Merge remote-tracking branch 'remotes/kevin/tags/for-upstream' into staging

Block layer patches and object-add QAPIfication

- QAPIfy object-add and --object
- stream: Fail gracefully if permission is denied
- storage-daemon: Fix crash on quit when job is still running
- curl: Fix use after free
- char: Deprecate backend aliases, fix QMP query-chardev-backends
- Fix image creation option defaults that exist in both the format and
  the protocol layer (e.g. 'cluster_size' in qcow2 and rbd; the qcow2
  default was incorrectly applied to the rbd layer)

# gpg: Signature made Fri 19 Mar 2021 09:18:22 GMT
# gpg:                using RSA key DC3DEB159A9AF95D3D7456FE7F09B272C88F2FD6
# gpg:                issuer "kwolf@redhat.com"
# gpg: Good signature from "Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>" [full]
# Primary key fingerprint: DC3D EB15 9A9A F95D 3D74  56FE 7F09 B272 C88F 2FD6

* remotes/kevin/tags/for-upstream: (42 commits)
  vl: allow passing JSON to -object
  qom: move user_creatable_add_opts logic to vl.c and QAPIfy it
  tests: convert check-qom-proplist to keyval
  qom: Support JSON in HMP object_add and tools --object
  char: Simplify chardev_name_foreach()
  char: Deprecate backend aliases 'tty' and 'parport'
  char: Skip CLI aliases in query-chardev-backends
  qom: Add user_creatable_parse_str()
  hmp: QAPIfy object_add
  qemu-img: Use user_creatable_process_cmdline() for --object
  qom: Add user_creatable_add_from_str()
  qemu-nbd: Use user_creatable_process_cmdline() for --object
  qemu-io: Use user_creatable_process_cmdline() for --object
  qom: Factor out user_creatable_process_cmdline()
  qom: Remove user_creatable_add_dict()
  qemu-storage-daemon: Implement --object with qmp_object_add()
  qom: Make "object" QemuOptsList optional
  qapi/qom: QAPIfy object-add
  qapi/qom: Add ObjectOptions for x-remote-object
  qapi/qom: Add ObjectOptions for input-*
  ...

Signed-off-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>

35 files changed, 1517 insertions, 681 deletions

diff --git a/block.c b/block.c
index f377158c42..c5b887cec1 100644
--- a/block.c
+++ b/block.c
@@ -670,14 +670,48 @@ out:
 
 int bdrv_create_file(const char *filename, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
 {
+    QemuOpts *protocol_opts;
     BlockDriver *drv;
+    QDict *qdict;
+    int ret;
 
     drv = bdrv_find_protocol(filename, true, errp);
     if (drv == NULL) {
         return -ENOENT;
     }
 
-    return bdrv_create(drv, filename, opts, errp);
+    if (!drv->create_opts) {
+        error_setg(errp, "Driver '%s' does not support image creation",
+                   drv->format_name);
+        return -ENOTSUP;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * 'opts' contains a QemuOptsList with a combination of format and protocol
+     * default values.
+     *
+     * The format properly removes its options, but the default values remain
+     * in 'opts->list'.  So if the protocol has options with the same name
+     * (e.g. rbd has 'cluster_size' as qcow2), it will see the default values
+     * of the format, since for overlapping options, the format wins.
+     *
+     * To avoid this issue, lets convert QemuOpts to QDict, in this way we take
+     * only the set options, and then convert it back to QemuOpts, using the
+     * create_opts of the protocol. So the new QemuOpts, will contain only the
+     * protocol defaults.
+     */
+    qdict = qemu_opts_to_qdict(opts, NULL);
+    protocol_opts = qemu_opts_from_qdict(drv->create_opts, qdict, errp);
+    if (protocol_opts == NULL) {
+        ret = -EINVAL;
+        goto out;
+    }
+
+    ret = bdrv_create(drv, filename, protocol_opts, errp);
+out:
+    qemu_opts_del(protocol_opts);
+    qobject_unref(qdict);
+    return ret;
 }
 
 int coroutine_fn bdrv_co_delete_file(BlockDriverState *bs, Error **errp)
diff --git a/block/curl.c b/block/curl.c
index 4ff895df8f..50e741a0d7 100644
--- a/block/curl.c
+++ b/block/curl.c
@@ -78,8 +78,7 @@ typedef struct CURLAIOCB {
 
 typedef struct CURLSocket {
     int fd;
-    struct CURLState *state;
-    QLIST_ENTRY(CURLSocket) next;
+    struct BDRVCURLState *s;
 } CURLSocket;
 
 typedef struct CURLState
@@ -87,7 +86,6 @@ typedef struct CURLState
     struct BDRVCURLState *s;
     CURLAIOCB *acb[CURL_NUM_ACB];
     CURL *curl;
-    QLIST_HEAD(, CURLSocket) sockets;
     char *orig_buf;
     uint64_t buf_start;
     size_t buf_off;
@@ -102,6 +100,7 @@ typedef struct BDRVCURLState {
     QEMUTimer timer;
     uint64_t len;
     CURLState states[CURL_NUM_STATES];
+    GHashTable *sockets; /* GINT_TO_POINTER(fd) -> socket */
     char *url;
     size_t readahead_size;
     bool sslverify;
@@ -120,6 +119,21 @@ typedef struct BDRVCURLState {
 static void curl_clean_state(CURLState *s);
 static void curl_multi_do(void *arg);
 
+static gboolean curl_drop_socket(void *key, void *value, void *opaque)
+{
+    CURLSocket *socket = value;
+    BDRVCURLState *s = socket->s;
+
+    aio_set_fd_handler(s->aio_context, socket->fd, false,
+                       NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
+    return true;
+}
+
+static void curl_drop_all_sockets(GHashTable *sockets)
+{
+    g_hash_table_foreach_remove(sockets, curl_drop_socket, NULL);
+}
+
 /* Called from curl_multi_do_locked, with s->mutex held.  */
 static int curl_timer_cb(CURLM *multi, long timeout_ms, void *opaque)
 {
@@ -147,16 +161,12 @@ static int curl_sock_cb(CURL *curl, curl_socket_t fd, int action,
     curl_easy_getinfo(curl, CURLINFO_PRIVATE, (char **)&state);
     s = state->s;
 
-    QLIST_FOREACH(socket, &state->sockets, next) {
-        if (socket->fd == fd) {
-            break;
-        }
-    }
+    socket = g_hash_table_lookup(s->sockets, GINT_TO_POINTER(fd));
     if (!socket) {
         socket = g_new0(CURLSocket, 1);
         socket->fd = fd;
-        socket->state = state;
-        QLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&state->sockets, socket, next);
+        socket->s = s;
+        g_hash_table_insert(s->sockets, GINT_TO_POINTER(fd), socket);
     }
 
     trace_curl_sock_cb(action, (int)fd);
@@ -180,8 +190,7 @@ static int curl_sock_cb(CURL *curl, curl_socket_t fd, int action,
     }
 
     if (action == CURL_POLL_REMOVE) {
-        QLIST_REMOVE(socket, next);
-        g_free(socket);
+        g_hash_table_remove(s->sockets, GINT_TO_POINTER(fd));
     }
 
     return 0;
@@ -385,7 +394,7 @@ static void curl_multi_check_completion(BDRVCURLState *s)
 /* Called with s->mutex held.  */
 static void curl_multi_do_locked(CURLSocket *socket)
 {
-    BDRVCURLState *s = socket->state->s;
+    BDRVCURLState *s = socket->s;
     int running;
     int r;
 
@@ -401,7 +410,7 @@ static void curl_multi_do_locked(CURLSocket *socket)
 static void curl_multi_do(void *arg)
 {
     CURLSocket *socket = arg;
-    BDRVCURLState *s = socket->state->s;
+    BDRVCURLState *s = socket->s;
 
     qemu_mutex_lock(&s->mutex);
     curl_multi_do_locked(socket);
@@ -498,7 +507,6 @@ static int curl_init_state(BDRVCURLState *s, CURLState *state)
 #endif
     }
 
-    QLIST_INIT(&state->sockets);
     state->s = s;
 
     return 0;
@@ -515,13 +523,6 @@ static void curl_clean_state(CURLState *s)
     if (s->s->multi)
         curl_multi_remove_handle(s->s->multi, s->curl);
 
-    while (!QLIST_EMPTY(&s->sockets)) {
-        CURLSocket *socket = QLIST_FIRST(&s->sockets);
-
-        QLIST_REMOVE(socket, next);
-        g_free(socket);
-    }
-
     s->in_use = 0;
 
     qemu_co_enter_next(&s->s->free_state_waitq, &s->s->mutex);
@@ -539,6 +540,7 @@ static void curl_detach_aio_context(BlockDriverState *bs)
     int i;
 
     WITH_QEMU_LOCK_GUARD(&s->mutex) {
+        curl_drop_all_sockets(s->sockets);
         for (i = 0; i < CURL_NUM_STATES; i++) {
             if (s->states[i].in_use) {
                 curl_clean_state(&s->states[i]);
@@ -745,6 +747,7 @@ static int curl_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
     qemu_co_queue_init(&s->free_state_waitq);
     s->aio_context = bdrv_get_aio_context(bs);
     s->url = g_strdup(file);
+    s->sockets = g_hash_table_new_full(NULL, NULL, NULL, g_free);
     qemu_mutex_lock(&s->mutex);
     state = curl_find_state(s);
     qemu_mutex_unlock(&s->mutex);
@@ -818,6 +821,8 @@ out_noclean:
     g_free(s->username);
     g_free(s->proxyusername);
     g_free(s->proxypassword);
+    curl_drop_all_sockets(s->sockets);
+    g_hash_table_destroy(s->sockets);
     qemu_opts_del(opts);
     return -EINVAL;
 }
@@ -916,6 +921,7 @@ static void curl_close(BlockDriverState *bs)
     curl_detach_aio_context(bs);
     qemu_mutex_destroy(&s->mutex);
 
+    g_hash_table_destroy(s->sockets);
     g_free(s->cookie);
     g_free(s->url);
     g_free(s->username);
diff --git a/block/export/vhost-user-blk-server.c b/block/export/vhost-user-blk-server.c
index cb5d896b7b..fa06996d37 100644
--- a/block/export/vhost-user-blk-server.c
+++ b/block/export/vhost-user-blk-server.c
@@ -345,8 +345,7 @@ static uint64_t vu_blk_get_features(VuDev *dev)
 
 static uint64_t vu_blk_get_protocol_features(VuDev *dev)
 {
-    return 1ull << VHOST_USER_PROTOCOL_F_CONFIG |
-           1ull << VHOST_USER_PROTOCOL_F_INFLIGHT_SHMFD;
+    return 1ull << VHOST_USER_PROTOCOL_F_CONFIG;
 }
 
 static int
diff --git a/block/stream.c b/block/stream.c
index 1fa742b0db..97bee482dc 100644
--- a/block/stream.c
+++ b/block/stream.c
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ void stream_start(const char *job_id, BlockDriverState *bs,
                   const char *filter_node_name,
                   Error **errp)
 {
-    StreamBlockJob *s;
+    StreamBlockJob *s = NULL;
     BlockDriverState *iter;
     bool bs_read_only;
     int basic_flags = BLK_PERM_CONSISTENT_READ | BLK_PERM_WRITE_UNCHANGED;
@@ -214,6 +214,7 @@ void stream_start(const char *job_id, BlockDriverState *bs,
     BlockDriverState *cor_filter_bs = NULL;
     BlockDriverState *above_base;
     QDict *opts;
+    int ret;
 
     assert(!(base && bottom));
     assert(!(backing_file_str && bottom));
@@ -303,7 +304,7 @@ void stream_start(const char *job_id, BlockDriverState *bs,
      * queried only at the job start and then cached.
      */
     if (block_job_add_bdrv(&s->common, "active node", bs, 0,
-                           basic_flags | BLK_PERM_WRITE, &error_abort)) {
+                           basic_flags | BLK_PERM_WRITE, errp)) {
         goto fail;
     }
 
@@ -320,8 +321,11 @@ void stream_start(const char *job_id, BlockDriverState *bs,
     for (iter = bdrv_filter_or_cow_bs(bs); iter != base;
          iter = bdrv_filter_or_cow_bs(iter))
     {
-        block_job_add_bdrv(&s->common, "intermediate node", iter, 0,
-                           basic_flags, &error_abort);
+        ret = block_job_add_bdrv(&s->common, "intermediate node", iter, 0,
+                                 basic_flags, errp);
+        if (ret < 0) {
+            goto fail;
+        }
     }
 
     s->base_overlay = base_overlay;
@@ -337,6 +341,9 @@ void stream_start(const char *job_id, BlockDriverState *bs,
     return;
 
 fail:
+    if (s) {
+        job_early_fail(&s->common.job);
+    }
     if (cor_filter_bs) {
         bdrv_cor_filter_drop(cor_filter_bs);
     }
diff --git a/chardev/char.c b/chardev/char.c
index 97cafd6849..140d6d9d36 100644
--- a/chardev/char.c
+++ b/chardev/char.c
@@ -534,9 +534,10 @@ static const ChardevClass *char_get_class(const char *driver, Error **errp)
     return cc;
 }
 
-static const struct ChardevAlias {
+static struct ChardevAlias {
     const char *typename;
     const char *alias;
+    bool deprecation_warning_printed;
 } chardev_alias_table[] = {
 #ifdef HAVE_CHARDEV_PARPORT
     { "parallel", "parport" },
@@ -565,16 +566,12 @@ chardev_class_foreach(ObjectClass *klass, void *opaque)
 }
 
 static void
-chardev_name_foreach(void (*fn)(const char *name, void *opaque), void *opaque)
+chardev_name_foreach(void (*fn)(const char *name, void *opaque),
+                     void *opaque)
 {
     ChadevClassFE fe = { .fn = fn, .opaque = opaque };
-    int i;
 
     object_class_foreach(chardev_class_foreach, TYPE_CHARDEV, false, &fe);
-
-    for (i = 0; i < (int)ARRAY_SIZE(chardev_alias_table); i++) {
-        fn(chardev_alias_table[i].alias, opaque);
-    }
 }
 
 static void
@@ -590,6 +587,11 @@ static const char *chardev_alias_translate(const char *name)
     int i;
     for (i = 0; i < (int)ARRAY_SIZE(chardev_alias_table); i++) {
         if (g_strcmp0(chardev_alias_table[i].alias, name) == 0) {
+            if (!chardev_alias_table[i].deprecation_warning_printed) {
+                warn_report("The alias '%s' is deprecated, use '%s' instead",
+                            name, chardev_alias_table[i].typename);
+                chardev_alias_table[i].deprecation_warning_printed = true;
+            }
             return chardev_alias_table[i].typename;
         }
     }
@@ -801,8 +803,9 @@ static void
 qmp_prepend_backend(const char *name, void *opaque)
 {
     ChardevBackendInfoList **list = opaque;
-    ChardevBackendInfo *value = g_new0(ChardevBackendInfo, 1);
+    ChardevBackendInfo *value;
 
+    value = g_new0(ChardevBackendInfo, 1);
     value->name = g_strdup(name);
     QAPI_LIST_PREPEND(*list, value);
 }
diff --git a/docs/system/deprecated.rst b/docs/system/deprecated.rst
index d5e80d66eb..dfc12eef51 100644
--- a/docs/system/deprecated.rst
+++ b/docs/system/deprecated.rst
@@ -46,6 +46,12 @@ needs two devices (``-device intel-hda -device hda-duplex``) and
 ``pcspk`` which can be activated using ``-machine
 pcspk-audiodev=<name>``.
 
