path: root/src/rpc/rawtransaction.cpp

// Copyright (c) 2010 Satoshi Nakamoto
// Copyright (c) 2009-2019 The Bitcoin Core developers
// Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
// file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.

#include <chain.h>
#include <coins.h>
#include <compat/byteswap.h>
#include <consensus/tx_verify.h>
#include <consensus/validation.h>
#include <core_io.h>
#include <index/txindex.h>
#include <init.h>
#include <key_io.h>
#include <keystore.h>
#include <merkleblock.h>
#include <node/transaction.h>
#include <policy/policy.h>
#include <policy/rbf.h>
#include <primitives/transaction.h>
#include <psbt.h>
#include <rpc/rawtransaction.h>
#include <rpc/server.h>
#include <rpc/util.h>
#include <script/script.h>
#include <script/script_error.h>
#include <script/sign.h>
#include <script/standard.h>
#include <uint256.h>
#include <util/bip32.h>
#include <util/strencodings.h>
#include <validation.h>
#include <validationinterface.h>


#include <numeric>
#include <stdint.h>

#include <univalue.h>


static void TxToJSON(const CTransaction& tx, const uint256 hashBlock, UniValue& entry)
{
    // Call into TxToUniv() in bitcoin-common to decode the transaction hex.
    //
    // Blockchain contextual information (confirmations and blocktime) is not
    // available to code in bitcoin-common, so we query them here and push the
    // data into the returned UniValue.
    TxToUniv(tx, uint256(), entry, true, RPCSerializationFlags());

    if (!hashBlock.IsNull()) {
        LOCK(cs_main);

        entry.pushKV("blockhash", hashBlock.GetHex());
        CBlockIndex* pindex = LookupBlockIndex(hashBlock);
        if (pindex) {
            if (chainActive.Contains(pindex)) {
                entry.pushKV("confirmations", 1 + chainActive.Height() - pindex->nHeight);
                entry.pushKV("time", pindex->GetBlockTime());
                entry.pushKV("blocktime", pindex->GetBlockTime());
            }
            else
                entry.pushKV("confirmations", 0);
        }
    }
}

static UniValue getrawtransaction(const JSONRPCRequest& request)
{
    const RPCHelpMan help{
                "getrawtransaction",
                "\nReturn the raw transaction data.\n"

                "\nBy default this function only works for mempool transactions. When called with a blockhash\n"
                "argument, getrawtransaction will return the transaction if the specified block is available and\n"
                "the transaction is found in that block. When called without a blockhash argument, getrawtransaction\n"
                "will return the transaction if it is in the mempool, or if -txindex is enabled and the transaction\n"
                "is in a block in the blockchain.\n"

                "\nHint: Use gettransaction for wallet transactions.\n"

