Merge remote-tracking branch 'remotes/kevin/tags/for-upstream' into staging

Block layer patches

# gpg: Signature made Fri 18 Dec 2015 13:41:03 GMT using RSA key ID C88F2FD6
# gpg: Good signature from "Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>"

* remotes/kevin/tags/for-upstream: (48 commits)
  block/qapi: allow best-effort query
  qemu-img: abort when full_backing_filename not present
  block/qapi: explicitly warn if !has_full_backing_filename
  block/qapi: always report full_backing_filename
  block/qapi: do not redundantly print "actual path"
  qemu-iotests: s390x: fix test 068
  qemu-iotests: s390x: fix test 051
  qemu-iotests: refine common.config
  block: fix bdrv_ioctl called from coroutine
  block: use drained section around bdrv_snapshot_delete
  iotests: Update comments for bdrv_swap() in 094
  block: Remove prototype of bdrv_swap from header
  raw-posix: Make aio=native option binding
  qcow2: insert assert into qcow2_get_specific_info()
  iotests: Extend test 112 for qemu-img amend
  qcow2: Point to amend function in check
  qcow2: Invoke refcount order amendment function
  qcow2: Add function for refcount order amendment
  qcow2: Use intermediate helper CB for amend
  qcow2: Split upgrade/downgrade paths for amend
  ...

Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>

19 files changed, 2180 insertions, 222 deletions

diff --git a/tests/hd-geo-test.c b/tests/hd-geo-test.c
index 00afc209e6..13b763d6a7 100644
--- a/tests/hd-geo-test.c
+++ b/tests/hd-geo-test.c
@@ -206,13 +206,13 @@ static int setup_ide(int argc, char *argv[], int argv_sz,
 {
     char *s1, *s2, *s3;
 
-    s1 = g_strdup_printf("-drive id=drive%d,if=%s,format=raw",
+    s1 = g_strdup_printf("-drive id=drive%d,if=%s",
                          ide_idx, dev ? "none" : "ide");
     s2 = dev ? g_strdup("") : g_strdup_printf(",index=%d", ide_idx);
 
     if (img_secs[img_idx] >= 0) {
         setup_mbr(img_idx, mbr);
-        s3 = g_strdup_printf(",file=%s", img_file_name[img_idx]);
+        s3 = g_strdup_printf(",format=raw,file=%s", img_file_name[img_idx]);
     } else {
         s3 = g_strdup(",media=cdrom");
     }
diff --git a/tests/qemu-iotests/043.out b/tests/qemu-iotests/043.out
index 33f8cc37d3..b37d2a3807 100644
--- a/tests/qemu-iotests/043.out
+++ b/tests/qemu-iotests/043.out
@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ cluster_size: 65536
         "filename": "TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT",
         "cluster-size": 65536,
         "format": "IMGFMT",
+        "full-backing-filename": "TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT.2.base",
         "backing-filename": "TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT.2.base",
         "dirty-flag": false
     },
@@ -52,6 +53,7 @@ cluster_size: 65536
         "filename": "TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT.2.base",
         "cluster-size": 65536,
         "format": "IMGFMT",
+        "full-backing-filename": "TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT.1.base",
         "backing-filename": "TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT.1.base",
         "dirty-flag": false
     },
diff --git a/tests/qemu-iotests/051 b/tests/qemu-iotests/051
index 17dbf04af4..75713c255d 100755
--- a/tests/qemu-iotests/051
+++ b/tests/qemu-iotests/051
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ function do_run_qemu()
 
 function run_qemu()
 {
-    do_run_qemu "$@" 2>&1 | _filter_testdir | _filter_qemu
+    do_run_qemu "$@" 2>&1 | _filter_testdir | _filter_qemu | _filter_generated_node_ids
 }
 
 size=128M
@@ -148,33 +148,49 @@ run_qemu -drive if=ide
 run_qemu -drive if=virtio
 run_qemu -drive if=scsi
 
-run_qemu -drive if=none,id=disk -device ide-cd,drive=disk
-run_qemu -drive if=none,id=disk -device lsi53c895a -device scsi-cd,drive=disk
-
-run_qemu -drive if=none,id=disk -device ide-drive,drive=disk
-run_qemu -drive if=none,id=disk -device ide-hd,drive=disk
-run_qemu -drive if=none,id=disk -device lsi53c895a -device scsi-disk,drive=disk
-run_qemu -drive if=none,id=disk -device lsi53c895a -device scsi-hd,drive=disk
+case "$QEMU_DEFAULT_MACHINE" in
+    pc)
+        run_qemu -drive if=none,id=disk -device ide-cd,drive=disk
+        run_qemu -drive if=none,id=disk -device lsi53c895a -device scsi-cd,drive=disk
+        run_qemu -drive if=none,id=disk -device ide-drive,drive=disk
+        run_qemu -drive if=none,id=disk -device ide-hd,drive=disk
+        run_qemu -drive if=none,id=disk -device lsi53c895a -device scsi-disk,drive=disk
+        run_qemu -drive if=none,id=disk -device lsi53c895a -device scsi-hd,drive=disk
+        ;;
+     *)
+        ;;
+esac
 
 echo
 echo === Read-only ===
 echo
 
-run_qemu -drive file="$TEST_IMG",if=floppy,readonly=on
-run_qemu -drive file="$TEST_IMG",if=ide,media=cdrom,readonly=on
-run_qemu -drive file="$TEST_IMG",if=scsi,media=cdrom,readonly=on
+case "$QEMU_DEFAULT_MACHINE" in
+    pc)
+        run_qemu -drive file="$TEST_IMG",if=floppy,readonly=on
+        run_qemu -drive file="$TEST_IMG",if=ide,media=cdrom,readonly=on
+        run_qemu -drive file="$TEST_IMG",if=scsi,media=cdrom,readonly=on
+        run_qemu -drive file="$TEST_IMG",if=ide,readonly=on
+        ;;
+     *)
+        ;;
+esac
 
-run_qemu -drive file="$TEST_IMG",if=ide,readonly=on
 run_qemu -drive file="$TEST_IMG",if=virtio,readonly=on
 run_qemu -drive file="$TEST_IMG",if=scsi,readonly=on
 
-run_qemu -drive file="$TEST_IMG",if=none,id=disk,readonly=on -device ide-cd,drive=disk
-run_qemu -drive file="$TEST_IMG",if=none,id=disk,readonly=on -device lsi53c895a -device scsi-cd,drive=disk
-
-run_qemu -drive file="$TEST_IMG",if=none,id=disk,readonly=on -device ide-drive,drive=disk
-run_qemu -drive file="$TEST_IMG",if=none,id=disk,readonly=on -device ide-hd,drive=disk
-run_qemu -drive file="$TEST_IMG",if=none,id=disk,readonly=on -device lsi53c895a -device scsi-disk,drive=disk
-run_qemu -drive file="$TEST_IMG",if=none,id=disk,readonly=on -device lsi53c895a -device scsi-hd,drive=disk
+case "$QEMU_DEFAULT_MACHINE" in
+    pc)
+        run_qemu -drive file="$TEST_IMG",if=none,id=disk,readonly=on -device ide-cd,drive=disk
+        run_qemu -drive file="$TEST_IMG",if=none,id=disk,readonly=on -device lsi53c895a -device scsi-cd,drive=disk
+        run_qemu -drive file="$TEST_IMG",if=none,id=disk,readonly=on -device ide-drive,drive=disk
+        run_qemu -drive file="$TEST_IMG",if=none,id=disk,readonly=on -device ide-hd,drive=disk
+        run_qemu -drive file="$TEST_IMG",if=none,id=disk,readonly=on -device lsi53c895a -device scsi-disk,drive=disk
+        run_qemu -drive file="$TEST_IMG",if=none,id=disk,readonly=on -device lsi53c895a -device scsi-hd,drive=disk
+        ;;
+     *)
+        ;;
+esac
 
 echo
 echo === Cache modes ===
@@ -183,12 +199,20 @@ echo
 # Cannot use the test image because cache=none might not work on the host FS
 # Use cdrom so that we won't get errors about missing media
 
-run_qemu -drive media=cdrom,cache=none
-run_qemu -drive media=cdrom,cache=directsync
-run_qemu -drive media=cdrom,cache=writeback
-run_qemu -drive media=cdrom,cache=writethrough
-run_qemu -drive media=cdrom,cache=unsafe
-run_qemu -drive media=cdrom,cache=invalid_value
+run_qemu -drive driver=null-co,cache=none
+run_qemu -drive driver=null-co,cache=directsync
+run_qemu -drive driver=null-co,cache=writeback
+run_qemu -drive driver=null-co,cache=writethrough
+run_qemu -drive driver=null-co,cache=unsafe
+run_qemu -drive driver=null-co,cache=invalid_value
+
+# Can't test direct=on here because O_DIRECT might not be supported on this FS
+# Test 142 checks the direct=on cases
+
+for cache in writeback writethrough unsafe invalid_value; do
+    echo -e "info block\ninfo block file\ninfo block backing\ninfo block backing-file" | \
+    run_qemu -drive file="$TEST_IMG",cache=$cache,backing.file.filename="$TEST_IMG.base",backing.cache.no-flush=on,backing.cache.writeback=on,backing.node-name=backing,backing.file.node-name=backing-file,file.node-name=file -nodefaults
+done
 
 echo
 echo === Specifying the protocol layer ===
@@ -253,26 +277,31 @@ echo
 
 $QEMU_IO -c "write -P 0x11 0 4k" "$TEST_IMG" | _filter_qemu_io
 
-echo 'qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0 4k"' | run_qemu -drive file="$TEST_IMG" -snapshot | _filter_qemu_io
-echo 'qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0 4k"' | run_qemu -drive file="$TEST_IMG",snapshot=on | _filter_qemu_io
-echo 'qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0 4k"' | run_qemu -drive file.filename="$TEST_IMG",driver=qcow2,snapshot=on | _filter_qemu_io
-echo 'qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0 4k"' | run_qemu -drive file.filename="$TEST_IMG",driver=qcow2 -snapshot | _filter_qemu_io
-echo 'qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0 4k"' | run_qemu -drive file="file:$TEST_IMG" -snapshot | _filter_qemu_io
-echo 'qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0 4k"' | run_qemu -drive file="file:$TEST_IMG",snapshot=on | _filter_qemu_io
+device_id="drive0"
+
+echo "qemu-io $device_id \"write -P 0x22 0 4k\"" | run_qemu -drive file="$TEST_IMG",if=none,id=$device_id -snapshot | _filter_qemu_io
+echo "qemu-io $device_id \"write -P 0x22 0 4k\"" | run_qemu -drive file="$TEST_IMG",snapshot=on,if=none,id=$device_id | _filter_qemu_io
+echo "qemu-io $device_id \"write -P 0x22 0 4k\"" | run_qemu -drive file.filename="$TEST_IMG",driver=qcow2,snapshot=on,if=none,id=$device_id\
+                                                 | _filter_qemu_io
+echo "qemu-io $device_id \"write -P 0x22 0 4k\"" | run_qemu -drive file.filename="$TEST_IMG",driver=qcow2,if=none,id=$device_id -snapshot\
+                                                 | _filter_qemu_io
+echo "qemu-io $device_id \"write -P 0x22 0 4k\"" | run_qemu -drive file="file:$TEST_IMG",if=none,id=$device_id -snapshot | _filter_qemu_io
+echo "qemu-io $device_id \"write -P 0x22 0 4k\"" | run_qemu -drive file="file:$TEST_IMG",snapshot=on,if=none,id=$device_id | _filter_qemu_io
 
 # Opening a read-only file r/w with snapshot=on
 chmod u-w "$TEST_IMG"
-echo 'qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0 4k"' | run_qemu -drive file="$TEST_IMG" -snapshot | _filter_qemu_io
-echo 'qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0 4k"' | run_qemu -drive file="$TEST_IMG",snapshot=on | _filter_qemu_io
+echo "qemu-io $device_id \"write -P 0x22 0 4k\"" | run_qemu -drive file="$TEST_IMG",if=none,id=$device_id -snapshot | _filter_qemu_io
+echo "qemu-io $device_id \"write -P 0x22 0 4k\"" | run_qemu -drive file="$TEST_IMG",snapshot=on,if=none,id=$device_id | _filter_qemu_io
 chmod u+w "$TEST_IMG"
 
 $QEMU_IO -c "read -P 0x11 0 4k" "$TEST_IMG" | _filter_qemu_io
 
-echo 'qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0 4k"' | run_qemu -drive file="$TEST_IMG",snapshot=off | _filter_qemu_io
+echo "qemu-io $device_id \"write -P 0x22 0 4k\"" | run_qemu -drive file="$TEST_IMG",snapshot=off,if=none,id=$device_id | _filter_qemu_io
 
 $QEMU_IO -c "read -P 0x22 0 4k" "$TEST_IMG" | _filter_qemu_io
 
-echo -e 'qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x33 0 4k"\ncommit ide0-hd0' | run_qemu -drive file="$TEST_IMG",snapshot=on | _filter_qemu_io
+echo -e "qemu-io $device_id \"write -P 0x33 0 4k\"\ncommit $device_id" | run_qemu -drive file="$TEST_IMG",snapshot=on,if=none,id=$device_id\
+                                                                       | _filter_qemu_io
 
 $QEMU_IO -c "read -P 0x33 0 4k" "$TEST_IMG" | _filter_qemu_io
 
diff --git a/tests/qemu-iotests/051.out b/tests/qemu-iotests/051.out
index 7765aa0bb2..143e3ea950 100644
--- a/tests/qemu-iotests/051.out
+++ b/tests/qemu-iotests/051.out
@@ -5,16 +5,16 @@ Formatting 'TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT', fmt=IMGFMT size=134217728 backing_file=TEST_DIR/
 === Unknown option ===
 
 Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,unknown_opt=
-QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,unknown_opt=: Block format 'qcow2' used by device 'ide0-hd0' doesn't support the option 'unknown_opt'
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,unknown_opt=: Block format 'qcow2' used by device 'virtio0' doesn't support the option 'unknown_opt'
 
 Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,unknown_opt=on
-QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,unknown_opt=on: Block format 'qcow2' used by device 'ide0-hd0' doesn't support the option 'unknown_opt'
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,unknown_opt=on: Block format 'qcow2' used by device 'virtio0' doesn't support the option 'unknown_opt'
 
 Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,unknown_opt=1234
-QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,unknown_opt=1234: Block format 'qcow2' used by device 'ide0-hd0' doesn't support the option 'unknown_opt'
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,unknown_opt=1234: Block format 'qcow2' used by device 'virtio0' doesn't support the option 'unknown_opt'
 
 Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,unknown_opt=foo
-QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,unknown_opt=foo: Block format 'qcow2' used by device 'ide0-hd0' doesn't support the option 'unknown_opt'
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,unknown_opt=foo: Block format 'qcow2' used by device 'virtio0' doesn't support the option 'unknown_opt'
 
 
 === Unknown protocol option ===
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
 Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,driver=qcow2,backing.file.filename=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.orig -nodefaults
 QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
 (qemu) iininfinfoinfo info binfo blinfo bloinfo blocinfo block
-ide0-hd0 (NODE_NAME): TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 (qcow2)
+virtio0 (NODE_NAME): TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 (qcow2)
     Cache mode:       writeback
     Backing file:     TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.orig (chain depth: 1)
 (qemu) qququiquit
@@ -109,20 +109,23 @@ QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
 
 Testing: -drive if=floppy
 QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
-(qemu) qququiquit
+(qemu) Warning: Orphaned drive without device: id=floppy0,file=,if=floppy,bus=0,unit=0
+qququiquit
 
 Testing: -drive if=ide,media=cdrom
 QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
-(qemu) qququiquit
+(qemu) Warning: Orphaned drive without device: id=ide0-cd0,file=,if=ide,bus=0,unit=0
+qququiquit
 
 Testing: -drive if=scsi,media=cdrom
 QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
-(qemu) qququiquit
+(qemu) Warning: Orphaned drive without device: id=scsi0-cd0,file=,if=scsi,bus=0,unit=0
+qququiquit
 
 Testing: -drive if=ide
 QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
-(qemu) QEMU_PROG: Device needs media, but drive is empty
-QEMU_PROG: Initialization of device ide-hd failed: Device initialization failed.
+(qemu) Warning: Orphaned drive without device: id=ide0-hd0,file=,if=ide,bus=0,unit=0
+qququiquit
 
 Testing: -drive if=virtio
 QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
@@ -130,113 +133,106 @@ QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
 
 Testing: -drive if=scsi
 QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
-(qemu) QEMU_PROG: Initialization of device lsi53c895a failed: Device needs media, but drive is empty
+(qemu) Warning: Orphaned drive without device: id=scsi0-hd0,file=,if=scsi,bus=0,unit=0
+qququiquit
 
-Testing: -drive if=none,id=disk -device ide-cd,drive=disk
-QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
-(qemu) qququiquit
 
-Testing: -drive if=none,id=disk -device lsi53c895a -device scsi-cd,drive=disk
-QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
-(qemu) qququiquit
-
-Testing: -drive if=none,id=disk -device ide-drive,drive=disk
-QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
-(qemu) QEMU_PROG: -device ide-drive,drive=disk: Device needs media, but drive is empty
-QEMU_PROG: -device ide-drive,drive=disk: Device initialization failed.
-
-Testing: -drive if=none,id=disk -device ide-hd,drive=disk
-QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
-(qemu) QEMU_PROG: -device ide-hd,drive=disk: Device needs media, but drive is empty
-QEMU_PROG: -device ide-hd,drive=disk: Device initialization failed.
+=== Read-only ===
 
-Testing: -drive if=none,id=disk -device lsi53c895a -device scsi-disk,drive=disk
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,if=virtio,readonly=on
 QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
-(qemu) QEMU_PROG: -device scsi-disk,drive=disk: Device needs media, but drive is empty
+(qemu) qququiquit
 
-Testing: -drive if=none,id=disk -device lsi53c895a -device scsi-hd,drive=disk
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,if=scsi,readonly=on
 QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
-(qemu) QEMU_PROG: -device scsi-hd,drive=disk: Device needs media, but drive is empty
+(qemu) Warning: Orphaned drive without device: id=scsi0-hd0,file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,if=scsi,bus=0,unit=0
+qququiquit
 
 
-=== Read-only ===
+=== Cache modes ===
 
-Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,if=floppy,readonly=on
+Testing: -drive driver=null-co,cache=none
 QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
 (qemu) qququiquit
 
-Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,if=ide,media=cdrom,readonly=on
+Testing: -drive driver=null-co,cache=directsync
 QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
 (qemu) qququiquit
 
-Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,if=scsi,media=cdrom,readonly=on
+Testing: -drive driver=null-co,cache=writeback
 QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
 (qemu) qququiquit
 
-Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,if=ide,readonly=on
-QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
-(qemu) QEMU_PROG: Can't use a read-only drive
-QEMU_PROG: Initialization of device ide-hd failed: Device initialization failed.
-
-Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,if=virtio,readonly=on
+Testing: -drive driver=null-co,cache=writethrough
 QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
 (qemu) qququiquit
 
-Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,if=scsi,readonly=on
+Testing: -drive driver=null-co,cache=unsafe
 QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
 (qemu) qququiquit
 
-Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,if=none,id=disk,readonly=on -device ide-cd,drive=disk
-QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
-(qemu) qququiquit
+Testing: -drive driver=null-co,cache=invalid_value
+QEMU_PROG: -drive driver=null-co,cache=invalid_value: invalid cache option
 
-Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,if=none,id=disk,readonly=on -device lsi53c895a -device scsi-cd,drive=disk
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,cache=writeback,backing.file.filename=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base,backing.cache.no-flush=on,backing.cache.writeback=on,backing.node-name=backing,backing.file.node-name=backing-file,file.node-name=file -nodefaults
 QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
-(qemu) qququiquit
-
-Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,if=none,id=disk,readonly=on -device ide-drive,drive=disk
-QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
-(qemu) QEMU_PROG: -device ide-drive,drive=disk: Can't use a read-only drive
-QEMU_PROG: -device ide-drive,drive=disk: Device initialization failed.
+(qemu) iininfinfoinfo info binfo blinfo bloinfo blocinfo block
+ide0-hd0 (NODE_NAME): TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 (qcow2)
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Backing file:     TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base (chain depth: 1)
+(qemu) iininfinfoinfo info binfo blinfo bloinfo blocinfo blockinfo block info block finfo block fiinfo block filinfo block file
 
-Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,if=none,id=disk,readonly=on -device ide-hd,drive=disk
-QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
-(qemu) QEMU_PROG: -device ide-hd,drive=disk: Can't use a read-only drive
-QEMU_PROG: -device ide-hd,drive=disk: Device initialization failed.
+file: TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 (file)
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+(qemu) iininfinfoinfo info binfo blinfo bloinfo blocinfo blockinfo block info block binfo block bainfo block bacinfo block backinfo block backiinfo block backininfo block backing
+backing: TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base (qcow2, read-only)
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+(qemu) iininfinfoinfo info binfo blinfo bloinfo blocinfo blockinfo block info block binfo block bainfo block bacinfo block backinfo block backiinfo block backininfo block backinginfo block backing-info block backing-finfo block backing-fiinfo block backing-filinfo block backing-file
 
-Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,if=none,id=disk,readonly=on -device lsi53c895a -device scsi-disk,drive=disk
-QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+backing-file: TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base (file, read-only)
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
 (qemu) qququiquit
 
-Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,if=none,id=disk,readonly=on -device lsi53c895a -device scsi-hd,drive=disk
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,cache=writethrough,backing.file.filename=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base,backing.cache.no-flush=on,backing.cache.writeback=on,backing.node-name=backing,backing.file.node-name=backing-file,file.node-name=file -nodefaults
 QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
-(qemu) qququiquit
-
-
-=== Cache modes ===
+(qemu) iininfinfoinfo info binfo blinfo bloinfo blocinfo block
+ide0-hd0 (NODE_NAME): TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 (qcow2)
+    Cache mode:       writethrough
+    Backing file:     TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base (chain depth: 1)
+(qemu) iininfinfoinfo info binfo blinfo bloinfo blocinfo blockinfo block info block finfo block fiinfo block filinfo block file
 
-Testing: -drive media=cdrom,cache=none
-QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
-(qemu) qququiquit
+file: TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 (file)
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+(qemu) iininfinfoinfo info binfo blinfo bloinfo blocinfo blockinfo block info block binfo block bainfo block bacinfo block backinfo block backiinfo block backininfo block backing
+backing: TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base (qcow2, read-only)
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+(qemu) iininfinfoinfo info binfo blinfo bloinfo blocinfo blockinfo block info block binfo block bainfo block bacinfo block backinfo block backiinfo block backininfo block backinginfo block backing-info block backing-finfo block backing-fiinfo block backing-filinfo block backing-file
 
-Testing: -drive media=cdrom,cache=directsync
-QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+backing-file: TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base (file, read-only)
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
 (qemu) qququiquit
 
-Testing: -drive media=cdrom,cache=writeback
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,cache=unsafe,backing.file.filename=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base,backing.cache.no-flush=on,backing.cache.writeback=on,backing.node-name=backing,backing.file.node-name=backing-file,file.node-name=file -nodefaults
 QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
-(qemu) qququiquit
+(qemu) iininfinfoinfo info binfo blinfo bloinfo blocinfo block
+ide0-hd0 (NODE_NAME): TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 (qcow2)
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+    Backing file:     TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base (chain depth: 1)
+(qemu) iininfinfoinfo info binfo blinfo bloinfo blocinfo blockinfo block info block finfo block fiinfo block filinfo block file
 
-Testing: -drive media=cdrom,cache=writethrough
-QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
-(qemu) qququiquit
+file: TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 (file)
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+(qemu) iininfinfoinfo info binfo blinfo bloinfo blocinfo blockinfo block info block binfo block bainfo block bacinfo block backinfo block backiinfo block backininfo block backing
+backing: TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base (qcow2, read-only)
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+(qemu) iininfinfoinfo info binfo blinfo bloinfo blocinfo blockinfo block info block binfo block bainfo block bacinfo block backinfo block backiinfo block backininfo block backinginfo block backing-info block backing-finfo block backing-fiinfo block backing-filinfo block backing-file
 
-Testing: -drive media=cdrom,cache=unsafe
-QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+backing-file: TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base (file, read-only)
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
 (qemu) qququiquit
 
-Testing: -drive media=cdrom,cache=invalid_value
-QEMU_PROG: -drive media=cdrom,cache=invalid_value: invalid cache option
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,cache=invalid_value,backing.file.filename=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base,backing.cache.no-flush=on,backing.cache.writeback=on,backing.node-name=backing,backing.file.node-name=backing-file,file.node-name=file -nodefaults
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,cache=invalid_value,backing.file.filename=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base,backing.cache.no-flush=on,backing.cache.writeback=on,backing.node-name=backing,backing.file.node-name=backing-file,file.node-name=file: invalid cache option
 
 
 === Specifying the protocol layer ===
@@ -342,79 +338,79 @@ QEMU_PROG: -drive file.filename=file:TEST_DIR/t.qcow2: Could not open 'file:TEST
 
 wrote 4096/4096 bytes at offset 0
 4 KiB, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
-Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 -snapshot
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,if=none,id=drive0 -snapshot
 QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
-(qemu) qqeqemqemuqemu-qemu-iqemu-ioqemu-io qemu-io iqemu-io idqemu-io ideqemu-io ide0qemu-io ide0-qemu-io ide0-hqemu-io ide0-hdqemu-io ide0-hd0qemu-io ide0-hd0 qemu-io ide0-hd0 "qemu-io ide0-hd0 "wqemu-io ide0-hd0 "wrqemu-io ide0-hd0 "wriqemu-io ide0-hd0 "writqemu-io ide0-hd0 "writeqemu-io ide0-hd0 "write qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -Pqemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0xqemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x2qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0 qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0 4qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0 4kqemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0 4k"
+(qemu) qqeqemqemuqemu-qemu-iqemu-ioqemu-io qemu-io dqemu-io drqemu-io driqemu-io drivqemu-io driveqemu-io drive0qemu-io drive0 qemu-io drive0 "qemu-io drive0 "wqemu-io drive0 "wrqemu-io drive0 "wriqemu-io drive0 "writqemu-io drive0 "writeqemu-io drive0 "write qemu-io drive0 "write -qemu-io drive0 "write -Pqemu-io drive0 "write -P qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0xqemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x2qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4kqemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4k"
 wrote 4096/4096 bytes at offset 0
 4 KiB, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
 (qemu) qququiquit
 
-Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,snapshot=on
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,snapshot=on,if=none,id=drive0
 QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
-(qemu) qqeqemqemuqemu-qemu-iqemu-ioqemu-io qemu-io iqemu-io idqemu-io ideqemu-io ide0qemu-io ide0-qemu-io ide0-hqemu-io ide0-hdqemu-io ide0-hd0qemu-io ide0-hd0 qemu-io ide0-hd0 "qemu-io ide0-hd0 "wqemu-io ide0-hd0 "wrqemu-io ide0-hd0 "wriqemu-io ide0-hd0 "writqemu-io ide0-hd0 "writeqemu-io ide0-hd0 "write qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -Pqemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0xqemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x2qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0 qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0 4qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0 4kqemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0 4k"
+(qemu) qqeqemqemuqemu-qemu-iqemu-ioqemu-io qemu-io dqemu-io drqemu-io driqemu-io drivqemu-io driveqemu-io drive0qemu-io drive0 qemu-io drive0 "qemu-io drive0 "wqemu-io drive0 "wrqemu-io drive0 "wriqemu-io drive0 "writqemu-io drive0 "writeqemu-io drive0 "write qemu-io drive0 "write -qemu-io drive0 "write -Pqemu-io drive0 "write -P qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0xqemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x2qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4kqemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4k"
 wrote 4096/4096 bytes at offset 0
 4 KiB, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
 (qemu) qququiquit
 