+``-chardev`` backend aliases ``tty`` and ``parport`` (since 6.0)
+''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
+
+``tty`` and ``parport`` are aliases that will be removed. Instead, the
+actual backend names ``serial`` and ``parallel`` should be used.
+
 RISC-V ``-bios`` (since 5.1)
 ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
 
@@ -153,6 +159,26 @@ the process listing. This is replaced by the new ``password-secret``
 option which lets the password be securely provided on the command
 line using a ``secret`` object instance.
 
+``opened`` property of ``rng-*`` objects (since 6.0.0)
+''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
+
+The only effect of specifying ``opened=on`` in the command line or QMP
+``object-add`` is that the device is opened immediately, possibly before all
+other options have been processed.  This will either have no effect (if
+``opened`` was the last option) or cause errors.  The property is therefore
+useless and should not be specified.
+
+``loaded`` property of ``secret`` and ``secret_keyring`` objects (since 6.0.0)
+''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
+
+The only effect of specifying ``loaded=on`` in the command line or QMP
+``object-add`` is that the secret is loaded immediately, possibly before all
+other options have been processed.  This will either have no effect (if
+``loaded`` was the last option) or cause options to be effectively ignored as
+if they were not given.  The property is therefore useless and should not be
+specified.
+
+
 QEMU Machine Protocol (QMP) commands
 ------------------------------------
 
@@ -186,11 +212,6 @@ Use argument value ``null`` instead.
 
 Use arguments ``base-node`` and ``top-node`` instead.
 
-``object-add`` option ``props`` (since 5.0)
-'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
-
-Specify the properties for the object as top-level arguments instead.
-
 ``nbd-server-add`` and ``nbd-server-remove`` (since 5.2)
 ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
 
diff --git a/docs/system/removed-features.rst b/docs/system/removed-features.rst
index bff16b7b05..d0244fb22e 100644
--- a/docs/system/removed-features.rst
+++ b/docs/system/removed-features.rst
@@ -143,6 +143,11 @@ field of the ``BlockDeviceInfo`` struct should be used instead, which is the
 type of the ``inserted`` field in query-block replies, as well as the
 type of array items in query-named-block-nodes.
 
+``object-add`` option ``props`` (removed in 6.0)
+''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
+
+Specify the properties for the object as top-level arguments instead.
+
 Human Monitor Protocol (HMP) commands
 -------------------------------------
 
diff --git a/docs/tools/qemu-img.rst b/docs/tools/qemu-img.rst
index b615aa8419..c9efcfaefc 100644
--- a/docs/tools/qemu-img.rst
+++ b/docs/tools/qemu-img.rst
@@ -404,7 +404,7 @@ Command description:
   The following table sumarizes all exit codes of the compare subcommand:
 
   0
-    Images are identical
+    Images are identical (or requested help was printed)
   1
     Images differ
   2
diff --git a/hmp-commands.hx b/hmp-commands.hx
index 2bbe133bb6..9b88c45174 100644
--- a/hmp-commands.hx
+++ b/hmp-commands.hx
@@ -1292,7 +1292,7 @@ ERST
 
     {
         .name       = "object_add",
-        .args_type  = "object:O",
+        .args_type  = "object:S",
         .params     = "[qom-type=]type,id=str[,prop=value][,...]",
         .help       = "create QOM object",
         .cmd        = hmp_object_add,
diff --git a/hw/block/xen-block.c b/hw/block/xen-block.c
index a3b69e2709..ac82d54063 100644
--- a/hw/block/xen-block.c
+++ b/hw/block/xen-block.c
@@ -836,17 +836,17 @@ static XenBlockIOThread *xen_block_iothread_create(const char *id,
 {
     ERRP_GUARD();
     XenBlockIOThread *iothread = g_new(XenBlockIOThread, 1);
-    QDict *opts;
-    QObject *ret_data = NULL;
+    ObjectOptions *opts;
 
     iothread->id = g_strdup(id);
 
-    opts = qdict_new();
-    qdict_put_str(opts, "qom-type", TYPE_IOTHREAD);
-    qdict_put_str(opts, "id", id);
-    qmp_object_add(opts, &ret_data, errp);
-    qobject_unref(opts);
-    qobject_unref(ret_data);
+    opts = g_new(ObjectOptions, 1);
+    *opts = (ObjectOptions) {
+        .qom_type = OBJECT_TYPE_IOTHREAD,
+        .id = g_strdup(id),
+    };
+    qmp_object_add(opts, errp);
+    qapi_free_ObjectOptions(opts);
 
     if (*errp) {
         g_free(iothread->id);
diff --git a/include/qom/object_interfaces.h b/include/qom/object_interfaces.h
index 07d5cc8832..81541e2080 100644
--- a/include/qom/object_interfaces.h
+++ b/include/qom/object_interfaces.h
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 #define OBJECT_INTERFACES_H
 
 #include "qom/object.h"
+#include "qapi/qapi-types-qom.h"
 #include "qapi/visitor.h"
 
 #define TYPE_USER_CREATABLE "user-creatable"
@@ -87,67 +88,60 @@ Object *user_creatable_add_type(const char *type, const char *id,
                                 Visitor *v, Error **errp);
 
 /**
- * user_creatable_add_dict:
- * @qdict: the object definition
- * @keyval: if true, use a keyval visitor for processing @qdict (i.e.
- *          assume that all @qdict values are strings); otherwise, use
- *          the normal QObject visitor (i.e. assume all @qdict values
- *          have the QType expected by the QOM object type)
+ * user_creatable_add_qapi:
+ * @options: the object definition
  * @errp: if an error occurs, a pointer to an area to store the error
  *
- * Create an instance of the user creatable object that is defined by
- * @qdict.  The object type is taken from the QDict key 'qom-type', its
- * ID from the key 'id'. The remaining entries in @qdict are used to
- * initialize the object properties.
- *
- * Returns: %true on success, %false on failure.
+ * Create an instance of the user creatable object according to the
+ * options passed in @opts as described in the QAPI schema documentation.
  */
-bool user_creatable_add_dict(QDict *qdict, bool keyval, Error **errp);
+void user_creatable_add_qapi(ObjectOptions *options, Error **errp);
 
 /**
- * user_creatable_add_opts:
- * @opts: the object definition
+ * user_creatable_parse_str:
+ * @optarg: the object definition string as passed on the command line
  * @errp: if an error occurs, a pointer to an area to store the error
  *
- * Create an instance of the user creatable object whose type
- * is defined in @opts by the 'qom-type' option, placing it
- * in the object composition tree with name provided by the
- * 'id' field. The remaining options in @opts are used to
- * initialize the object properties.
+ * Parses the option for the user creatable object with a keyval parser and
+ * implicit key 'qom-type', converting the result to ObjectOptions.
  *
- * Returns: the newly created object or NULL on error
+ * If a help option is given, print help instead.
+ *
+ * Returns: ObjectOptions on success, NULL when an error occurred (*errp is set
+ * then) or help was printed (*errp is not set).
  */
-Object *user_creatable_add_opts(QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp);
-
+ObjectOptions *user_creatable_parse_str(const char *optarg, Error **errp);
 
 /**
- * user_creatable_add_opts_predicate:
- * @type: the QOM type to be added
+ * user_creatable_add_from_str:
+ * @optarg: the object definition string as passed on the command line
+ * @errp: if an error occurs, a pointer to an area to store the error
+ *
+ * Create an instance of the user creatable object by parsing optarg
+ * with a keyval parser and implicit key 'qom-type', converting the
+ * result to ObjectOptions and calling into qmp_object_add().
  *
- * A callback function to determine whether an object
- * of type @type should be created. Instances of this
- * callback should be passed to user_creatable_add_opts_foreach
+ * If a help option is given, print help instead.
+ *
+ * Returns: true when an object was successfully created, false when an error
+ * occurred (*errp is set then) or help was printed (*errp is not set).
  */
-typedef bool (*user_creatable_add_opts_predicate)(const char *type);
+bool user_creatable_add_from_str(const char *optarg, Error **errp);
 
 /**
- * user_creatable_add_opts_foreach:
- * @opaque: a user_creatable_add_opts_predicate callback or NULL
- * @opts: options to create
- * @errp: unused
+ * user_creatable_process_cmdline:
+ * @optarg: the object definition string as passed on the command line
  *
- * An iterator callback to be used in conjunction with
- * the qemu_opts_foreach() method for creating a list of
- * objects from a set of QemuOpts
+ * Create an instance of the user creatable object by parsing optarg
+ * with a keyval parser and implicit key 'qom-type', converting the
+ * result to ObjectOptions and calling into qmp_object_add().
  *
- * The @opaque parameter can be passed a user_creatable_add_opts_predicate
- * callback to filter which types of object are created during iteration.
- * When it fails, report the error.
+ * If a help option is given, print help instead and exit.
  *
- * Returns: 0 on success, -1 when an error was reported.
+ * This function is only meant to be called during command line parsing.
+ * It exits the process on failure or after printing help.
  */
-int user_creatable_add_opts_foreach(void *opaque,
-                                    QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp);
+void user_creatable_process_cmdline(const char *optarg);
 
 /**
  * user_creatable_print_help:
@@ -164,19 +158,6 @@ int user_creatable_add_opts_foreach(void *opaque,
 bool user_creatable_print_help(const char *type, QemuOpts *opts);
 
 /**
- * user_creatable_print_help_from_qdict:
- * @args: options to create
- *
- * Prints help considering the other options given in @args (if "qom-type" is
- * given and valid, print properties for the type, otherwise print valid types)
- *
- * In contrast to user_creatable_print_help(), this function can't return that
- * no help was requested. It should only be called if we know that help is
- * requested and it will always print some help.
- */
-void user_creatable_print_help_from_qdict(QDict *args);
-
-/**
  * user_creatable_del:
  * @id: the unique ID for the object
  * @errp: if an error occurs, a pointer to an area to store the error
@@ -196,11 +177,4 @@ bool user_creatable_del(const char *id, Error **errp);
  */
 void user_creatable_cleanup(void);
 
-/**
- * qmp_object_add:
- *
- * QMP command handler for object-add. See the QAPI schema for documentation.
- */
-void qmp_object_add(QDict *qdict, QObject **ret_data, Error **errp);
-
 #endif
diff --git a/monitor/hmp-cmds.c b/monitor/hmp-cmds.c
index 8a47ba8fbb..0ad5b77477 100644
--- a/monitor/hmp-cmds.c
+++ b/monitor/hmp-cmds.c
@@ -1636,24 +1636,11 @@ void hmp_netdev_del(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict)
 
 void hmp_object_add(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict)
 {
+    const char *options = qdict_get_str(qdict, "object");
     Error *err = NULL;
-    QemuOpts *opts;
-    Object *obj = NULL;
-
-    opts = qemu_opts_from_qdict(qemu_find_opts("object"), qdict, &err);
-    if (err) {
-        goto end;
-    }
 
-    obj = user_creatable_add_opts(opts, &err);
-    qemu_opts_del(opts);
-
-end:
+    user_creatable_add_from_str(options, &err);
     hmp_handle_error(mon, err);
-
-    if (obj) {
-        object_unref(obj);
-    }
 }
 
 void hmp_getfd(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict)
diff --git a/monitor/misc.c b/monitor/misc.c
index d9ed2bacef..b103bd0a92 100644
--- a/monitor/misc.c
+++ b/monitor/misc.c
@@ -235,8 +235,6 @@ static void monitor_init_qmp_commands(void)
                          qmp_query_qmp_schema, QCO_ALLOW_PRECONFIG);
     qmp_register_command(&qmp_commands, "device_add", qmp_device_add,
                          QCO_NO_OPTIONS);
-    qmp_register_command(&qmp_commands, "object-add", qmp_object_add,
-                         QCO_NO_OPTIONS);
 
     QTAILQ_INIT(&qmp_cap_negotiation_commands);
     qmp_register_command(&qmp_cap_negotiation_commands, "qmp_capabilities",
diff --git a/qapi/authz.json b/qapi/authz.json
index 42afe752d1..51845e37cc 100644
--- a/qapi/authz.json
+++ b/qapi/authz.json
@@ -50,12 +50,63 @@
            '*format': 'QAuthZListFormat'}}
 
 ##
-# @QAuthZListRuleListHack:
+# @AuthZListProperties:
 #
-# Not exposed via QMP; hack to generate QAuthZListRuleList
-# for use internally by the code.
+# Properties for authz-list objects.
+#
+# @policy: Default policy to apply when no rule matches (default: deny)
+#
+# @rules: Authorization rules based on matching user
+#
+# Since: 4.0
+##
+{ 'struct': 'AuthZListProperties',
+  'data': { '*policy': 'QAuthZListPolicy',
+            '*rules': ['QAuthZListRule'] } }
+
+##
+# @AuthZListFileProperties:
+#
+# Properties for authz-listfile objects.
+#
+# @filename: File name to load the configuration from. The file must
+#            contain valid JSON for AuthZListProperties.
+#
+# @refresh: If true, inotify is used to monitor the file, automatically
+#           reloading changes. If an error occurs during reloading, all
+#           authorizations will fail until the file is next successfully
+#           loaded. (default: true if the binary was built with
+#           CONFIG_INOTIFY1, false otherwise)
+#
+# Since: 4.0
+##
+{ 'struct': 'AuthZListFileProperties',
+  'data': { 'filename': 'str',
+            '*refresh': 'bool' } }
+
+##
+# @AuthZPAMProperties:
+#
+# Properties for authz-pam objects.
+#
+# @service: PAM service name to use for authorization
+#
+# Since: 4.0
+##
+{ 'struct': 'AuthZPAMProperties',
+  'data': { 'service': 'str' } }
+
+##
+# @AuthZSimpleProperties:
+#
+# Properties for authz-simple objects.
+#
+# @identity: Identifies the allowed user. Its format depends on the network
+#            service that authorization object is associated with. For
+#            authorizing based on TLS x509 certificates, the identity must be
+#            the x509 distinguished name.
 #
 # Since: 4.0
 ##
-{ 'struct': 'QAuthZListRuleListHack',
-  'data': { 'unused': ['QAuthZListRule'] } }
+{ 'struct': 'AuthZSimpleProperties',
+  'data': { 'identity': 'str' } }
diff --git a/qapi/block-core.json b/qapi/block-core.json
index 0399449e13..1c3f1deb03 100644
--- a/qapi/block-core.json
+++ b/qapi/block-core.json
@@ -2443,6 +2443,33 @@
             '*iops-size' : 'int' } }
 
