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This dependency is the wrong way, and we will need util/qemu-timer.h from
sysemu/cpus.h in the next patch.
Reviewed-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Edgar E. Iglesias <edgar.iglesias@xilinx.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
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The translation code uses cpu_ld*_code which can trigger a tlb_fill
which if it fails will erroneously attempts a fault resolution. This
never works during translation as the TB being generated hasn't been
added yet. The target should have checked retaddr before calling
cpu_restore_state but for those that have yet to be fixed we do it
here to avoid a recursive tb_lock() under MTTCG's new locking regime.
Signed-off-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
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Merge the original development branch due to breakage caused by the
MTTCG merge.
Conflicts:
cpu-exec.c
translate-common.c
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
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tb_lock() has long been used for linux-user mode to protect code
generation. By enabling it now we prepare for MTTCG and ensure all code
generation is serialised by this lock. The other major structure that
needs protecting is the l1_map and its PageDesc structures. For the
SoftMMU case we also use tb_lock() to protect these structures instead
of linux-user mmap_lock() which as the name suggests serialises updates
to the structure as a result of guest mmap operations.
Signed-off-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
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This finally allows TCG to benefit from the iothread introduction: Drop
the global mutex while running pure TCG CPU code. Reacquire the lock
when entering MMIO or PIO emulation, or when leaving the TCG loop.
We have to revert a few optimization for the current TCG threading
model, namely kicking the TCG thread in qemu_mutex_lock_iothread and not
kicking it in qemu_cpu_kick. We also need to disable RAM block
reordering until we have a more efficient locking mechanism at hand.
Still, a Linux x86 UP guest and my Musicpal ARM model boot fine here.
These numbers demonstrate where we gain something:
20338 jan 20 0 331m 75m 6904 R 99 0.9 0:50.95 qemu-system-arm
20337 jan 20 0 331m 75m 6904 S 20 0.9 0:26.50 qemu-system-arm
The guest CPU was fully loaded, but the iothread could still run mostly
independent on a second core. Without the patch we don't get beyond
32206 jan 20 0 330m 73m 7036 R 82 0.9 1:06.00 qemu-system-arm
32204 jan 20 0 330m 73m 7036 S 21 0.9 0:17.03 qemu-system-arm
We don't benefit significantly, though, when the guest is not fully
loading a host CPU.
Signed-off-by: Jan Kiszka <jan.kiszka@siemens.com>
Message-Id: <1439220437-23957-10-git-send-email-fred.konrad@greensocs.com>
[FK: Rebase, fix qemu_devices_reset deadlock, rm address_space_* mutex]
Signed-off-by: KONRAD Frederic <fred.konrad@greensocs.com>
[EGC: fixed iothread lock for cpu-exec IRQ handling]
Signed-off-by: Emilio G. Cota <cota@braap.org>
[AJB: -smp single-threaded fix, clean commit msg, BQL fixes]
Signed-off-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
Reviewed-by: Pranith Kumar <bobby.prani@gmail.com>
[PM: target-arm changes]
Acked-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
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Enable tcg lock debug asserts in a debug build by default instead of
relying on DEBUG_LOCKING. None of the other DEBUG_* macros have
asserts, so this patch removes DEBUG_LOCKING and enable these asserts
in a debug build.
CC: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
Signed-off-by: Pranith Kumar <bobby.prani@gmail.com>
[AJB: tweak ifdefs so can be early in series]
Signed-off-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
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The icount interrupt flag and tcg_exit_req serve almost the same
purpose, let's make them completely the same.
The former TB_EXIT_REQUESTED and TB_EXIT_ICOUNT_EXPIRED cases are
unified, since we can distinguish them from the value of the
interrupt flag.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
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Introduce rules in the top level Makefile that are able to generate
trace.[ch] files in every subdirectory which has a trace-events file.
The top level directory is handled specially, so instead of creating
trace.h, it creates trace-root.h. This allows sub-directories to
include the top level trace-root.h file, without ambiguity wrt to
the trace.g file in the current sub-dir.
Reviewed-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel P. Berrange <berrange@redhat.com>
Message-id: 20170125161417.31949-7-berrange@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
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This patch fixes replaying the exception when TB cache is full.
