_key),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_end
+  };
+
+  result = GNUNET_PQ_exec_prepared (session->conn,
+                                   "denomination_get",
+                                   params);
+  if (PGRES_TUPLES_OK != PQresultStatus (result))
+  {
+    QUERY_ERR (result);
+    PQclear (result);
+    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  }
+  if (0 == PQntuples (result))
+  {
+    PQclear (result);
+    return GNUNET_NO;
+  }
+  if (1 != PQntuples (result))
+  {
+    GNUNET_break (0);
+    PQclear (result);
+    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  }
+  if (NULL == issue)
+  {
+    PQclear (result);
+    return GNUNET_OK;
+  }
+  {
+    struct GNUNET_PQ_ResultSpec rs[] = {
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_auto_from_type ("master_pub",
+                                           &issue->properties.master),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_auto_from_type ("master_sig",
+                                           &issue->signature),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_absolute_time_nbo ("valid_from",
+                                              &issue->properties.start),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_absolute_time_nbo ("expire_withdraw",
+                                              &issue->properties.expire_withdraw),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_absolute_time_nbo ("expire_spend",
+                                              &issue->properties.expire_spend),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_absolute_time_nbo ("expire_legal",
+                                              &issue->properties.expire_legal),
+      TALER_PQ_result_spec_amount_nbo ("coin",
+                                       &issue->properties.value),
+      TALER_PQ_result_spec_amount_nbo ("fee_withdraw",
+                                       &issue->properties.fee_withdraw),
+      TALER_PQ_result_spec_amount_nbo ("fee_deposit",
+                                       &issue->properties.fee_deposit),
+      TALER_PQ_result_spec_amount_nbo ("fee_refresh",
+                                       &issue->properties.fee_refresh),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_end
+    };
+
+    EXITIF (GNUNET_OK !=
+            GNUNET_PQ_extract_result (result,
+                                     rs,
+                                     0));
+  }
+  PQclear (result);
+  return GNUNET_OK;
+
+ EXITIF_exit:
+  PQclear (result);
+  return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Get the summary of a reserve.
+ *
+ * @param cls the `struct PostgresClosure` with the plugin-specific state
+ * @param session the database connection handle
+ * @param[in,out] reserve the reserve data.  The public key of the reserve should be
+ *          set in this structure; it is used to query the database.  The balance
+ *          and expiration are then filled accordingly.
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK upon success; #GNUNET_SYSERR upon failure
+ */
+static int
+postgres_reserve_get (void *cls,
+                      struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session,
+                      struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Reserve *reserve)
+{
+  PGresult *result;
+  struct GNUNET_PQ_QueryParam params[] = {
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type(&reserve->pub),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_end
+  };
+
+  result = GNUNET_PQ_exec_prepared (session->conn,
+                                   "reserve_get",
+                                   params);
+  if (PGRES_TUPLES_OK != PQresultStatus (result))
+  {
+    QUERY_ERR (result);
+    PQclear (result);
+    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  }
+  if (0 == PQntuples (result))
+  {
+    PQclear (result);
+    return GNUNET_NO;
+  }
+  {
+    struct GNUNET_PQ_ResultSpec rs[] = {
+      TALER_PQ_result_spec_amount("current_balance", &reserve->balance),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_absolute_time("expiration_date", &reserve->expiry),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_end
+    };
+
+    EXITIF (GNUNET_OK !=
+            GNUNET_PQ_extract_result (result,
+                                     rs,
+                                     0));
+  }
+  PQclear (result);
+  return GNUNET_OK;
+
+ EXITIF_exit:
+  PQclear (result);
+  return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Updates a reserve with the data from the given reserve structure.
+ *
+ * @param cls the `struct PostgresClosure` with the plugin-specific state
+ * @param session the database connection
+ * @param reserve the reserve structure whose data will be used to update the
+ *          corresponding record in the database.
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK upon successful update; #GNUNET_SYSERR upon any error
+ */
+static int
+reserves_update (void *cls,
+                 struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session,
+                 const struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Reserve *reserve)
+{
+  PGresult *result;
+  int ret;
+
+  if (NULL == reserve)
+    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  struct GNUNET_PQ_QueryParam params[] = {
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_absolute_time (&reserve->expiry),
+    TALER_PQ_query_param_amount (&reserve->balance),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (&reserve->pub),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_end
+  };
+  result = GNUNET_PQ_exec_prepared (session->conn,
+                                   "reserve_update",
+                                   params);
+  if (PGRES_COMMAND_OK != PQresultStatus(result))
+  {
+    QUERY_ERR (result);
+    ret = GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  }
+  else
+  {
+    ret = GNUNET_OK;
+  }
+  PQclear (result);
+  return ret;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Insert an incoming transaction into reserves.  New reserves are also created
+ * through this function.  Note that this API call starts (and stops) its
+ * own transaction scope (so the application must not do so).
+ *
+ * @param cls the `struct PostgresClosure` with the plugin-specific state
+ * @param session the database connection handle
+ * @param reserve_pub public key of the reserve
+ * @param balance the amount that has to be added to the reserve
+ * @param execution_time when was the amount added
+ * @param details bank transaction details justifying the increment,
+ *        must be unique for each incoming transaction
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK upon success; #GNUNET_NO if the given
+ *         @a details are already known for this @a reserve_pub,
+ *         #GNUNET_SYSERR upon failures (DB error, incompatible currency)
+ */
+static int
+postgres_reserves_in_insert (void *cls,
+                             struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session,
+                             const struct TALER_ReservePublicKeyP *reserve_pub,
+                             const struct TALER_Amount *balance,
+                             struct GNUNET_TIME_Absolute execution_time,
+                             const json_t *details)
+{
+  PGresult *result;
+  int reserve_exists;
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Reserve reserve;
+  struct GNUNET_TIME_Absolute expiry;
+
+  if (GNUNET_OK != postgres_start (cls,
+                                   session))
+  {
+    GNUNET_break (0);
+    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  }
+  reserve.pub = *reserve_pub;
+  reserve_exists = postgres_reserve_get (cls,
+                                         session,
+                                         &reserve);
+  if (GNUNET_SYSERR == reserve_exists)
+  {
+    GNUNET_break (0);
+    goto rollback;
+  }
+  expiry = GNUNET_TIME_absolute_add (execution_time,
+                                     TALER_IDLE_RESERVE_EXPIRATION_TIME);
+  if (GNUNET_NO == reserve_exists)
+  {
+    /* New reserve, create balance for the first time; we do this
+       before adding the actual transaction to "reserves_in", as
+       for a new reserve it can't be a duplicate 'add' operation,
+       and as the 'add' operation may need the reserve entry
+       as a foreign key. */
+    struct GNUNET_PQ_QueryParam params[] = {
+      GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (reserve_pub),
+      TALER_PQ_query_param_amount (balance),
+      GNUNET_PQ_query_param_absolute_time (&expiry),
+      GNUNET_PQ_query_param_end
+    };
+
+    GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
+                "Reserve does not exist; creating a new one\n");
+    result = GNUNET_PQ_exec_prepared (session->conn,
+                                     "reserve_create",
+                                     params);
+    if (PGRES_COMMAND_OK != PQresultStatus(result))
+    {
+      QUERY_ERR (result);
+      PQclear (result);
+      goto rollback;
+    }
+    PQclear (result);
+  }
+  /* Create new incoming transaction, SQL "primary key" logic
+     is used to guard against duplicates.  If a duplicate is
+     detected, we rollback (which really shouldn't undo
+     anything) and return #GNUNET_NO to indicate that this failure
+     is kind-of harmless (already executed). */
+  {
+    struct GNUNET_PQ_QueryParam params[] = {
+      GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (&reserve.pub),
+      TALER_PQ_query_param_amount (balance),
+      TALER_PQ_query_param_json (details),
+      GNUNET_PQ_query_param_absolute_time (&execution_time),
+      GNUNET_PQ_query_param_end
+    };
+
+    result = GNUNET_PQ_exec_prepared (session->conn,
+                                     "reserves_in_add_transaction",
+                                     params);
+  }
+  if (PGRES_COMMAND_OK != PQresultStatus(result))
+  {
+    const char *efield;
+
+    efield = PQresultErrorField (result,
+				 PG_DIAG_SQLSTATE);
+    if ( (PGRES_FATAL_ERROR == PQresultStatus(result)) &&
+	 (NULL != strstr ("23505", /* unique violation */
+			  efield)) )
+    {
+      /* This means we had the same reserve/justification/details
+	 before */
+      PQclear (result);
+      postgres_rollback (cls,
+			 session);
+      return GNUNET_NO;
+    }
+    QUERY_ERR (result);
+    PQclear (result);
+    goto rollback;
+  }
+  PQclear (result);
+
+  if (GNUNET_YES == reserve_exists)
+  {
+    /* If the reserve already existed, we need to still update the
+       balance; we do this after checking for duplication, as
+       otherwise we might have to actually pay the cost to roll this
+       back for duplicate transactions; like this, we should virtually
+       never actually have to rollback anything. */
+    struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Reserve updated_reserve;
+
+    updated_reserve.pub = reserve.pub;
+    if (GNUNET_OK !=
+        TALER_amount_add (&updated_reserve.balance,
+                          &reserve.balance,
+                          balance))
+    {
+      /* currency overflow or incompatible currency */
+      GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_WARNING,
+                  "Attempt to deposit incompatible amount into reserve\n");
+      goto rollback;
+    }
+    updated_reserve.expiry = GNUNET_TIME_absolute_max (expiry,
+                                                       reserve.expiry);
+    if (GNUNET_OK != reserves_update (cls,
+                                      session,
+                                      &updated_reserve))
+      goto rollback;
+  }
+  if (GNUNET_OK != postgres_commit (cls,
+                                    session))
+    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  return GNUNET_OK;
+
+ rollback:
+  postgres_rollback (cls,
+                     session);
+  return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Locate the response for a /reserve/withdraw request under the
+ * key of the hash of the blinded message.
+ *
+ * @param cls the `struct PostgresClosure` with the plugin-specific state
+ * @param session database connection to use
+ * @param h_blind hash of the blinded coin to be signed (will match
+ *                `h_coin_envelope` in the @a collectable to be returned)
+ * @param collectable corresponding collectable coin (blind signature)
+ *                    if a coin is found
+ * @return #GNUNET_SYSERR on internal error
+ *         #GNUNET_NO if the collectable was not found
+ *         #GNUNET_YES on success
+ */
+static int
+postgres_get_withdraw_info (void *cls,
+                            struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session,
+                            const struct GNUNET_HashCode *h_blind,
+                            struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CollectableBlindcoin *collectable)
+{
+  PGresult *result;
+  struct GNUNET_PQ_QueryParam params[] = {
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (h_blind),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_end
+  };
+  int ret;
+
+  ret = GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  result = GNUNET_PQ_exec_prepared (session->conn,
+                                   "get_withdraw_info",
+                                   params);
+
+  if (PGRES_TUPLES_OK != PQresultStatus (result))
+  {
+    QUERY_ERR (result);
+    goto cleanup;
+  }
+  if (0 == PQntuples (result))
+  {
+    ret = GNUNET_NO;
+    goto cleanup;
+  }
+  {
+    struct GNUNET_PQ_ResultSpec rs[] = {
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_rsa_public_key ("denom_pub",
+                                           &collectable->denom_pub.rsa_public_key),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_rsa_signature ("denom_sig",
+                                          &collectable->sig.rsa_signature),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_auto_from_type ("reserve_sig",
+                                           &collectable->reserve_sig),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_auto_from_type ("reserve_pub",
+                                           &collectable->reserve_pub),
+      TALER_PQ_result_spec_amount ("amount_with_fee",
+                                   &collectable->amount_with_fee),
+      TALER_PQ_result_spec_amount ("withdraw_fee",
+                                   &collectable->withdraw_fee),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_end
+    };
+
+    if (GNUNET_OK !=
+        GNUNET_PQ_extract_result (result, rs, 0))
+    {
+      GNUNET_break (0);
+      goto cleanup;
+    }
+  }
+  collectable->h_coin_envelope = *h_blind;
+  ret = GNUNET_YES;
+
+ cleanup:
+  PQclear (result);
+  return ret;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Store collectable bit coin under the corresponding
+ * hash of the blinded message.
+ *
+ * @param cls the `struct PostgresClosure` with the plugin-specific state
+ * @param session database connection to use
+ * @param collectable corresponding collectable coin (blind signature)
+ *                    if a coin is found
+ * @return #GNUNET_SYSERR on internal error
+ *         #GNUNET_NO if the collectable was not found
+ *         #GNUNET_YES on success
+ */
+static int
+postgres_insert_withdraw_info (void *cls,
+                               struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session,
+                               const struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CollectableBlindcoin *collectable)
+{
+  PGresult *result;
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Reserve reserve;
+  int ret = GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  struct GNUNET_TIME_Absolute now;
+  struct GNUNET_TIME_Absolute expiry;
+  struct GNUNET_PQ_QueryParam params[] = {
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (&collectable->h_coin_envelope),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_rsa_public_key (collectable->denom_pub.rsa_public_key),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_rsa_signature (collectable->sig.rsa_signature),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (&collectable->reserve_pub),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (&collectable->reserve_sig),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_absolute_time (&now),
+    TALER_PQ_query_param_amount (&collectable->amount_with_fee),
+    TALER_PQ_query_param_amount (&collectable->withdraw_fee),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_end
+  };
+
+  now = GNUNET_TIME_absolute_get ();
+  result = GNUNET_PQ_exec_prepared (session->conn,
+                                   "insert_withdraw_info",
+                                   params);
+  if (PGRES_COMMAND_OK != PQresultStatus (result))
+  {
+    QUERY_ERR (result);
+    goto cleanup;
+  }
+  reserve.pub = collectable->reserve_pub;
+  if (GNUNET_OK != postgres_reserve_get (cls,
+                                         session,
+                                         &reserve))
+  {
+    /* Should have been checked before we got here... */
+    GNUNET_break (0);
+    goto cleanup;
+  }
+  if (GNUNET_SYSERR ==
+      TALER_amount_subtract (&reserve.balance,
+                             &reserve.balance,
+                             &collectable->amount_with_fee))
+  {
+    /* Should have been checked before we got here... */
+    GNUNET_break (0);
+    goto cleanup;
+  }
+  expiry = GNUNET_TIME_absolute_add (now,
+                                     TALER_IDLE_RESERVE_EXPIRATION_TIME);
+  reserve.expiry = GNUNET_TIME_absolute_max (expiry,
+                                             reserve.expiry);
+  if (GNUNET_OK != reserves_update (cls,
+                                    session,
+                                    &reserve))
+  {
+    GNUNET_break (0);
+    goto cleanup;
+  }
+  ret = GNUNET_OK;
+ cleanup:
+  PQclear (result);
+  return ret;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Get all of the transaction history associated with the specified
+ * reserve.
+ *
+ * @param cls the `struct PostgresClosure` with the plugin-specific state
+ * @param session connection to use
+ * @param reserve_pub public key of the reserve
+ * @return known transaction history (NULL if reserve is unknown)
+ */
+static struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_ReserveHistory *
+postgres_get_reserve_history (void *cls,
+                              struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session,
+                              const struct TALER_ReservePublicKeyP *reserve_pub)
+{
+  PGresult *result;
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_ReserveHistory *rh;
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_ReserveHistory *rh_tail;
+  int rows;
+  int ret;
+
+  rh = NULL;
+  rh_tail = NULL;
+  ret = GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  {
+    struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_BankTransfer *bt;
+    struct GNUNET_PQ_QueryParam params[] = {
+      GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (reserve_pub),
+      GNUNET_PQ_query_param_end
+    };
+
+    result = GNUNET_PQ_exec_prepared (session->conn,
+                                     "reserves_in_get_transactions",
+                                     params);
+    if (PGRES_TUPLES_OK != PQresultStatus (result))
+    {
+      QUERY_ERR (result);
+      goto cleanup;
+    }
+    if (0 == (rows = PQntuples (result)))
+    {
+      GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
+                  "Asked to fetch history for an unknown reserve.\n");
+      goto cleanup;
+    }
+    while (0 < rows)
+    {
+      bt = GNUNET_new (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_BankTransfer);
+      {
+        struct GNUNET_PQ_ResultSpec rs[] = {
+          TALER_PQ_result_spec_amount ("balance",
+                                       &bt->amount),
+          GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_absolute_time ("execution_date",
+                                              &bt->execution_date),
+          TALER_PQ_result_spec_json ("details",
+                                     &bt->wire),
+          GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_end
+        };
+        if (GNUNET_YES !=
+            GNUNET_PQ_extract_result (result, rs, --rows))
+        {
+          GNUNET_break (0);
+          GNUNET_free (bt);
+          PQclear (result);
+          goto cleanup;
+        }
+      }
+      bt->reserve_pub = *reserve_pub;
+      if (NULL != rh_tail)
+      {
+        rh_tail->next = GNUNET_new (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_ReserveHistory);
+        rh_tail = rh_tail->next;
+      }
+      else
+      {
+        rh_tail = GNUNET_new (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_ReserveHistory);
+        rh = rh_tail;
+      }
+      rh_tail->type = TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RO_BANK_TO_EXCHANGE;
+      rh_tail->details.bank = bt;
+    }
+    PQclear (result);
+  }
+  {
+    struct GNUNET_PQ_QueryParam params[] = {
+      GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (reserve_pub),
+      GNUNET_PQ_query_param_end
+    };
+
+    GNUNET_assert (NULL != rh);
+    GNUNET_assert (NULL != rh_tail);
+    GNUNET_assert (NULL == rh_tail->next);
+    result = GNUNET_PQ_exec_prepared (session->conn,
+                                     "get_reserves_out",
+                                     params);
+    if (PGRES_TUPLES_OK != PQresultStatus (result))
+    {
+      QUERY_ERR (result);
+      PQclear (result);
+      goto cleanup;
+    }
+    rows = PQntuples (result);
+    while (0 < rows)
+    {
+      struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CollectableBlindcoin *cbc;
+
+      cbc = GNUNET_new (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CollectableBlindcoin);
+      {
+        struct GNUNET_PQ_ResultSpec rs[] = {
+          GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_auto_from_type ("h_blind_ev",
+                                               &cbc->h_coin_envelope),
+          GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_rsa_public_key ("denom_pub",
+                                               &cbc->denom_pub.rsa_public_key),
+          GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_rsa_signature ("denom_sig",
+                                              &cbc->sig.rsa_signature),
+          GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_auto_from_type ("reserve_sig",
+                                               &cbc->reserve_sig),
+          TALER_PQ_result_spec_amount ("amount_with_fee",
+                                       &cbc->amount_with_fee),
+          TALER_PQ_result_spec_amount ("withdraw_fee",
+                                       &cbc->withdraw_fee),
+          GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_end
+        };
+        if (GNUNET_YES !=
+            GNUNET_PQ_extract_result (result, rs, --rows))
+        {
+          GNUNET_break (0);
+          GNUNET_free (cbc);
+          PQclear (result);
+          goto cleanup;
+        }
+        cbc->reserve_pub = *reserve_pub;
+      }
+      rh_tail->next = GNUNET_new (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_ReserveHistory);
+      rh_tail = rh_tail->next;
+      rh_tail->type = TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RO_WITHDRAW_COIN;
+      rh_tail->details.withdraw = cbc;
+    }
+    ret = GNUNET_OK;
+    PQclear (result);
+  }
+ cleanup:
+  if (GNUNET_SYSERR == ret)
+  {
+    common_free_reserve_history (cls,
+                                 rh);
+    rh = NULL;
+  }
+  return rh;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Check if we have the specified deposit already in the database.
