Added /upgrade endpoint (#2307)

* Added /upgrade endpoint

* fix

* Fix lints

* More lint lifex

* Move room upgrading to the roomserver

* Remove extraneous arg

* Fix HTTP API for `PerformUpgrade`

* Reduce number of API calls in `generateInitialEvents`, preserve membership fields

* Refactor `generateInitialEvents` to preserve old state events for all but the essential room setup events

* Handle ban events in the state transfer

* Refactor and comment `createTemporaryPowerLevels`

* Only send two power levels if we needed to override the levels, preserve miscellaneous fields in the create event

* Fix copyrights

* Review comments @S7evinK

* Update sytest whitelist

* Specify empty state keys, use `EventLevel`, remove unnecessary check on state copy

* Add comment to `restrictOldRoomPowerLevels`

* Ensure canonical aliases exist before clearing

* Copy invites as well as bans

* Fix return error on `m.room.tombstone` handling in client API

* Relax checks for well-formedness of join rules, membership event etc

Co-authored-by: Alex Kursell <alex@awk.run>
Co-authored-by: Neil Alexander <neilalexander@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: kegsay <kegan@matrix.org>

2 files changed, 714 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/roomserver/internal/api.go b/roomserver/internal/api.go
index f96cefcb..59f485cf 100644
--- a/roomserver/internal/api.go
+++ b/roomserver/internal/api.go
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ type RoomserverInternalAPI struct {
 	*perform.Publisher
 	*perform.Backfiller
 	*perform.Forgetter
+	*perform.Upgrader
 	ProcessContext         *process.ProcessContext
 	DB                     storage.Database
 	Cfg                    *config.RoomServer
@@ -159,6 +160,10 @@ func (r *RoomserverInternalAPI) SetFederationAPI(fsAPI fsAPI.FederationInternalA
 	r.Forgetter = &perform.Forgetter{
 		DB: r.DB,
 	}
+	r.Upgrader = &perform.Upgrader{
+		Cfg:    r.Cfg,
+		URSAPI: r,
+	}
 
