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Diffstat (limited to 'docs/interop/qcow2.txt')
| -rw-r--r-- | docs/interop/qcow2.txt | 38 |
1 files changed, 36 insertions, 2 deletions
diff --git a/docs/interop/qcow2.txt b/docs/interop/qcow2.txt index 845d40a086..fb5cb47245 100644 --- a/docs/interop/qcow2.txt +++ b/docs/interop/qcow2.txt @@ -40,7 +40,18 @@ The first cluster of a qcow2 image contains the file header: with larger cluster sizes. 24 - 31: size - Virtual disk size in bytes + Virtual disk size in bytes. + + Note: qemu has an implementation limit of 32 MB as + the maximum L1 table size. With a 2 MB cluster + size, it is unable to populate a virtual cluster + beyond 2 EB (61 bits); with a 512 byte cluster + size, it is unable to populate a virtual size + larger than 128 GB (37 bits). Meanwhile, L1/L2 + table layouts limit an image to no more than 64 PB + (56 bits) of populated clusters, and an image may + hit other limits first (such as a file system's + maximum size). 32 - 35: crypt_method 0 for no encryption @@ -326,6 +337,17 @@ in the image file. It contains pointers to the second level structures which are called refcount blocks and are exactly one cluster in size. +Although a large enough refcount table can reserve clusters past 64 PB +(56 bits) (assuming the underlying protocol can even be sized that +large), note that some qcow2 metadata such as L1/L2 tables must point +to clusters prior to that point. + +Note: qemu has an implementation limit of 8 MB as the maximum refcount +table size. With a 2 MB cluster size and a default refcount_order of +4, it is unable to reference host resources beyond 2 EB (61 bits); in +the worst case, with a 512 cluster size and refcount_order of 6, it is +unable to access beyond 32 GB (35 bits). + Given an offset into the image file, the refcount of its cluster can be obtained as follows: @@ -365,6 +387,16 @@ The L1 table has a variable size (stored in the header) and may use multiple clusters, however it must be contiguous in the image file. L2 tables are exactly one cluster in size. +The L1 and L2 tables have implications on the maximum virtual file +size; for a given L1 table size, a larger cluster size is required for +the guest to have access to more space. Furthermore, a virtual +cluster must currently map to a host offset below 64 PB (56 bits) +(although this limit could be relaxed by putting reserved bits into +use). Additionally, as cluster size increases, the maximum host +offset for a compressed cluster is reduced (a 2M cluster size requires +compressed clusters to reside below 512 TB (49 bits), and this limit +cannot be relaxed without an incompatible layout change). + Given an offset into the virtual disk, the offset into the image file can be obtained as follows: @@ -427,7 +459,9 @@ Standard Cluster Descriptor: Compressed Clusters Descriptor (x = 62 - (cluster_bits - 8)): Bit 0 - x-1: Host cluster offset. This is usually _not_ aligned to a - cluster or sector boundary! + cluster or sector boundary! If cluster_bits is + small enough that this field includes bits beyond + 55, those upper bits must be set to 0. x - 61: Number of additional 512-byte sectors used for the compressed data, beyond the sector containing the offset |