vnc: Add ZRLE and ZYWRLE encodings.

Add ZRLE [1] and ZYWRLE [2] encodings. The code is inspire^W stolen
from libvncserver (again), but have been rewriten to match QEMU coding
style.

[1] http://www.realvnc.com/docs/rfbproto.pdf
[2] http://micro-vnc.jp/research/remote_desktop_ng/ZYWRLE/publications/

Signed-off-by: Corentin Chary <corentincj@iksaif.net>
Signed-off-by: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>

1 files changed, 659 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/ui/vnc-enc-zywrle.h b/ui/vnc-enc-zywrle.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ac5d27a449
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ui/vnc-enc-zywrle.h
@@ -0,0 +1,659 @@
+/********************************************************************
+ *                                                                  *
+ * THIS FILE IS PART OF THE 'ZYWRLE' VNC CODEC SOURCE CODE.         *
+ *                                                                  *
+ * USE, DISTRIBUTION AND REPRODUCTION OF THIS LIBRARY SOURCE IS     *
+ * GOVERNED BY A FOLLOWING BSD-STYLE SOURCE LICENSE.                *
+ * PLEASE READ THESE TERMS BEFORE DISTRIBUTING.                     *
+ *                                                                  *
+ * THE 'ZYWRLE' VNC CODEC SOURCE CODE IS (C) COPYRIGHT 2006         *
+ * BY Hitachi Systems & Services, Ltd.                              *
+ * (Noriaki Yamazaki, Research & Developement Center)               *
+ *                                                                  *
+ *                                                                  *
+ ********************************************************************
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+are met:
+
+- Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+
+- Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+- Neither the name of the Hitachi Systems & Services, Ltd. nor
+the names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote
+products derived from this software without specific prior written
+permission.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION
+OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ ********************************************************************/
+
+#ifndef VNC_ENCODING_ZYWRLE_H
+#define VNC_ENCODING_ZYWRLE_H
+
+/* Tables for Coefficients filtering. */
+#ifndef ZYWRLE_QUANTIZE
+/* Type A:lower bit omitting of EZW style. */
+static const unsigned int zywrle_param[3][3]={
+	{0x0000F000, 0x00000000, 0x00000000},
+	{0x0000C000, 0x00F0F0F0, 0x00000000},
+	{0x0000C000, 0x00C0C0C0, 0x00F0F0F0},
+/*	{0x0000FF00, 0x00000000, 0x00000000},
+	{0x0000FF00, 0x00FFFFFF, 0x00000000},
+	{0x0000FF00, 0x00FFFFFF, 0x00FFFFFF}, */
+};
+#else
+/* Type B:Non liner quantization filter. */
+static const int8_t zywrle_conv[4][256]={
+{	/* bi=5, bo=5 r=0.0:PSNR=24.849 */
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+},
+{	/* bi=5, bo=5 r=2.0:PSNR=74.031 */
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 32,
+	32, 32, 32, 32, 32, 32, 32, 32,
+	32, 32, 32, 32, 32, 32, 32, 32,
+	48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48,
+	48, 48, 48, 56, 56, 56, 56, 56,
+	56, 56, 56, 56, 64, 64, 64, 64,
+	64, 64, 64, 64, 72, 72, 72, 72,
+	72, 72, 72, 72, 80, 80, 80, 80,
+	80, 80, 88, 88, 88, 88, 88, 88,
+	88, 88, 88, 88, 88, 88, 96, 96,
+	96, 96, 96, 104, 104, 104, 104, 104,
+	104, 104, 104, 104, 104, 112, 112, 112,
+	112, 112, 112, 112, 112, 112, 120, 120,
+	120, 120, 120, 120, 120, 120, 120, 120,
