aboutsummaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/src/wallet/walletdb.cpp
blob: e7adbfea7749a34e3dc7944439d1be62a95b9aed (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
// Copyright (c) 2009-2010 Satoshi Nakamoto
// Copyright (c) 2009-2020 The Bitcoin Core developers
// Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
// file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.

#include <wallet/walletdb.h>

#include <fs.h>
#include <key_io.h>
#include <protocol.h>
#include <serialize.h>
#include <sync.h>
#include <util/bip32.h>
#include <util/system.h>
#include <util/time.h>
#include <wallet/wallet.h>

#include <atomic>
#include <string>

#include <boost/thread.hpp>

namespace DBKeys {
const std::string ACENTRY{"acentry"};
const std::string ACTIVEEXTERNALSPK{"activeexternalspk"};
const std::string ACTIVEINTERNALSPK{"activeinternalspk"};
const std::string BESTBLOCK_NOMERKLE{"bestblock_nomerkle"};
const std::string BESTBLOCK{"bestblock"};
const std::string CRYPTED_KEY{"ckey"};
const std::string CSCRIPT{"cscript"};
const std::string DEFAULTKEY{"defaultkey"};
const std::string DESTDATA{"destdata"};
const std::string FLAGS{"flags"};
const std::string HDCHAIN{"hdchain"};
const std::string KEYMETA{"keymeta"};
const std::string KEY{"key"};
const std::string MASTER_KEY{"mkey"};
const std::string MINVERSION{"minversion"};
const std::string NAME{"name"};
const std::string OLD_KEY{"wkey"};
const std::string ORDERPOSNEXT{"orderposnext"};
const std::string POOL{"pool"};
const std::string PURPOSE{"purpose"};
const std::string SETTINGS{"settings"};
const std::string TX{"tx"};
const std::string VERSION{"version"};
const std::string WALLETDESCRIPTOR{"walletdescriptor"};
const std::string WALLETDESCRIPTORCACHE{"walletdescriptorcache"};
const std::string WALLETDESCRIPTORCKEY{"walletdescriptorckey"};
const std::string WALLETDESCRIPTORKEY{"walletdescriptorkey"};
const std::string WATCHMETA{"watchmeta"};
const std::string WATCHS{"watchs"};
} // namespace DBKeys

//
// WalletBatch
//

bool WalletBatch::WriteName(const std::string& strAddress, const std::string& strName)
{
    return WriteIC(std::make_pair(DBKeys::NAME, strAddress), strName);
}

bool WalletBatch::EraseName(const std::string& strAddress)
{
    // This should only be used for sending addresses, never for receiving addresses,
    // receiving addresses must always have an address book entry if they're not change return.
    return EraseIC(std::make_pair(DBKeys::NAME, strAddress));
}

bool WalletBatch::WritePurpose(const std::string& strAddress, const std::string& strPurpose)
{
    return WriteIC(std::make_pair(DBKeys::PURPOSE, strAddress), strPurpose);
}

bool WalletBatch::ErasePurpose(const std::string& strAddress)
{
    return EraseIC(std::make_pair(DBKeys::PURPOSE, strAddress));
}

bool WalletBatch::WriteTx(const CWalletTx& wtx)
{
    return WriteIC(std::make_pair(DBKeys::TX, wtx.GetHash()), wtx);
}

bool WalletBatch::EraseTx(uint256 hash)
{
    return EraseIC(std::make_pair(DBKeys::TX, hash));
}

bool WalletBatch::WriteKeyMetadata(const CKeyMetadata& meta, const CPubKey& pubkey, const bool overwrite)
{
    return WriteIC(std::make_pair(DBKeys::KEYMETA, pubkey), meta, overwrite);
}

bool WalletBatch::WriteKey(const CPubKey& vchPubKey, const CPrivKey& vchPrivKey, const CKeyMetadata& keyMeta)
{
    if (!WriteKeyMetadata(keyMeta, vchPubKey, false)) {
        return false;
    }

    // hash pubkey/privkey to accelerate wallet load
    std::vector<unsigned char> vchKey;
    vchKey.reserve(vchPubKey.size() + vchPrivKey.size());
    vchKey.insert(vchKey.end(), vchPubKey.begin(), vchPubKey.end());
    vchKey.insert(vchKey.end(), vchPrivKey.begin(), vchPrivKey.end());

    return WriteIC(std::make_pair(DBKeys::KEY, vchPubKey), std::make_pair(vchPrivKey, Hash(vchKey.begin(), vchKey.end())), false);
}

bool WalletBatch::WriteCryptedKey(const CPubKey& vchPubKey,
                                const std::vector<unsigned char>& vchCryptedSecret,
                                const CKeyMetadata &keyMeta)
{
    if (!WriteKeyMetadata(keyMeta, vchPubKey, true)) {
        return false;
    }