It breaks cpu loop execution through setting exception_index
to process such queued work as TB flush.
v8: moved setting of exeption_index to tb_gen_code
Signed-off-by: Pavel Dovgalyuk <pavel.dovgaluk@ispras.ru>
Message-Id: <20170126123418.5412.33815.stgit@PASHA-ISP>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
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gcc 5.3.0 diagnoses
translate-all.c: In function ‘alloc_code_gen_buffer’:
translate-all.c:756:17: error: switch condition has boolean value
switch (buf2 != MAP_FAILED) {
^
Signed-off-by: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
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Reuse the existing locking provided by stdio to keep in_asm, cpu,
op, op_opt, op_ind, and out_asm as contiguous blocks.
While it isn't possible to interleave e.g. in_asm or op_opt logs
because of the TB lock protecting all code generation, it is
possible to interleave cpu logs, or to interleave a cpu dump with
an out_asm dump.
For mingw32, we appear to have no viable solution for this. The locking
functions are not properly exported from the system runtime library.
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
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In the linux-user case all things that involve ''l1_map' and PageDesc
tweaks are protected by the memory lock (mmpa_lock). For SoftMMU mode
we previously relied on single threaded behaviour, with MTTCG we now use
the tb_lock().
As a result we need to do a little re-factoring and push the taking of
this lock up the call tree. This requires a slightly different entry for
the SoftMMU and user-mode cases from tb_invalidate_phys_range.
This also means user-mode breakpoint insertion needs to take two locks
but it hadn't taken any previously so this is an improvement.
Signed-off-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Message-Id: <20161027151030.20863-20-alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
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This changes the *_run_on_cpu APIs (and helpers) to pass data in a
run_on_cpu_data type instead of a plain void *. This is because we
sometimes want to pass a target address (target_ulong) and this fails on
32 bit hosts emulating 64 bit guests.
Signed-off-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Message-Id: <20161027151030.20863-24-alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
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This protects all translation related work with tb_lock() too ensure
thread safety. This effectively serialises all code generation. In
addition to the code generation we also take the lock for TB
invalidation. This has a knock on effect of meaning tb_lock() is held
for modification of the SoftMMU TLB by non-self threads which will be
used in later patches.
Signed-off-by: KONRAD Frederic <fred.konrad@greensocs.com>
Message-Id: <1439220437-23957-8-git-send-email-fred.konrad@greensocs.com>
Signed-off-by: Emilio G. Cota <cota@braap.org>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
[AJB: moved into tree, clean-up history]
Signed-off-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
Message-Id: <20161027151030.20863-10-alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
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This adds calls to the assert_(memory|tb)_lock for all public APIs which
are documented as needing them held for linux-user mode. The asserts are
NOPs for system-mode although these will be converted when MTTCG is
enabled.
Signed-off-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
Message-Id: <20161027151030.20863-9-alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
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softmmu requires more functions to be thread-safe, because translation
blocks can be invalidated from e.g. notdirty callbacks. Probably the
same holds for user-mode emulation, it's just that no one has ever
tried to produce a coherent locking there.
This patch will guide the introduction of more tb_lock and tb_unlock
calls for system emulation.
Note that after this patch some (most) of the mentioned functions are
still called outside tb_lock/tb_unlock. The next one will rectify this.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
Message-Id: <20161027151030.20863-7-alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
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This adds asserts to check the locking on the various translation
engines structures. There are two sets of structures that are protected
by locks.
The first the l1map and PageDesc structures used to track which
translation blocks are associated with which physical addresses. In
user-mode this is covered by the mmap_lock.
The second case are TB context related structures which are protected by
tb_lock which is also user-mode only.
Currently the asserts do nothing in SoftMMU mode but this will change
for MTTCG.
Signed-off-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
Message-Id: <20161027151030.20863-4-alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
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Make the debug define consistent with the others. The flush operation is
all about invalidating TranslationBlocks on flush events.
Also fix up the commenting on the other DEBUG for the benefit of
checkpatch.
Signed-off-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
Message-Id: <20161027151030.20863-3-alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
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When we cannot emulate an atomic operation within a parallel
context, this exception allows us to stop the world and try
again in a serial context.
Reviewed-by: Emilio G. Cota <cota@braap.org>
Reviewed-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
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Remove L1 page mapping table properties computing
statically using macros which is dependent on
TARGET_PAGE_BITS. Drop macros V_L1_SIZE, V_L1_SHIFT,
V_L1_BITS macros and replace with variables which are
computed at early stage of VM boot.
