qdev: Convert uses of qdev_create() with Coccinelle

This is the transformation explained in the commit before previous.
Takes care of just one pattern that needs conversion.  More to come in
this series.

Coccinelle script:

    @ depends on !(file in "hw/arm/highbank.c")@
    expression bus, type_name, dev, expr;
    @@
    -    dev = qdev_create(bus, type_name);
    +    dev = qdev_new(type_name);
         ... when != dev = expr
    -    qdev_init_nofail(dev);
    +    qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, bus, &error_fatal);

    @@
    expression bus, type_name, dev, expr;
    identifier DOWN;
    @@
    -    dev = DOWN(qdev_create(bus, type_name));
    +    dev = DOWN(qdev_new(type_name));
         ... when != dev = expr
    -    qdev_init_nofail(DEVICE(dev));
    +    qdev_realize_and_unref(DEVICE(dev), bus, &error_fatal);

    @@
    expression bus, type_name, expr;
    identifier dev;
    @@
    -    DeviceState *dev = qdev_create(bus, type_name);
    +    DeviceState *dev = qdev_new(type_name);
         ... when != dev = expr
    -    qdev_init_nofail(dev);
    +    qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, bus, &error_fatal);

    @@
    expression bus, type_name, dev, expr, errp;
    symbol true;
    @@
    -    dev = qdev_create(bus, type_name);
    +    dev = qdev_new(type_name);
         ... when != dev = expr
    -    object_property_set_bool(OBJECT(dev), true, "realized", errp);
    +    qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, bus, errp);

    @@
    expression bus, type_name, expr, errp;
    identifier dev;
    symbol true;
    @@
    -    DeviceState *dev = qdev_create(bus, type_name);
    +    DeviceState *dev = qdev_new(type_name);
         ... when != dev = expr
    -    object_property_set_bool(OBJECT(dev), true, "realized", errp);
    +    qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, bus, errp);

The first rule exempts hw/arm/highbank.c, because it matches along two
control flow paths there, with different @type_name.  Covered by the
next commit's manual conversions.

Missing #include "qapi/error.h" added manually.

Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20200610053247.1583243-10-armbru@redhat.com>
[Conflicts in hw/misc/empty_slot.c and hw/sparc/leon3.c resolved]

33 files changed, 176 insertions, 174 deletions

diff --git a/hw/arm/aspeed.c b/hw/arm/aspeed.c
index ad9f772e06..b08903df33 100644
--- a/hw/arm/aspeed.c
+++ b/hw/arm/aspeed.c
@@ -241,13 +241,14 @@ static void sdhci_attach_drive(SDHCIState *sdhci, DriveInfo *dinfo)
 {
         DeviceState *card;
 
-        card = qdev_create(qdev_get_child_bus(DEVICE(sdhci), "sd-bus"),
-                           TYPE_SD_CARD);
+        card = qdev_new(TYPE_SD_CARD);
         if (dinfo) {
             qdev_prop_set_drive(card, "drive", blk_by_legacy_dinfo(dinfo),
                                 &error_fatal);
         }
-        object_property_set_bool(OBJECT(card), true, "realized", &error_fatal);
+        qdev_realize_and_unref(card,
+                               qdev_get_child_bus(DEVICE(sdhci), "sd-bus"),
+                               &error_fatal);
 }
 
 static void aspeed_machine_init(MachineState *machine)
diff --git a/hw/arm/cubieboard.c b/hw/arm/cubieboard.c
index cd1b6d3e19..4bc4f08caf 100644
--- a/hw/arm/cubieboard.c
+++ b/hw/arm/cubieboard.c
@@ -92,9 +92,9 @@ static void cubieboard_init(MachineState *machine)
     bus = qdev_get_child_bus(DEVICE(a10), "sd-bus");
 
     /* Plug in SD card */
-    carddev = qdev_create(bus, TYPE_SD_CARD);
+    carddev = qdev_new(TYPE_SD_CARD);
     qdev_prop_set_drive(carddev, "drive", blk, &error_fatal);
-    object_property_set_bool(OBJECT(carddev), true, "realized", &error_fatal);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(carddev, bus, &error_fatal);
 
     memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), AW_A10_SDRAM_BASE,
                                 machine->ram);
diff --git a/hw/arm/exynos4210.c b/hw/arm/exynos4210.c
index 1f7253ef6f..9ff1a11f80 100644
--- a/hw/arm/exynos4210.c
+++ b/hw/arm/exynos4210.c
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ static DeviceState *pl330_create(uint32_t base, qemu_or_irq *orgate,
     DeviceState *dev;
     int i;
 
-    dev = qdev_create(NULL, "pl330");
+    dev = qdev_new("pl330");
     qdev_prop_set_uint8(dev, "num_events", nevents);
     qdev_prop_set_uint8(dev, "num_chnls",  8);
     qdev_prop_set_uint8(dev, "num_periph_req",  nreq);
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ static DeviceState *pl330_create(uint32_t base, qemu_or_irq *orgate,
     qdev_prop_set_uint8(dev, "rd_q_dep", 8);
     qdev_prop_set_uint8(dev, "data_width", width);
     qdev_prop_set_uint16(dev, "data_buffer_dep", width);
-    qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
     busdev = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
     sysbus_mmio_map(busdev, 0, base);
 
@@ -232,9 +232,9 @@ static void exynos4210_realize(DeviceState *socdev, Error **errp)
 
     /* IRQ Gate */
     for (i = 0; i < EXYNOS4210_NCPUS; i++) {
-        dev = qdev_create(NULL, "exynos4210.irq_gate");
+        dev = qdev_new("exynos4210.irq_gate");
         qdev_prop_set_uint32(dev, "n_in", EXYNOS4210_IRQ_GATE_NINPUTS);
-        qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+        qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
         /* Get IRQ Gate input in gate_irq */
         for (n = 0; n < EXYNOS4210_IRQ_GATE_NINPUTS; n++) {
             gate_irq[i][n] = qdev_get_gpio_in(dev, n);
@@ -247,9 +247,9 @@ static void exynos4210_realize(DeviceState *socdev, Error **errp)
     }
 
     /* Private memory region and Internal GIC */
-    dev = qdev_create(NULL, TYPE_A9MPCORE_PRIV);
+    dev = qdev_new(TYPE_A9MPCORE_PRIV);
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(dev, "num-cpu", EXYNOS4210_NCPUS);
-    qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
     busdev = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
     sysbus_mmio_map(busdev, 0, EXYNOS4210_SMP_PRIVATE_BASE_ADDR);
     for (n = 0; n < EXYNOS4210_NCPUS; n++) {
@@ -263,9 +263,9 @@ static void exynos4210_realize(DeviceState *socdev, Error **errp)
     sysbus_create_simple("l2x0", EXYNOS4210_L2X0_BASE_ADDR, NULL);
 
     /* External GIC */
-    dev = qdev_create(NULL, "exynos4210.gic");
+    dev = qdev_new("exynos4210.gic");
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(dev, "num-cpu", EXYNOS4210_NCPUS);
-    qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
     busdev = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
     /* Map CPU interface */
     sysbus_mmio_map(busdev, 0, EXYNOS4210_EXT_GIC_CPU_BASE_ADDR);
@@ -279,8 +279,8 @@ static void exynos4210_realize(DeviceState *socdev, Error **errp)
     }
 
     /* Internal Interrupt Combiner */
-    dev = qdev_create(NULL, "exynos4210.combiner");
-    qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+    dev = qdev_new("exynos4210.combiner");
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
     busdev = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
     for (n = 0; n < EXYNOS4210_MAX_INT_COMBINER_OUT_IRQ; n++) {
         sysbus_connect_irq(busdev, n, s->irqs.int_gic_irq[n]);
@@ -289,9 +289,9 @@ static void exynos4210_realize(DeviceState *socdev, Error **errp)
     sysbus_mmio_map(busdev, 0, EXYNOS4210_INT_COMBINER_BASE_ADDR);
 
     /* External Interrupt Combiner */
-    dev = qdev_create(NULL, "exynos4210.combiner");
+    dev = qdev_new("exynos4210.combiner");
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(dev, "external", 1);
-    qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
     busdev = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
     for (n = 0; n < EXYNOS4210_MAX_INT_COMBINER_OUT_IRQ; n++) {
         sysbus_connect_irq(busdev, n, s->irqs.ext_gic_irq[n]);
@@ -353,8 +353,8 @@ static void exynos4210_realize(DeviceState *socdev, Error **errp)
                           NULL);
 