                "\nIf verbose is 'true', returns an Object with information about 'txid'.\n"
                "If verbose is 'false' or omitted, returns a string that is serialized, hex-encoded data for 'txid'.\n",
                {
                    {"txid", RPCArg::Type::STR_HEX, RPCArg::Optional::NO, "The transaction id"},
                    {"verbose", RPCArg::Type::BOOL, /* default */ "false", "If false, return a string, otherwise return a json object"},
                    {"blockhash", RPCArg::Type::STR_HEX, RPCArg::Optional::OMITTED_NAMED_ARG, "The block in which to look for the transaction"},
                },
                {
                    RPCResult{"if verbose is not set or set to false",
            "\"data\"      (string) The serialized, hex-encoded data for 'txid'\n"
                     },
                     RPCResult{"if verbose is set to true",
            "{\n"
            "  \"in_active_chain\": b, (bool) Whether specified block is in the active chain or not (only present with explicit \"blockhash\" argument)\n"
            "  \"hex\" : \"data\",       (string) The serialized, hex-encoded data for 'txid'\n"
            "  \"txid\" : \"id\",        (string) The transaction id (same as provided)\n"
            "  \"hash\" : \"id\",        (string) The transaction hash (differs from txid for witness transactions)\n"
            "  \"size\" : n,             (numeric) The serialized transaction size\n"
            "  \"vsize\" : n,            (numeric) The virtual transaction size (differs from size for witness transactions)\n"
            "  \"weight\" : n,           (numeric) The transaction's weight (between vsize*4-3 and vsize*4)\n"
            "  \"version\" : n,          (numeric) The version\n"
            "  \"locktime\" : ttt,       (numeric) The lock time\n"
            "  \"vin\" : [               (array of json objects)\n"
            "     {\n"
            "       \"txid\": \"id\",    (string) The transaction id\n"
            "       \"vout\": n,         (numeric) \n"
            "       \"scriptSig\": {     (json object) The script\n"
            "         \"asm\": \"asm\",  (string) asm\n"
            "         \"hex\": \"hex\"   (string) hex\n"
            "       },\n"
            "       \"sequence\": n      (numeric) The script sequence number\n"
            "       \"txinwitness\": [\"hex\", ...] (array of string) hex-encoded witness data (if any)\n"
            "     }\n"
            "     ,...\n"
            "  ],\n"
            "  \"vout\" : [              (array of json objects)\n"
            "     {\n"
            "       \"value\" : x.xxx,            (numeric) The value in " + CURRENCY_UNIT + "\n"
            "       \"n\" : n,                    (numeric) index\n"
            "       \"scriptPubKey\" : {          (json object)\n"
            "         \"asm\" : \"asm\",          (string) the asm\n"
            "         \"hex\" : \"hex\",          (string) the hex\n"
            "         \"reqSigs\" : n,            (numeric) The required sigs\n"
            "         \"type\" : \"pubkeyhash\",  (string) The type, eg 'pubkeyhash'\n"
            "         \"addresses\" : [           (json array of string)\n"
            "           \"address\"        (string) bitcoin address\n"
            "           ,...\n"
            "         ]\n"
            "       }\n"
            "     }\n"
            "     ,...\n"
            "  ],\n"
            "  \"blockhash\" : \"hash\",   (string) the block hash\n"
            "  \"confirmations\" : n,      (numeric) The confirmations\n"
            "  \"blocktime\" : ttt         (numeric) The block time in seconds since epoch (Jan 1 1970 GMT)\n"
            "  \"time\" : ttt,             (numeric) Same as \"blocktime\"\n"
            "}\n"
                    },
                },
                RPCExamples{
                    HelpExampleCli("getrawtransaction", "\"mytxid\"")
            + HelpExampleCli("getrawtransaction", "\"mytxid\" true")
            + HelpExampleRpc("getrawtransaction", "\"mytxid\", true")
            + HelpExampleCli("getrawtransaction", "\"mytxid\" false \"myblockhash\"")
            + HelpExampleCli("getrawtransaction", "\"mytxid\" true \"myblockhash\"")
                },
    };

    if (request.fHelp || !help.IsValidNumArgs(request.params.size())) {
        throw std::runtime_error(help.ToString());
    }

    bool in_active_chain = true;
    uint256 hash = ParseHashV(request.params[0], "parameter 1");
    CBlockIndex* blockindex = nullptr;

    if (hash == Params().GenesisBlock().hashMerkleRoot) {
        // Special exception for the genesis block coinbase transaction
        throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_ADDRESS_OR_KEY, "The genesis block coinbase is not considered an ordinary transaction and cannot be retrieved");
    }

    // Accept either a bool (true) or a num (>=1) to indicate verbose output.
    bool fVerbose = false;
    if (!request.params[1].isNull()) {
        fVerbose = request.params[1].isNum() ? (request.params[1].get_int() != 0) : request.params[1].get_bool();
    }

    if (!request.params[2].isNull()) {
        LOCK(cs_main);

        uint256 blockhash = ParseHashV(request.params[2], "parameter 3");
        blockindex = LookupBlockIndex(blockhash);
        if (!blockindex) {
            throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_ADDRESS_OR_KEY, "Block hash not found");
        }
        in_active_chain = chainActive.Contains(blockindex);
    }

    bool f_txindex_ready = false;
    if (g_txindex && !blockindex) {
        f_txindex_ready = g_txindex->BlockUntilSyncedToCurrentChain();
    }

    CTransactionRef tx;
    uint256 hash_block;
    if (!GetTransaction(hash, tx, Params().GetConsensus(), hash_block, blockindex)) {
        std::string errmsg;
        if (blockindex) {
            if (!(blockindex->nStatus & BLOCK_HAVE_DATA)) {
                throw JSONRPCError(RPC_MISC_ERROR, "Block not available");
            }
            errmsg = "No such transaction found in the provided block";
        } else if (!g_txindex) {
            errmsg = "No such mempool transaction. Use -txindex to enable blockchain transaction queries";
        } else if (!f_txindex_ready) {
            errmsg = "No such mempool transaction. Blockchain transactions are still in the process of being indexed";
        } else {
            errmsg = "No such mempool or blockchain transaction";
        }
        throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_ADDRESS_OR_KEY, errmsg + ". Use gettransaction for wallet transactions.");
    }

    if (!fVerbose) {
        return EncodeHexTx(*tx, RPCSerializationFlags());
    }

    UniValue result(UniValue::VOBJ);
    if (blockindex) result.pushKV("in_active_chain", in_active_chain);
    TxToJSON(*tx, hash_block, result);
    return result;
}