    // Compute a checksum of the encrypted key
    uint256 checksum = Hash(vchCryptedSecret.begin(), vchCryptedSecret.end());

    const auto key = std::make_pair(DBKeys::CRYPTED_KEY, vchPubKey);
    if (!WriteIC(key, std::make_pair(vchCryptedSecret, checksum), false)) {
        // It may already exist, so try writing just the checksum
        std::vector<unsigned char> val;
        if (!m_batch.Read(key, val)) {
            return false;
        }
        if (!WriteIC(key, std::make_pair(val, checksum), true)) {
            return false;
        }
    }
    EraseIC(std::make_pair(DBKeys::KEY, vchPubKey));
    return true;
}

bool WalletBatch::WriteMasterKey(unsigned int nID, const CMasterKey& kMasterKey)
{
    return WriteIC(std::make_pair(DBKeys::MASTER_KEY, nID), kMasterKey, true);
}

bool WalletBatch::WriteCScript(const uint160& hash, const CScript& redeemScript)
{
    return WriteIC(std::make_pair(DBKeys::CSCRIPT, hash), redeemScript, false);
}

bool WalletBatch::WriteWatchOnly(const CScript &dest, const CKeyMetadata& keyMeta)
{
    if (!WriteIC(std::make_pair(DBKeys::WATCHMETA, dest), keyMeta)) {
        return false;
    }
    return WriteIC(std::make_pair(DBKeys::WATCHS, dest), '1');
}

bool WalletBatch::EraseWatchOnly(const CScript &dest)
{
    if (!EraseIC(std::make_pair(DBKeys::WATCHMETA, dest))) {
        return false;
    }
    return EraseIC(std::make_pair(DBKeys::WATCHS, dest));
}

bool WalletBatch::WriteBestBlock(const CBlockLocator& locator)
{
    WriteIC(DBKeys::BESTBLOCK, CBlockLocator()); // Write empty block locator so versions that require a merkle branch automatically rescan
    return WriteIC(DBKeys::BESTBLOCK_NOMERKLE, locator);
}

bool WalletBatch::ReadBestBlock(CBlockLocator& locator)
{
    if (m_batch.Read(DBKeys::BESTBLOCK, locator) && !locator.vHave.empty()) return true;
    return m_batch.Read(DBKeys::BESTBLOCK_NOMERKLE, locator);
}

bool WalletBatch::WriteOrderPosNext(int64_t nOrderPosNext)
{
    return WriteIC(DBKeys::ORDERPOSNEXT, nOrderPosNext);
}

bool WalletBatch::ReadPool(int64_t nPool, CKeyPool& keypool)
{
    return m_batch.Read(std::make_pair(DBKeys::POOL, nPool), keypool);
}

bool WalletBatch::WritePool(int64_t nPool, const CKeyPool& keypool)
{
    return WriteIC(std::make_pair(DBKeys::POOL, nPool), keypool);
}

bool WalletBatch::ErasePool(int64_t nPool)
{
    return EraseIC(std::make_pair(DBKeys::POOL, nPool));
}

bool WalletBatch::WriteMinVersion(int nVersion)
{
    return WriteIC(DBKeys::MINVERSION, nVersion);
}

bool WalletBatch::WriteActiveScriptPubKeyMan(uint8_t type, const uint256& id, bool internal)
{
    std::string key = internal ? DBKeys::ACTIVEINTERNALSPK : DBKeys::ACTIVEEXTERNALSPK;
    return WriteIC(make_pair(key, type), id);
}

bool WalletBatch::WriteDescriptorKey(const uint256& desc_id, const CPubKey& pubkey, const CPrivKey& privkey)
{
    // hash pubkey/privkey to accelerate wallet load
    std::vector<unsigned char> key;
    key.reserve(pubkey.size() + privkey.size());
    key.insert(key.end(), pubkey.begin(), pubkey.end());
    key.insert(key.end(), privkey.begin(), privkey.end());

    return WriteIC(std::make_pair(DBKeys::WALLETDESCRIPTORKEY, std::make_pair(desc_id, pubkey)), std::make_pair(privkey, Hash(key.begin(), key.end())), false);
}

bool WalletBatch::WriteCryptedDescriptorKey(const uint256& desc_id, const CPubKey& pubkey, const std::vector<unsigned char>& secret)
{
    if (!WriteIC(std::make_pair(DBKeys::WALLETDESCRIPTORCKEY, std::make_pair(desc_id, pubkey)), secret, false)) {
        return false;
    }
    EraseIC(std::make_pair(DBKeys::WALLETDESCRIPTORKEY, std::make_pair(desc_id, pubkey)));
    return true;
}

bool WalletBatch::WriteDescriptor(const uint256& desc_id, const WalletDescriptor& descriptor)
{
    return WriteIC(make_pair(DBKeys::WALLETDESCRIPTOR, desc_id), descriptor);
}

bool WalletBatch::WriteDescriptorDerivedCache(const CExtPubKey& xpub, const uint256& desc_id, uint32_t key_exp_index, uint32_t der_index)
{
    std::vector<unsigned char> ser_xpub(BIP32_EXTKEY_SIZE);
    xpub.Encode(ser_xpub.data());
    return WriteIC(std::make_pair(std::make_pair(DBKeys::WALLETDESCRIPTORCACHE, desc_id), std::make_pair(key_exp_index, der_index)), ser_xpub);
}