Removing dependency can help to make TARGET_PAGE_BITS
dynamic.
Signed-off-by: Vijaya Kumar K <vijayak@cavium.com>
Message-id: 1465808915-4887-4-git-send-email-vijayak@caviumnetworks.com
[PMM:
assert(v_l1_shift % V_L2_BITS == 0)
cache v_l2_levels
initialize from page_init() rather than vl.c
minor code style fixes
put v_l1_size into a local where used as a loop limit]
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
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Use async_safe_run_on_cpu() to make tb_flush() thread safe. This is
possible now that code generation does not happen in the middle of
execution.
It can happen that multiple threads schedule a safe work to flush the
translation buffer. To keep statistics and debugging output sane, always
check if the translation buffer has already been flushed.
Signed-off-by: Sergey Fedorov <serge.fdrv@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Sergey Fedorov <sergey.fedorov@linaro.org>
[AJB: minor re-base fixes]
Signed-off-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Message-Id: <1470158864-17651-13-git-send-email-alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
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The return address argument to the softmmu template helpers was
confused. In the legacy case, we wanted to indicate that there
is no return address, and so passed in NULL. However, we then
immediately subtracted GETPC_ADJ from NULL, resulting in a non-zero
value, indicating the presence of an (invalid) return address.
Push the GETPC_ADJ subtraction down to the only point it's required:
immediately before use within cpu_restore_state_from_tb, after all
NULL pointer checks have been completed.
This makes GETPC and GETRA identical. Remove GETRA as the lesser
used macro, replacing all uses with GETPC.
Signed-off-by: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
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This ensures that if we find the TB on the slow path that tb->page_addr
is correctly set before being tested.
Signed-off-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Sergey Fedorov <sergey.fedorov@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Sergey Fedorov <sergey.fedorov@linaro.org>
Message-Id: <20160715175852.30749-9-sergey.fedorov@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
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When invalidating a translation block, set an invalid flag into the
TranslationBlock structure first. It is also necessary to check whether
the target TB is still valid after acquiring 'tb_lock' but before calling
tb_add_jump() since TB lookup is to be performed out of 'tb_lock' in
future. Note that we don't have to check 'last_tb'; an already invalidated
TB will not be executed anyway and it is thus safe to patch it.
Suggested-by: Sergey Fedorov <serge.fdrv@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
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Ensure atomicity and ordering of CPU's 'tb_flushed' access for future
translation block lookup out of 'tb_lock'.
This field can only be touched from another thread by tb_flush() in user
mode emulation. So the only access to be sequential atomic is:
* a single write in tb_flush();
* reads/writes out of 'tb_lock'.
In future, before enabling MTTCG in system mode, tb_flush() must be safe
and this field becomes unnecessary.
Signed-off-by: Sergey Fedorov <serge.fdrv@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Sergey Fedorov <sergey.fedorov@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Message-Id: <20160715175852.30749-5-sergey.fedorov@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
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Ensure atomicity of CPU's 'tb_jmp_cache' access for future translation
block lookup out of 'tb_lock'.
Note that this patch does *not* make CPU's TLB invalidation safe if it
is done from some other thread while the CPU is in its execution loop.
Signed-off-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Sergey Fedorov <serge.fdrv@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Sergey Fedorov <sergey.fedorov@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Message-Id: <20160715175852.30749-4-sergey.fedorov@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
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tb_flush does all kind of things, which are very tcg specific. As it
is called from some places even for KVM (e.g. gdb server) it is better
to detect these cases and do an early exit.
This also fixes a crash in the gdb server that was triggered by
commit 909eaac9bbc2 ("tb hash: track translated blocks with qht").
Suggested-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Reported-by: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
Reported-by: Brent Baccala <cosine@freesoft.org>
Signed-off-by: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Message-id: 1472148686-39841-1-git-send-email-borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
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So far, QHT functions assume that the passed qht has previously been
initialized--otherwise they segfault.
This patch makes an exception for qht_statistics_init, with the goal
of simplifying calling code. For instance, qht_statistics_init is
called from the 'info jit' dump, and given that under KVM the TB qht
is never initialized, we get a segfault. Thus, instead of complicating
the 'info jit' code with additional checks, let's allow passing an
uninitialized qht to qht_statistics_init.