 ##
+# @ThrottleGroupProperties:
+#
+# Properties for throttle-group objects.
+#
+# The options starting with x- are aliases for the same key without x- in
+# the @limits object. As indicated by the x- prefix, this is not a stable
+# interface and may be removed or changed incompatibly in the future. Use
+# @limits for a supported stable interface.
+#
+# @limits: limits to apply for this throttle group
+#
+# Since: 2.11
+##
+{ 'struct': 'ThrottleGroupProperties',
+  'data': { '*limits': 'ThrottleLimits',
+            '*x-iops-total' : 'int', '*x-iops-total-max' : 'int',
+            '*x-iops-total-max-length' : 'int', '*x-iops-read' : 'int',
+            '*x-iops-read-max' : 'int', '*x-iops-read-max-length' : 'int',
+            '*x-iops-write' : 'int', '*x-iops-write-max' : 'int',
+            '*x-iops-write-max-length' : 'int', '*x-bps-total' : 'int',
+            '*x-bps-total-max' : 'int', '*x-bps-total-max-length' : 'int',
+            '*x-bps-read' : 'int', '*x-bps-read-max' : 'int',
+            '*x-bps-read-max-length' : 'int', '*x-bps-write' : 'int',
+            '*x-bps-write-max' : 'int', '*x-bps-write-max-length' : 'int',
+            '*x-iops-size' : 'int' } }
+
+##
 # @block-stream:
 #
 # Copy data from a backing file into a block device.
diff --git a/qapi/common.json b/qapi/common.json
index 716712d4b3..7c976296f0 100644
--- a/qapi/common.json
+++ b/qapi/common.json
@@ -145,3 +145,55 @@
 ##
 { 'enum': 'PCIELinkWidth',
   'data': [ '1', '2', '4', '8', '12', '16', '32' ] }
+
+##
+# @HostMemPolicy:
+#
+# Host memory policy types
+#
+# @default: restore default policy, remove any nondefault policy
+#
+# @preferred: set the preferred host nodes for allocation
+#
+# @bind: a strict policy that restricts memory allocation to the
+#        host nodes specified
+#
+# @interleave: memory allocations are interleaved across the set
+#              of host nodes specified
+#
+# Since: 2.1
+##
+{ 'enum': 'HostMemPolicy',
+  'data': [ 'default', 'preferred', 'bind', 'interleave' ] }
+
+##
+# @NetFilterDirection:
+#
+# Indicates whether a netfilter is attached to a netdev's transmit queue or
+# receive queue or both.
+#
+# @all: the filter is attached both to the receive and the transmit
+#       queue of the netdev (default).
+#
+# @rx: the filter is attached to the receive queue of the netdev,
+#      where it will receive packets sent to the netdev.
+#
+# @tx: the filter is attached to the transmit queue of the netdev,
+#      where it will receive packets sent by the netdev.
+#
+# Since: 2.5
+##
+{ 'enum': 'NetFilterDirection',
+  'data': [ 'all', 'rx', 'tx' ] }
+
+##
+# @GrabToggleKeys:
+#
+# Keys to toggle input-linux between host and guest.
+#
+# Since: 4.0
+#
+##
+{ 'enum': 'GrabToggleKeys',
+  'data': [ 'ctrl-ctrl', 'alt-alt', 'shift-shift','meta-meta', 'scrolllock',
+            'ctrl-scrolllock' ] }
diff --git a/qapi/crypto.json b/qapi/crypto.json
index 2aebe6fa20..7116ae9a46 100644
--- a/qapi/crypto.json
+++ b/qapi/crypto.json
@@ -381,3 +381,162 @@
   'discriminator': 'format',
   'data': {
           'luks': 'QCryptoBlockAmendOptionsLUKS' } }
+
+##
+# @SecretCommonProperties:
+#
+# Properties for objects of classes derived from secret-common.
+#
+# @loaded: if true, the secret is loaded immediately when applying this option
+#          and will probably fail when processing the next option. Don't use;
+#          only provided for compatibility. (default: false)
+#
+# @format: the data format that the secret is provided in (default: raw)
+#
+# @keyid: the name of another secret that should be used to decrypt the
+#         provided data. If not present, the data is assumed to be unencrypted.
+#
+# @iv: the random initialization vector used for encryption of this particular
+#      secret. Should be a base64 encrypted string of the 16-byte IV. Mandatory
+#      if @keyid is given. Ignored if @keyid is absent.
+#
+# Features:
+# @deprecated: Member @loaded is deprecated.  Setting true doesn't make sense,
+#              and false is already the default.
+#
+# Since: 2.6
+##
+{ 'struct': 'SecretCommonProperties',
+  'data': { '*loaded': { 'type': 'bool', 'features': ['deprecated'] },
+            '*format': 'QCryptoSecretFormat',
+            '*keyid': 'str',
+            '*iv': 'str' } }
+
+##
+# @SecretProperties:
+#
+# Properties for secret objects.
+#
+# Either @data or @file must be provided, but not both.
+#
+# @data: the associated with the secret from
+#
+# @file: the filename to load the data associated with the secret from
+#
+# Since: 2.6
+##
+{ 'struct': 'SecretProperties',
+  'base': 'SecretCommonProperties',
+  'data': { '*data': 'str',
+            '*file': 'str' } }
+
+##
+# @SecretKeyringProperties:
+#
+# Properties for secret_keyring objects.
+#
+# @serial: serial number that identifies a key to get from the kernel
+#
+# Since: 5.1
+##
+{ 'struct': 'SecretKeyringProperties',
+  'base': 'SecretCommonProperties',
+  'data': { 'serial': 'int32' } }
+
+##
+# @TlsCredsProperties:
+#
+# Properties for objects of classes derived from tls-creds.
+#
+# @verify-peer: if true the peer credentials will be verified once the
+#               handshake is completed.  This is a no-op for anonymous
+#               credentials. (default: true)
+#
+# @dir: the path of the directory that contains the credential files
+#
+# @endpoint: whether the QEMU network backend that uses the credentials will be
+#            acting as a client or as a server (default: client)
+#
+# @priority: a gnutls priority string as described at
+#            https://gnutls.org/manual/html_node/Priority-Strings.html
+#
+# Since: 2.5
+##
+{ 'struct': 'TlsCredsProperties',
+  'data': { '*verify-peer': 'bool',
+            '*dir': 'str',
+            '*endpoint': 'QCryptoTLSCredsEndpoint',
+            '*priority': 'str' } }
+
+##
+# @TlsCredsAnonProperties:
+#
+# Properties for tls-creds-anon objects.
+#
+# @loaded: if true, the credentials are loaded immediately when applying this
+#          option and will ignore options that are processed later. Don't use;
+#          only provided for compatibility. (default: false)
+#
+# Features:
+# @deprecated: Member @loaded is deprecated.  Setting true doesn't make sense,
+#              and false is already the default.
+#
+# Since: 2.5
+##
+{ 'struct': 'TlsCredsAnonProperties',
+  'base': 'TlsCredsProperties',
+  'data': { '*loaded': { 'type': 'bool', 'features': ['deprecated'] } } }
+
+##
+# @TlsCredsPskProperties:
+#
+# Properties for tls-creds-psk objects.
+#
+# @loaded: if true, the credentials are loaded immediately when applying this
+#          option and will ignore options that are processed later. Don't use;
+#          only provided for compatibility. (default: false)
+#
+# @username: the username which will be sent to the server.  For clients only.
+#            If absent, "qemu" is sent and the property will read back as an
+#            empty string.
+#
+# Features:
+# @deprecated: Member @loaded is deprecated.  Setting true doesn't make sense,
+#              and false is already the default.
+#
+# Since: 3.0
+##
+{ 'struct': 'TlsCredsPskProperties',
+  'base': 'TlsCredsProperties',
+  'data': { '*loaded': { 'type': 'bool', 'features': ['deprecated'] },
+            '*username': 'str' } }
+
+##
+# @TlsCredsX509Properties:
+#
+# Properties for tls-creds-x509 objects.
+#
+# @loaded: if true, the credentials are loaded immediately when applying this
+#          option and will ignore options that are processed later. Don't use;
+#          only provided for compatibility. (default: false)
+#
+# @sanity-check: if true, perform some sanity checks before using the
+#                credentials (default: true)
+#
+# @passwordid: For the server-key.pem and client-key.pem files which contain
+#              sensitive private keys, it is possible to use an encrypted
+#              version by providing the @passwordid parameter.  This provides
+#              the ID of a previously created secret object containing the
+#              password for decryption.
+#
+# Features:
+# @deprecated: Member @loaded is deprecated.  Setting true doesn't make sense,
+#              and false is already the default.
+#
+# Since: 2.5
+##
+{ 'struct': 'TlsCredsX509Properties',
+  'base': 'TlsCredsProperties',
+  'data': { '*loaded': { 'type': 'bool', 'features': ['deprecated'] },
+            '*sanity-check': 'bool',
+            '*passwordid': 'str' } }
diff --git a/qapi/machine.json b/qapi/machine.json
index c0c52aef10..6e90d463fc 100644
--- a/qapi/machine.json
+++ b/qapi/machine.json
@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@
 # = Machines
 ##
 
+{ 'include': 'common.json' }
+
 ##
 # @SysEmuTarget:
 #
@@ -719,26 +721,6 @@
    'line': 'uint16' }}
 
 ##
-# @HostMemPolicy:
-#
-# Host memory policy types
-#
-# @default: restore default policy, remove any nondefault policy
-#
-# @preferred: set the preferred host nodes for allocation
-#
-# @bind: a strict policy that restricts memory allocation to the
-#        host nodes specified
-#
-# @interleave: memory allocations are interleaved across the set
-#              of host nodes specified
-#
-# Since: 2.1
-##
-{ 'enum': 'HostMemPolicy',
-  'data': [ 'default', 'preferred', 'bind', 'interleave' ] }
-
-##
 # @memsave:
 #
 # Save a portion of guest memory to a file.
diff --git a/qapi/net.json b/qapi/net.json
index 87361ebd9a..b86d053ad6 100644
--- a/qapi/net.json
+++ b/qapi/net.json
@@ -493,26 +493,6 @@
     'vhost-vdpa': 'NetdevVhostVDPAOptions' } }
 
 ##
-# @NetFilterDirection:
-#
-# Indicates whether a netfilter is attached to a netdev's transmit queue or
-# receive queue or both.
-#
-# @all: the filter is attached both to the receive and the transmit
-#       queue of the netdev (default).
-#
-# @rx: the filter is attached to the receive queue of the netdev,
-#      where it will receive packets sent to the netdev.
-#
-# @tx: the filter is attached to the transmit queue of the netdev,
-#      where it will receive packets sent by the netdev.
-#
-# Since: 2.5
-##
-{ 'enum': 'NetFilterDirection',
-  'data': [ 'all', 'rx', 'tx' ] }
-
-##
 # @RxState:
 #
 # Packets receiving state
diff --git a/qapi/qom.json b/qapi/qom.json
index 0b0b92944b..2056edc072 100644
--- a/qapi/qom.json
+++ b/qapi/qom.json
@@ -4,6 +4,11 @@
 # This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later.
 # See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
 
+{ 'include': 'authz.json' }
+{ 'include': 'block-core.json' }
+{ 'include': 'common.json' }
+{ 'include': 'crypto.json' }
+
 ##
 # = QEMU Object Model (QOM)
 ##
@@ -203,20 +208,643 @@
   'allow-preconfig': true }
 