bool WalletBatch::WriteDescriptorParentCache(const CExtPubKey& xpub, const uint256& desc_id, uint32_t key_exp_index)
{
    std::vector<unsigned char> ser_xpub(BIP32_EXTKEY_SIZE);
    xpub.Encode(ser_xpub.data());
    return WriteIC(std::make_pair(std::make_pair(DBKeys::WALLETDESCRIPTORCACHE, desc_id), key_exp_index), ser_xpub);
}

class CWalletScanState {
public:
    unsigned int nKeys{0};
    unsigned int nCKeys{0};
    unsigned int nWatchKeys{0};
    unsigned int nKeyMeta{0};
    unsigned int m_unknown_records{0};
    bool fIsEncrypted{false};
    bool fAnyUnordered{false};
    std::vector<uint256> vWalletUpgrade;
    std::map<OutputType, uint256> m_active_external_spks;
    std::map<OutputType, uint256> m_active_internal_spks;
    std::map<uint256, DescriptorCache> m_descriptor_caches;
    std::map<std::pair<uint256, CKeyID>, CKey> m_descriptor_keys;
    std::map<std::pair<uint256, CKeyID>, std::pair<CPubKey, std::vector<unsigned char>>> m_descriptor_crypt_keys;
    std::map<uint160, CHDChain> m_hd_chains;

    CWalletScanState() {
    }
};

static bool
ReadKeyValue(CWallet* pwallet, CDataStream& ssKey, CDataStream& ssValue,
             CWalletScanState &wss, std::string& strType, std::string& strErr) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(pwallet->cs_wallet)
{
    try {
        // Unserialize
        // Taking advantage of the fact that pair serialization
        // is just the two items serialized one after the other
        ssKey >> strType;
        if (strType == DBKeys::NAME) {
            std::string strAddress;
            ssKey >> strAddress;
            std::string label;
            ssValue >> label;
            pwallet->m_address_book[DecodeDestination(strAddress)].SetLabel(label);
        } else if (strType == DBKeys::PURPOSE) {
            std::string strAddress;
            ssKey >> strAddress;
            ssValue >> pwallet->m_address_book[DecodeDestination(strAddress)].purpose;
        } else if (strType == DBKeys::TX) {
            uint256 hash;
            ssKey >> hash;
            // LoadToWallet call below creates a new CWalletTx that fill_wtx
            // callback fills with transaction metadata.
            auto fill_wtx = [&](CWalletTx& wtx, bool new_tx) {
                assert(new_tx);
                ssValue >> wtx;
                if (wtx.GetHash() != hash)
                    return false;

                // Undo serialize changes in 31600
                if (31404 <= wtx.fTimeReceivedIsTxTime && wtx.fTimeReceivedIsTxTime <= 31703)
                {
                    if (!ssValue.empty())
                    {
                        char fTmp;
                        char fUnused;
                        std::string unused_string;
                        ssValue >> fTmp >> fUnused >> unused_string;
                        strErr = strprintf("LoadWallet() upgrading tx ver=%d %d %s",
                                           wtx.fTimeReceivedIsTxTime, fTmp, hash.ToString());
                        wtx.fTimeReceivedIsTxTime = fTmp;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        strErr = strprintf("LoadWallet() repairing tx ver=%d %s", wtx.fTimeReceivedIsTxTime, hash.ToString());
                        wtx.fTimeReceivedIsTxTime = 0;
                    }
                    wss.vWalletUpgrade.push_back(hash);
                }

                if (wtx.nOrderPos == -1)
                    wss.fAnyUnordered = true;

                return true;
            };
            if (!pwallet->LoadToWallet(hash, fill_wtx)) {
                return false;
            }
        } else if (strType == DBKeys::WATCHS) {
            wss.nWatchKeys++;
            CScript script;
            ssKey >> script;
            char fYes;
            ssValue >> fYes;
            if (fYes == '1') {
                pwallet->GetOrCreateLegacyScriptPubKeyMan()->LoadWatchOnly(script);
            }
        } else if (strType == DBKeys::KEY) {
            CPubKey vchPubKey;
            ssKey >> vchPubKey;
            if (!vchPubKey.IsValid())
            {
                strErr = "Error reading wallet database: CPubKey corrupt";
                return false;
            }
            CKey key;
            CPrivKey pkey;
            uint256 hash;

            wss.nKeys++;
            ssValue >> pkey;

            // Old wallets store keys as DBKeys::KEY [pubkey] => [privkey]
            // ... which was slow for wallets with lots of keys, because the public key is re-derived from the private key
            // using EC operations as a checksum.
            // Newer wallets store keys as DBKeys::KEY [pubkey] => [privkey][hash(pubkey,privkey)], which is much faster while
            // remaining backwards-compatible.
            try
            {
                ssValue >> hash;
            }
            catch (...) {}

            bool fSkipCheck = false;

            if (!hash.IsNull())
            {
                // hash pubkey/privkey to accelerate wallet load
                std::vector<unsigned char> vchKey;
                vchKey.reserve(vchPubKey.size() + pkey.size());
                vchKey.insert(vchKey.end(), vchPubKey.begin(), vchPubKey.end());
                vchKey.insert(vchKey.end(), pkey.begin(), pkey.end());