While at it, add a test for this to test-qht.
Before the patch (for $ qemu -enable-kvm [...]):
(qemu) info jit
[...]
direct jump count 0 (0%) (2 jumps=0 0%)
Program received signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault.
After the patch the "TB hash buckets", "TB hash occupancy"
and "TB hash avg chain" lines are omitted.
(qemu) info jit
[...]
direct jump count 0 (0%) (2 jumps=0 0%)
TB hash buckets 0/0 (-nan% head buckets used)
TB hash occupancy nan% avg chain occ. Histogram: (null)
TB hash avg chain nan buckets. Histogram: (null)
[...]
Reported by: Changlong Xie <xiecl.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Emilio G. Cota <cota@braap.org>
Message-Id: <1469205390-14369-1-git-send-email-cota@braap.org>
[Extract printing statistics to an entirely separate function. - Paolo]
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
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In user-mode emulation Translation Block can consist of 2 guest pages.
In that case QEMU also mprotects 2 host pages that are dedicated for
guest memory, containing instructions. QEMU detects self-modifying code
with SEGFAULT signal processing.
In case if instruction in 1st page is modifying memory of 2nd
page (or vice versa) QEMU will mark 2nd page with PAGE_WRITE,
invalidate TB, generate new TB contatining 1 guest instruction and
exit to CPU loop. QEMU won't call mprotect, and new TB will cause
same SEGFAULT. Page will have both PAGE_WRITE_ORG and PAGE_WRITE
flags, so QEMU will handle the signal as guest binary problem,
and exit with guest SEGFAULT.
Solution is to do following: In case if current TB was invalidated
continue to invalidate TBs from remaining guest pages and mark pages
as PAGE_WRITE. After that disable host page protection with mprotect.
If current tb was invalidated longjmp to main loop. That is more
efficient, since we won't get SEGFAULT when executing new TB.
Reviewed-by: Sergey Fedorov <sergey.fedorov@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Stanislav Shmarov <snarpix@gmail.com>
Message-Id: <1467880392-1043630-1-git-send-email-snarpix@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
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Information is tracked inside the TCGContext structure, and later used
by tracing events with the 'tcg' and 'vcpu' properties.
The 'cpu' field is used to check tracing of translation-time
events ("*_trans"). The 'tcg_env' field is used to pass it to
execution-time events ("*_exec").
Signed-off-by: Lluís Vilanova <vilanova@ac.upc.edu>
Reviewed-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
Message-id: 146549350162.18437.3033661139638458143.stgit@fimbulvetr.bsc.es
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
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qemu/osdep.h checks whether MAP_ANONYMOUS is defined, but this check
is bogus without a previous inclusion of sys/mman.h. Include it in
sysemu/os-posix.h and remove it from everywhere else.
Reviewed-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
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Examples:
- Good hashing, i.e. tb_hash_func5(phys_pc, pc, flags):
TB count 715135/2684354
[...]
TB hash buckets 388775/524288 (74.15% head buckets used)
TB hash occupancy 33.04% avg chain occ. Histogram: [0,10)%|▆ █ ▅▁▃▁▁|[90,100]%
TB hash avg chain 1.017 buckets. Histogram: 1|█▁▁|3
- Not-so-good hashing, i.e. tb_hash_func5(phys_pc, pc, 0):
TB count 712636/2684354
[...]
TB hash buckets 344924/524288 (65.79% head buckets used)
TB hash occupancy 31.64% avg chain occ. Histogram: [0,10)%|█ ▆ ▅▁▃▁▂|[90,100]%
TB hash avg chain 1.047 buckets. Histogram: 1|█▁▁▁|4
- Bad hashing, i.e. tb_hash_func5(phys_pc, 0, 0):
TB count 702818/2684354
[...]