+ *
+ * @param cls the `struct PostgresClosure` with the plugin-specific state
+ * @param session database connection
+ * @param deposit deposit to search for
+ * @return #GNUNET_YES if we know this operation,
+ *         #GNUNET_NO if this exact deposit is unknown to us
+ *         #GNUNET_SYSERR on DB error
+ */
+static int
+postgres_have_deposit (void *cls,
+                       struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session,
+                       const struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Deposit *deposit)
+{
+  struct GNUNET_PQ_QueryParam params[] = {
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (&deposit->coin.coin_pub),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_uint64 (&deposit->transaction_id),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (&deposit->merchant_pub),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_end
+  };
+  PGresult *result;
+
+  result = GNUNET_PQ_exec_prepared (session->conn,
+                                   "get_deposit",
+                                   params);
+  if (PGRES_TUPLES_OK !=
+      PQresultStatus (result))
+  {
+    BREAK_DB_ERR (result);
+    PQclear (result);
+    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  }
+  if (0 == PQntuples (result))
+  {
+    PQclear (result);
+    return GNUNET_NO;
+  }
+
+  /* Now we check that the other information in @a deposit
+     also matches, and if not report inconsistencies. */
+  {
+    struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Deposit deposit2;
+    struct GNUNET_PQ_ResultSpec rs[] = {
+      TALER_PQ_result_spec_amount ("amount_with_fee",
+                                   &deposit2.amount_with_fee),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_absolute_time ("timestamp",
+                                          &deposit2.timestamp),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_absolute_time ("refund_deadline",
+                                          &deposit2.refund_deadline),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_absolute_time ("wire_deadline",
+                                          &deposit2.wire_deadline),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_auto_from_type ("h_contract",
+                                           &deposit2.h_contract),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_auto_from_type ("h_wire",
+                                           &deposit2.h_wire),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_end
+    };
+    if (GNUNET_OK !=
+        GNUNET_PQ_extract_result (result, rs, 0))
+    {
+      GNUNET_break (0);
+      PQclear (result);
+      return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+    }
+    if ( (0 != TALER_amount_cmp (&deposit->amount_with_fee,
+                                 &deposit2.amount_with_fee)) ||
+         (deposit->timestamp.abs_value_us !=
+          deposit2.timestamp.abs_value_us) ||
+         (deposit->refund_deadline.abs_value_us !=
+          deposit2.refund_deadline.abs_value_us) ||
+         (0 != memcmp (&deposit->h_contract,
+                       &deposit2.h_contract,
+                       sizeof (struct GNUNET_HashCode))) ||
+         (0 != memcmp (&deposit->h_wire,
+                       &deposit2.h_wire,
+                       sizeof (struct GNUNET_HashCode))) )
+    {
+      /* Inconsistencies detected! Does not match!  (We might want to
+         expand the API with a 'get_deposit' function to return the
+         original transaction details to be used for an error message
+         in the future!) #3838 */
+      PQclear (result);
+      return GNUNET_NO;
+    }
+  }
+  PQclear (result);
+  return GNUNET_YES;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Mark a deposit as tiny, thereby declaring that it cannot be
+ * executed by itself and should no longer be returned by
+ * @e iterate_ready_deposits()
+ *
+ * @param cls the @e cls of this struct with the plugin-specific state
+ * @param session connection to the database
+ * @param deposit_rowid identifies the deposit row to modify
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK on success, #GNUNET_SYSERR on error
+ */
+static int
+postgres_mark_deposit_tiny (void *cls,
+                            struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session,
+                            unsigned long long rowid)
+{
+  uint64_t serial_id = rowid;
+  struct GNUNET_PQ_QueryParam params[] = {
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_uint64 (&serial_id),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_end
+  };
+  PGresult *result;
+
+  result = GNUNET_PQ_exec_prepared (session->conn,
+                                   "mark_deposit_tiny",
+                                   params);
+  if (PGRES_COMMAND_OK !=
+      PQresultStatus (result))
+  {
+    BREAK_DB_ERR (result);
+    PQclear (result);
+    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  }
+  PQclear (result);
+  return GNUNET_OK;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Mark a deposit as done, thereby declaring that it cannot be
+ * executed at all anymore, and should no longer be returned by
+ * @e iterate_ready_deposits() or @e iterate_matching_deposits().
+ *
+ * @param cls the @e cls of this struct with the plugin-specific state
+ * @param session connection to the database
+ * @param deposit_rowid identifies the deposit row to modify
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK on success, #GNUNET_SYSERR on error
+ */
+static int
+postgres_mark_deposit_done (void *cls,
+                            struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session,
+                            unsigned long long rowid)
+{
+  uint64_t serial_id = rowid;
+  struct GNUNET_PQ_QueryParam params[] = {
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_uint64 (&serial_id),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_end
+  };
+  PGresult *result;
+
+  result = GNUNET_PQ_exec_prepared (session->conn,
+                                   "mark_deposit_done",
+                                   params);
+  if (PGRES_COMMAND_OK !=
+      PQresultStatus (result))
+  {
+    BREAK_DB_ERR (result);
+    PQclear (result);
+    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  }
+  PQclear (result);
+  return GNUNET_OK;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Obtain information about deposits that are ready to be executed.
+ * Such deposits must not be marked as "tiny" or "done", and the
+ * execution time must be in the past.
+ *
+ * @param cls the @e cls of this struct with the plugin-specific state
+ * @param session connection to the database
+ * @param deposit_cb function to call for ONE such deposit
+ * @param deposit_cb_cls closure for @a deposit_cb
+ * @return number of rows processed, 0 if none exist,
+ *         #GNUNET_SYSERR on error
+ */
+static int
+postgres_get_ready_deposit (void *cls,
+                            struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session,
+                            TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DepositIterator deposit_cb,
+                            void *deposit_cb_cls)
+{
+  struct GNUNET_PQ_QueryParam params[] = {
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_end
+  };
+  PGresult *result;
+  unsigned int n;
+  int ret;
+
+  result = GNUNET_PQ_exec_prepared (session->conn,
+                                   "deposits_get_ready",
+                                   params);
+  if (PGRES_TUPLES_OK !=
+      PQresultStatus (result))
+  {
+    BREAK_DB_ERR (result);
+    PQclear (result);
+    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  }
+  if (0 == (n = PQntuples (result)))
+  {
+    PQclear (result);
+    return 0;
+  }
+  GNUNET_break (1 == n);
+  {
+    struct TALER_Amount amount_with_fee;
+    struct TALER_Amount deposit_fee;
+    struct GNUNET_TIME_Absolute wire_deadline;
+    struct GNUNET_HashCode h_contract;
+    struct TALER_MerchantPublicKeyP merchant_pub;
+    struct TALER_CoinSpendPublicKeyP coin_pub;
+    uint64_t transaction_id;
+    uint64_t serial_id;
+    json_t *wire;
+    struct GNUNET_PQ_ResultSpec rs[] = {
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_uint64 ("serial_id",
+                                   &serial_id),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_uint64 ("transaction_id",
+                                   &transaction_id),
+      TALER_PQ_result_spec_amount ("amount_with_fee",
+                                   &amount_with_fee),
+      TALER_PQ_result_spec_amount ("deposit_fee",
+                                   &deposit_fee),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_absolute_time ("wire_deadline",
+                                          &wire_deadline),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_auto_from_type ("h_contract",
+                                           &h_contract),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_auto_from_type ("merchant_pub",
+                                           &merchant_pub),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_auto_from_type ("coin_pub",
+                                           &coin_pub),
+      TALER_PQ_result_spec_json ("wire",
+                                 &wire),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_end
+    };
+    if (GNUNET_OK !=
+        GNUNET_PQ_extract_result (result, rs, 0))
+    {
+      GNUNET_break (0);
+      PQclear (result);
+      return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+    }
+    ret = deposit_cb (deposit_cb_cls,
+                      serial_id,
+                      &merchant_pub,
+                      &coin_pub,
+                      &amount_with_fee,
+                      &deposit_fee,
+                      transaction_id,
+                      &h_contract,
+                      wire_deadline,
+                      wire);
+    GNUNET_PQ_cleanup_result (rs);
+    PQclear (result);
+  }
+  return (GNUNET_OK == ret) ? 1 : 0;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Obtain information about other pending deposits for the same
+ * destination.  Those deposits must not already be "done".
+ *
+ * @param cls the @e cls of this struct with the plugin-specific state
+ * @param session connection to the database
+ * @param h_wire destination of the wire transfer
+ * @param merchant_pub public key of the merchant
+ * @param deposit_cb function to call for each deposit
+ * @param deposit_cb_cls closure for @a deposit_cb
+ * @param limit maximum number of matching deposits to return
+ * @return number of rows processed, 0 if none exist,
+ *         #GNUNET_SYSERR on error
+ */
+static int
+postgres_iterate_matching_deposits (void *cls,
+                                    struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session,
+                                    const struct GNUNET_HashCode *h_wire,
+                                    const struct TALER_MerchantPublicKeyP *merchant_pub,
+                                    TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DepositIterator deposit_cb,
+                                    void *deposit_cb_cls,
+                                    uint32_t limit)
+{
+  struct GNUNET_PQ_QueryParam params[] = {
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (merchant_pub),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (h_wire),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_uint32 (&limit),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_end
+  };
+  PGresult *result;
+  unsigned int i;
+  unsigned int n;
+
+  result = GNUNET_PQ_exec_prepared (session->conn,
+                                   "deposits_iterate_matching",
+                                   params);
+  if (PGRES_TUPLES_OK !=
+      PQresultStatus (result))
+  {
+    BREAK_DB_ERR (result);
+    PQclear (result);
+    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  }
+  if (0 == (n = PQntuples (result)))
+  {
+    PQclear (result);
+    return 0;
+  }
+  if (n > limit)
+    n = limit;
+  for (i=0;i<n;i++)
+  {
+    struct TALER_Amount amount_with_fee;
+    struct TALER_Amount deposit_fee;
+    struct GNUNET_TIME_Absolute wire_deadline;
+    struct GNUNET_HashCode h_contract;
+    struct TALER_MerchantPublicKeyP merchant_pub;
+    struct TALER_CoinSpendPublicKeyP coin_pub;
+    uint64_t transaction_id;
+    uint64_t serial_id;
+    int ret;
+    struct GNUNET_PQ_ResultSpec rs[] = {
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_uint64 ("serial_id",
+                                   &serial_id),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_uint64 ("transaction_id",
+                                   &transaction_id),
+      TALER_PQ_result_spec_amount ("amount_with_fee",
+                                   &amount_with_fee),
+      TALER_PQ_result_spec_amount ("deposit_fee",
+                                   &deposit_fee),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_absolute_time ("wire_deadline",
+                                          &wire_deadline),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_auto_from_type ("h_contract",
+                                           &h_contract),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_auto_from_type ("merchant_pub",
+                                           &merchant_pub),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_auto_from_type ("coin_pub",
+                                           &coin_pub),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_end
+    };
+    if (GNUNET_OK !=
+        GNUNET_PQ_extract_result (result, rs, i))
+    {
+      GNUNET_break (0);
+      PQclear (result);
+      return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+    }
+    ret = deposit_cb (deposit_cb_cls,
+                      serial_id,
+                      &merchant_pub,
+                      &coin_pub,
+                      &amount_with_fee,
+                      &deposit_fee,
+                      transaction_id,
+                      &h_contract,
+                      wire_deadline,
+                      NULL);
+    GNUNET_PQ_cleanup_result (rs);
+    PQclear (result);
+    if (GNUNET_OK != ret)
+      break;
+  }
+  return i;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Insert information about deposited coin into the database.
+ *
+ * @param cls the `struct PostgresClosure` with the plugin-specific state
+ * @param session connection to the database
+ * @param deposit deposit information to store
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK on success, #GNUNET_SYSERR on error
+ */
+static int
+postgres_insert_deposit (void *cls,
+                         struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session,
+                         const struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Deposit *deposit)
+{
+  PGresult *result;
+  int ret;
+
+  {
+    struct GNUNET_PQ_QueryParam params[] = {
+      GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (&deposit->coin.coin_pub),
+      GNUNET_PQ_query_param_rsa_public_key (deposit->coin.denom_pub.rsa_public_key),
+      GNUNET_PQ_query_param_rsa_signature (deposit->coin.denom_sig.rsa_signature),
+      GNUNET_PQ_query_param_uint64 (&deposit->transaction_id),
+      TALER_PQ_query_param_amount (&deposit->amount_with_fee),
+      TALER_PQ_query_param_amount (&deposit->deposit_fee),
+      GNUNET_PQ_query_param_absolute_time (&deposit->timestamp),
+      GNUNET_PQ_query_param_absolute_time (&deposit->refund_deadline),
+      GNUNET_PQ_query_param_absolute_time (&deposit->wire_deadline),
+      GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (&deposit->merchant_pub),
+      GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (&deposit->h_contract),
+      GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (&deposit->h_wire),
+      GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (&deposit->csig),
+      TALER_PQ_query_param_json (deposit->wire),
+      GNUNET_PQ_query_param_end
+    };
+    result = GNUNET_PQ_exec_prepared (session->conn,
+                                     "insert_deposit",
+                                     params);
+  }
+  if (PGRES_COMMAND_OK != PQresultStatus (result))
+  {
+    BREAK_DB_ERR (result);
+    ret = GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  }
+  else
+  {
+    ret = GNUNET_OK;
+  }
+  PQclear (result);
+  return ret;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Lookup refresh session data under the given @a session_hash.
+ *
+ * @param cls the `struct PostgresClosure` with the plugin-specific state
+ * @param session database handle to use
+ * @param session_hash hash over the melt to use to locate the session
+ * @param[out] refresh_session where to store the result, can be NULL
+ *             to just check if the session exists
+ * @return #GNUNET_YES on success,
+ *         #GNUNET_NO if not found,
+ *         #GNUNET_SYSERR on DB failure
+ */
+static int
+postgres_get_refresh_session (void *cls,
+                              struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session,
+                              const struct GNUNET_HashCode *session_hash,
+                              struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshSession *refresh_session)
+{
+  PGresult *result;
+  struct GNUNET_PQ_QueryParam params[] = {
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (session_hash),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_end
+  };
+
+  result = GNUNET_PQ_exec_prepared (session->conn,
+                                   "get_refresh_session",
+                                   params);
+  if (PGRES_TUPLES_OK != PQresultStatus (result))
+  {
+    BREAK_DB_ERR (result);
+    PQclear (result);
+    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  }
+  if (0 == PQntuples (result))
+  {
+    PQclear (result);
+    return GNUNET_NO;
+  }
+  GNUNET_assert (1 == PQntuples (result));
+  if (NULL == refresh_session)
+  {
+    /* We're done if the caller is only interested in whether the
+     * session exists or not */
+    PQclear (result);
+    return GNUNET_YES;
+  }
+  memset (refresh_session,
+          0,
+          sizeof (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshSession));
+  {
+    struct GNUNET_PQ_ResultSpec rs[] = {
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_uint16 ("num_oldcoins",
+                                   &refresh_session->num_oldcoins),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_uint16 ("num_newcoins",
+                                   &refresh_session->num_newcoins),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_uint16 ("noreveal_index",
+                                   &refresh_session->noreveal_index),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_end
+    };
+    if (GNUNET_OK !=
+        GNUNET_PQ_extract_result (result, rs, 0))
+    {
+      GNUNET_break (0);
+      PQclear (result);
+      return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+    }
+  }
+  PQclear (result);
+  return GNUNET_YES;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Store new refresh session data under the given @a session_hash.
+ *
+ * @param cls the `struct PostgresClosure` with the plugin-specific state
+ * @param session database handle to use
+ * @param session_hash hash over the melt to use to locate the session
+ * @param refresh_session session data to store
+ * @return #GNUNET_YES on success,
+ *         #GNUNET_SYSERR on DB failure
+ */
+static int
+postgres_create_refresh_session (void *cls,
+                                 struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session,
+                                 const struct GNUNET_HashCode *session_hash,
+                                 const struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshSession *refresh_session)
+{
+  PGresult *result;
+  struct GNUNET_PQ_QueryParam params[] = {
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (session_hash),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_uint16 (&refresh_session->num_oldcoins),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_uint16 (&refresh_session->num_newcoins),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_uint16 (&refresh_session->noreveal_index),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_end
+  };
+
+  result = GNUNET_PQ_exec_prepared (session->conn,
+                                   "insert_refresh_session",
+                                   params);
+  if (PGRES_COMMAND_OK != PQresultStatus (result))
+  {
+    BREAK_DB_ERR (result);
+    PQclear (result);
+    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  }
+  PQclear (result);
+  return GNUNET_OK;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Insert a coin we know of into the DB.  The coin can then be referenced by
+ * tables for deposits, lock and refresh functionality.