 	if err := r.Inputer.Start(); err != nil {
 		logrus.WithError(err).Panic("failed to start roomserver input API")
diff --git a/roomserver/internal/perform/perform_upgrade.go b/roomserver/internal/perform/perform_upgrade.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..fcd19b93
--- /dev/null
+++ b/roomserver/internal/perform/perform_upgrade.go
@@ -0,0 +1,709 @@
+// Copyright 2022 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package perform
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/internal/eventutil"
+	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/roomserver/api"
+	"github.com/matrix-org/dendrite/setup/config"
+	"github.com/matrix-org/gomatrixserverlib"
+	"github.com/matrix-org/util"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+type Upgrader struct {
+	Cfg    *config.RoomServer
+	URSAPI api.RoomserverInternalAPI
+}
+
+// fledglingEvent is a helper representation of an event used when creating many events in succession.
+type fledglingEvent struct {
+	Type     string      `json:"type"`
+	StateKey string      `json:"state_key"`
+	Content  interface{} `json:"content"`
+}
+
+// PerformRoomUpgrade upgrades a room from one version to another
+func (r *Upgrader) PerformRoomUpgrade(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	req *api.PerformRoomUpgradeRequest,
+	res *api.PerformRoomUpgradeResponse,
+) {
+	res.NewRoomID, res.Error = r.performRoomUpgrade(ctx, req)
+	if res.Error != nil {
+		res.NewRoomID = ""
+		logrus.WithContext(ctx).WithError(res.Error).Error("Room upgrade failed")
+	}
+}
+
+func (r *Upgrader) performRoomUpgrade(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	req *api.PerformRoomUpgradeRequest,
+) (string, *api.PerformError) {
+	roomID := req.RoomID
+	userID := req.UserID
+	evTime := time.Now()
+
+	// Return an immediate error if the room does not exist
+	if err := r.validateRoomExists(ctx, roomID); err != nil {
+		return "", &api.PerformError{
+			Code: api.PerformErrorNoRoom,
+			Msg:  "Error validating that the room exists",
+		}
+	}
+
+	// 1. Check if the user is authorized to actually perform the upgrade (can send m.room.tombstone)
+	if !r.userIsAuthorized(ctx, userID, roomID) {
+		return "", &api.PerformError{
+			Code: api.PerformErrorNotAllowed,
+			Msg:  "You don't have permission to upgrade the room, power level too low.",
+		}
+	}
+
+	// TODO (#267): Check room ID doesn't clash with an existing one, and we
+	//              probably shouldn't be using pseudo-random strings, maybe GUIDs?
+	newRoomID := fmt.Sprintf("!%s:%s", util.RandomString(16), r.Cfg.Matrix.ServerName)
+
+	// Get the existing room state for the old room.
+	oldRoomReq := &api.QueryLatestEventsAndStateRequest{
+		RoomID: roomID,
+	}
+	oldRoomRes := &api.QueryLatestEventsAndStateResponse{}
+	if err := r.URSAPI.QueryLatestEventsAndState(ctx, oldRoomReq, oldRoomRes); err != nil {
+		return "", &api.PerformError{
+			Msg: fmt.Sprintf("Failed to get latest state: %s", err),
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Make the tombstone event
+	tombstoneEvent, pErr := r.makeTombstoneEvent(ctx, evTime, userID, roomID, newRoomID)
+	if pErr != nil {
+		return "", pErr
+	}
+
+	// Generate the initial events we need to send into the new room. This includes copied state events and bans
+	// as well as the power level events needed to set up the room
+	eventsToMake, pErr := r.generateInitialEvents(ctx, oldRoomRes, userID, roomID, string(req.RoomVersion), tombstoneEvent)
+	if pErr != nil {
+		return "", pErr
+	}
+
+	// 5. Send the tombstone event to the old room (must do this before we set the new canonical_alias)
+	if pErr = r.sendHeaderedEvent(ctx, tombstoneEvent); pErr != nil {