     /* Multi Core Timer */
-    dev = qdev_create(NULL, "exynos4210.mct");
-    qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+    dev = qdev_new("exynos4210.mct");
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
     busdev = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
     for (n = 0; n < 4; n++) {
         /* Connect global timer interrupts to Combiner gpio_in */
@@ -379,8 +379,8 @@ static void exynos4210_realize(DeviceState *socdev, Error **errp)
             i2c_irq = s->irq_table[exynos4210_get_irq(EXYNOS4210_HDMI_INTG, 1)];
         }
 
-        dev = qdev_create(NULL, "exynos4210.i2c");
-        qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+        dev = qdev_new("exynos4210.i2c");
+        qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
         busdev = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
         sysbus_connect_irq(busdev, 0, i2c_irq);
         sysbus_mmio_map(busdev, 0, addr);
@@ -423,9 +423,9 @@ static void exynos4210_realize(DeviceState *socdev, Error **errp)
          * public datasheet which is very similar (implementing
          * MMC Specification Version 4.0 being the only difference noted)
          */
-        dev = qdev_create(NULL, TYPE_S3C_SDHCI);
+        dev = qdev_new(TYPE_S3C_SDHCI);
         qdev_prop_set_uint64(dev, "capareg", EXYNOS4210_SDHCI_CAPABILITIES);
-        qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+        qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
 
         busdev = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
         sysbus_mmio_map(busdev, 0, EXYNOS4210_SDHCI_ADDR(n));
@@ -433,9 +433,10 @@ static void exynos4210_realize(DeviceState *socdev, Error **errp)
 
         di = drive_get(IF_SD, 0, n);
         blk = di ? blk_by_legacy_dinfo(di) : NULL;
-        carddev = qdev_create(qdev_get_child_bus(dev, "sd-bus"), TYPE_SD_CARD);
+        carddev = qdev_new(TYPE_SD_CARD);
         qdev_prop_set_drive(carddev, "drive", blk, &error_abort);
-        qdev_init_nofail(carddev);
+        qdev_realize_and_unref(carddev, qdev_get_child_bus(dev, "sd-bus"),
+                               &error_fatal);
     }
 
     /*** Display controller (FIMD) ***/
diff --git a/hw/arm/exynos4_boards.c b/hw/arm/exynos4_boards.c
index 09da52876d..d4fe9c6128 100644
--- a/hw/arm/exynos4_boards.c
+++ b/hw/arm/exynos4_boards.c
@@ -81,10 +81,10 @@ static void lan9215_init(uint32_t base, qemu_irq irq)
     /* This should be a 9215 but the 9118 is close enough */
     if (nd_table[0].used) {
         qemu_check_nic_model(&nd_table[0], "lan9118");
-        dev = qdev_create(NULL, TYPE_LAN9118);
+        dev = qdev_new(TYPE_LAN9118);
         qdev_set_nic_properties(dev, &nd_table[0]);
         qdev_prop_set_uint32(dev, "mode_16bit", 1);
-        qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+        qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
         s = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
         sysbus_mmio_map(s, 0, base);
         sysbus_connect_irq(s, 0, irq);
diff --git a/hw/arm/imx25_pdk.c b/hw/arm/imx25_pdk.c
index b3ca82bafa..75076f2ea4 100644
--- a/hw/arm/imx25_pdk.c
+++ b/hw/arm/imx25_pdk.c
@@ -130,10 +130,9 @@ static void imx25_pdk_init(MachineState *machine)
         di = drive_get_next(IF_SD);
         blk = di ? blk_by_legacy_dinfo(di) : NULL;
         bus = qdev_get_child_bus(DEVICE(&s->soc.esdhc[i]), "sd-bus");
-        carddev = qdev_create(bus, TYPE_SD_CARD);
+        carddev = qdev_new(TYPE_SD_CARD);
         qdev_prop_set_drive(carddev, "drive", blk, &error_fatal);
-        object_property_set_bool(OBJECT(carddev), true,
-                                 "realized", &error_fatal);
+        qdev_realize_and_unref(carddev, bus, &error_fatal);
     }
 
     /*
diff --git a/hw/arm/integratorcp.c b/hw/arm/integratorcp.c
index 5fb54e5aa7..45698307f1 100644
--- a/hw/arm/integratorcp.c
+++ b/hw/arm/integratorcp.c
@@ -620,9 +620,9 @@ static void integratorcp_init(MachineState *machine)
                              0, ram_size);
     memory_region_add_subregion(address_space_mem, 0x80000000, ram_alias);
 
-    dev = qdev_create(NULL, TYPE_INTEGRATOR_CM);
+    dev = qdev_new(TYPE_INTEGRATOR_CM);
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(dev, "memsz", ram_size >> 20);
-    qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
     sysbus_mmio_map((SysBusDevice *)dev, 0, 0x10000000);
 
     dev = sysbus_create_varargs(TYPE_INTEGRATOR_PIC, 0x14000000,
diff --git a/hw/arm/mcimx6ul-evk.c b/hw/arm/mcimx6ul-evk.c
index 5b5f23a6d4..769fe6d802 100644
--- a/hw/arm/mcimx6ul-evk.c
+++ b/hw/arm/mcimx6ul-evk.c
@@ -54,10 +54,9 @@ static void mcimx6ul_evk_init(MachineState *machine)
         di = drive_get_next(IF_SD);
         blk = di ? blk_by_legacy_dinfo(di) : NULL;
         bus = qdev_get_child_bus(DEVICE(&s->usdhc[i]), "sd-bus");
-        carddev = qdev_create(bus, TYPE_SD_CARD);
+        carddev = qdev_new(TYPE_SD_CARD);
         qdev_prop_set_drive(carddev, "drive", blk, &error_fatal);
-        object_property_set_bool(OBJECT(carddev), true,
-                                 "realized", &error_fatal);
+        qdev_realize_and_unref(carddev, bus, &error_fatal);
     }
 
     if (!qtest_enabled()) {
diff --git a/hw/arm/mcimx7d-sabre.c b/hw/arm/mcimx7d-sabre.c
index 3851cd9e3e..645ad5470f 100644
--- a/hw/arm/mcimx7d-sabre.c
+++ b/hw/arm/mcimx7d-sabre.c
@@ -56,10 +56,9 @@ static void mcimx7d_sabre_init(MachineState *machine)
         di = drive_get_next(IF_SD);
         blk = di ? blk_by_legacy_dinfo(di) : NULL;
         bus = qdev_get_child_bus(DEVICE(&s->usdhc[i]), "sd-bus");
-        carddev = qdev_create(bus, TYPE_SD_CARD);
+        carddev = qdev_new(TYPE_SD_CARD);
         qdev_prop_set_drive(carddev, "drive", blk, &error_fatal);
-        object_property_set_bool(OBJECT(carddev), true,
-                                 "realized", &error_fatal);
+        qdev_realize_and_unref(carddev, bus, &error_fatal);
     }
 
     if (!qtest_enabled()) {
diff --git a/hw/arm/mps2-tz.c b/hw/arm/mps2-tz.c
index 2c43041564..07d11e439f 100644
--- a/hw/arm/mps2-tz.c
+++ b/hw/arm/mps2-tz.c
@@ -246,9 +246,9 @@ static MemoryRegion *make_eth_dev(MPS2TZMachineState *mms, void *opaque,
      * except that it doesn't support the checksum-offload feature.
      */
     qemu_check_nic_model(nd, "lan9118");
-    mms->lan9118 = qdev_create(NULL, TYPE_LAN9118);
+    mms->lan9118 = qdev_new(TYPE_LAN9118);
     qdev_set_nic_properties(mms->lan9118, nd);
-    qdev_init_nofail(mms->lan9118);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(mms->lan9118, NULL, &error_fatal);
 
     s = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(mms->lan9118);
     sysbus_connect_irq(s, 0, get_sse_irq_in(mms, 16));
diff --git a/hw/arm/msf2-som.c b/hw/arm/msf2-som.c
index dbd35b6def..e398703742 100644
--- a/hw/arm/msf2-som.c
+++ b/hw/arm/msf2-som.c
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ static void emcraft_sf2_s2s010_init(MachineState *machine)
                            &error_fatal);
     memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, DDR_BASE_ADDRESS, ddr);
 