+ *
+ * @param cls plugin closure
+ * @param session the shared database session
+ * @param coin_info the public coin info
+ * @return #GNUNET_SYSERR upon error; #GNUNET_OK upon success
+ */
+static int
+insert_known_coin (void *cls,
+                   struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session,
+                   const struct TALER_CoinPublicInfo *coin_info)
+{
+  PGresult *result;
+  struct GNUNET_PQ_QueryParam params[] = {
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (&coin_info->coin_pub),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_rsa_public_key (coin_info->denom_pub.rsa_public_key),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_rsa_signature (coin_info->denom_sig.rsa_signature),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_end
+  };
+  result = GNUNET_PQ_exec_prepared (session->conn,
+                                   "insert_known_coin",
+                                   params);
+  if (PGRES_COMMAND_OK != PQresultStatus (result))
+  {
+    BREAK_DB_ERR (result);
+    PQclear (result);
+    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  }
+  PQclear (result);
+  return GNUNET_OK;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Retrieve the record for a known coin.
+ *
+ * @param cls the plugin closure
+ * @param session the database session handle
+ * @param coin_pub the public key of the coin to search for
+ * @param coin_info place holder for the returned coin information object
+ * @return #GNUNET_SYSERR upon error; #GNUNET_NO if no coin is found; #GNUNET_OK
+ *           if upon succesfullying retrieving the record data info @a
+ *           coin_info
+ */
+static int
+get_known_coin (void *cls,
+                struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session,
+                const struct TALER_CoinSpendPublicKeyP *coin_pub,
+                struct TALER_CoinPublicInfo *coin_info)
+{
+  PGresult *result;
+  struct GNUNET_PQ_QueryParam params[] = {
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (coin_pub),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_end
+  };
+  int nrows;
+
+  result = GNUNET_PQ_exec_prepared (session->conn,
+                                   "get_known_coin",
+                                   params);
+  if (PGRES_TUPLES_OK != PQresultStatus (result))
+  {
+    BREAK_DB_ERR (result);
+    PQclear (result);
+    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  }
+  nrows = PQntuples (result);
+  if (0 == nrows)
+  {
+    PQclear (result);
+    return GNUNET_NO;
+  }
+  GNUNET_assert (1 == nrows);   /* due to primary key */
+  if (NULL == coin_info)
+    return GNUNET_YES;
+  {
+    struct GNUNET_PQ_ResultSpec rs[] = {
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_rsa_public_key ("denom_pub",
+                                           &coin_info->denom_pub.rsa_public_key),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_rsa_signature ("denom_sig",
+                                          &coin_info->denom_sig.rsa_signature),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_end
+    };
+
+    if (GNUNET_OK !=
+        GNUNET_PQ_extract_result (result, rs, 0))
+    {
+      PQclear (result);
+      GNUNET_break (0);
+      return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+    }
+  }
+  PQclear (result);
+  coin_info->coin_pub = *coin_pub;
+  return GNUNET_OK;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Store the given /refresh/melt request in the database.
+ *
+ * @param cls the `struct PostgresClosure` with the plugin-specific state
+ * @param session database connection
+ * @param oldcoin_index index of the coin to store
+ * @param melt melt operation details to store; includes
+ *             the session hash of the melt
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK on success
+ *         #GNUNET_SYSERR on internal error
+ */
+static int
+postgres_insert_refresh_melt (void *cls,
+                              struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session,
+                              uint16_t oldcoin_index,
+                              const struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshMelt *melt)
+{
+  PGresult *result;
+  struct GNUNET_PQ_QueryParam params[] = {
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (&melt->coin.coin_pub),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (&melt->session_hash),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_uint16 (&oldcoin_index),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (&melt->coin_sig),
+    TALER_PQ_query_param_amount (&melt->amount_with_fee),
+    TALER_PQ_query_param_amount (&melt->melt_fee),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_end
+  };
+  int ret;
+
+  /* check if the coin is already known */
+  ret = get_known_coin (cls,
+                        session,
+                        &melt->coin.coin_pub,
+                        NULL);
+  if (GNUNET_SYSERR == ret)
+  {
+    GNUNET_break (0);
+    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  }
+  if (GNUNET_NO == ret)         /* if not, insert it */
+  {
+    ret = insert_known_coin (cls,
+                             session,
+                             &melt->coin);
+    if (ret == GNUNET_SYSERR)
+    {
+      GNUNET_break (0);
+      return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+    }
+  }
+  /* insert the melt */
+  result = GNUNET_PQ_exec_prepared (session->conn,
+                                   "insert_refresh_melt",
+                                   params);
+  if (PGRES_COMMAND_OK != PQresultStatus (result))
+  {
+    BREAK_DB_ERR (result);
+    PQclear (result);
+    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  }
+  PQclear (result);
+  return GNUNET_OK;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Get information about melted coin details from the database.
+ *
+ * @param cls the `struct PostgresClosure` with the plugin-specific state
+ * @param session database connection
+ * @param session_hash  session hash of the melt operation
+ * @param oldcoin_index index of the coin to retrieve
+ * @param melt melt data to fill in, can be NULL
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK on success
+ *         #GNUNET_SYSERR on internal error
+ */
+static int
+postgres_get_refresh_melt (void *cls,
+                           struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session,
+                           const struct GNUNET_HashCode *session_hash,
+                           uint16_t oldcoin_index,
+                           struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshMelt *melt)
+{
+  PGresult *result;
+  struct TALER_CoinPublicInfo coin;
+  struct TALER_CoinSpendSignatureP coin_sig;
+  struct TALER_Amount amount_with_fee;
+  struct TALER_Amount melt_fee;
+  struct GNUNET_PQ_QueryParam params[] = {
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (session_hash),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_uint16 (&oldcoin_index),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_end
+  };
+  int nrows;
+
+  /* check if the melt record exists and get it */
+  result = GNUNET_PQ_exec_prepared (session->conn,
+                                   "get_refresh_melt",
+                                   params);
+  if (PGRES_TUPLES_OK != PQresultStatus (result))
+  {
+    BREAK_DB_ERR (result);
+    PQclear (result);
+    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  }
+  nrows = PQntuples (result);
+  if (0 == nrows)
+  {
+    GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
+                "get_refresh_melt() returned 0 matching rows\n");
+    PQclear (result);
+    return GNUNET_NO;
+  }
+  GNUNET_assert (1 == nrows);    /* due to primary key constraint */
+  {
+    struct GNUNET_PQ_ResultSpec rs[] = {
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_auto_from_type ("coin_pub", &coin.coin_pub),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_auto_from_type ("coin_sig", &coin_sig),
+      TALER_PQ_result_spec_amount ("amount_with_fee", &amount_with_fee),
+      TALER_PQ_result_spec_amount ("melt_fee", &melt_fee),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_end
+    };
+    if (GNUNET_OK != GNUNET_PQ_extract_result (result, rs, 0))
+    {
+      GNUNET_break (0);
+      PQclear (result);
+      return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+    }
+    PQclear (result);
+  }
+  /* fetch the coin info and denomination info */
+  if (GNUNET_OK != get_known_coin (cls,
+                                   session,
+                                   &coin.coin_pub,
+                                   &coin))
+    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  if (NULL == melt)
+  {
+    GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_signature_free (coin.denom_sig.rsa_signature);
+    GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_public_key_free (coin.denom_pub.rsa_public_key);
+    return GNUNET_OK;
+  }
+  melt->coin = coin;
+  melt->coin_sig = coin_sig;
+  melt->session_hash = *session_hash;
+  melt->amount_with_fee = amount_with_fee;
+  melt->melt_fee = melt_fee;
+  return GNUNET_OK;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Store in the database which coin(s) we want to create
+ * in a given refresh operation.
+ *
+ * @param cls the `struct PostgresClosure` with the plugin-specific state
+ * @param session database connection
+ * @param session_hash hash to identify refresh session
+ * @param num_newcoins number of coins to generate, size of the @a denom_pubs array
+ * @param denom_pubs array denominations of the coins to create
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK on success
+ *         #GNUNET_SYSERR on internal error
+ */
+static int
+postgres_insert_refresh_order (void *cls,
+                               struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session,
+                               const struct GNUNET_HashCode *session_hash,
+                               uint16_t num_newcoins,
+                               const struct TALER_DenominationPublicKey *denom_pubs)
+{
+  unsigned int i;
+
+  for (i=0;i<(unsigned int) num_newcoins;i++)
+  {
+    uint16_t newcoin_off = (uint16_t) i;
+    PGresult *result;
+
+    {
+      struct GNUNET_PQ_QueryParam params[] = {
+        GNUNET_PQ_query_param_uint16 (&newcoin_off),
+        GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (session_hash),
+        GNUNET_PQ_query_param_rsa_public_key (denom_pubs[i].rsa_public_key),
+        GNUNET_PQ_query_param_end
+      };
+      result = GNUNET_PQ_exec_prepared (session->conn,
+                                       "insert_refresh_order",
+                                       params);
+    }
+    if (PGRES_COMMAND_OK != PQresultStatus (result))
+    {
+      BREAK_DB_ERR (result);
+      PQclear (result);
+      return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+    }
+    if (0 != strcmp ("1", PQcmdTuples (result)))
+    {
+      GNUNET_break (0);
+      return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+    }
+    PQclear (result);
+  }
+  return GNUNET_OK;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * We allocated some @a denom_pubs information, but now need
+ * to abort. Free allocated memory.
+ *
+ * @param denom_pubs data to free (but not the array itself)
+ * @param denom_pubs_len length of @a denom_pubs array
+ */
+static void
+free_dpk_result (struct TALER_DenominationPublicKey *denom_pubs,
+                 unsigned int denom_pubs_len)
+{
+  unsigned int i;
+
+  for (i=0;i<denom_pubs_len;i++)
+  {
+    GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_public_key_free (denom_pubs[i].rsa_public_key);
+    denom_pubs[i].rsa_public_key = NULL;
+  }
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Lookup in the database the coins that we want to
+ * create in the given refresh operation.
+ *
+ * @param cls the `struct PostgresClosure` with the plugin-specific state
+ * @param session database connection
+ * @param session_hash hash to identify refresh session
+ * @param num_newcoins size of the array of the @a denom_pubs array
+ * @param denom_pubs where to store the deomination keys
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK on success
+ *         #GNUNET_SYSERR on internal error
+ */
+static int
+postgres_get_refresh_order (void *cls,
+                            struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session,
+                            const struct GNUNET_HashCode *session_hash,
+                            uint16_t num_newcoins,
+                            struct TALER_DenominationPublicKey *denom_pubs)
+{
+  unsigned int i;
+
+  for (i=0;i<(unsigned int) num_newcoins;i++)
+  {
+    uint16_t newcoin_off = (uint16_t) i;
+    PGresult *result;
+
+    {
+      struct GNUNET_PQ_QueryParam params[] = {
+        GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (session_hash),
+        GNUNET_PQ_query_param_uint16 (&newcoin_off),
+        GNUNET_PQ_query_param_end
+      };
+
+      result = GNUNET_PQ_exec_prepared (session->conn,
+                                       "get_refresh_order",
+                                       params);
+    }
+    if (PGRES_TUPLES_OK != PQresultStatus (result))
+    {
+      BREAK_DB_ERR (result);
+      PQclear (result);
+      free_dpk_result (denom_pubs, i);
+      return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+    }
+    if (0 == PQntuples (result))
+    {
+      PQclear (result);
+      /* FIXME: may want to distinguish between different error cases! */
+      free_dpk_result (denom_pubs, i);
+      return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+    }
+    GNUNET_assert (1 == PQntuples (result));
+    {
+      struct GNUNET_PQ_ResultSpec rs[] = {
+        GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_rsa_public_key ("denom_pub",
+                                             &denom_pubs[i].rsa_public_key),
+        GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_end
+      };
+      if (GNUNET_OK !=
+          GNUNET_PQ_extract_result (result, rs, 0))
+      {
+        PQclear (result);
+        GNUNET_break (0);
+        free_dpk_result (denom_pubs, i);
+        return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+      }
+      PQclear (result);
+    }
+  }
+  return GNUNET_OK;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Store information about the commitment of the
+ * given coin for the given refresh session in the database.
+ *
+ * @param cls the `struct PostgresClosure` with the plugin-specific state
+ * @param session database connection to use
+ * @param session_hash hash to identify refresh session
+ * @param cnc_index cut and choose index (1st dimension)
+ * @param num_newcoins coin index size of the @a commit_coins array
+ * @param commit_coins array of coin commitments to store
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK on success
+ *         #GNUNET_SYSERR on error
+ */
+static int
+postgres_insert_refresh_commit_coins (void *cls,
+                                      struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session,
+                                      const struct GNUNET_HashCode *session_hash,
+                                      uint16_t cnc_index,
+                                      uint16_t num_newcoins,
+                                      const struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshCommitCoin *commit_coins)
+{
+  char *rle;
+  size_t rle_size;
+  PGresult *result;
+  unsigned int i;
+  uint16_t coin_off;
+
+  for (i=0;i<(unsigned int) num_newcoins;i++)
+  {
+    rle = TALER_refresh_link_encrypted_encode (commit_coins[i].refresh_link,
+                                               &rle_size);
+    if (NULL == rle)
+    {
+      GNUNET_break (0);
+      return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+    }
+    coin_off = (uint16_t) i;
+    {
+      struct GNUNET_PQ_QueryParam params[] = {
+        GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (session_hash),
+        GNUNET_PQ_query_param_uint16 (&cnc_index),
+        GNUNET_PQ_query_param_uint16 (&coin_off),
+        GNUNET_PQ_query_param_fixed_size (rle,
+                                         rle_size),
+        GNUNET_PQ_query_param_fixed_size (commit_coins[i].coin_ev,
+                                         commit_coins[i].coin_ev_size),
+        GNUNET_PQ_query_param_end
+      };
+      result = GNUNET_PQ_exec_prepared (session->conn,
+                                       "insert_refresh_commit_coin",
+                                       params);
+    }
+    GNUNET_free (rle);
+    if (PGRES_COMMAND_OK != PQresultStatus (result))
+    {
+      BREAK_DB_ERR (result);
+      PQclear (result);
+      return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+    }
+    if (0 != strcmp ("1", PQcmdTuples (result)))
+    {
+      GNUNET_break (0);
+      PQclear (result);
+      return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+    }
+    PQclear (result);
+  }
+  return GNUNET_OK;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * We allocated some @a commit_coin information, but now need
+ * to abort. Free allocated memory.
+ *
+ * @param commit_coins data to free (but not the array itself)
+ * @param commit_coins_len length of @a commit_coins array
+ */
+static void
+free_cc_result (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshCommitCoin *commit_coins,
+                unsigned int commit_coins_len)
+{
+  unsigned int i;
+
+  for (i=0;i<commit_coins_len;i++)
+  {
+    GNUNET_free (commit_coins[i].refresh_link);
+    commit_coins[i].refresh_link = NULL;
+    GNUNET_free (commit_coins[i].coin_ev);
+    commit_coins[i].coin_ev = NULL;
+    commit_coins[i].coin_ev_size = 0;
+  }
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Obtain information about the commitment of the
+ * given coin of the given refresh session from the database.
+ *
+ * @param cls the `struct PostgresClosure` with the plugin-specific state
+ * @param session database connection to use
+ * @param session_hash hash to identify refresh session
+ * @param cnc_index set index (1st dimension)
+ * @param num_newcoins size of the @a commit_coins array
+ * @param[out] commit_coins array of coin commitments to return
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK on success
+ *         #GNUNET_NO if not found
+ *         #GNUNET_SYSERR on error
+ */
+static int
+postgres_get_refresh_commit_coins (void *cls,
+                                   struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session,
+                                   const struct GNUNET_HashCode *session_hash,
+                                   uint16_t cnc_index,
+                                   uint16_t num_newcoins,
+                                   struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshCommitCoin *commit_coins)
+{
+  unsigned int i;
+
+  for (i=0;i<(unsigned int) num_newcoins;i++)
+  {
+    uint16_t newcoin_off = (uint16_t) i;
+    struct GNUNET_PQ_QueryParam params[] = {
+      GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (session_hash),
+      GNUNET_PQ_query_param_uint16 (&cnc_index),
+      GNUNET_PQ_query_param_uint16 (&newcoin_off),
+      GNUNET_PQ_query_param_end
+    };
+    void *c_buf;
+    size_t c_buf_size;
+    void *rl_buf;
+    size_t rl_buf_size;
+    struct TALER_RefreshLinkEncrypted *rl;
+    PGresult *result;
+
+    result = GNUNET_PQ_exec_prepared (session->conn,
+                                     "get_refresh_commit_coin",
+                                     params);
+    if (PGRES_TUPLES_OK != PQresultStatus (result))
+    {
+      BREAK_DB_ERR (result);
+      PQclear (result);
+      free_cc_result (commit_coins, i);
+      return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+    }
+    if (0 == PQntuples (result))
+    {
+      PQclear (result);
+      free_cc_result (commit_coins, i);
+      return GNUNET_NO;
+    }
+    {
+      struct GNUNET_PQ_ResultSpec rs[] = {
+        GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_variable_size ("link_vector_enc",
+                                            &rl_buf,
+                                            &rl_buf_size),
+        GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_variable_size ("coin_ev",
+                                            &c_buf,
+                                            &c_buf_size),
+        GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_end
+      };
+
+      if (GNUNET_YES !=
+          GNUNET_PQ_extract_result (result, rs, 0))
+      {
+        PQclear (result);
+        free_cc_result (commit_coins, i);
+        return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+      }
+    }
+    PQclear (result);
+    if (rl_buf_size < sizeof (struct TALER_CoinSpendPrivateKeyP))
+    {
+      GNUNET_free (c_buf);
+      GNUNET_free (rl_buf);
+      free_cc_result (commit_coins, i);
+      return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+    }
+    rl = TALER_refresh_link_encrypted_decode (rl_buf,
+                                              rl_buf_size);
+    GNUNET_free (rl_buf);
+    commit_coins[i].refresh_link = rl;
+    commit_coins[i].coin_ev = c_buf;
+    commit_coins[i].coin_ev_size = c_buf_size;
+  }
+  return GNUNET_YES;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Store the commitment to the given (encrypted) refresh link data
+ * for the given refresh session.