-Testing: -drive file.filename=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,driver=qcow2,snapshot=on
+Testing: -drive file.filename=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,driver=qcow2,snapshot=on,if=none,id=drive0
 QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
-(qemu) qqeqemqemuqemu-qemu-iqemu-ioqemu-io qemu-io iqemu-io idqemu-io ideqemu-io ide0qemu-io ide0-qemu-io ide0-hqemu-io ide0-hdqemu-io ide0-hd0qemu-io ide0-hd0 qemu-io ide0-hd0 "qemu-io ide0-hd0 "wqemu-io ide0-hd0 "wrqemu-io ide0-hd0 "wriqemu-io ide0-hd0 "writqemu-io ide0-hd0 "writeqemu-io ide0-hd0 "write qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -Pqemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0xqemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x2qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0 qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0 4qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0 4kqemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0 4k"
+(qemu) qqeqemqemuqemu-qemu-iqemu-ioqemu-io qemu-io dqemu-io drqemu-io driqemu-io drivqemu-io driveqemu-io drive0qemu-io drive0 qemu-io drive0 "qemu-io drive0 "wqemu-io drive0 "wrqemu-io drive0 "wriqemu-io drive0 "writqemu-io drive0 "writeqemu-io drive0 "write qemu-io drive0 "write -qemu-io drive0 "write -Pqemu-io drive0 "write -P qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0xqemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x2qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4kqemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4k"
 wrote 4096/4096 bytes at offset 0
 4 KiB, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
 (qemu) qququiquit
 
-Testing: -drive file.filename=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,driver=qcow2 -snapshot
+Testing: -drive file.filename=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,driver=qcow2,if=none,id=drive0 -snapshot
 QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
-(qemu) qqeqemqemuqemu-qemu-iqemu-ioqemu-io qemu-io iqemu-io idqemu-io ideqemu-io ide0qemu-io ide0-qemu-io ide0-hqemu-io ide0-hdqemu-io ide0-hd0qemu-io ide0-hd0 qemu-io ide0-hd0 "qemu-io ide0-hd0 "wqemu-io ide0-hd0 "wrqemu-io ide0-hd0 "wriqemu-io ide0-hd0 "writqemu-io ide0-hd0 "writeqemu-io ide0-hd0 "write qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -Pqemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0xqemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x2qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0 qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0 4qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0 4kqemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0 4k"
+(qemu) qqeqemqemuqemu-qemu-iqemu-ioqemu-io qemu-io dqemu-io drqemu-io driqemu-io drivqemu-io driveqemu-io drive0qemu-io drive0 qemu-io drive0 "qemu-io drive0 "wqemu-io drive0 "wrqemu-io drive0 "wriqemu-io drive0 "writqemu-io drive0 "writeqemu-io drive0 "write qemu-io drive0 "write -qemu-io drive0 "write -Pqemu-io drive0 "write -P qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0xqemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x2qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4kqemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4k"
 wrote 4096/4096 bytes at offset 0
 4 KiB, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
 (qemu) qququiquit
 
-Testing: -drive file=file:TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 -snapshot
+Testing: -drive file=file:TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,if=none,id=drive0 -snapshot
 QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
-(qemu) qqeqemqemuqemu-qemu-iqemu-ioqemu-io qemu-io iqemu-io idqemu-io ideqemu-io ide0qemu-io ide0-qemu-io ide0-hqemu-io ide0-hdqemu-io ide0-hd0qemu-io ide0-hd0 qemu-io ide0-hd0 "qemu-io ide0-hd0 "wqemu-io ide0-hd0 "wrqemu-io ide0-hd0 "wriqemu-io ide0-hd0 "writqemu-io ide0-hd0 "writeqemu-io ide0-hd0 "write qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -Pqemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0xqemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x2qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0 qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0 4qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0 4kqemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0 4k"
+(qemu) qqeqemqemuqemu-qemu-iqemu-ioqemu-io qemu-io dqemu-io drqemu-io driqemu-io drivqemu-io driveqemu-io drive0qemu-io drive0 qemu-io drive0 "qemu-io drive0 "wqemu-io drive0 "wrqemu-io drive0 "wriqemu-io drive0 "writqemu-io drive0 "writeqemu-io drive0 "write qemu-io drive0 "write -qemu-io drive0 "write -Pqemu-io drive0 "write -P qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0xqemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x2qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4kqemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4k"
 wrote 4096/4096 bytes at offset 0
 4 KiB, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
 (qemu) qququiquit
 
-Testing: -drive file=file:TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,snapshot=on
+Testing: -drive file=file:TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,snapshot=on,if=none,id=drive0
 QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
-(qemu) qqeqemqemuqemu-qemu-iqemu-ioqemu-io qemu-io iqemu-io idqemu-io ideqemu-io ide0qemu-io ide0-qemu-io ide0-hqemu-io ide0-hdqemu-io ide0-hd0qemu-io ide0-hd0 qemu-io ide0-hd0 "qemu-io ide0-hd0 "wqemu-io ide0-hd0 "wrqemu-io ide0-hd0 "wriqemu-io ide0-hd0 "writqemu-io ide0-hd0 "writeqemu-io ide0-hd0 "write qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -Pqemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0xqemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x2qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0 qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0 4qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0 4kqemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0 4k"
+(qemu) qqeqemqemuqemu-qemu-iqemu-ioqemu-io qemu-io dqemu-io drqemu-io driqemu-io drivqemu-io driveqemu-io drive0qemu-io drive0 qemu-io drive0 "qemu-io drive0 "wqemu-io drive0 "wrqemu-io drive0 "wriqemu-io drive0 "writqemu-io drive0 "writeqemu-io drive0 "write qemu-io drive0 "write -qemu-io drive0 "write -Pqemu-io drive0 "write -P qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0xqemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x2qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4kqemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4k"
 wrote 4096/4096 bytes at offset 0
 4 KiB, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
 (qemu) qququiquit
 
-Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 -snapshot
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,if=none,id=drive0 -snapshot
 QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
-(qemu) qqeqemqemuqemu-qemu-iqemu-ioqemu-io qemu-io iqemu-io idqemu-io ideqemu-io ide0qemu-io ide0-qemu-io ide0-hqemu-io ide0-hdqemu-io ide0-hd0qemu-io ide0-hd0 qemu-io ide0-hd0 "qemu-io ide0-hd0 "wqemu-io ide0-hd0 "wrqemu-io ide0-hd0 "wriqemu-io ide0-hd0 "writqemu-io ide0-hd0 "writeqemu-io ide0-hd0 "write qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -Pqemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0xqemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x2qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0 qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0 4qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0 4kqemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0 4k"
+(qemu) qqeqemqemuqemu-qemu-iqemu-ioqemu-io qemu-io dqemu-io drqemu-io driqemu-io drivqemu-io driveqemu-io drive0qemu-io drive0 qemu-io drive0 "qemu-io drive0 "wqemu-io drive0 "wrqemu-io drive0 "wriqemu-io drive0 "writqemu-io drive0 "writeqemu-io drive0 "write qemu-io drive0 "write -qemu-io drive0 "write -Pqemu-io drive0 "write -P qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0xqemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x2qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4kqemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4k"
 wrote 4096/4096 bytes at offset 0
 4 KiB, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
 (qemu) qququiquit
 
-Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,snapshot=on
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,snapshot=on,if=none,id=drive0
 QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
-(qemu) qqeqemqemuqemu-qemu-iqemu-ioqemu-io qemu-io iqemu-io idqemu-io ideqemu-io ide0qemu-io ide0-qemu-io ide0-hqemu-io ide0-hdqemu-io ide0-hd0qemu-io ide0-hd0 qemu-io ide0-hd0 "qemu-io ide0-hd0 "wqemu-io ide0-hd0 "wrqemu-io ide0-hd0 "wriqemu-io ide0-hd0 "writqemu-io ide0-hd0 "writeqemu-io ide0-hd0 "write qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -Pqemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0xqemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x2qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0 qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0 4qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0 4kqemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0 4k"
+(qemu) qqeqemqemuqemu-qemu-iqemu-ioqemu-io qemu-io dqemu-io drqemu-io driqemu-io drivqemu-io driveqemu-io drive0qemu-io drive0 qemu-io drive0 "qemu-io drive0 "wqemu-io drive0 "wrqemu-io drive0 "wriqemu-io drive0 "writqemu-io drive0 "writeqemu-io drive0 "write qemu-io drive0 "write -qemu-io drive0 "write -Pqemu-io drive0 "write -P qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0xqemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x2qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4kqemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4k"
 wrote 4096/4096 bytes at offset 0
 4 KiB, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
 (qemu) qququiquit
 
 read 4096/4096 bytes at offset 0
 4 KiB, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
-Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,snapshot=off
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,snapshot=off,if=none,id=drive0
 QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
-(qemu) qqeqemqemuqemu-qemu-iqemu-ioqemu-io qemu-io iqemu-io idqemu-io ideqemu-io ide0qemu-io ide0-qemu-io ide0-hqemu-io ide0-hdqemu-io ide0-hd0qemu-io ide0-hd0 qemu-io ide0-hd0 "qemu-io ide0-hd0 "wqemu-io ide0-hd0 "wrqemu-io ide0-hd0 "wriqemu-io ide0-hd0 "writqemu-io ide0-hd0 "writeqemu-io ide0-hd0 "write qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -Pqemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0xqemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x2qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0 qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0 4qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0 4kqemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x22 0 4k"
+(qemu) qqeqemqemuqemu-qemu-iqemu-ioqemu-io qemu-io dqemu-io drqemu-io driqemu-io drivqemu-io driveqemu-io drive0qemu-io drive0 qemu-io drive0 "qemu-io drive0 "wqemu-io drive0 "wrqemu-io drive0 "wriqemu-io drive0 "writqemu-io drive0 "writeqemu-io drive0 "write qemu-io drive0 "write -qemu-io drive0 "write -Pqemu-io drive0 "write -P qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0xqemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x2qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4kqemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4k"
 wrote 4096/4096 bytes at offset 0
 4 KiB, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
 (qemu) qququiquit
 
 read 4096/4096 bytes at offset 0
 4 KiB, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
-Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,snapshot=on
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,snapshot=on,if=none,id=drive0
 QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
-(qemu) qqeqemqemuqemu-qemu-iqemu-ioqemu-io qemu-io iqemu-io idqemu-io ideqemu-io ide0qemu-io ide0-qemu-io ide0-hqemu-io ide0-hdqemu-io ide0-hd0qemu-io ide0-hd0 qemu-io ide0-hd0 "qemu-io ide0-hd0 "wqemu-io ide0-hd0 "wrqemu-io ide0-hd0 "wriqemu-io ide0-hd0 "writqemu-io ide0-hd0 "writeqemu-io ide0-hd0 "write qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -Pqemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0xqemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x3qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x33qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x33 qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x33 0qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x33 0 qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x33 0 4qemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x33 0 4kqemu-io ide0-hd0 "write -P 0x33 0 4k"
+(qemu) qqeqemqemuqemu-qemu-iqemu-ioqemu-io qemu-io dqemu-io drqemu-io driqemu-io drivqemu-io driveqemu-io drive0qemu-io drive0 qemu-io drive0 "qemu-io drive0 "wqemu-io drive0 "wrqemu-io drive0 "wriqemu-io drive0 "writqemu-io drive0 "writeqemu-io drive0 "write qemu-io drive0 "write -qemu-io drive0 "write -Pqemu-io drive0 "write -P qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0xqemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x3qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x33qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x33 qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x33 0qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x33 0 qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x33 0 4qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x33 0 4kqemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x33 0 4k"
 wrote 4096/4096 bytes at offset 0
 4 KiB, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
-(qemu) ccocomcommcommicommitcommit commit icommit idcommit idecommit ide0commit ide0-commit ide0-hcommit ide0-hdcommit ide0-hd0
+(qemu) ccocomcommcommicommitcommit commit dcommit drcommit dricommit drivcommit drivecommit drive0
 (qemu) qququiquit
 