TB hash buckets 112741/524288 (21.50% head buckets used)
TB hash occupancy 10.15% avg chain occ. Histogram: [0,10)%|█ ▁ ▁▁▁▁▁|[90,100]%
TB hash avg chain 2.107 buckets. Histogram: [1.0,10.2)|█▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁|[83.8,93.0]
- Good hashing, but no auto-resize:
TB count 715634/2684354
TB hash buckets 8192/8192 (100.00% head buckets used)
TB hash occupancy 98.30% avg chain occ. Histogram: [95.3,95.8)%|▁▁▃▄▃▄▁▇▁█|[99.5,100.0]%
TB hash avg chain 22.070 buckets. Histogram: [15.0,16.7)|▁▂▅▄█▅▁▁▁▁|[30.3,32.0]
Acked-by: Sergey Fedorov <sergey.fedorov@linaro.org>
Suggested-by: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
Signed-off-by: Emilio G. Cota <cota@braap.org>
Message-Id: <1465412133-3029-16-git-send-email-cota@braap.org>
Signed-off-by: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
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Having a fixed-size hash table for keeping track of all translation blocks
is suboptimal: some workloads are just too big or too small to get maximum
performance from the hash table. The MRU promotion policy helps improve
performance when the hash table is a little undersized, but it cannot
make up for severely undersized hash tables.
Furthermore, frequent MRU promotions result in writes that are a scalability
bottleneck. For scalability, lookups should only perform reads, not writes.
This is not a big deal for now, but it will become one once MTTCG matures.
The appended fixes these issues by using qht as the implementation of
the TB hash table. This solution is superior to other alternatives considered,
namely:
- master: implementation in QEMU before this patchset
- xxhash: before this patch, i.e. fixed buckets + xxhash hashing + MRU.
- xxhash-rcu: fixed buckets + xxhash + RCU list + MRU.
MRU is implemented here by adding an intermediate struct
that contains the u32 hash and a pointer to the TB; this
allows us, on an MRU promotion, to copy said struct (that is not
at the head), and put this new copy at the head. After a grace
period, the original non-head struct can be eliminated, and
after another grace period, freed.
- qht-fixed-nomru: fixed buckets + xxhash + qht without auto-resize +
no MRU for lookups; MRU for inserts.
The appended solution is the following:
- qht-dyn-nomru: dynamic number of buckets + xxhash + qht w/ auto-resize +
no MRU for lookups; MRU for inserts.
The plots below compare the considered solutions. The Y axis shows the
boot time (in seconds) of a debian jessie image with arm-softmmu; the X axis
sweeps the number of buckets (or initial number of buckets for qht-autoresize).
The plots in PNG format (and with errorbars) can be seen here:
http://imgur.com/a/Awgnq
Each test runs 5 times, and the entire QEMU process is pinned to a
single core for repeatability of results.
Host: Intel Xeon E5-2690
28 ++------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+------------++
A***** + + + master **A*** +
27 ++ * xxhash ##B###++
| A******A****** xxhash-rcu $$C$$$ |
26 C$$ A******A****** qht-fixed-nomru*%%D%%%++
D%%$$ A******A******A*qht-dyn-mru A*E****A
25 ++ %%$$ qht-dyn-nomru &&F&&&++
B#####% |
24 ++ #C$$$$$ ++
| B### $ |
| ## C$$$$$$ |
23 ++ # C$$$$$$ ++
| B###### C$$$$$$ %%%D
22 ++ %B###### C$$$$$$C$$$$$$C$$$$$$C$$$$$$C$$$$$$C
| D%%%%%%B###### @E@@@@@@ %%%D%%%@@@E@@@@@@E
21 E@@@@@@E@@@@@@F&&&@@@E@@@&&&D%%%%%%B######B######B######B######B######B
+ E@@@ F&&& + E@ + F&&& + +
20 ++------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+------------++
14 16 18 20 22 24
log2 number of buckets
Host: Intel i7-4790K
14.5 ++------------+------------+-------------+------------+------------++
A** + + + master **A*** +
14 ++ ** xxhash ##B###++
13.5 ++ ** xxhash-rcu $$C$$$++
| qht-fixed-nomru %%D%%% |
13 ++ A****** qht-dyn-mru @@E@@@++
| A*****A******A****** qht-dyn-nomru &&F&&& |
12.5 C$$ A******A******A*****A****** ***A
12 ++ $$ A*** ++
D%%% $$ |
11.5 ++ %% ++
B### %C$$$$$$ |
11 ++ ## D%%%%% C$$$$$ ++
| # % C$$$$$$ |
10.5 F&&&&&&B######D%%%%% C$$$$$$C$$$$$$C$$$$$$C$$$$$C$$$$$$ $$$C
10 E@@@@@@E@@@@@@B#####B######B######E@@@@@@E@@@%%%D%%%%%D%%%###B######B
+ F&& D%%%%%%B######B######B#####B###@@@D%%% +
9.5 ++------------+------------+-------------+------------+------------++
14 16 18 20 22 24
log2 number of buckets
Note that the original point before this patch series is X=15 for "master";
the little sensitivity to the increased number of buckets is due to the
poor hashing function in master.