+ *
+ * @param cls the `struct PostgresClosure` with the plugin-specific state
+ * @param session database connection to use
+ * @param session_hash hash to identify refresh session
+ * @param cnc_index cut and choose index (1st dimension)
+ * @param num_links size of the @a links array to return
+ * @param[out] links array of link information to store return
+ * @return #GNUNET_SYSERR on internal error, #GNUNET_OK on success
+ */
+static int
+postgres_insert_refresh_commit_links (void *cls,
+                                      struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session,
+                                      const struct GNUNET_HashCode *session_hash,
+                                      uint16_t cnc_index,
+                                      uint16_t num_links,
+                                      const struct TALER_RefreshCommitLinkP *links)
+{
+  uint16_t i;
+
+  for (i=0;i<num_links;i++)
+  {
+    struct GNUNET_PQ_QueryParam params[] = {
+      GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (session_hash),
+      GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (&links[i].transfer_pub),
+      GNUNET_PQ_query_param_uint16 (&cnc_index),
+      GNUNET_PQ_query_param_uint16 (&i),
+      GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (&links[i].shared_secret_enc),
+      GNUNET_PQ_query_param_end
+    };
+
+    PGresult *result = GNUNET_PQ_exec_prepared (session->conn,
+					       "insert_refresh_commit_link",
+					       params);
+    if (PGRES_COMMAND_OK != PQresultStatus (result))
+    {
+      BREAK_DB_ERR (result);
+      PQclear (result);
+      return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+    }
+
+    if (0 != strcmp ("1", PQcmdTuples (result)))
+    {
+      GNUNET_break (0);
+      return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+    }
+    PQclear (result);
+  }
+  return GNUNET_OK;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Obtain the commited (encrypted) refresh link data
+ * for the given refresh session.
+ *
+ * @param cls the `struct PostgresClosure` with the plugin-specific state
+ * @param session database connection to use
+ * @param session_hash hash to identify refresh session
+ * @param cnc_index cut and choose index (1st dimension)
+ * @param num_links size of the @a commit_link array
+ * @param[out] links array of link information to return
+ * @return #GNUNET_SYSERR on internal error,
+ *         #GNUNET_NO if commitment was not found
+ *         #GNUNET_OK on success
+ */
+static int
+postgres_get_refresh_commit_links (void *cls,
+                                   struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session,
+                                   const struct GNUNET_HashCode *session_hash,
+                                   uint16_t cnc_index,
+                                   uint16_t num_links,
+                                   struct TALER_RefreshCommitLinkP *links)
+{
+  uint16_t i;
+
+  for (i=0;i<num_links;i++)
+  {
+    struct GNUNET_PQ_QueryParam params[] = {
+      GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (session_hash),
+      GNUNET_PQ_query_param_uint16 (&cnc_index),
+      GNUNET_PQ_query_param_uint16 (&i),
+      GNUNET_PQ_query_param_end
+    };
+    PGresult *result;
+
+    result = GNUNET_PQ_exec_prepared (session->conn,
+				     "get_refresh_commit_link",
+				     params);
+    if (PGRES_TUPLES_OK != PQresultStatus (result))
+    {
+      BREAK_DB_ERR (result);
+      PQclear (result);
+      return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+    }
+    if (0 == PQntuples (result))
+    {
+      PQclear (result);
+      return GNUNET_NO;
+    }
+    {
+      struct GNUNET_PQ_ResultSpec rs[] = {
+	GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_auto_from_type ("transfer_pub",
+					     &links[i].transfer_pub),
+	GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_auto_from_type ("link_secret_enc",
+					     &links[i].shared_secret_enc),
+	GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_end
+      };
+
+      if (GNUNET_YES !=
+	  GNUNET_PQ_extract_result (result, rs, 0))
+      {
+	PQclear (result);
+	return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+      }
+    }
+    PQclear (result);
+  }
+  return GNUNET_OK;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Get all of the information from the given melt commit operation.
+ *
+ * @param cls the @e cls of this struct with the plugin-specific state
+ * @param session database connection to use
+ * @param session_hash hash to identify refresh session
+ * @return NULL if the @a session_hash does not correspond to any known melt
+ *         operation
+ */
+static struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_MeltCommitment *
+postgres_get_melt_commitment (void *cls,
+                              struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session,
+                              const struct GNUNET_HashCode *session_hash)
+{
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshSession rs;
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_MeltCommitment *mc;
+  uint16_t cnc_index;
+  unsigned int i;
+
+  if (GNUNET_OK !=
+      postgres_get_refresh_session (cls,
+                                    session,
+                                    session_hash,
+                                    &rs))
+    return NULL;
+  mc = GNUNET_new (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_MeltCommitment);
+  mc->num_newcoins = rs.num_newcoins;
+  mc->num_oldcoins = rs.num_oldcoins;
+  mc->melts = GNUNET_malloc (mc->num_oldcoins *
+                             sizeof (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshMelt));
+  for (i=0;i<mc->num_oldcoins;i++)
+    if (GNUNET_OK !=
+        postgres_get_refresh_melt (cls,
+                                   session,
+                                   session_hash,
+                                   (uint16_t) i,
+                                   &mc->melts[i]))
+      goto cleanup;
+  mc->denom_pubs = GNUNET_malloc (mc->num_newcoins *
+                                  sizeof (struct TALER_DenominationPublicKey));
+  if (GNUNET_OK !=
+      postgres_get_refresh_order (cls,
+                                  session,
+                                  session_hash,
+                                  mc->num_newcoins,
+                                  mc->denom_pubs))
+    goto cleanup;
+  for (cnc_index=0;cnc_index<TALER_CNC_KAPPA;cnc_index++)
+  {
+    mc->commit_coins[cnc_index]
+      = GNUNET_malloc (mc->num_newcoins *
+                       sizeof (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshCommitCoin));
+    if (GNUNET_OK !=
+        postgres_get_refresh_commit_coins (cls,
+                                           session,
+                                           session_hash,
+                                           cnc_index,
+                                           mc->num_newcoins,
+                                           mc->commit_coins[cnc_index]))
+      goto cleanup;
+    mc->commit_links[cnc_index]
+      = GNUNET_malloc (mc->num_oldcoins *
+                       sizeof (struct TALER_RefreshCommitLinkP));
+    if (GNUNET_OK !=
+        postgres_get_refresh_commit_links (cls,
+                                           session,
+                                           session_hash,
+                                           cnc_index,
+                                           mc->num_oldcoins,
+                                           mc->commit_links[cnc_index]))
+      goto cleanup;
+  }
+  return mc;
+
+ cleanup:
+  common_free_melt_commitment (cls, mc);
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Insert signature of a new coin generated during refresh into
+ * the database indexed by the refresh session and the index
+ * of the coin.  This data is later used should an old coin
+ * be used to try to obtain the private keys during "/refresh/link".
+ *
+ * @param cls the `struct PostgresClosure` with the plugin-specific state
+ * @param session database connection
+ * @param session_hash hash to identify refresh session
+ * @param newcoin_index coin index
+ * @param ev_sig coin signature
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK on success
+ */
+static int
+postgres_insert_refresh_out (void *cls,
+                             struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session,
+                             const struct GNUNET_HashCode *session_hash,
+                             uint16_t newcoin_index,
+                             const struct TALER_DenominationSignature *ev_sig)
+{
+  PGresult *result;
+  struct GNUNET_PQ_QueryParam params[] = {
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (session_hash),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_uint16 (&newcoin_index),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_rsa_signature (ev_sig->rsa_signature),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_end
+  };
+
+  result = GNUNET_PQ_exec_prepared (session->conn,
+                                   "insert_refresh_out",
+                                   params);
+  if (PGRES_COMMAND_OK != PQresultStatus (result))
+  {
+    BREAK_DB_ERR (result);
+    PQclear (result);
+    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  }
+  PQclear (result);
+  return GNUNET_OK;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Obtain the link data of a coin, that is the encrypted link
+ * information, the denomination keys and the signatures.
+ *
+ * @param cls the `struct PostgresClosure` with the plugin-specific state
+ * @param session database connection
+ * @param session_hash refresh session to get linkage data for
+ * @return all known link data for the session
+ */
+static struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_LinkDataList *
+postgres_get_link_data_list (void *cls,
+                             struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session,
+                             const struct GNUNET_HashCode *session_hash)
+{
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_LinkDataList *ldl;
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_LinkDataList *pos;
+  int i;
+  int nrows;
+  struct GNUNET_PQ_QueryParam params[] = {
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (session_hash),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_end
+  };
+  PGresult *result;
+
+  result = GNUNET_PQ_exec_prepared (session->conn,
+                                   "get_link",
+                                   params);
+
+  ldl = NULL;
+  if (PGRES_TUPLES_OK != PQresultStatus (result))
+  {
+    BREAK_DB_ERR (result);
+    PQclear (result);
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  nrows = PQntuples (result);
+  if (0 == nrows)
+  {
+    PQclear (result);
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  for (i = 0; i < nrows; i++)
+  {
+    struct TALER_RefreshLinkEncrypted *link_enc;
+    struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_PublicKey *denom_pub;
+    struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_Signature *sig;
+    void *ld_buf;
+    size_t ld_buf_size;
+    struct GNUNET_PQ_ResultSpec rs[] = {
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_variable_size ("link_vector_enc",
+                                          &ld_buf,
+                                          &ld_buf_size),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_rsa_signature ("ev_sig",
+                                          &sig),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_rsa_public_key ("denom_pub",
+                                           &denom_pub),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_end
+    };
+
+    if (GNUNET_OK !=
+        GNUNET_PQ_extract_result (result, rs, i))
+    {
+      PQclear (result);
+      GNUNET_break (0);
+      common_free_link_data_list (cls,
+                                  ldl);
+      return NULL;
+    }
+    if (ld_buf_size < sizeof (struct GNUNET_CRYPTO_EddsaPrivateKey))
+    {
+      PQclear (result);
+      GNUNET_free (ld_buf);
+      common_free_link_data_list (cls,
+                                  ldl);
+      return NULL;
+    }
+    link_enc = TALER_refresh_link_encrypted_decode (ld_buf,
+                                                    ld_buf_size);
+    GNUNET_free (ld_buf);
+    pos = GNUNET_new (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_LinkDataList);
+    pos->next = ldl;
+    pos->link_data_enc = link_enc;
+    pos->denom_pub.rsa_public_key = denom_pub;
+    pos->ev_sig.rsa_signature = sig;
+    ldl = pos;
+  }
+  return ldl;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Obtain shared secret and transfer public key from the public key of
+ * the coin.  This information and the link information returned by
+ * #postgres_get_link_data_list() enable the owner of an old coin to
+ * determine the private keys of the new coins after the melt.
+ *
+ * @param cls the `struct PostgresClosure` with the plugin-specific state
+ * @param session database connection
+ * @param coin_pub public key of the coin
+ * @param tdc function to call for each session the coin was melted into
+ * @param tdc_cls closure for @a tdc
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK on success,
+ *         #GNUNET_NO on failure (not found)
+ *         #GNUNET_SYSERR on internal failure (database issue)
+ */
+static int
+postgres_get_transfer (void *cls,
+                       struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session,
+                       const struct TALER_CoinSpendPublicKeyP *coin_pub,
+                       TALER_EXCHANGEDB_TransferDataCallback tdc,
+                       void *tdc_cls)
+{
+  struct GNUNET_PQ_QueryParam params[] = {
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (coin_pub),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_end
+  };
+  PGresult *result;
+  int nrows;
+  int i;
+
+  result = GNUNET_PQ_exec_prepared (session->conn,
+                                   "get_transfer",
+                                   params);
+  if (PGRES_TUPLES_OK !=
+      PQresultStatus (result))
+  {
+    BREAK_DB_ERR (result);
+    PQclear (result);
+    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  }
+  nrows = PQntuples (result);
+  if (0 == nrows)
+  {
+    /* no matches found */
+    PQclear (result);
+    return GNUNET_NO;
+  }
+  for (i=0;i<nrows;i++)
+  {
+    struct GNUNET_HashCode session_hash;
+    struct TALER_TransferPublicKeyP transfer_pub;
+    struct TALER_EncryptedLinkSecretP shared_secret_enc;
+    struct GNUNET_PQ_ResultSpec rs[] = {
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_auto_from_type ("transfer_pub", &transfer_pub),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_auto_from_type ("link_secret_enc", &shared_secret_enc),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_auto_from_type ("session_hash", &session_hash),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_end
+    };
+
+    if (GNUNET_OK !=
+        GNUNET_PQ_extract_result (result, rs, 0))
+    {
+      PQclear (result);
+      GNUNET_break (0);
+      return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+    }
+    tdc (tdc_cls,
+         &session_hash,
+         &transfer_pub,
+         &shared_secret_enc);
+  }
+  PQclear (result);
+  return GNUNET_OK;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Compile a list of all (historic) transactions performed
+ * with the given coin (/refresh/melt and /deposit operations).
+ *
+ * @param cls the `struct PostgresClosure` with the plugin-specific state
+ * @param session database connection
+ * @param coin_pub coin to investigate
+ * @return list of transactions, NULL if coin is fresh
+ */
+static struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_TransactionList *
+postgres_get_coin_transactions (void *cls,
+                                struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session,
+                                const struct TALER_CoinSpendPublicKeyP *coin_pub)
+{
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_TransactionList *head;
+
+  head = NULL;
+  /* check deposits */
+  {
+    struct GNUNET_PQ_QueryParam params[] = {
+      GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (&coin_pub->eddsa_pub),
+      GNUNET_PQ_query_param_end
+    };
+    int nrows;
+    int i;
+    PGresult *result;
+    struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_TransactionList *tl;
+
+    result = GNUNET_PQ_exec_prepared (session->conn,
+                                     "get_deposit_with_coin_pub",
+                                     params);
+    if (PGRES_TUPLES_OK != PQresultStatus (result))
+    {
+      QUERY_ERR (result);
+      PQclear (result);
+      goto cleanup;
+    }
+    nrows = PQntuples (result);
+    for (i = 0; i < nrows; i++)
+    {
+      struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Deposit *deposit;
+
+      deposit = GNUNET_new (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Deposit);
+      {
+        struct GNUNET_PQ_ResultSpec rs[] = {
+          GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_rsa_public_key ("denom_pub",
+                                               &deposit->coin.denom_pub.rsa_public_key),
+          GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_rsa_signature ("denom_sig",
+                                              &deposit->coin.denom_sig.rsa_signature),
+          GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_uint64 ("transaction_id",
+                                       &deposit->transaction_id),
+          TALER_PQ_result_spec_amount ("amount_with_fee",
+                                       &deposit->amount_with_fee),
+          TALER_PQ_result_spec_amount ("deposit_fee",
+                                       &deposit->deposit_fee),
+          GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_absolute_time ("timestamp",
+                                              &deposit->timestamp),
+          GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_absolute_time ("refund_deadline",
+                                              &deposit->refund_deadline),
+          GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_auto_from_type ("merchant_pub",
+                                               &deposit->merchant_pub),
+          GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_auto_from_type ("h_contract",
+                                               &deposit->h_contract),
+          GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_auto_from_type ("h_wire",
+                                               &deposit->h_wire),
+          TALER_PQ_result_spec_json ("wire",
+                                     &deposit->wire),
+          GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_auto_from_type ("coin_sig",
+                                               &deposit->csig),
+          GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_end
+        };
+
+        if (GNUNET_OK !=
+            GNUNET_PQ_extract_result (result, rs, i))
+        {
+          GNUNET_break (0);
+          GNUNET_free (deposit);
+          PQclear (result);
+          goto cleanup;
+        }
+        deposit->coin.coin_pub = *coin_pub;
+      }
+      tl = GNUNET_new (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_TransactionList);
+      tl->next = head;
+      tl->type = TALER_EXCHANGEDB_TT_DEPOSIT;
+      tl->details.deposit = deposit;
+      head = tl;
+      continue;
+    }
+    PQclear (result);
+  }
+  /* Handle refreshing */
+  {
+    struct GNUNET_PQ_QueryParam params[] = {
+      GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (&coin_pub->eddsa_pub),
+      GNUNET_PQ_query_param_end
+    };
+    int nrows;
+    int i;
+    PGresult *result;
+    struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_TransactionList *tl;
+
+    /* check if the melt record exists and get it */
+    result = GNUNET_PQ_exec_prepared (session->conn,
+                                     "get_refresh_melt_by_coin",
+                                     params);
+    if (PGRES_TUPLES_OK != PQresultStatus (result))
+    {
+      BREAK_DB_ERR (result);
+      PQclear (result);
+      goto cleanup;
+    }
+    nrows = PQntuples (result);
+    for (i=0;i<nrows;i++)
+    {
+      struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshMelt *melt;
+
+      melt = GNUNET_new (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshMelt);
+      {
+        struct GNUNET_PQ_ResultSpec rs[] = {
+          GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_auto_from_type ("session_hash",
+                                               &melt->session_hash),
+          /* oldcoin_index not needed */
+          GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_auto_from_type ("coin_sig",
+                                               &melt->coin_sig),
+          TALER_PQ_result_spec_amount ("amount_with_fee",
+                                       &melt->amount_with_fee),
+          TALER_PQ_result_spec_amount ("melt_fee",
+                                       &melt->melt_fee),
+          GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_end
+        };
+        if (GNUNET_OK !=
+            GNUNET_PQ_extract_result (result, rs, 0))
+        {
+          GNUNET_break (0);
+          GNUNET_free (melt);
+          PQclear (result);
+          goto cleanup;
+        }
+	melt->coin.coin_pub = *coin_pub;
+      }
+      tl = GNUNET_new (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_TransactionList);
+      tl->next = head;
+      tl->type = TALER_EXCHANGEDB_TT_REFRESH_MELT;
+      tl->details.melt = melt;
+      head = tl;
+      continue;
+    }
+    PQclear (result);
+  }
+  return head;
+ cleanup:
+  if (NULL != head)
+    common_free_coin_transaction_list (cls,
+                                       head);
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Lookup the list of Taler transactions that were aggregated
+ * into a wire transfer by the respective @a wtid.