 read 4096/4096 bytes at offset 0
diff --git a/tests/qemu-iotests/051.pc.out b/tests/qemu-iotests/051.pc.out
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..05c925ad49
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/qemu-iotests/051.pc.out
@@ -0,0 +1,482 @@
+QA output created by 051
+Formatting 'TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT', fmt=IMGFMT size=134217728
+Formatting 'TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT', fmt=IMGFMT size=134217728 backing_file=TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT.base
+
+=== Unknown option ===
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,unknown_opt=
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,unknown_opt=: Block format 'qcow2' used by device 'ide0-hd0' doesn't support the option 'unknown_opt'
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,unknown_opt=on
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,unknown_opt=on: Block format 'qcow2' used by device 'ide0-hd0' doesn't support the option 'unknown_opt'
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,unknown_opt=1234
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,unknown_opt=1234: Block format 'qcow2' used by device 'ide0-hd0' doesn't support the option 'unknown_opt'
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,unknown_opt=foo
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,unknown_opt=foo: Block format 'qcow2' used by device 'ide0-hd0' doesn't support the option 'unknown_opt'
+
+
+=== Unknown protocol option ===
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,file.unknown_opt=
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,file.unknown_opt=: Block protocol 'file' doesn't support the option 'unknown_opt'
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,file.unknown_opt=on
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,file.unknown_opt=on: Block protocol 'file' doesn't support the option 'unknown_opt'
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,file.unknown_opt=1234
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,file.unknown_opt=1234: Block protocol 'file' doesn't support the option 'unknown_opt'
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,file.unknown_opt=foo
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,file.unknown_opt=foo: Block protocol 'file' doesn't support the option 'unknown_opt'
+
+
+=== Invalid format ===
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=foo
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=foo: Unknown driver 'foo'
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,driver=foo
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,driver=foo: Unknown driver 'foo'
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,driver=raw,format=qcow2
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,driver=raw,format=qcow2: Cannot specify both 'driver' and 'format'
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,driver=qcow2,format=qcow2
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,driver=qcow2,format=qcow2: Cannot specify both 'driver' and 'format'
+
+
+=== Device without drive ===
+
+Testing: -device virtio-scsi-pci -device scsi-hd
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) QEMU_PROG: -device scsi-hd: drive property not set
+
+
+=== Overriding backing file ===
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,driver=qcow2,backing.file.filename=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.orig -nodefaults
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) iininfinfoinfo info binfo blinfo bloinfo blocinfo block
+ide0-hd0 (NODE_NAME): TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 (qcow2)
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Backing file:     TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.orig (chain depth: 1)
+(qemu) qququiquit
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,driver=raw,backing.file.filename=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.orig
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,driver=raw,backing.file.filename=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.orig: Driver doesn't support backing files
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,file.backing.driver=file,file.backing.filename=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.orig
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,file.backing.driver=file,file.backing.filename=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.orig: Driver doesn't support backing files
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,file.backing.driver=qcow2,file.backing.file.filename=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.orig
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,file.backing.driver=qcow2,file.backing.file.filename=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.orig: Driver doesn't support backing files
+
+
+=== Enable and disable lazy refcounting on the command line, plus some invalid values ===
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,lazy-refcounts=on
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) qququiquit
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,lazy-refcounts=off
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) qququiquit
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,lazy-refcounts=
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,lazy-refcounts=: Parameter 'lazy-refcounts' expects 'on' or 'off'
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,lazy-refcounts=42
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,lazy-refcounts=42: Parameter 'lazy-refcounts' expects 'on' or 'off'
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,lazy-refcounts=foo
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,lazy-refcounts=foo: Parameter 'lazy-refcounts' expects 'on' or 'off'
+
+
+=== With version 2 images enabling lazy refcounts must fail ===
+
+Formatting 'TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT', fmt=IMGFMT size=134217728
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,lazy-refcounts=on
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,lazy-refcounts=on: Lazy refcounts require a qcow2 image with at least qemu 1.1 compatibility level
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,lazy-refcounts=off
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) qququiquit
+
+
+=== No medium ===
+
+Testing: -drive if=floppy
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) qququiquit
+
+Testing: -drive if=ide,media=cdrom
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) qququiquit
+
+Testing: -drive if=scsi,media=cdrom
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) qququiquit
+
+Testing: -drive if=ide
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) QEMU_PROG: Device needs media, but drive is empty
+QEMU_PROG: Initialization of device ide-hd failed: Device initialization failed.
+
+Testing: -drive if=virtio
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) QEMU_PROG: -drive if=virtio: Device needs media, but drive is empty
+
+Testing: -drive if=scsi
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) QEMU_PROG: Initialization of device lsi53c895a failed: Device needs media, but drive is empty
+
+Testing: -drive if=none,id=disk -device ide-cd,drive=disk
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) qququiquit
+
+Testing: -drive if=none,id=disk -device lsi53c895a -device scsi-cd,drive=disk
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) qququiquit
+
+Testing: -drive if=none,id=disk -device ide-drive,drive=disk
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) QEMU_PROG: -device ide-drive,drive=disk: Device needs media, but drive is empty
+QEMU_PROG: -device ide-drive,drive=disk: Device initialization failed.
+
+Testing: -drive if=none,id=disk -device ide-hd,drive=disk
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) QEMU_PROG: -device ide-hd,drive=disk: Device needs media, but drive is empty
+QEMU_PROG: -device ide-hd,drive=disk: Device initialization failed.
+
+Testing: -drive if=none,id=disk -device lsi53c895a -device scsi-disk,drive=disk
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) QEMU_PROG: -device scsi-disk,drive=disk: Device needs media, but drive is empty
+
+Testing: -drive if=none,id=disk -device lsi53c895a -device scsi-hd,drive=disk
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) QEMU_PROG: -device scsi-hd,drive=disk: Device needs media, but drive is empty
+
+
+=== Read-only ===
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,if=floppy,readonly=on
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) qququiquit
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,if=ide,media=cdrom,readonly=on
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) qququiquit
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,if=scsi,media=cdrom,readonly=on
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) qququiquit
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,if=ide,readonly=on
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) QEMU_PROG: Can't use a read-only drive
+QEMU_PROG: Initialization of device ide-hd failed: Device initialization failed.
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,if=virtio,readonly=on
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) qququiquit
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,if=scsi,readonly=on
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) qququiquit
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,if=none,id=disk,readonly=on -device ide-cd,drive=disk
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) qququiquit
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,if=none,id=disk,readonly=on -device lsi53c895a -device scsi-cd,drive=disk
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) qququiquit
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,if=none,id=disk,readonly=on -device ide-drive,drive=disk
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) QEMU_PROG: -device ide-drive,drive=disk: Can't use a read-only drive
+QEMU_PROG: -device ide-drive,drive=disk: Device initialization failed.
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,if=none,id=disk,readonly=on -device ide-hd,drive=disk
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) QEMU_PROG: -device ide-hd,drive=disk: Can't use a read-only drive
+QEMU_PROG: -device ide-hd,drive=disk: Device initialization failed.
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,if=none,id=disk,readonly=on -device lsi53c895a -device scsi-disk,drive=disk
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) qququiquit
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,if=none,id=disk,readonly=on -device lsi53c895a -device scsi-hd,drive=disk
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) qququiquit
+
+
+=== Cache modes ===
+
+Testing: -drive driver=null-co,cache=none
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) qququiquit
+
+Testing: -drive driver=null-co,cache=directsync
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) qququiquit
+
+Testing: -drive driver=null-co,cache=writeback
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) qququiquit
+
+Testing: -drive driver=null-co,cache=writethrough
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) qququiquit
+
+Testing: -drive driver=null-co,cache=unsafe
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) qququiquit
+
+Testing: -drive driver=null-co,cache=invalid_value
+QEMU_PROG: -drive driver=null-co,cache=invalid_value: invalid cache option
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,cache=writeback,backing.file.filename=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base,backing.cache.no-flush=on,backing.cache.writeback=on,backing.node-name=backing,backing.file.node-name=backing-file,file.node-name=file -nodefaults
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) iininfinfoinfo info binfo blinfo bloinfo blocinfo block
+ide0-hd0 (NODE_NAME): TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 (qcow2)
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Backing file:     TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base (chain depth: 1)
+(qemu) iininfinfoinfo info binfo blinfo bloinfo blocinfo blockinfo block info block finfo block fiinfo block filinfo block file
+
+file: TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 (file)
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+(qemu) iininfinfoinfo info binfo blinfo bloinfo blocinfo blockinfo block info block binfo block bainfo block bacinfo block backinfo block backiinfo block backininfo block backing
+backing: TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base (qcow2, read-only)
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+(qemu) iininfinfoinfo info binfo blinfo bloinfo blocinfo blockinfo block info block binfo block bainfo block bacinfo block backinfo block backiinfo block backininfo block backinginfo block backing-info block backing-finfo block backing-fiinfo block backing-filinfo block backing-file
+
+backing-file: TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base (file, read-only)
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+(qemu) qququiquit
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,cache=writethrough,backing.file.filename=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base,backing.cache.no-flush=on,backing.cache.writeback=on,backing.node-name=backing,backing.file.node-name=backing-file,file.node-name=file -nodefaults
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) iininfinfoinfo info binfo blinfo bloinfo blocinfo block
+ide0-hd0 (NODE_NAME): TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 (qcow2)
+    Cache mode:       writethrough
+    Backing file:     TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base (chain depth: 1)
+(qemu) iininfinfoinfo info binfo blinfo bloinfo blocinfo blockinfo block info block finfo block fiinfo block filinfo block file
+
+file: TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 (file)
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+(qemu) iininfinfoinfo info binfo blinfo bloinfo blocinfo blockinfo block info block binfo block bainfo block bacinfo block backinfo block backiinfo block backininfo block backing
+backing: TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base (qcow2, read-only)
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+(qemu) iininfinfoinfo info binfo blinfo bloinfo blocinfo blockinfo block info block binfo block bainfo block bacinfo block backinfo block backiinfo block backininfo block backinginfo block backing-info block backing-finfo block backing-fiinfo block backing-filinfo block backing-file
+
+backing-file: TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base (file, read-only)
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+(qemu) qququiquit
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,cache=unsafe,backing.file.filename=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base,backing.cache.no-flush=on,backing.cache.writeback=on,backing.node-name=backing,backing.file.node-name=backing-file,file.node-name=file -nodefaults
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) iininfinfoinfo info binfo blinfo bloinfo blocinfo block
+ide0-hd0 (NODE_NAME): TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 (qcow2)
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+    Backing file:     TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base (chain depth: 1)
+(qemu) iininfinfoinfo info binfo blinfo bloinfo blocinfo blockinfo block info block finfo block fiinfo block filinfo block file
+
+file: TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 (file)
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+(qemu) iininfinfoinfo info binfo blinfo bloinfo blocinfo blockinfo block info block binfo block bainfo block bacinfo block backinfo block backiinfo block backininfo block backing
+backing: TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base (qcow2, read-only)
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+(qemu) iininfinfoinfo info binfo blinfo bloinfo blocinfo blockinfo block info block binfo block bainfo block bacinfo block backinfo block backiinfo block backininfo block backinginfo block backing-info block backing-finfo block backing-fiinfo block backing-filinfo block backing-file
+
+backing-file: TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base (file, read-only)
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+(qemu) qququiquit
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,cache=invalid_value,backing.file.filename=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base,backing.cache.no-flush=on,backing.cache.writeback=on,backing.node-name=backing,backing.file.node-name=backing-file,file.node-name=file -nodefaults
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,cache=invalid_value,backing.file.filename=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base,backing.cache.no-flush=on,backing.cache.writeback=on,backing.node-name=backing,backing.file.node-name=backing-file,file.node-name=file: invalid cache option
+
+
+=== Specifying the protocol layer ===
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,file.driver=file
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) qququiquit
+
+
+=== Leaving out required options ===
+
+Testing: -drive driver=file
+QEMU_PROG: -drive driver=file: The 'file' block driver requires a file name
+
+Testing: -drive driver=nbd
+QEMU_PROG: -drive driver=nbd: one of path and host must be specified.
+
+Testing: -drive driver=raw
+QEMU_PROG: -drive driver=raw: Can't use 'raw' as a block driver for the protocol level
+
+Testing: -drive file.driver=file
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file.driver=file: The 'file' block driver requires a file name
+
+Testing: -drive file.driver=nbd
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file.driver=nbd: one of path and host must be specified.
+
+Testing: -drive file.driver=raw
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file.driver=raw: Can't use 'raw' as a block driver for the protocol level
+
+Testing: -drive foo=bar
+QEMU_PROG: -drive foo=bar: Must specify either driver or file
+
+
+=== Specifying both an option and its legacy alias ===
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,iops=1234,throttling.iops-total=5678
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,iops=1234,throttling.iops-total=5678: 'throttling.iops-total' and its alias 'iops' can't be used at the same time
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,iops_rd=1234,throttling.iops-read=5678
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,iops_rd=1234,throttling.iops-read=5678: 'throttling.iops-read' and its alias 'iops_rd' can't be used at the same time
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,iops_wr=1234,throttling.iops-write=5678
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,iops_wr=1234,throttling.iops-write=5678: 'throttling.iops-write' and its alias 'iops_wr' can't be used at the same time
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,bps=1234,throttling.bps-total=5678
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,bps=1234,throttling.bps-total=5678: 'throttling.bps-total' and its alias 'bps' can't be used at the same time
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,bps_rd=1234,throttling.bps-read=5678
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,bps_rd=1234,throttling.bps-read=5678: 'throttling.bps-read' and its alias 'bps_rd' can't be used at the same time
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,bps_wr=1234,throttling.bps-write=5678
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,bps_wr=1234,throttling.bps-write=5678: 'throttling.bps-write' and its alias 'bps_wr' can't be used at the same time
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,iops_max=1234,throttling.iops-total-max=5678
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,iops_max=1234,throttling.iops-total-max=5678: 'throttling.iops-total-max' and its alias 'iops_max' can't be used at the same time
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,iops_rd_max=1234,throttling.iops-read-max=5678
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,iops_rd_max=1234,throttling.iops-read-max=5678: 'throttling.iops-read-max' and its alias 'iops_rd_max' can't be used at the same time
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,iops_wr_max=1234,throttling.iops-write-max=5678
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,iops_wr_max=1234,throttling.iops-write-max=5678: 'throttling.iops-write-max' and its alias 'iops_wr_max' can't be used at the same time
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,bps_max=1234,throttling.bps-total-max=5678
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,bps_max=1234,throttling.bps-total-max=5678: 'throttling.bps-total-max' and its alias 'bps_max' can't be used at the same time
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,bps_rd_max=1234,throttling.bps-read-max=5678
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,bps_rd_max=1234,throttling.bps-read-max=5678: 'throttling.bps-read-max' and its alias 'bps_rd_max' can't be used at the same time
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,bps_wr_max=1234,throttling.bps-write-max=5678
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,bps_wr_max=1234,throttling.bps-write-max=5678: 'throttling.bps-write-max' and its alias 'bps_wr_max' can't be used at the same time
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,iops_size=1234,throttling.iops-size=5678
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,iops_size=1234,throttling.iops-size=5678: 'throttling.iops-size' and its alias 'iops_size' can't be used at the same time
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,readonly=on,read-only=off
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,readonly=on,read-only=off: 'read-only' and its alias 'readonly' can't be used at the same time
+
+
+=== Parsing protocol from file name ===
+
+Testing: -hda foo:bar
+QEMU_PROG: -hda foo:bar: Unknown protocol 'foo'
+
+Testing: -drive file=foo:bar
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file=foo:bar: Unknown protocol 'foo'
+
+Testing: -drive file.filename=foo:bar
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file.filename=foo:bar: Could not open 'foo:bar': No such file or directory
+
+Testing: -hda file:TEST_DIR/t.qcow2
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) qququiquit
+
+Testing: -drive file=file:TEST_DIR/t.qcow2
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) qququiquit
+
+Testing: -drive file.filename=file:TEST_DIR/t.qcow2
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file.filename=file:TEST_DIR/t.qcow2: Could not open 'file:TEST_DIR/t.qcow2': No such file or directory
+
+
+=== Snapshot mode ===
+
+wrote 4096/4096 bytes at offset 0
+4 KiB, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,if=none,id=drive0 -snapshot
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) qqeqemqemuqemu-qemu-iqemu-ioqemu-io qemu-io dqemu-io drqemu-io driqemu-io drivqemu-io driveqemu-io drive0qemu-io drive0 qemu-io drive0 "qemu-io drive0 "wqemu-io drive0 "wrqemu-io drive0 "wriqemu-io drive0 "writqemu-io drive0 "writeqemu-io drive0 "write qemu-io drive0 "write -qemu-io drive0 "write -Pqemu-io drive0 "write -P qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0xqemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x2qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4kqemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4k"
+wrote 4096/4096 bytes at offset 0
+4 KiB, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
+(qemu) qququiquit
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,snapshot=on,if=none,id=drive0
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) qqeqemqemuqemu-qemu-iqemu-ioqemu-io qemu-io dqemu-io drqemu-io driqemu-io drivqemu-io driveqemu-io drive0qemu-io drive0 qemu-io drive0 "qemu-io drive0 "wqemu-io drive0 "wrqemu-io drive0 "wriqemu-io drive0 "writqemu-io drive0 "writeqemu-io drive0 "write qemu-io drive0 "write -qemu-io drive0 "write -Pqemu-io drive0 "write -P qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0xqemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x2qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4kqemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4k"
+wrote 4096/4096 bytes at offset 0
+4 KiB, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
+(qemu) qququiquit
+
+Testing: -drive file.filename=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,driver=qcow2,snapshot=on,if=none,id=drive0
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) qqeqemqemuqemu-qemu-iqemu-ioqemu-io qemu-io dqemu-io drqemu-io driqemu-io drivqemu-io driveqemu-io drive0qemu-io drive0 qemu-io drive0 "qemu-io drive0 "wqemu-io drive0 "wrqemu-io drive0 "wriqemu-io drive0 "writqemu-io drive0 "writeqemu-io drive0 "write qemu-io drive0 "write -qemu-io drive0 "write -Pqemu-io drive0 "write -P qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0xqemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x2qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4kqemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4k"
+wrote 4096/4096 bytes at offset 0
+4 KiB, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
+(qemu) qququiquit
+
+Testing: -drive file.filename=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,driver=qcow2,if=none,id=drive0 -snapshot
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) qqeqemqemuqemu-qemu-iqemu-ioqemu-io qemu-io dqemu-io drqemu-io driqemu-io drivqemu-io driveqemu-io drive0qemu-io drive0 qemu-io drive0 "qemu-io drive0 "wqemu-io drive0 "wrqemu-io drive0 "wriqemu-io drive0 "writqemu-io drive0 "writeqemu-io drive0 "write qemu-io drive0 "write -qemu-io drive0 "write -Pqemu-io drive0 "write -P qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0xqemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x2qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4kqemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4k"
+wrote 4096/4096 bytes at offset 0
+4 KiB, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
+(qemu) qququiquit
+
+Testing: -drive file=file:TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,if=none,id=drive0 -snapshot
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) qqeqemqemuqemu-qemu-iqemu-ioqemu-io qemu-io dqemu-io drqemu-io driqemu-io drivqemu-io driveqemu-io drive0qemu-io drive0 qemu-io drive0 "qemu-io drive0 "wqemu-io drive0 "wrqemu-io drive0 "wriqemu-io drive0 "writqemu-io drive0 "writeqemu-io drive0 "write qemu-io drive0 "write -qemu-io drive0 "write -Pqemu-io drive0 "write -P qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0xqemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x2qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4kqemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4k"
+wrote 4096/4096 bytes at offset 0
+4 KiB, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
+(qemu) qququiquit
+
+Testing: -drive file=file:TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,snapshot=on,if=none,id=drive0
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) qqeqemqemuqemu-qemu-iqemu-ioqemu-io qemu-io dqemu-io drqemu-io driqemu-io drivqemu-io driveqemu-io drive0qemu-io drive0 qemu-io drive0 "qemu-io drive0 "wqemu-io drive0 "wrqemu-io drive0 "wriqemu-io drive0 "writqemu-io drive0 "writeqemu-io drive0 "write qemu-io drive0 "write -qemu-io drive0 "write -Pqemu-io drive0 "write -P qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0xqemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x2qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4kqemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4k"
+wrote 4096/4096 bytes at offset 0
+4 KiB, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
+(qemu) qququiquit
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,if=none,id=drive0 -snapshot
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) qqeqemqemuqemu-qemu-iqemu-ioqemu-io qemu-io dqemu-io drqemu-io driqemu-io drivqemu-io driveqemu-io drive0qemu-io drive0 qemu-io drive0 "qemu-io drive0 "wqemu-io drive0 "wrqemu-io drive0 "wriqemu-io drive0 "writqemu-io drive0 "writeqemu-io drive0 "write qemu-io drive0 "write -qemu-io drive0 "write -Pqemu-io drive0 "write -P qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0xqemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x2qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4kqemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4k"
+wrote 4096/4096 bytes at offset 0
+4 KiB, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
+(qemu) qququiquit
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,snapshot=on,if=none,id=drive0
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) qqeqemqemuqemu-qemu-iqemu-ioqemu-io qemu-io dqemu-io drqemu-io driqemu-io drivqemu-io driveqemu-io drive0qemu-io drive0 qemu-io drive0 "qemu-io drive0 "wqemu-io drive0 "wrqemu-io drive0 "wriqemu-io drive0 "writqemu-io drive0 "writeqemu-io drive0 "write qemu-io drive0 "write -qemu-io drive0 "write -Pqemu-io drive0 "write -P qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0xqemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x2qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4kqemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4k"
+wrote 4096/4096 bytes at offset 0
+4 KiB, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
+(qemu) qququiquit
+
+read 4096/4096 bytes at offset 0
+4 KiB, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,snapshot=off,if=none,id=drive0
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) qqeqemqemuqemu-qemu-iqemu-ioqemu-io qemu-io dqemu-io drqemu-io driqemu-io drivqemu-io driveqemu-io drive0qemu-io drive0 qemu-io drive0 "qemu-io drive0 "wqemu-io drive0 "wrqemu-io drive0 "wriqemu-io drive0 "writqemu-io drive0 "writeqemu-io drive0 "write qemu-io drive0 "write -qemu-io drive0 "write -Pqemu-io drive0 "write -P qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0xqemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x2qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4kqemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4k"
+wrote 4096/4096 bytes at offset 0
+4 KiB, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
+(qemu) qququiquit
+
+read 4096/4096 bytes at offset 0
+4 KiB, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,snapshot=on,if=none,id=drive0
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) qqeqemqemuqemu-qemu-iqemu-ioqemu-io qemu-io dqemu-io drqemu-io driqemu-io drivqemu-io driveqemu-io drive0qemu-io drive0 qemu-io drive0 "qemu-io drive0 "wqemu-io drive0 "wrqemu-io drive0 "wriqemu-io drive0 "writqemu-io drive0 "writeqemu-io drive0 "write qemu-io drive0 "write -qemu-io drive0 "write -Pqemu-io drive0 "write -P qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0xqemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x3qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x33qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x33 qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x33 0qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x33 0 qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x33 0 4qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x33 0 4kqemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x33 0 4k"
+wrote 4096/4096 bytes at offset 0
+4 KiB, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
+(qemu) ccocomcommcommicommitcommit commit dcommit drcommit dricommit drivcommit drivecommit drive0
+(qemu) qququiquit
+
+read 4096/4096 bytes at offset 0
+4 KiB, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
+*** done
diff --git a/tests/qemu-iotests/061.out b/tests/qemu-iotests/061.out
index f2598a8f9d..57aae28e53 100644
--- a/tests/qemu-iotests/061.out
+++ b/tests/qemu-iotests/061.out
@@ -291,18 +291,18 @@ No errors were found on the image.
 === Testing invalid configurations ===
 