                if (Hash(vchKey.begin(), vchKey.end()) != hash)
                {
                    strErr = "Error reading wallet database: CPubKey/CPrivKey corrupt";
                    return false;
                }

                fSkipCheck = true;
            }

            if (!key.Load(pkey, vchPubKey, fSkipCheck))
            {
                strErr = "Error reading wallet database: CPrivKey corrupt";
                return false;
            }
            if (!pwallet->GetOrCreateLegacyScriptPubKeyMan()->LoadKey(key, vchPubKey))
            {
                strErr = "Error reading wallet database: LegacyScriptPubKeyMan::LoadKey failed";
                return false;
            }
        } else if (strType == DBKeys::MASTER_KEY) {
            // Master encryption key is loaded into only the wallet and not any of the ScriptPubKeyMans.
            unsigned int nID;
            ssKey >> nID;
            CMasterKey kMasterKey;
            ssValue >> kMasterKey;
            if(pwallet->mapMasterKeys.count(nID) != 0)
            {
                strErr = strprintf("Error reading wallet database: duplicate CMasterKey id %u", nID);
                return false;
            }
            pwallet->mapMasterKeys[nID] = kMasterKey;
            if (pwallet->nMasterKeyMaxID < nID)
                pwallet->nMasterKeyMaxID = nID;
        } else if (strType == DBKeys::CRYPTED_KEY) {
            CPubKey vchPubKey;
            ssKey >> vchPubKey;
            if (!vchPubKey.IsValid())
            {
                strErr = "Error reading wallet database: CPubKey corrupt";
                return false;
            }
            std::vector<unsigned char> vchPrivKey;
            ssValue >> vchPrivKey;

            // Get the checksum and check it
            bool checksum_valid = false;
            if (!ssValue.eof()) {
                uint256 checksum;
                ssValue >> checksum;
                if ((checksum_valid = Hash(vchPrivKey.begin(), vchPrivKey.end()) != checksum)) {
                    strErr = "Error reading wallet database: Crypted key corrupt";
                    return false;
                }
            }

            wss.nCKeys++;

            if (!pwallet->GetOrCreateLegacyScriptPubKeyMan()->LoadCryptedKey(vchPubKey, vchPrivKey, checksum_valid))
            {
                strErr = "Error reading wallet database: LegacyScriptPubKeyMan::LoadCryptedKey failed";
                return false;
            }
            wss.fIsEncrypted = true;
        } else if (strType == DBKeys::KEYMETA) {
            CPubKey vchPubKey;
            ssKey >> vchPubKey;
            CKeyMetadata keyMeta;
            ssValue >> keyMeta;
            wss.nKeyMeta++;
            pwallet->GetOrCreateLegacyScriptPubKeyMan()->LoadKeyMetadata(vchPubKey.GetID(), keyMeta);

            // Extract some CHDChain info from this metadata if it has any
            if (keyMeta.nVersion >= CKeyMetadata::VERSION_WITH_HDDATA && !keyMeta.hd_seed_id.IsNull() && keyMeta.hdKeypath.size() > 0) {
                // Get the path from the key origin or from the path string
                // Not applicable when path is "s" as that indicates a seed
                bool internal = false;
                uint32_t index = 0;
                if (keyMeta.hdKeypath != "s") {
                    std::vector<uint32_t> path;
                    if (keyMeta.has_key_origin) {
                        // We have a key origin, so pull it from its path vector
                        path = keyMeta.key_origin.path;
                    } else {
                        // No key origin, have to parse the string
                        if (!ParseHDKeypath(keyMeta.hdKeypath, path)) {
                            strErr = "Error reading wallet database: keymeta with invalid HD keypath";
                            return false;
                        }
                    }

                    // Extract the index and internal from the path
                    // Path string is m/0'/k'/i'
                    // Path vector is [0', k', i'] (but as ints OR'd with the hardened bit
                    // k == 0 for external, 1 for internal. i is the index
                    if (path.size() != 3) {
                        strErr = "Error reading wallet database: keymeta found with unexpected path";
                        return false;
                    }
                    if (path[0] != 0x80000000) {
                        strErr = strprintf("Unexpected path index of 0x%08x (expected 0x80000000) for the element at index 0", path[0]);
                        return false;
                    }
                    if (path[1] != 0x80000000 && path[1] != (1 | 0x80000000)) {
                        strErr = strprintf("Unexpected path index of 0x%08x (expected 0x80000000 or 0x80000001) for the element at index 1", path[1]);
                        return false;
                    }
                    if ((path[2] & 0x80000000) == 0) {
                        strErr = strprintf("Unexpected path index of 0x%08x (expected to be greater than or equal to 0x80000000)", path[2]);
                        return false;
                    }
                    internal = path[1] == (1 | 0x80000000);
                    index = path[2] & ~0x80000000;
                }