+	0, -120, -120, -120, -120, -120, -120, -120,
+	-120, -120, -120, -112, -112, -112, -112, -112,
+	-112, -112, -112, -112, -104, -104, -104, -104,
+	-104, -104, -104, -104, -104, -104, -96, -96,
+	-96, -96, -96, -88, -88, -88, -88, -88,
+	-88, -88, -88, -88, -88, -88, -88, -80,
+	-80, -80, -80, -80, -80, -72, -72, -72,
+	-72, -72, -72, -72, -72, -64, -64, -64,
+	-64, -64, -64, -64, -64, -56, -56, -56,
+	-56, -56, -56, -56, -56, -56, -48, -48,
+	-48, -48, -48, -48, -48, -48, -48, -48,
+	-48, -32, -32, -32, -32, -32, -32, -32,
+	-32, -32, -32, -32, -32, -32, -32, -32,
+	-32, -32, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+},
+{	/* bi=5, bo=4 r=2.0:PSNR=64.441 */
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48,
+	48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48,
+	48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48,
+	64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64,
+	64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64,
+	80, 80, 80, 80, 80, 80, 80, 80,
+	80, 80, 80, 80, 80, 88, 88, 88,
+	88, 88, 88, 88, 88, 88, 88, 88,
+	104, 104, 104, 104, 104, 104, 104, 104,
+	104, 104, 104, 112, 112, 112, 112, 112,
+	112, 112, 112, 112, 120, 120, 120, 120,
+	120, 120, 120, 120, 120, 120, 120, 120,
+	0, -120, -120, -120, -120, -120, -120, -120,
+	-120, -120, -120, -120, -120, -112, -112, -112,
+	-112, -112, -112, -112, -112, -112, -104, -104,
+	-104, -104, -104, -104, -104, -104, -104, -104,
+	-104, -88, -88, -88, -88, -88, -88, -88,
+	-88, -88, -88, -88, -80, -80, -80, -80,
+	-80, -80, -80, -80, -80, -80, -80, -80,
+	-80, -64, -64, -64, -64, -64, -64, -64,
+	-64, -64, -64, -64, -64, -64, -64, -64,
+	-64, -48, -48, -48, -48, -48, -48, -48,
+	-48, -48, -48, -48, -48, -48, -48, -48,
+	-48, -48, -48, -48, -48, -48, -48, -48,
+	-48, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+},
+{	/* bi=5, bo=2 r=2.0:PSNR=43.175 */
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	88, 88, 88, 88, 88, 88, 88, 88,
+	88, 88, 88, 88, 88, 88, 88, 88,
+	88, 88, 88, 88, 88, 88, 88, 88,
+	88, 88, 88, 88, 88, 88, 88, 88,
+	88, 88, 88, 88, 88, 88, 88, 88,
+	88, 88, 88, 88, 88, 88, 88, 88,
+	88, 88, 88, 88, 88, 88, 88, 88,
+	88, 88, 88, 88, 88, 88, 88, 88,
+	0, -88, -88, -88, -88, -88, -88, -88,
+	-88, -88, -88, -88, -88, -88, -88, -88,
+	-88, -88, -88, -88, -88, -88, -88, -88,
+	-88, -88, -88, -88, -88, -88, -88, -88,
+	-88, -88, -88, -88, -88, -88, -88, -88,
+	-88, -88, -88, -88, -88, -88, -88, -88,
+	-88, -88, -88, -88, -88, -88, -88, -88,
+	-88, -88, -88, -88, -88, -88, -88, -88,
+	-88, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+}
+};
+
+static const int8_t *zywrle_param[3][3][3]={
+	{{zywrle_conv[0], zywrle_conv[2], zywrle_conv[0]},
+         {zywrle_conv[0], zywrle_conv[0], zywrle_conv[0]},
+         {zywrle_conv[0], zywrle_conv[0], zywrle_conv[0]}},
+	{{zywrle_conv[0], zywrle_conv[3], zywrle_conv[0]},
+         {zywrle_conv[1], zywrle_conv[1], zywrle_conv[1]},
+         {zywrle_conv[0], zywrle_conv[0], zywrle_conv[0]}},
+	{{zywrle_conv[0], zywrle_conv[3], zywrle_conv[0]},
+         {zywrle_conv[2], zywrle_conv[2], zywrle_conv[2]},
+         {zywrle_conv[1], zywrle_conv[1], zywrle_conv[1]}},
+};
+#endif
+
+/*   Load/Save pixel stuffs. */
+#define ZYWRLE_YMASK15  0xFFFFFFF8
+#define ZYWRLE_UVMASK15 0xFFFFFFF8
+#define ZYWRLE_LOAD_PIXEL15(src, r, g, b)                               \
+    do {                                                                \
+	r = (((uint8_t*)src)[S_1]<< 1)& 0xF8;                           \