+		return "", pErr
+	}
+
+	// Send the setup events to the new room
+	if pErr = r.sendInitialEvents(ctx, evTime, userID, newRoomID, string(req.RoomVersion), eventsToMake); pErr != nil {
+		return "", pErr
+	}
+
+	// If the old room was public, make sure the new one is too
+	if pErr = r.publishIfOldRoomWasPublic(ctx, roomID, newRoomID); pErr != nil {
+		return "", pErr
+	}
+
+	// If the old room had a canonical alias event, it should be deleted in the old room
+	if pErr = r.clearOldCanonicalAliasEvent(ctx, oldRoomRes, evTime, userID, roomID); pErr != nil {
+		return "", pErr
+	}
+
+	// 4. Move local aliases to the new room
+	if pErr = moveLocalAliases(ctx, roomID, newRoomID, userID, r.URSAPI); pErr != nil {
+		return "", pErr
+	}
+
+	// 6. Restrict power levels in the old room
+	if pErr = r.restrictOldRoomPowerLevels(ctx, evTime, userID, roomID); pErr != nil {
+		return "", pErr
+	}
+
+	return newRoomID, nil
+}
+
+func (r *Upgrader) getRoomPowerLevels(ctx context.Context, roomID string) (*gomatrixserverlib.PowerLevelContent, *api.PerformError) {
+	oldPowerLevelsEvent := api.GetStateEvent(ctx, r.URSAPI, roomID, gomatrixserverlib.StateKeyTuple{
+		EventType: gomatrixserverlib.MRoomPowerLevels,
+		StateKey:  "",
+	})
+	powerLevelContent, err := oldPowerLevelsEvent.PowerLevels()
+	if err != nil {
+		util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(err).Error()
+		return nil, &api.PerformError{
+			Msg: "powerLevel event was not actually a power level event",
+		}
+	}
+	return powerLevelContent, nil
+}
+
+func (r *Upgrader) restrictOldRoomPowerLevels(ctx context.Context, evTime time.Time, userID, roomID string) *api.PerformError {
+	restrictedPowerLevelContent, pErr := r.getRoomPowerLevels(ctx, roomID)
+	if pErr != nil {
+		return pErr
+	}
+
+	// From: https://spec.matrix.org/v1.2/client-server-api/#server-behaviour-16
+	// If possible, the power levels in the old room should also be modified to
+	// prevent sending of events and inviting new users. For example, setting
+	// events_default and invite to the greater of 50 and users_default + 1.
+	restrictedDefaultPowerLevel := int64(50)
+	if restrictedPowerLevelContent.UsersDefault+1 > restrictedDefaultPowerLevel {
+		restrictedDefaultPowerLevel = restrictedPowerLevelContent.UsersDefault + 1
+	}
+	restrictedPowerLevelContent.EventsDefault = restrictedDefaultPowerLevel
+	restrictedPowerLevelContent.Invite = restrictedDefaultPowerLevel
+
+	restrictedPowerLevelsHeadered, resErr := r.makeHeaderedEvent(ctx, evTime, userID, roomID, fledglingEvent{
+		Type:     gomatrixserverlib.MRoomPowerLevels,
+		StateKey: "",
+		Content:  restrictedPowerLevelContent,
+	})
+	if resErr != nil {
+		if resErr.Code == api.PerformErrorNotAllowed {
+			util.GetLogger(ctx).WithField(logrus.ErrorKey, resErr).Warn("UpgradeRoom: Could not restrict power levels in old room")
+		} else {
+			return resErr
+		}
+	} else {
+		if resErr = r.sendHeaderedEvent(ctx, restrictedPowerLevelsHeadered); resErr != nil {
+			return resErr
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func moveLocalAliases(ctx context.Context,
+	roomID, newRoomID, userID string,
+	URSAPI api.RoomserverInternalAPI) *api.PerformError {
+	var err error
+
+	aliasReq := api.GetAliasesForRoomIDRequest{RoomID: roomID}
+	aliasRes := api.GetAliasesForRoomIDResponse{}
+	if err = URSAPI.GetAliasesForRoomID(ctx, &aliasReq, &aliasRes); err != nil {
+		return &api.PerformError{
+			Msg: "Could not get aliases for old room",
+		}
+	}
+
+	for _, alias := range aliasRes.Aliases {
+		removeAliasReq := api.RemoveRoomAliasRequest{UserID: userID, Alias: alias}
+		removeAliasRes := api.RemoveRoomAliasResponse{}