static UniValue gettxoutproof(const JSONRPCRequest& request)
{
    if (request.fHelp || (request.params.size() != 1 && request.params.size() != 2))
        throw std::runtime_error(
            RPCHelpMan{"gettxoutproof",
                "\nReturns a hex-encoded proof that \"txid\" was included in a block.\n"
                "\nNOTE: By default this function only works sometimes. This is when there is an\n"
                "unspent output in the utxo for this transaction. To make it always work,\n"
                "you need to maintain a transaction index, using the -txindex command line option or\n"
                "specify the block in which the transaction is included manually (by blockhash).\n",
                {
                    {"txids", RPCArg::Type::ARR, RPCArg::Optional::NO, "A json array of txids to filter",
                        {
                            {"txid", RPCArg::Type::STR_HEX, RPCArg::Optional::OMITTED, "A transaction hash"},
                        },
                        },
                    {"blockhash", RPCArg::Type::STR_HEX, RPCArg::Optional::OMITTED_NAMED_ARG, "If specified, looks for txid in the block with this hash"},
                },
                RPCResult{
            "\"data\"           (string) A string that is a serialized, hex-encoded data for the proof.\n"
                },
                RPCExamples{""},
            }.ToString()
        );

    std::set<uint256> setTxids;
    uint256 oneTxid;
    UniValue txids = request.params[0].get_array();
    for (unsigned int idx = 0; idx < txids.size(); idx++) {
        const UniValue& txid = txids[idx];
        uint256 hash(ParseHashV(txid, "txid"));
        if (setTxids.count(hash))
            throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER, std::string("Invalid parameter, duplicated txid: ")+txid.get_str());
       setTxids.insert(hash);
       oneTxid = hash;
    }

    CBlockIndex* pblockindex = nullptr;
    uint256 hashBlock;
    if (!request.params[1].isNull()) {
        LOCK(cs_main);
        hashBlock = ParseHashV(request.params[1], "blockhash");
        pblockindex = LookupBlockIndex(hashBlock);
        if (!pblockindex) {
            throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_ADDRESS_OR_KEY, "Block not found");
        }
    } else {
        LOCK(cs_main);

        // Loop through txids and try to find which block they're in. Exit loop once a block is found.
        for (const auto& tx : setTxids) {
            const Coin& coin = AccessByTxid(*pcoinsTip, tx);
            if (!coin.IsSpent()) {
                pblockindex = chainActive[coin.nHeight];
                break;
            }
        }
    }


    // Allow txindex to catch up if we need to query it and before we acquire cs_main.
    if (g_txindex && !pblockindex) {
        g_txindex->BlockUntilSyncedToCurrentChain();
    }

    LOCK(cs_main);

    if (pblockindex == nullptr)
    {
        CTransactionRef tx;
        if (!GetTransaction(oneTxid, tx, Params().GetConsensus(), hashBlock) || hashBlock.IsNull())
            throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_ADDRESS_OR_KEY, "Transaction not yet in block");
        pblockindex = LookupBlockIndex(hashBlock);
        if (!pblockindex) {
            throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INTERNAL_ERROR, "Transaction index corrupt");
        }
    }

    CBlock block;
    if(!ReadBlockFromDisk(block, pblockindex, Params().GetConsensus()))
        throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INTERNAL_ERROR, "Can't read block from disk");

    unsigned int ntxFound = 0;
    for (const auto& tx : block.vtx)
        if (setTxids.count(tx->GetHash()))
            ntxFound++;
    if (ntxFound != setTxids.size())
        throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_ADDRESS_OR_KEY, "Not all transactions found in specified or retrieved block");

    CDataStream ssMB(SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION | SERIALIZE_TRANSACTION_NO_WITNESS);
    CMerkleBlock mb(block, setTxids);
    ssMB << mb;
    std::string strHex = HexStr(ssMB.begin(), ssMB.end());
    return strHex;
}

static UniValue verifytxoutproof(const JSONRPCRequest& request)
{
    if (request.fHelp || request.params.size() != 1)
        throw std::runtime_error(
            RPCHelpMan{"verifytxoutproof",
                "\nVerifies that a proof points to a transaction in a block, returning the transaction it commits to\n"
                "and throwing an RPC error if the block is not in our best chain\n",
                {
                    {"proof", RPCArg::Type::STR_HEX, RPCArg::Optional::NO, "The hex-encoded proof generated by gettxoutproof"},
                },
                RPCResult{
            "[\"txid\"]      (array, strings) The txid(s) which the proof commits to, or empty array if the proof can not be validated.\n"
                },
                RPCExamples{""},
            }.ToString()
        );

    CDataStream ssMB(ParseHexV(request.params[0], "proof"), SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION | SERIALIZE_TRANSACTION_NO_WITNESS);
    CMerkleBlock merkleBlock;
    ssMB >> merkleBlock;