+ *
+ * @param cls closure
+ * @param session database connection
+ * @param wtid the raw wire transfer identifier we used
+ * @param cb function to call on each transaction found
+ * @param cb_cls closure for @a cb
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK on success, #GNUNET_SYSERR on database errors,
+ *         #GNUNET_NO if we found no results
+ */
+static int
+postgres_lookup_wire_transfer (void *cls,
+                               struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session,
+                               const struct TALER_WireTransferIdentifierRawP *wtid,
+                               TALER_EXCHANGEDB_WireTransferDataCallback cb,
+                               void *cb_cls)
+{
+  PGresult *result;
+  struct GNUNET_PQ_QueryParam params[] = {
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (wtid),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_end
+  };
+  int nrows;
+  int i;
+
+  /* check if the melt record exists and get it */
+  result = GNUNET_PQ_exec_prepared (session->conn,
+                                   "lookup_transactions",
+                                   params);
+  if (PGRES_TUPLES_OK != PQresultStatus (result))
+  {
+    BREAK_DB_ERR (result);
+    PQclear (result);
+    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  }
+  nrows = PQntuples (result);
+  if (0 == nrows)
+  {
+    GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
+                "lookup_wire_transfer() returned 0 matching rows\n");
+    PQclear (result);
+    return GNUNET_NO;
+  }
+  for (i=0;i<nrows;i++)
+  {
+    struct GNUNET_HashCode h_contract;
+    struct GNUNET_HashCode h_wire;
+    struct TALER_CoinSpendPublicKeyP coin_pub;
+    struct TALER_MerchantPublicKeyP merchant_pub;
+    uint64_t transaction_id;
+    struct GNUNET_TIME_Absolute exec_time;
+    struct TALER_Amount coin_amount;
+    struct TALER_Amount coin_fee;
+    struct GNUNET_PQ_ResultSpec rs[] = {
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_auto_from_type ("h_contract", &h_contract),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_auto_from_type ("h_wire", &h_wire),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_auto_from_type ("coin_pub", &coin_pub),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_auto_from_type ("merchant_pub", &merchant_pub),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_uint64 ("transaction_id", &transaction_id),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_absolute_time ("execution_time", &exec_time),
+      TALER_PQ_result_spec_amount ("coin_amount", &coin_amount),
+      TALER_PQ_result_spec_amount ("coin_fee", &coin_fee),
+       GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_end
+    };
+    if (GNUNET_OK != GNUNET_PQ_extract_result (result, rs, i))
+    {
+      GNUNET_break (0);
+      PQclear (result);
+      return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+    }
+    cb (cb_cls,
+        &merchant_pub,
+        &h_wire,
+        &h_contract,
+        transaction_id,
+        &coin_pub,
+        &coin_amount,
+        &coin_fee);
+  }
+  PQclear (result);
+  return GNUNET_OK;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Try to find the wire transfer details for a deposit operation.
+ * If we did not execute the deposit yet, return when it is supposed
+ * to be executed.
+ *
+ * @param cls closure
+ * @param session database connection
+ * @param h_contract hash of the contract
+ * @param h_wire hash of merchant wire details
+ * @param coin_pub public key of deposited coin
+ * @param merchant_pub merchant public key
+ * @param transaction_id transaction identifier
+ * @param cb function to call with the result
+ * @param cb_cls closure to pass to @a cb
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK on success, #GNUNET_SYSERR on DB errors,
+ *         #GNUNET_NO if nothing was found
+ */
+static int
+postgres_wire_lookup_deposit_wtid (void *cls,
+                                   struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session,
+				   const struct GNUNET_HashCode *h_contract,
+				   const struct GNUNET_HashCode *h_wire,
+				   const struct TALER_CoinSpendPublicKeyP *coin_pub,
+				   const struct TALER_MerchantPublicKeyP *merchant_pub,
+				   uint64_t transaction_id,
+				   TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DepositWtidCallback cb,
+				   void *cb_cls)
+{
+  PGresult *result;
+  struct GNUNET_PQ_QueryParam params[] = {
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (coin_pub),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (h_contract),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (h_wire),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_uint64 (&transaction_id),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (merchant_pub),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_end
+  };
+  int nrows;
+
+  /* check if the melt record exists and get it */
+  result = GNUNET_PQ_exec_prepared (session->conn,
+                                   "lookup_deposit_wtid",
+                                   params);
+  if (PGRES_TUPLES_OK != PQresultStatus (result))
+  {
+    BREAK_DB_ERR (result);
+    PQclear (result);
+    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  }
+  nrows = PQntuples (result);
+  if (0 == nrows)
+  {
+    GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
+                "lookup_deposit_wtid returned 0 matching rows\n");
+    PQclear (result);
+
+    /* Check if transaction exists in deposits, so that we just
+       do not have a WTID yet, if so, do call the CB with a NULL wtid
+       and return GNUNET_YES! */
+    {
+      struct GNUNET_PQ_QueryParam params2[] = {
+        GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (coin_pub),
+        GNUNET_PQ_query_param_uint64 (&transaction_id),
+        GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (merchant_pub),
+        GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (h_contract),
+        GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (h_wire),
+        GNUNET_PQ_query_param_end
+      };
+
+      result = GNUNET_PQ_exec_prepared (session->conn,
+                                       "get_deposit_for_wtid",
+                                       params2);
+      if (PGRES_TUPLES_OK != PQresultStatus (result))
+      {
+        BREAK_DB_ERR (result);
+        PQclear (result);
+        return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+      }
+    }
+    nrows = PQntuples (result);
+    if (0 == nrows)
+    {
+      GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_DEBUG,
+                  "get_deposit_for_wtid returned 0 matching rows\n");
+      PQclear (result);
+      return GNUNET_NO;
+    }
+
+    /* Ok, we're aware of the transaction, but it has not yet been
+       executed */
+    {
+      struct GNUNET_TIME_Absolute exec_time;
+      struct TALER_Amount coin_amount;
+      struct TALER_Amount coin_fee;
+      struct GNUNET_PQ_ResultSpec rs[] = {
+        TALER_PQ_result_spec_amount ("amount_with_fee", &coin_amount),
+        TALER_PQ_result_spec_amount ("deposit_fee", &coin_fee),
+        GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_absolute_time ("wire_deadline", &exec_time),
+        GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_end
+      };
+
+      if (GNUNET_OK != GNUNET_PQ_extract_result (result, rs, 0))
+      {
+        GNUNET_break (0);
+        PQclear (result);
+        return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+      }
+      cb (cb_cls,
+          NULL,
+          &coin_amount,
+          &coin_fee,
+          exec_time);
+      PQclear (result);
+      return GNUNET_YES;
+    }
+  }
+  if (1 != nrows)
+  {
+    GNUNET_break (0);
+    PQclear (result);
+    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  }
+  {
+    struct TALER_WireTransferIdentifierRawP wtid;
+    struct GNUNET_TIME_Absolute exec_time;
+    struct TALER_Amount coin_amount;
+    struct TALER_Amount coin_fee;
+    struct GNUNET_PQ_ResultSpec rs[] = {
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_auto_from_type ("wtid_raw", &wtid),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_absolute_time ("execution_time", &exec_time),
+      TALER_PQ_result_spec_amount ("coin_amount", &coin_amount),
+      TALER_PQ_result_spec_amount ("coin_fee", &coin_fee),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_end
+    };
+    if (GNUNET_OK != GNUNET_PQ_extract_result (result, rs, 0))
+    {
+      GNUNET_break (0);
+      PQclear (result);
+      return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+    }
+    cb (cb_cls,
+        &wtid,
+        &coin_amount,
+        &coin_fee,
+        exec_time);
+  }
+  PQclear (result);
+  return GNUNET_OK;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Function called to insert aggregation information into the DB.
+ *
+ * @param cls closure
+ * @param session database connection
+ * @param wtid the raw wire transfer identifier we used
+ * @param merchant_pub public key of the merchant (should be same for all callbacks with the same @e cls)
+ * @param h_wire hash of wire transfer details of the merchant (should be same for all callbacks with the same @e cls)
+ * @param h_contract which contract was this payment about
+ * @param transaction_id merchant's transaction ID for the payment
+ * @param coin_pub which public key was this payment about
+ * @param coin_value amount contributed by this coin in total
+ * @param coin_fee deposit fee charged by exchange for this coin
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK on success, #GNUNET_SYSERR on DB errors
+ */
+static int
+postgres_insert_aggregation_tracking (void *cls,
+                                      struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session,
+                                      const struct TALER_WireTransferIdentifierRawP *wtid,
+                                      const struct TALER_MerchantPublicKeyP *merchant_pub,
+                                      const struct GNUNET_HashCode *h_wire,
+                                      const struct GNUNET_HashCode *h_contract,
+                                      uint64_t transaction_id,
+                                      struct GNUNET_TIME_Absolute execution_time,
+                                      const struct TALER_CoinSpendPublicKeyP *coin_pub,
+                                      const struct TALER_Amount *coin_value,
+                                      const struct TALER_Amount *coin_fee)
+{
+  struct GNUNET_PQ_QueryParam params[] = {
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (h_contract),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (h_wire),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (coin_pub),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (merchant_pub),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_uint64 (&transaction_id),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_auto_from_type (wtid),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_absolute_time (&execution_time),
+    TALER_PQ_query_param_amount (coin_value),
+    TALER_PQ_query_param_amount (coin_fee),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_end
+  };
+  PGresult *result;
+
+  result = GNUNET_PQ_exec_prepared (session->conn,
+                                   "insert_aggregation_tracking",
+                                   params);
+  if (PGRES_COMMAND_OK != PQresultStatus (result))
+  {
+    BREAK_DB_ERR (result);
+    PQclear (result);
+    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  }
+  if (0 != strcmp ("1", PQcmdTuples (result)))
+  {
+    GNUNET_break (0);
+    PQclear (result);
+    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  }
+  PQclear (result);
+  return GNUNET_OK;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Function called to insert wire transfer commit data into the DB.
+ *
+ * @param cls closure
+ * @param session database connection
+ * @param type type of the wire transfer (i.e. "sepa")
+ * @param buf buffer with wire transfer preparation data
+ * @param buf_size number of bytes in @a buf
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK on success, #GNUNET_SYSERR on DB errors
+ */
+static int
+postgres_wire_prepare_data_insert (void *cls,
+                                   struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session,
+                                   const char *type,
+                                   const char *buf,
+                                   size_t buf_size)
+{
+  PGresult *result;
+  struct GNUNET_PQ_QueryParam params[] = {
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_fixed_size (type, strlen (type) + 1),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_fixed_size (buf, buf_size),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_end
+  };
+
+  result = GNUNET_PQ_exec_prepared (session->conn,
+                                   "wire_prepare_data_insert",
+                                   params);
+  if (PGRES_COMMAND_OK != PQresultStatus (result))
+  {
+    BREAK_DB_ERR (result);
+    PQclear (result);
+    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  }
+  PQclear (result);
+  return GNUNET_OK;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Function called to mark wire transfer commit data as finished.
+ *
+ * @param cls closure
+ * @param session database connection
+ * @param rowid which entry to mark as finished
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK on success, #GNUNET_SYSERR on DB errors
+ */
+static int
+postgres_wire_prepare_data_mark_finished (void *cls,
+                                          struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session,
+                                          unsigned long long rowid)
+{
+  uint64_t serial_id = rowid;
+  struct GNUNET_PQ_QueryParam params[] = {
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_uint64 (&serial_id),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_end
+  };
+  PGresult *result;
+
+  result = GNUNET_PQ_exec_prepared (session->conn,
+                                   "wire_prepare_data_mark_done",
+                                   params);
+  if (PGRES_COMMAND_OK !=
+      PQresultStatus (result))
+  {
+    BREAK_DB_ERR (result);
+    PQclear (result);
+    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  }
+  PQclear (result);
+  return GNUNET_OK;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Function called to get an unfinished wire transfer
+ * preparation data. Fetches at most one item.
+ *
+ * @param cls closure
+ * @param session database connection
+ * @param type type fo the wire transfer (i.e. "sepa")
+ * @param cb function to call for ONE unfinished item
+ * @param cb_cls closure for @a cb
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK on success,
+ *         #GNUNET_NO if there are no entries,
+ *         #GNUNET_SYSERR on DB errors
+ */
+static int
+postgres_wire_prepare_data_get (void *cls,
+                                struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session,
+                                const char *type,
+                                TALER_EXCHANGEDB_WirePreparationCallback cb,
+                                void *cb_cls)
+{
+  PGresult *result;
+  struct GNUNET_PQ_QueryParam params[] = {
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_fixed_size (type, strlen (type) + 1),
+    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_end
+  };
+
+  result = GNUNET_PQ_exec_prepared (session->conn,
+                                   "wire_prepare_data_get",
+                                   params);
+  if (PGRES_TUPLES_OK != PQresultStatus (result))
+  {
+    QUERY_ERR (result);
+    PQclear (result);
+    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  }
+  if (0 == PQntuples (result))
+  {
+    PQclear (result);
+    return GNUNET_NO;
+  }
+  if (1 != PQntuples (result))
+  {
+    GNUNET_break (0);
+    PQclear (result);
+    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  }
+
+  {
+    uint64_t serial_id;
+    void *buf = NULL;
+    size_t buf_size;
+    struct GNUNET_PQ_ResultSpec rs[] = {
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_uint64 ("serial_id",
+                                   &serial_id),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_variable_size ("buf",
+                                          &buf,
+                                          &buf_size),
+      GNUNET_PQ_result_spec_end
+    };
+
+    if (GNUNET_OK !=
+        GNUNET_PQ_extract_result (result,
+                                 rs,
+                                 0))
+    {
+      GNUNET_break (0);
+      PQclear (result);
+      return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+    }
+    cb (cb_cls,
+        serial_id,
+        buf,
+        buf_size);
+    GNUNET_PQ_cleanup_result (rs);
+  }
+  PQclear (result);
+  return GNUNET_OK;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Initialize Postgres database subsystem.
+ *
+ * @param cls a configuration instance
+ * @return NULL on error, otherwise a `struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Plugin`
+ */
+void *
+libtaler_plugin_exchangedb_postgres_init (void *cls)
+{
+  struct GNUNET_CONFIGURATION_Handle *cfg = cls;
+  struct PostgresClosure *pg;
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Plugin *plugin;
+
+  pg = GNUNET_new (struct PostgresClosure);
+
+  if (0 != pthread_key_create (&pg->db_conn_threadlocal,
+                               &db_conn_destroy))
+  {
+    TALER_LOG_ERROR ("Cannnot create pthread key.\n");
+    GNUNET_free (pg);
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  if (GNUNET_OK !=
+      GNUNET_CONFIGURATION_get_value_string (cfg,
+                                             "exchangedb-postgres",
+                                             "db_conn_str",
+                                             &pg->connection_cfg_str))
+  {
+    GNUNET_log_config_missing (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
+                               "exchangedb-postgres",
+                               "db_conn_str");
+    GNUNET_free (pg);
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  plugin = GNUNET_new (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Plugin);
+  plugin->cls = pg;
+  plugin->get_session = &postgres_get_session;
+  plugin->drop_temporary = &postgres_drop_temporary;
+  plugin->create_tables = &postgres_create_tables;
+  plugin->start = &postgres_start;
+  plugin->commit = &postgres_commit;
+  plugin->rollback = &postgres_rollback;
+  plugin->insert_denomination_info = &postgres_insert_denomination_info;
+  plugin->get_denomination_info = &postgres_get_denomination_info;
+  plugin->reserve_get = &postgres_reserve_get;
+  plugin->reserves_in_insert = &postgres_reserves_in_insert;
+  plugin->get_withdraw_info = &postgres_get_withdraw_info;
+  plugin->insert_withdraw_info = &postgres_insert_withdraw_info;
+  plugin->get_reserve_history = &postgres_get_reserve_history;
+  plugin->free_reserve_history = &common_free_reserve_history;
+  plugin->have_deposit = &postgres_have_deposit;
+  plugin->mark_deposit_tiny = &postgres_mark_deposit_tiny;
+  plugin->mark_deposit_done = &postgres_mark_deposit_done;
+  plugin->get_ready_deposit = &postgres_get_ready_deposit;
+  plugin->iterate_matching_deposits = &postgres_iterate_matching_deposits;
+  plugin->insert_deposit = &postgres_insert_deposit;
+  plugin->get_refresh_session = &postgres_get_refresh_session;
+  plugin->create_refresh_session = &postgres_create_refresh_session;
+  plugin->insert_refresh_melt = &postgres_insert_refresh_melt;
+  plugin->get_refresh_melt = &postgres_get_refresh_melt;
+  plugin->insert_refresh_order = &postgres_insert_refresh_order;
+  plugin->get_refresh_order = &postgres_get_refresh_order;
+  plugin->insert_refresh_commit_coins = &postgres_insert_refresh_commit_coins;
+  plugin->get_refresh_commit_coins = &postgres_get_refresh_commit_coins;
+  plugin->insert_refresh_commit_links = &postgres_insert_refresh_commit_links;
+  plugin->get_refresh_commit_links = &postgres_get_refresh_commit_links;
+  plugin->get_melt_commitment = &postgres_get_melt_commitment;
+  plugin->free_melt_commitment = &common_free_melt_commitment;
+  plugin->insert_refresh_out = &postgres_insert_refresh_out;
+  plugin->get_link_data_list = &postgres_get_link_data_list;
+  plugin->free_link_data_list = &common_free_link_data_list;
+  plugin->get_transfer = &postgres_get_transfer;
+  plugin->get_coin_transactions = &postgres_get_coin_transactions;
+  plugin->free_coin_transaction_list = &common_free_coin_transaction_list;
+  plugin->lookup_wire_transfer = &postgres_lookup_wire_transfer;
+  plugin->wire_lookup_deposit_wtid = &postgres_wire_lookup_deposit_wtid;
+  plugin->insert_aggregation_tracking = &postgres_insert_aggregation_tracking;
+  plugin->wire_prepare_data_insert = &postgres_wire_prepare_data_insert;
+  plugin->wire_prepare_data_mark_finished = &postgres_wire_prepare_data_mark_finished;
+  plugin->wire_prepare_data_get = &postgres_wire_prepare_data_get;
+  return plugin;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Shutdown Postgres database subsystem.