+		if err = URSAPI.RemoveRoomAlias(ctx, &removeAliasReq, &removeAliasRes); err != nil {
+			return &api.PerformError{
+				Msg: "api.RemoveRoomAlias failed",
+			}
+		}
+
+		setAliasReq := api.SetRoomAliasRequest{UserID: userID, Alias: alias, RoomID: newRoomID}
+		setAliasRes := api.SetRoomAliasResponse{}
+		if err = URSAPI.SetRoomAlias(ctx, &setAliasReq, &setAliasRes); err != nil {
+			return &api.PerformError{
+				Msg: "api.SetRoomAlias failed",
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (r *Upgrader) clearOldCanonicalAliasEvent(ctx context.Context, oldRoom *api.QueryLatestEventsAndStateResponse, evTime time.Time, userID, roomID string) *api.PerformError {
+	for _, event := range oldRoom.StateEvents {
+		if event.Type() != gomatrixserverlib.MRoomCanonicalAlias || !event.StateKeyEquals("") {
+			continue
+		}
+		var aliasContent struct {
+			Alias      string   `json:"alias"`
+			AltAliases []string `json:"alt_aliases"`
+		}
+		if err := json.Unmarshal(event.Content(), &aliasContent); err != nil {
+			return &api.PerformError{
+				Msg: fmt.Sprintf("Failed to unmarshal canonical aliases: %s", err),
+			}
+		}
+		if aliasContent.Alias == "" && len(aliasContent.AltAliases) == 0 {
+			// There are no canonical aliases to clear, therefore do nothing.
+			return nil
+		}
+	}
+
+	emptyCanonicalAliasEvent, resErr := r.makeHeaderedEvent(ctx, evTime, userID, roomID, fledglingEvent{
+		Type:    gomatrixserverlib.MRoomCanonicalAlias,
+		Content: map[string]interface{}{},
+	})
+	if resErr != nil {
+		if resErr.Code == api.PerformErrorNotAllowed {
+			util.GetLogger(ctx).WithField(logrus.ErrorKey, resErr).Warn("UpgradeRoom: Could not set empty canonical alias event in old room")
+		} else {
+			return resErr
+		}
+	} else {
+		if resErr = r.sendHeaderedEvent(ctx, emptyCanonicalAliasEvent); resErr != nil {
+			return resErr
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (r *Upgrader) publishIfOldRoomWasPublic(ctx context.Context, roomID, newRoomID string) *api.PerformError {
+	// check if the old room was published
+	var pubQueryRes api.QueryPublishedRoomsResponse
+	err := r.URSAPI.QueryPublishedRooms(ctx, &api.QueryPublishedRoomsRequest{
+		RoomID: roomID,
+	}, &pubQueryRes)
+	if err != nil {
+		return &api.PerformError{
+			Msg: "QueryPublishedRooms failed",
+		}
+	}
+
+	// if the old room is published (was public), publish the new room
+	if len(pubQueryRes.RoomIDs) == 1 {
+		publishNewRoomAndUnpublishOldRoom(ctx, r.URSAPI, roomID, newRoomID)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func publishNewRoomAndUnpublishOldRoom(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	URSAPI api.RoomserverInternalAPI,
+	oldRoomID, newRoomID string,
+) {
+	// expose this room in the published room list
+	var pubNewRoomRes api.PerformPublishResponse
+	URSAPI.PerformPublish(ctx, &api.PerformPublishRequest{
+		RoomID:     newRoomID,
+		Visibility: "public",
+	}, &pubNewRoomRes)
+	if pubNewRoomRes.Error != nil {
+		// treat as non-fatal since the room is already made by this point
+		util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(pubNewRoomRes.Error).Error("failed to visibility:public")
+	}
+
+	var unpubOldRoomRes api.PerformPublishResponse
+	// remove the old room from the published room list
+	URSAPI.PerformPublish(ctx, &api.PerformPublishRequest{
+		RoomID:     oldRoomID,
+		Visibility: "private",
+	}, &unpubOldRoomRes)
+	if unpubOldRoomRes.Error != nil {
+		// treat as non-fatal since the room is already made by this point
+		util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(unpubOldRoomRes.Error).Error("failed to visibility:private")
+	}
+}
+
+func (r *Upgrader) validateRoomExists(ctx context.Context, roomID string) error {