    UniValue res(UniValue::VARR);

    std::vector<uint256> vMatch;
    std::vector<unsigned int> vIndex;
    if (merkleBlock.txn.ExtractMatches(vMatch, vIndex) != merkleBlock.header.hashMerkleRoot)
        return res;

    LOCK(cs_main);

    const CBlockIndex* pindex = LookupBlockIndex(merkleBlock.header.GetHash());
    if (!pindex || !chainActive.Contains(pindex) || pindex->nTx == 0) {
        throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_ADDRESS_OR_KEY, "Block not found in chain");
    }

    // Check if proof is valid, only add results if so
    if (pindex->nTx == merkleBlock.txn.GetNumTransactions()) {
        for (const uint256& hash : vMatch) {
            res.push_back(hash.GetHex());
        }
    }

    return res;
}

CMutableTransaction ConstructTransaction(const UniValue& inputs_in, const UniValue& outputs_in, const UniValue& locktime, const UniValue& rbf)
{
    if (inputs_in.isNull() || outputs_in.isNull())
        throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER, "Invalid parameter, arguments 1 and 2 must be non-null");

    UniValue inputs = inputs_in.get_array();
    const bool outputs_is_obj = outputs_in.isObject();
    UniValue outputs = outputs_is_obj ? outputs_in.get_obj() : outputs_in.get_array();

    CMutableTransaction rawTx;

    if (!locktime.isNull()) {
        int64_t nLockTime = locktime.get_int64();
        if (nLockTime < 0 || nLockTime > LOCKTIME_MAX)
            throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER, "Invalid parameter, locktime out of range");
        rawTx.nLockTime = nLockTime;
    }

    bool rbfOptIn = rbf.isTrue();

    for (unsigned int idx = 0; idx < inputs.size(); idx++) {
        const UniValue& input = inputs[idx];
        const UniValue& o = input.get_obj();

        uint256 txid = ParseHashO(o, "txid");

        const UniValue& vout_v = find_value(o, "vout");
        if (!vout_v.isNum())
            throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER, "Invalid parameter, missing vout key");
        int nOutput = vout_v.get_int();
        if (nOutput < 0)
            throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER, "Invalid parameter, vout must be positive");

        uint32_t nSequence;
        if (rbfOptIn) {
            nSequence = MAX_BIP125_RBF_SEQUENCE; /* CTxIn::SEQUENCE_FINAL - 2 */
        } else if (rawTx.nLockTime) {
            nSequence = CTxIn::SEQUENCE_FINAL - 1;
        } else {
            nSequence = CTxIn::SEQUENCE_FINAL;
        }

        // set the sequence number if passed in the parameters object
        const UniValue& sequenceObj = find_value(o, "sequence");
        if (sequenceObj.isNum()) {
            int64_t seqNr64 = sequenceObj.get_int64();
            if (seqNr64 < 0 || seqNr64 > CTxIn::SEQUENCE_FINAL) {
                throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER, "Invalid parameter, sequence number is out of range");
            } else {
                nSequence = (uint32_t)seqNr64;
            }
        }

        CTxIn in(COutPoint(txid, nOutput), CScript(), nSequence);

        rawTx.vin.push_back(in);
    }

    if (!outputs_is_obj) {
        // Translate array of key-value pairs into dict
        UniValue outputs_dict = UniValue(UniValue::VOBJ);
        for (size_t i = 0; i < outputs.size(); ++i) {
            const UniValue& output = outputs[i];
            if (!output.isObject()) {
                throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER, "Invalid parameter, key-value pair not an object as expected");
            }
            if (output.size() != 1) {
                throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER, "Invalid parameter, key-value pair must contain exactly one key");
            }
            outputs_dict.pushKVs(output);
        }
        outputs = std::move(outputs_dict);
    }

    // Duplicate checking
    std::set<CTxDestination> destinations;
    bool has_data{false};

    for (const std::string& name_ : outputs.getKeys()) {
        if (name_ == "data") {
            if (has_data) {
                throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER, "Invalid parameter, duplicate key: data");
            }
            has_data = true;
            std::vector<unsigned char> data = ParseHexV(outputs[name_].getValStr(), "Data");

            CTxOut out(0, CScript() << OP_RETURN << data);
            rawTx.vout.push_back(out);
        } else {
            CTxDestination destination = DecodeDestination(name_);
            if (!IsValidDestination(destination)) {
                throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_ADDRESS_OR_KEY, std::string("Invalid Bitcoin address: ") + name_);
            }

            if (!destinations.insert(destination).second) {
                throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER, std::string("Invalid parameter, duplicated address: ") + name_);
            }

            CScript scriptPubKey = GetScriptForDestination(destination);
            CAmount nAmount = AmountFromValue(outputs[name_]);