 ##
-# @object-add:
+# @CanHostSocketcanProperties:
 #
-# Create a QOM object.
+# Properties for can-host-socketcan objects.
+#
+# @if: interface name of the host system CAN bus to connect to
+#
+# @canbus: object ID of the can-bus object to connect to the host interface
+#
+# Since: 2.12
+##
+{ 'struct': 'CanHostSocketcanProperties',
+  'data': { 'if': 'str',
+            'canbus': 'str' } }
+
+##
+# @ColoCompareProperties:
+#
+# Properties for colo-compare objects.
+#
+# @primary_in: name of the character device backend to use for the primary
+#              input (incoming packets are redirected to @outdev)
+#
+# @secondary_in: name of the character device backend to use for secondary
+#                input (incoming packets are only compared to the input on
+#                @primary_in and then dropped)
+#
+# @outdev: name of the character device backend to use for output
+#
+# @iothread: name of the iothread to run in
+#
+# @notify_dev: name of the character device backend to be used to communicate
+#              with the remote colo-frame (only for Xen COLO)
+#
+# @compare_timeout: the maximum time to hold a packet from @primary_in for
+#                   comparison with an incoming packet on @secondary_in in
+#                   milliseconds (default: 3000)
+#
+# @expired_scan_cycle: the interval at which colo-compare checks whether
+#                      packets from @primary have timed out, in milliseconds
+#                      (default: 3000)
+#
+# @max_queue_size: the maximum number of packets to keep in the queue for
+#                  comparing with incoming packets from @secondary_in.  If the
+#                  queue is full and addtional packets are received, the
+#                  addtional packets are dropped. (default: 1024)
+#
+# @vnet_hdr_support: if true, vnet header support is enabled (default: false)
+#
+# Since: 2.8
+##
+{ 'struct': 'ColoCompareProperties',
+  'data': { 'primary_in': 'str',
+            'secondary_in': 'str',
+            'outdev': 'str',
+            'iothread': 'str',
+            '*notify_dev': 'str',
+            '*compare_timeout': 'uint64',
+            '*expired_scan_cycle': 'uint32',
+            '*max_queue_size': 'uint32',
+            '*vnet_hdr_support': 'bool' } }
+
+##
+# @CryptodevBackendProperties:
+#
+# Properties for cryptodev-backend and cryptodev-backend-builtin objects.
+#
+# @queues: the number of queues for the cryptodev backend. Ignored for
+#          cryptodev-backend and must be 1 for cryptodev-backend-builtin.
+#          (default: 1)
+#
+# Since: 2.8
+##
+{ 'struct': 'CryptodevBackendProperties',
+  'data': { '*queues': 'uint32' } }
+
+##
+# @CryptodevVhostUserProperties:
+#
+# Properties for cryptodev-vhost-user objects.
+#
+# @chardev: the name of a Unix domain socket character device that connects to
+#           the vhost-user server
+#
+# Since: 2.12
+##
+{ 'struct': 'CryptodevVhostUserProperties',
+  'base': 'CryptodevBackendProperties',
+  'data': { 'chardev': 'str' } }
+
+##
+# @DBusVMStateProperties:
+#
+# Properties for dbus-vmstate objects.
+#
+# @addr: the name of the DBus bus to connect to
+#
+# @id-list: a comma separated list of DBus IDs of helpers whose data should be
+#           included in the VM state on migration
+#
+# Since: 5.0
+##
+{ 'struct': 'DBusVMStateProperties',
+  'data': { 'addr': 'str' ,
+            '*id-list': 'str' } }
+
+##
+# @NetfilterInsert:
+#
+# Indicates where to insert a netfilter relative to a given other filter.
+#
+# @before: insert before the specified filter
+#
+# @behind: insert behind the specified filter
+#
+# Since: 5.0
+##
+{ 'enum': 'NetfilterInsert',
+  'data': [ 'before', 'behind' ] }
+
+##
+# @NetfilterProperties:
+#
+# Properties for objects of classes derived from netfilter.
+#
+# @netdev: id of the network device backend to filter
+#
+# @queue: indicates which queue(s) to filter (default: all)
+#
+# @status: indicates whether the filter is enabled ("on") or disabled ("off")
+#          (default: "on")
+#
+# @position: specifies where the filter should be inserted in the filter list.
+#            "head" means the filter is inserted at the head of the filter list,
+#            before any existing filters.
+#            "tail" means the filter is inserted at the tail of the filter list,
+#            behind any existing filters (default).
+#            "id=<id>" means the filter is inserted before or behind the filter
+#            specified by <id>, depending on the @insert property.
+#            (default: "tail")
+#
+# @insert: where to insert the filter relative to the filter given in @position.
+#          Ignored if @position is "head" or "tail". (default: behind)
+#
+# Since: 2.5
+##
+{ 'struct': 'NetfilterProperties',
+  'data': { 'netdev': 'str',
+            '*queue': 'NetFilterDirection',
+            '*status': 'str',
+            '*position': 'str',
+            '*insert': 'NetfilterInsert' } }
+
+##
+# @FilterBufferProperties:
+#
+# Properties for filter-buffer objects.
+#
+# @interval: a non-zero interval in microseconds.  All packets arriving in the
+#            given interval are delayed until the end of the interval.
+#
+# Since: 2.5
+##
+{ 'struct': 'FilterBufferProperties',
+  'base': 'NetfilterProperties',
+  'data': { 'interval': 'uint32' } }
+
+##
+# @FilterDumpProperties:
+#
+# Properties for filter-dump objects.
+#
+# @file: the filename where the dumped packets should be stored
+#
+# @maxlen: maximum number of bytes in a packet that are stored (default: 65536)
+#
+# Since: 2.5
+##
+{ 'struct': 'FilterDumpProperties',
+  'base': 'NetfilterProperties',
+  'data': { 'file': 'str',
+            '*maxlen': 'uint32' } }
+
+##
+# @FilterMirrorProperties:
+#
+# Properties for filter-mirror objects.
+#
+# @outdev: the name of a character device backend to which all incoming packets
+#          are mirrored
+#
+# @vnet_hdr_support: if true, vnet header support is enabled (default: false)
+#
+# Since: 2.6
+##
+{ 'struct': 'FilterMirrorProperties',
+  'base': 'NetfilterProperties',
+  'data': { 'outdev': 'str',
+            '*vnet_hdr_support': 'bool' } }
+
+##
+# @FilterRedirectorProperties:
+#
+# Properties for filter-redirector objects.
+#
+# At least one of @indev or @outdev must be present.  If both are present, they
+# must not refer to the same character device backend.
+#
+# @indev: the name of a character device backend from which packets are
+#         received and redirected to the filtered network device
+#
+# @outdev: the name of a character device backend to which all incoming packets
+#          are redirected
+#
+# @vnet_hdr_support: if true, vnet header support is enabled (default: false)
+#
+# Since: 2.6
+##
+{ 'struct': 'FilterRedirectorProperties',
+  'base': 'NetfilterProperties',
+  'data': { '*indev': 'str',
+            '*outdev': 'str',
+            '*vnet_hdr_support': 'bool' } }
+
+##
+# @FilterRewriterProperties:
+#
+# Properties for filter-rewriter objects.
+#
+# @vnet_hdr_support: if true, vnet header support is enabled (default: false)
+#
+# Since: 2.8
+##
+{ 'struct': 'FilterRewriterProperties',
+  'base': 'NetfilterProperties',
+  'data': { '*vnet_hdr_support': 'bool' } }
+
+##
+# @InputBarrierProperties:
+#
+# Properties for input-barrier objects.
+#
+# @name: the screen name as declared in the screens section of barrier.conf
+#
+# @server: hostname of the Barrier server (default: "localhost")
+#
+# @port: TCP port of the Barrier server (default: "24800")
+#
+# @x-origin: x coordinate of the leftmost pixel on the guest screen
+#            (default: "0")
+#
+# @y-origin: y coordinate of the topmost pixel on the guest screen
+#            (default: "0")
+#
+# @width: the width of secondary screen in pixels (default: "1920")
+#
+# @height: the height of secondary screen in pixels (default: "1080")
+#
+# Since: 4.2
+##
+{ 'struct': 'InputBarrierProperties',
+  'data': { 'name': 'str',
+            '*server': 'str',
+            '*port': 'str',
+            '*x-origin': 'str',
+            '*y-origin': 'str',
+            '*width': 'str',
+            '*height': 'str' } }
+
+##
+# @InputLinuxProperties:
+#
+# Properties for input-linux objects.
+#
+# @evdev: the path of the host evdev device to use
+#
+# @grab_all: if true, grab is toggled for all devices (e.g. both keyboard and
+#            mouse) instead of just one device (default: false)
+#
+# @repeat: enables auto-repeat events (default: false)
+#
+# @grab-toggle: the key or key combination that toggles device grab
+#               (default: ctrl-ctrl)
+#
+# Since: 2.6
+##
+{ 'struct': 'InputLinuxProperties',
+  'data': { 'evdev': 'str',
+            '*grab_all': 'bool',
+            '*repeat': 'bool',
+            '*grab-toggle': 'GrabToggleKeys' } }
+
+##
+# @IothreadProperties:
+#
+# Properties for iothread objects.
+#
+# @poll-max-ns: the maximum number of nanoseconds to busy wait for events.
+#               0 means polling is disabled (default: 32768 on POSIX hosts,
+#               0 otherwise)
+#
+# @poll-grow: the multiplier used to increase the polling time when the
+#             algorithm detects it is missing events due to not polling long
+#             enough. 0 selects a default behaviour (default: 0)
+#
+# @poll-shrink: the divisor used to decrease the polling time when the
+#               algorithm detects it is spending too long polling without
+#               encountering events. 0 selects a default behaviour (default: 0)
+#
+# Since: 2.0
+##
+{ 'struct': 'IothreadProperties',
+  'data': { '*poll-max-ns': 'int',
+            '*poll-grow': 'int',
+            '*poll-shrink': 'int' } }
+
+##
+# @MemoryBackendProperties:
+#
+# Properties for objects of classes derived from memory-backend.
+#
+# @merge: if true, mark the memory as mergeable (default depends on the machine
+#         type)
+#
+# @dump: if true, include the memory in core dumps (default depends on the
+#        machine type)
+#
+# @host-nodes: the list of NUMA host nodes to bind the memory to
+#
+# @policy: the NUMA policy (default: 'default')
+#
+# @prealloc: if true, preallocate memory (default: false)
+#
+# @prealloc-threads: number of CPU threads to use for prealloc (default: 1)
+#
+# @share: if false, the memory is private to QEMU; if true, it is shared
+#         (default: false)
+#
+# @size: size of the memory region in bytes
+#
+# @x-use-canonical-path-for-ramblock-id: if true, the canoncial path is used
+#                                        for ramblock-id. Disable this for 4.0
+#                                        machine types or older to allow
+#                                        migration with newer QEMU versions.
+#                                        This option is considered stable
+#                                        despite the x- prefix. (default:
+#                                        false generally, but true for machine
+#                                        types <= 4.0)
+#
+# Since: 2.1
+##
+{ 'struct': 'MemoryBackendProperties',
+  'data': { '*dump': 'bool',
+            '*host-nodes': ['uint16'],
+            '*merge': 'bool',
+            '*policy': 'HostMemPolicy',
+            '*prealloc': 'bool',
+            '*prealloc-threads': 'uint32',
+            '*share': 'bool',
+            'size': 'size',
+            '*x-use-canonical-path-for-ramblock-id': 'bool' } }
+
+##
+# @MemoryBackendFileProperties:
+#
+# Properties for memory-backend-file objects.
+#
+# @align: the base address alignment when QEMU mmap(2)s @mem-path. Some
+#         backend stores specified by @mem-path require an alignment different
+#         than the default one used by QEMU, e.g. the device DAX /dev/dax0.0
+#         requires 2M alignment rather than 4K. In such cases, users can
+#         specify the required alignment via this option.
+#         0 selects a default alignment (currently the page size). (default: 0)
+#
+# @discard-data: if true, the file contents can be destroyed when QEMU exits,
+#                to avoid unnecessarily flushing data to the backing file. Note
+#                that ``discard-data`` is only an optimization, and QEMU might
+#                not discard file contents if it aborts unexpectedly or is
+#                terminated using SIGKILL. (default: false)
+#
+# @mem-path: the path to either a shared memory or huge page filesystem mount
+#
+# @pmem: specifies whether the backing file specified by @mem-path is in
+#        host persistent memory that can be accessed using the SNIA NVM
+#        programming model (e.g. Intel NVDIMM).
+#
+# @readonly: if true, the backing file is opened read-only; if false, it is
+#            opened read-write. (default: false)
+#
+# Since: 2.1
+##
+{ 'struct': 'MemoryBackendFileProperties',
+  'base': 'MemoryBackendProperties',
+  'data': { '*align': 'size',
+            '*discard-data': 'bool',
+            'mem-path': 'str',
+            '*pmem': { 'type': 'bool', 'if': 'defined(CONFIG_LIBPMEM)' },
+            '*readonly': 'bool' } }
+
+##
+# @MemoryBackendMemfdProperties:
+#
+# Properties for memory-backend-memfd objects.
+#
+# The @share boolean option is true by default with memfd.
+#
+# @hugetlb: if true, the file to be created resides in the hugetlbfs filesystem
+#           (default: false)
+#
+# @hugetlbsize: the hugetlb page size on systems that support multiple hugetlb
+#               page sizes (it must be a power of 2 value supported by the
+#               system). 0 selects a default page size. This option is ignored
+#               if @hugetlb is false. (default: 0)
+#
+# @seal: if true, create a sealed-file, which will block further resizing of
+#        the memory (default: true)
+#
+# Since: 2.12
+##
+{ 'struct': 'MemoryBackendMemfdProperties',
+  'base': 'MemoryBackendProperties',
+  'data': { '*hugetlb': 'bool',
+            '*hugetlbsize': 'size',
+            '*seal': 'bool' } }
+
+##
+# @PrManagerHelperProperties:
+#
+# Properties for pr-manager-helper objects.
+#
+# @path: the path to a Unix domain socket for connecting to the external helper
+#
+# Since: 2.11
+##
+{ 'struct': 'PrManagerHelperProperties',
+  'data': { 'path': 'str' } }
+
+##
+# @RemoteObjectProperties:
+#
+# Properties for x-remote-object objects.
+#
+# @fd: file descriptor name previously passed via 'getfd' command
+#
+# @devid: the id of the device to be associated with the file descriptor
+#
+# Since: 6.0
+##
+{ 'struct': 'RemoteObjectProperties',
+  'data': { 'fd': 'str', 'devid': 'str' } }
+
+##
+# @RngProperties:
+#
+# Properties for objects of classes derived from rng.
+#
+# @opened: if true, the device is opened immediately when applying this option
+#          and will probably fail when processing the next option. Don't use;
+#          only provided for compatibility. (default: false)
+#
+# Features:
+# @deprecated: Member @opened is deprecated.  Setting true doesn't make sense,
+#              and false is already the default.
+#
+# Since: 1.3
+##
+{ 'struct': 'RngProperties',
+  'data': { '*opened': { 'type': 'bool', 'features': ['deprecated'] } } }
+
+##
+# @RngEgdProperties:
+#
+# Properties for rng-egd objects.
+#
+# @chardev: the name of a character device backend that provides the connection
+#           to the RNG daemon
+#
+# Since: 1.3
+##
+{ 'struct': 'RngEgdProperties',
+  'base': 'RngProperties',
+  'data': { 'chardev': 'str' } }
+
+##
+# @RngRandomProperties:
+#
+# Properties for rng-random objects.
+#
+# @filename: the filename of the device on the host to obtain entropy from
+#            (default: "/dev/urandom")
+#
+# Since: 1.3
+##
+{ 'struct': 'RngRandomProperties',
+  'base': 'RngProperties',
+  'data': { '*filename': 'str' } }
+
+##
+# @SevGuestProperties:
+#
+# Properties for sev-guest objects.
+#
+# @sev-device: SEV device to use (default: "/dev/sev")
+#
+# @dh-cert-file: guest owners DH certificate (encoded with base64)
+#
+# @session-file: guest owners session parameters (encoded with base64)
+#
+# @policy: SEV policy value (default: 0x1)
+#
+# @handle: SEV firmware handle (default: 0)
+#
+# @cbitpos: C-bit location in page table entry (default: 0)
+#
+# @reduced-phys-bits: number of bits in physical addresses that become
+#                     unavailable when SEV is enabled
+#
+# Since: 2.12
+##
+{ 'struct': 'SevGuestProperties',
+  'data': { '*sev-device': 'str',
+            '*dh-cert-file': 'str',
+            '*session-file': 'str',
+            '*policy': 'uint32',
+            '*handle': 'uint32',
+            '*cbitpos': 'uint32',
+            'reduced-phys-bits': 'uint32' },
+  'if': 'defined(CONFIG_SEV)' }
+
+##
+# @ObjectType:
+#
+# Since: 6.0
+##
+{ 'enum': 'ObjectType',
+  'data': [
+    'authz-list',
+    'authz-listfile',
+    'authz-pam',
+    'authz-simple',
+    'can-bus',
+    'can-host-socketcan',
+    'colo-compare',
+    'cryptodev-backend',
+    'cryptodev-backend-builtin',
+    { 'name': 'cryptodev-vhost-user',
+      'if': 'defined(CONFIG_VIRTIO_CRYPTO) && defined(CONFIG_VHOST_CRYPTO)' },
+    'dbus-vmstate',
+    'filter-buffer',
+    'filter-dump',
+    'filter-mirror',
+    'filter-redirector',
+    'filter-replay',
+    'filter-rewriter',
+    'input-barrier',
+    'input-linux',
+    'iothread',
+    'memory-backend-file',
+    { 'name': 'memory-backend-memfd',
+      'if': 'defined(CONFIG_LINUX)' },
+    'memory-backend-ram',
+    {'name': 'pef-guest', 'if': 'defined(CONFIG_PSERIES)' },
+    'pr-manager-helper',
+    'rng-builtin',
+    'rng-egd',
+    'rng-random',
+    'secret',
+    'secret_keyring',
+    {'name': 'sev-guest', 'if': 'defined(CONFIG_SEV)' },
+    's390-pv-guest',
+    'throttle-group',
+    'tls-creds-anon',
+    'tls-creds-psk',
+    'tls-creds-x509',
+    'tls-cipher-suites',
+    'x-remote-object'
+  ] }
+
+##
+# @ObjectOptions:
+#
+# Describes the options of a user creatable QOM object.
 #
 # @qom-type: the class name for the object to be created
 #
 # @id: the name of the new object
 #
-# @props: a dictionary of properties to be passed to the backend. Deprecated
-#         since 5.0, specify the properties on the top level instead. It is an
-#         error to specify the same option both on the top level and in @props.
+# Since: 6.0
+##
+{ 'union': 'ObjectOptions',
+  'base': { 'qom-type': 'ObjectType',
+            'id': 'str' },
+  'discriminator': 'qom-type',
+  'data': {
+      'authz-list':                 'AuthZListProperties',
+      'authz-listfile':             'AuthZListFileProperties',
+      'authz-pam':                  'AuthZPAMProperties',
+      'authz-simple':               'AuthZSimpleProperties',
+      'can-host-socketcan':         'CanHostSocketcanProperties',
+      'colo-compare':               'ColoCompareProperties',
+      'cryptodev-backend':          'CryptodevBackendProperties',
+      'cryptodev-backend-builtin':  'CryptodevBackendProperties',
+      'cryptodev-vhost-user':       { 'type': 'CryptodevVhostUserProperties',
+                                      'if': 'defined(CONFIG_VIRTIO_CRYPTO) && defined(CONFIG_VHOST_CRYPTO)' },
+      'dbus-vmstate':               'DBusVMStateProperties',
+      'filter-buffer':              'FilterBufferProperties',
+      'filter-dump':                'FilterDumpProperties',
+      'filter-mirror':              'FilterMirrorProperties',
+      'filter-redirector':          'FilterRedirectorProperties',
+      'filter-replay':              'NetfilterProperties',
+      'filter-rewriter':            'FilterRewriterProperties',
+      'input-barrier':              'InputBarrierProperties',
+      'input-linux':                'InputLinuxProperties',
+      'iothread':                   'IothreadProperties',
+      'memory-backend-file':        'MemoryBackendFileProperties',
+      'memory-backend-memfd':       { 'type': 'MemoryBackendMemfdProperties',
+                                      'if': 'defined(CONFIG_LINUX)' },
+      'memory-backend-ram':         'MemoryBackendProperties',
+      'pr-manager-helper':          'PrManagerHelperProperties',
+      'rng-builtin':                'RngProperties',
+      'rng-egd':                    'RngEgdProperties',
+      'rng-random':                 'RngRandomProperties',
+      'secret':                     'SecretProperties',
+      'secret_keyring':             'SecretKeyringProperties',
+      'sev-guest':                  { 'type': 'SevGuestProperties',
+                                      'if': 'defined(CONFIG_SEV)' },
+      'throttle-group':             'ThrottleGroupProperties',
+      'tls-creds-anon':             'TlsCredsAnonProperties',
+      'tls-creds-psk':              'TlsCredsPskProperties',
+      'tls-creds-x509':             'TlsCredsX509Properties',
+      'tls-cipher-suites':          'TlsCredsProperties',
+      'x-remote-object':            'RemoteObjectProperties'
+  } }
+
+##
+# @object-add:
 #
-# Additional arguments depend on qom-type and are passed to the backend
-# unchanged.
+# Create a QOM object.
 #
 # Returns: Nothing on success
 #          Error if @qom-type is not a valid class name
@@ -231,9 +859,7 @@
 # <- { "return": {} }
 #
 ##
-{ 'command': 'object-add',
-  'data': {'qom-type': 'str', 'id': 'str', '*props': 'any'},
-  'gen': false } # so we can get the additional arguments
+{ 'command': 'object-add', 'data': 'ObjectOptions', 'boxed': true }
 