+ *
+ * @param cls a `struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Plugin`
+ * @return NULL (always)
+ */
+void *
+libtaler_plugin_exchangedb_postgres_done (void *cls)
+{
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Plugin *plugin = cls;
+  struct PostgresClosure *pg = plugin->cls;
+
+  GNUNET_free (pg->connection_cfg_str);
+  GNUNET_free (pg);
+  GNUNET_free (plugin);
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+/* end of plugin_exchangedb_postgres.c */
diff --git a/src/exchangedb/test-exchange-db-postgres.conf b/src/exchangedb/test-exchange-db-postgres.conf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0822bab44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/exchangedb/test-exchange-db-postgres.conf
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+[exchange]
+#The DB plugin to use
+DB = postgres
+
+[exchangedb-postgres]
+
+#The connection string the plugin has to use for connecting to the database
+DB_CONN_STR = postgres:///talercheck
diff --git a/src/exchangedb/test_exchangedb.c b/src/exchangedb/test_exchangedb.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..df1adf561
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/exchangedb/test_exchangedb.c
@@ -0,0 +1,907 @@
+/*
+  This file is part of TALER
+  Copyright (C) 2014, 2015, 2016 GNUnet e.V.
+
+  TALER is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
+  terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
+  Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option) any later version.
+
+  TALER is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
+  WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
+  A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
+  TALER; see the file COPYING.  If not, If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>
+*/
+/**
+ * @file exchangedb/test_exchangedb.c
+ * @brief test cases for DB interaction functions
+ * @author Sree Harsha Totakura <sreeharsha@totakura.in>
+ */
+#include "platform.h"
+#include "taler_exchangedb_lib.h"
+#include "taler_exchangedb_plugin.h"
+
+static int result;
+
+#define FAILIF(cond)                              \
+  do {                                          \
+    if (!(cond)){ break;}                      \
+    GNUNET_break (0);                           \
+    goto drop;                                  \
+  } while (0)
+
+
+#define RND_BLK(ptr)                                                    \
+  GNUNET_CRYPTO_random_block (GNUNET_CRYPTO_QUALITY_WEAK, ptr, sizeof (*ptr))
+
+#define ZR_BLK(ptr) \
+  memset (ptr, 0, sizeof (*ptr))
+
+
+#define CURRENCY "EUR"
+
+static struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Plugin *plugin;
+
+/**
+ * Checks if the given reserve has the given amount of balance and expiry
+ *
+ * @param session the database connection
+ * @param pub the public key of the reserve
+ * @param value balance value
+ * @param fraction balance fraction
+ * @param currency currency of the reserve
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK if the given reserve has the same balance and expiration
+ *           as the given parameters; #GNUNET_SYSERR if not
+ */
+static int
+check_reserve (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session,
+               const struct TALER_ReservePublicKeyP *pub,
+               uint64_t value,
+               uint32_t fraction,
+               const char *currency)
+{
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Reserve reserve;
+
+  reserve.pub = *pub;
+
+  FAILIF (GNUNET_OK !=
+          plugin->reserve_get (plugin->cls,
+                               session,
+                               &reserve));
+  FAILIF (value != reserve.balance.value);
+  FAILIF (fraction != reserve.balance.fraction);
+  FAILIF (0 != strcmp (currency, reserve.balance.currency));
+
+  return GNUNET_OK;
+ drop:
+  return GNUNET_SYSERR;
+}
+
+
+struct DenomKeyPair
+{
+  struct TALER_DenominationPrivateKey priv;
+  struct TALER_DenominationPublicKey pub;
+};
+
+
+/**
+ * Destroy a denomination key pair.  The key is not necessarily removed from the DB.
+ *
+ * @param dkp the keypair to destroy
+ */
+static void
+destroy_denom_key_pair (struct DenomKeyPair *dkp)
+{
+  GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_public_key_free (dkp->pub.rsa_public_key);
+  GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_private_key_free (dkp->priv.rsa_private_key);
+  GNUNET_free (dkp);
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Create a denominaiton key pair by registering the denomination in the DB.
+ *
+ * @param size the size of the denomination key
+ * @param session the DB session
+ * @return the denominaiton key pair; NULL upon error
+ */
+static struct DenomKeyPair *
+create_denom_key_pair (unsigned int size,
+                       struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session,
+                       const struct TALER_Amount *value,
+                       const struct TALER_Amount *fee_withdraw,
+                       const struct TALER_Amount *fee_deposit,
+                       const struct TALER_Amount *fee_refresh)
+{
+  struct DenomKeyPair *dkp;
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DenominationKeyIssueInformation dki;
+
+  dkp = GNUNET_new (struct DenomKeyPair);
+  dkp->priv.rsa_private_key = GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_private_key_create (size);
+  GNUNET_assert (NULL != dkp->priv.rsa_private_key);
+  dkp->pub.rsa_public_key
+    = GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_private_key_get_public (dkp->priv.rsa_private_key);
+
+  /* Using memset() as fields like master key and signature
+     are not properly initialized for this test. */
+  memset (&dki,
+          0,
+          sizeof (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DenominationKeyIssueInformation));
+  dki.denom_pub = dkp->pub;
+  dki.issue.properties.start = GNUNET_TIME_absolute_hton (GNUNET_TIME_absolute_get ());
+  dki.issue.properties.expire_withdraw = GNUNET_TIME_absolute_hton
+      (GNUNET_TIME_absolute_add (GNUNET_TIME_absolute_get (),
+                                 GNUNET_TIME_UNIT_HOURS));
+  dki.issue.properties.expire_spend = GNUNET_TIME_absolute_hton
+      (GNUNET_TIME_absolute_add
+       (GNUNET_TIME_absolute_get (),
+        GNUNET_TIME_relative_multiply (GNUNET_TIME_UNIT_HOURS, 2)));
+  dki.issue.properties.expire_legal = GNUNET_TIME_absolute_hton
+      (GNUNET_TIME_absolute_add
+       (GNUNET_TIME_absolute_get (),
+        GNUNET_TIME_relative_multiply (GNUNET_TIME_UNIT_HOURS, 3)));
+  TALER_amount_hton (&dki.issue.properties.value, value);
+  TALER_amount_hton (&dki.issue.properties.fee_withdraw, fee_withdraw);
+  TALER_amount_hton (&dki.issue.properties.fee_deposit, fee_deposit);
+  TALER_amount_hton (&dki.issue.properties.fee_refresh, fee_refresh);
+  GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_public_key_hash (dkp->pub.rsa_public_key,
+                                     &dki.issue.properties.denom_hash);
+  if (GNUNET_OK !=
+      plugin->insert_denomination_info (plugin->cls,
+                                        session,
+                                        &dki.denom_pub,
+                                        &dki.issue))
+  {
+    GNUNET_break(0);
+    destroy_denom_key_pair (dkp);
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  return dkp;
+}
+
+static struct TALER_Amount value;
+static struct TALER_Amount fee_withdraw;
+static struct TALER_Amount fee_deposit;
+static struct TALER_Amount fee_refresh;
+static struct TALER_Amount amount_with_fee;
+
+static void
+free_refresh_commit_coins_array(struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshCommitCoin
+                                *commit_coins,
+                                unsigned int size)
+{
+  unsigned int cnt;
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshCommitCoin *ccoin;
+  struct TALER_RefreshLinkEncrypted *rlink;
+
+  for (cnt = 0; cnt < size; cnt++)
+  {
+    ccoin = &commit_coins[cnt];
+    GNUNET_free_non_null (ccoin->coin_ev);
+    rlink = (struct TALER_RefreshLinkEncrypted *) ccoin->refresh_link;
+    GNUNET_free_non_null (rlink);
+  }
+  GNUNET_free (commit_coins);
+}
+
+#define MELT_NEW_COINS 5
+
+static int
+test_refresh_commit_coins (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session,
+                           struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshSession *refresh_session,
+                           const struct GNUNET_HashCode *session_hash)
+{
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshCommitCoin *commit_coins;
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshCommitCoin *ret_commit_coins;
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshCommitCoin *a_ccoin;
+  struct TALER_RefreshLinkEncrypted *a_rlink;
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshCommitCoin *b_ccoin;
+  struct TALER_RefreshLinkEncrypted *b_rlink;
+  size_t size;
+  unsigned int cnt;
+  uint16_t cnc_index;
+  int ret;
+
+  #define COIN_ENC_MAX_SIZE 512
+  ret = GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  ret_commit_coins = NULL;
+  commit_coins = GNUNET_new_array (MELT_NEW_COINS,
+                                   struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshCommitCoin);
+  cnc_index = (uint16_t) GNUNET_CRYPTO_random_u32
+      (GNUNET_CRYPTO_QUALITY_WEAK, GNUNET_MIN (MELT_NEW_COINS, UINT16_MAX));
+  for (cnt=0; cnt < MELT_NEW_COINS; cnt++)
+  {
+    struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshCommitCoin *ccoin;
+    struct TALER_RefreshLinkEncrypted *rlink;
+    ccoin = &commit_coins[cnt];
+    size = GNUNET_CRYPTO_random_u64 (GNUNET_CRYPTO_QUALITY_WEAK,
+                                  COIN_ENC_MAX_SIZE);
+    rlink = GNUNET_malloc (sizeof (struct TALER_RefreshLinkEncrypted) + size);
+    ccoin->refresh_link = rlink;
+    ccoin->coin_ev_size = GNUNET_CRYPTO_random_u64
+        (GNUNET_CRYPTO_QUALITY_WEAK, COIN_ENC_MAX_SIZE);
+    ccoin->coin_ev = GNUNET_malloc (ccoin->coin_ev_size);
+    GNUNET_CRYPTO_random_block (GNUNET_CRYPTO_QUALITY_WEAK,
+                                ccoin->coin_ev,
+                                ccoin->coin_ev_size);
+    rlink->blinding_key_enc_size = size;
+    RND_BLK (&rlink->coin_priv_enc);
+    rlink->blinding_key_enc = (const char *) &rlink[1];
+    GNUNET_CRYPTO_random_block (GNUNET_CRYPTO_QUALITY_WEAK,
+                                (void *)rlink->blinding_key_enc,
+                                rlink->blinding_key_enc_size);
+  }
+  FAILIF (GNUNET_OK !=
+          plugin->insert_refresh_commit_coins (plugin->cls,
+                                               session,
+                                               session_hash,
+                                               cnc_index,
+                                               MELT_NEW_COINS,
+                                               commit_coins));
+  ret_commit_coins = GNUNET_new_array (MELT_NEW_COINS,
+                                       struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshCommitCoin);
+  FAILIF (GNUNET_OK !=
+          plugin->get_refresh_commit_coins (plugin->cls,
+                                            session,
+                                            session_hash,
+                                            cnc_index,
+                                            MELT_NEW_COINS,
+                                            ret_commit_coins));
+  /* compare the refresh commit coin arrays */
+  for (cnt = 0; cnt < MELT_NEW_COINS; cnt++)
+  {
+    a_ccoin = &commit_coins[cnt];
+    b_ccoin = &ret_commit_coins[cnt];
+    FAILIF (a_ccoin->coin_ev_size != b_ccoin->coin_ev_size);
+    FAILIF (0 != memcmp (a_ccoin->coin_ev,
+                         a_ccoin->coin_ev,
+                         a_ccoin->coin_ev_size));
+    a_rlink = a_ccoin->refresh_link;
+    b_rlink = b_ccoin->refresh_link;
+    FAILIF (a_rlink->blinding_key_enc_size != b_rlink->blinding_key_enc_size);
+    FAILIF (0 != memcmp (a_rlink->blinding_key_enc,
+                         b_rlink->blinding_key_enc,
+                         a_rlink->blinding_key_enc_size));
+    FAILIF (0 != memcmp (a_rlink->coin_priv_enc,
+                         b_rlink->coin_priv_enc,
+                         sizeof (a_rlink->coin_priv_enc)));
+  }
+  ret = GNUNET_OK;
+
+ drop:
+  if (NULL != ret_commit_coins)
+    free_refresh_commit_coins_array (ret_commit_coins, MELT_NEW_COINS);
+  if (NULL != commit_coins)
+    free_refresh_commit_coins_array (commit_coins, MELT_NEW_COINS);
+  return ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Function to test melting of coins as part of a refresh session
+ *
+ * @param session the database session
+ * @param refresh_session the refresh session
+ * @return #GNUNET_OK if everything went well; #GNUNET_SYSERR if not
+ */
+static int
+test_melting (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session)
+{
+#define MELT_OLD_COINS 10
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshSession refresh_session;
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshSession ret_refresh_session;
+  struct GNUNET_HashCode session_hash;
+  struct DenomKeyPair *dkp;
+  struct DenomKeyPair **new_dkp;
+  /* struct TALER_CoinPublicInfo *coins; */
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshMelt *melts;
+  struct TALER_DenominationPublicKey *new_denom_pubs;
+  struct TALER_DenominationPublicKey *ret_denom_pubs;
+  unsigned int cnt;
+  int ret;
+
+  ret = GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  RND_BLK (&refresh_session);
+  RND_BLK (&session_hash);
+  melts = NULL;
+  dkp = NULL;
+  new_dkp = NULL;
+  new_denom_pubs = NULL;
+  ret_denom_pubs = NULL;
+  /* create and test a refresh session */
+  refresh_session.num_oldcoins = MELT_OLD_COINS;
+  refresh_session.num_newcoins = 1;
+  refresh_session.noreveal_index = 1;
+  FAILIF (GNUNET_OK != plugin->create_refresh_session (plugin->cls,
+                                                       session,
+                                                       &session_hash,
+                                                       &refresh_session));
+  FAILIF (GNUNET_OK != plugin->get_refresh_session (plugin->cls,
+                                                    session,
+                                                    &session_hash,
+                                                    &ret_refresh_session));
+  FAILIF (0 != memcmp (&ret_refresh_session,
+                       &refresh_session,
+                       sizeof (refresh_session)));
+
+  /* create a denomination (value: 1; fraction: 100) */
+  dkp = create_denom_key_pair (512, session,
+                               &value,
+                               &fee_withdraw,
+                               &fee_deposit,
+                               &fee_refresh);
+  /* create MELT_OLD_COINS number of refresh melts */
+  melts = GNUNET_new_array (MELT_OLD_COINS, struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshMelt);
+  for (cnt=0; cnt < MELT_OLD_COINS; cnt++)
+  {
+    RND_BLK (&melts[cnt].coin.coin_pub);
+    melts[cnt].coin.denom_sig.rsa_signature =
+        GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_sign (dkp->priv.rsa_private_key,
+                                &melts[cnt].coin.coin_pub,
+                                sizeof (melts[cnt].coin.coin_pub));
+    melts[cnt].coin.denom_pub = dkp->pub;
+    RND_BLK (&melts[cnt].coin_sig);
+    melts[cnt].session_hash = session_hash;
+    melts[cnt].amount_with_fee = amount_with_fee;
+    melts[cnt].melt_fee = fee_refresh;
+    FAILIF (GNUNET_OK != plugin->insert_refresh_melt (plugin->cls,
+                                                      session,
+                                                      cnt,
+                                                      &melts[cnt]));
+  }
+  for (cnt = 0; cnt < MELT_OLD_COINS; cnt++)
+  {
+    struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RefreshMelt ret_melt;
+    FAILIF (GNUNET_OK != plugin->get_refresh_melt (plugin->cls,
+                                                   session,
+                                                   &session_hash,
+                                                   cnt,
+                                                   &ret_melt));
+    FAILIF (0 != GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_signature_cmp
+            (ret_melt.coin.denom_sig.rsa_signature,
+             melts[cnt].coin.denom_sig.rsa_signature));
+    FAILIF (0 != memcmp (&ret_melt.coin.coin_pub,
+                         &melts[cnt].coin.coin_pub,
+                         sizeof (ret_melt.coin.coin_pub)));
+    FAILIF (0 != GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_public_key_cmp
+            (ret_melt.coin.denom_pub.rsa_public_key,
+             melts[cnt].coin.denom_pub.rsa_public_key));
+    FAILIF (0 != memcmp (&ret_melt.coin_sig,
+                         &melts[cnt].coin_sig,
+                         sizeof (ret_melt.coin_sig)));
+    FAILIF (0 != memcmp (&ret_melt.session_hash,
+                         &melts[cnt].session_hash,
+                         sizeof (ret_melt.session_hash)));
+    FAILIF (0 != TALER_amount_cmp (&ret_melt.amount_with_fee,
+                                   &melts[cnt].amount_with_fee));
+    FAILIF (0 != TALER_amount_cmp (&ret_melt.melt_fee,
+                                   &melts[cnt].melt_fee));
+    GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_signature_free (ret_melt.coin.denom_sig.rsa_signature);
+    GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_public_key_free (ret_melt.coin.denom_pub.rsa_public_key);
+  }
+  new_dkp = GNUNET_new_array (MELT_NEW_COINS, struct DenomKeyPair *);
+  new_denom_pubs = GNUNET_new_array (MELT_NEW_COINS,
+                                     struct TALER_DenominationPublicKey);
+  for (cnt=0; cnt < MELT_NEW_COINS; cnt++)
+  {
+    new_dkp[cnt] = create_denom_key_pair (128, session,
+                                          &value,
+                                          &fee_withdraw,
+                                          &fee_deposit,
+                                          &fee_refresh);
+    new_denom_pubs[cnt]=new_dkp[cnt]->pub;
+  }
+  FAILIF (GNUNET_OK != plugin->insert_refresh_order (plugin->cls,
+                                                       session,
+                                                       &session_hash,
+                                                       MELT_NEW_COINS,
+                                                       new_denom_pubs));
+  ret_denom_pubs = GNUNET_new_array (MELT_NEW_COINS,
+                                     struct TALER_DenominationPublicKey);
+  FAILIF (GNUNET_OK != plugin->get_refresh_order (plugin->cls,
+                                                  session,
+                                                  &session_hash,
+                                                  MELT_NEW_COINS,
+                                                  ret_denom_pubs));
+  for (cnt=0; cnt < MELT_NEW_COINS; cnt++)
+  {
+    FAILIF (0 != GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_public_key_cmp
+            (ret_denom_pubs[cnt].rsa_public_key,
+             new_denom_pubs[cnt].rsa_public_key));
+  }
+  FAILIF (GNUNET_OK !=
+          test_refresh_commit_coins (session,
+                                     &refresh_session,
+                                     &session_hash));
+
+  ret = GNUNET_OK;
+
+ drop:
+  if (NULL != dkp)
+    destroy_denom_key_pair (dkp);
+  if (NULL != melts)
+  {
+    for (cnt = 0; cnt < MELT_OLD_COINS; cnt++)
+      GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_signature_free (melts[cnt].coin.denom_sig.rsa_signature);
+    GNUNET_free (melts);
+  }
+  for (cnt = 0;
+       (NULL != ret_denom_pubs) && (cnt < MELT_NEW_COINS)
+           && (NULL != ret_denom_pubs[cnt].rsa_public_key);
+       cnt++)
+    GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_public_key_free (ret_denom_pubs[cnt].rsa_public_key);
+  GNUNET_free_non_null (ret_denom_pubs);
+  GNUNET_free_non_null (new_denom_pubs);
+  for (cnt = 0;
+       (NULL != new_dkp) && (cnt < MELT_NEW_COINS) && (NULL != new_dkp[cnt]);
+       cnt++)
+    destroy_denom_key_pair (new_dkp[cnt]);
+  GNUNET_free_non_null (new_dkp);
+  return ret;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Callback that should never be called.