+	g = (((uint8_t*)src)[S_1]<< 6) | (((uint8_t*)src)[S_0]>> 2);    \
+        g &= 0xF8;                                                      \
+	b =  (((uint8_t*)src)[S_0]<< 3)& 0xF8;                          \
+    } while (0)
+
+#define ZYWRLE_SAVE_PIXEL15(dst, r, g, b)                               \
+    do {                                                                \
+	r &= 0xF8;                                                      \
+	g &= 0xF8;                                                      \
+	b &= 0xF8;                                                      \
+	((uint8_t*)dst)[S_1] = (uint8_t)((r >> 1)|(g >> 6));            \
+	((uint8_t*)dst)[S_0] = (uint8_t)(((b >> 3)|(g << 2))& 0xFF);    \
+    } while (0)
+
+#define ZYWRLE_YMASK16  0xFFFFFFFC
+#define ZYWRLE_UVMASK16 0xFFFFFFF8
+#define ZYWRLE_LOAD_PIXEL16(src, r, g, b)                               \
+    do {                                                                \
+	r = ((uint8_t*)src)[S_1] & 0xF8;                                \
+	g = (((uint8_t*)src)[S_1]<< 5) | (((uint8_t*)src)[S_0] >> 3);   \
+        g &= 0xFC;                                                      \
+	b = (((uint8_t*)src)[S_0]<< 3) & 0xF8;                          \
+    } while (0)
+
+#define ZYWRLE_SAVE_PIXEL16(dst, r, g,b)                                \
+    do {                                                                \
+	r &= 0xF8;                                                      \
+	g &= 0xFC;                                                      \
+	b &= 0xF8;                                                      \
+	((uint8_t*)dst)[S_1] = (uint8_t)(r | (g >> 5));                 \
+	((uint8_t*)dst)[S_0] = (uint8_t)(((b >> 3)|(g << 3)) & 0xFF);   \
+    } while (0)
+
+#define ZYWRLE_YMASK32  0xFFFFFFFF
+#define ZYWRLE_UVMASK32 0xFFFFFFFF
+#define ZYWRLE_LOAD_PIXEL32(src, r, g, b)     \
+    do {                                      \
+	r = ((uint8_t*)src)[L_2];             \
+	g = ((uint8_t*)src)[L_1];             \
+	b = ((uint8_t*)src)[L_0];             \
+    } while (0)
+#define ZYWRLE_SAVE_PIXEL32(dst, r, g, b)             \
+    do {                                              \
+	((uint8_t*)dst)[L_2] = (uint8_t)r;            \
+	((uint8_t*)dst)[L_1] = (uint8_t)g;            \
+	((uint8_t*)dst)[L_0] = (uint8_t)b;            \
+    } while (0)
+
+static inline void harr(int8_t *px0, int8_t *px1)
+{
+    /* Piecewise-Linear Harr(PLHarr) */
+    int x0 = (int)*px0, x1 = (int)*px1;
+    int orgx0 = x0, orgx1 = x1;
+
+    if ((x0 ^ x1) & 0x80) {
+        /* differ sign */
+        x1 += x0;
+        if (((x1 ^ orgx1) & 0x80) == 0) {
+            /* |x1| > |x0| */
+            x0 -= x1;	/* H = -B */
+        }
+    } else {
+        /* same sign */
+        x0 -= x1;
+        if (((x0 ^ orgx0) & 0x80) == 0) {
+            /* |x0| > |x1| */
+            x1 += x0;	/* L = A */
+        }
+    }
+    *px0 = (int8_t)x1;
+    *px1 = (int8_t)x0;
+}
+
+/*
+ 1D-Wavelet transform.
+
+ In coefficients array, the famous 'pyramid' decomposition is well used.
+
+ 1D Model:
+   |L0L0L0L0|L0L0L0L0|H0H0H0H0|H0H0H0H0| : level 0
+   |L1L1L1L1|H1H1H1H1|H0H0H0H0|H0H0H0H0| : level 1
+
+ But this method needs line buffer because H/L is different position from X0/X1.
+ So, I used 'interleave' decomposition instead of it.
+
+ 1D Model:
+   |L0H0L0H0|L0H0L0H0|L0H0L0H0|L0H0L0H0| : level 0
+   |L1H0H1H0|L1H0H1H0|L1H0H1H0|L1H0H1H0| : level 1
+
+ In this method, H/L and X0/X1 is always same position.
+ This lead us to more speed and less memory.