-    dev = qdev_create(NULL, TYPE_MSF2_SOC);
+    dev = qdev_new(TYPE_MSF2_SOC);
     qdev_prop_set_string(dev, "part-name", "M2S010");
     qdev_prop_set_string(dev, "cpu-type", mc->default_cpu_type);
 
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ static void emcraft_sf2_s2s010_init(MachineState *machine)
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(dev, "apb0div", 2);
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(dev, "apb1div", 2);
 
-    object_property_set_bool(OBJECT(dev), true, "realized", &error_fatal);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
 
     soc = MSF2_SOC(dev);
 
diff --git a/hw/arm/musicpal.c b/hw/arm/musicpal.c
index 92f33ed87e..d03351e5fa 100644
--- a/hw/arm/musicpal.c
+++ b/hw/arm/musicpal.c
@@ -1651,9 +1651,9 @@ static void musicpal_init(MachineState *machine)
     sysbus_create_simple(TYPE_MV88W8618_FLASHCFG, MP_FLASHCFG_BASE, NULL);
 
     qemu_check_nic_model(&nd_table[0], "mv88w8618");
-    dev = qdev_create(NULL, TYPE_MV88W8618_ETH);
+    dev = qdev_new(TYPE_MV88W8618_ETH);
     qdev_set_nic_properties(dev, &nd_table[0]);
-    qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0, MP_ETH_BASE);
     sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0, pic[MP_ETH_IRQ]);
 
@@ -1688,11 +1688,11 @@ static void musicpal_init(MachineState *machine)
     }
 
     wm8750_dev = i2c_create_slave(i2c, TYPE_WM8750, MP_WM_ADDR);
-    dev = qdev_create(NULL, TYPE_MV88W8618_AUDIO);
+    dev = qdev_new(TYPE_MV88W8618_AUDIO);
     s = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
     object_property_set_link(OBJECT(dev), OBJECT(wm8750_dev),
                              "wm8750", NULL);
-    qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
     sysbus_mmio_map(s, 0, MP_AUDIO_BASE);
     sysbus_connect_irq(s, 0, pic[MP_AUDIO_IRQ]);
 
diff --git a/hw/arm/netduino2.c b/hw/arm/netduino2.c
index e770d9cac8..6bd8e4e197 100644
--- a/hw/arm/netduino2.c
+++ b/hw/arm/netduino2.c
@@ -34,9 +34,9 @@ static void netduino2_init(MachineState *machine)
 {
     DeviceState *dev;
 
-    dev = qdev_create(NULL, TYPE_STM32F205_SOC);
+    dev = qdev_new(TYPE_STM32F205_SOC);
     qdev_prop_set_string(dev, "cpu-type", ARM_CPU_TYPE_NAME("cortex-m3"));
-    object_property_set_bool(OBJECT(dev), true, "realized", &error_fatal);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
 
     armv7m_load_kernel(ARM_CPU(first_cpu), machine->kernel_filename,
                        FLASH_SIZE);
diff --git a/hw/arm/netduinoplus2.c b/hw/arm/netduinoplus2.c
index e5e247edbe..8d4b3d7c43 100644
--- a/hw/arm/netduinoplus2.c
+++ b/hw/arm/netduinoplus2.c
@@ -34,9 +34,9 @@ static void netduinoplus2_init(MachineState *machine)
 {
     DeviceState *dev;
 
-    dev = qdev_create(NULL, TYPE_STM32F405_SOC);
+    dev = qdev_new(TYPE_STM32F405_SOC);
     qdev_prop_set_string(dev, "cpu-type", ARM_CPU_TYPE_NAME("cortex-m4"));
-    object_property_set_bool(OBJECT(dev), true, "realized", &error_fatal);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
 
     armv7m_load_kernel(ARM_CPU(first_cpu),
                        machine->kernel_filename,
diff --git a/hw/arm/nseries.c b/hw/arm/nseries.c
index eae800b5c1..856fa565a4 100644
--- a/hw/arm/nseries.c
+++ b/hw/arm/nseries.c
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ static void n8x0_nand_setup(struct n800_s *s)
     char *otp_region;
     DriveInfo *dinfo;
 
-    s->nand = qdev_create(NULL, "onenand");
+    s->nand = qdev_new("onenand");
     qdev_prop_set_uint16(s->nand, "manufacturer_id", NAND_MFR_SAMSUNG);
     /* Either 0x40 or 0x48 are OK for the device ID */
     qdev_prop_set_uint16(s->nand, "device_id", 0x48);
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ static void n8x0_nand_setup(struct n800_s *s)
         qdev_prop_set_drive(s->nand, "drive", blk_by_legacy_dinfo(dinfo),
                             &error_fatal);
     }
-    qdev_init_nofail(s->nand);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(s->nand, NULL, &error_fatal);
     sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(s->nand), 0,
                        qdev_get_gpio_in(s->mpu->gpio, N8X0_ONENAND_GPIO));
     omap_gpmc_attach(s->mpu->gpmc, N8X0_ONENAND_CS,
@@ -802,9 +802,9 @@ static void n8x0_uart_setup(struct n800_s *s)
 static void n8x0_usb_setup(struct n800_s *s)
 {
     SysBusDevice *dev;
-    s->usb = qdev_create(NULL, "tusb6010");
+    s->usb = qdev_new("tusb6010");
     dev = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(s->usb);
-    qdev_init_nofail(s->usb);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(s->usb, NULL, &error_fatal);
     sysbus_connect_irq(dev, 0,
                        qdev_get_gpio_in(s->mpu->gpio, N8X0_TUSB_INT_GPIO));
     /* Using the NOR interface */
diff --git a/hw/arm/omap1.c b/hw/arm/omap1.c
index 761cc17ea9..c11d6da9d5 100644
--- a/hw/arm/omap1.c
+++ b/hw/arm/omap1.c
@@ -3887,20 +3887,20 @@ struct omap_mpu_state_s *omap310_mpu_init(MemoryRegion *dram,
 
     omap_clkm_init(system_memory, 0xfffece00, 0xe1008000, s);
 
-    s->ih[0] = qdev_create(NULL, "omap-intc");
+    s->ih[0] = qdev_new("omap-intc");
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(s->ih[0], "size", 0x100);
     omap_intc_set_iclk(OMAP_INTC(s->ih[0]), omap_findclk(s, "arminth_ck"));
-    qdev_init_nofail(s->ih[0]);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(s->ih[0], NULL, &error_fatal);
     busdev = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(s->ih[0]);
     sysbus_connect_irq(busdev, 0,
                        qdev_get_gpio_in(DEVICE(s->cpu), ARM_CPU_IRQ));
     sysbus_connect_irq(busdev, 1,
                        qdev_get_gpio_in(DEVICE(s->cpu), ARM_CPU_FIQ));
     sysbus_mmio_map(busdev, 0, 0xfffecb00);
-    s->ih[1] = qdev_create(NULL, "omap-intc");
+    s->ih[1] = qdev_new("omap-intc");
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(s->ih[1], "size", 0x800);
     omap_intc_set_iclk(OMAP_INTC(s->ih[1]), omap_findclk(s, "arminth_ck"));
-    qdev_init_nofail(s->ih[1]);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(s->ih[1], NULL, &error_fatal);
     busdev = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(s->ih[1]);
     sysbus_connect_irq(busdev, 0,
                        qdev_get_gpio_in(s->ih[0], OMAP_INT_15XX_IH2_IRQ));
@@ -4010,10 +4010,10 @@ struct omap_mpu_state_s *omap310_mpu_init(MemoryRegion *dram,
                                qdev_get_gpio_in(s->ih[1], OMAP_INT_MPUIO),
                                s->wakeup, omap_findclk(s, "clk32-kHz"));
 
-    s->gpio = qdev_create(NULL, "omap-gpio");
+    s->gpio = qdev_new("omap-gpio");
     qdev_prop_set_int32(s->gpio, "mpu_model", s->mpu_model);
     omap_gpio_set_clk(OMAP1_GPIO(s->gpio), omap_findclk(s, "arm_gpio_ck"));
-    qdev_init_nofail(s->gpio);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(s->gpio, NULL, &error_fatal);
     sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(s->gpio), 0,
                        qdev_get_gpio_in(s->ih[0], OMAP_INT_GPIO_BANK1));
     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(s->gpio), 0, 0xfffce000);
@@ -4028,10 +4028,10 @@ struct omap_mpu_state_s *omap310_mpu_init(MemoryRegion *dram,
     s->pwt = omap_pwt_init(system_memory, 0xfffb6000,
                            omap_findclk(s, "armxor_ck"));
 
