path: root/src/util.cpp

// Copyright (c) 2009-2010 Satoshi Nakamoto
// Copyright (c) 2009-2012 The Bitcoin developers
// Distributed under the MIT/X11 software license, see the accompanying
// file license.txt or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.

#include "util.h"
#include "strlcpy.h"
#include "version.h"
#include "ui_interface.h"
#include <boost/algorithm/string/join.hpp>

// Work around clang compilation problem in Boost 1.46:
// /usr/include/boost/program_options/detail/config_file.hpp:163:17: error: call to function 'to_internal' that is neither visible in the template definition nor found by argument-dependent lookup
// See also: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/10020179/compilation-fail-in-boost-librairies-program-options
//           http://clang.debian.net/status.php?version=3.0&key=CANNOT_FIND_FUNCTION
namespace boost {
    namespace program_options {
        std::string to_internal(const std::string&);
    }
}

#include <boost/program_options/detail/config_file.hpp>
#include <boost/program_options/parsers.hpp>
#include <boost/filesystem.hpp>
#include <boost/filesystem/fstream.hpp>
#include <boost/interprocess/sync/interprocess_mutex.hpp>
#include <boost/interprocess/sync/interprocess_recursive_mutex.hpp>
#include <boost/foreach.hpp>
#include <openssl/crypto.h>
#include <openssl/rand.h>

#ifdef WIN32
#ifdef _MSC_VER
#pragma warning(disable:4786)
#pragma warning(disable:4804)
#pragma warning(disable:4805)
#pragma warning(disable:4717)
#endif
#ifdef _WIN32_WINNT
#undef _WIN32_WINNT
#endif
#define _WIN32_WINNT 0x0501
#ifdef _WIN32_IE
#undef _WIN32_IE
#endif
#define _WIN32_IE 0x0501
#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN 1
#ifndef NOMINMAX
#define NOMINMAX
#endif
#include "shlobj.h"
#include "shlwapi.h"
#endif

using namespace std;
using namespace boost;

map<string, string> mapArgs;
map<string, vector<string> > mapMultiArgs;
bool fDebug = false;
bool fPrintToConsole = false;
bool fPrintToDebugger = false;
bool fRequestShutdown = false;
bool fShutdown = false;
bool fDaemon = false;
bool fServer = false;
bool fCommandLine = false;
string strMiscWarning;
bool fTestNet = false;
bool fNoListen = false;
bool fLogTimestamps = false;
CMedianFilter<int64> vTimeOffsets(200,0);

// Init openssl library multithreading support
static boost::interprocess::interprocess_mutex** ppmutexOpenSSL;
void locking_callback(int mode, int i, const char* file, int line)
{
    if (mode & CRYPTO_LOCK)
        ppmutexOpenSSL[i]->lock();
    else
        ppmutexOpenSSL[i]->unlock();
}

// Init
class CInit
{
public:
    CInit()
    {
        // Init openssl library multithreading support
        ppmutexOpenSSL = (boost::interprocess::interprocess_mutex**)OPENSSL_malloc(CRYPTO_num_locks() * sizeof(boost::interprocess::interprocess_mutex*));
        for (int i = 0; i < CRYPTO_num_locks(); i++)
            ppmutexOpenSSL[i] = new boost::interprocess::interprocess_mutex();
        CRYPTO_set_locking_callback(locking_callback);

#ifdef WIN32
        // Seed random number generator with screen scrape and other hardware sources
        RAND_screen();
#endif

        // Seed random number generator with performance counter
        RandAddSeed();
    }
    ~CInit()
    {
        // Shutdown openssl library multithreading support
        CRYPTO_set_locking_callback(NULL);
        for (int i = 0; i < CRYPTO_num_locks(); i++)
            delete ppmutexOpenSSL[i];
        OPENSSL_free(ppmutexOpenSSL);
    }
}
instance_of_cinit;








void RandAddSeed()
{
    // Seed with CPU performance counter
    int64 nCounter = GetPerformanceCounter();
    RAND_add(&nCounter, sizeof(nCounter), 1.5);
    memset(&nCounter, 0, sizeof(nCounter));
}

void RandAddSeedPerfmon()
{
    RandAddSeed();

    // This can take up to 2 seconds, so only do it every 10 minutes
    static int64 nLastPerfmon;
    if (GetTime() < nLastPerfmon + 10 * 60)
        return;
    nLastPerfmon = GetTime();

#ifdef WIN32
    // Don't need this on Linux, OpenSSL automatically uses /dev/urandom
    // Seed with the entire set of perfmon data
    unsigned char pdata[250000];
    memset(pdata, 0, sizeof(pdata));
    unsigned long nSize = sizeof(pdata);
    long ret = RegQueryValueExA(HKEY_PERFORMANCE_DATA, "Global", NULL, NULL, pdata, &nSize);
    RegCloseKey(HKEY_PERFORMANCE_DATA);
    if (ret == ERROR_SUCCESS)
    {
        RAND_add(pdata, nSize, nSize/100.0);
        memset(pdata, 0, nSize);
        printf("%s RandAddSeed() %d bytes\n", DateTimeStrFormat("%x %H:%M", GetTime()).c_str(), nSize);
    }
#endif
}

uint64 GetRand(uint64 nMax)
{
    if (nMax == 0)
        return 0;