            CTxOut out(nAmount, scriptPubKey);
            rawTx.vout.push_back(out);
        }
    }

    if (!rbf.isNull() && rawTx.vin.size() > 0 && rbfOptIn != SignalsOptInRBF(CTransaction(rawTx))) {
        throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER, "Invalid parameter combination: Sequence number(s) contradict replaceable option");
    }

    return rawTx;
}

static UniValue createrawtransaction(const JSONRPCRequest& request)
{
    if (request.fHelp || request.params.size() < 2 || request.params.size() > 4) {
        throw std::runtime_error(
            RPCHelpMan{"createrawtransaction",
                "\nCreate a transaction spending the given inputs and creating new outputs.\n"
                "Outputs can be addresses or data.\n"
                "Returns hex-encoded raw transaction.\n"
                "Note that the transaction's inputs are not signed, and\n"
                "it is not stored in the wallet or transmitted to the network.\n",
                {
                    {"inputs", RPCArg::Type::ARR, RPCArg::Optional::NO, "A json array of json objects",
                        {
                            {"", RPCArg::Type::OBJ, RPCArg::Optional::OMITTED, "",
                                {
                                    {"txid", RPCArg::Type::STR_HEX, RPCArg::Optional::NO, "The transaction id"},
                                    {"vout", RPCArg::Type::NUM, RPCArg::Optional::NO, "The output number"},
                                    {"sequence", RPCArg::Type::NUM, /* default */ "depends on the value of the 'replaceable' and 'locktime' arguments", "The sequence number"},
                                },
                                },
                        },
                        },
                    {"outputs", RPCArg::Type::ARR, RPCArg::Optional::NO, "a json array with outputs (key-value pairs), where none of the keys are duplicated.\n"
                            "That is, each address can only appear once and there can only be one 'data' object.\n"
                            "For compatibility reasons, a dictionary, which holds the key-value pairs directly, is also\n"
                            "                             accepted as second parameter.",
                        {
                            {"", RPCArg::Type::OBJ, RPCArg::Optional::OMITTED, "",
                                {
                                    {"address", RPCArg::Type::AMOUNT, RPCArg::Optional::NO, "A key-value pair. The key (string) is the bitcoin address, the value (float or string) is the amount in " + CURRENCY_UNIT},
                                },
                                },
                            {"", RPCArg::Type::OBJ, RPCArg::Optional::OMITTED, "",
                                {
                                    {"data", RPCArg::Type::STR_HEX, RPCArg::Optional::NO, "A key-value pair. The key must be \"data\", the value is hex-encoded data"},
                                },
                                },
                        },
                        },
                    {"locktime", RPCArg::Type::NUM, /* default */ "0", "Raw locktime. Non-0 value also locktime-activates inputs"},
                    {"replaceable", RPCArg::Type::BOOL, /* default */ "false", "Marks this transaction as BIP125-replaceable.\n"
            "                             Allows this transaction to be replaced by a transaction with higher fees. If provided, it is an error if explicit sequence numbers are incompatible."},
                },
                RPCResult{
            "\"transaction\"              (string) hex string of the transaction\n"
                },
                RPCExamples{
                    HelpExampleCli("createrawtransaction", "\"[{\\\"txid\\\":\\\"myid\\\",\\\"vout\\\":0}]\" \"[{\\\"address\\\":0.01}]\"")
            + HelpExampleCli("createrawtransaction", "\"[{\\\"txid\\\":\\\"myid\\\",\\\"vout\\\":0}]\" \"[{\\\"data\\\":\\\"00010203\\\"}]\"")
            + HelpExampleRpc("createrawtransaction", "\"[{\\\"txid\\\":\\\"myid\\\",\\\"vout\\\":0}]\", \"[{\\\"address\\\":0.01}]\"")
            + HelpExampleRpc("createrawtransaction", "\"[{\\\"txid\\\":\\\"myid\\\",\\\"vout\\\":0}]\", \"[{\\\"data\\\":\\\"00010203\\\"}]\"")
                },
            }.ToString());
    }

    RPCTypeCheck(request.params, {
        UniValue::VARR,
        UniValueType(), // ARR or OBJ, checked later
        UniValue::VNUM,
        UniValue::VBOOL
        }, true
    );