 ##
 # @object-del:
diff --git a/qapi/ui.json b/qapi/ui.json
index d08d72b439..cc1882108b 100644
--- a/qapi/ui.json
+++ b/qapi/ui.json
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 # = Remote desktop
 ##
 
+{ 'include': 'common.json' }
 { 'include': 'sockets.json' }
 
 ##
@@ -1022,18 +1023,6 @@
             'events' : [ 'InputEvent' ] } }
 
 ##
-# @GrabToggleKeys:
-#
-# Keys to toggle input-linux between host and guest.
-#
-# Since: 4.0
-#
-##
-{ 'enum': 'GrabToggleKeys',
-  'data': [ 'ctrl-ctrl', 'alt-alt', 'shift-shift','meta-meta', 'scrolllock',
-            'ctrl-scrolllock' ] }
-
-##
 # @DisplayGTK:
 #
 # GTK display options.
diff --git a/qemu-img.c b/qemu-img.c
index e2952fe955..babb5573ab 100644
--- a/qemu-img.c
+++ b/qemu-img.c
@@ -226,23 +226,6 @@ static void QEMU_NORETURN help(void)
     exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
 }
 
-static QemuOptsList qemu_object_opts = {
-    .name = "object",
-    .implied_opt_name = "qom-type",
-    .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_object_opts.head),
-    .desc = {
-        { }
-    },
-};
-
-static bool qemu_img_object_print_help(const char *type, QemuOpts *opts)
-{
-    if (user_creatable_print_help(type, opts)) {
-        exit(0);
-    }
-    return true;
-}
-
 /*
  * Is @optarg safe for accumulate_options()?
  * It is when multiple of them can be joined together separated by ','.
@@ -566,14 +549,9 @@ static int img_create(int argc, char **argv)
         case 'u':
             flags |= BDRV_O_NO_BACKING;
             break;
-        case OPTION_OBJECT: {
-            QemuOpts *opts;
-            opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
-                                           optarg, true);
-            if (!opts) {
-                goto fail;
-            }
-        }   break;
+        case OPTION_OBJECT:
+            user_creatable_process_cmdline(optarg);
+            break;
         }
     }
 
@@ -589,12 +567,6 @@ static int img_create(int argc, char **argv)
     }
     optind++;
 
-    if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
-                          user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
-                          qemu_img_object_print_help, &error_fatal)) {
-        goto fail;
-    }
-
     /* Get image size, if specified */
     if (optind < argc) {
         int64_t sval;
@@ -804,14 +776,9 @@ static int img_check(int argc, char **argv)
         case 'U':
             force_share = true;
             break;
-        case OPTION_OBJECT: {
-            QemuOpts *opts;
-            opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
-                                           optarg, true);
-            if (!opts) {
-                return 1;
-            }
-        }   break;
+        case OPTION_OBJECT:
+            user_creatable_process_cmdline(optarg);
+            break;
         case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
             image_opts = true;
             break;
@@ -831,12 +798,6 @@ static int img_check(int argc, char **argv)
         return 1;
     }
 
-    if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
-                          user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
-                          qemu_img_object_print_help, &error_fatal)) {
-        return 1;
-    }
-
     ret = bdrv_parse_cache_mode(cache, &flags, &writethrough);
     if (ret < 0) {
         error_report("Invalid source cache option: %s", cache);
@@ -1034,14 +995,9 @@ static int img_commit(int argc, char **argv)
                 return 1;
             }
             break;
-        case OPTION_OBJECT: {
-            QemuOpts *opts;
-            opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
-                                           optarg, true);
-            if (!opts) {
-                return 1;
-            }
-        }   break;
+        case OPTION_OBJECT:
+            user_creatable_process_cmdline(optarg);
+            break;
         case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
             image_opts = true;
             break;
@@ -1058,12 +1014,6 @@ static int img_commit(int argc, char **argv)
     }
     filename = argv[optind++];
 
-    if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
-                          user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
-                          qemu_img_object_print_help, &error_fatal)) {
-        return 1;
-    }
-
     flags = BDRV_O_RDWR | BDRV_O_UNMAP;
     ret = bdrv_parse_cache_mode(cache, &flags, &writethrough);
     if (ret < 0) {
@@ -1353,7 +1303,7 @@ static int check_empty_sectors(BlockBackend *blk, int64_t offset,
 /*
  * Compares two images. Exit codes:
  *
- * 0 - Images are identical
+ * 0 - Images are identical or the requested help was printed
  * 1 - Images differ
  * >1 - Error occurred
  */
@@ -1423,15 +1373,21 @@ static int img_compare(int argc, char **argv)
         case 'U':
             force_share = true;
             break;
-        case OPTION_OBJECT: {
-            QemuOpts *opts;
-            opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
-                                           optarg, true);
-            if (!opts) {
-                ret = 2;
-                goto out4;
+        case OPTION_OBJECT:
+            {
+                Error *local_err = NULL;
+
+                if (!user_creatable_add_from_str(optarg, &local_err)) {
+                    if (local_err) {
+                        error_report_err(local_err);
+                        exit(2);
+                    } else {
+                        /* Help was printed */
+                        exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
+                    }
+                }
+                break;
             }
-        }   break;
         case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
             image_opts = true;
             break;
@@ -1450,13 +1406,6 @@ static int img_compare(int argc, char **argv)
     filename1 = argv[optind++];
     filename2 = argv[optind++];
 
-    if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
-                          user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
-                          qemu_img_object_print_help, &error_fatal)) {
-        ret = 2;
-        goto out4;
-    }
-
     /* Initialize before goto out */
     qemu_progress_init(progress, 2.0);
 
@@ -1641,7 +1590,6 @@ out2:
     blk_unref(blk1);
 out3:
     qemu_progress_end();
-out4:
     return ret;
 }
 
@@ -2342,15 +2290,9 @@ static int img_convert(int argc, char **argv)
                 goto fail_getopt;
             }
             break;
-        case OPTION_OBJECT: {
-            QemuOpts *object_opts;
-            object_opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
-                                                  optarg, true);
-            if (!object_opts) {
-                goto fail_getopt;
-            }
+        case OPTION_OBJECT:
+            user_creatable_process_cmdline(optarg);
             break;
-        }
         case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
             image_opts = true;
             break;
@@ -2378,12 +2320,6 @@ static int img_convert(int argc, char **argv)
         out_fmt = "raw";
     }
 
-    if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
-                          user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
-                          qemu_img_object_print_help, &error_fatal)) {
-        goto fail_getopt;
-    }
-
     if (s.compressed && s.copy_range) {
         error_report("Cannot enable copy offloading when -c is used");
         goto fail_getopt;
@@ -2971,14 +2907,9 @@ static int img_info(int argc, char **argv)
         case OPTION_BACKING_CHAIN:
             chain = true;
             break;
-        case OPTION_OBJECT: {
-            QemuOpts *opts;
-            opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
-                                           optarg, true);
-            if (!opts) {
-                return 1;
-            }
-        }   break;
+        case OPTION_OBJECT:
+            user_creatable_process_cmdline(optarg);
+            break;
         case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
             image_opts = true;
             break;
@@ -2998,12 +2929,6 @@ static int img_info(int argc, char **argv)
         return 1;
     }
 
-    if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
-                          user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
-                          qemu_img_object_print_help, &error_fatal)) {
-        return 1;
-    }
-
     list = collect_image_info_list(image_opts, filename, fmt, chain,
                                    force_share);
     if (!list) {
@@ -3213,14 +3138,9 @@ static int img_map(int argc, char **argv)
                 return 1;
             }
             break;
-        case OPTION_OBJECT: {
-            QemuOpts *opts;
-            opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
-                                           optarg, true);
-            if (!opts) {
-                return 1;
-            }
-        }   break;
+        case OPTION_OBJECT:
+            user_creatable_process_cmdline(optarg);
+            break;
         case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
             image_opts = true;
             break;
@@ -3240,12 +3160,6 @@ static int img_map(int argc, char **argv)
         return 1;
     }
 
-    if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
-                          user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
-                          qemu_img_object_print_help, &error_fatal)) {
-        return 1;
-    }
-
     blk = img_open(image_opts, filename, fmt, 0, false, false, force_share);
     if (!blk) {
         return 1;
@@ -3384,14 +3298,9 @@ static int img_snapshot(int argc, char **argv)
         case 'U':
             force_share = true;
             break;
-        case OPTION_OBJECT: {
-            QemuOpts *opts;
-            opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
-                                           optarg, true);
-            if (!opts) {
-                return 1;
-            }
-        }   break;
+        case OPTION_OBJECT:
+            user_creatable_process_cmdline(optarg);
+            break;
         case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
             image_opts = true;
             break;
@@ -3403,12 +3312,6 @@ static int img_snapshot(int argc, char **argv)
     }
     filename = argv[optind++];
 
-    if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
-                          user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
-                          qemu_img_object_print_help, &error_fatal)) {
-        return 1;
-    }
-
     /* Open the image */
     blk = img_open(image_opts, filename, NULL, bdrv_oflags, false, quiet,
                    force_share);
@@ -3542,14 +3445,9 @@ static int img_rebase(int argc, char **argv)
         case 'q':
             quiet = true;
             break;
-        case OPTION_OBJECT: {
-            QemuOpts *opts;
-            opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
-                                           optarg, true);
-            if (!opts) {
-                return 1;
-            }
-        }   break;
+        case OPTION_OBJECT:
+            user_creatable_process_cmdline(optarg);
+            break;
         case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
             image_opts = true;
             break;
@@ -3571,12 +3469,6 @@ static int img_rebase(int argc, char **argv)
     }
     filename = argv[optind++];
 
-    if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
-                          user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
-                          qemu_img_object_print_help, &error_fatal)) {
-        return 1;
-    }
-
     qemu_progress_init(progress, 2.0);
     qemu_progress_print(0, 100);
 
@@ -3967,14 +3859,9 @@ static int img_resize(int argc, char **argv)
         case 'q':
             quiet = true;
             break;
-        case OPTION_OBJECT: {
-            QemuOpts *opts;
-            opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
-                                           optarg, true);
-            if (!opts) {
-                return 1;
-            }
-        }   break;
+        case OPTION_OBJECT:
+            user_creatable_process_cmdline(optarg);
+            break;
         case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
             image_opts = true;
             break;
@@ -3996,12 +3883,6 @@ static int img_resize(int argc, char **argv)
     }
     filename = argv[optind++];
 