+ Of cause, the result of both method is quite same
+ because it's only difference that coefficient position.
+*/
+static inline void wavelet_level(int *data, int size, int l, int skip_pixel)
+{
+    int s, ofs;
+    int8_t *px0;
+    int8_t *end;
+
+    px0 = (int8_t*)data;
+    s = (8 << l) * skip_pixel;
+    end = px0 + (size >> (l + 1)) * s;
+    s -= 2;
+    ofs = (4 << l) * skip_pixel;
+
+    while (px0 < end) {
+        harr(px0, px0 + ofs);
+        px0++;
+        harr(px0, px0 + ofs);
+        px0++;
+        harr(px0, px0 + ofs);
+        px0 += s;
+    }
+}
+
+#ifndef ZYWRLE_QUANTIZE
+/* Type A:lower bit omitting of EZW style. */
+static inline void filter_wavelet_square(int *buf, int width, int height,
+                                         int level, int l)
+{
+    int r, s;
+    int x, y;
+    int *h;
+    const unsigned int *m;
+
+    m = &(zywrle_param[level - 1][l]);
+    s = 2 << l;
+
+    for (r = 1; r < 4; r++) {
+        h = buf;
+        if (r & 0x01) {
+            h += s >> 1;
+        }
+        if (r & 0x02) {
+            h += (s >> 1) * width;
+        }
+        for (y = 0; y < height / s; y++) {
+            for (x = 0; x < width / s; x++) {
+                /*
+                  these are same following code.
+                  h[x] = h[x] / (~m[x]+1) * (~m[x]+1);
+                  ( round h[x] with m[x] bit )
+                  '&' operator isn't 'round' but is 'floor'.
+                  So, we must offset when h[x] is negative.
+                */
+                if (((int8_t*)h)[0] & 0x80) {
+                    ((int8_t*)h)[0] += ~((int8_t*)m)[0];
+                }
+                if (((int8_t*)h)[1] & 0x80) {
+                    ((int8_t*)h)[1] += ~((int8_t*)m)[1];
+                }
+                if (((int8_t*)h)[2] & 0x80) {
+                    ((int8_t*)h)[2] += ~((int8_t*)m)[2];
+                }
+                *h &= *m;
+                h += s;
+            }
+            h += (s-1)*width;
+        }
+    }
+}
+#else
+/*
+ Type B:Non liner quantization filter.
+
+ Coefficients have Gaussian curve and smaller value which is
+ large part of coefficients isn't more important than larger value.
+ So, I use filter of Non liner quantize/dequantize table.
+ In general, Non liner quantize formula is explained as following.
+
+    y=f(x)   = sign(x)*round( ((abs(x)/(2^7))^ r   )* 2^(bo-1) )*2^(8-bo)
+    x=f-1(y) = sign(y)*round( ((abs(y)/(2^7))^(1/r))* 2^(bi-1) )*2^(8-bi)
+ ( r:power coefficient  bi:effective MSB in input  bo:effective MSB in output )
+
+   r < 1.0 : Smaller value is more important than larger value.
+   r > 1.0 : Larger value is more important than smaller value.
+   r = 1.0 : Liner quantization which is same with EZW style.
+
+ r = 0.75 is famous non liner quantization used in MP3 audio codec.
+ In contrast to audio data, larger value is important in wavelet coefficients.
+ So, I select r = 2.0 table( quantize is x^2, dequantize sqrt(x) ).
+
+ As compared with EZW style liner quantization, this filter tended to be
+ more sharp edge and be more compression rate but be more blocking noise and be
+ less quality. Especially, the surface of graphic objects has distinguishable
+ noise in middle quality mode.
+
+ We need only quantized-dequantized(filtered) value rather than quantized value
+ itself because all values are packed or palette-lized in later ZRLE section.
+ This lead us not to need to modify client decoder when we change
+ the filtering procedure in future.
+ Client only decodes coefficients given by encoder.