    CMutableTransaction rawTx = ConstructTransaction(request.params[0], request.params[1], request.params[2], request.params[3]);

    return EncodeHexTx(CTransaction(rawTx));
}

static UniValue decoderawtransaction(const JSONRPCRequest& request)
{
    if (request.fHelp || request.params.size() < 1 || request.params.size() > 2)
        throw std::runtime_error(
            RPCHelpMan{"decoderawtransaction",
                "\nReturn a JSON object representing the serialized, hex-encoded transaction.\n",
                {
                    {"hexstring", RPCArg::Type::STR_HEX, RPCArg::Optional::NO, "The transaction hex string"},
                    {"iswitness", RPCArg::Type::BOOL, /* default */ "depends on heuristic tests", "Whether the transaction hex is a serialized witness transaction\n"
            "                         If iswitness is not present, heuristic tests will be used in decoding"},
                },
                RPCResult{
            "{\n"
            "  \"txid\" : \"id\",        (string) The transaction id\n"
            "  \"hash\" : \"id\",        (string) The transaction hash (differs from txid for witness transactions)\n"
            "  \"size\" : n,             (numeric) The transaction size\n"
            "  \"vsize\" : n,            (numeric) The virtual transaction size (differs from size for witness transactions)\n"
            "  \"weight\" : n,           (numeric) The transaction's weight (between vsize*4 - 3 and vsize*4)\n"
            "  \"version\" : n,          (numeric) The version\n"
            "  \"locktime\" : ttt,       (numeric) The lock time\n"
            "  \"vin\" : [               (array of json objects)\n"
            "     {\n"
            "       \"txid\": \"id\",    (string) The transaction id\n"
            "       \"vout\": n,         (numeric) The output number\n"
            "       \"scriptSig\": {     (json object) The script\n"
            "         \"asm\": \"asm\",  (string) asm\n"
            "         \"hex\": \"hex\"   (string) hex\n"
            "       },\n"
            "       \"txinwitness\": [\"hex\", ...] (array of string) hex-encoded witness data (if any)\n"
            "       \"sequence\": n     (numeric) The script sequence number\n"
            "     }\n"
            "     ,...\n"
            "  ],\n"
            "  \"vout\" : [             (array of json objects)\n"
            "     {\n"
            "       \"value\" : x.xxx,            (numeric) The value in " + CURRENCY_UNIT + "\n"
            "       \"n\" : n,                    (numeric) index\n"
            "       \"scriptPubKey\" : {          (json object)\n"
            "         \"asm\" : \"asm\",          (string) the asm\n"
            "         \"hex\" : \"hex\",          (string) the hex\n"
            "         \"reqSigs\" : n,            (numeric) The required sigs\n"
            "         \"type\" : \"pubkeyhash\",  (string) The type, eg 'pubkeyhash'\n"
            "         \"addresses\" : [           (json array of string)\n"
            "           \"12tvKAXCxZjSmdNbao16dKXC8tRWfcF5oc\"   (string) bitcoin address\n"
            "           ,...\n"
            "         ]\n"
            "       }\n"
            "     }\n"
            "     ,...\n"
            "  ],\n"
            "}\n"
                },
                RPCExamples{
                    HelpExampleCli("decoderawtransaction", "\"hexstring\"")
            + HelpExampleRpc("decoderawtransaction", "\"hexstring\"")
                },
            }.ToString());

    RPCTypeCheck(request.params, {UniValue::VSTR, UniValue::VBOOL});

    CMutableTransaction mtx;

    bool try_witness = request.params[1].isNull() ? true : request.params[1].get_bool();
    bool try_no_witness = request.params[1].isNull() ? true : !request.params[1].get_bool();

    if (!DecodeHexTx(mtx, request.params[0].get_str(), try_no_witness, try_witness)) {
        throw JSONRPCError(RPC_DESERIALIZATION_ERROR, "TX decode failed");
    }

    UniValue result(UniValue::VOBJ);
    TxToUniv(CTransaction(std::move(mtx)), uint256(), result, false);

    return result;
}

static UniValue decodescript(const JSONRPCRequest& request)
{
    if (request.fHelp || request.params.size() != 1)
        throw std::runtime_error(
            RPCHelpMan{"decodescript",
                "\nDecode a hex-encoded script.\n",
                {
                    {"hexstring", RPCArg::Type::STR_HEX, RPCArg::Optional::NO, "the hex-encoded script"},
                },
                RPCResult{
            "{\n"
            "  \"asm\":\"asm\",   (string) Script public key\n"
            "  \"hex\":\"hex\",   (string) hex-encoded public key\n"
            "  \"type\":\"type\", (string) The output type\n"
            "  \"reqSigs\": n,    (numeric) The required signatures\n"
            "  \"addresses\": [   (json array of string)\n"
            "     \"address\"     (string) bitcoin address\n"
            "     ,...\n"
            "  ],\n"
            "  \"p2sh\",\"address\" (string) address of P2SH script wrapping this redeem script (not returned if the script is already a P2SH).\n"
            "}\n"
                },
                RPCExamples{
                    HelpExampleCli("decodescript", "\"hexstring\"")
            + HelpExampleRpc("decodescript", "\"hexstring\"")
                },
            }.ToString());