+	verReq := api.QueryRoomVersionForRoomRequest{RoomID: roomID}
+	verRes := api.QueryRoomVersionForRoomResponse{}
+	if err := r.URSAPI.QueryRoomVersionForRoom(ctx, &verReq, &verRes); err != nil {
+		return &api.PerformError{
+			Code: api.PerformErrorNoRoom,
+			Msg:  "Room does not exist",
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (r *Upgrader) userIsAuthorized(ctx context.Context, userID, roomID string,
+) bool {
+	plEvent := api.GetStateEvent(ctx, r.URSAPI, roomID, gomatrixserverlib.StateKeyTuple{
+		EventType: gomatrixserverlib.MRoomPowerLevels,
+		StateKey:  "",
+	})
+	if plEvent == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	pl, err := plEvent.PowerLevels()
+	if err != nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	// Check for power level required to send tombstone event (marks the current room as obsolete),
+	// if not found, use the StateDefault power level
+	return pl.UserLevel(userID) >= pl.EventLevel("m.room.tombstone", true)
+}
+
+// nolint:gocyclo
+func (r *Upgrader) generateInitialEvents(ctx context.Context, oldRoom *api.QueryLatestEventsAndStateResponse, userID, roomID, newVersion string, tombstoneEvent *gomatrixserverlib.HeaderedEvent) ([]fledglingEvent, *api.PerformError) {
+	state := make(map[gomatrixserverlib.StateKeyTuple]*gomatrixserverlib.HeaderedEvent, len(oldRoom.StateEvents))
+	for _, event := range oldRoom.StateEvents {
+		if event.StateKey() == nil {
+			// This shouldn't ever happen, but better to be safe than sorry.
+			continue
+		}
+		if event.Type() == gomatrixserverlib.MRoomMember && !event.StateKeyEquals(userID) {
+			// With the exception of bans and invites which we do want to copy, we
+			// should ignore membership events that aren't our own, as event auth will
+			// prevent us from being able to create membership events on behalf of other
+			// users anyway unless they are invites or bans.
+			membership, err := event.Membership()
+			if err != nil {
+				continue
+			}
+			switch membership {
+			case gomatrixserverlib.Ban:
+			case gomatrixserverlib.Invite:
+			default:
+				continue
+			}
+		}
+		state[gomatrixserverlib.StateKeyTuple{EventType: event.Type(), StateKey: *event.StateKey()}] = event
+	}
+
+	// The following events are ones that we are going to override manually
+	// in the following section.
+	override := map[gomatrixserverlib.StateKeyTuple]struct{}{
+		{EventType: gomatrixserverlib.MRoomCreate, StateKey: ""}:      {},
+		{EventType: gomatrixserverlib.MRoomMember, StateKey: userID}:  {},
+		{EventType: gomatrixserverlib.MRoomPowerLevels, StateKey: ""}: {},
+		{EventType: gomatrixserverlib.MRoomJoinRules, StateKey: ""}:   {},
+	}
+
+	// The overridden events are essential events that must be present in the
+	// old room state. Check that they are there.
+	for tuple := range override {
+		if _, ok := state[tuple]; !ok {
+			return nil, &api.PerformError{
+				Msg: fmt.Sprintf("Essential event of type %q state key %q is missing", tuple.EventType, tuple.StateKey),
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	oldCreateEvent := state[gomatrixserverlib.StateKeyTuple{EventType: gomatrixserverlib.MRoomCreate, StateKey: ""}]
+	oldMembershipEvent := state[gomatrixserverlib.StateKeyTuple{EventType: gomatrixserverlib.MRoomMember, StateKey: userID}]
+	oldPowerLevelsEvent := state[gomatrixserverlib.StateKeyTuple{EventType: gomatrixserverlib.MRoomPowerLevels, StateKey: ""}]
+	oldJoinRulesEvent := state[gomatrixserverlib.StateKeyTuple{EventType: gomatrixserverlib.MRoomJoinRules, StateKey: ""}]
+
+	// Create the new room create event. Using a map here instead of CreateContent
+	// means that we preserve any other interesting fields that might be present