    // The range of the random source must be a multiple of the modulus
    // to give every possible output value an equal possibility
    uint64 nRange = (std::numeric_limits<uint64>::max() / nMax) * nMax;
    uint64 nRand = 0;
    do
        RAND_bytes((unsigned char*)&nRand, sizeof(nRand));
    while (nRand >= nRange);
    return (nRand % nMax);
}

int GetRandInt(int nMax)
{
    return GetRand(nMax);
}











inline int OutputDebugStringF(const char* pszFormat, ...)
{
    int ret = 0;
    if (fPrintToConsole)
    {
        // print to console
        va_list arg_ptr;
        va_start(arg_ptr, pszFormat);
        ret = vprintf(pszFormat, arg_ptr);
        va_end(arg_ptr);
    }
    else
    {
        // print to debug.log
        static FILE* fileout = NULL;

        if (!fileout)
        {
            boost::filesystem::path pathDebug = GetDataDir() / "debug.log";
            fileout = fopen(pathDebug.string().c_str(), "a");
            if (fileout) setbuf(fileout, NULL); // unbuffered
        }
        if (fileout)
        {
            static bool fStartedNewLine = true;

            // Debug print useful for profiling
            if (fLogTimestamps && fStartedNewLine)
                fprintf(fileout, "%s ", DateTimeStrFormat("%x %H:%M:%S", GetTime()).c_str());
            if (pszFormat[strlen(pszFormat) - 1] == '\n')
                fStartedNewLine = true;
            else
                fStartedNewLine = false;

            va_list arg_ptr;
            va_start(arg_ptr, pszFormat);
            ret = vfprintf(fileout, pszFormat, arg_ptr);
            va_end(arg_ptr);
        }
    }

#ifdef WIN32
    if (fPrintToDebugger)
    {
        static CCriticalSection cs_OutputDebugStringF;

        // accumulate a line at a time
        {
            LOCK(cs_OutputDebugStringF);
            static char pszBuffer[50000];
            static char* pend;
            if (pend == NULL)
                pend = pszBuffer;
            va_list arg_ptr;
            va_start(arg_ptr, pszFormat);
            int limit = END(pszBuffer) - pend - 2;
            int ret = _vsnprintf(pend, limit, pszFormat, arg_ptr);
            va_end(arg_ptr);
            if (ret < 0 || ret >= limit)
            {
                pend = END(pszBuffer) - 2;
                *pend++ = '\n';
            }
            else
                pend += ret;
            *pend = '\0';
            char* p1 = pszBuffer;
            char* p2;
            while (p2 = strchr(p1, '\n'))
            {
                p2++;
                char c = *p2;
                *p2 = '\0';
                OutputDebugStringA(p1);
                *p2 = c;
                p1 = p2;
            }
            if (p1 != pszBuffer)
                memmove(pszBuffer, p1, pend - p1 + 1);
            pend -= (p1 - pszBuffer);
        }
    }
#endif
    return ret;
}


// Safer snprintf
//  - prints up to limit-1 characters
//  - output string is always null terminated even if limit reached
//  - return value is the number of characters actually printed
int my_snprintf(char* buffer, size_t limit, const char* format, ...)
{
    if (limit == 0)
        return 0;
    va_list arg_ptr;
    va_start(arg_ptr, format);
    int ret = _vsnprintf(buffer, limit, format, arg_ptr);
    va_end(arg_ptr);
    if (ret < 0 || ret >= (int)limit)
    {
        ret = limit - 1;
        buffer[limit-1] = 0;
    }
    return ret;
}

string real_strprintf(const std::string &format, int dummy, ...)
{
    char buffer[50000];
    char* p = buffer;
    int limit = sizeof(buffer);
    int ret;
    loop
    {
        va_list arg_ptr;
        va_start(arg_ptr, dummy);
        ret = _vsnprintf(p, limit, format.c_str(), arg_ptr);
        va_end(arg_ptr);
        if (ret >= 0 && ret < limit)
            break;
        if (p != buffer)
            delete[] p;
        limit *= 2;
        p = new char[limit];
        if (p == NULL)
            throw std::bad_alloc();
    }
    string str(p, p+ret);
    if (p != buffer)
        delete[] p;
    return str;
}