-    if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
-                          user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
-                          qemu_img_object_print_help, &error_fatal)) {
-        return 1;
-    }
-
     /* Choose grow, shrink, or absolute resize mode */
     switch (size[0]) {
     case '+':
@@ -4181,12 +4062,7 @@ static int img_amend(int argc, char **argv)
             quiet = true;
             break;
         case OPTION_OBJECT:
-            opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
-                                           optarg, true);
-            if (!opts) {
-                ret = -1;
-                goto out_no_progress;
-            }
+            user_creatable_process_cmdline(optarg);
             break;
         case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
             image_opts = true;
@@ -4201,13 +4077,6 @@ static int img_amend(int argc, char **argv)
         error_exit("Must specify options (-o)");
     }
 
-    if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
-                          user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
-                          qemu_img_object_print_help, &error_fatal)) {
-        ret = -1;
-        goto out_no_progress;
-    }
-
     if (quiet) {
         progress = false;
     }
@@ -4760,10 +4629,7 @@ static int img_bitmap(int argc, char **argv)
             merge = true;
             break;
         case OPTION_OBJECT:
-            opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts, optarg, true);
-            if (!opts) {
-                goto out;
-            }
+            user_creatable_process_cmdline(optarg);
             break;
         case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
             image_opts = true;
@@ -4771,12 +4637,6 @@ static int img_bitmap(int argc, char **argv)
         }
     }
 
-    if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
-                          user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
-                          qemu_img_object_print_help, &error_fatal)) {
-        goto out;
-    }
-
     if (QSIMPLEQ_EMPTY(&actions)) {
         error_report("Need at least one of --add, --remove, --clear, "
                      "--enable, --disable, or --merge");
@@ -5034,10 +4894,7 @@ static int img_dd(int argc, char **argv)
             force_share = true;
             break;
         case OPTION_OBJECT:
-            if (!qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts, optarg, true)) {
-                ret = -1;
-                goto out;
-            }
+            user_creatable_process_cmdline(optarg);
             break;
         case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
             image_opts = true;
@@ -5084,13 +4941,6 @@ static int img_dd(int argc, char **argv)
         goto out;
     }
 
-    if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
-                          user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
-                          qemu_img_object_print_help, &error_fatal)) {
-        ret = -1;
-        goto out;
-    }
-
     blk1 = img_open(image_opts, in.filename, fmt, 0, false, false,
                     force_share);
 
@@ -5311,11 +5161,7 @@ static int img_measure(int argc, char **argv)
             force_share = true;
             break;
         case OPTION_OBJECT:
-            object_opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
-                                                  optarg, true);
-            if (!object_opts) {
-                goto out;
-            }
+            user_creatable_process_cmdline(optarg);
             break;
         case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
             image_opts = true;
@@ -5345,12 +5191,6 @@ static int img_measure(int argc, char **argv)
         }
     }
 
-    if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
-                          user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
-                          qemu_img_object_print_help, &error_fatal)) {
-        goto out;
-    }
-
     if (argc - optind > 1) {
         error_report("At most one filename argument is allowed.");
         goto out;
@@ -5490,7 +5330,6 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
         error_exit("Not enough arguments");
     }
 
-    qemu_add_opts(&qemu_object_opts);
     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_source_opts);
     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_trace_opts);
 
diff --git a/qemu-io.c b/qemu-io.c
index ac88d8bd40..bf902302e9 100644
--- a/qemu-io.c
+++ b/qemu-io.c
@@ -477,23 +477,6 @@ enum {
     OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS = 257,
 };
 
-static QemuOptsList qemu_object_opts = {
-    .name = "object",
-    .implied_opt_name = "qom-type",
-    .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_object_opts.head),
-    .desc = {
-        { }
-    },
-};
-
-static bool qemu_io_object_print_help(const char *type, QemuOpts *opts)
-{
-    if (user_creatable_print_help(type, opts)) {
-        exit(0);
-    }
-    return true;
-}
-
 static QemuOptsList file_opts = {
     .name = "file",
     .implied_opt_name = "file",
@@ -550,7 +533,6 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
     qcrypto_init(&error_fatal);
 
     module_call_init(MODULE_INIT_QOM);
-    qemu_add_opts(&qemu_object_opts);
     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_trace_opts);
     bdrv_init();
 
@@ -612,14 +594,9 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
         case 'U':
             force_share = true;
             break;
-        case OPTION_OBJECT: {
-            QemuOpts *qopts;
-            qopts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
-                                            optarg, true);
-            if (!qopts) {
-                exit(1);
-            }
-        }   break;
+        case OPTION_OBJECT:
+            user_creatable_process_cmdline(optarg);
+            break;
         case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
             imageOpts = true;
             break;
@@ -644,10 +621,6 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
         exit(1);
     }
 
-    qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
-                      user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
-                      qemu_io_object_print_help, &error_fatal);
-
     if (!trace_init_backends()) {
         exit(1);
     }
diff --git a/qemu-nbd.c b/qemu-nbd.c
index b1b9430a8f..93ef4e288f 100644
--- a/qemu-nbd.c
+++ b/qemu-nbd.c
@@ -401,24 +401,6 @@ static QemuOptsList file_opts = {
     },
 };
 
-static QemuOptsList qemu_object_opts = {
-    .name = "object",
-    .implied_opt_name = "qom-type",
-    .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_object_opts.head),
-    .desc = {
-        { }
-    },
-};
-
-static bool qemu_nbd_object_print_help(const char *type, QemuOpts *opts)
-{
-    if (user_creatable_print_help(type, opts)) {
-        exit(0);
-    }
-    return true;
-}
-
-
 static QCryptoTLSCreds *nbd_get_tls_creds(const char *id, bool list,
                                           Error **errp)
 {
@@ -594,7 +576,6 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
     qcrypto_init(&error_fatal);
 
     module_call_init(MODULE_INIT_QOM);
-    qemu_add_opts(&qemu_object_opts);
     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_trace_opts);
     qemu_init_exec_dir(argv[0]);
 
@@ -747,14 +728,9 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
         case '?':
             error_report("Try `%s --help' for more information.", argv[0]);
             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-        case QEMU_NBD_OPT_OBJECT: {
-            QemuOpts *opts;
-            opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
-                                           optarg, true);
-            if (!opts) {
-                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-            }
-        }   break;
+        case QEMU_NBD_OPT_OBJECT:
+            user_creatable_process_cmdline(optarg);
+            break;
         case QEMU_NBD_OPT_TLSCREDS:
             tlscredsid = optarg;
             break;
@@ -802,10 +778,6 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
         export_name = "";
     }
 
-    qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
-                      user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
-                      qemu_nbd_object_print_help, &error_fatal);
-
     if (!trace_init_backends()) {
         exit(1);
     }
diff --git a/qom/object_interfaces.c b/qom/object_interfaces.c
index 7661270b98..b17aa57de1 100644
--- a/qom/object_interfaces.c
+++ b/qom/object_interfaces.c
@@ -2,15 +2,19 @@
 
 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
 #include "qapi/error.h"
+#include "qapi/qapi-commands-qom.h"
+#include "qapi/qapi-visit-qom.h"
 #include "qapi/qmp/qdict.h"
 #include "qapi/qmp/qerror.h"
 #include "qapi/qmp/qjson.h"
 #include "qapi/qobject-input-visitor.h"
+#include "qapi/qobject-output-visitor.h"
 #include "qom/object_interfaces.h"
 #include "qemu/help_option.h"
 #include "qemu/id.h"
 #include "qemu/module.h"
 #include "qemu/option.h"
+#include "qemu/qemu-print.h"
 #include "qapi/opts-visitor.h"
 #include "qemu/config-file.h"
 
@@ -113,90 +117,28 @@ out:
     return obj;
 }
 
-bool user_creatable_add_dict(QDict *qdict, bool keyval, Error **errp)
+void user_creatable_add_qapi(ObjectOptions *options, Error **errp)
 {
     Visitor *v;
+    QObject *qobj;
+    QDict *props;
     Object *obj;
-    g_autofree char *type = NULL;
-    g_autofree char *id = NULL;
 
-    type = g_strdup(qdict_get_try_str(qdict, "qom-type"));
-    if (!type) {
-        error_setg(errp, QERR_MISSING_PARAMETER, "qom-type");
-        return false;
-    }
-    qdict_del(qdict, "qom-type");
-
-    id = g_strdup(qdict_get_try_str(qdict, "id"));
-    if (!id) {
-        error_setg(errp, QERR_MISSING_PARAMETER, "id");
-        return false;
-    }
-    qdict_del(qdict, "id");
-
-    if (keyval) {
-        v = qobject_input_visitor_new_keyval(QOBJECT(qdict));
-    } else {
-        v = qobject_input_visitor_new(QOBJECT(qdict));
-    }
-    obj = user_creatable_add_type(type, id, qdict, v, errp);
-    visit_free(v);
-    object_unref(obj);
-    return !!obj;
-}
-
-Object *user_creatable_add_opts(QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
-{
-    Visitor *v;
-    QDict *pdict;
-    Object *obj;
-    const char *id = qemu_opts_id(opts);
-    char *type = qemu_opt_get_del(opts, "qom-type");
-
-    if (!type) {
-        error_setg(errp, QERR_MISSING_PARAMETER, "qom-type");
-        return NULL;
-    }
-    if (!id) {
-        error_setg(errp, QERR_MISSING_PARAMETER, "id");
-        qemu_opt_set(opts, "qom-type", type, &error_abort);
-        g_free(type);
-        return NULL;
-    }
-
-    qemu_opts_set_id(opts, NULL);
-    pdict = qemu_opts_to_qdict(opts, NULL);
-
-    v = opts_visitor_new(opts);
-    obj = user_creatable_add_type(type, id, pdict, v, errp);
+    v = qobject_output_visitor_new(&qobj);
+    visit_type_ObjectOptions(v, NULL, &options, &error_abort);
+    visit_complete(v, &qobj);
     visit_free(v);
 
-    qemu_opts_set_id(opts, (char *) id);
-    qemu_opt_set(opts, "qom-type", type, &error_abort);
-    g_free(type);
-    qobject_unref(pdict);
-    return obj;
-}
-
+    props = qobject_to(QDict, qobj);
+    qdict_del(props, "qom-type");
+    qdict_del(props, "id");
 
-int user_creatable_add_opts_foreach(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
-{
-    bool (*type_opt_predicate)(const char *, QemuOpts *) = opaque;
-    Object *obj = NULL;
-    const char *type;
-
-    type = qemu_opt_get(opts, "qom-type");
-    if (type && type_opt_predicate &&
-        !type_opt_predicate(type, opts)) {
-        return 0;
-    }
-
-    obj = user_creatable_add_opts(opts, errp);
-    if (!obj) {
-        return -1;
-    }
+    v = qobject_input_visitor_new(QOBJECT(props));
+    obj = user_creatable_add_type(ObjectType_str(options->qom_type),
+                                  options->id, props, v, errp);
     object_unref(obj);
-    return 0;
+    qobject_unref(qobj);
+    visit_free(v);
 }
 
 char *object_property_help(const char *name, const char *type,
@@ -227,11 +169,11 @@ static void user_creatable_print_types(void)
 {
     GSList *l, *list;
 
-    printf("List of user creatable objects:\n");
+    qemu_printf("List of user creatable objects:\n");
     list = object_class_get_list_sorted(TYPE_USER_CREATABLE, false);
     for (l = list; l != NULL; l = l->next) {
         ObjectClass *oc = OBJECT_CLASS(l->data);
-        printf("  %s\n", object_class_get_name(oc));
+        qemu_printf("  %s\n", object_class_get_name(oc));
     }
     g_slist_free(list);
 }
@@ -262,12 +204,12 @@ static bool user_creatable_print_type_properites(const char *type)
     }
     g_ptr_array_sort(array, (GCompareFunc)qemu_pstrcmp0);
     if (array->len > 0) {
-        printf("%s options:\n", type);
+        qemu_printf("%s options:\n", type);
     } else {
-        printf("There are no options for %s.\n", type);
+        qemu_printf("There are no options for %s.\n", type);
     }
     for (i = 0; i < array->len; i++) {
-        printf("%s\n", (char *)array->pdata[i]);
+        qemu_printf("%s\n", (char *)array->pdata[i]);
     }
     g_ptr_array_set_free_func(array, g_free);
     g_ptr_array_free(array, true);
@@ -288,7 +230,7 @@ bool user_creatable_print_help(const char *type, QemuOpts *opts)
     return false;
 }
 
-void user_creatable_print_help_from_qdict(QDict *args)
+static void user_creatable_print_help_from_qdict(QDict *args)
 {
     const char *type = qdict_get_try_str(args, "qom-type");
 
@@ -297,8 +239,68 @@ void user_creatable_print_help_from_qdict(QDict *args)
     }
 }
 
+ObjectOptions *user_creatable_parse_str(const char *optarg, Error **errp)
+{
+    ERRP_GUARD();
+    QObject *obj;
+    bool help;
+    Visitor *v;
+    ObjectOptions *options;
+
+    if (optarg[0] == '{') {
+        obj = qobject_from_json(optarg, errp);
+        if (!obj) {
+            return NULL;
+        }
+        v = qobject_input_visitor_new(obj);
+    } else {
+        QDict *args = keyval_parse(optarg, "qom-type", &help, errp);
+        if (*errp) {
+            return NULL;
+        }
+        if (help) {
+            user_creatable_print_help_from_qdict(args);
+            qobject_unref(args);
+            return NULL;
+        }
+
+        obj = QOBJECT(args);
+        v = qobject_input_visitor_new_keyval(obj);
+    }
+
+    visit_type_ObjectOptions(v, NULL, &options, errp);
+    visit_free(v);
+    qobject_unref(obj);
+
+    return options;
+}
+
+bool user_creatable_add_from_str(const char *optarg, Error **errp)
+{
+    ERRP_GUARD();
+    ObjectOptions *options;
+
+    options = user_creatable_parse_str(optarg, errp);
+    if (!options) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    user_creatable_add_qapi(options, errp);
+    qapi_free_ObjectOptions(options);
+    return !*errp;
+}
+
+void user_creatable_process_cmdline(const char *optarg)
+{
+    if (!user_creatable_add_from_str(optarg, &error_fatal)) {
+        /* Help was printed */
+        exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
+    }
+}
+
 bool user_creatable_del(const char *id, Error **errp)
 {
+    QemuOptsList *opts_list;
     Object *container;
     Object *obj;
 