 Formatting 'TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT', fmt=IMGFMT size=67108864
-Lazy refcounts only supported with compatibility level 1.1 and above (use compat=1.1 or greater)
+qemu-img: Lazy refcounts only supported with compatibility level 1.1 and above (use compat=1.1 or greater)
 qemu-img: Error while amending options: Invalid argument
-Lazy refcounts only supported with compatibility level 1.1 and above (use compat=1.1 or greater)
+qemu-img: Lazy refcounts only supported with compatibility level 1.1 and above (use compat=1.1 or greater)
 qemu-img: Error while amending options: Invalid argument
-Unknown compatibility level 0.42.
+qemu-img: Unknown compatibility level 0.42
 qemu-img: Error while amending options: Invalid argument
 qemu-img: Invalid parameter 'foo'
-Changing the cluster size is not supported.
+qemu-img: Changing the cluster size is not supported
 qemu-img: Error while amending options: Operation not supported
-Changing the encryption flag is not supported.
+qemu-img: Changing the encryption flag is not supported
 qemu-img: Error while amending options: Operation not supported
-Cannot change preallocation mode.
+qemu-img: Cannot change preallocation mode
 qemu-img: Error while amending options: Operation not supported
 
 === Testing correct handling of unset value ===
@@ -310,7 +310,7 @@ qemu-img: Error while amending options: Operation not supported
 Formatting 'TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT', fmt=IMGFMT size=67108864
 Should work:
 Should not work:
-Changing the cluster size is not supported.
+qemu-img: Changing the cluster size is not supported
 qemu-img: Error while amending options: Operation not supported
 
 === Testing zero expansion on inactive clusters ===
diff --git a/tests/qemu-iotests/068 b/tests/qemu-iotests/068
index b72e55599b..58d1d80e78 100755
--- a/tests/qemu-iotests/068
+++ b/tests/qemu-iotests/068
@@ -50,13 +50,23 @@ echo
 echo "=== Saving and reloading a VM state to/from a qcow2 image ==="
 echo
 _make_test_img $IMG_SIZE
+
+case "$QEMU_DEFAULT_MACHINE" in
+  s390-ccw-virtio)
+      platform_parm="-no-shutdown -machine accel=kvm"
+      ;;
+  *)
+      platform_parm=""
+      ;;
+esac
+
 # Give qemu some time to boot before saving the VM state
 bash -c 'sleep 1; echo -e "savevm 0\nquit"' |\
-    $QEMU -nographic -monitor stdio -serial none -hda "$TEST_IMG" |\
+    $QEMU $platform_parm -nographic -monitor stdio -serial none -hda "$TEST_IMG" |\
     _filter_qemu
 # Now try to continue from that VM state (this should just work)
 echo quit |\
-    $QEMU -nographic -monitor stdio -serial none -hda "$TEST_IMG" -loadvm 0 |\
+    $QEMU $platform_parm -nographic -monitor stdio -serial none -hda "$TEST_IMG" -loadvm 0 |\
     _filter_qemu
 
 # success, all done
diff --git a/tests/qemu-iotests/094 b/tests/qemu-iotests/094
index 27a2be2569..57a68f89e1 100755
--- a/tests/qemu-iotests/094
+++ b/tests/qemu-iotests/094
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/bash
 #
-# Test case for drive-mirror to NBD (especially bdrv_swap() on NBD BDS)
+# Test case for drive-mirror to NBD
 #
 # Copyright (C) 2015 Red Hat, Inc.
 #
@@ -50,8 +50,10 @@ _send_qemu_cmd $QEMU_HANDLE \
     "{'execute': 'qmp_capabilities'}" \
     'return'
 
-# 'format': 'nbd' is not actually "correct", but this is probably the only way
-# to test bdrv_swap() on an NBD BDS
+# 'format': 'nbd' is not actually "correct", but this was the only way to
+# test the bug fixed in commit f53a829.  Though the bug's related code
+# bdrv_swap() was replaced later, let's make sure we don't fall in the same
+# pit again.
 _send_qemu_cmd $QEMU_HANDLE  \
     "{'execute': 'drive-mirror',
       'arguments': {'device': 'src',
diff --git a/tests/qemu-iotests/110.out b/tests/qemu-iotests/110.out
index 0270980c26..b3584ff87f 100644
--- a/tests/qemu-iotests/110.out
+++ b/tests/qemu-iotests/110.out
@@ -11,7 +11,10 @@ backing file: t.IMGFMT.base (actual path: TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT.base)
 
 === Non-reconstructable filename ===
 
-qemu-img: Cannot use relative backing file names for 'json:{"driver": "IMGFMT", "file": {"set-state.0.event": "read_aio", "image": {"driver": "file", "filename": "TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT"}, "driver": "blkdebug", "set-state.0.new_state": 42}}'
+image: json:{"driver": "IMGFMT", "file": {"set-state.0.event": "read_aio", "image": {"driver": "file", "filename": "TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT"}, "driver": "blkdebug", "set-state.0.new_state": 42}}
+file format: IMGFMT
+virtual size: 64M (67108864 bytes)
+backing file: t.IMGFMT.base (cannot determine actual path)
 