                // Insert a new CHDChain, or get the one that already exists
                auto ins = wss.m_hd_chains.emplace(keyMeta.hd_seed_id, CHDChain());
                CHDChain& chain = ins.first->second;
                if (ins.second) {
                    // For new chains, we want to default to VERSION_HD_BASE until we see an internal
                    chain.nVersion = CHDChain::VERSION_HD_BASE;
                    chain.seed_id = keyMeta.hd_seed_id;
                }
                if (internal) {
                    chain.nVersion = CHDChain::VERSION_HD_CHAIN_SPLIT;
                    chain.nInternalChainCounter = std::max(chain.nInternalChainCounter, index);
                } else {
                    chain.nExternalChainCounter = std::max(chain.nExternalChainCounter, index);
                }
            }
        } else if (strType == DBKeys::WATCHMETA) {
            CScript script;
            ssKey >> script;
            CKeyMetadata keyMeta;
            ssValue >> keyMeta;
            wss.nKeyMeta++;
            pwallet->GetOrCreateLegacyScriptPubKeyMan()->LoadScriptMetadata(CScriptID(script), keyMeta);
        } else if (strType == DBKeys::DEFAULTKEY) {
            // We don't want or need the default key, but if there is one set,
            // we want to make sure that it is valid so that we can detect corruption
            CPubKey vchPubKey;
            ssValue >> vchPubKey;
            if (!vchPubKey.IsValid()) {
                strErr = "Error reading wallet database: Default Key corrupt";
                return false;
            }
        } else if (strType == DBKeys::POOL) {
            int64_t nIndex;
            ssKey >> nIndex;
            CKeyPool keypool;
            ssValue >> keypool;

            pwallet->GetOrCreateLegacyScriptPubKeyMan()->LoadKeyPool(nIndex, keypool);
        } else if (strType == DBKeys::CSCRIPT) {
            uint160 hash;
            ssKey >> hash;
            CScript script;
            ssValue >> script;
            if (!pwallet->GetOrCreateLegacyScriptPubKeyMan()->LoadCScript(script))
            {
                strErr = "Error reading wallet database: LegacyScriptPubKeyMan::LoadCScript failed";
                return false;
            }
        } else if (strType == DBKeys::ORDERPOSNEXT) {
            ssValue >> pwallet->nOrderPosNext;
        } else if (strType == DBKeys::DESTDATA) {
            std::string strAddress, strKey, strValue;
            ssKey >> strAddress;
            ssKey >> strKey;
            ssValue >> strValue;
            pwallet->LoadDestData(DecodeDestination(strAddress), strKey, strValue);
        } else if (strType == DBKeys::HDCHAIN) {
            CHDChain chain;
            ssValue >> chain;
            pwallet->GetOrCreateLegacyScriptPubKeyMan()->SetHDChain(chain, true);
        } else if (strType == DBKeys::FLAGS) {
            uint64_t flags;
            ssValue >> flags;
            if (!pwallet->SetWalletFlags(flags, true)) {
                strErr = "Error reading wallet database: Unknown non-tolerable wallet flags found";
                return false;
            }
        } else if (strType == DBKeys::OLD_KEY) {
            strErr = "Found unsupported 'wkey' record, try loading with version 0.18";
            return false;
        } else if (strType == DBKeys::ACTIVEEXTERNALSPK || strType == DBKeys::ACTIVEINTERNALSPK) {
            uint8_t type;
            ssKey >> type;
            uint256 id;
            ssValue >> id;

            bool internal = strType == DBKeys::ACTIVEINTERNALSPK;
            auto& spk_mans = internal ? wss.m_active_internal_spks : wss.m_active_external_spks;
            if (spk_mans.count(static_cast<OutputType>(type)) > 0) {
                strErr = "Multiple ScriptPubKeyMans specified for a single type";
                return false;
            }
            spk_mans[static_cast<OutputType>(type)] = id;
        } else if (strType == DBKeys::WALLETDESCRIPTOR) {
            uint256 id;
            ssKey >> id;
            WalletDescriptor desc;
            ssValue >> desc;
            if (wss.m_descriptor_caches.count(id) == 0) {
                wss.m_descriptor_caches[id] = DescriptorCache();
            }
            pwallet->LoadDescriptorScriptPubKeyMan(id, desc);
        } else if (strType == DBKeys::WALLETDESCRIPTORCACHE) {
            bool parent = true;
            uint256 desc_id;
            uint32_t key_exp_index;
            uint32_t der_index;
            ssKey >> desc_id;
            ssKey >> key_exp_index;

            // if the der_index exists, it's a derived xpub
            try
            {
                ssKey >> der_index;
                parent = false;
            }
            catch (...) {}

            std::vector<unsigned char> ser_xpub(BIP32_EXTKEY_SIZE);
            ssValue >> ser_xpub;
            CExtPubKey xpub;
            xpub.Decode(ser_xpub.data());
            if (wss.m_descriptor_caches.count(desc_id)) {
                wss.m_descriptor_caches[desc_id] = DescriptorCache();
            }
            if (parent) {
                wss.m_descriptor_caches[desc_id].CacheParentExtPubKey(key_exp_index, xpub);
            } else {
                wss.m_descriptor_caches[desc_id].CacheDerivedExtPubKey(key_exp_index, der_index, xpub);
            }
        } else if (strType == DBKeys::WALLETDESCRIPTORKEY) {
            uint256 desc_id;
            CPubKey pubkey;
            ssKey >> desc_id;
            ssKey >> pubkey;
            if (!pubkey.IsValid())
            {
                strErr = "Error reading wallet database: CPubKey corrupt";
                return false;
            }
            CKey key;
            CPrivKey pkey;
            uint256 hash;

            wss.nKeys++;
            ssValue >> pkey;
            ssValue >> hash;