-    s->i2c[0] = qdev_create(NULL, "omap_i2c");
+    s->i2c[0] = qdev_new("omap_i2c");
     qdev_prop_set_uint8(s->i2c[0], "revision", 0x11);
     omap_i2c_set_fclk(OMAP_I2C(s->i2c[0]), omap_findclk(s, "mpuper_ck"));
-    qdev_init_nofail(s->i2c[0]);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(s->i2c[0], NULL, &error_fatal);
     busdev = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(s->i2c[0]);
     sysbus_connect_irq(busdev, 0, qdev_get_gpio_in(s->ih[1], OMAP_INT_I2C));
     sysbus_connect_irq(busdev, 1, s->drq[OMAP_DMA_I2C_TX]);
diff --git a/hw/arm/omap2.c b/hw/arm/omap2.c
index e1c11de5ce..b45ed5c9ec 100644
--- a/hw/arm/omap2.c
+++ b/hw/arm/omap2.c
@@ -2306,11 +2306,11 @@ struct omap_mpu_state_s *omap2420_mpu_init(MemoryRegion *sdram,
     s->l4 = omap_l4_init(sysmem, OMAP2_L4_BASE, 54);
 
     /* Actually mapped at any 2K boundary in the ARM11 private-peripheral if */
-    s->ih[0] = qdev_create(NULL, "omap2-intc");
+    s->ih[0] = qdev_new("omap2-intc");
     qdev_prop_set_uint8(s->ih[0], "revision", 0x21);
     omap_intc_set_fclk(OMAP_INTC(s->ih[0]), omap_findclk(s, "mpu_intc_fclk"));
     omap_intc_set_iclk(OMAP_INTC(s->ih[0]), omap_findclk(s, "mpu_intc_iclk"));
-    qdev_init_nofail(s->ih[0]);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(s->ih[0], NULL, &error_fatal);
     busdev = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(s->ih[0]);
     sysbus_connect_irq(busdev, 0,
                        qdev_get_gpio_in(DEVICE(s->cpu), ARM_CPU_IRQ));
@@ -2423,11 +2423,11 @@ struct omap_mpu_state_s *omap2420_mpu_init(MemoryRegion *sdram,
                     omap_findclk(s, "clk32-kHz"),
                     omap_findclk(s, "core_l4_iclk"));
 
-    s->i2c[0] = qdev_create(NULL, "omap_i2c");
+    s->i2c[0] = qdev_new("omap_i2c");
     qdev_prop_set_uint8(s->i2c[0], "revision", 0x34);
     omap_i2c_set_iclk(OMAP_I2C(s->i2c[0]), omap_findclk(s, "i2c1.iclk"));
     omap_i2c_set_fclk(OMAP_I2C(s->i2c[0]), omap_findclk(s, "i2c1.fclk"));
-    qdev_init_nofail(s->i2c[0]);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(s->i2c[0], NULL, &error_fatal);
     busdev = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(s->i2c[0]);
     sysbus_connect_irq(busdev, 0,
                        qdev_get_gpio_in(s->ih[0], OMAP_INT_24XX_I2C1_IRQ));
@@ -2435,11 +2435,11 @@ struct omap_mpu_state_s *omap2420_mpu_init(MemoryRegion *sdram,
     sysbus_connect_irq(busdev, 2, s->drq[OMAP24XX_DMA_I2C1_RX]);
     sysbus_mmio_map(busdev, 0, omap_l4_region_base(omap_l4tao(s->l4, 5), 0));
 
-    s->i2c[1] = qdev_create(NULL, "omap_i2c");
+    s->i2c[1] = qdev_new("omap_i2c");
     qdev_prop_set_uint8(s->i2c[1], "revision", 0x34);
     omap_i2c_set_iclk(OMAP_I2C(s->i2c[1]), omap_findclk(s, "i2c2.iclk"));
     omap_i2c_set_fclk(OMAP_I2C(s->i2c[1]), omap_findclk(s, "i2c2.fclk"));
-    qdev_init_nofail(s->i2c[1]);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(s->i2c[1], NULL, &error_fatal);
     busdev = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(s->i2c[1]);
     sysbus_connect_irq(busdev, 0,
                        qdev_get_gpio_in(s->ih[0], OMAP_INT_24XX_I2C2_IRQ));
@@ -2447,7 +2447,7 @@ struct omap_mpu_state_s *omap2420_mpu_init(MemoryRegion *sdram,
     sysbus_connect_irq(busdev, 2, s->drq[OMAP24XX_DMA_I2C2_RX]);
     sysbus_mmio_map(busdev, 0, omap_l4_region_base(omap_l4tao(s->l4, 6), 0));
 
-    s->gpio = qdev_create(NULL, "omap2-gpio");
+    s->gpio = qdev_new("omap2-gpio");
     qdev_prop_set_int32(s->gpio, "mpu_model", s->mpu_model);
     omap2_gpio_set_iclk(OMAP2_GPIO(s->gpio), omap_findclk(s, "gpio_iclk"));
     omap2_gpio_set_fclk(OMAP2_GPIO(s->gpio), 0, omap_findclk(s, "gpio1_dbclk"));
@@ -2458,7 +2458,7 @@ struct omap_mpu_state_s *omap2420_mpu_init(MemoryRegion *sdram,
         omap2_gpio_set_fclk(OMAP2_GPIO(s->gpio), 4,
                             omap_findclk(s, "gpio5_dbclk"));
     }
-    qdev_init_nofail(s->gpio);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(s->gpio, NULL, &error_fatal);
     busdev = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(s->gpio);
     sysbus_connect_irq(busdev, 0,
                        qdev_get_gpio_in(s->ih[0], OMAP_INT_24XX_GPIO_BANK1));
diff --git a/hw/arm/orangepi.c b/hw/arm/orangepi.c
index b291715f27..44a333a6eb 100644
--- a/hw/arm/orangepi.c
+++ b/hw/arm/orangepi.c
@@ -94,9 +94,9 @@ static void orangepi_init(MachineState *machine)
     bus = qdev_get_child_bus(DEVICE(h3), "sd-bus");
 
     /* Plug in SD card */
-    carddev = qdev_create(bus, TYPE_SD_CARD);
+    carddev = qdev_new(TYPE_SD_CARD);
     qdev_prop_set_drive(carddev, "drive", blk, &error_fatal);
-    object_property_set_bool(OBJECT(carddev), true, "realized", &error_fatal);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(carddev, bus, &error_fatal);
 
     /* SDRAM */
     memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), h3->memmap[AW_H3_SDRAM],
diff --git a/hw/arm/pxa2xx.c b/hw/arm/pxa2xx.c
index e649f8930c..e21ba1af3e 100644
--- a/hw/arm/pxa2xx.c
+++ b/hw/arm/pxa2xx.c
@@ -1510,10 +1510,10 @@ PXA2xxI2CState *pxa2xx_i2c_init(hwaddr base,
     PXA2xxI2CState *s;
     I2CBus *i2cbus;
 
-    dev = qdev_create(NULL, TYPE_PXA2XX_I2C);
+    dev = qdev_new(TYPE_PXA2XX_I2C);
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(dev, "size", region_size + 1);
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(dev, "offset", base & region_size);
-    qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
 
     i2c_dev = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
     sysbus_mmio_map(i2c_dev, 0, base & ~region_size);
@@ -2073,9 +2073,9 @@ static PXA2xxFIrState *pxa2xx_fir_init(MemoryRegion *sysmem,
     DeviceState *dev;
     SysBusDevice *sbd;
 
-    dev = qdev_create(NULL, TYPE_PXA2XX_FIR);
+    dev = qdev_new(TYPE_PXA2XX_FIR);
     qdev_prop_set_chr(dev, "chardev", chr);
-    qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
     sbd = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
     sysbus_mmio_map(sbd, 0, base);
     sysbus_connect_irq(sbd, 0, irq);
diff --git a/hw/arm/pxa2xx_gpio.c b/hw/arm/pxa2xx_gpio.c
index a01db54a51..27199af43c 100644
--- a/hw/arm/pxa2xx_gpio.c
+++ b/hw/arm/pxa2xx_gpio.c
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 #include "hw/sysbus.h"
 #include "migration/vmstate.h"
 #include "hw/arm/pxa.h"
+#include "qapi/error.h"
 #include "qemu/log.h"
 #include "qemu/module.h"
 