 === Backing name is always relative to the backed image ===
 
diff --git a/tests/qemu-iotests/112 b/tests/qemu-iotests/112
index 3f054a3fcd..34ba06acd6 100755
--- a/tests/qemu-iotests/112
+++ b/tests/qemu-iotests/112
@@ -180,6 +180,115 @@ $QEMU_IMG snapshot -c foo "$TEST_IMG"
 # leaked (refcount=UINT64_MAX reference=1)
 _check_test_img
 
+echo
+echo '=== Amend from refcount_bits=16 to refcount_bits=1 ==='
+echo
+
+_make_test_img 64M
+print_refcount_bits
+
+$QEMU_IO -c 'write 16M 32M' "$TEST_IMG" | _filter_qemu_io
+$QEMU_IMG amend -o refcount_bits=1 "$TEST_IMG"
+_check_test_img
+print_refcount_bits
+
+echo
+echo '=== Amend from refcount_bits=1 to refcount_bits=64 ==='
+echo
+
+$QEMU_IMG amend -o refcount_bits=64 "$TEST_IMG"
+_check_test_img
+print_refcount_bits
+
+echo
+echo '=== Amend to compat=0.10 ==='
+echo
+
+# Should not work because refcount_bits needs to be 16 for compat=0.10
+$QEMU_IMG amend -o compat=0.10 "$TEST_IMG"
+print_refcount_bits
+# Should work
+$QEMU_IMG amend -o compat=0.10,refcount_bits=16 "$TEST_IMG"
+_check_test_img
+print_refcount_bits
+
+# Get back to compat=1.1 and refcount_bits=16
+$QEMU_IMG amend -o compat=1.1 "$TEST_IMG"
+print_refcount_bits
+# Should not work
+$QEMU_IMG amend -o refcount_bits=32,compat=0.10 "$TEST_IMG"
+print_refcount_bits
+
+echo
+echo '=== Amend with snapshot ==='
+echo
+
+$QEMU_IMG snapshot -c foo "$TEST_IMG"
+# Just to have different refcounts across the image
+$QEMU_IO -c 'write 0 16M' "$TEST_IMG" | _filter_qemu_io
+
+# Should not work (may work in the future by first decreasing all refcounts so
+# they fit into the target range by copying them)
+$QEMU_IMG amend -o refcount_bits=1 "$TEST_IMG"
+_check_test_img
+print_refcount_bits
+
+# Should work
+$QEMU_IMG amend -o refcount_bits=2 "$TEST_IMG"
+_check_test_img
+print_refcount_bits
+
+echo
+echo '=== Testing too many references for check ==='
+echo
+
+IMGOPTS="$IMGOPTS,refcount_bits=1" _make_test_img 64M
+print_refcount_bits
+
+# This cluster should be created at 0x50000
+$QEMU_IO -c 'write 0 64k' "$TEST_IMG" | _filter_qemu_io
+# Now make the second L2 entry (the L2 table should be at 0x40000) point to that
+# cluster, so we have two references
+poke_file "$TEST_IMG" $((0x40008)) "\x80\x00\x00\x00\x00\x05\x00\x00"
+
+# This should say "please use amend"
+_check_test_img -r all
+
+# So we do that
+$QEMU_IMG amend -o refcount_bits=2 "$TEST_IMG"
+print_refcount_bits
+
+# And try again
+_check_test_img -r all
+
+echo
+echo '=== Multiple walks necessary during amend ==='
+echo
+
+IMGOPTS="$IMGOPTS,refcount_bits=1,cluster_size=512" _make_test_img 64k
+
+# Cluster 0 is the image header, clusters 1 to 4 are used by the L1 table, a
+# single L2 table, the reftable and a single refblock. This creates 58 data
+# clusters (actually, the L2 table is created here, too), so in total there are
+# then 63 used clusters in the image. With a refcount width of 64, one refblock
+# describes 64 clusters (512 bytes / 64 bits/entry = 64 entries), so this will
+# make the first refblock in the amended image have exactly one free entry.
+$QEMU_IO -c "write 0 $((58 * 512))" "$TEST_IMG" | _filter_qemu_io
+
+# Now change the refcount width; since the first new refblock will have exactly
+# one free entry, that entry will be used to store its own reference. No other
+# refblocks are needed, so then the new reftable will be allocated; since the
+# first new refblock is completely filled up, this will require a new refblock
+# which is why the refcount width changing function will need to run through
+# everything one more time until the allocations are stable.
+# Having more walks than usual should be visible as regressing progress (from
+# 66.67 % (2/3 walks) to 50.00 % (2/4 walks)).
+$QEMU_IMG amend -o refcount_bits=64 -p "$TEST_IMG" | tr '\r' '\n' \
+                                                   | grep -A 1 '66.67'
+print_refcount_bits
+
+_check_test_img
+
 
 # success, all done
 echo '*** done'
diff --git a/tests/qemu-iotests/112.out b/tests/qemu-iotests/112.out
index 8dd3df0871..81b04d1452 100644
--- a/tests/qemu-iotests/112.out
+++ b/tests/qemu-iotests/112.out
@@ -81,4 +81,75 @@ Leaked cluster 6 refcount=1 reference=0
 
 2 leaked clusters were found on the image.
 This means waste of disk space, but no harm to data.
+
+=== Amend from refcount_bits=16 to refcount_bits=1 ===
+
+Formatting 'TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT', fmt=IMGFMT size=67108864
+refcount bits: 16
+wrote 33554432/33554432 bytes at offset 16777216
+32 MiB, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
+No errors were found on the image.
+refcount bits: 1
+
+=== Amend from refcount_bits=1 to refcount_bits=64 ===
+
+No errors were found on the image.
+refcount bits: 64
+
+=== Amend to compat=0.10 ===
+
+qemu-img: compat=0.10 requires refcount_bits=16
+qemu-img: Error while amending options: Operation not supported
+refcount bits: 64
+No errors were found on the image.
+refcount bits: 16
+refcount bits: 16
+qemu-img: Different refcount widths than 16 bits require compatibility level 1.1 or above (use compat=1.1 or greater)
+qemu-img: Error while amending options: Invalid argument
+refcount bits: 16
+
+=== Amend with snapshot ===
+
+wrote 16777216/16777216 bytes at offset 0
+16 MiB, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
+qemu-img: Cannot decrease refcount entry width to 1 bits: Cluster at offset 0x50000 has a refcount of 2
+qemu-img: Error while amending options: Invalid argument
+No errors were found on the image.
+refcount bits: 16
+No errors were found on the image.
+refcount bits: 2
+
+=== Testing too many references for check ===
+
+Formatting 'TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT', fmt=IMGFMT size=67108864
+refcount bits: 1
+wrote 65536/65536 bytes at offset 0
+64 KiB, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
+ERROR: overflow cluster offset=0x50000
+Use qemu-img amend to increase the refcount entry width or qemu-img convert to create a clean copy if the image cannot be opened for writing
+
+1 errors were found on the image.
+Data may be corrupted, or further writes to the image may corrupt it.
+refcount bits: 2
+ERROR cluster 5 refcount=1 reference=2
+Repairing cluster 5 refcount=1 reference=2
+Repairing OFLAG_COPIED data cluster: l2_entry=8000000000050000 refcount=2
+Repairing OFLAG_COPIED data cluster: l2_entry=8000000000050000 refcount=2
+The following inconsistencies were found and repaired:
+
+    0 leaked clusters
+    3 corruptions
+
+Double checking the fixed image now...
+No errors were found on the image.
+
+=== Multiple walks necessary during amend ===
+
+Formatting 'TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT', fmt=IMGFMT size=65536
+wrote 29696/29696 bytes at offset 0
+29 KiB, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
+    (66.67/100%)
+    (50.00/100%)
+refcount bits: 64
+No errors were found on the image.
 *** done
diff --git a/tests/qemu-iotests/124 b/tests/qemu-iotests/124
index c928f0101b..7d334225b5 100644
--- a/tests/qemu-iotests/124
+++ b/tests/qemu-iotests/124
@@ -91,24 +91,31 @@ class Bitmap:
                 try_remove(image)
 
 
-class TestIncrementalBackup(iotests.QMPTestCase):
-    def setUp(self):
+class TestIncrementalBackupBase(iotests.QMPTestCase):
+    def __init__(self, *args):
+        super(TestIncrementalBackupBase, self).__init__(*args)
         self.bitmaps = list()
         self.files = list()
         self.drives = list()
         self.vm = iotests.VM()
         self.err_img = os.path.join(iotests.test_dir, 'err.%s' % iotests.imgfmt)
 
+
+    def setUp(self):
         # Create a base image with a distinctive patterning
         drive0 = self.add_node('drive0')
         self.img_create(drive0['file'], drive0['fmt'])
         self.vm.add_drive(drive0['file'])
-        io_write_patterns(drive0['file'], (('0x41', 0, 512),
-                                           ('0xd5', '1M', '32k'),
-                                           ('0xdc', '32M', '124k')))
+        self.write_default_pattern(drive0['file'])
         self.vm.launch()
 
 
+    def write_default_pattern(self, target):
+        io_write_patterns(target, (('0x41', 0, 512),
+                                   ('0xd5', '1M', '32k'),
+                                   ('0xdc', '32M', '124k')))
+
+
     def add_node(self, node_id, fmt=iotests.imgfmt, path=None, backup=None):
         if path is None:
             path = os.path.join(iotests.test_dir, '%s.%s' % (node_id, fmt))
@@ -259,6 +266,16 @@ class TestIncrementalBackup(iotests.QMPTestCase):
         self.check_backups()
 
 
+    def tearDown(self):
+        self.vm.shutdown()
+        for bitmap in self.bitmaps:
+            bitmap.cleanup()
+        for filename in self.files:
+            try_remove(filename)
+
+
+
+class TestIncrementalBackup(TestIncrementalBackupBase):
     def test_incremental_simple(self):
         '''
         Test: Create and verify three incremental backups.
@@ -327,63 +344,6 @@ class TestIncrementalBackup(iotests.QMPTestCase):
         self.check_backups()
 
 
-    def test_incremental_failure(self):
-        '''Test: Verify backups made after a failure are correct.
-
-        Simulate a failure during an incremental backup block job,
-        emulate additional writes, then create another incremental backup
-        afterwards and verify that the backup created is correct.
-        '''
-
-        # Create a blkdebug interface to this img as 'drive1',
-        # but don't actually create a new image.
-        drive1 = self.add_node('drive1', self.drives[0]['fmt'],
-                               path=self.drives[0]['file'],
-                               backup=self.drives[0]['backup'])
-        result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-add', options={
-            'id': drive1['id'],
-            'driver': drive1['fmt'],
-            'file': {
-                'driver': 'blkdebug',
-                'image': {
-                    'driver': 'file',
-                    'filename': drive1['file']
-                },
-                'set-state': [{
-                    'event': 'flush_to_disk',
-                    'state': 1,
-                    'new_state': 2
-                }],
-                'inject-error': [{
-                    'event': 'read_aio',
-                    'errno': 5,
-                    'state': 2,
-                    'immediately': False,
-                    'once': True
-                }],
-            }
-        })
-        self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
-
-        self.create_anchor_backup(self.drives[0])
-        self.add_bitmap('bitmap0', drive1)
-        # Note: at this point, during a normal execution,
-        # Assume that the VM resumes and begins issuing IO requests here.
-
-        self.hmp_io_writes(drive1['id'], (('0xab', 0, 512),
-                                          ('0xfe', '16M', '256k'),
-                                          ('0x64', '32736k', '64k')))
-
-        result = self.create_incremental(validate=False)
-        self.assertFalse(result)
-        self.hmp_io_writes(drive1['id'], (('0x9a', 0, 512),
-                                          ('0x55', '8M', '352k'),
-                                          ('0x78', '15872k', '1M')))
-        self.create_incremental()
-        self.vm.shutdown()
-        self.check_backups()
-
-
     def test_transaction_failure(self):
         '''Test: Verify backups made from a transaction that partially fails.
 
