path: root/fcgi.c

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2021 Omar Polo <op@omarpolo.com>
 *
 * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
 * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
 * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
 * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
 * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
 * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
 * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
 * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
 * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
 */

#include "gmid.h"

#include <assert.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>

/*
 * Sometimes it can be useful to inspect the fastcgi traffic as
 * received by gmid.
 *
 * This will make gmid connect to a `debug.sock' socket (that must
 * exists) in the current directory and send there a copy of what gets
 * read.  The socket can be created and monitored e.g. with
 *
 *	rm -f debug.sock ; nc -Ulk ./debug.sock | hexdump -C
 *
 * NB: the sandbox must be disabled for this to work.
 */
#define DEBUG_FCGI 0

#if DEBUG_FCGI
# include <sys/un.h>
static int debug_socket = -1;
#endif

struct fcgi_header {
	unsigned char version;
	unsigned char type;
	unsigned char req_id1;
	unsigned char req_id0;
	unsigned char content_len1;
	unsigned char content_len0;
	unsigned char padding;
	unsigned char reserved;
};

/*
 * number of bytes in a FCGI_HEADER.  Future version of the protocol
 * will not reduce this number.
 */
#define FCGI_HEADER_LEN	8

/*
 * values for the version component
 */
#define FCGI_VERSION_1	1

/*
 * values for the type component
 */
#define FCGI_BEGIN_REQUEST	 1
#define FCGI_ABORT_REQUEST	 2
#define FCGI_END_REQUEST	 3
#define FCGI_PARAMS		 4
#define FCGI_STDIN		 5
#define FCGI_STDOUT		 6
#define FCGI_STDERR		 7
#define FCGI_DATA		 8
#define FCGI_GET_VALUES		 9
#define FCGI_GET_VALUES_RESULT	10
#define FCGI_UNKNOWN_TYPE	11
#define FCGI_MAXTYPE		(FCGI_UNKNOWN_TYPE)

struct fcgi_begin_req {
	unsigned char role1;
	unsigned char role0;
	unsigned char flags;
	unsigned char reserved[5];
};

struct fcgi_begin_req_record {
	struct fcgi_header	header;
	struct fcgi_begin_req	body;
};

/*
 * mask for flags;
 */
#define FCGI_KEEP_CONN		1

/*
 * values for the role
 */
#define FCGI_RESPONDER	1
#define FCGI_AUTHORIZER	2
#define FCGI_FILTER	3

struct fcgi_end_req_body {
	unsigned char app_status3;
	unsigned char app_status2;
	unsigned char app_status1;
	unsigned char app_status0;
	unsigned char proto_status;
	unsigned char reserved[3];
};

/*
 * values for proto_status
 */
#define FCGI_REQUEST_COMPLETE	0
#define FCGI_CANT_MPX_CONN	1
#define FCGI_OVERLOADED		2
#define FCGI_UNKNOWN_ROLE	3

/*
 * Variable names for FCGI_GET_VALUES / FCGI_GET_VALUES_RESULT
 * records.
 */
#define FCGI_MAX_CONNS	"FCGI_MAX_CONNS"
#define FCGI_MAX_REQS	"FCGI_MAX_REQS"
#define FCGI_MPXS_CONNS	"FCGI_MPXS_CONNS"

static int
prepare_header(struct fcgi_header *h, int type, int id, size_t size,
    size_t padding)
{
	memset(h, 0, sizeof(*h));