+	// in the create event (such as for the room types MSC).
+	newCreateContent := map[string]interface{}{}
+	_ = json.Unmarshal(oldCreateEvent.Content(), &newCreateContent)
+	newCreateContent["creator"] = userID
+	newCreateContent["room_version"] = newVersion
+	newCreateContent["predecessor"] = gomatrixserverlib.PreviousRoom{
+		EventID: tombstoneEvent.EventID(),
+		RoomID:  roomID,
+	}
+	newCreateEvent := fledglingEvent{
+		Type:     gomatrixserverlib.MRoomCreate,
+		StateKey: "",
+		Content:  newCreateContent,
+	}
+
+	// Now create the new membership event. Same rules apply as above, so
+	// that we preserve fields we don't otherwise know about. We'll always
+	// set the membership to join though, because that is necessary to auth
+	// the events after it.
+	newMembershipContent := map[string]interface{}{}
+	_ = json.Unmarshal(oldMembershipEvent.Content(), &newMembershipContent)
+	newMembershipContent["membership"] = gomatrixserverlib.Join
+	newMembershipEvent := fledglingEvent{
+		Type:     gomatrixserverlib.MRoomMember,
+		StateKey: userID,
+		Content:  newMembershipContent,
+	}
+
+	// We might need to temporarily give ourselves a higher power level
+	// than we had in the old room in order to be able to send all of
+	// the relevant state events. This function will return whether we
+	// had to override the power level events or not — if we did, we
+	// need to send the original power levels again later on.
+	powerLevelContent, err := oldPowerLevelsEvent.PowerLevels()
+	if err != nil {
+		util.GetLogger(ctx).WithError(err).Error()
+		return nil, &api.PerformError{
+			Msg: "Power level event content was invalid",
+		}
+	}
+	tempPowerLevelsEvent, powerLevelsOverridden := createTemporaryPowerLevels(powerLevelContent, userID)
+
+	// Now do the join rules event, same as the create and membership
+	// events. We'll set a sane default of "invite" so that if the
+	// existing join rules contains garbage, the room can still be
+	// upgraded.
+	newJoinRulesContent := map[string]interface{}{
+		"join_rule": gomatrixserverlib.Invite, // sane default
+	}
+	_ = json.Unmarshal(oldJoinRulesEvent.Content(), &newJoinRulesContent)
+	newJoinRulesEvent := fledglingEvent{
+		Type:     gomatrixserverlib.MRoomJoinRules,
+		StateKey: "",
+		Content:  newJoinRulesContent,
+	}
+
+	eventsToMake := make([]fledglingEvent, 0, len(state))
+	eventsToMake = append(
+		eventsToMake, newCreateEvent, newMembershipEvent,
+		tempPowerLevelsEvent, newJoinRulesEvent,
+	)
+
+	// For some reason Sytest expects there to be a guest access event.
+	// Create one if it doesn't exist.
+	if _, ok := state[gomatrixserverlib.StateKeyTuple{EventType: gomatrixserverlib.MRoomGuestAccess, StateKey: ""}]; !ok {
+		eventsToMake = append(eventsToMake, fledglingEvent{
+			Type: gomatrixserverlib.MRoomGuestAccess,
+			Content: map[string]string{
+				"guest_access": "forbidden",
+			},
+		})
+	}
+
+	// Duplicate all of the old state events into the new room.
+	for tuple, event := range state {
+		if _, ok := override[tuple]; ok {
+			// Don't duplicate events we have overridden already. They
+			// are already in `eventsToMake`.
+			continue
+		}
+		newEvent := fledglingEvent{
+			Type:     tuple.EventType,
+			StateKey: tuple.StateKey,
+		}
+		if err = json.Unmarshal(event.Content(), &newEvent.Content); err != nil {
+			logrus.WithError(err).Error("Failed to unmarshal old event")
+			continue
+		}
+		eventsToMake = append(eventsToMake, newEvent)
+	}
+
+	// If we sent a temporary power level event into the room before,
+	// override that now by restoring the original power levels.
+	if powerLevelsOverridden {
+		eventsToMake = append(eventsToMake, fledglingEvent{