@@ -269,10 +270,10 @@ DeviceState *pxa2xx_gpio_init(hwaddr base,
     CPUState *cs = CPU(cpu);
     DeviceState *dev;
 
-    dev = qdev_create(NULL, TYPE_PXA2XX_GPIO);
+    dev = qdev_new(TYPE_PXA2XX_GPIO);
     qdev_prop_set_int32(dev, "lines", lines);
     qdev_prop_set_int32(dev, "ncpu", cs->cpu_index);
-    qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
 
     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0, base);
     sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0,
diff --git a/hw/arm/pxa2xx_pic.c b/hw/arm/pxa2xx_pic.c
index 203d4d28af..4c451cf540 100644
--- a/hw/arm/pxa2xx_pic.c
+++ b/hw/arm/pxa2xx_pic.c
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
  */
 
 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
+#include "qapi/error.h"
 #include "qemu/module.h"
 #include "cpu.h"
 #include "hw/arm/pxa.h"
@@ -267,7 +268,7 @@ static int pxa2xx_pic_post_load(void *opaque, int version_id)
 
 DeviceState *pxa2xx_pic_init(hwaddr base, ARMCPU *cpu)
 {
-    DeviceState *dev = qdev_create(NULL, TYPE_PXA2XX_PIC);
+    DeviceState *dev = qdev_new(TYPE_PXA2XX_PIC);
     PXA2xxPICState *s = PXA2XX_PIC(dev);
 
     s->cpu = cpu;
@@ -279,7 +280,7 @@ DeviceState *pxa2xx_pic_init(hwaddr base, ARMCPU *cpu)
     s->is_fiq[0] = 0;
     s->is_fiq[1] = 0;
 
-    qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
 
     qdev_init_gpio_in(dev, pxa2xx_pic_set_irq, PXA2XX_PIC_SRCS);
 
diff --git a/hw/arm/raspi.c b/hw/arm/raspi.c
index a2efe0b94d..a8e26a70bb 100644
--- a/hw/arm/raspi.c
+++ b/hw/arm/raspi.c
@@ -297,9 +297,9 @@ static void raspi_machine_init(MachineState *machine)
         error_report("No SD bus found in SOC object");
         exit(1);
     }
-    carddev = qdev_create(bus, TYPE_SD_CARD);
+    carddev = qdev_new(TYPE_SD_CARD);
     qdev_prop_set_drive(carddev, "drive", blk, &error_fatal);
-    object_property_set_bool(OBJECT(carddev), true, "realized", &error_fatal);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(carddev, bus, &error_fatal);
 
     vcram_size = object_property_get_uint(OBJECT(&s->soc), "vcram-size",
                                           &error_abort);
diff --git a/hw/arm/realview.c b/hw/arm/realview.c
index 8fcdf75a2b..128146448c 100644
--- a/hw/arm/realview.c
+++ b/hw/arm/realview.c
@@ -161,16 +161,16 @@ static void realview_init(MachineState *machine,
     }
 
     sys_id = is_pb ? 0x01780500 : 0xc1400400;
-    sysctl = qdev_create(NULL, "realview_sysctl");
+    sysctl = qdev_new("realview_sysctl");
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(sysctl, "sys_id", sys_id);
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(sysctl, "proc_id", proc_id);
-    qdev_init_nofail(sysctl);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(sysctl, NULL, &error_fatal);
     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(sysctl), 0, 0x10000000);
 
     if (is_mpcore) {
-        dev = qdev_create(NULL, is_pb ? TYPE_A9MPCORE_PRIV : "realview_mpcore");
+        dev = qdev_new(is_pb ? TYPE_A9MPCORE_PRIV : "realview_mpcore");
         qdev_prop_set_uint32(dev, "num-cpu", smp_cpus);
-        qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+        qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
         busdev = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
         sysbus_mmio_map(busdev, 0, periphbase);
         for (n = 0; n < smp_cpus; n++) {
@@ -188,9 +188,9 @@ static void realview_init(MachineState *machine,
         pic[n] = qdev_get_gpio_in(dev, n);
     }
 
-    pl041 = qdev_create(NULL, "pl041");
+    pl041 = qdev_new("pl041");
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(pl041, "nc_fifo_depth", 512);
-    qdev_init_nofail(pl041);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(pl041, NULL, &error_fatal);
     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(pl041), 0, 0x10004000);
     sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(pl041), 0, pic[19]);
 
@@ -203,10 +203,10 @@ static void realview_init(MachineState *machine,
     pl011_create(0x1000c000, pic[15], serial_hd(3));
 
     /* DMA controller is optional, apparently.  */
-    dev = qdev_create(NULL, "pl081");
+    dev = qdev_new("pl081");
     object_property_set_link(OBJECT(dev), OBJECT(sysmem), "downstream",
                              &error_fatal);
-    qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
     busdev = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
     sysbus_mmio_map(busdev, 0, 0x10030000);
     sysbus_connect_irq(busdev, 0, pic[24]);
@@ -239,9 +239,9 @@ static void realview_init(MachineState *machine,
     sysbus_create_simple("pl031", 0x10017000, pic[10]);
 
     if (!is_pb) {
-        dev = qdev_create(NULL, "realview_pci");
+        dev = qdev_new("realview_pci");
         busdev = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
-        qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+        qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
         sysbus_mmio_map(busdev, 0, 0x10019000); /* PCI controller registers */
         sysbus_mmio_map(busdev, 1, 0x60000000); /* PCI self-config */
         sysbus_mmio_map(busdev, 2, 0x61000000); /* PCI config */
diff --git a/hw/arm/sbsa-ref.c b/hw/arm/sbsa-ref.c
index 6a0221a681..d68c5d87af 100644
--- a/hw/arm/sbsa-ref.c
+++ b/hw/arm/sbsa-ref.c
@@ -339,7 +339,7 @@ static void create_gic(SBSAMachineState *sms)
 
     gictype = gicv3_class_name();
 
-    sms->gic = qdev_create(NULL, gictype);
+    sms->gic = qdev_new(gictype);
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(sms->gic, "revision", 3);
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(sms->gic, "num-cpu", smp_cpus);
     /*
@@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ static void create_gic(SBSAMachineState *sms)
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(sms->gic, "len-redist-region-count", 1);
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(sms->gic, "redist-region-count[0]", redist0_count);
 
-    qdev_init_nofail(sms->gic);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(sms->gic, NULL, &error_fatal);
     gicbusdev = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(sms->gic);
     sysbus_mmio_map(gicbusdev, 0, sbsa_ref_memmap[SBSA_GIC_DIST].base);
     sysbus_mmio_map(gicbusdev, 1, sbsa_ref_memmap[SBSA_GIC_REDIST].base);
@@ -409,11 +409,11 @@ static void create_uart(const SBSAMachineState *sms, int uart,
 {
     hwaddr base = sbsa_ref_memmap[uart].base;
     int irq = sbsa_ref_irqmap[uart];
-    DeviceState *dev = qdev_create(NULL, TYPE_PL011);
+    DeviceState *dev = qdev_new(TYPE_PL011);
     SysBusDevice *s = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
 
     qdev_prop_set_chr(dev, "chardev", chr);
-    qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
     memory_region_add_subregion(mem, base,
                                 sysbus_mmio_get_region(s, 0));
     sysbus_connect_irq(s, 0, qdev_get_gpio_in(sms->gic, irq));
@@ -464,9 +464,9 @@ static void create_ahci(const SBSAMachineState *sms)
     AHCIState *ahci;
     int i;
 
-    dev = qdev_create(NULL, "sysbus-ahci");
+    dev = qdev_new("sysbus-ahci");
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(dev, "num-ports", NUM_SATA_PORTS);
-    qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0, base);
     sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0, qdev_get_gpio_in(sms->gic, irq));
 
@@ -497,11 +497,11 @@ static void create_smmu(const SBSAMachineState *sms, PCIBus *bus)
     DeviceState *dev;
     int i;
 
-    dev = qdev_create(NULL, "arm-smmuv3");
+    dev = qdev_new("arm-smmuv3");
 
     object_property_set_link(OBJECT(dev), OBJECT(bus), "primary-bus",
                              &error_abort);
-    qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0, base);
     for (i = 0; i < NUM_SMMU_IRQS; i++) {
         sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), i,
@@ -525,8 +525,8 @@ static void create_pcie(SBSAMachineState *sms)
     PCIHostState *pci;
     int i;
 