	/*
	 * id=0 is reserved for status messages.
	 */
	id++;

	h->version = FCGI_VERSION_1;
        h->type = type;
	h->req_id1 = (id >> 8);
	h->req_id0 = (id & 0xFF);
	h->content_len1 = (size >> 8);
	h->content_len0 = (size & 0xFF);
	h->padding = padding;

	return 0;
}

static int
fcgi_begin_request(struct bufferevent *bev, int id)
{
	struct fcgi_begin_req_record r;

	if (id > UINT16_MAX)
		return -1;

	memset(&r, 0, sizeof(r));
	prepare_header(&r.header, FCGI_BEGIN_REQUEST, id,
	    sizeof(r.body), 0);
	assert(sizeof(r.body) == FCGI_HEADER_LEN);

	r.body.role1 = 0;
	r.body.role0 = FCGI_RESPONDER;
	r.body.flags = FCGI_KEEP_CONN;

	if (bufferevent_write(bev, &r, sizeof(r)) == -1)
		return -1;
	return 0;
}

static int
fcgi_send_param(struct bufferevent *bev, int id, const char *name,
    const char *value)
{
	struct fcgi_header	h;
        uint32_t		namlen, vallen, padlen;
	uint8_t			s[8];
	size_t			size;
	char			padding[8] = { 0 };

	namlen = strlen(name);
	vallen = strlen(value);
	size = namlen + vallen + 8; /* 4 for the sizes */
	padlen = (8 - (size & 0x7)) & 0x7;

	s[0] = ( namlen >> 24)         | 0x80;
	s[1] = ((namlen >> 16) & 0xFF);
	s[2] = ((namlen >>  8) & 0xFF);
	s[3] = ( namlen        & 0xFF);

	s[4] = ( vallen >> 24)         | 0x80;
	s[5] = ((vallen >> 16) & 0xFF);
	s[6] = ((vallen >>  8) & 0xFF);
	s[7] = ( vallen        & 0xFF);

	prepare_header(&h, FCGI_PARAMS, id, size, padlen);

	if (bufferevent_write(bev, &h, sizeof(h))   == -1 ||
	    bufferevent_write(bev, s, sizeof(s))    == -1 ||
	    bufferevent_write(bev, name, namlen)    == -1 ||
	    bufferevent_write(bev, value, vallen)   == -1 ||
	    bufferevent_write(bev, padding, padlen) == -1)
		return -1;

	return 0;
}

static int
fcgi_end_param(struct bufferevent *bev, int id)
{
	struct fcgi_header h;

	prepare_header(&h, FCGI_PARAMS, id, 0, 0);
	if (bufferevent_write(bev, &h, sizeof(h)) == -1)
		return -1;

	prepare_header(&h, FCGI_STDIN, id, 0, 0);
	if (bufferevent_write(bev, &h, sizeof(h)) == -1)
		return -1;

	return 0;
}

static int
fcgi_abort_request(struct bufferevent *bev, int id)
{
	struct fcgi_header h;

	prepare_header(&h, FCGI_ABORT_REQUEST, id, 0, 0);
	if (bufferevent_write(bev, &h, sizeof(h)) == -1)
		return -1;

	return 0;
}

static inline int
recid(struct fcgi_header *h)
{
	return h->req_id0 + (h->req_id1 << 8) - 1;
}

static inline int
reclen(struct fcgi_header *h)
{
	return h->content_len0 + (h->content_len1 << 8);
}

static void
copy_mbuf(int fd, short ev, void *d)
{
	struct client	*c = d;
	struct mbuf	*mbuf;
	size_t		 len;
	ssize_t		 r;
	char		*data;

        for (;;) {
		mbuf = TAILQ_FIRST(&c->mbufhead);
		if (mbuf == NULL)
			break;

		len = mbuf->len - mbuf->off;
		data = mbuf->data + mbuf->off;
		switch (r = tls_write(c->ctx, data, len)) {
		case -1:
			/*
			 * Can't close_conn here.  The application
			 * needs to be informed first, otherwise it
			 * can interfere with future connections.
			 * Check also that we're not doing recursion
			 * (copy_mbuf -> handle_fcgi -> copy_mbuf ...)
			 */
			if (c->next != NULL)
				goto end;
			fcgi_abort_request(0, c->id);
			return;
		case TLS_WANT_POLLIN:
			event_once(c->fd, EV_READ, &copy_mbuf, c, NULL);
			return;
		case TLS_WANT_POLLOUT:
			event_once(c->fd, EV_WRITE, &copy_mbuf, c, NULL);
			return;
		}
		mbuf->off += r;