+ */
+static void
+cb_wt_never (void *cls,
+             const struct TALER_MerchantPublicKeyP *merchant_pub,
+             const struct GNUNET_HashCode *h_wire,
+             const struct GNUNET_HashCode *h_contract,
+             uint64_t transaction_id,
+             const struct TALER_CoinSpendPublicKeyP *coin_pub,
+             const struct TALER_Amount *coin_value,
+             const struct TALER_Amount *coin_fee)
+{
+  GNUNET_assert (0); /* this statement should be unreachable */
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Callback that should never be called.
+ */
+static void
+cb_wtid_never (void *cls,
+               const struct TALER_WireTransferIdentifierRawP *wtid,
+               const struct TALER_Amount *coin_contribution,
+               const struct TALER_Amount *coin_fee,
+               struct GNUNET_TIME_Absolute execution_time)
+{
+  GNUNET_assert (0);
+}
+
+
+static struct TALER_MerchantPublicKeyP merchant_pub_wt;
+static struct GNUNET_HashCode h_wire_wt;
+static struct GNUNET_HashCode h_contract_wt;
+static uint64_t transaction_id_wt;
+static struct TALER_CoinSpendPublicKeyP coin_pub_wt;
+static struct TALER_Amount coin_value_wt;
+static struct TALER_Amount coin_fee_wt;
+static struct TALER_Amount transfer_value_wt;
+static struct GNUNET_TIME_Absolute execution_time_wt;
+static struct TALER_WireTransferIdentifierRawP wtid_wt;
+
+
+/**
+ * Callback that should be called with the WT data.
+ */
+static void
+cb_wt_check (void *cls,
+             const struct TALER_MerchantPublicKeyP *merchant_pub,
+             const struct GNUNET_HashCode *h_wire,
+             const struct GNUNET_HashCode *h_contract,
+             uint64_t transaction_id,
+             const struct TALER_CoinSpendPublicKeyP *coin_pub,
+             const struct TALER_Amount *coin_value,
+             const struct TALER_Amount *coin_fee)
+{
+  GNUNET_assert (cls == &cb_wt_never);
+  GNUNET_assert (0 == memcmp (merchant_pub,
+                              &merchant_pub_wt,
+                              sizeof (struct TALER_MerchantPublicKeyP)));
+  GNUNET_assert (0 == memcmp (h_wire,
+                              &h_wire_wt,
+                              sizeof (struct GNUNET_HashCode)));
+  GNUNET_assert (0 == memcmp (h_contract,
+                              &h_contract_wt,
+                              sizeof (struct GNUNET_HashCode)));
+  GNUNET_assert (transaction_id == transaction_id_wt);
+  GNUNET_assert (0 == memcmp (coin_pub,
+                              &coin_pub_wt,
+                              sizeof (struct TALER_CoinSpendPublicKeyP)));
+  GNUNET_assert (0 == TALER_amount_cmp (coin_value,
+                                        &coin_value_wt));
+  GNUNET_assert (0 == TALER_amount_cmp (coin_fee,
+                                        &coin_fee_wt));
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Callback that should be called with the WT data.
+ */
+static void
+cb_wtid_check (void *cls,
+               const struct TALER_WireTransferIdentifierRawP *wtid,
+               const struct TALER_Amount *coin_contribution,
+               const struct TALER_Amount *coin_fee,
+               struct GNUNET_TIME_Absolute execution_time)
+{
+  GNUNET_assert (cls == &cb_wtid_never);
+  GNUNET_assert (0 == memcmp (wtid,
+                              &wtid_wt,
+                              sizeof (struct TALER_WireTransferIdentifierRawP)));
+  GNUNET_assert (execution_time.abs_value_us ==
+                 execution_time_wt.abs_value_us);
+  GNUNET_assert (0 == TALER_amount_cmp (coin_contribution,
+                                        &coin_value_wt));
+  GNUNET_assert (0 == TALER_amount_cmp (coin_fee,
+                                        &coin_fee_wt));
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Main function that will be run by the scheduler.
+ *
+ * @param cls closure
+ * @param args remaining command-line arguments
+ * @param cfgfile name of the configuration file used (for saving, can be NULL!)
+ * @param cfg configuration
+ */
+static void
+run (void *cls,
+     char *const *args,
+     const char *cfgfile,
+     const struct GNUNET_CONFIGURATION_Handle *cfg)
+{
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session;
+  struct TALER_ReservePublicKeyP reserve_pub;
+  struct DenomKeyPair *dkp;
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CollectableBlindcoin cbc;
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CollectableBlindcoin cbc2;
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_ReserveHistory *rh;
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_ReserveHistory *rh_head;
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_BankTransfer *bt;
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_CollectableBlindcoin *withdraw;
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Deposit deposit;
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Deposit deposit2;
+  struct TALER_WireTransferIdentifierRawP wtid;
+  json_t *wire;
+  json_t *just;
+  const char * const json_wire_str =
+      "{ \"type\":\"SEPA\", \
+\"IBAN\":\"DE67830654080004822650\",                    \
+\"name\":\"GNUnet e.V.\",                               \
+\"bic\":\"GENODEF1SLR\",                                 \
+\"edate\":\"1449930207000\",                                \
+\"r\":123456789,                                     \
+\"address\": \"foobar\"}";
+  unsigned int cnt;
+
+  dkp = NULL;
+  rh = NULL;
+  wire = NULL;
+  session = NULL;
+  ZR_BLK (&cbc);
+  ZR_BLK (&cbc2);
+  if (NULL ==
+      (plugin = TALER_EXCHANGEDB_plugin_load (cfg)))
+  {
+    result = 1;
+    return;
+  }
+  if (GNUNET_OK !=
+      plugin->create_tables (plugin->cls,
+                             GNUNET_YES))
+  {
+    result = 2;
+    goto drop;
+  }
+  if (NULL ==
+      (session = plugin->get_session (plugin->cls,
+                                      GNUNET_YES)))
+  {
+    result = 3;
+    goto drop;
+  }
+  RND_BLK (&reserve_pub);
+  GNUNET_assert (GNUNET_OK ==
+                 TALER_string_to_amount (CURRENCY ":1.000010",
+                                         &value));
+  GNUNET_assert (GNUNET_OK ==
+                 TALER_string_to_amount (CURRENCY ":0.000010",
+                                         &fee_withdraw));
+  GNUNET_assert (GNUNET_OK ==
+                 TALER_string_to_amount (CURRENCY ":0.000010",
+                                         &fee_deposit));
+  GNUNET_assert (GNUNET_OK ==
+                 TALER_string_to_amount (CURRENCY ":0.000010",
+                                         &fee_refresh));
+  GNUNET_assert (GNUNET_OK ==
+                 TALER_string_to_amount (CURRENCY ":1.000010",
+                                         &amount_with_fee));
+
+  result = 4;
+  just = json_loads ("{ \"justification\":\"1\" }", 0, NULL);
+  FAILIF (GNUNET_OK !=
+          plugin->reserves_in_insert (plugin->cls,
+                                      session,
+                                      &reserve_pub,
+                                      &value,
+                                      GNUNET_TIME_absolute_get (),
+				      just));
+  json_decref (just);
+  FAILIF (GNUNET_OK !=
+          check_reserve (session,
+                         &reserve_pub,
+                         value.value,
+                         value.fraction,
+                         value.currency));
+  just = json_loads ("{ \"justification\":\"2\" }", 0, NULL);
+  FAILIF (GNUNET_OK !=
+          plugin->reserves_in_insert (plugin->cls,
+                                      session,
+                                      &reserve_pub,
+                                      &value,
+                                      GNUNET_TIME_absolute_get (),
+				      just));
+  json_decref (just);
+  FAILIF (GNUNET_OK !=
+          check_reserve (session,
+                         &reserve_pub,
+                         value.value * 2,
+                         value.fraction * 2,
+                         value.currency));
+  dkp = create_denom_key_pair (1024, session,
+                               &value,
+                               &fee_withdraw,
+                               &fee_deposit,
+                               &fee_refresh);
+  RND_BLK(&cbc.h_coin_envelope);
+  RND_BLK(&cbc.reserve_sig);
+  cbc.denom_pub = dkp->pub;
+  cbc.sig.rsa_signature
+    = GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_sign (dkp->priv.rsa_private_key,
+                              &cbc.h_coin_envelope,
+                              sizeof (cbc.h_coin_envelope));
+  cbc.reserve_pub = reserve_pub;
+  cbc.amount_with_fee = value;
+  GNUNET_assert (GNUNET_OK ==
+                 TALER_amount_get_zero (CURRENCY, &cbc.withdraw_fee));
+  FAILIF (GNUNET_OK !=
+          plugin->insert_withdraw_info (plugin->cls,
+                                        session,
+                                        &cbc));
+  FAILIF (GNUNET_OK !=
+          check_reserve (session,
+                         &reserve_pub,
+                         value.value,
+                         value.fraction,
+                         value.currency));
+  FAILIF (GNUNET_YES !=
+          plugin->get_withdraw_info (plugin->cls,
+                                     session,
+                                     &cbc.h_coin_envelope,
+                                     &cbc2));
+  FAILIF (NULL == cbc2.denom_pub.rsa_public_key);
+  FAILIF (0 != memcmp (&cbc2.reserve_sig,
+                       &cbc.reserve_sig,
+                       sizeof (cbc2.reserve_sig)));
+  FAILIF (0 != memcmp (&cbc2.reserve_pub,
+                       &cbc.reserve_pub,
+                       sizeof (cbc2.reserve_pub)));
+  FAILIF (GNUNET_OK !=
+          GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_verify (&cbc.h_coin_envelope,
+                                    cbc2.sig.rsa_signature,
+                                    dkp->pub.rsa_public_key));
+  rh = plugin->get_reserve_history (plugin->cls,
+                                    session,
+                                    &reserve_pub);
+  FAILIF (NULL == rh);
+  rh_head = rh;
+  for (cnt=0; NULL != rh_head; rh_head=rh_head->next, cnt++)
+  {
+    switch (rh_head->type)
+    {
+    case TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RO_BANK_TO_EXCHANGE:
+      bt = rh_head->details.bank;
+      FAILIF (0 != memcmp (&bt->reserve_pub,
+                           &reserve_pub,
+                           sizeof (reserve_pub)));
+      /* this is the amount we trasferred twice*/
+      FAILIF (1 != bt->amount.value);
+      FAILIF (10 != bt->amount.fraction);
+      FAILIF (0 != strcmp (CURRENCY, bt->amount.currency));
+      FAILIF (NULL == bt->wire);
+      break;
+    case TALER_EXCHANGEDB_RO_WITHDRAW_COIN:
+      withdraw = rh_head->details.withdraw;
+      FAILIF (0 != memcmp (&withdraw->reserve_pub,
+                           &reserve_pub,
+                           sizeof (reserve_pub)));
+      FAILIF (0 != memcmp (&withdraw->h_coin_envelope,
+                           &cbc.h_coin_envelope,
+                           sizeof (cbc.h_coin_envelope)));
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+  FAILIF (3 != cnt);
+  /* Tests for deposits */
+  memset (&deposit, 0, sizeof (deposit));
+  RND_BLK (&deposit.coin.coin_pub);
+  deposit.coin.denom_pub = dkp->pub;
+  deposit.coin.denom_sig = cbc.sig;
+  RND_BLK (&deposit.csig);
+  RND_BLK (&deposit.merchant_pub);
+  RND_BLK (&deposit.h_contract);
+  RND_BLK (&deposit.h_wire);
+  wire = json_loads (json_wire_str, 0, NULL);
+  deposit.wire = wire;
+  deposit.transaction_id =
+      GNUNET_CRYPTO_random_u64 (GNUNET_CRYPTO_QUALITY_WEAK, UINT64_MAX);
+  deposit.amount_with_fee = value;
+  GNUNET_assert (GNUNET_OK ==
+                 TALER_amount_get_zero (CURRENCY, &deposit.deposit_fee));
+  FAILIF (GNUNET_OK !=
+          plugin->insert_deposit (plugin->cls,
+                                  session, &deposit));
+  FAILIF (GNUNET_YES !=
+          plugin->have_deposit (plugin->cls,
+                                session,
+                                &deposit));
+  deposit2 = deposit;
+  deposit2.transaction_id++;     /* should fail if transaction id is different */
+  FAILIF (GNUNET_NO !=
+          plugin->have_deposit (plugin->cls,
+                                session,
+                                &deposit2));
+  deposit2.transaction_id = deposit.transaction_id;
+  RND_BLK (&deposit2.merchant_pub); /* should fail if merchant is different */
+  FAILIF (GNUNET_NO !=
+          plugin->have_deposit (plugin->cls,
+                                session,
+                                &deposit2));
+  deposit2.merchant_pub = deposit.merchant_pub;
+  RND_BLK (&deposit2.coin.coin_pub); /* should fail if coin is different */
+  FAILIF (GNUNET_NO !=
+          plugin->have_deposit (plugin->cls,
+                                session,
+                                &deposit2));
+  FAILIF (GNUNET_OK != test_melting (session));
+
+  /* setup values for wire transfer aggregation data */
+  memset (&wtid, 42, sizeof (wtid));
+  memset (&merchant_pub_wt, 43, sizeof (merchant_pub_wt));
+  memset (&h_wire_wt, 44, sizeof (h_wire_wt));
+  memset (&h_contract_wt, 45, sizeof (h_contract_wt));
+  memset (&coin_pub_wt, 46, sizeof (coin_pub_wt));
+  transaction_id_wt = 47;
+  execution_time_wt = GNUNET_TIME_absolute_get ();
+  memset (&merchant_pub_wt, 48, sizeof (merchant_pub_wt));
+  GNUNET_assert (GNUNET_OK ==
+                 TALER_string_to_amount (CURRENCY "KUDOS:1.000010",
+                                         &coin_value_wt));
+  GNUNET_assert (GNUNET_OK ==
+                 TALER_string_to_amount (CURRENCY "KUDOS:0.000010",
+                                         &coin_fee_wt));
+  GNUNET_assert (GNUNET_OK ==
+                 TALER_string_to_amount (CURRENCY "KUDOS:1.000000",
+                                         &transfer_value_wt));
+
+  FAILIF (GNUNET_NO !=
+          plugin->lookup_wire_transfer (plugin->cls,
+                                        session,
+                                        &wtid_wt,
+                                        &cb_wt_never,
+                                        NULL));
+  FAILIF (GNUNET_NO !=
+          plugin->wire_lookup_deposit_wtid (plugin->cls,
+                                            session,
+                                            &h_contract_wt,
+                                            &h_wire_wt,
+                                            &coin_pub_wt,
+                                            &merchant_pub_wt,
+                                            transaction_id_wt,
+                                            &cb_wtid_never,
+                                            NULL));
+  /* insert WT data */
+  FAILIF (GNUNET_OK !=
+          plugin->insert_aggregation_tracking (plugin->cls,
+                                               session,
+                                               &wtid_wt,
+                                               &merchant_pub_wt,
+                                               &h_wire_wt,
+                                               &h_contract_wt,
+                                               transaction_id_wt,
+                                               execution_time_wt,
+                                               &coin_pub_wt,
+                                               &coin_value_wt,
+                                               &coin_fee_wt));
+  FAILIF (GNUNET_OK !=
+          plugin->lookup_wire_transfer (plugin->cls,
+                                        session,
+                                        &wtid_wt,
+                                        &cb_wt_check,
+                                        &cb_wt_never));
+  FAILIF (GNUNET_OK !=
+          plugin->wire_lookup_deposit_wtid (plugin->cls,
+                                            session,
+                                            &h_contract_wt,
+                                            &h_wire_wt,
+                                            &coin_pub_wt,
+                                            &merchant_pub_wt,
+                                            transaction_id_wt,
+                                            &cb_wtid_check,
+                                            &cb_wtid_never));
+  result = 0;
+
+ drop:
+  if (NULL != wire)
+    json_decref (wire);
+  if (NULL != rh)
+    plugin->free_reserve_history (plugin->cls,
+                                  rh);
+  rh = NULL;
+  if (NULL != session)
+    GNUNET_break (GNUNET_OK ==
+                  plugin->drop_temporary (plugin->cls,
+                                          session));
+  if (NULL != dkp)
+    destroy_denom_key_pair (dkp);
+  if (NULL != cbc.sig.rsa_signature)
+    GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_signature_free (cbc.sig.rsa_signature);
+  if (NULL != cbc2.denom_pub.rsa_public_key)
+    GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_public_key_free (cbc2.denom_pub.rsa_public_key);
+  if (NULL != cbc2.sig.rsa_signature)
+    GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_signature_free (cbc2.sig.rsa_signature);
+  dkp = NULL;
+  TALER_EXCHANGEDB_plugin_unload (plugin);
+  plugin = NULL;
+}
+
+
+int
+main (int argc,
+      char *const argv[])
+{
+   static const struct GNUNET_GETOPT_CommandLineOption options[] = {
+    GNUNET_GETOPT_OPTION_END
+  };
+   char *argv2[] = {
+     "test-exchange-db-<plugin_name>", /* will be replaced later */
+     "-c", "test-exchange-db-<plugin_name>.conf", /* will be replaced later */
+     NULL,
+   };
+   const char *plugin_name;
+   char *config_filename;
+   char *testname;
+
+   result = -1;
+   if (NULL == (plugin_name = strrchr (argv[0], (int) '-')))
+   {
+     GNUNET_break (0);
+     return -1;
+   }
+   plugin_name++;
+   (void) GNUNET_asprintf (&testname,
+                           "test-exchange-db-%s", plugin_name);
+   (void) GNUNET_asprintf (&config_filename,
+                           "%s.conf", testname);
+   argv2[0] = argv[0];
+   argv2[2] = config_filename;
+  if (GNUNET_OK !=
+      GNUNET_PROGRAM_run ((sizeof (argv2)/sizeof (char *)) - 1, argv2,
+                          testname,
+                          "Test cases for exchange database helper functions.",
+                          options, &run, NULL))
+  {
+    GNUNET_free (config_filename);
+    GNUNET_free (testname);
+    return 3;
+  }
+  GNUNET_free (config_filename);
+  GNUNET_free (testname);
+  return result;
+}
diff --git a/src/exchangedb/test_exchangedb_deposits.c b/src/exchangedb/test_exchangedb_deposits.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..09c65b2b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/exchangedb/test_exchangedb_deposits.c
@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+/*
+  This file is part of TALER
+  Copyright (C) 2014 GNUnet e.V.