bool error(const char *format, ...)
{
    char buffer[50000];
    int limit = sizeof(buffer);
    va_list arg_ptr;
    va_start(arg_ptr, format);
    int ret = _vsnprintf(buffer, limit, format, arg_ptr);
    va_end(arg_ptr);
    if (ret < 0 || ret >= limit)
    {
        buffer[limit-1] = 0;
    }
    printf("ERROR: %s\n", buffer);
    return false;
}


void ParseString(const string& str, char c, vector<string>& v)
{
    if (str.empty())
        return;
    string::size_type i1 = 0;
    string::size_type i2;
    loop
    {
        i2 = str.find(c, i1);
        if (i2 == str.npos)
        {
            v.push_back(str.substr(i1));
            return;
        }
        v.push_back(str.substr(i1, i2-i1));
        i1 = i2+1;
    }
}


string FormatMoney(int64 n, bool fPlus)
{
    // Note: not using straight sprintf here because we do NOT want
    // localized number formatting.
    int64 n_abs = (n > 0 ? n : -n);
    int64 quotient = n_abs/COIN;
    int64 remainder = n_abs%COIN;
    string str = strprintf("%"PRI64d".%08"PRI64d, quotient, remainder);

    // Right-trim excess 0's before the decimal point:
    int nTrim = 0;
    for (int i = str.size()-1; (str[i] == '0' && isdigit(str[i-2])); --i)
        ++nTrim;
    if (nTrim)
        str.erase(str.size()-nTrim, nTrim);

    if (n < 0)
        str.insert((unsigned int)0, 1, '-');
    else if (fPlus && n > 0)
        str.insert((unsigned int)0, 1, '+');
    return str;
}


bool ParseMoney(const string& str, int64& nRet)
{
    return ParseMoney(str.c_str(), nRet);
}

bool ParseMoney(const char* pszIn, int64& nRet)
{
    string strWhole;
    int64 nUnits = 0;
    const char* p = pszIn;
    while (isspace(*p))
        p++;
    for (; *p; p++)
    {
        if (*p == '.')
        {
            p++;
            int64 nMult = CENT*10;
            while (isdigit(*p) && (nMult > 0))
            {
                nUnits += nMult * (*p++ - '0');
                nMult /= 10;
            }
            break;
        }
        if (isspace(*p))
            break;
        if (!isdigit(*p))
            return false;
        strWhole.insert(strWhole.end(), *p);
    }
    for (; *p; p++)
        if (!isspace(*p))
            return false;
    if (strWhole.size() > 10) // guard against 63 bit overflow
        return false;
    if (nUnits < 0 || nUnits > COIN)
        return false;
    int64 nWhole = atoi64(strWhole);
    int64 nValue = nWhole*COIN + nUnits;

    nRet = nValue;
    return true;
}


static signed char phexdigit[256] =
{ -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,
  -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,
  -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,
  0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,
  -1,0xa,0xb,0xc,0xd,0xe,0xf,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,
  -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,
  -1,0xa,0xb,0xc,0xd,0xe,0xf,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,
  -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,
  -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,
  -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,
  -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,
  -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,
  -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,
  -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,
  -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,
  -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1, };

bool IsHex(const string& str)
{
    BOOST_FOREACH(unsigned char c, str)
    {
        if (phexdigit[c] < 0)
            return false;
    }
    return (str.size() > 0) && (str.size()%2 == 0);
}

vector<unsigned char> ParseHex(const char* psz)
{
    // convert hex dump to vector
    vector<unsigned char> vch;
    loop
    {
        while (isspace(*psz))
            psz++;
        signed char c = phexdigit[(unsigned char)*psz++];
        if (c == (signed char)-1)
            break;
        unsigned char n = (c << 4);
        c = phexdigit[(unsigned char)*psz++];
        if (c == (signed char)-1)
            break;
        n |= c;
        vch.push_back(n);
    }
    return vch;
}

vector<unsigned char> ParseHex(const string& str)
{
    return ParseHex(str.c_str());
}

static void InterpretNegativeSetting(string name, map<string, string>& mapSettingsRet)
{
    // interpret -nofoo as -foo=0 (and -nofoo=0 as -foo=1) as long as -foo not set
    if (name.find("-no") == 0)
    {
        std::string positive("-");
        positive.append(name.begin()+3, name.end());
        if (mapSettingsRet.count(positive) == 0)
        {
            bool value = !GetBoolArg(name);
            mapSettingsRet[positive] = (value ? "1" : "0");
        }
    }
}

void ParseParameters(int argc, const char*const argv[])
{
    mapArgs.clear();
    mapMultiArgs.clear();
    for (int i = 1; i < argc; i++)
    {
        char psz[10000];
        strlcpy(psz, argv[i], sizeof(psz));
        char* pszValue = (char*)"";
        if (strchr(psz, '='))
        {
            pszValue = strchr(psz, '=');
            *pszValue++ = '\0';
        }
        #ifdef WIN32
        _strlwr(psz);
        if (psz[0] == '/')
            psz[0] = '-';
        #endif
        if (psz[0] != '-')
            break;

        mapArgs[psz] = pszValue;
        mapMultiArgs[psz].push_back(pszValue);
    }

    // New 0.6 features:
    BOOST_FOREACH(const PAIRTYPE(string,string)& entry, mapArgs)
    {
        string name = entry.first;