            // hash pubkey/privkey to accelerate wallet load
            std::vector<unsigned char> to_hash;
            to_hash.reserve(pubkey.size() + pkey.size());
            to_hash.insert(to_hash.end(), pubkey.begin(), pubkey.end());
            to_hash.insert(to_hash.end(), pkey.begin(), pkey.end());

            if (Hash(to_hash.begin(), to_hash.end()) != hash)
            {
                strErr = "Error reading wallet database: CPubKey/CPrivKey corrupt";
                return false;
            }

            if (!key.Load(pkey, pubkey, true))
            {
                strErr = "Error reading wallet database: CPrivKey corrupt";
                return false;
            }
            wss.m_descriptor_keys.insert(std::make_pair(std::make_pair(desc_id, pubkey.GetID()), key));
        } else if (strType == DBKeys::WALLETDESCRIPTORCKEY) {
            uint256 desc_id;
            CPubKey pubkey;
            ssKey >> desc_id;
            ssKey >> pubkey;
            if (!pubkey.IsValid())
            {
                strErr = "Error reading wallet database: CPubKey corrupt";
                return false;
            }
            std::vector<unsigned char> privkey;
            ssValue >> privkey;
            wss.nCKeys++;

            wss.m_descriptor_crypt_keys.insert(std::make_pair(std::make_pair(desc_id, pubkey.GetID()), std::make_pair(pubkey, privkey)));
            wss.fIsEncrypted = true;
        } else if (strType != DBKeys::BESTBLOCK && strType != DBKeys::BESTBLOCK_NOMERKLE &&
                   strType != DBKeys::MINVERSION && strType != DBKeys::ACENTRY &&
                   strType != DBKeys::VERSION && strType != DBKeys::SETTINGS) {
            wss.m_unknown_records++;
        }
    } catch (const std::exception& e) {
        if (strErr.empty()) {
            strErr = e.what();
        }
        return false;
    } catch (...) {
        if (strErr.empty()) {
            strErr = "Caught unknown exception in ReadKeyValue";
        }
        return false;
    }
    return true;
}

bool ReadKeyValue(CWallet* pwallet, CDataStream& ssKey, CDataStream& ssValue, std::string& strType, std::string& strErr)
{
    CWalletScanState dummy_wss;
    LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
    return ReadKeyValue(pwallet, ssKey, ssValue, dummy_wss, strType, strErr);
}

bool WalletBatch::IsKeyType(const std::string& strType)
{
    return (strType == DBKeys::KEY ||
            strType == DBKeys::MASTER_KEY || strType == DBKeys::CRYPTED_KEY);
}

DBErrors WalletBatch::LoadWallet(CWallet* pwallet)
{
    CWalletScanState wss;
    bool fNoncriticalErrors = false;
    DBErrors result = DBErrors::LOAD_OK;

    LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
    try {
        int nMinVersion = 0;
        if (m_batch.Read(DBKeys::MINVERSION, nMinVersion)) {
            if (nMinVersion > FEATURE_LATEST)
                return DBErrors::TOO_NEW;
            pwallet->LoadMinVersion(nMinVersion);
        }

        // Get cursor
        Dbc* pcursor = m_batch.GetCursor();
        if (!pcursor)
        {
            pwallet->WalletLogPrintf("Error getting wallet database cursor\n");
            return DBErrors::CORRUPT;
        }

        while (true)
        {
            // Read next record
            CDataStream ssKey(SER_DISK, CLIENT_VERSION);
            CDataStream ssValue(SER_DISK, CLIENT_VERSION);
            int ret = m_batch.ReadAtCursor(pcursor, ssKey, ssValue);
            if (ret == DB_NOTFOUND)
                break;
            else if (ret != 0)
            {
                pwallet->WalletLogPrintf("Error reading next record from wallet database\n");
                return DBErrors::CORRUPT;
            }

            // Try to be tolerant of single corrupt records:
            std::string strType, strErr;
            if (!ReadKeyValue(pwallet, ssKey, ssValue, wss, strType, strErr))
            {
                // losing keys is considered a catastrophic error, anything else
                // we assume the user can live with:
                if (IsKeyType(strType) || strType == DBKeys::DEFAULTKEY) {
                    result = DBErrors::CORRUPT;
                } else if (strType == DBKeys::FLAGS) {
                    // reading the wallet flags can only fail if unknown flags are present
                    result = DBErrors::TOO_NEW;
                } else {
                    // Leave other errors alone, if we try to fix them we might make things worse.
                    fNoncriticalErrors = true; // ... but do warn the user there is something wrong.
                    if (strType == DBKeys::TX)
                        // Rescan if there is a bad transaction record:
                        gArgs.SoftSetBoolArg("-rescan", true);
                }
            }
            if (!strErr.empty())
                pwallet->WalletLogPrintf("%s\n", strErr);
        }
        pcursor->close();
    }
    catch (const boost::thread_interrupted&) {
        throw;
    }
    catch (...) {
        result = DBErrors::CORRUPT;
    }