    RPCTypeCheck(request.params, {UniValue::VSTR});

    UniValue r(UniValue::VOBJ);
    CScript script;
    if (request.params[0].get_str().size() > 0){
        std::vector<unsigned char> scriptData(ParseHexV(request.params[0], "argument"));
        script = CScript(scriptData.begin(), scriptData.end());
    } else {
        // Empty scripts are valid
    }
    ScriptPubKeyToUniv(script, r, false);

    UniValue type;
    type = find_value(r, "type");

    if (type.isStr() && type.get_str() != "scripthash") {
        // P2SH cannot be wrapped in a P2SH. If this script is already a P2SH,
        // don't return the address for a P2SH of the P2SH.
        r.pushKV("p2sh", EncodeDestination(CScriptID(script)));
        // P2SH and witness programs cannot be wrapped in P2WSH, if this script
        // is a witness program, don't return addresses for a segwit programs.
        if (type.get_str() == "pubkey" || type.get_str() == "pubkeyhash" || type.get_str() == "multisig" || type.get_str() == "nonstandard") {
            std::vector<std::vector<unsigned char>> solutions_data;
            txnouttype which_type = Solver(script, solutions_data);
            // Uncompressed pubkeys cannot be used with segwit checksigs.
            // If the script contains an uncompressed pubkey, skip encoding of a segwit program.
            if ((which_type == TX_PUBKEY) || (which_type == TX_MULTISIG)) {
                for (const auto& solution : solutions_data) {
                    if ((solution.size() != 1) && !CPubKey(solution).IsCompressed()) {
                        return r;
                    }
                }
            }
            UniValue sr(UniValue::VOBJ);
            CScript segwitScr;
            if (which_type == TX_PUBKEY) {
                segwitScr = GetScriptForDestination(WitnessV0KeyHash(Hash160(solutions_data[0].begin(), solutions_data[0].end())));
            } else if (which_type == TX_PUBKEYHASH) {
                segwitScr = GetScriptForDestination(WitnessV0KeyHash(solutions_data[0]));
            } else {
                // Scripts that are not fit for P2WPKH are encoded as P2WSH.
                // Newer segwit program versions should be considered when then become available.
                segwitScr = GetScriptForDestination(WitnessV0ScriptHash(script));
            }
            ScriptPubKeyToUniv(segwitScr, sr, true);
            sr.pushKV("p2sh-segwit", EncodeDestination(CScriptID(segwitScr)));
            r.pushKV("segwit", sr);
        }
    }

    return r;
}

/** Pushes a JSON object for script verification or signing errors to vErrorsRet. */
static void TxInErrorToJSON(const CTxIn& txin, UniValue& vErrorsRet, const std::string& strMessage)
{
    UniValue entry(UniValue::VOBJ);
    entry.pushKV("txid", txin.prevout.hash.ToString());
    entry.pushKV("vout", (uint64_t)txin.prevout.n);
    UniValue witness(UniValue::VARR);
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < txin.scriptWitness.stack.size(); i++) {
        witness.push_back(HexStr(txin.scriptWitness.stack[i].begin(), txin.scriptWitness.stack[i].end()));
    }
    entry.pushKV("witness", witness);
    entry.pushKV("scriptSig", HexStr(txin.scriptSig.begin(), txin.scriptSig.end()));
    entry.pushKV("sequence", (uint64_t)txin.nSequence);
    entry.pushKV("error", strMessage);
    vErrorsRet.push_back(entry);
}

static UniValue combinerawtransaction(const JSONRPCRequest& request)
{
    if (request.fHelp || request.params.size() != 1)
        throw std::runtime_error(
            RPCHelpMan{"combinerawtransaction",
                "\nCombine multiple partially signed transactions into one transaction.\n"
                "The combined transaction may be another partially signed transaction or a \n"
                "fully signed transaction.",
                {
                    {"txs", RPCArg::Type::ARR, RPCArg::Optional::NO, "A json array of hex strings of partially signed transactions",
                        {
                            {"hexstring", RPCArg::Type::STR_HEX, RPCArg::Optional::OMITTED, "A transaction hash"},
                        },
                        },
                },
                RPCResult{
            "\"hex\"            (string) The hex-encoded raw transaction with signature(s)\n"
                },
                RPCExamples{
                    HelpExampleCli("combinerawtransaction", "[\"myhex1\", \"myhex2\", \"myhex3\"]")
                },
            }.ToString());


    UniValue txs = request.params[0].get_array();
    std::vector<CMutableTransaction> txVariants(txs.size());

    for (unsigned int idx = 0; idx < txs.size(); idx++) {
        if (!DecodeHexTx(txVariants[idx], txs[idx].get_str(), true)) {
            throw JSONRPCError(RPC_DESERIALIZATION_ERROR, strprintf("TX decode failed for tx %d", idx));
        }
    }

    if (txVariants.empty()) {
        throw JSONRPCError(RPC_DESERIALIZATION_ERROR, "Missing transactions");
    }