        //  interpret --foo as -foo (as long as both are not set)
        if (name.find("--") == 0)
        {
            std::string singleDash(name.begin()+1, name.end());
            if (mapArgs.count(singleDash) == 0)
                mapArgs[singleDash] = entry.second;
            name = singleDash;
        }

        // interpret -nofoo as -foo=0 (and -nofoo=0 as -foo=1) as long as -foo not set
        InterpretNegativeSetting(name, mapArgs);
    }
}

std::string GetArg(const std::string& strArg, const std::string& strDefault)
{
    if (mapArgs.count(strArg))
        return mapArgs[strArg];
    return strDefault;
}

int64 GetArg(const std::string& strArg, int64 nDefault)
{
    if (mapArgs.count(strArg))
        return atoi64(mapArgs[strArg]);
    return nDefault;
}

bool GetBoolArg(const std::string& strArg, bool fDefault)
{
    if (mapArgs.count(strArg))
    {
        if (mapArgs[strArg].empty())
            return true;
        return (atoi(mapArgs[strArg]) != 0);
    }
    return fDefault;
}

bool SoftSetArg(const std::string& strArg, const std::string& strValue)
{
    if (mapArgs.count(strArg))
        return false;
    mapArgs[strArg] = strValue;
    return true;
}

bool SoftSetBoolArg(const std::string& strArg, bool fValue)
{
    if (fValue)
        return SoftSetArg(strArg, std::string("1"));
    else
        return SoftSetArg(strArg, std::string("0"));
}


string EncodeBase64(const unsigned char* pch, size_t len)
{
    static const char *pbase64 = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/";

    string strRet="";
    strRet.reserve((len+2)/3*4);

    int mode=0, left=0;
    const unsigned char *pchEnd = pch+len;

    while (pch<pchEnd)
    {
        int enc = *(pch++);
        switch (mode)
        {
            case 0: // we have no bits
                strRet += pbase64[enc >> 2];
                left = (enc & 3) << 4;
                mode = 1;
                break;

            case 1: // we have two bits
                strRet += pbase64[left | (enc >> 4)];
                left = (enc & 15) << 2;
                mode = 2;
                break;

            case 2: // we have four bits
                strRet += pbase64[left | (enc >> 6)];
                strRet += pbase64[enc & 63];
                mode = 0;
                break;
        }
    }

    if (mode)
    {
        strRet += pbase64[left];
        strRet += '=';
        if (mode == 1)
            strRet += '=';
    }

    return strRet;
}

string EncodeBase64(const string& str)
{
    return EncodeBase64((const unsigned char*)str.c_str(), str.size());
}

vector<unsigned char> DecodeBase64(const char* p, bool* pfInvalid)
{
    static const int decode64_table[256] =
    {
        -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
        -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
        -1, -1, -1, 62, -1, -1, -1, 63, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, -1, -1,
        -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,  0,  1,  2,  3,  4,  5,  6,  7,  8,  9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14,
        15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 26, 27, 28,
        29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48,
        49, 50, 51, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
        -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
        -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
        -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
        -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
        -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
        -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1
    };

    if (pfInvalid)
        *pfInvalid = false;

    vector<unsigned char> vchRet;
    vchRet.reserve(strlen(p)*3/4);

    int mode = 0;
    int left = 0;

    while (1)
    {
         int dec = decode64_table[(unsigned char)*p];
         if (dec == -1) break;
         p++;
         switch (mode)
         {
             case 0: // we have no bits and get 6
                 left = dec;
                 mode = 1;
                 break;

              case 1: // we have 6 bits and keep 4
                  vchRet.push_back((left<<2) | (dec>>4));
                  left = dec & 15;
                  mode = 2;
                  break;

             case 2: // we have 4 bits and get 6, we keep 2
                 vchRet.push_back((left<<4) | (dec>>2));
                 left = dec & 3;
                 mode = 3;
                 break;

             case 3: // we have 2 bits and get 6
                 vchRet.push_back((left<<6) | dec);
                 mode = 0;
                 break;
         }
    }

    if (pfInvalid)
        switch (mode)
        {
            case 0: // 4n base64 characters processed: ok
                break;

            case 1: // 4n+1 base64 character processed: impossible
                *pfInvalid = true;
                break;

            case 2: // 4n+2 base64 characters processed: require '=='
                if (left || p[0] != '=' || p[1] != '=' || decode64_table[(unsigned char)p[2]] != -1)
                    *pfInvalid = true;
                break;

