docs: provide documentation on the POWER9 XIVE interrupt controller

This documents the overall XIVE architecture and the XIVE support for
sPAPR guest machines (pseries).

It also provides documentation on the 'info pic' command.

Signed-off-by: Cédric Le Goater <clg@kaod.org>
Message-Id: <20190521082411.24719-1-clg@kaod.org>
Reviewed-by: Satheesh Rajendran <sathnaga@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Greg Kurz <groug@kaod.org>
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>

1 files changed, 174 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/docs/specs/ppc-spapr-xive.rst b/docs/specs/ppc-spapr-xive.rst
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..539ce7ca4e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/specs/ppc-spapr-xive.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+XIVE for sPAPR (pseries machines)
+=================================
+
+The POWER9 processor comes with a new interrupt controller
+architecture, called XIVE as "eXternal Interrupt Virtualization
+Engine". It supports a larger number of interrupt sources and offers
+virtualization features which enables the HW to deliver interrupts
+directly to virtual processors without hypervisor assistance.
+
+A QEMU ``pseries`` machine (which is PAPR compliant) using POWER9
+processors can run under two interrupt modes:
+
+- *Legacy Compatibility Mode*
+
+  the hypervisor provides identical interfaces and similar
+  functionality to PAPR+ Version 2.7.  This is the default mode
+
+  It is also referred as *XICS* in QEMU.
+
+- *XIVE native exploitation mode*
+
+  the hypervisor provides new interfaces to manage the XIVE control
+  structures, and provides direct control for interrupt management
+  through MMIO pages.
+
+Which interrupt modes can be used by the machine is negotiated with
+the guest O/S during the Client Architecture Support negotiation
+sequence. The two modes are mutually exclusive.
+
+Both interrupt mode share the same IRQ number space. See below for the
+layout.
+
+CAS Negotiation
+---------------
+
+QEMU advertises the supported interrupt modes in the device tree
+property "ibm,arch-vec-5-platform-support" in byte 23 and the OS
+Selection for XIVE is indicated in the "ibm,architecture-vec-5"
+property byte 23.
+
+The interrupt modes supported by the machine depend on the CPU type
+(POWER9 is required for XIVE) but also on the machine property
+``ic-mode`` which can be set on the command line. It can take the
+following values: ``xics``, ``xive``, ``dual`` and currently ``xics``
+is the default but it may change in the future.
+
+The choosen interrupt mode is activated after a reconfiguration done
+in a machine reset.
+
+XIVE Device tree properties
+---------------------------
+
+The properties for the PAPR interrupt controller node when the *XIVE
+native exploitation mode* is selected shoud contain:
+
+- ``device_type``
+
+  value should be "power-ivpe".
+
+- ``compatible``
+
+  value should be "ibm,power-ivpe".
+
+- ``reg``
+
+  contains the base address and size of the thread interrupt
+  managnement areas (TIMA), for the User level and for the Guest OS
+  level. Only the Guest OS level is taken into account today.
+
+- ``ibm,xive-eq-sizes``
+
+  the size of the event queues. One cell per size supported, contains
+  log2 of size, in ascending order.
+
+- ``ibm,xive-lisn-ranges``
+
+  the IRQ interrupt number ranges assigned to the guest for the IPIs.
+
+The root node also exports :
+
+- ``ibm,plat-res-int-priorities``
+