+			Type:    gomatrixserverlib.MRoomPowerLevels,
+			Content: powerLevelContent,
+		})
+	}
+	return eventsToMake, nil
+}
+
+func (r *Upgrader) sendInitialEvents(ctx context.Context, evTime time.Time, userID, newRoomID, newVersion string, eventsToMake []fledglingEvent) *api.PerformError {
+	var err error
+	var builtEvents []*gomatrixserverlib.HeaderedEvent
+	authEvents := gomatrixserverlib.NewAuthEvents(nil)
+	for i, e := range eventsToMake {
+		depth := i + 1 // depth starts at 1
+
+		builder := gomatrixserverlib.EventBuilder{
+			Sender:   userID,
+			RoomID:   newRoomID,
+			Type:     e.Type,
+			StateKey: &e.StateKey,
+			Depth:    int64(depth),
+		}
+		err = builder.SetContent(e.Content)
+		if err != nil {
+			return &api.PerformError{
+				Msg: "builder.SetContent failed",
+			}
+		}
+		if i > 0 {
+			builder.PrevEvents = []gomatrixserverlib.EventReference{builtEvents[i-1].EventReference()}
+		}
+		var event *gomatrixserverlib.Event
+		event, err = r.buildEvent(&builder, &authEvents, evTime, gomatrixserverlib.RoomVersion(newVersion))
+		if err != nil {
+			return &api.PerformError{
+				Msg: "buildEvent failed",
+			}
+		}
+
+		if err = gomatrixserverlib.Allowed(event, &authEvents); err != nil {
+			return &api.PerformError{
+				Msg: "gomatrixserverlib.Allowed failed",
+			}
+		}
+
+		// Add the event to the list of auth events
+		builtEvents = append(builtEvents, event.Headered(gomatrixserverlib.RoomVersion(newVersion)))
+		err = authEvents.AddEvent(event)
+		if err != nil {
+			return &api.PerformError{
+				Msg: "authEvents.AddEvent failed",
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	inputs := make([]api.InputRoomEvent, 0, len(builtEvents))
+	for _, event := range builtEvents {
+		inputs = append(inputs, api.InputRoomEvent{
+			Kind:         api.KindNew,
+			Event:        event,
+			Origin:       r.Cfg.Matrix.ServerName,
+			SendAsServer: api.DoNotSendToOtherServers,
+		})
+	}
+	if err = api.SendInputRoomEvents(ctx, r.URSAPI, inputs, false); err != nil {
+		return &api.PerformError{
+			Msg: "api.SendInputRoomEvents failed",
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (r *Upgrader) makeTombstoneEvent(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	evTime time.Time,
+	userID, roomID, newRoomID string,
+) (*gomatrixserverlib.HeaderedEvent, *api.PerformError) {
+	content := map[string]interface{}{
+		"body":             "This room has been replaced",
+		"replacement_room": newRoomID,
+	}
+	event := fledglingEvent{
+		Type:    "m.room.tombstone",
+		Content: content,
+	}
+	return r.makeHeaderedEvent(ctx, evTime, userID, roomID, event)
+}
+
+func (r *Upgrader) makeHeaderedEvent(ctx context.Context, evTime time.Time, userID, roomID string, event fledglingEvent) (*gomatrixserverlib.HeaderedEvent, *api.PerformError) {
+	builder := gomatrixserverlib.EventBuilder{
+		Sender:   userID,
+		RoomID:   roomID,
+		Type:     event.Type,
+		StateKey: &event.StateKey,
+	}
+	err := builder.SetContent(event.Content)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, &api.PerformError{
+			Msg: "builder.SetContent failed",
+		}
+	}
+	var queryRes api.QueryLatestEventsAndStateResponse
+	headeredEvent, err := eventutil.QueryAndBuildEvent(ctx, &builder, r.Cfg.Matrix, evTime, r.URSAPI, &queryRes)
+	if err == eventutil.ErrRoomNoExists {
+		return nil, &api.PerformError{
+			Code: api.PerformErrorNoRoom,
+			Msg:  "Room does not exist",
+		}
+	} else if e, ok := err.(gomatrixserverlib.BadJSONError); ok {
+		return nil, &api.PerformError{
+			Msg: e.Error(),
+		}
+	} else if e, ok := err.(gomatrixserverlib.EventValidationError); ok {
+		if e.Code == gomatrixserverlib.EventValidationTooLarge {
+			return nil, &api.PerformError{