            case 3: // 4n+3 base64 characters processed: require '='
                if (left || p[0] != '=' || decode64_table[(unsigned char)p[1]] != -1)
                    *pfInvalid = true;
                break;
        }

    return vchRet;
}

string DecodeBase64(const string& str)
{
    vector<unsigned char> vchRet = DecodeBase64(str.c_str());
    return string((const char*)&vchRet[0], vchRet.size());
}


bool WildcardMatch(const char* psz, const char* mask)
{
    loop
    {
        switch (*mask)
        {
        case '\0':
            return (*psz == '\0');
        case '*':
            return WildcardMatch(psz, mask+1) || (*psz && WildcardMatch(psz+1, mask));
        case '?':
            if (*psz == '\0')
                return false;
            break;
        default:
            if (*psz != *mask)
                return false;
            break;
        }
        psz++;
        mask++;
    }
}

bool WildcardMatch(const string& str, const string& mask)
{
    return WildcardMatch(str.c_str(), mask.c_str());
}








void FormatException(char* pszMessage, std::exception* pex, const char* pszThread)
{
#ifdef WIN32
    char pszModule[MAX_PATH];
    pszModule[0] = '\0';
    GetModuleFileNameA(NULL, pszModule, sizeof(pszModule));
#else
    const char* pszModule = "bitcoin";
#endif
    if (pex)
        snprintf(pszMessage, 1000,
            "EXCEPTION: %s       \n%s       \n%s in %s       \n", typeid(*pex).name(), pex->what(), pszModule, pszThread);
    else
        snprintf(pszMessage, 1000,
            "UNKNOWN EXCEPTION       \n%s in %s       \n", pszModule, pszThread);
}

void LogException(std::exception* pex, const char* pszThread)
{
    char pszMessage[10000];
    FormatException(pszMessage, pex, pszThread);
    printf("\n%s", pszMessage);
}

void PrintException(std::exception* pex, const char* pszThread)
{
    char pszMessage[10000];
    FormatException(pszMessage, pex, pszThread);
    printf("\n\n************************\n%s\n", pszMessage);
    fprintf(stderr, "\n\n************************\n%s\n", pszMessage);
    strMiscWarning = pszMessage;
    throw;
}

void PrintExceptionContinue(std::exception* pex, const char* pszThread)
{
    char pszMessage[10000];
    FormatException(pszMessage, pex, pszThread);
    printf("\n\n************************\n%s\n", pszMessage);
    fprintf(stderr, "\n\n************************\n%s\n", pszMessage);
    strMiscWarning = pszMessage;
}

#ifdef WIN32
boost::filesystem::path MyGetSpecialFolderPath(int nFolder, bool fCreate)
{
    namespace fs = boost::filesystem;

    char pszPath[MAX_PATH] = "";
    if(SHGetSpecialFolderPathA(NULL, pszPath, nFolder, fCreate))
    {
        return fs::path(pszPath);
    }
    else if (nFolder == CSIDL_STARTUP)
    {
        return fs::path(getenv("USERPROFILE")) / "Start Menu" / "Programs" / "Startup";
    }
    else if (nFolder == CSIDL_APPDATA)
    {
        return fs::path(getenv("APPDATA"));
    }
    return fs::path("");
}
#endif

boost::filesystem::path GetDefaultDataDir()
{
    namespace fs = boost::filesystem;

    // Windows: C:\Documents and Settings\username\Application Data\Bitcoin
    // Mac: ~/Library/Application Support/Bitcoin
    // Unix: ~/.bitcoin
#ifdef WIN32
    // Windows
    return MyGetSpecialFolderPath(CSIDL_APPDATA, true) / "Bitcoin";
#else
    fs::path pathRet;
    char* pszHome = getenv("HOME");
    if (pszHome == NULL || strlen(pszHome) == 0)
        pathRet = fs::path("/");
    else
        pathRet = fs::path(pszHome);
#ifdef MAC_OSX
    // Mac
    pathRet /= "Library/Application Support";
    filesystem::create_directory(pathRet);
    return pathRet / "Bitcoin";
#else
    // Unix
    return pathRet / ".bitcoin";
#endif
#endif
}

const boost::filesystem::path &GetDataDir(bool fNetSpecific)
{
    namespace fs = boost::filesystem;

    static fs::path pathCached[2];
    static CCriticalSection csPathCached;
    static bool cachedPath[2] = {false, false};

    fs::path &path = pathCached[fNetSpecific];

    // This can be called during exceptions by printf, so we cache the
    // value so we don't have to do memory allocations after that.
    if (cachedPath[fNetSpecific])
        return path;