+  contains a list of priorities that the hypervisor has reserved for
+  its own use.
+
+IRQ number space
+----------------
+
+IRQ Number space of the ``pseries`` machine is 8K wide and is the same
+for both interrupt mode. The different ranges are defined as follow :
+
+- ``0x0000 .. 0x0FFF`` 4K CPU IPIs (only used under XIVE)
+- ``0x1000 .. 0x1000`` 1 EPOW
+- ``0x1001 .. 0x1001`` 1 HOTPLUG
+- ``0x1100 .. 0x11FF`` 256 VIO devices
+- ``0x1200 .. 0x127F`` 32 PHBs devices
+- ``0x1280 .. 0x12FF`` unused
+- ``0x1300 .. 0x1FFF`` PHB MSIs
+
+Monitoring XIVE
+---------------
+
+The state of the XIVE interrupt controller can be queried through the
+monitor commands ``info pic``. The output comes in two parts.
+
+First, the state of the thread interrupt context registers is dumped
+for each CPU :
+
+::
+
+   (qemu) info pic
+   CPU[0000]:   QW   NSR CPPR IPB LSMFB ACK# INC AGE PIPR  W2
+   CPU[0000]: USER    00   00  00    00   00  00  00   00  00000000
+   CPU[0000]:   OS    00   ff  00    00   ff  00  ff   ff  80000400
+   CPU[0000]: POOL    00   00  00    00   00  00  00   00  00000000
+   CPU[0000]: PHYS    00   00  00    00   00  00  00   ff  00000000
+   ...
+
+In the case of a ``pseries`` machine, QEMU acts as the hypervisor and only
+the O/S and USER register rings make sense. ``W2`` contains the vCPU CAM
+line which is set to the VP identifier.
+
+Then comes the routing information which aggregates the EAS and the
+END configuration:
+
+::
+
+   ...
+   LISN         PQ    EISN     CPU/PRIO EQ
+   00000000 MSI --    00000010   0/6    380/16384 @1fe3e0000 ^1 [ 80000010 ... ]
+   00000001 MSI --    00000010   1/6    305/16384 @1fc230000 ^1 [ 80000010 ... ]
+   00000002 MSI --    00000010   2/6    220/16384 @1fc2f0000 ^1 [ 80000010 ... ]
+   00000003 MSI --    00000010   3/6    201/16384 @1fc390000 ^1 [ 80000010 ... ]
+   00000004 MSI -Q  M 00000000
+   00000005 MSI -Q  M 00000000
+   00000006 MSI -Q  M 00000000
+   00000007 MSI -Q  M 00000000
+   00001000 MSI --    00000012   0/6    380/16384 @1fe3e0000 ^1 [ 80000010 ... ]
+   00001001 MSI --    00000013   0/6    380/16384 @1fe3e0000 ^1 [ 80000010 ... ]
+   00001100 MSI --    00000100   1/6    305/16384 @1fc230000 ^1 [ 80000010 ... ]
+   00001101 MSI -Q  M 00000000
+   00001200 LSI -Q  M 00000000
+   00001201 LSI -Q  M 00000000
+   00001202 LSI -Q  M 00000000
+   00001203 LSI -Q  M 00000000
+   00001300 MSI --    00000102   1/6    305/16384 @1fc230000 ^1 [ 80000010 ... ]
+   00001301 MSI --    00000103   2/6    220/16384 @1fc2f0000 ^1 [ 80000010 ... ]
+   00001302 MSI --    00000104   3/6    201/16384 @1fc390000 ^1 [ 80000010 ... ]
+
+The source information and configuration:
+
+- The ``LISN`` column outputs the interrupt number of the source in
+  range ``[ 0x0 ... 0x1FFF ]`` and its type : ``MSI`` or ``LSI``
+- The ``PQ`` column reflects the state of the PQ bits of the source :
+
+  - ``--`` source is ready to take events
+  - ``P-`` an event was sent and an EOI is PENDING
+  - ``PQ`` an event was QUEUED
+  - ``-Q`` source is OFF
+
+  a ``M`` indicates that source is *MASKED* at the EAS level,
+
+The targeting configuration :
+
+- The ``EISN`` column is the event data that will be queued in the event
+  queue of the O/S.
+- The ``CPU/PRIO`` column is the tuple defining the CPU number and
+  priority queue serving the source.
+- The ``EQ`` column outputs :
+
+  - the current index of the event queue/ the max number of entries
+  - the O/S event queue address
+  - the toggle bit
+  - the last entries that were pushed in the event queue.