    // Set the active ScriptPubKeyMans
    for (auto spk_man_pair : wss.m_active_external_spks) {
        pwallet->SetActiveScriptPubKeyMan(spk_man_pair.second, spk_man_pair.first, /* internal */ false, /* memonly */ true);
    }
    for (auto spk_man_pair : wss.m_active_internal_spks) {
        pwallet->SetActiveScriptPubKeyMan(spk_man_pair.second, spk_man_pair.first, /* internal */ true, /* memonly */ true);
    }

    // Set the descriptor caches
    for (auto desc_cache_pair : wss.m_descriptor_caches) {
        auto spk_man = pwallet->GetScriptPubKeyMan(desc_cache_pair.first);
        assert(spk_man);
        ((DescriptorScriptPubKeyMan*)spk_man)->SetCache(desc_cache_pair.second);
    }

    // Set the descriptor keys
    for (auto desc_key_pair : wss.m_descriptor_keys) {
        auto spk_man = pwallet->GetScriptPubKeyMan(desc_key_pair.first.first);
        ((DescriptorScriptPubKeyMan*)spk_man)->AddKey(desc_key_pair.first.second, desc_key_pair.second);
    }
    for (auto desc_key_pair : wss.m_descriptor_crypt_keys) {
        auto spk_man = pwallet->GetScriptPubKeyMan(desc_key_pair.first.first);
        ((DescriptorScriptPubKeyMan*)spk_man)->AddCryptedKey(desc_key_pair.first.second, desc_key_pair.second.first, desc_key_pair.second.second);
    }

    if (fNoncriticalErrors && result == DBErrors::LOAD_OK)
        result = DBErrors::NONCRITICAL_ERROR;

    // Any wallet corruption at all: skip any rewriting or
    // upgrading, we don't want to make it worse.
    if (result != DBErrors::LOAD_OK)
        return result;

    // Last client version to open this wallet, was previously the file version number
    int last_client = CLIENT_VERSION;
    m_batch.Read(DBKeys::VERSION, last_client);

    int wallet_version = pwallet->GetVersion();
    pwallet->WalletLogPrintf("Wallet File Version = %d\n", wallet_version > 0 ? wallet_version : last_client);

    pwallet->WalletLogPrintf("Keys: %u plaintext, %u encrypted, %u w/ metadata, %u total. Unknown wallet records: %u\n",
           wss.nKeys, wss.nCKeys, wss.nKeyMeta, wss.nKeys + wss.nCKeys, wss.m_unknown_records);

    // nTimeFirstKey is only reliable if all keys have metadata
    if (pwallet->IsLegacy() && (wss.nKeys + wss.nCKeys + wss.nWatchKeys) != wss.nKeyMeta) {
        auto spk_man = pwallet->GetOrCreateLegacyScriptPubKeyMan();
        if (spk_man) {
            LOCK(spk_man->cs_KeyStore);
            spk_man->UpdateTimeFirstKey(1);
        }
    }

    for (const uint256& hash : wss.vWalletUpgrade)
        WriteTx(pwallet->mapWallet.at(hash));

    // Rewrite encrypted wallets of versions 0.4.0 and 0.5.0rc:
    if (wss.fIsEncrypted && (last_client == 40000 || last_client == 50000))
        return DBErrors::NEED_REWRITE;

    if (last_client < CLIENT_VERSION) // Update
        m_batch.Write(DBKeys::VERSION, CLIENT_VERSION);

    if (wss.fAnyUnordered)
        result = pwallet->ReorderTransactions();

    // Upgrade all of the wallet keymetadata to have the hd master key id
    // This operation is not atomic, but if it fails, updated entries are still backwards compatible with older software
    try {
        pwallet->UpgradeKeyMetadata();
    } catch (...) {
        result = DBErrors::CORRUPT;
    }

    // Set the inactive chain
    if (wss.m_hd_chains.size() > 0) {
        LegacyScriptPubKeyMan* legacy_spkm = pwallet->GetLegacyScriptPubKeyMan();
        if (!legacy_spkm) {
            pwallet->WalletLogPrintf("Inactive HD Chains found but no Legacy ScriptPubKeyMan\n");
            return DBErrors::CORRUPT;
        }
        for (const auto& chain_pair : wss.m_hd_chains) {
            if (chain_pair.first != pwallet->GetLegacyScriptPubKeyMan()->GetHDChain().seed_id) {
                pwallet->GetLegacyScriptPubKeyMan()->AddInactiveHDChain(chain_pair.second);
            }
        }
    }

    return result;
}

DBErrors WalletBatch::FindWalletTx(std::vector<uint256>& vTxHash, std::list<CWalletTx>& vWtx)
{
    DBErrors result = DBErrors::LOAD_OK;

    try {
        int nMinVersion = 0;
        if (m_batch.Read(DBKeys::MINVERSION, nMinVersion)) {
            if (nMinVersion > FEATURE_LATEST)
                return DBErrors::TOO_NEW;
        }