+
+  TALER is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
+  terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
+  Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option) any later version.
+
+  TALER is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
+  WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
+  A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
+  TALER; see the file COPYING.  If not, If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>
+*/
+/**
+ * @file exchange/test_exchange_deposits.c
+ * @brief testcase for exchange deposits
+ * @author Sree Harsha Totakura <sreeharsha@totakura.in>
+ */
+#include "platform.h"
+#include <libpq-fe.h>
+#include <gnunet/gnunet_util_lib.h>
+#include "taler_pq_lib.h"
+#include "taler_exchangedb_lib.h"
+#include "taler_exchangedb_plugin.h"
+
+#define EXCHANGE_CURRENCY "EUR"
+
+#define DB_URI "postgres:///taler"
+
+#define break_db_err(result) do { \
+    GNUNET_break(0); \
+    GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR, "Database failure: %s\n", PQresultErrorMessage (result)); \
+  } while (0)
+
+/**
+ * Shorthand for exit jumps.
+ */
+#define EXITIF(cond)                                              \
+  do {                                                            \
+    if (cond) { GNUNET_break (0); goto EXITIF_exit; }             \
+  } while (0)
+
+
+/**
+ * Should we not interact with a temporary table?
+ */
+static int persistent;
+
+/**
+ * Testcase result
+ */
+static int result;
+
+/**
+ * The plugin.
+ */
+static struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Plugin *plugin;
+
+/**
+ * Main function that will be run by the scheduler.
+ *
+ * @param cls closure
+ * @param args remaining command-line arguments
+ * @param cfgfile name of the configuration file used (for saving, can be NULL!)
+ * @param cfg configuration
+ */
+static void
+run (void *cls,
+     char *const *args,
+     const char *cfgfile,
+     const struct GNUNET_CONFIGURATION_Handle *cfg)
+{
+  static const char wire[] = "{"
+      "\"type\":\"SEPA\","
+      "\"IBAN\":\"DE67830654080004822650\","
+      "\"NAME\":\"GNUNET E.V\","
+      "\"BIC\":\"GENODEF1SRL\""
+      "}";
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Deposit *deposit;
+  uint64_t transaction_id;
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Session *session;
+
+  deposit = NULL;
+  EXITIF (NULL == (plugin = TALER_EXCHANGEDB_plugin_load (cfg)));
+  EXITIF (GNUNET_OK !=
+          plugin->create_tables (plugin->cls,
+                                 ! persistent));
+  session = plugin->get_session (plugin->cls,
+                                 ! persistent);
+  EXITIF (NULL == session);
+  deposit = GNUNET_malloc (sizeof (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Deposit) + sizeof (wire));
+  /* Makeup a random coin public key */
+  GNUNET_CRYPTO_random_block (GNUNET_CRYPTO_QUALITY_WEAK,
+                              deposit,
+                              sizeof (struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Deposit));
+  /* Makeup a random 64bit transaction ID */
+  transaction_id = GNUNET_CRYPTO_random_u64 (GNUNET_CRYPTO_QUALITY_WEAK,
+                                             UINT64_MAX);
+  deposit->transaction_id = GNUNET_htonll (transaction_id);
+  /* Random amount */
+  deposit->amount_with_fee.value =
+      htonl (GNUNET_CRYPTO_random_u32 (GNUNET_CRYPTO_QUALITY_WEAK, UINT32_MAX));
+  deposit->amount_with_fee.fraction =
+      htonl (GNUNET_CRYPTO_random_u32 (GNUNET_CRYPTO_QUALITY_WEAK, UINT32_MAX));
+  GNUNET_assert (strlen (EXCHANGE_CURRENCY) < sizeof (deposit->amount_with_fee.currency));
+  strcpy (deposit->amount_with_fee.currency, EXCHANGE_CURRENCY);
+  /* Copy wireformat */
+  deposit->wire = json_loads (wire, 0, NULL);
+  EXITIF (GNUNET_OK !=
+          plugin->insert_deposit (plugin->cls,
+                                  session,
+                                  deposit));
+  EXITIF (GNUNET_OK !=
+          plugin->have_deposit (plugin->cls,
+                                session,
+                                deposit));
+  result = GNUNET_OK;
+
+ EXITIF_exit:
+  GNUNET_free_non_null (deposit);
+  if (NULL != plugin)
+  {
+    TALER_EXCHANGEDB_plugin_unload (plugin);
+    plugin = NULL;
+  }
+}
+
+
+int
+main (int argc,
+      char *const argv[])
+{
+  static const struct GNUNET_GETOPT_CommandLineOption options[] = {
+    {'T', "persist", NULL,
+     gettext_noop ("Use a persistent database table instead of a temporary one"),
+     GNUNET_NO, &GNUNET_GETOPT_set_one, &persistent},
+    GNUNET_GETOPT_OPTION_END
+  };
+
+
+  persistent = GNUNET_NO;
+  result = GNUNET_SYSERR;
+  if (GNUNET_OK !=
+      GNUNET_PROGRAM_run (argc, argv,
+                          "test-exchange-deposits",
+                          "testcase for exchange deposits",
+                          options, &run, NULL))
+    return 3;
+  return (GNUNET_OK == result) ? 0 : 1;
+}
diff --git a/src/exchangedb/test_exchangedb_keyio.c b/src/exchangedb/test_exchangedb_keyio.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2485da8ae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/exchangedb/test_exchangedb_keyio.c
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+/*
+  This file is part of TALER
+  Copyright (C) 2014 GNUnet e. V. (and other contributing authors)
+
+  TALER is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
+  terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
+  Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option) any later version.
+
+  TALER is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
+  WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
+  A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
+  TALER; see the file COPYING.  If not, If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>
+*/
+/**
+ * @file exchange/test_exchange_common.c
+ * @brief test cases for some functions in exchange/exchange_common.c
+ * @author Sree Harsha Totakura <sreeharsha@totakura.in>
+ */
+#include "platform.h"
+#include "gnunet/gnunet_util_lib.h"
+#include "taler_signatures.h"
+#include "taler_exchangedb_lib.h"
+
+#define RSA_KEY_SIZE 1024
+
+
+#define EXITIF(cond)                                              \
+  do {                                                            \
+    if (cond) { GNUNET_break (0); goto EXITIF_exit; }             \
+  } while (0)
+
+
+int
+main (int argc,
+      const char *const argv[])
+{
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DenominationKeyIssueInformation dki;
+  char *enc;
+  size_t enc_size;
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DenominationKeyIssueInformation dki_read;
+  char *enc_read;
+  size_t enc_read_size;
+  char *tmpfile;
+  int ret;
+
+  ret = 1;
+  enc = NULL;
+  enc_read = NULL;
+  tmpfile = NULL;
+  dki.denom_priv.rsa_private_key = NULL;
+  dki_read.denom_priv.rsa_private_key = NULL;
+  GNUNET_CRYPTO_random_block (GNUNET_CRYPTO_QUALITY_WEAK,
+                              &dki.issue.signature,
+                              sizeof (struct TALER_MasterSignatureP));
+  dki.denom_priv.rsa_private_key
+    = GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_private_key_create (RSA_KEY_SIZE);
+  enc_size = GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_private_key_encode (dki.denom_priv.rsa_private_key,
+                                                   &enc);
+  EXITIF (NULL == (tmpfile = GNUNET_DISK_mktemp ("test_exchange_common")));
+  EXITIF (GNUNET_OK != TALER_EXCHANGEDB_denomination_key_write (tmpfile, &dki));
+  EXITIF (GNUNET_OK != TALER_EXCHANGEDB_denomination_key_read (tmpfile, &dki_read));
+  enc_read_size = GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_private_key_encode (dki_read.denom_priv.rsa_private_key,
+                                                        &enc_read);
+  EXITIF (enc_size != enc_read_size);
+  EXITIF (0 != memcmp (enc,
+                       enc_read,
+                       enc_size));
+  ret = 0;
+
+  EXITIF_exit:
+  GNUNET_free_non_null (enc);
+  if (NULL != tmpfile)
+  {
+    (void) unlink (tmpfile);
+    GNUNET_free (tmpfile);
+  }
+  GNUNET_free_non_null (enc_read);
+  if (NULL != dki.denom_priv.rsa_private_key)
+    GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_private_key_free (dki.denom_priv.rsa_private_key);
+  if (NULL != dki_read.denom_priv.rsa_private_key)
+    GNUNET_CRYPTO_rsa_private_key_free (dki_read.denom_priv.rsa_private_key);
+  return ret;
+}
diff --git a/src/exchangedb/test_perf_taler_exchangedb.c b/src/exchangedb/test_perf_taler_exchangedb.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a4ec9591d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/exchangedb/test_perf_taler_exchangedb.c
@@ -0,0 +1,182 @@
+/*
+   This file is part of TALER
+   Copyright (C) 2014, 2015 GNUnet e.V.
+
+   TALER is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
+   terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
+   Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option) any later version.
+
+   TALER is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
+   WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
+   A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
+   TALER; see the file COPYING.  If not, If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>
+   */
+/**
+ * @file exchangedb/test_perf_taler_exchangedb.c
+ * @brief Exchange database performance analysis
+ * @author Nicolas Fournier
+ */
+#include "platform.h"
+#include "perf_taler_exchangedb_interpreter.h"
+#include "perf_taler_exchangedb_init.h"
+
+
+#define NB_DENOMINATION_INIT  2
+#define NB_DENOMINATION_SAVE  2
+
+#define NB_RESERVE_INIT   4
+#define NB_RESERVE_SAVE   1
+
+#define NB_DEPOSIT_INIT   1
+#define NB_DEPOSIT_SAVE   1
+
+#define NB_WITHDRAW_INIT  1
+#define NB_WITHDRAW_SAVE  1
+
+/**
+ * Allocate, copies and free all the data used in the interpreter
+ * Used to check for memory leaks
+ */
+static void
+test_allocate ()
+{
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_DenominationKeyIssueInformation *dki, *dki_copy;
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Reserve *reserve, *reserve_copy;
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Coin *coin, *coin_copy;
+  struct TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Deposit *deposit, *deposit_copy;
+
+  dki = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_denomination_init ();
+  reserve = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_reserve_init ();
+  coin = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_coin_init (dki,
+                                      reserve);
+  deposit = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_deposit_init (coin);
+
+  dki_copy = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_denomination_copy (dki);
+  reserve_copy = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_reserve_copy (reserve);
+  coin_copy = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_coin_copy (coin);
+  deposit_copy = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_deposit_copy (deposit);
+
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_denomination_free (dki);
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_denomination_free (dki_copy);
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_reserve_free (reserve);
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_reserve_free (reserve_copy);
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_coin_free (coin);
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_coin_free (coin_copy);
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_deposit_free (deposit);
+  PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_deposit_free (deposit_copy);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Runs the performances tests for the exchange database
+ * and logs the results using Gauger
+ */
+int
+main (int argc, char ** argv)
+{
+  int ret = 0;
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Cmd init[] =
+  {
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_END ("init")
+  };
+  struct PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_Cmd benchmark[] =
+  {
+    // Denomination used to create coins
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_DEBUG ("00 - Start of interpreter"),
+
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_LOOP ("01 - denomination loop",
+                                     NB_DENOMINATION_INIT),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_START_TRANSACTION ("01 - start transaction"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_CREATE_DENOMINATION ("01 - denomination"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_INSERT_DENOMINATION ("01 - insert",
+                                                    "01 - denomination"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_COMMIT_TRANSACTION ("01 - commit transaction"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_SAVE_ARRAY ("01 - save denomination",
+                                           "01 - denomination loop",
+                                           "01 - denomination",
+                                           NB_DENOMINATION_SAVE),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_END_LOOP ("01 - denomination loop end",
+                                         "01 - denomination loop"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_DEBUG ("01 - init denomination complete"),
+    // End of initialization
+    // Reserve initialization
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_LOOP ("02 - init reserve loop",
+                                     NB_RESERVE_INIT),
+
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_CREATE_RESERVE ("02 - reserve"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_INSERT_RESERVE ("02 - insert",
+                                               "02 - reserve"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_SAVE_ARRAY ("02 - save reserve",
+                                           "02 - init reserve loop",
+                                           "02 - reserve",
+                                           NB_RESERVE_SAVE),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_END_LOOP ("02 - init reserve end loop",
+                                         "02 - init reserve loop"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_DEBUG ("02 - reserve init complete"),
+    // End reserve init
+    // Withdrawal initialization
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_LOOP ("03 - init withdraw loop",
+                                     NB_WITHDRAW_INIT),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_START_TRANSACTION ("03 - start transaction"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_LOAD_ARRAY ("03 - denomination load",
+                                           "03 - init withdraw loop",
+                                           "01 - save denomination"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_LOAD_ARRAY ("03 - reserve load",
+                                           "03 - init withdraw loop",
+                                           "02 - save reserve"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_CREATE_WITHDRAW ("03 - withdraw",
+                                                "03 - denomination load",
+                                                "03 - reserve load"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_INSERT_WITHDRAW ("03 - insert withdraw",
+                                                "03 - withdraw"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_COMMIT_TRANSACTION ("03 - commit transaction"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_SAVE_ARRAY ("03 - coin array",
+                                           "03 - init withdraw loop",
+                                           "03 - withdraw",
+                                           NB_WITHDRAW_SAVE),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_END_LOOP ("03 - withdraw init end loop",
+                                         "03 - init withdraw loop"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_DEBUG ("03 - withdraw init complete"),
+    //End of withdrawal initialization
+    //Deposit initialization
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GET_TIME ("04 - time start"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_LOOP ("04 - deposit init loop",
+                                     NB_DEPOSIT_INIT),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_START_TRANSACTION ("04 - start transaction"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_LOAD_ARRAY ("04 - coin load",
+                                           "04 - deposit init loop",
+                                           "03 - coin array"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_CREATE_DEPOSIT ("04 - deposit",
+                                               "04 - coin load"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_INSERT_DEPOSIT ("04 - insert deposit",
+                                               "04 - deposit"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_COMMIT_TRANSACTION ("04 - commit transaction"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_SAVE_ARRAY ("04 - deposit array",
+                                           "04 - deposit init loop",
+                                           "04 - deposit",
+                                           NB_DEPOSIT_SAVE),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_END_LOOP ("04 - deposit init loop end",
+                                         "04 - deposit init loop"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GET_TIME ("04 - time stop"),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_GAUGER ("04 - gauger",
+                                       "04 - time start",
+                                       "04 - time stop",
+                                       "TEST",
+                                       "time to insert a deposit",
+                                       "deposit/sec",
+                                       NB_DEPOSIT_SAVE),
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_DEBUG ("04 - deposit init complete"),
+    // End of deposit initialization
+    PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_INIT_CMD_END ("end"),
+  };
+  
+  test_allocate ();
+  ret = PERF_TALER_EXCHANGEDB_run_benchmark ("test-perf-taler-exchangedb",
+                                         "./test-exchange-db-postgres.conf",
+                                         init,
+                                         benchmark);
+  if (GNUNET_SYSERR == ret)
+    return 1;
+  return 0;
+}