		if (mbuf->off == mbuf->len) {
			TAILQ_REMOVE(&c->mbufhead, mbuf, mbufs);
			free(mbuf);
		}
	}

end:
	if (c->next != NULL)
		c->next(0, 0, c);
}

void
fcgi_close_backend(struct fcgi *f)
{
	bufferevent_free(f->bev);
	f->bev = NULL;
	close(fcgi->fd);
	fcgi->fd = -1;
	fcgi->pending = 0;
	fcgi->s = FCGI_OFF;
}

void
fcgi_read(struct bufferevent *bev, void *d)
{
	struct fcgi		*fcgi = d;
	struct evbuffer		*src = EVBUFFER_INPUT(bev);
	struct fcgi_header	 hdr;
	struct fcgi_end_req_body end;
	struct client		*c;
	struct mbuf		*mbuf;
	size_t			 len;

#if DEBUG_FCGI
	if (debug_socket == -1) {
		struct sockaddr_un addr;

		if ((debug_socket = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == -1)
			err(1, "socket");

		memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
		addr.sun_family = AF_UNIX;
		strlcpy(addr.sun_path, "./debug.sock", sizeof(addr.sun_path));
		if (connect(debug_socket, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, sizeof(addr))
		    == -1)
			err(1, "connect");
	}
#endif

	for (;;) {
		if (EVBUFFER_LENGTH(src) < sizeof(hdr))
			return;

		memcpy(&hdr, EVBUFFER_DATA(src), sizeof(hdr));

		c = try_client_by_id(recid(&hdr));
		if (c == NULL) {
			log_err(NULL,
			    "got invalid client id %d from fcgi backend %d",
			    recid(&hdr), fcgi->id);
			goto err;
		}

		len = reclen(&hdr);

		if (EVBUFFER_LENGTH(src) < sizeof(hdr) + len + hdr.padding)
			return;

#if DEBUG_FCGI
		write(debug_socket, EVBUFFER_DATA(src),
		    sizeof(hdr) + len + hdr.padding);
#endif

		evbuffer_drain(src, sizeof(hdr));

		switch (hdr.type) {
		case FCGI_END_REQUEST:
			if (len != sizeof(end)) {
				log_err(NULL,
				    "got invalid end request record size");
				goto err;
			}
			bufferevent_read(bev, &end, sizeof(end));

			/* TODO: do something with the status? */
			fcgi->pending--;
			c->fcgi = -1;
			c->next = close_conn;
			event_once(c->fd, EV_WRITE, &copy_mbuf, c, NULL);
			break;

		case FCGI_STDERR:
			/* discard stderr (for now) */
			evbuffer_drain(src, len);
			break;

		case FCGI_STDOUT:
			if ((mbuf = calloc(1, sizeof(*mbuf) + len)) == NULL)
				fatal("calloc");
			mbuf->len = len;
			bufferevent_read(bev, mbuf->data, len);

			if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&c->mbufhead))
				event_once(c->fd, EV_WRITE, &copy_mbuf,
				    c, NULL);

			TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&c->mbufhead, mbuf, mbufs);
			break;

		default:
			log_err(NULL, "got invalid fcgi record (type=%d)",
			    hdr.type);
			goto err;
		}

		evbuffer_drain(src, hdr.padding);

		if (fcgi->pending == 0 && shutting_down) {
			fcgi_error(bev, EVBUFFER_EOF, fcgi);
			return;
		}
	}

err:
	fcgi_error(bev, EVBUFFER_ERROR, fcgi);
}

void
fcgi_write(struct bufferevent *bev, void *d)
{
	/*
	 * There's no much use for the write callback.
	 */
	return;
}

void
fcgi_error(struct bufferevent *bev, short err, void *d)
{
	struct fcgi	*fcgi = d;
	struct client	*c;
	size_t		 i;