+*/
+static inline void filter_wavelet_square(int *buf, int width, int height,
+                                         int level, int l)
+{
+    int r, s;
+    int x, y;
+    int *h;
+    const int8_t **m;
+
+    m = zywrle_param[level - 1][l];
+    s = 2 << l;
+
+    for (r = 1; r < 4; r++) {
+        h = buf;
+        if (r & 0x01) {
+            h += s >> 1;
+        }
+        if (r & 0x02) {
+            h += (s >> 1) * width;
+        }
+        for (y = 0; y < height / s; y++) {
+            for (x = 0; x < width / s; x++) {
+                ((int8_t*)h)[0] = m[0][((uint8_t*)h)[0]];
+                ((int8_t*)h)[1] = m[1][((uint8_t*)h)[1]];
+                ((int8_t*)h)[2] = m[2][((uint8_t*)h)[2]];
+                h += s;
+            }
+            h += (s - 1) * width;
+        }
+    }
+}
+#endif
+
+static inline void wavelet(int *buf, int width, int height, int level)
+{
+	int l, s;
+	int *top;
+	int *end;
+
+	for (l = 0; l < level; l++) {
+		top = buf;
+		end = buf + height * width;
+		s = width << l;
+		while (top < end) {
+			wavelet_level(top, width, l, 1);
+			top += s;
+		}
+		top = buf;
+		end = buf + width;
+		s = 1<<l;
+		while (top < end) {
+			wavelet_level(top, height, l, width);
+			top += s;
+		}
+		filter_wavelet_square(buf, width, height, level, l);
+	}
+}
+
+
+/* Load/Save coefficients stuffs.
+ Coefficients manages as 24 bits little-endian pixel. */
+#define ZYWRLE_LOAD_COEFF(src, r, g, b)         \
+    do {                                        \
+	r = ((int8_t*)src)[2];                  \
+	g = ((int8_t*)src)[1];                  \
+	b = ((int8_t*)src)[0];                  \
+    } while (0)
+
+#define ZYWRLE_SAVE_COEFF(dst, r, g, b)       \
+    do {                                      \
+	((int8_t*)dst)[2] = (int8_t)r;        \
+	((int8_t*)dst)[1] = (int8_t)g;        \
+	((int8_t*)dst)[0] = (int8_t)b;        \
+    } while (0)
+
+/*
+  RGB <=> YUV conversion stuffs.
+  YUV coversion is explained as following formula in strict meaning:
+  Y =  0.299R + 0.587G + 0.114B (   0<=Y<=255)
+  U = -0.169R - 0.331G + 0.500B (-128<=U<=127)
+  V =  0.500R - 0.419G - 0.081B (-128<=V<=127)
+
+  I use simple conversion RCT(reversible color transform) which is described
+  in JPEG-2000 specification.
+  Y = (R + 2G + B)/4 (   0<=Y<=255)
+  U = B-G (-256<=U<=255)
+  V = R-G (-256<=V<=255)
+*/
+
+/* RCT is N-bit RGB to N-bit Y and N+1-bit UV.
+   For make Same N-bit, UV is lossy.
+   More exact PLHarr, we reduce to odd range(-127<=x<=127). */
+#define ZYWRLE_RGBYUV_(r, g, b, y, u, v, ymask, uvmask)          \
+    do {                                                         \
+	y = (r + (g << 1) + b) >> 2;                             \
+	u =  b - g;                                              \
+	v =  r - g;                                              \
+	y -= 128;                                                \
+	u >>= 1;                                                 \
+	v >>= 1;                                                 \
+	y &= ymask;                                              \
+	u &= uvmask;                                             \
+	v &= uvmask;                                             \
+	if (y == -128) {                                         \
+            y += (0xFFFFFFFF - ymask + 1);                       \
+        }                                                        \
+	if (u == -128) {                                         \
+            u += (0xFFFFFFFF - uvmask + 1);                      \
+        }                                                        \
+	if (v == -128) {                                         \
+            v += (0xFFFFFFFF - uvmask + 1);                      \
+        }                                                        \
+    } while (0)
+
+
+/*
+ coefficient packing/unpacking stuffs.
+ Wavelet transform makes 4 sub coefficient image from 1 original image.
+
+ model with pyramid decomposition:
+   +------+------+
+   |      |      |
+   |  L   |  Hx  |
+   |      |      |
+   +------+------+
+   |      |      |
+   |  H   |  Hxy |
+   |      |      |
+   +------+------+
+
+ So, we must transfer each sub images individually in strict meaning.
+ But at least ZRLE meaning, following one decompositon image is same as
+ avobe individual sub image. I use this format.
+ (Strictly saying, transfer order is reverse(Hxy->Hy->Hx->L)
+  for simplified procedure for any wavelet level.)