@@ -531,12 +491,66 @@ class TestIncrementalBackup(iotests.QMPTestCase):
                           granularity=64000)
 
 
-    def tearDown(self):
+class TestIncrementalBackupBlkdebug(TestIncrementalBackupBase):
+    '''Incremental backup tests that utilize a BlkDebug filter on drive0.'''
+
+    def setUp(self):
+        drive0 = self.add_node('drive0')
+        self.img_create(drive0['file'], drive0['fmt'])
+        self.write_default_pattern(drive0['file'])
+        self.vm.launch()
+
+    def test_incremental_failure(self):
+        '''Test: Verify backups made after a failure are correct.
+
+        Simulate a failure during an incremental backup block job,
+        emulate additional writes, then create another incremental backup
+        afterwards and verify that the backup created is correct.
+        '''
+
+        drive0 = self.drives[0]
+        result = self.vm.qmp('blockdev-add', options={
+            'id': drive0['id'],
+            'driver': drive0['fmt'],
+            'file': {
+                'driver': 'blkdebug',
+                'image': {
+                    'driver': 'file',
+                    'filename': drive0['file']
+                },
+                'set-state': [{
+                    'event': 'flush_to_disk',
+                    'state': 1,
+                    'new_state': 2
+                }],
+                'inject-error': [{
+                    'event': 'read_aio',
+                    'errno': 5,
+                    'state': 2,
+                    'immediately': False,
+                    'once': True
+                }],
+            }
+        })
+        self.assert_qmp(result, 'return', {})
+
+        self.create_anchor_backup(drive0)
+        self.add_bitmap('bitmap0', drive0)
+        # Note: at this point, during a normal execution,
+        # Assume that the VM resumes and begins issuing IO requests here.
+
+        self.hmp_io_writes(drive0['id'], (('0xab', 0, 512),
+                                          ('0xfe', '16M', '256k'),
+                                          ('0x64', '32736k', '64k')))
+
+        result = self.create_incremental(validate=False)
+        self.assertFalse(result)
+        self.hmp_io_writes(drive0['id'], (('0x9a', 0, 512),
+                                          ('0x55', '8M', '352k'),
+                                          ('0x78', '15872k', '1M')))
+        self.create_incremental()
         self.vm.shutdown()
-        for bitmap in self.bitmaps:
-            bitmap.cleanup()
-        for filename in self.files:
-            try_remove(filename)
+        self.check_backups()
 
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
diff --git a/tests/qemu-iotests/133 b/tests/qemu-iotests/133
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..858710288a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/qemu-iotests/133
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+#
+# Test for reopen
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2015 Red Hat, Inc.
+#
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+
+# creator
+owner=kwolf@redhat.com
+
+seq=`basename $0`
+echo "QA output created by $seq"
+
+here=`pwd`
+tmp=/tmp/$$
+status=1	# failure is the default!
+
+_cleanup()
+{
+    _cleanup_test_img
+}
+trap "_cleanup; exit \$status" 0 1 2 3 15
+
+# get standard environment, filters and checks
+. ./common.rc
+. ./common.filter
+
+_supported_fmt qcow2
+_supported_proto file
+_supported_os Linux
+
+TEST_IMG="$TEST_IMG.base" _make_test_img 64M
+_make_test_img -b "$TEST_IMG.base"
+
+echo
+echo "=== Check that node-name can't be changed ==="
+echo
+
+$QEMU_IO -c 'reopen -o node-name=foo' $TEST_IMG
+$QEMU_IO -c 'reopen -o file.node-name=foo' $TEST_IMG
+$QEMU_IO -c 'reopen -o backing.node-name=foo' $TEST_IMG
+
+echo
+echo "=== Check that unchanged node-name is okay ==="
+echo
+
+# Explicitly repeated
+$QEMU_IO -c "open -o node-name=foo $TEST_IMG" -c 'reopen -o node-name=foo'
+$QEMU_IO -c "open -o file.node-name=foo $TEST_IMG" -c 'reopen -o file.node-name=foo'
+$QEMU_IO -c "open -o backing.node-name=foo $TEST_IMG" -c 'reopen -o backing.node-name=foo'
+
+# Implicitly retained
+$QEMU_IO -c "open -o node-name=foo $TEST_IMG" -c 'reopen'
+$QEMU_IO -c "open -o file.node-name=foo $TEST_IMG" -c 'reopen'
+$QEMU_IO -c "open -o backing.node-name=foo $TEST_IMG" -c 'reopen'
+
+echo
+echo "=== Check that driver can't be changed ==="
+echo
+
+$QEMU_IO -c 'reopen -o driver=raw' $TEST_IMG
+$QEMU_IO -c 'reopen -o file.driver=qcow2' $TEST_IMG
+$QEMU_IO -c 'reopen -o backing.driver=file' $TEST_IMG
+
+echo
+echo "=== Check that unchanged driver is okay ==="
+echo
+
+# Explicitly repeated (implicit case is covered in node-name test)
+$QEMU_IO -c 'reopen -o driver=qcow2' $TEST_IMG
+$QEMU_IO -c 'reopen -o file.driver=file' $TEST_IMG
+$QEMU_IO -c 'reopen -o backing.driver=qcow2' $TEST_IMG
+
+# success, all done
+echo "*** done"
+rm -f $seq.full
+status=0
diff --git a/tests/qemu-iotests/133.out b/tests/qemu-iotests/133.out
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cc86b94880
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/qemu-iotests/133.out
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+QA output created by 133
+Formatting 'TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT.base', fmt=IMGFMT size=67108864
+Formatting 'TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT', fmt=IMGFMT size=67108864 backing_file=TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT.base
+
+=== Check that node-name can't be changed ===
+
+Cannot change the option 'node-name'
+Cannot change the option 'node-name'
+Cannot change the option 'node-name'
+
+=== Check that unchanged node-name is okay ===
+
+
+=== Check that driver can't be changed ===
+
+Cannot change the option 'driver'
+Cannot change the option 'driver'
+Cannot change the option 'driver'
+
+=== Check that unchanged driver is okay ===
+
+*** done
diff --git a/tests/qemu-iotests/142 b/tests/qemu-iotests/142
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..8aa50f8d71
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/qemu-iotests/142
@@ -0,0 +1,354 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+#
+# Test for configuring cache modes of arbitrary nodes (requires O_DIRECT)
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2015 Red Hat, Inc.
+#
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+
+# creator
+owner=kwolf@redhat.com
+
+seq=`basename $0`
+echo "QA output created by $seq"
+
+here=`pwd`
+tmp=/tmp/$$
+status=1	# failure is the default!
+
+_cleanup()
+{
+    _cleanup_test_img
+    rm -f $TEST_IMG.snap
+}
+trap "_cleanup; exit \$status" 0 1 2 3 15
+
+# get standard environment, filters and checks
+. ./common.rc
+. ./common.filter
+
+_supported_fmt qcow2
+_supported_proto file
+_supported_os Linux
+
+# We test all cache modes anyway, but O_DIRECT needs to be supported
+_default_cache_mode none
+_supported_cache_modes none directsync
+
+function do_run_qemu()
+{
+    echo Testing: "$@"
+    (
+        if ! test -t 0; then
+            while read cmd; do
+                echo $cmd
+            done
+        fi
+        echo quit
+    ) | $QEMU -nographic -monitor stdio -nodefaults "$@"
+    echo
+}
+
+function run_qemu()
+{
+    do_run_qemu "$@" 2>&1 | _filter_testdir | _filter_qemu
+}
+
+size=128M
+
+TEST_IMG="$TEST_IMG.base" _make_test_img $size
+TEST_IMG="$TEST_IMG.snap" _make_test_img $size
+_make_test_img -b "$TEST_IMG.base" $size
+
+echo
+echo === Simple test for all cache modes ===
+echo
+
+run_qemu -drive file="$TEST_IMG",cache=none
+run_qemu -drive file="$TEST_IMG",cache=directsync
+run_qemu -drive file="$TEST_IMG",cache=writeback
+run_qemu -drive file="$TEST_IMG",cache=writethrough
+run_qemu -drive file="$TEST_IMG",cache=unsafe
+run_qemu -drive file="$TEST_IMG",cache=invalid_value
+
+echo
+echo === Check inheritance of cache modes ===
+echo
+
+files="if=none,file=$TEST_IMG,backing.file.filename=$TEST_IMG.base"
+ids="node-name=image,backing.node-name=backing,backing.file.node-name=backing-file,file.node-name=file"
+
+function check_cache_all()
+{
+    # cache.direct is supposed to be inherited by both bs->file and
+    # bs->backing
+
+    echo -e "cache.direct=on on none0"
+    echo "$hmp_cmds" | run_qemu -drive "$files","$ids",cache.direct=on | grep "Cache"
+    echo -e "\ncache.direct=on on file"
+    echo "$hmp_cmds" | run_qemu -drive "$files","$ids",file.cache.direct=on | grep "Cache"
+    echo -e "\ncache.direct=on on backing"
+    echo "$hmp_cmds" | run_qemu -drive "$files","$ids",backing.cache.direct=on | grep "Cache"
+    echo -e "\ncache.direct=on on backing-file"
+    echo "$hmp_cmds" | run_qemu -drive "$files","$ids",backing.file.cache.direct=on | grep "Cache"
+
+    # cache.writeback is supposed to be inherited by bs->backing; bs->file
+    # always gets cache.writeback=on
+
+    echo -e "\n\ncache.writeback=off on none0"
+    echo "$hmp_cmds" | run_qemu -drive "$files","$ids",cache.writeback=off | grep "Cache"
+    echo -e "\ncache.writeback=off on file"
+    echo "$hmp_cmds" | run_qemu -drive "$files","$ids",file.cache.writeback=off | grep "Cache"
+    echo -e "\ncache.writeback=off on backing"
+    echo "$hmp_cmds" | run_qemu -drive "$files","$ids",backing.cache.writeback=off | grep "Cache"
+    echo -e "\ncache.writeback=off on backing-file"
+    echo "$hmp_cmds" | run_qemu -drive "$files","$ids",backing.file.cache.writeback=off | grep "Cache"
+
+    # cache.no-flush is supposed to be inherited by both bs->file and bs->backing
+
+    echo -e "\n\ncache.no-flush=on on none0"
+    echo "$hmp_cmds" | run_qemu -drive "$files","$ids",cache.no-flush=on | grep "Cache"
+    echo -e "\ncache.no-flush=on on file"
+    echo "$hmp_cmds" | run_qemu -drive "$files","$ids",file.cache.no-flush=on | grep "Cache"
+    echo -e "\ncache.no-flush=on on backing"
+    echo "$hmp_cmds" | run_qemu -drive "$files","$ids",backing.cache.no-flush=on | grep "Cache"
+    echo -e "\ncache.no-flush=on on backing-file"
+    echo "$hmp_cmds" | run_qemu -drive "$files","$ids",backing.file.cache.no-flush=on | grep "Cache"
+}
+
+echo
+echo "--- Configure cache modes on the command line ---"
+echo
+
+# First check the inherited cache mode after opening the image.
+
+hmp_cmds="info block image
+info block file
+info block backing
+info block backing-file"
+
+check_cache_all
+
+echo
+echo "--- Cache modes after reopen (live snapshot) ---"
+echo
+
+# Then trigger a reopen and check that the cache modes are still the same.
+
+hmp_cmds="snapshot_blkdev -n none0 $TEST_IMG.snap $IMGFMT
+info block
+info block image
+info block file
+info block backing
+info block backing-file"
+
+check_cache_all
+
+echo
+echo "--- Change cache modes with reopen (qemu-io command, flags) ---"
+echo
+
+# This one actually changes the cache mode with the reopen. For this test, the
+# new cache mode is specified in the flags, not as an option.
+
+hmp_cmds='qemu-io none0 "reopen -c none"
+info block image
+info block file
+info block backing
+info block backing-file'
+
+check_cache_all
+
+echo
+echo "--- Change cache modes with reopen (qemu-io command, options) ---"
+echo
+
+# This one actually changes the cache mode with the reopen. For this test, the
+# new cache mode is specified as an option, not in the flags.
+
+hmp_cmds='qemu-io none0 "reopen -o cache.direct=on"
+info block image
+info block file
+info block backing
+info block backing-file'
+
+check_cache_all
+
+echo
+echo "--- Change cache modes after snapshot ---"
+echo
+
+# This checks that the original image doesn't inherit from the snapshot
+
+hmp_cmds="snapshot_blkdev -n none0 $TEST_IMG.snap $IMGFMT
+qemu-io none0 \"reopen -c none\"
+info block none0
+info block image
+info block file
+info block backing
+info block backing-file"
+
+check_cache_all
+
+echo
+echo "--- Change cache mode in parent, child has explicit option in JSON ---"
+echo
+
+# This checks that children with options explicitly set by the json:
+# pseudo-protocol don't inherit these options from their parents.
+#
+# Yes, blkdebug::json:... is criminal, but I can't see another way to have a
+# BDS initialised with the json: pseudo-protocol, but still have it inherit
+# options from its parent node.
+
+hmp_cmds="qemu-io none0 \"reopen -o cache.writeback=off,cache.direct=on,cache.no-flush=on\"
+info block image
+info block blkdebug
+info block file"
+
+echo "$hmp_cmds" | run_qemu -drive if=none,file="blkdebug::json:{\"filename\":\"$TEST_IMG\",,\"cache\":{\"writeback\":false,,\"direct\":false}}",node-name=image,file.node-name=blkdebug,file.image.node-name=file | grep "Cache"
+
+echo
+echo "=== Check that referenced BDSes don't inherit ==="
+echo
+
+drv_bkfile="if=none,driver=file,filename=$TEST_IMG.base,node-name=backing-file"
+drv_bk="if=none,file=json:{'driver':'$IMGFMT',,'file':'backing-file',,'node-name':'backing'}"
+drv_file="if=none,driver=file,filename=$TEST_IMG,node-name=file"
+drv_img="if=none,id=blk,file=json:{'driver':'$IMGFMT',,'file':'file',,'backing':'backing',,'node-name':'image'}"
+
+function check_cache_all_separate()
+{
+    # Check cache.direct
+
+    echo -e "cache.direct=on on blk"
+    echo "$hmp_cmds" | run_qemu -drive "$drv_bkfile" -drive "$drv_bk" -drive "$drv_file" -drive "$drv_img",cache.direct=on | grep "Cache"
+    echo -e "\ncache.direct=on on file"
+    echo "$hmp_cmds" | run_qemu -drive "$drv_bkfile" -drive "$drv_bk" -drive "$drv_file",cache.direct=on -drive "$drv_img" | grep "Cache"
+    echo -e "\ncache.direct=on on backing"
+    echo "$hmp_cmds" | run_qemu -drive "$drv_bkfile" -drive "$drv_bk",cache.direct=on -drive "$drv_file" -drive "$drv_img" | grep "Cache"
+    echo -e "\ncache.direct=on on backing-file"
+    echo "$hmp_cmds" | run_qemu -drive "$drv_bkfile",cache.direct=on -drive "$drv_bk" -drive "$drv_file" -drive "$drv_img" | grep "Cache"
+
+    # Check cache.writeback
+
+    echo -e "\n\ncache.writeback=off on blk"
+    echo "$hmp_cmds" | run_qemu -drive "$drv_bkfile" -drive "$drv_bk" -drive "$drv_file" -drive "$drv_img",cache.writeback=off | grep "Cache"
+    echo -e "\ncache.writeback=off on file"
+    echo "$hmp_cmds" | run_qemu -drive "$drv_bkfile" -drive "$drv_bk" -drive "$drv_file",cache.writeback=off -drive "$drv_img" | grep "Cache"
+    echo -e "\ncache.writeback=off on backing"
+    echo "$hmp_cmds" | run_qemu -drive "$drv_bkfile" -drive "$drv_bk",cache.writeback=off -drive "$drv_file" -drive "$drv_img" | grep "Cache"
+    echo -e "\ncache.writeback=off on backing-file"
+    echo "$hmp_cmds" | run_qemu -drive "$drv_bkfile",cache.writeback=off -drive "$drv_bk" -drive "$drv_file" -drive "$drv_img" | grep "Cache"
+
+    # Check cache.no-flush
+
+    echo -e "\n\ncache.no-flush=on on blk"
+    echo "$hmp_cmds" | run_qemu -drive "$drv_bkfile" -drive "$drv_bk" -drive "$drv_file" -drive "$drv_img",cache.no-flush=on | grep "Cache"
+    echo -e "\ncache.no-flush=on on file"
+    echo "$hmp_cmds" | run_qemu -drive "$drv_bkfile" -drive "$drv_bk" -drive "$drv_file",cache.no-flush=on -drive "$drv_img" | grep "Cache"
+    echo -e "\ncache.no-flush=on on backing"
+    echo "$hmp_cmds" | run_qemu -drive "$drv_bkfile" -drive "$drv_bk",cache.no-flush=on -drive "$drv_file" -drive "$drv_img" | grep "Cache"
+    echo -e "\ncache.no-flush=on on backing-file"
+    echo "$hmp_cmds" | run_qemu -drive "$drv_bkfile",cache.no-flush=on -drive "$drv_bk" -drive "$drv_file" -drive "$drv_img" | grep "Cache"
+}
+
+echo
+echo "--- Configure cache modes on the command line ---"
+echo
+
+# First check the inherited cache mode after opening the image.
+
+hmp_cmds="info block image
+info block file
+info block backing
+info block backing-file"
+
+check_cache_all_separate
+
+echo
+echo "--- Cache modes after reopen (live snapshot) ---"
+echo
+
+# Then trigger a reopen and check that the cache modes are still the same.
+
+hmp_cmds="snapshot_blkdev -n blk $TEST_IMG.snap $IMGFMT
+info block blk
+info block image
+info block file
+info block backing
+info block backing-file"
+
+check_cache_all_separate
+
+echo
+echo "--- Change cache modes with reopen (qemu-io command, flags) ---"
+echo
+
+# This one actually changes the cache mode with the reopen. For this test, the
+# new cache mode is specified as flags, not as option.
+
+hmp_cmds='qemu-io blk "reopen -c none"
+info block image
+info block file
+info block backing
+info block backing-file'
+
+check_cache_all_separate
+
+
+echo
+echo "=== Reopening children instead of the root ==="
+echo
+
+files="if=none,file=$TEST_IMG,backing.file.filename=$TEST_IMG.base"
+ids="node-name=image,backing.node-name=backing,backing.file.node-name=backing-file,file.node-name=file"
+
+echo
+echo "--- Basic reopen ---"
+echo
+
+hmp_cmds='qemu-io none0 "reopen -o backing.cache.direct=on"
+info block image
+info block file
+info block backing
+info block backing-file'
+
+check_cache_all
+
+echo
+echo "--- Change cache mode after reopening child ---"
+echo
+
+# This checks that children with options explicitly set with reopen don't
+# inherit these options from their parents any more
+
+# TODO Implement node-name support for 'qemu-io' HMP command for -c
+# Can use only -o to access child node options for now
+
+hmp_cmds="qemu-io none0 \"reopen -o file.cache.writeback=off,file.cache.direct=off,file.cache.no-flush=off\"
+qemu-io none0 \"reopen -o backing.file.cache.writeback=on,backing.file.cache.direct=off,backing.file.cache.no-flush=on\"
+qemu-io none0 \"reopen -c none\"
+info block image
+info block file
+info block backing
+info block backing-file"
+
+echo "$hmp_cmds" | run_qemu -drive "$files","$ids" | grep "Cache"
+
+# success, all done
+echo "*** done"
+rm -f $seq.full
+status=0
diff --git a/tests/qemu-iotests/142.out b/tests/qemu-iotests/142.out
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b555d5a255
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/qemu-iotests/142.out
@@ -0,0 +1,773 @@
+QA output created by 142
+Formatting 'TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT.base', fmt=IMGFMT size=134217728
+Formatting 'TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT.snap', fmt=IMGFMT size=134217728
+Formatting 'TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT', fmt=IMGFMT size=134217728 backing_file=TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT.base
+
+=== Simple test for all cache modes ===
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,cache=none
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) qququiquit
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,cache=directsync
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) qququiquit
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,cache=writeback
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) qququiquit
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,cache=writethrough
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) qququiquit
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,cache=unsafe
+QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
+(qemu) qququiquit
+
+Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,cache=invalid_value
+QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,cache=invalid_value: invalid cache option
+
+
+=== Check inheritance of cache modes ===
+
+
+--- Configure cache modes on the command line ---
+
+cache.direct=on on none0
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+
+cache.direct=on on file
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+
+cache.direct=on on backing
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+
+cache.direct=on on backing-file
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+
+
+cache.writeback=off on none0
+    Cache mode:       writethrough
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writethrough
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+
+cache.writeback=off on file
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writethrough
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+
+cache.writeback=off on backing
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writethrough
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+
+cache.writeback=off on backing-file
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writethrough
+
+
+cache.no-flush=on on none0
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+
+cache.no-flush=on on file
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+
+cache.no-flush=on on backing
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+
+cache.no-flush=on on backing-file
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+
+--- Cache modes after reopen (live snapshot) ---
+
+cache.direct=on on none0
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+
+cache.direct=on on file
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+
+cache.direct=on on backing
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+
+cache.direct=on on backing-file
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+
+
+cache.writeback=off on none0
+    Cache mode:       writethrough
+    Cache mode:       writethrough
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writethrough
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+
+cache.writeback=off on file
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writethrough
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+
+cache.writeback=off on backing
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writethrough
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+
+cache.writeback=off on backing-file
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writethrough
+
+
+cache.no-flush=on on none0
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+
+cache.no-flush=on on file
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+
+cache.no-flush=on on backing
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+
+cache.no-flush=on on backing-file
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+
+--- Change cache modes with reopen (qemu-io command, flags) ---
+
+cache.direct=on on none0
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+
+cache.direct=on on file
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+
+cache.direct=on on backing
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+
+cache.direct=on on backing-file
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+
+
+cache.writeback=off on none0
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+
+cache.writeback=off on file
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writethrough, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+
+cache.writeback=off on backing
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writethrough, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+
+cache.writeback=off on backing-file
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writethrough, direct
+
+
+cache.no-flush=on on none0
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+
+cache.no-flush=on on file
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct, ignore flushes
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+
+cache.no-flush=on on backing
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct, ignore flushes
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct, ignore flushes
+
+cache.no-flush=on on backing-file
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct, ignore flushes
+
+--- Change cache modes with reopen (qemu-io command, options) ---
+
+cache.direct=on on none0
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+
+cache.direct=on on file
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+
+cache.direct=on on backing
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+
+cache.direct=on on backing-file
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+
+
+cache.writeback=off on none0
+    Cache mode:       writethrough, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writethrough, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+
+cache.writeback=off on file
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writethrough, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+
+cache.writeback=off on backing
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writethrough, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+
+cache.writeback=off on backing-file
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writethrough, direct
+
+
+cache.no-flush=on on none0
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct, ignore flushes
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct, ignore flushes
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct, ignore flushes
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct, ignore flushes
+
+cache.no-flush=on on file
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct, ignore flushes
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+
+cache.no-flush=on on backing
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct, ignore flushes
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct, ignore flushes
+
+cache.no-flush=on on backing-file
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct, ignore flushes
+
+--- Change cache modes after snapshot ---
+
+cache.direct=on on none0
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+
+cache.direct=on on file
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+
+cache.direct=on on backing
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+
+cache.direct=on on backing-file
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+
+
+cache.writeback=off on none0
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writethrough
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writethrough
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+
+cache.writeback=off on file
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writethrough
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+
+cache.writeback=off on backing
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writethrough
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+
+cache.writeback=off on backing-file
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writethrough
+
+
+cache.no-flush=on on none0
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+
+cache.no-flush=on on file
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+
+cache.no-flush=on on backing
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+
+cache.no-flush=on on backing-file
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+
+--- Change cache mode in parent, child has explicit option in JSON ---
+
+    Cache mode:       writethrough, direct, ignore flushes
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct, ignore flushes
+    Cache mode:       writethrough, ignore flushes
+
+=== Check that referenced BDSes don't inherit ===
+
+
+--- Configure cache modes on the command line ---
+
+cache.direct=on on blk
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+
+cache.direct=on on file
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+
+cache.direct=on on backing
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+
+cache.direct=on on backing-file
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+
+
+cache.writeback=off on blk
+    Cache mode:       writethrough
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+
+cache.writeback=off on file
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writethrough
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+
+cache.writeback=off on backing
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writethrough
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+
+cache.writeback=off on backing-file
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writethrough
+
+
+cache.no-flush=on on blk
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+
+cache.no-flush=on on file
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+
+cache.no-flush=on on backing
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+
+cache.no-flush=on on backing-file
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+
+--- Cache modes after reopen (live snapshot) ---
+
+cache.direct=on on blk
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+
+cache.direct=on on file
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+
+cache.direct=on on backing
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+
+cache.direct=on on backing-file
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+
+
+cache.writeback=off on blk
+    Cache mode:       writethrough
+    Cache mode:       writethrough
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+
+cache.writeback=off on file
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writethrough
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+
+cache.writeback=off on backing
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writethrough
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+
+cache.writeback=off on backing-file
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writethrough
+
+
+cache.no-flush=on on blk
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+
+cache.no-flush=on on file
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+
+cache.no-flush=on on backing
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+
+cache.no-flush=on on backing-file
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+
+--- Change cache modes with reopen (qemu-io command, flags) ---
+
+cache.direct=on on blk
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+
+cache.direct=on on file
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+
+cache.direct=on on backing
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+
+cache.direct=on on backing-file
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+
+
+cache.writeback=off on blk
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+
+cache.writeback=off on file
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writethrough
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+
+cache.writeback=off on backing
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writethrough
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+
+cache.writeback=off on backing-file
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writethrough
+
+
+cache.no-flush=on on blk
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+
+cache.no-flush=on on file
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+
+cache.no-flush=on on backing
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+
+cache.no-flush=on on backing-file
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+
+=== Reopening children instead of the root ===
+
+
+--- Basic reopen ---
+
+cache.direct=on on none0
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+
+cache.direct=on on file
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+
+cache.direct=on on backing
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+
+cache.direct=on on backing-file
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+
+
+cache.writeback=off on none0
+    Cache mode:       writethrough
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writethrough, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+
+cache.writeback=off on file
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writethrough
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+
+cache.writeback=off on backing
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writethrough, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+
+cache.writeback=off on backing-file
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writethrough, direct
+
+
+cache.no-flush=on on none0
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct, ignore flushes
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct, ignore flushes
+
+cache.no-flush=on on file
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+
+cache.no-flush=on on backing
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct, ignore flushes
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct, ignore flushes
+
+cache.no-flush=on on backing-file
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct, ignore flushes
+
+--- Change cache mode after reopening child ---
+
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writethrough
+    Cache mode:       writeback, direct
+    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
+*** done
diff --git a/tests/qemu-iotests/common.config b/tests/qemu-iotests/common.config
index 3ed51b8baa..60bfabf348 100644
--- a/tests/qemu-iotests/common.config
+++ b/tests/qemu-iotests/common.config
@@ -154,11 +154,10 @@ export QEMU_IMG=_qemu_img_wrapper
 export QEMU_IO=_qemu_io_wrapper
 export QEMU_NBD=_qemu_nbd_wrapper
 