+				Msg: e.Error(),
+			}
+		}
+		return nil, &api.PerformError{
+			Msg: e.Error(),
+		}
+	} else if err != nil {
+		return nil, &api.PerformError{
+			Msg: "eventutil.BuildEvent failed",
+		}
+	}
+	// check to see if this user can perform this operation
+	stateEvents := make([]*gomatrixserverlib.Event, len(queryRes.StateEvents))
+	for i := range queryRes.StateEvents {
+		stateEvents[i] = queryRes.StateEvents[i].Event
+	}
+	provider := gomatrixserverlib.NewAuthEvents(stateEvents)
+	if err = gomatrixserverlib.Allowed(headeredEvent.Event, &provider); err != nil {
+		return nil, &api.PerformError{
+			Code: api.PerformErrorNotAllowed,
+			Msg:  err.Error(), // TODO: Is this error string comprehensible to the client?
+		}
+	}
+
+	return headeredEvent, nil
+}
+
+func createTemporaryPowerLevels(powerLevelContent *gomatrixserverlib.PowerLevelContent, userID string) (fledglingEvent, bool) {
+	// Work out what power level we need in order to be able to send events
+	// of all types into the room.
+	neededPowerLevel := powerLevelContent.StateDefault
+	for _, powerLevel := range powerLevelContent.Events {
+		if powerLevel > neededPowerLevel {
+			neededPowerLevel = powerLevel
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Make a copy of the existing power level content.
+	tempPowerLevelContent := *powerLevelContent
+	powerLevelsOverridden := false
+
+	// At this point, the "Users", "Events" and "Notifications" keys are all
+	// pointing to the map of the original PL content, so we will specifically
+	// override the users map with a new one and duplicate the values deeply,
+	// so that we can modify them without modifying the original.
+	tempPowerLevelContent.Users = make(map[string]int64, len(powerLevelContent.Users))
+	for key, value := range powerLevelContent.Users {
+		tempPowerLevelContent.Users[key] = value
+	}
+
+	// If the user who is upgrading the room doesn't already have sufficient
+	// power, then elevate their power levels.
+	if tempPowerLevelContent.UserLevel(userID) < neededPowerLevel {
+		tempPowerLevelContent.Users[userID] = neededPowerLevel
+		powerLevelsOverridden = true
+	}
+
+	// Then return the temporary power levels event.
+	return fledglingEvent{
+		Type:    gomatrixserverlib.MRoomPowerLevels,
+		Content: tempPowerLevelContent,
+	}, powerLevelsOverridden
+}
+
+func (r *Upgrader) sendHeaderedEvent(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	headeredEvent *gomatrixserverlib.HeaderedEvent,
+) *api.PerformError {
+	var inputs []api.InputRoomEvent
+	inputs = append(inputs, api.InputRoomEvent{
+		Kind:         api.KindNew,
+		Event:        headeredEvent,
+		Origin:       r.Cfg.Matrix.ServerName,
+		SendAsServer: api.DoNotSendToOtherServers,
+	})
+	if err := api.SendInputRoomEvents(ctx, r.URSAPI, inputs, false); err != nil {
+		return &api.PerformError{
+			Msg: "api.SendInputRoomEvents failed",
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (r *Upgrader) buildEvent(
+	builder *gomatrixserverlib.EventBuilder,
+	provider gomatrixserverlib.AuthEventProvider,
+	evTime time.Time,
+	roomVersion gomatrixserverlib.RoomVersion,
+) (*gomatrixserverlib.Event, error) {
+	eventsNeeded, err := gomatrixserverlib.StateNeededForEventBuilder(builder)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	refs, err := eventsNeeded.AuthEventReferences(provider)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	builder.AuthEvents = refs
+	event, err := builder.Build(
+		evTime, r.Cfg.Matrix.ServerName, r.Cfg.Matrix.KeyID,
+		r.Cfg.Matrix.PrivateKey, roomVersion,
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot build event %s : Builder failed to build. %w", builder.Type, err)
+	}
+	return event, nil
+}