-    dev = qdev_create(NULL, TYPE_GPEX_HOST);
-    qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+    dev = qdev_new(TYPE_GPEX_HOST);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
 
     /* Map ECAM space */
     ecam_alias = g_new0(MemoryRegion, 1);
diff --git a/hw/arm/spitz.c b/hw/arm/spitz.c
index c28d9b5ed7..edae6bf8be 100644
--- a/hw/arm/spitz.c
+++ b/hw/arm/spitz.c
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ static void sl_flash_register(PXA2xxState *cpu, int size)
 {
     DeviceState *dev;
 
-    dev = qdev_create(NULL, TYPE_SL_NAND);
+    dev = qdev_new(TYPE_SL_NAND);
 
     qdev_prop_set_uint8(dev, "manf_id", NAND_MFR_SAMSUNG);
     if (size == FLASH_128M)
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ static void sl_flash_register(PXA2xxState *cpu, int size)
     else if (size == FLASH_1024M)
         qdev_prop_set_uint8(dev, "chip_id", 0xf1);
 
-    qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0, FLASH_BASE);
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/arm/stellaris.c b/hw/arm/stellaris.c
index d136ba1a92..f824cbd498 100644
--- a/hw/arm/stellaris.c
+++ b/hw/arm/stellaris.c
@@ -1308,14 +1308,14 @@ static void stellaris_init(MachineState *ms, stellaris_board_info *board)
                            &error_fatal);
     memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, 0x20000000, sram);
 
-    nvic = qdev_create(NULL, TYPE_ARMV7M);
+    nvic = qdev_new(TYPE_ARMV7M);
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(nvic, "num-irq", NUM_IRQ_LINES);
     qdev_prop_set_string(nvic, "cpu-type", ms->cpu_type);
     qdev_prop_set_bit(nvic, "enable-bitband", true);
     object_property_set_link(OBJECT(nvic), OBJECT(get_system_memory()),
                                      "memory", &error_abort);
     /* This will exit with an error if the user passed us a bad cpu_type */
-    qdev_init_nofail(nvic);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(nvic, NULL, &error_fatal);
 
     qdev_connect_gpio_out_named(nvic, "SYSRESETREQ", 0,
                                 qemu_allocate_irq(&do_sys_reset, NULL, 0));
@@ -1347,13 +1347,13 @@ static void stellaris_init(MachineState *ms, stellaris_board_info *board)
 
 
     if (board->dc1 & (1 << 3)) { /* watchdog present */
-        dev = qdev_create(NULL, TYPE_LUMINARY_WATCHDOG);
+        dev = qdev_new(TYPE_LUMINARY_WATCHDOG);
 
         /* system_clock_scale is valid now */
         uint32_t mainclk = NANOSECONDS_PER_SECOND / system_clock_scale;
         qdev_prop_set_uint32(dev, "wdogclk-frq", mainclk);
 
-        qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+        qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
         sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev),
                         0,
                         0x40000000u);
@@ -1425,9 +1425,9 @@ static void stellaris_init(MachineState *ms, stellaris_board_info *board)
 
         qemu_check_nic_model(&nd_table[0], "stellaris");
 
-        enet = qdev_create(NULL, "stellaris_enet");
+        enet = qdev_new("stellaris_enet");
         qdev_set_nic_properties(enet, &nd_table[0]);
-        qdev_init_nofail(enet);
+        qdev_realize_and_unref(enet, NULL, &error_fatal);
         sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(enet), 0, 0x40048000);
         sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(enet), 0, qdev_get_gpio_in(nvic, 42));
     }
diff --git a/hw/arm/strongarm.c b/hw/arm/strongarm.c
index 3010d765bb..108ed8d147 100644
--- a/hw/arm/strongarm.c
+++ b/hw/arm/strongarm.c
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@
 #include "chardev/char-serial.h"
 #include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
 #include "hw/ssi/ssi.h"
+#include "qapi/error.h"
 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
 #include "qemu/log.h"
 
@@ -644,8 +645,8 @@ static DeviceState *strongarm_gpio_init(hwaddr base,
     DeviceState *dev;
     int i;
 
-    dev = qdev_create(NULL, TYPE_STRONGARM_GPIO);
-    qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+    dev = qdev_new(TYPE_STRONGARM_GPIO);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
 
     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0, base);
     for (i = 0; i < 12; i++)
@@ -1626,9 +1627,9 @@ StrongARMState *sa1110_init(const char *cpu_type)
     s->ppc = sysbus_create_varargs(TYPE_STRONGARM_PPC, 0x90060000, NULL);
 
     for (i = 0; sa_serial[i].io_base; i++) {
-        DeviceState *dev = qdev_create(NULL, TYPE_STRONGARM_UART);
+        DeviceState *dev = qdev_new(TYPE_STRONGARM_UART);
         qdev_prop_set_chr(dev, "chardev", serial_hd(i));
-        qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+        qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
         sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0,
                 sa_serial[i].io_base);
         sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0,
diff --git a/hw/arm/versatilepb.c b/hw/arm/versatilepb.c
index f3c4a50b19..154fa72f33 100644
--- a/hw/arm/versatilepb.c
+++ b/hw/arm/versatilepb.c
@@ -223,10 +223,10 @@ static void versatile_init(MachineState *machine, int board_id)
     /* SDRAM at address zero.  */
     memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, 0, machine->ram);
 
-    sysctl = qdev_create(NULL, "realview_sysctl");
+    sysctl = qdev_new("realview_sysctl");
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(sysctl, "sys_id", 0x41007004);
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(sysctl, "proc_id", 0x02000000);
-    qdev_init_nofail(sysctl);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(sysctl, NULL, &error_fatal);
     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(sysctl), 0, 0x10000000);
 
     dev = sysbus_create_varargs("pl190", 0x10140000,
@@ -245,9 +245,9 @@ static void versatile_init(MachineState *machine, int board_id)
     sysbus_create_simple("pl050_keyboard", 0x10006000, sic[3]);
     sysbus_create_simple("pl050_mouse", 0x10007000, sic[4]);
 
-    dev = qdev_create(NULL, "versatile_pci");
+    dev = qdev_new("versatile_pci");
     busdev = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
-    qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
     sysbus_mmio_map(busdev, 0, 0x10001000); /* PCI controller regs */
     sysbus_mmio_map(busdev, 1, 0x41000000); /* PCI self-config */
     sysbus_mmio_map(busdev, 2, 0x42000000); /* PCI config */
@@ -286,10 +286,10 @@ static void versatile_init(MachineState *machine, int board_id)
     pl011_create(0x101f3000, pic[14], serial_hd(2));
     pl011_create(0x10009000, sic[6], serial_hd(3));
 
-    dev = qdev_create(NULL, "pl080");
+    dev = qdev_new("pl080");
     object_property_set_link(OBJECT(dev), OBJECT(sysmem), "downstream",
                              &error_fatal);
-    qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
     busdev = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
     sysbus_mmio_map(busdev, 0, 0x10130000);
     sysbus_connect_irq(busdev, 0, pic[17]);
@@ -319,9 +319,9 @@ static void versatile_init(MachineState *machine, int board_id)
     i2c_create_slave(i2c, "ds1338", 0x68);
 
     /* Add PL041 AACI Interface to the LM4549 codec */
-    pl041 = qdev_create(NULL, "pl041");
+    pl041 = qdev_new("pl041");
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(pl041, "nc_fifo_depth", 512);
-    qdev_init_nofail(pl041);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(pl041, NULL, &error_fatal);
     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(pl041), 0, 0x10004000);
     sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(pl041), 0, sic[24]);
 
diff --git a/hw/arm/vexpress.c b/hw/arm/vexpress.c
index 69ee4988f9..ef29e9f5ae 100644
--- a/hw/arm/vexpress.c
+++ b/hw/arm/vexpress.c
@@ -236,9 +236,9 @@ static void init_cpus(MachineState *ms, const char *cpu_type,
      * this must happen after the CPUs are created because a15mpcore_priv
      * wires itself up to the CPU's generic_timer gpio out lines.
      */
-    dev = qdev_create(NULL, privdev);
+    dev = qdev_new(privdev);
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(dev, "num-cpu", smp_cpus);
-    qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
     busdev = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
     sysbus_mmio_map(busdev, 0, periphbase);
 