xxhash-rcu has significant overhead due to the constant churn of allocating
and deallocating intermediate structs for implementing MRU. An alternative
would be do consider failed lookups as "maybe not there", and then
acquire the external lock (tb_lock in this case) to really confirm that
there was indeed a failed lookup. This, however, would not be enough
to implement dynamic resizing--this is more complex: see
"Resizable, Scalable, Concurrent Hash Tables via Relativistic
Programming" by Triplett, McKenney and Walpole. This solution was
discarded due to the very coarse RCU read critical sections that we have
in MTTCG; resizing requires waiting for readers after every pointer update,
and resizes require many pointer updates, so this would quickly become
prohibitive.
qht-fixed-nomru shows that MRU promotion is advisable for undersized
hash tables.
However, qht-dyn-mru shows that MRU promotion is not important if the
hash table is properly sized: there is virtually no difference in
performance between qht-dyn-nomru and qht-dyn-mru.
Before this patch, we're at X=15 on "xxhash"; after this patch, we're at
X=15 @ qht-dyn-nomru. This patch thus matches the best performance that we
can achieve with optimum sizing of the hash table, while keeping the hash
table scalable for readers.
The improvement we get before and after this patch for booting debian jessie
with arm-softmmu is:
- Intel Xeon E5-2690: 10.5% less time
- Intel i7-4790K: 5.2% less time
We could get this same improvement _for this particular workload_ by
statically increasing the size of the hash table. But this would hurt
workloads that do not need a large hash table. The dynamic (upward)
resizing allows us to start small and enlarge the hash table as needed.
A quick note on downsizing: the table is resized back to 2**15 buckets
on every tb_flush; this makes sense because it is not guaranteed that the
table will reach the same number of TBs later on (e.g. most bootup code is
thrown away after boot); it makes sense to grow the hash table as
more code blocks are translated. This also avoids the complication of
having to build downsizing hysteresis logic into qht.
Reviewed-by: Sergey Fedorov <serge.fedorov@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
Signed-off-by: Emilio G. Cota <cota@braap.org>
Message-Id: <1465412133-3029-15-git-send-email-cota@braap.org>
Signed-off-by: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
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For some workloads such as arm bootup, tb_phys_hash is performance-critical.
The is due to the high frequency of accesses to the hash table, originated
by (frequent) TLB flushes that wipe out the cpu-private tb_jmp_cache's.
More info:
https://lists.nongnu.org/archive/html/qemu-devel/2016-03/msg05098.html
To dig further into this I modified an arm image booting debian jessie to
immediately shut down after boot. Analysis revealed that quite a bit of time
is unnecessarily spent in tb_phys_hash: the cause is poor hashing that
results in very uneven loading of chains in the hash table's buckets;
the longest observed chain had ~550 elements.
The appended addresses this with two changes:
1) Use xxhash as the hash table's hash function. xxhash is a fast,
high-quality hashing function.
2) Feed the hashing function with not just tb_phys, but also pc and flags.
This improves performance over using just tb_phys for hashing, since that
resulted in some hash buckets having many TB's, while others getting very few;
with these changes, the longest observed chain on a single hash bucket is
brought down from ~550 to ~40.
Tests show that the other element checked for in tb_find_physical,
cs_base, is always a match when tb_phys+pc+flags are a match,
so hashing cs_base is wasteful. It could be that this is an ARM-only
thing, though. UPDATE:
On Tue, Apr 05, 2016 at 08:41:43 -0700, Richard Henderson wrote:
> The cs_base field is only used by i386 (in 16-bit modes), and sparc (for a TB
> consisting of only a delay slot).
> It may well still turn out to be reasonable to ignore cs_base for hashing.
BTW, after this change the hash table should not be called "tb_hash_phys"
anymore; this is addressed later in this series.