    LOCK(csPathCached);

    if (mapArgs.count("-datadir")) {
        path = fs::system_complete(mapArgs["-datadir"]);
        if (!fs::is_directory(path)) {
            path = "";
            return path;
        }
    } else {
        path = GetDefaultDataDir();
    }
    if (fNetSpecific && GetBoolArg("-testnet", false))
        path /= "testnet";

    fs::create_directory(path);

    cachedPath[fNetSpecific]=true;
    return path;
}

boost::filesystem::path GetConfigFile()
{
    namespace fs = boost::filesystem;

    fs::path pathConfigFile(GetArg("-conf", "bitcoin.conf"));
    if (!pathConfigFile.is_complete()) pathConfigFile = GetDataDir(false) / pathConfigFile;
    return pathConfigFile;
}

void ReadConfigFile(map<string, string>& mapSettingsRet,
                    map<string, vector<string> >& mapMultiSettingsRet)
{
    namespace fs = boost::filesystem;
    namespace pod = boost::program_options::detail;

    fs::ifstream streamConfig(GetConfigFile());
    if (!streamConfig.good())
        return; // No bitcoin.conf file is OK

    set<string> setOptions;
    setOptions.insert("*");

    for (pod::config_file_iterator it(streamConfig, setOptions), end; it != end; ++it)
    {
        // Don't overwrite existing settings so command line settings override bitcoin.conf
        string strKey = string("-") + it->string_key;
        if (mapSettingsRet.count(strKey) == 0)
        {
            mapSettingsRet[strKey] = it->value[0];
            //  interpret nofoo=1 as foo=0 (and nofoo=0 as foo=1) as long as foo not set)
            InterpretNegativeSetting(strKey, mapSettingsRet);
        }
        mapMultiSettingsRet[strKey].push_back(it->value[0]);
    }
}

boost::filesystem::path GetPidFile()
{
    namespace fs = boost::filesystem;

    fs::path pathPidFile(GetArg("-pid", "bitcoind.pid"));
    if (!pathPidFile.is_complete()) pathPidFile = GetDataDir() / pathPidFile;
    return pathPidFile;
}

void CreatePidFile(const boost::filesystem::path &path, pid_t pid)
{
    FILE* file = fopen(path.string().c_str(), "w");
    if (file)
    {
        fprintf(file, "%d\n", pid);
        fclose(file);
    }
}

int GetFilesize(FILE* file)
{
    int nSavePos = ftell(file);
    int nFilesize = -1;
    if (fseek(file, 0, SEEK_END) == 0)
        nFilesize = ftell(file);
    fseek(file, nSavePos, SEEK_SET);
    return nFilesize;
}

void ShrinkDebugFile()
{
    // Scroll debug.log if it's getting too big
    boost::filesystem::path pathLog = GetDataDir() / "debug.log";
    FILE* file = fopen(pathLog.string().c_str(), "r");
    if (file && GetFilesize(file) > 10 * 1000000)
    {
        // Restart the file with some of the end
        char pch[200000];
        fseek(file, -sizeof(pch), SEEK_END);
        int nBytes = fread(pch, 1, sizeof(pch), file);
        fclose(file);

        file = fopen(pathLog.string().c_str(), "w");
        if (file)
        {
            fwrite(pch, 1, nBytes, file);
            fclose(file);
        }
    }
}








//
// "Never go to sea with two chronometers; take one or three."
// Our three time sources are:
//  - System clock
//  - Median of other nodes's clocks
//  - The user (asking the user to fix the system clock if the first two disagree)
//
static int64 nMockTime = 0;  // For unit testing

int64 GetTime()
{
    if (nMockTime) return nMockTime;

    return time(NULL);
}

void SetMockTime(int64 nMockTimeIn)
{
    nMockTime = nMockTimeIn;
}

static int64 nTimeOffset = 0;

int64 GetAdjustedTime()
{
    return GetTime() + nTimeOffset;
}

void AddTimeData(const CNetAddr& ip, int64 nTime)
{
    int64 nOffsetSample = nTime - GetTime();

    // Ignore duplicates
    static set<CNetAddr> setKnown;
    if (!setKnown.insert(ip).second)
        return;

    // Add data
    vTimeOffsets.input(nOffsetSample);
    printf("Added time data, samples %d, offset %+"PRI64d" (%+"PRI64d" minutes)\n", vTimeOffsets.size(), nOffsetSample, nOffsetSample/60);
    if (vTimeOffsets.size() >= 5 && vTimeOffsets.size() % 2 == 1)
    {
        int64 nMedian = vTimeOffsets.median();
        std::vector<int64> vSorted = vTimeOffsets.sorted();
        // Only let other nodes change our time by so much
        if (abs64(nMedian) < 70 * 60)
        {
            nTimeOffset = nMedian;
        }
        else
        {
            nTimeOffset = 0;

            static bool fDone;
            if (!fDone)
            {
                // If nobody has a time different than ours but within 5 minutes of ours, give a warning
                bool fMatch = false;
                BOOST_FOREACH(int64 nOffset, vSorted)
                    if (nOffset != 0 && abs64(nOffset) < 5 * 60)
                        fMatch = true;