	if (!(err & (EVBUFFER_ERROR|EVBUFFER_EOF)))
		log_warn(NULL, "unknown event error (%x): %s",
		    err, strerror(errno));

	for (i = 0; i < MAX_USERS; ++i) {
		c = &clients[i];

		if (c->fcgi != fcgi->id)
			continue;

		if (c->code != 0)
			close_conn(0, 0, 0);
		else
			start_reply(c, CGI_ERROR, "CGI error");
	}

	fcgi_close_backend(fcgi);
}

void
fcgi_req(struct fcgi *f, struct client *c)
{
	char		 addr[NI_MAXHOST], buf[22];
	int		 e;
	time_t		 tim;
	struct tm	 tminfo;
	struct envlist	*p;

	f->pending++;

	e = getnameinfo((struct sockaddr*)&c->addr, sizeof(c->addr),
	    addr, sizeof(addr),
	    NULL, 0,
	    NI_NUMERICHOST);
	if (e != 0)
		fatal("getnameinfo failed: %s (%s)",
		    gai_strerror(e), strerror(errno));

	c->next = NULL;

	fcgi_begin_request(f->bev, c->id);
	fcgi_send_param(f->bev, c->id, "GATEWAY_INTERFACE", "CGI/1.1");
	fcgi_send_param(f->bev, c->id, "GEMINI_URL_PATH", c->iri.path);
	fcgi_send_param(f->bev, c->id, "QUERY_STRING", c->iri.query);
	fcgi_send_param(f->bev, c->id, "REMOTE_ADDR", addr);
	fcgi_send_param(f->bev, c->id, "REMOTE_HOST", addr);
	fcgi_send_param(f->bev, c->id, "REQUEST_METHOD", "");
	fcgi_send_param(f->bev, c->id, "SERVER_NAME", c->iri.host);
	fcgi_send_param(f->bev, c->id, "SERVER_PROTOCOL", "GEMINI");
	fcgi_send_param(f->bev, c->id, "SERVER_SOFTWARE", GMID_VERSION);

	if (tls_peer_cert_provided(c->ctx)) {
		fcgi_send_param(f->bev, c->id, "AUTH_TYPE", "CERTIFICATE");
		fcgi_send_param(f->bev, c->id, "REMOTE_USER",
		    tls_peer_cert_subject(c->ctx));
		fcgi_send_param(f->bev, c->id, "TLS_CLIENT_ISSUER",
		    tls_peer_cert_issuer(c->ctx));
		fcgi_send_param(f->bev, c->id, "TLS_CLIENT_HASH",
		    tls_peer_cert_hash(c->ctx));
		fcgi_send_param(f->bev, c->id, "TLS_VERSION",
		    tls_conn_version(c->ctx));
		fcgi_send_param(f->bev, c->id, "TLS_CIPHER",
		    tls_conn_cipher(c->ctx));

		snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d",
		    tls_conn_cipher_strength(c->ctx));
		fcgi_send_param(f->bev, c->id, "TLS_CIPHER_STRENGTH", buf);

		tim = tls_peer_cert_notbefore(c->ctx);
		strftime(buf, sizeof(buf), "%FT%TZ",
		    gmtime_r(&tim, &tminfo));
		fcgi_send_param(f->bev, c->id, "TLS_CLIENT_NOT_BEFORE", buf);

		tim = tls_peer_cert_notafter(c->ctx);
		strftime(buf, sizeof(buf), "%FT%TZ",
		    gmtime_r(&tim, &tminfo));
		fcgi_send_param(f->bev, c->id, "TLS_CLIENT_NOT_AFTER", buf);

		TAILQ_FOREACH(p, &c->host->params, envs) {
			fcgi_send_param(f->bev, c->id, p->name, p->value);
		}
	} else
		fcgi_send_param(f->bev, c->id, "AUTH_TYPE", "");

	if (fcgi_end_param(f->bev, c->id) == -1)
		fcgi_error(f->bev, EVBUFFER_ERROR, f);
}