This change gives consistent bootup time improvements. I tested two
host machines:
- Intel Xeon E5-2690: 11.6% less time
- Intel i7-4790K: 19.2% less time
Increasing the number of hash buckets yields further improvements. However,
using a larger, fixed number of buckets can degrade performance for other
workloads that do not translate as many blocks (600K+ for debian-jessie arm
bootup). This is dealt with later in this series.
Reviewed-by: Sergey Fedorov <sergey.fedorov@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
Reviewed-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Emilio G. Cota <cota@braap.org>
Message-Id: <1465412133-3029-8-git-send-email-cota@braap.org>
Signed-off-by: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
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The function cpu_resume_from_signal() is now always called with a
NULL puc argument, and is rather misnamed since it is never called
from a signal handler. It is essentially forcing an exit to the
top level cpu loop but without raising any exception, so rename
it to cpu_loop_exit_noexc() and drop the useless unused argument.
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Sergey Fedorov <sergey.fedorov@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Eduardo Habkost <ehabkost@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Riku Voipio <riku.voipio@linaro.org>
Message-id: 1463494687-25947-4-git-send-email-peter.maydell@linaro.org
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Since the only caller of page_unprotect() which might cause it to
need to call cpu_resume_from_signal() is handle_cpu_signal() in
the user-mode code, push the longjump handling out to that function.
Since this is the only caller of cpu_resume_from_signal() which
passes a non-NULL puc argument, split the non-NULL handling into
a new cpu_exit_tb_from_sighandler() function. This allows us
to merge the softmmu and usermode implementations of the
cpu_resume_from_signal() function, which are now identical.
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Sergey Fedorov <sergey.fedorov@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Eduardo Habkost <ehabkost@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Riku Voipio <riku.voipio@linaro.org>
Message-id: 1463494687-25947-3-git-send-email-peter.maydell@linaro.org
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The user-mode-only function tb_invalidate_phys_page() is only
called from two places:
* page_unprotect(), which passes in a non-zero pc, a puc pointer
and the value 'true' for the locked argument
* page_set_flags(), which passes in a zero pc, a NULL puc pointer
and a 'false' locked argument
If the pc is non-zero then we may call cpu_resume_from_signal(),
which does a longjmp out of the calling code (and out of the
signal handler); this is to cover the case of a target CPU with
"precise self-modifying code" (currently only x86) executing
a store instruction which modifies code in the same TB as the
store itself. Rather than doing the longjump directly here,
return a flag to the caller which indicates whether the current
TB was modified, and move the longjump to page_unprotect.
Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Sergey Fedorov <sergey.fedorov@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Eduardo Habkost <ehabkost@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Riku Voipio <riku.voipio@linaro.org>
Message-id: 1463494687-25947-2-git-send-email-peter.maydell@linaro.org
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mr->ram_block->offset is already aligned to both host and target size
(see qemu_ram_alloc_internal). Remove further masking as it is
unnecessary.
Reviewed-by: Fam Zheng <famz@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
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exec-all.h contains TCG-specific definitions. It is not needed outside
TCG-specific files such as translate.c, exec.c or *helper.c.
One generic function had snuck into include/exec/exec-all.h; move it to
include/qom/cpu.h.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
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This field was used for telling cpu_interrupt() to unlink a chain of TBs
being executed when it worked that way. Now, cpu_interrupt() don't do
this anymore. So we don't need this field anymore.
Signed-off-by: Sergey Fedorov <serge.fdrv@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Sergey Fedorov <sergey.fedorov@linaro.org>
Message-Id: <1462273462-14036-1-git-send-email-sergey.fedorov@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
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'tb_invalidated_flag' was meant to catch two events:
* some TB has been invalidated by tb_phys_invalidate();
* the whole translation buffer has been flushed by tb_flush().
Then it was checked:
* in cpu_exec() to ensure that the last executed TB can be safely
linked to directly call the next one;
* in cpu_exec_nocache() to decide if the original TB should be provided
for further possible invalidation along with the temporarily
generated TB.
It is always safe to patch an invalidated TB since it is not going to be
used anyway. It is also safe to call tb_phys_invalidate() for an already
invalidated TB. Thus, setting this flag in tb_phys_invalidate() is
simply unnecessary. Moreover, it can prevent from pretty proper linking
of TBs, if any arbitrary TB has been invalidated. So just don't touch it
in tb_phys_invalidate().