                if (!fMatch)
                {
                    fDone = true;
                    string strMessage = _("Warning: Please check that your computer's date and time are correct.  If your clock is wrong Bitcoin will not work properly.");
                    strMiscWarning = strMessage;
                    printf("*** %s\n", strMessage.c_str());
                    ThreadSafeMessageBox(strMessage+" ", string("Bitcoin"), wxOK | wxICON_EXCLAMATION);
                }
            }
        }
        if (fDebug) {
            BOOST_FOREACH(int64 n, vSorted)
                printf("%+"PRI64d"  ", n);
            printf("|  ");
        }
        printf("nTimeOffset = %+"PRI64d"  (%+"PRI64d" minutes)\n", nTimeOffset, nTimeOffset/60);
    }
}








string FormatVersion(int nVersion)
{
    if (nVersion%100 == 0)
        return strprintf("%d.%d.%d", nVersion/1000000, (nVersion/10000)%100, (nVersion/100)%100);
    else
        return strprintf("%d.%d.%d.%d", nVersion/1000000, (nVersion/10000)%100, (nVersion/100)%100, nVersion%100);
}

string FormatFullVersion()
{
    return CLIENT_BUILD;
}

// Format the subversion field according to BIP 14 spec (https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/BIP_0014)
std::string FormatSubVersion(const std::string& name, int nClientVersion, const std::vector<std::string>& comments)
{
    std::ostringstream ss;
    ss << "/";
    ss << name << ":" << FormatVersion(nClientVersion);
    if (!comments.empty())
        ss << "(" << boost::algorithm::join(comments, "; ") << ")";
    ss << "/";
    return ss.str();
}

#ifdef WIN32
boost::filesystem::path static StartupShortcutPath()
{
    return MyGetSpecialFolderPath(CSIDL_STARTUP, true) / "Bitcoin.lnk";
}

bool GetStartOnSystemStartup()
{
    return filesystem::exists(StartupShortcutPath());
}

bool SetStartOnSystemStartup(bool fAutoStart)
{
    // If the shortcut exists already, remove it for updating
    boost::filesystem::remove(StartupShortcutPath());

    if (fAutoStart)
    {
        CoInitialize(NULL);

        // Get a pointer to the IShellLink interface.
        IShellLink* psl = NULL;
        HRESULT hres = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_ShellLink, NULL,
                                CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, IID_IShellLink,
                                reinterpret_cast<void**>(&psl));

        if (SUCCEEDED(hres))
        {
            // Get the current executable path
            TCHAR pszExePath[MAX_PATH];
            GetModuleFileName(NULL, pszExePath, sizeof(pszExePath));

            TCHAR pszArgs[5] = TEXT("-min");

            // Set the path to the shortcut target
            psl->SetPath(pszExePath);
            PathRemoveFileSpec(pszExePath);
            psl->SetWorkingDirectory(pszExePath);
            psl->SetShowCmd(SW_SHOWMINNOACTIVE);
            psl->SetArguments(pszArgs);

            // Query IShellLink for the IPersistFile interface for
            // saving the shortcut in persistent storage.
            IPersistFile* ppf = NULL;
            hres = psl->QueryInterface(IID_IPersistFile,
                                       reinterpret_cast<void**>(&ppf));
            if (SUCCEEDED(hres))
            {
                WCHAR pwsz[MAX_PATH];
                // Ensure that the string is ANSI.
                MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, StartupShortcutPath().string().c_str(), -1, pwsz, MAX_PATH);
                // Save the link by calling IPersistFile::Save.
                hres = ppf->Save(pwsz, TRUE);
                ppf->Release();
                psl->Release();
                CoUninitialize();
                return true;
            }
            psl->Release();
        }
        CoUninitialize();
        return false;
    }
    return true;
}

#elif defined(LINUX)

// Follow the Desktop Application Autostart Spec:
//  http://standards.freedesktop.org/autostart-spec/autostart-spec-latest.html

boost::filesystem::path static GetAutostartDir()
{
    namespace fs = boost::filesystem;

    char* pszConfigHome = getenv("XDG_CONFIG_HOME");
    if (pszConfigHome) return fs::path(pszConfigHome) / "autostart";
    char* pszHome = getenv("HOME");
    if (pszHome) return fs::path(pszHome) / ".config" / "autostart";
    return fs::path();
}

boost::filesystem::path static GetAutostartFilePath()
{
    return GetAutostartDir() / "bitcoin.desktop";
}

bool GetStartOnSystemStartup()
{
    boost::filesystem::ifstream optionFile(GetAutostartFilePath());
    if (!optionFile.good())
        return false;
    // Scan through file for "Hidden=true":
    string line;
    while (!optionFile.eof())
    {
        getline(optionFile, line);
        if (line.find("Hidden") != string::npos &&
            line.find("true") != string::npos)
            return false;
    }
    optionFile.close();