        // Get cursor
        Dbc* pcursor = m_batch.GetCursor();
        if (!pcursor)
        {
            LogPrintf("Error getting wallet database cursor\n");
            return DBErrors::CORRUPT;
        }

        while (true)
        {
            // Read next record
            CDataStream ssKey(SER_DISK, CLIENT_VERSION);
            CDataStream ssValue(SER_DISK, CLIENT_VERSION);
            int ret = m_batch.ReadAtCursor(pcursor, ssKey, ssValue);
            if (ret == DB_NOTFOUND)
                break;
            else if (ret != 0)
            {
                LogPrintf("Error reading next record from wallet database\n");
                return DBErrors::CORRUPT;
            }

            std::string strType;
            ssKey >> strType;
            if (strType == DBKeys::TX) {
                uint256 hash;
                ssKey >> hash;
                vTxHash.push_back(hash);
                vWtx.emplace_back(nullptr /* wallet */, nullptr /* tx */);
                ssValue >> vWtx.back();
            }
        }
        pcursor->close();
    }
    catch (const boost::thread_interrupted&) {
        throw;
    }
    catch (...) {
        result = DBErrors::CORRUPT;
    }

    return result;
}

DBErrors WalletBatch::ZapSelectTx(std::vector<uint256>& vTxHashIn, std::vector<uint256>& vTxHashOut)
{
    // build list of wallet TXs and hashes
    std::vector<uint256> vTxHash;
    std::list<CWalletTx> vWtx;
    DBErrors err = FindWalletTx(vTxHash, vWtx);
    if (err != DBErrors::LOAD_OK) {
        return err;
    }

    std::sort(vTxHash.begin(), vTxHash.end());
    std::sort(vTxHashIn.begin(), vTxHashIn.end());

    // erase each matching wallet TX
    bool delerror = false;
    std::vector<uint256>::iterator it = vTxHashIn.begin();
    for (const uint256& hash : vTxHash) {
        while (it < vTxHashIn.end() && (*it) < hash) {
            it++;
        }
        if (it == vTxHashIn.end()) {
            break;
        }
        else if ((*it) == hash) {
            if(!EraseTx(hash)) {
                LogPrint(BCLog::WALLETDB, "Transaction was found for deletion but returned database error: %s\n", hash.GetHex());
                delerror = true;
            }
            vTxHashOut.push_back(hash);
        }
    }

    if (delerror) {
        return DBErrors::CORRUPT;
    }
    return DBErrors::LOAD_OK;
}

DBErrors WalletBatch::ZapWalletTx(std::list<CWalletTx>& vWtx)
{
    // build list of wallet TXs
    std::vector<uint256> vTxHash;
    DBErrors err = FindWalletTx(vTxHash, vWtx);
    if (err != DBErrors::LOAD_OK)
        return err;

    // erase each wallet TX
    for (const uint256& hash : vTxHash) {
        if (!EraseTx(hash))
            return DBErrors::CORRUPT;
    }

    return DBErrors::LOAD_OK;
}

void MaybeCompactWalletDB()
{
    static std::atomic<bool> fOneThread(false);
    if (fOneThread.exchange(true)) {
        return;
    }
    if (!gArgs.GetBoolArg("-flushwallet", DEFAULT_FLUSHWALLET)) {
        return;
    }

    for (const std::shared_ptr<CWallet>& pwallet : GetWallets()) {
        WalletDatabase& dbh = pwallet->GetDBHandle();

        unsigned int nUpdateCounter = dbh.nUpdateCounter;

        if (dbh.nLastSeen != nUpdateCounter) {
            dbh.nLastSeen = nUpdateCounter;
            dbh.nLastWalletUpdate = GetTime();
        }

        if (dbh.nLastFlushed != nUpdateCounter && GetTime() - dbh.nLastWalletUpdate >= 2) {
            if (BerkeleyBatch::PeriodicFlush(dbh)) {
                dbh.nLastFlushed = nUpdateCounter;
            }
        }
    }

    fOneThread = false;
}

bool WalletBatch::VerifyEnvironment(const fs::path& wallet_path, bilingual_str& errorStr)
{
    return BerkeleyBatch::VerifyEnvironment(wallet_path, errorStr);
}

bool WalletBatch::VerifyDatabaseFile(const fs::path& wallet_path, bilingual_str& errorStr)
{
    return BerkeleyBatch::VerifyDatabaseFile(wallet_path, errorStr);
}

bool WalletBatch::WriteDestData(const std::string &address, const std::string &key, const std::string &value)
{
    return WriteIC(std::make_pair(DBKeys::DESTDATA, std::make_pair(address, key)), value);
}

bool WalletBatch::EraseDestData(const std::string &address, const std::string &key)
{
    return EraseIC(std::make_pair(DBKeys::DESTDATA, std::make_pair(address, key)));
}


bool WalletBatch::WriteHDChain(const CHDChain& chain)
{
    return WriteIC(DBKeys::HDCHAIN, chain);
}

bool WalletBatch::WriteWalletFlags(const uint64_t flags)
{
    return WriteIC(DBKeys::FLAGS, flags);
}

bool WalletBatch::TxnBegin()
{
    return m_batch.TxnBegin();
}

bool WalletBatch::TxnCommit()
{
    return m_batch.TxnCommit();
}

bool WalletBatch::TxnAbort()
{
    return m_batch.TxnAbort();
}