@@ -514,7 +514,7 @@ static void vexpress_modify_dtb(const struct arm_boot_info *info, void *fdt)
 static PFlashCFI01 *ve_pflash_cfi01_register(hwaddr base, const char *name,
                                              DriveInfo *di)
 {
-    DeviceState *dev = qdev_create(NULL, TYPE_PFLASH_CFI01);
+    DeviceState *dev = qdev_new(TYPE_PFLASH_CFI01);
 
     if (di) {
         qdev_prop_set_drive(dev, "drive", blk_by_legacy_dinfo(di),
@@ -532,7 +532,7 @@ static PFlashCFI01 *ve_pflash_cfi01_register(hwaddr base, const char *name,
     qdev_prop_set_uint16(dev, "id2", 0x00);
     qdev_prop_set_uint16(dev, "id3", 0x00);
     qdev_prop_set_string(dev, "name", name);
-    qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
 
     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0, base);
     return PFLASH_CFI01(dev);
@@ -593,7 +593,7 @@ static void vexpress_common_init(MachineState *machine)
 
     sys_id = 0x1190f500;
 
-    sysctl = qdev_create(NULL, "realview_sysctl");
+    sysctl = qdev_new("realview_sysctl");
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(sysctl, "sys_id", sys_id);
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(sysctl, "proc_id", daughterboard->proc_id);
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(sysctl, "len-db-voltage",
@@ -610,15 +610,15 @@ static void vexpress_common_init(MachineState *machine)
         qdev_prop_set_uint32(sysctl, propname, daughterboard->clocks[i]);
         g_free(propname);
     }
-    qdev_init_nofail(sysctl);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(sysctl, NULL, &error_fatal);
     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(sysctl), 0, map[VE_SYSREGS]);
 
     /* VE_SP810: not modelled */
     /* VE_SERIALPCI: not modelled */
 
-    pl041 = qdev_create(NULL, "pl041");
+    pl041 = qdev_new("pl041");
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(pl041, "nc_fifo_depth", 512);
-    qdev_init_nofail(pl041);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(pl041, NULL, &error_fatal);
     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(pl041), 0, map[VE_PL041]);
     sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(pl041), 0, pic[11]);
 
diff --git a/hw/arm/virt.c b/hw/arm/virt.c
index 37462a6f78..154cd24731 100644
--- a/hw/arm/virt.c
+++ b/hw/arm/virt.c
@@ -572,14 +572,14 @@ static inline DeviceState *create_acpi_ged(VirtMachineState *vms)
         event |= ACPI_GED_NVDIMM_HOTPLUG_EVT;
     }
 
-    dev = qdev_create(NULL, TYPE_ACPI_GED);
+    dev = qdev_new(TYPE_ACPI_GED);
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(dev, "ged-event", event);
 
     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0, vms->memmap[VIRT_ACPI_GED].base);
     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 1, vms->memmap[VIRT_PCDIMM_ACPI].base);
     sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0, qdev_get_gpio_in(vms->gic, irq));
 
-    qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
 
     return dev;
 }
@@ -594,11 +594,11 @@ static void create_its(VirtMachineState *vms)
         return;
     }
 
-    dev = qdev_create(NULL, itsclass);
+    dev = qdev_new(itsclass);
 
     object_property_set_link(OBJECT(dev), OBJECT(vms->gic), "parent-gicv3",
                              &error_abort);
-    qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0, vms->memmap[VIRT_GIC_ITS].base);
 
     fdt_add_its_gic_node(vms);
@@ -610,11 +610,11 @@ static void create_v2m(VirtMachineState *vms)
     int irq = vms->irqmap[VIRT_GIC_V2M];
     DeviceState *dev;
 
-    dev = qdev_create(NULL, "arm-gicv2m");
+    dev = qdev_new("arm-gicv2m");
     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0, vms->memmap[VIRT_GIC_V2M].base);
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(dev, "base-spi", irq);
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(dev, "num-spi", NUM_GICV2M_SPIS);
-    qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
 
     for (i = 0; i < NUM_GICV2M_SPIS; i++) {
         sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), i,
@@ -636,7 +636,7 @@ static void create_gic(VirtMachineState *vms)
 
     gictype = (type == 3) ? gicv3_class_name() : gic_class_name();
 
-    vms->gic = qdev_create(NULL, gictype);
+    vms->gic = qdev_new(gictype);
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(vms->gic, "revision", type);
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(vms->gic, "num-cpu", smp_cpus);
     /* Note that the num-irq property counts both internal and external
@@ -671,7 +671,7 @@ static void create_gic(VirtMachineState *vms)
                               vms->virt);
         }
     }
-    qdev_init_nofail(vms->gic);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(vms->gic, NULL, &error_fatal);
     gicbusdev = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(vms->gic);
     sysbus_mmio_map(gicbusdev, 0, vms->memmap[VIRT_GIC_DIST].base);
     if (type == 3) {
@@ -754,11 +754,11 @@ static void create_uart(const VirtMachineState *vms, int uart,
     int irq = vms->irqmap[uart];
     const char compat[] = "arm,pl011\0arm,primecell";
     const char clocknames[] = "uartclk\0apb_pclk";
-    DeviceState *dev = qdev_create(NULL, TYPE_PL011);
+    DeviceState *dev = qdev_new(TYPE_PL011);
     SysBusDevice *s = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
 
     qdev_prop_set_chr(dev, "chardev", chr);
-    qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
     memory_region_add_subregion(mem, base,
                                 sysbus_mmio_get_region(s, 0));
     sysbus_connect_irq(s, 0, qdev_get_gpio_in(vms->gic, irq));
@@ -1173,11 +1173,11 @@ static void create_smmu(const VirtMachineState *vms,
         return;
     }
 
-    dev = qdev_create(NULL, "arm-smmuv3");
+    dev = qdev_new("arm-smmuv3");
 
     object_property_set_link(OBJECT(dev), OBJECT(bus), "primary-bus",
                              &error_abort);
-    qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0, base);
     for (i = 0; i < NUM_SMMU_IRQS; i++) {
         sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), i,
@@ -1253,8 +1253,8 @@ static void create_pcie(VirtMachineState *vms)
     int i, ecam_id;
     PCIHostState *pci;
 
-    dev = qdev_create(NULL, TYPE_GPEX_HOST);
-    qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+    dev = qdev_new(TYPE_GPEX_HOST);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
 
     ecam_id = VIRT_ECAM_ID(vms->highmem_ecam);
     base_ecam = vms->memmap[ecam_id].base;
@@ -1372,11 +1372,11 @@ static void create_platform_bus(VirtMachineState *vms)
     int i;
     MemoryRegion *sysmem = get_system_memory();
 
-    dev = qdev_create(NULL, TYPE_PLATFORM_BUS_DEVICE);
+    dev = qdev_new(TYPE_PLATFORM_BUS_DEVICE);
     dev->id = TYPE_PLATFORM_BUS_DEVICE;
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(dev, "num_irqs", PLATFORM_BUS_NUM_IRQS);
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(dev, "mmio_size", vms->memmap[VIRT_PLATFORM_BUS].size);
-    qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
     vms->platform_bus_dev = dev;
 
     s = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
diff --git a/hw/arm/xilinx_zynq.c b/hw/arm/xilinx_zynq.c
index cb933efb49..5fbd2b2e31 100644
--- a/hw/arm/xilinx_zynq.c
+++ b/hw/arm/xilinx_zynq.c
@@ -114,12 +114,12 @@ static void gem_init(NICInfo *nd, uint32_t base, qemu_irq irq)
     DeviceState *dev;
     SysBusDevice *s;
 
-    dev = qdev_create(NULL, TYPE_CADENCE_GEM);
+    dev = qdev_new(TYPE_CADENCE_GEM);
     if (nd->used) {
         qemu_check_nic_model(nd, TYPE_CADENCE_GEM);
         qdev_set_nic_properties(dev, nd);
     }
-    qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
     s = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
     sysbus_mmio_map(s, 0, base);
     sysbus_connect_irq(s, 0, irq);
@@ -136,11 +136,11 @@ static inline void zynq_init_spi_flashes(uint32_t base_addr, qemu_irq irq,
     int num_busses =  is_qspi ? NUM_QSPI_BUSSES : 1;
     int num_ss = is_qspi ? NUM_QSPI_FLASHES : NUM_SPI_FLASHES;
 