    return true;
}

bool SetStartOnSystemStartup(bool fAutoStart)
{
    if (!fAutoStart)
        boost::filesystem::remove(GetAutostartFilePath());
    else
    {
        char pszExePath[MAX_PATH+1];
        memset(pszExePath, 0, sizeof(pszExePath));
        if (readlink("/proc/self/exe", pszExePath, sizeof(pszExePath)-1) == -1)
            return false;

        boost::filesystem::create_directories(GetAutostartDir());

        boost::filesystem::ofstream optionFile(GetAutostartFilePath(), ios_base::out|ios_base::trunc);
        if (!optionFile.good())
            return false;
        // Write a bitcoin.desktop file to the autostart directory:
        optionFile << "[Desktop Entry]\n";
        optionFile << "Type=Application\n";
        optionFile << "Name=Bitcoin\n";
        optionFile << "Exec=" << pszExePath << " -min\n";
        optionFile << "Terminal=false\n";
        optionFile << "Hidden=false\n";
        optionFile.close();
    }
    return true;
}
#else

// TODO: OSX startup stuff; see:
// http://developer.apple.com/mac/library/documentation/MacOSX/Conceptual/BPSystemStartup/Articles/CustomLogin.html

bool GetStartOnSystemStartup() { return false; }
bool SetStartOnSystemStartup(bool fAutoStart) { return false; }

#endif



#ifdef DEBUG_LOCKORDER
//
// Early deadlock detection.
// Problem being solved:
//    Thread 1 locks  A, then B, then C
//    Thread 2 locks  D, then C, then A
//     --> may result in deadlock between the two threads, depending on when they run.
// Solution implemented here:
// Keep track of pairs of locks: (A before B), (A before C), etc.
// Complain if any thread trys to lock in a different order.
//

struct CLockLocation
{
    CLockLocation(const char* pszName, const char* pszFile, int nLine)
    {
        mutexName = pszName;
        sourceFile = pszFile;
        sourceLine = nLine;
    }

    std::string ToString() const
    {
        return mutexName+"  "+sourceFile+":"+itostr(sourceLine);
    }

private:
    std::string mutexName;
    std::string sourceFile;
    int sourceLine;
};

typedef std::vector< std::pair<void*, CLockLocation> > LockStack;

static boost::interprocess::interprocess_mutex dd_mutex;
static std::map<std::pair<void*, void*>, LockStack> lockorders;
static boost::thread_specific_ptr<LockStack> lockstack;


static void potential_deadlock_detected(const std::pair<void*, void*>& mismatch, const LockStack& s1, const LockStack& s2)
{
    printf("POTENTIAL DEADLOCK DETECTED\n");
    printf("Previous lock order was:\n");
    BOOST_FOREACH(const PAIRTYPE(void*, CLockLocation)& i, s2)
    {
        if (i.first == mismatch.first) printf(" (1)");
        if (i.first == mismatch.second) printf(" (2)");
        printf(" %s\n", i.second.ToString().c_str());
    }
    printf("Current lock order is:\n");
    BOOST_FOREACH(const PAIRTYPE(void*, CLockLocation)& i, s1)
    {
        if (i.first == mismatch.first) printf(" (1)");
        if (i.first == mismatch.second) printf(" (2)");
        printf(" %s\n", i.second.ToString().c_str());
    }
}

static void push_lock(void* c, const CLockLocation& locklocation, bool fTry)
{
    bool fOrderOK = true;
    if (lockstack.get() == NULL)
        lockstack.reset(new LockStack);

    if (fDebug) printf("Locking: %s\n", locklocation.ToString().c_str());
    dd_mutex.lock();

    (*lockstack).push_back(std::make_pair(c, locklocation));

    if (!fTry) BOOST_FOREACH(const PAIRTYPE(void*, CLockLocation)& i, (*lockstack))
    {
        if (i.first == c) break;

        std::pair<void*, void*> p1 = std::make_pair(i.first, c);
        if (lockorders.count(p1))
            continue;
        lockorders[p1] = (*lockstack);

        std::pair<void*, void*> p2 = std::make_pair(c, i.first);
        if (lockorders.count(p2))
        {
            potential_deadlock_detected(p1, lockorders[p2], lockorders[p1]);
            break;
        }
    }
    dd_mutex.unlock();
}

static void pop_lock()
{
    if (fDebug) 
    {
        const CLockLocation& locklocation = (*lockstack).rbegin()->second;
        printf("Unlocked: %s\n", locklocation.ToString().c_str());
    }
    dd_mutex.lock();
    (*lockstack).pop_back();
    dd_mutex.unlock();
}

void EnterCritical(const char* pszName, const char* pszFile, int nLine, void* cs, bool fTry)
{
    push_lock(cs, CLockLocation(pszName, pszFile, nLine), fTry);
}

void LeaveCritical()
{
    pop_lock();
}

#endif /* DEBUG_LOCKORDER */