@@ -318,8 +320,10 @@ bool user_creatable_del(const char *id, Error **errp)
      * if object was defined on the command-line, remove its corresponding
      * option group entry
      */
-    qemu_opts_del(qemu_opts_find(qemu_find_opts_err("object", &error_abort),
-                                 id));
+    opts_list = qemu_find_opts_err("object", NULL);
+    if (opts_list) {
+        qemu_opts_del(qemu_opts_find(opts_list, id));
+    }
 
     object_unparent(obj);
     return true;
diff --git a/qom/qom-qmp-cmds.c b/qom/qom-qmp-cmds.c
index b40ac39f30..2d6f41ecc7 100644
--- a/qom/qom-qmp-cmds.c
+++ b/qom/qom-qmp-cmds.c
@@ -19,8 +19,11 @@
 #include "qapi/error.h"
 #include "qapi/qapi-commands-qdev.h"
 #include "qapi/qapi-commands-qom.h"
+#include "qapi/qapi-visit-qom.h"
 #include "qapi/qmp/qdict.h"
 #include "qapi/qmp/qerror.h"
+#include "qapi/qobject-input-visitor.h"
+#include "qapi/qobject-output-visitor.h"
 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
 #include "qom/object_interfaces.h"
 #include "qom/qom-qobject.h"
@@ -223,30 +226,9 @@ ObjectPropertyInfoList *qmp_qom_list_properties(const char *typename,
     return prop_list;
 }
 
-void qmp_object_add(QDict *qdict, QObject **ret_data, Error **errp)
+void qmp_object_add(ObjectOptions *options, Error **errp)
 {
-    QObject *props;
-    QDict *pdict;
-
-    props = qdict_get(qdict, "props");
-    if (props) {
-        pdict = qobject_to(QDict, props);
-        if (!pdict) {
-            error_setg(errp, QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_TYPE, "props", "dict");
-            return;
-        }
-        qobject_ref(pdict);
-        qdict_del(qdict, "props");
-        qdict_join(qdict, pdict, false);
-        if (qdict_size(pdict) != 0) {
-            error_setg(errp, "Option in 'props' conflicts with top level");
-            qobject_unref(pdict);
-            return;
-        }
-        qobject_unref(pdict);
-    }
-
-    user_creatable_add_dict(qdict, false, errp);
+    user_creatable_add_qapi(options, errp);
 }
 
 void qmp_object_del(const char *id, Error **errp)
diff --git a/softmmu/vl.c b/softmmu/vl.c
index 4208f5f958..cba7ab3441 100644
--- a/softmmu/vl.c
+++ b/softmmu/vl.c
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 #include "hw/qdev-properties.h"
 #include "qapi/error.h"
 #include "qapi/qmp/qdict.h"
+#include "qapi/qmp/qjson.h"
 #include "qemu-version.h"
 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
 #include "qemu/help_option.h"
@@ -117,6 +118,7 @@
 #include "qapi/qapi-commands-block-core.h"
 #include "qapi/qapi-commands-migration.h"
 #include "qapi/qapi-commands-misc.h"
+#include "qapi/qapi-visit-qom.h"
 #include "qapi/qapi-commands-ui.h"
 #include "qapi/qmp/qerror.h"
 #include "sysemu/iothread.h"
@@ -132,10 +134,16 @@ typedef struct BlockdevOptionsQueueEntry {
 
 typedef QSIMPLEQ_HEAD(, BlockdevOptionsQueueEntry) BlockdevOptionsQueue;
 
+typedef struct ObjectOption {
+    ObjectOptions *opts;
+    QTAILQ_ENTRY(ObjectOption) next;
+} ObjectOption;
+
 static const char *cpu_option;
 static const char *mem_path;
 static const char *incoming;
 static const char *loadvm;
+static QTAILQ_HEAD(, ObjectOption) object_opts = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(object_opts);
 static ram_addr_t maxram_size;
 static uint64_t ram_slots;
 static int display_remote;
@@ -1683,6 +1691,58 @@ static int machine_set_property(void *opaque,
     return object_parse_property_opt(opaque, name, value, "type", errp);
 }
 
+static void object_option_foreach_add(bool (*type_opt_predicate)(const char *))
+{
+    ObjectOption *opt, *next;
+
+    QTAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(opt, &object_opts, next, next) {
+        const char *type = ObjectType_str(opt->opts->qom_type);
+        if (type_opt_predicate(type)) {
+            user_creatable_add_qapi(opt->opts, &error_fatal);
+            qapi_free_ObjectOptions(opt->opts);
+            QTAILQ_REMOVE(&object_opts, opt, next);
+            g_free(opt);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static void object_option_parse(const char *optarg)
+{
+    ObjectOption *opt;
+    QemuOpts *opts;
+    const char *type;
+    Visitor *v;
+
+    if (optarg[0] == '{') {
+        QObject *obj = qobject_from_json(optarg, &error_fatal);
+
+        v = qobject_input_visitor_new(obj);
+        qobject_unref(obj);
+    } else {
+        opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("object"),
+                                       optarg, true);
+        if (!opts) {
+            exit(1);
+        }
+
+        type = qemu_opt_get(opts, "qom-type");
+        if (!type) {
+            error_setg(&error_fatal, QERR_MISSING_PARAMETER, "qom-type");
+        }
+        if (user_creatable_print_help(type, opts)) {
+            exit(0);
+        }
+
+        v = opts_visitor_new(opts);
+    }
+
+    opt = g_new0(ObjectOption, 1);
+    visit_type_ObjectOptions(v, NULL, &opt->opts, &error_fatal);
+    visit_free(v);
+
+    QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&object_opts, opt, next);
+}
+
 /*
  * Initial object creation happens before all other
  * QEMU data types are created. The majority of objects
@@ -1690,12 +1750,8 @@ static int machine_set_property(void *opaque,
  * cannot be created here, as it depends on the chardev
  * already existing.
  */
-static bool object_create_early(const char *type, QemuOpts *opts)
+static bool object_create_early(const char *type)
 {
-    if (user_creatable_print_help(type, opts)) {
-        exit(0);
-    }
-
     /*
      * Objects should not be made "delayed" without a reason.  If you
      * add one, state the reason in a comment!
@@ -1814,9 +1870,7 @@ static void qemu_create_early_backends(void)
         exit(1);
     }
 
-    qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("object"),
-                      user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
-                      object_create_early, &error_fatal);
+    object_option_foreach_add(object_create_early);
 
     /* spice needs the timers to be initialized by this point */
     /* spice must initialize before audio as it changes the default auiodev */
@@ -1845,9 +1899,9 @@ static void qemu_create_early_backends(void)
  * The remainder of object creation happens after the
  * creation of chardev, fsdev, net clients and device data types.
  */
-static bool object_create_late(const char *type, QemuOpts *opts)
+static bool object_create_late(const char *type)
 {
-    return !object_create_early(type, opts);
+    return !object_create_early(type);
 }
 
 static void qemu_create_late_backends(void)
@@ -1858,9 +1912,7 @@ static void qemu_create_late_backends(void)
 
     net_init_clients(&error_fatal);
 
-    qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("object"),
-                      user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
-                      object_create_late, &error_fatal);
+    object_option_foreach_add(object_create_late);
 
     if (tpm_init() < 0) {
         exit(1);
@@ -3395,11 +3447,7 @@ void qemu_init(int argc, char **argv, char **envp)
 #endif
                 break;
             case QEMU_OPTION_object:
-                opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("object"),
-                                               optarg, true);
-                if (!opts) {
-                    exit(1);
-                }
+                object_option_parse(optarg);
                 break;
             case QEMU_OPTION_overcommit:
                 opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("overcommit"),
diff --git a/storage-daemon/qapi/qapi-schema.json b/storage-daemon/qapi/qapi-schema.json
index 28117c3aac..67749d1101 100644
--- a/storage-daemon/qapi/qapi-schema.json
+++ b/storage-daemon/qapi/qapi-schema.json
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 { 'include': '../../qapi/crypto.json' }
 { 'include': '../../qapi/introspect.json' }
 { 'include': '../../qapi/job.json' }
+{ 'include': '../../qapi/authz.json' }
 { 'include': '../../qapi/qom.json' }
 { 'include': '../../qapi/sockets.json' }
 { 'include': '../../qapi/transaction.json' }
diff --git a/storage-daemon/qemu-storage-daemon.c b/storage-daemon/qemu-storage-daemon.c
index 23756fc8e5..268078ad2c 100644
--- a/storage-daemon/qemu-storage-daemon.c
+++ b/storage-daemon/qemu-storage-daemon.c
@@ -134,22 +134,11 @@ enum {
 
 extern QemuOptsList qemu_chardev_opts;
 
-static QemuOptsList qemu_object_opts = {
-    .name = "object",
-    .implied_opt_name = "qom-type",
-    .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_object_opts.head),
-    .desc = {
-        { }
-    },
-};
-
 static void init_qmp_commands(void)
 {
     qmp_init_marshal(&qmp_commands);
     qmp_register_command(&qmp_commands, "query-qmp-schema",
                          qmp_query_qmp_schema, QCO_ALLOW_PRECONFIG);
-    qmp_register_command(&qmp_commands, "object-add", qmp_object_add,
-                         QCO_NO_OPTIONS);
 
     QTAILQ_INIT(&qmp_cap_negotiation_commands);
     qmp_register_command(&qmp_cap_negotiation_commands, "qmp_capabilities",
@@ -281,19 +270,8 @@ static void process_options(int argc, char *argv[])
                 break;
             }
         case OPTION_OBJECT:
-            {
-                QDict *args;
-                bool help;
-
-                args = keyval_parse(optarg, "qom-type", &help, &error_fatal);
-                if (help) {
-                    user_creatable_print_help_from_qdict(args);
-                    exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
-                }
-                user_creatable_add_dict(args, true, &error_fatal);
-                qobject_unref(args);
-                break;
-            }
+            user_creatable_process_cmdline(optarg);
+            break;
         case OPTION_PIDFILE:
             pid_file = optarg;
             break;
@@ -340,7 +318,6 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 
     module_call_init(MODULE_INIT_QOM);
     module_call_init(MODULE_INIT_TRACE);
-    qemu_add_opts(&qemu_object_opts);
     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_trace_opts);
     qcrypto_init(&error_fatal);
     bdrv_init();
@@ -368,6 +345,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 
     blk_exp_close_all();
     bdrv_drain_all_begin();
+    job_cancel_sync_all();
     bdrv_close_all();
 
     monitor_cleanup();
diff --git a/tests/qemu-iotests/tests/qsd-jobs b/tests/qemu-iotests/tests/qsd-jobs
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..972b6b3898
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/qemu-iotests/tests/qsd-jobs
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# group: rw auto quick qsd
+#
+# Job tests related specifically to qemu-storage-daemon
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2021 Red Hat, Inc.
+#
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+
+# creator
+owner=kwolf@redhat.com
+
+seq="$(basename $0)"
+echo "QA output created by $seq"
+
+status=1	# failure is the default!
+
+_cleanup()
+{
+    _cleanup_test_img
+    rm -f "$SOCK_DIR/nbd.sock"
+}
+trap "_cleanup; exit \$status" 0 1 2 3 15
+
+# get standard environment, filters and checks
+cd ..
+. ./common.rc
+. ./common.filter
+
+_supported_fmt qcow2
+_supported_proto generic
+
+size=128M
+
+TEST_IMG="$TEST_IMG.base" _make_test_img $size
+_make_test_img -b "$TEST_IMG.base" -F $IMGFMT
+
+echo
+echo "=== Job still present at shutdown ==="
+echo
+
+# Just make sure that this doesn't crash
+$QSD --chardev stdio,id=stdio --monitor chardev=stdio \
+    --blockdev node-name=file0,driver=file,filename="$TEST_IMG" \
+    --blockdev node-name=fmt0,driver=qcow2,file=file0 <<EOF | _filter_qmp
+{"execute":"qmp_capabilities"}
+{"execute": "block-commit", "arguments": {"device": "fmt0", "job-id": "job0"}}
+{"execute": "quit"}
+EOF
+
+echo
+echo "=== Streaming can't get permission on base node ==="
+echo
+
+# Just make sure that this doesn't crash
+$QSD --chardev stdio,id=stdio --monitor chardev=stdio \
+    --blockdev node-name=file_base,driver=file,filename="$TEST_IMG.base" \
+    --blockdev node-name=fmt_base,driver=qcow2,file=file_base \
+    --blockdev node-name=file_overlay,driver=file,filename="$TEST_IMG" \
+    --blockdev node-name=fmt_overlay,driver=qcow2,file=file_overlay,backing=fmt_base \
+    --nbd-server addr.type=unix,addr.path="$SOCK_DIR/nbd.sock" \
+    --export type=nbd,id=export1,node-name=fmt_base,writable=on,name=export1 \
+    <<EOF | _filter_qmp
+{"execute": "qmp_capabilities"}
+{"execute": "block-stream",
+  "arguments": {"device": "fmt_overlay", "job-id": "job0"}}
+{"execute": "quit"}
+EOF
+
+# success, all done
+echo "*** done"
+rm -f $seq.full
+status=0
+
diff --git a/tests/qemu-iotests/tests/qsd-jobs.out b/tests/qemu-iotests/tests/qsd-jobs.out
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..05e1165e80
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/qemu-iotests/tests/qsd-jobs.out
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+QA output created by qsd-jobs
+Formatting 'TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT.base', fmt=IMGFMT size=134217728
+Formatting 'TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT', fmt=IMGFMT size=134217728 backing_file=TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT.base backing_fmt=IMGFMT
+
+=== Job still present at shutdown ===
+
+QMP_VERSION
+{"return": {}}
+{"timestamp": {"seconds":  TIMESTAMP, "microseconds":  TIMESTAMP}, "event": "JOB_STATUS_CHANGE", "data": {"status": "created", "id": "job0"}}
+{"timestamp": {"seconds":  TIMESTAMP, "microseconds":  TIMESTAMP}, "event": "JOB_STATUS_CHANGE", "data": {"status": "running", "id": "job0"}}
+{"return": {}}
+{"timestamp": {"seconds":  TIMESTAMP, "microseconds":  TIMESTAMP}, "event": "JOB_STATUS_CHANGE", "data": {"status": "ready", "id": "job0"}}
+{"timestamp": {"seconds":  TIMESTAMP, "microseconds":  TIMESTAMP}, "event": "BLOCK_JOB_READY", "data": {"device": "job0", "len": 0, "offset": 0, "speed": 0, "type": "commit"}}
+{"return": {}}
+{"timestamp": {"seconds":  TIMESTAMP, "microseconds":  TIMESTAMP}, "event": "JOB_STATUS_CHANGE", "data": {"status": "standby", "id": "job0"}}
+{"timestamp": {"seconds":  TIMESTAMP, "microseconds":  TIMESTAMP}, "event": "JOB_STATUS_CHANGE", "data": {"status": "ready", "id": "job0"}}
+{"timestamp": {"seconds":  TIMESTAMP, "microseconds":  TIMESTAMP}, "event": "JOB_STATUS_CHANGE", "data": {"status": "waiting", "id": "job0"}}
+{"timestamp": {"seconds":  TIMESTAMP, "microseconds":  TIMESTAMP}, "event": "JOB_STATUS_CHANGE", "data": {"status": "pending", "id": "job0"}}
+{"timestamp": {"seconds":  TIMESTAMP, "microseconds":  TIMESTAMP}, "event": "BLOCK_JOB_COMPLETED", "data": {"device": "job0", "len": 0, "offset": 0, "speed": 0, "type": "commit"}}
+{"timestamp": {"seconds":  TIMESTAMP, "microseconds":  TIMESTAMP}, "event": "JOB_STATUS_CHANGE", "data": {"status": "concluded", "id": "job0"}}
+{"timestamp": {"seconds":  TIMESTAMP, "microseconds":  TIMESTAMP}, "event": "JOB_STATUS_CHANGE", "data": {"status": "null", "id": "job0"}}
+
+=== Streaming can't get permission on base node ===
+
+QMP_VERSION
+{"return": {}}
+{"timestamp": {"seconds":  TIMESTAMP, "microseconds":  TIMESTAMP}, "event": "JOB_STATUS_CHANGE", "data": {"status": "created", "id": "job0"}}
+{"timestamp": {"seconds":  TIMESTAMP, "microseconds":  TIMESTAMP}, "event": "JOB_STATUS_CHANGE", "data": {"status": "null", "id": "job0"}}
+{"error": {"class": "GenericError", "desc": "Conflicts with use by a block device as 'root', which uses 'write' on fmt_base"}}
+{"return": {}}
+{"timestamp": {"seconds":  TIMESTAMP, "microseconds":  TIMESTAMP}, "event": "BLOCK_EXPORT_DELETED", "data": {"id": "export1"}}
+*** done
diff --git a/tests/qtest/qmp-cmd-test.c b/tests/qtest/qmp-cmd-test.c
index 1c7186e53c..c98b78d033 100644
--- a/tests/qtest/qmp-cmd-test.c
+++ b/tests/qtest/qmp-cmd-test.c
@@ -230,14 +230,14 @@ static void test_object_add_failure_modes(void)
     /* attempt to create 2 objects with duplicate id */
     resp = qtest_qmp(qts, "{'execute': 'object-add', 'arguments':"
                      " {'qom-type': 'memory-backend-ram', 'id': 'ram1',"
-                     " 'props': {'size': 1048576 } } }");
+                     " 'size': 1048576 } }");
     g_assert_nonnull(resp);
     g_assert(qdict_haskey(resp, "return"));
     qobject_unref(resp);
 