-    dev = qdev_create(NULL, is_qspi ? "xlnx.ps7-qspi" : "xlnx.ps7-spi");
+    dev = qdev_new(is_qspi ? "xlnx.ps7-qspi" : "xlnx.ps7-spi");
     qdev_prop_set_uint8(dev, "num-txrx-bytes", is_qspi ? 4 : 1);
     qdev_prop_set_uint8(dev, "num-ss-bits", num_ss);
     qdev_prop_set_uint8(dev, "num-busses", num_busses);
-    qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
     busdev = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
     sysbus_mmio_map(busdev, 0, base_addr);
     if (is_qspi) {
@@ -222,8 +222,8 @@ static void zynq_init(MachineState *machine)
                           0);
 
     /* Create slcr, keep a pointer to connect clocks */
-    slcr = qdev_create(NULL, "xilinx,zynq_slcr");
-    qdev_init_nofail(slcr);
+    slcr = qdev_new("xilinx,zynq_slcr");
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(slcr, NULL, &error_fatal);
     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(slcr), 0, 0xF8000000);
 
     /* Create the main clock source, and feed slcr with it */
@@ -234,9 +234,9 @@ static void zynq_init(MachineState *machine)
     clock_set_hz(zynq_machine->ps_clk, PS_CLK_FREQUENCY);
     qdev_connect_clock_in(slcr, "ps_clk", zynq_machine->ps_clk);
 
-    dev = qdev_create(NULL, TYPE_A9MPCORE_PRIV);
+    dev = qdev_new(TYPE_A9MPCORE_PRIV);
     qdev_prop_set_uint32(dev, "num-cpu", 1);
-    qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
     busdev = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
     sysbus_mmio_map(busdev, 0, MPCORE_PERIPHBASE);
     sysbus_connect_irq(busdev, 0,
@@ -280,27 +280,27 @@ static void zynq_init(MachineState *machine)
          * - SDIO Specification Version 2.0
          * - MMC Specification Version 3.31
          */
-        dev = qdev_create(NULL, TYPE_SYSBUS_SDHCI);
+        dev = qdev_new(TYPE_SYSBUS_SDHCI);
         qdev_prop_set_uint8(dev, "sd-spec-version", 2);
         qdev_prop_set_uint64(dev, "capareg", ZYNQ_SDHCI_CAPABILITIES);
-        qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+        qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
         sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0, hci_addr);
         sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0, pic[hci_irq - IRQ_OFFSET]);
 
         di = drive_get_next(IF_SD);
         blk = di ? blk_by_legacy_dinfo(di) : NULL;
-        carddev = qdev_create(qdev_get_child_bus(dev, "sd-bus"), TYPE_SD_CARD);
+        carddev = qdev_new(TYPE_SD_CARD);
         qdev_prop_set_drive(carddev, "drive", blk, &error_fatal);
-        object_property_set_bool(OBJECT(carddev), true, "realized",
-                                 &error_fatal);
+        qdev_realize_and_unref(carddev, qdev_get_child_bus(dev, "sd-bus"),
+                               &error_fatal);
     }
 
-    dev = qdev_create(NULL, TYPE_ZYNQ_XADC);
-    qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+    dev = qdev_new(TYPE_ZYNQ_XADC);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0, 0xF8007100);
     sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0, pic[39-IRQ_OFFSET]);
 
-    dev = qdev_create(NULL, "pl330");
+    dev = qdev_new("pl330");
     qdev_prop_set_uint8(dev, "num_chnls",  8);
     qdev_prop_set_uint8(dev, "num_periph_req",  4);
     qdev_prop_set_uint8(dev, "num_events",  16);
@@ -312,7 +312,7 @@ static void zynq_init(MachineState *machine)
     qdev_prop_set_uint8(dev, "rd_q_dep",  16);
     qdev_prop_set_uint16(dev, "data_buffer_dep",  256);
 
-    qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
     busdev = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
     sysbus_mmio_map(busdev, 0, 0xF8003000);
     sysbus_connect_irq(busdev, 0, pic[45-IRQ_OFFSET]); /* abort irq line */
@@ -320,8 +320,8 @@ static void zynq_init(MachineState *machine)
         sysbus_connect_irq(busdev, n + 1, pic[dma_irqs[n] - IRQ_OFFSET]);
     }
 
-    dev = qdev_create(NULL, "xlnx.ps7-dev-cfg");
-    qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+    dev = qdev_new("xlnx.ps7-dev-cfg");
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
     busdev = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev);
     sysbus_connect_irq(busdev, 0, pic[40 - IRQ_OFFSET]);
     sysbus_mmio_map(busdev, 0, 0xF8007000);
diff --git a/hw/arm/xlnx-versal-virt.c b/hw/arm/xlnx-versal-virt.c
index 43a71e2eea..fb37b235fe 100644
--- a/hw/arm/xlnx-versal-virt.c
+++ b/hw/arm/xlnx-versal-virt.c
@@ -432,9 +432,9 @@ static void create_virtio_regions(VersalVirt *s)
         qemu_irq pic_irq;
 
         pic_irq = qdev_get_gpio_in(DEVICE(&s->soc.fpd.apu.gic), irq);
-        dev = qdev_create(NULL, "virtio-mmio");
+        dev = qdev_new("virtio-mmio");
         object_property_add_child(OBJECT(&s->soc), name, OBJECT(dev));
-        qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+        qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
         sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0, pic_irq);
         mr = sysbus_mmio_get_region(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0);
         memory_region_add_subregion(&s->soc.mr_ps, base, mr);
@@ -463,10 +463,11 @@ static void sd_plugin_card(SDHCIState *sd, DriveInfo *di)
     BlockBackend *blk = di ? blk_by_legacy_dinfo(di) : NULL;
     DeviceState *card;
 
-    card = qdev_create(qdev_get_child_bus(DEVICE(sd), "sd-bus"), TYPE_SD_CARD);
+    card = qdev_new(TYPE_SD_CARD);
     object_property_add_child(OBJECT(sd), "card[*]", OBJECT(card));
     qdev_prop_set_drive(card, "drive", blk, &error_fatal);
-    object_property_set_bool(OBJECT(card), true, "realized", &error_fatal);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(card, qdev_get_child_bus(DEVICE(sd), "sd-bus"),
+                           &error_fatal);
 }
 
 static void versal_virt_init(MachineState *machine)
diff --git a/hw/arm/xlnx-versal.c b/hw/arm/xlnx-versal.c
index 809a31390f..c3d47bb9e9 100644
--- a/hw/arm/xlnx-versal.c
+++ b/hw/arm/xlnx-versal.c
@@ -304,13 +304,13 @@ static void versal_unimp_area(Versal *s, const char *name,
                                 MemoryRegion *mr,
                                 hwaddr base, hwaddr size)
 {
-    DeviceState *dev = qdev_create(NULL, TYPE_UNIMPLEMENTED_DEVICE);
+    DeviceState *dev = qdev_new(TYPE_UNIMPLEMENTED_DEVICE);
     MemoryRegion *mr_dev;
 
     qdev_prop_set_string(dev, "name", name);
     qdev_prop_set_uint64(dev, "size", size);
     object_property_add_child(OBJECT(s), name, OBJECT(dev));
-    qdev_init_nofail(dev);
+    qdev_realize_and_unref(dev, NULL, &error_fatal);
 
     mr_dev = sysbus_mmio_get_region(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0);
     memory_region_add_subregion(mr, base, mr_dev);
diff --git a/hw/arm/xlnx-zcu102.c b/hw/arm/xlnx-zcu102.c
index b01e575b58..4229b2d936 100644
--- a/hw/arm/xlnx-zcu102.c
+++ b/hw/arm/xlnx-zcu102.c
@@ -143,10 +143,9 @@ static void xlnx_zcu102_init(MachineState *machine)
             error_report("No SD bus found for SD card %d", i);
             exit(1);
         }
-        carddev = qdev_create(bus, TYPE_SD_CARD);
+        carddev = qdev_new(TYPE_SD_CARD);
         qdev_prop_set_drive(carddev, "drive", blk, &error_fatal);
-        object_property_set_bool(OBJECT(carddev), true, "realized",
-                                 &error_fatal);
+        qdev_realize_and_unref(carddev, bus, &error_fatal);
     }
 
     for (i = 0; i < XLNX_ZYNQMP_NUM_SPIS; i++) {