If this flag is only used to catch whether tb_flush() has been called
then rename it to 'tb_flushed'. Declare it as 'bool' and stick to using
only 'true' and 'false' to set its value. Also, instead of setting it in
tb_gen_code(), just after tb_flush() has been called, do it right inside
of tb_flush().
In cpu_exec(), this flag is used to track if tb_flush() has been called
and have made 'next_tb' (a reference to the last executed TB) invalid
for linking it to directly call the next TB. tb_flush() can be called
during the CPU execution loop from tb_gen_code(), during TB execution or
by another thread while 'tb_lock' is released. Catch for translation
buffer flush reliably by resetting this flag once before first TB lookup
and each time we find it set before trying to add a direct jump. Don't
touch in in tb_find_physical().
Each vCPU has its own execution loop in multithreaded mode and thus
should have its own copy of the flag to be able to reset it with its own
'next_tb' and don't affect any other vCPU execution thread. So make this
flag per-vCPU and move it to CPUState.
In cpu_exec_nocache(), we only need to check if tb_flush() has been
called from tb_gen_code() called by cpu_exec_nocache() itself. To do
this reliably, preserve the old value of the flag, reset it before
calling tb_gen_code(), check afterwards, and combine the saved value
back to the flag.
This patch is based on the patch "tcg: move tb_invalidated_flag to
CPUState" from Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>.
Signed-off-by: Sergey Fedorov <serge.fdrv@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Sergey Fedorov <sergey.fedorov@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
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Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
[Sergey Fedorov: eliminate the field entirely in user-mode]
Signed-off-by: Sergey Fedorov <sergey.fedorov@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
Reviewed-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
[rth: merged followup fixup]
Message-Id: <1462982777-4513-1-git-send-email-sergey.fedorov@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
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Unify the code of this function with tb_jmp_remove_from_list(). Making
these functions similar improves their readability. Also this could be a
step towards making this function thread-safe.
Signed-off-by: Sergey Fedorov <serge.fdrv@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Sergey Fedorov <sergey.fedorov@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
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Move the code for removing jumps to a TB out of tb_phys_invalidate() to
a separate static inline function tb_jmp_unlink(). This simplifies
tb_phys_invalidate() and improves code structure.
Signed-off-by: Sergey Fedorov <serge.fdrv@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Sergey Fedorov <sergey.fedorov@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
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tb_jmp_remove() was only used to remove the TB from a list of all TBs
jumping to the same TB which is n-th jump destination of the given TB.
Put a comment briefly describing the function behavior and rename it to
better reflect its purpose.
Signed-off-by: Sergey Fedorov <serge.fdrv@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Sergey Fedorov <sergey.fedorov@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
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Initialize TB's direct jump list data fields and reset the jumps before
tb_link_page() puts it into the physical hash table and the physical
page list. So TB is completely initialized before it becomes visible.
This is pure rearrangement of code to a more suitable place, though it
could be a preparation for relaxing the locking scheme in future.
Signed-off-by: Sergey Fedorov <serge.fdrv@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Sergey Fedorov <sergey.fedorov@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
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Signed-off-by: Sergey Fedorov <serge.fdrv@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Sergey Fedorov <sergey.fedorov@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
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These fields do not contain pure pointers to a TranslationBlock
structure. So uintptr_t is the most appropriate type for them.
Also put some asserts to assure that the two least significant bits of
the pointer are always zero before assigning it to jmp_list_first.
Signed-off-by: Sergey Fedorov <serge.fdrv@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Sergey Fedorov <sergey.fedorov@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
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Briefly describe in a comment how direct block chaining is done. It
should help in understanding of the following data fields.
Rename some fields in TranslationBlock and TCGContext structures to
better reflect their purpose (dropping excessive 'tb_' prefix in
TranslationBlock but keeping it in TCGContext):
tb_next_offset => jmp_reset_offset
tb_jmp_offset => jmp_insn_offset
tb_next => jmp_target_addr
jmp_next => jmp_list_next
jmp_first => jmp_list_first
Avoid using a magic constant as an invalid offset which is used to
indicate that there's no n-th jump generated.
Signed-off-by: Sergey Fedorov <serge.fdrv@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Sergey Fedorov <sergey.fedorov@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
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Make sure we preserve the high 32-bits when masking for mips64.
Signed-off-by: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
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