-default_machine=$($QEMU -machine \? | awk '/(default)/{print $1}')
-default_alias_machine=$($QEMU -machine \? |\
-    awk -v var_default_machine="$default_machine"\)\
-    '{if ($(NF-2)=="(alias"&&$(NF-1)=="of"&&$(NF)==var_default_machine){print $1}}')
-if [ ! -z "$default_alias_machine" ]; then
+default_machine=$($QEMU -machine help | sed -n '/(default)/ s/ .*//p')
+default_alias_machine=$($QEMU -machine help | \
+   sed -n "/(alias of $default_machine)/ { s/ .*//p; q; }")
+if [[ "$default_alias_machine" ]]; then
     default_machine="$default_alias_machine"
 fi
 
diff --git a/tests/qemu-iotests/group b/tests/qemu-iotests/group
index 5a0880893a..d6e9219e56 100644
--- a/tests/qemu-iotests/group
+++ b/tests/qemu-iotests/group
@@ -134,9 +134,11 @@
 130 rw auto quick
 131 rw auto quick
 132 rw auto quick
+133 auto quick
 134 rw auto quick
 135 rw auto
 136 rw auto
 137 rw auto
 138 rw auto quick
 139 rw auto quick
+142 auto
diff --git a/tests/qemu-iotests/iotests.py b/tests/qemu-iotests/iotests.py
index e02245ed07..0a238ec1b7 100644
--- a/tests/qemu-iotests/iotests.py
+++ b/tests/qemu-iotests/iotests.py
@@ -148,12 +148,12 @@ class VM(object):
     def add_drive(self, path, opts='', interface='virtio'):
         '''Add a virtio-blk drive to the VM'''
         options = ['if=%s' % interface,
-                   'format=%s' % imgfmt,
-                   'cache=%s' % cachemode,
                    'id=drive%d' % self._num_drives]
 
         if path is not None:
             options.append('file=%s' % path)
+            options.append('format=%s' % imgfmt)
+            options.append('cache=%s' % cachemode)
 
         if opts:
             options.append(opts)