     resp = qtest_qmp(qts, "{'execute': 'object-add', 'arguments':"
                      " {'qom-type': 'memory-backend-ram', 'id': 'ram1',"
-                     " 'props': {'size': 1048576 } } }");
+                     " 'size': 1048576 } }");
     g_assert_nonnull(resp);
     qmp_expect_error_and_unref(resp, "GenericError");
 
@@ -251,14 +251,14 @@ static void test_object_add_failure_modes(void)
     /* attempt to create an object with a property of a wrong type */
     resp = qtest_qmp(qts, "{'execute': 'object-add', 'arguments':"
                      " {'qom-type': 'memory-backend-ram', 'id': 'ram1',"
-                     " 'props': {'size': '1048576' } } }");
+                     " 'size': '1048576' } }");
     g_assert_nonnull(resp);
     /* now do it right */
     qmp_expect_error_and_unref(resp, "GenericError");
 
     resp = qtest_qmp(qts, "{'execute': 'object-add', 'arguments':"
                      " {'qom-type': 'memory-backend-ram', 'id': 'ram1',"
-                     " 'props': {'size': 1048576 } } }");
+                     " 'size': 1048576 } }");
     g_assert_nonnull(resp);
     g_assert(qdict_haskey(resp, "return"));
     qobject_unref(resp);
@@ -273,14 +273,14 @@ static void test_object_add_failure_modes(void)
     /* attempt to create an object without the id */
     resp = qtest_qmp(qts, "{'execute': 'object-add', 'arguments':"
                      " {'qom-type': 'memory-backend-ram',"
-                     " 'props': {'size': 1048576 } } }");
+                     " 'size': 1048576 } }");
     g_assert_nonnull(resp);
     qmp_expect_error_and_unref(resp, "GenericError");
 
     /* now do it right */
     resp = qtest_qmp(qts, "{'execute': 'object-add', 'arguments':"
                      " {'qom-type': 'memory-backend-ram', 'id': 'ram1',"
-                     " 'props': {'size': 1048576 } } }");
+                     " 'size': 1048576 } }");
     g_assert_nonnull(resp);
     g_assert(qdict_haskey(resp, "return"));
     qobject_unref(resp);
@@ -295,14 +295,14 @@ static void test_object_add_failure_modes(void)
     /* attempt to set a non existing property */
     resp = qtest_qmp(qts, "{'execute': 'object-add', 'arguments':"
                      " {'qom-type': 'memory-backend-ram', 'id': 'ram1',"
-                     " 'props': {'sized': 1048576 } } }");
+                     " 'sized': 1048576 } }");
     g_assert_nonnull(resp);
     qmp_expect_error_and_unref(resp, "GenericError");
 
     /* now do it right */
     resp = qtest_qmp(qts, "{'execute': 'object-add', 'arguments':"
                      " {'qom-type': 'memory-backend-ram', 'id': 'ram1',"
-                     " 'props': {'size': 1048576 } } }");
+                     " 'size': 1048576 } }");
     g_assert_nonnull(resp);
     g_assert(qdict_haskey(resp, "return"));
     qobject_unref(resp);
diff --git a/tests/qtest/test-netfilter.c b/tests/qtest/test-netfilter.c
index 22927ee6ab..785b6f3226 100644
--- a/tests/qtest/test-netfilter.c
+++ b/tests/qtest/test-netfilter.c
@@ -21,11 +21,10 @@ static void add_one_netfilter(void)
                    " 'arguments': {"
                    "   'qom-type': 'filter-buffer',"
                    "   'id': 'qtest-f0',"
-                   "   'props': {"
-                   "     'netdev': 'qtest-bn0',"
-                   "     'queue': 'rx',"
-                   "     'interval': 1000"
-                   "}}}");
+                   "   'netdev': 'qtest-bn0',"
+                   "   'queue': 'rx',"
+                   "   'interval': 1000"
+                   "}}");
 
     g_assert(response);
     g_assert(!qdict_haskey(response, "error"));
@@ -49,11 +48,10 @@ static void remove_netdev_with_one_netfilter(void)
                    " 'arguments': {"
                    "   'qom-type': 'filter-buffer',"
                    "   'id': 'qtest-f0',"
-                   "   'props': {"
-                   "     'netdev': 'qtest-bn0',"
-                   "     'queue': 'rx',"
-                   "     'interval': 1000"
-                   "}}}");
+                   "   'netdev': 'qtest-bn0',"
+                   "   'queue': 'rx',"
+                   "   'interval': 1000"
+                   "}}");
 
     g_assert(response);
     g_assert(!qdict_haskey(response, "error"));
@@ -87,11 +85,10 @@ static void add_multi_netfilter(void)
                    " 'arguments': {"
                    "   'qom-type': 'filter-buffer',"
                    "   'id': 'qtest-f0',"
-                   "   'props': {"
-                   "     'netdev': 'qtest-bn0',"
-                   "     'queue': 'rx',"
-                   "     'interval': 1000"
-                   "}}}");
+                   "   'netdev': 'qtest-bn0',"
+                   "   'queue': 'rx',"
+                   "   'interval': 1000"
+                   "}}");
 
     g_assert(response);
     g_assert(!qdict_haskey(response, "error"));
@@ -101,11 +98,10 @@ static void add_multi_netfilter(void)
                    " 'arguments': {"
                    "   'qom-type': 'filter-buffer',"
                    "   'id': 'qtest-f1',"
-                   "   'props': {"
-                   "     'netdev': 'qtest-bn0',"
-                   "     'queue': 'rx',"
-                   "     'interval': 1000"
-                   "}}}");
+                   "   'netdev': 'qtest-bn0',"
+                   "   'queue': 'rx',"
+                   "   'interval': 1000"
+                   "}}");
 
     g_assert(response);
     g_assert(!qdict_haskey(response, "error"));
@@ -137,11 +133,10 @@ static void remove_netdev_with_multi_netfilter(void)
                    " 'arguments': {"
                    "   'qom-type': 'filter-buffer',"
                    "   'id': 'qtest-f0',"
-                   "   'props': {"
-                   "     'netdev': 'qtest-bn0',"
-                   "     'queue': 'rx',"
-                   "     'interval': 1000"
-                   "}}}");
+                   "   'netdev': 'qtest-bn0',"
+                   "   'queue': 'rx',"
+                   "   'interval': 1000"
+                   "}}");
 
     g_assert(response);
     g_assert(!qdict_haskey(response, "error"));
@@ -151,11 +146,10 @@ static void remove_netdev_with_multi_netfilter(void)
                    " 'arguments': {"
                    "   'qom-type': 'filter-buffer',"
                    "   'id': 'qtest-f1',"
-                   "   'props': {"
-                   "     'netdev': 'qtest-bn0',"
-                   "     'queue': 'rx',"
-                   "     'interval': 1000"
-                   "}}}");
+                   "   'netdev': 'qtest-bn0',"
+                   "   'queue': 'rx',"
+                   "   'interval': 1000"
+                   "}}");
 
     g_assert(response);
     g_assert(!qdict_haskey(response, "error"));
diff --git a/tests/unit/check-qom-proplist.c b/tests/unit/check-qom-proplist.c
index 1b76581980..48503e0dff 100644
--- a/tests/unit/check-qom-proplist.c
+++ b/tests/unit/check-qom-proplist.c
@@ -21,6 +21,9 @@
 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
 
 #include "qapi/error.h"
+#include "qapi/qobject-input-visitor.h"
+#include "qapi/qmp/qdict.h"
+#include "qapi/qmp/qobject.h"
 #include "qom/object.h"
 #include "qemu/module.h"
 #include "qemu/option.h"
@@ -398,44 +401,74 @@ static void test_dummy_createlist(void)
     object_unparent(OBJECT(dobj));
 }
 
+static bool test_create_obj(QDict *qdict, Error **errp)
+{
+    Visitor *v = qobject_input_visitor_new_keyval(QOBJECT(qdict));
+    Object *obj = user_creatable_add_type(TYPE_DUMMY, "dev0", qdict, v, errp);
+
+    visit_free(v);
+    object_unref(obj);
+    return !!obj;
+}
+
 static void test_dummy_createcmdl(void)
 {
-    QemuOpts *opts;
+    QDict *qdict;
     DummyObject *dobj;
     Error *err = NULL;
-    const char *params = TYPE_DUMMY \
-                         ",id=dev0," \
-                         "bv=yes,sv=Hiss hiss hiss,av=platypus";
+    bool created, help;
+    const char *params = "bv=yes,sv=Hiss hiss hiss,av=platypus";
 
+    /* Needed for user_creatable_del.  */
     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_object_opts);
-    opts = qemu_opts_parse(&qemu_object_opts, params, true, &err);
+
+    qdict = keyval_parse(params, "qom-type", &help, &err);
     g_assert(err == NULL);
-    g_assert(opts);
+    g_assert(qdict);
+    g_assert(!help);
 
-    dobj = DUMMY_OBJECT(user_creatable_add_opts(opts, &err));
+    created = test_create_obj(qdict, &err);
+    g_assert(created);
     g_assert(err == NULL);
+    qobject_unref(qdict);
+
+    dobj = DUMMY_OBJECT(object_resolve_path_component(object_get_objects_root(),
+                                                      "dev0"));
     g_assert(dobj);
     g_assert_cmpstr(dobj->sv, ==, "Hiss hiss hiss");
     g_assert(dobj->bv == true);
     g_assert(dobj->av == DUMMY_PLATYPUS);
 
+    qdict = keyval_parse(params, "qom-type", &help, &err);
+    created = test_create_obj(qdict, &err);
+    g_assert(!created);
+    g_assert(err);
+    g_assert(object_resolve_path_component(object_get_objects_root(), "dev0")
+             == OBJECT(dobj));
+    qobject_unref(qdict);
+    error_free(err);
+    err = NULL;
+
+    qdict = keyval_parse(params, "qom-type", &help, &err);
     user_creatable_del("dev0", &error_abort);
+    g_assert(object_resolve_path_component(object_get_objects_root(), "dev0")
+             == NULL);
 
-    object_unref(OBJECT(dobj));
-
-    /*
-     * cmdline-parsing via qemu_opts_parse() results in a QemuOpts entry
-     * corresponding to the Object's ID to be added to the QemuOptsList
-     * for objects. To avoid having this entry conflict with future
-     * Objects using the same ID (which can happen in cases where
-     * qemu_opts_parse() is used to parse the object params, such as
-     * with hmp_object_add() at the time of this comment), we need to
-     * check for this in user_creatable_del() and remove the QemuOpts if
-     * it is present.
-     *
-     * The below check ensures this works as expected.
-     */
-    g_assert_null(qemu_opts_find(&qemu_object_opts, "dev0"));
+    created = test_create_obj(qdict, &err);
+    g_assert(created);
+    g_assert(err == NULL);
+    qobject_unref(qdict);
+
+    dobj = DUMMY_OBJECT(object_resolve_path_component(object_get_objects_root(),
+                                                      "dev0"));
+    g_assert(dobj);
+    g_assert_cmpstr(dobj->sv, ==, "Hiss hiss hiss");
+    g_assert(dobj->bv == true);
+    g_assert(dobj->av == DUMMY_PLATYPUS);
+    g_assert(object_resolve_path_component(object_get_objects_root(), "dev0")
+             == OBJECT(dobj));
+
+    object_unparent(OBJECT(dobj));
 }
 
 static void test_dummy_badenum(void)
diff --git a/tests/unit/test-char.c b/tests/unit/test-char.c
index 755d54c15e..5b3b48ebac 100644
--- a/tests/unit/test-char.c
+++ b/tests/unit/test-char.c
@@ -1199,12 +1199,6 @@ static void char_serial_test(void)
     /* TODO: add more tests with a pty */
     object_unparent(OBJECT(chr));
 
-    /* test tty alias */
-    qemu_opt_set(opts, "backend", "tty", &error_abort);
-    chr = qemu_chr_new_from_opts(opts, NULL, &error_abort);
-    g_assert_nonnull(chr);
-    object_unparent(OBJECT(chr));
-
     qemu_opts_del(opts);
 }
 #endif