+
+   +------+------+
+   |      L      |
+   +------+------+
+   |      Hx     |
+   +------+------+
+   |      Hy     |
+   +------+------+
+   |      Hxy    |
+   +------+------+
+*/
+#define ZYWRLE_INC_PTR(data)                         \
+    do {                                             \
+        data++;                                      \
+        if( data - p >= (w + uw) ) {                 \
+            data += scanline-(w + uw);               \
+            p = data;                                \
+        }                                            \
+    } while (0)
+
+#define ZYWRLE_TRANSFER_COEFF(buf, data, t, w, h, scanline, level, TRANS) \
+    do {                                                                \
+        ph = buf;                                                       \
+        s = 2 << level;                                                 \
+        if (t & 0x01) {                                                 \
+            ph += s >> 1;                                               \
+        }                                                               \
+        if (t & 0x02) {                                                 \
+            ph += (s >> 1) * w;                                         \
+        }                                                               \
+        end = ph + h * w;                                               \
+        while (ph < end) {                                              \
+            line = ph + w;                                              \
+            while (ph < line) {                                         \
+                TRANS                                                   \
+                    ZYWRLE_INC_PTR(data);                               \
+                ph += s;                                                \
+            }                                                           \
+            ph += (s - 1) * w;                                          \
+        }                                                               \
+    } while (0)
+
+#define ZYWRLE_PACK_COEFF(buf, data, t, width, height, scanline, level)	\
+    ZYWRLE_TRANSFER_COEFF(buf, data, t, width, height, scanline, level, \
+                          ZYWRLE_LOAD_COEFF(ph, r, g, b);               \
+                          ZYWRLE_SAVE_PIXEL(data, r, g, b);)
+
+#define ZYWRLE_UNPACK_COEFF(buf, data, t, width, height, scanline, level) \
+    ZYWRLE_TRANSFER_COEFF(buf, data, t, width, height, scanline, level, \
+                          ZYWRLE_LOAD_PIXEL(data, r, g, b);             \
+                          ZYWRLE_SAVE_COEFF(ph, r, g, b);)
+
+#define ZYWRLE_SAVE_UNALIGN(data, TRANS)                     \
+    do {                                                     \
+        top = buf + w * h;                                   \
+        end = buf + (w + uw) * (h + uh);                     \
+        while (top < end) {                                  \
+            TRANS                                            \
+                ZYWRLE_INC_PTR(data);                        \
+                top++;                                       \
+        }                                                    \
+    } while (0)
+
+#define ZYWRLE_LOAD_UNALIGN(data,TRANS)                                 \
+    do {                                                                \
+        top = buf + w * h;                                              \
+        if (uw) {                                                       \
+            p = data + w;                                               \
+            end = (int*)(p + h * scanline);                             \
+            while (p < (ZRLE_PIXEL*)end) {                              \
+                line = (int*)(p + uw);                                  \
+                while (p < (ZRLE_PIXEL*)line) {                         \
+                    TRANS                                               \
+                        p++;                                            \
+                    top++;                                              \
+                }                                                       \
+                p += scanline - uw;                                     \
+            }                                                           \
+        }                                                               \
+        if (uh) {                                                       \
+            p = data + h * scanline;                                    \
+            end = (int*)(p + uh * scanline);                            \
+            while (p < (ZRLE_PIXEL*)end) {                              \
+                line = (int*)(p + w);                                   \
+                while (p < (ZRLE_PIXEL*)line) {                         \
+                    TRANS                                               \
+                        p++;                                            \
+                    top++;                                              \
+                }                                                       \
+                p += scanline - w;                                      \
+            }                                                           \
+        }                                                               \
+        if (uw && uh) {                                                 \
+            p= data + w + h * scanline;                                 \
+            end = (int*)(p + uh * scanline);                            \
+            while (p < (ZRLE_PIXEL*)end) {                              \
+                line = (int*)(p + uw);                                  \
+                while (p < (ZRLE_PIXEL*)line) {                         \
+                    TRANS                                               \
+                        p++;                                            \
+                    top++;                                              \
+                }                                                       \
+                p += scanline-uw;                                       \
+            }                                                           \
+        }                                                               \
+    } while (0)
+
+static inline void zywrle_calc_size(int *w, int *h, int level)
+{
+    *w &= ~((1 << level) - 1);
+    *h &= ~((1 << level) - 1);
+}
+
+#endif