    // mergedTx will end up with all the signatures; it
    // starts as a clone of the rawtx:
    CMutableTransaction mergedTx(txVariants[0]);

    // Fetch previous transactions (inputs):
    CCoinsView viewDummy;
    CCoinsViewCache view(&viewDummy);
    {
        LOCK(cs_main);
        LOCK(mempool.cs);
        CCoinsViewCache &viewChain = *pcoinsTip;
        CCoinsViewMemPool viewMempool(&viewChain, mempool);
        view.SetBackend(viewMempool); // temporarily switch cache backend to db+mempool view

        for (const CTxIn& txin : mergedTx.vin) {
            view.AccessCoin(txin.prevout); // Load entries from viewChain into view; can fail.
        }

        view.SetBackend(viewDummy); // switch back to avoid locking mempool for too long
    }

    // Use CTransaction for the constant parts of the
    // transaction to avoid rehashing.
    const CTransaction txConst(mergedTx);
    // Sign what we can:
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < mergedTx.vin.size(); i++) {
        CTxIn& txin = mergedTx.vin[i];
        const Coin& coin = view.AccessCoin(txin.prevout);
        if (coin.IsSpent()) {
            throw JSONRPCError(RPC_VERIFY_ERROR, "Input not found or already spent");
        }
        SignatureData sigdata;

        // ... and merge in other signatures:
        for (const CMutableTransaction& txv : txVariants) {
            if (txv.vin.size() > i) {
                sigdata.MergeSignatureData(DataFromTransaction(txv, i, coin.out));
            }
        }
        ProduceSignature(DUMMY_SIGNING_PROVIDER, MutableTransactionSignatureCreator(&mergedTx, i, coin.out.nValue, 1), coin.out.scriptPubKey, sigdata);

        UpdateInput(txin, sigdata);
    }

    return EncodeHexTx(CTransaction(mergedTx));
}

UniValue SignTransaction(interfaces::Chain& chain, CMutableTransaction& mtx, const UniValue& prevTxsUnival, CBasicKeyStore *keystore, bool is_temp_keystore, const UniValue& hashType)
{
    // Fetch previous transactions (inputs):
    CCoinsView viewDummy;
    CCoinsViewCache view(&viewDummy);
    {
        LOCK2(cs_main, mempool.cs);
        CCoinsViewCache &viewChain = *pcoinsTip;
        CCoinsViewMemPool viewMempool(&viewChain, mempool);
        view.SetBackend(viewMempool); // temporarily switch cache backend to db+mempool view

        for (const CTxIn& txin : mtx.vin) {
            view.AccessCoin(txin.prevout); // Load entries from viewChain into view; can fail.
        }

        view.SetBackend(viewDummy); // switch back to avoid locking mempool for too long
    }

    // Add previous txouts given in the RPC call:
    if (!prevTxsUnival.isNull()) {
        UniValue prevTxs = prevTxsUnival.get_array();
        for (unsigned int idx = 0; idx < prevTxs.size(); ++idx) {
            const UniValue& p = prevTxs[idx];
            if (!p.isObject()) {
                throw JSONRPCError(RPC_DESERIALIZATION_ERROR, "expected object with {\"txid'\",\"vout\",\"scriptPubKey\"}");
            }

            UniValue prevOut = p.get_obj();

            RPCTypeCheckObj(prevOut,
                {
                    {"txid", UniValueType(UniValue::VSTR)},
                    {"vout", UniValueType(UniValue::VNUM)},
                    {"scriptPubKey", UniValueType(UniValue::VSTR)},
                });

            uint256 txid = ParseHashO(prevOut, "txid");

            int nOut = find_value(prevOut, "vout").get_int();
            if (nOut < 0) {
                throw JSONRPCError(RPC_DESERIALIZATION_ERROR, "vout must be positive");
            }

            COutPoint out(txid, nOut);
            std::vector<unsigned char> pkData(ParseHexO(prevOut, "scriptPubKey"));
            CScript scriptPubKey(pkData.begin(), pkData.end());

            {
                const Coin& coin = view.AccessCoin(out);
                if (!coin.IsSpent() && coin.out.scriptPubKey != scriptPubKey) {
                    std::string err("Previous output scriptPubKey mismatch:\n");
                    err = err + ScriptToAsmStr(coin.out.scriptPubKey) + "\nvs:\n"+
                        ScriptToAsmStr(scriptPubKey);
                    throw JSONRPCError(RPC_DESERIALIZATION_ERROR, err);
                }
                Coin newcoin;
                newcoin.out.scriptPubKey = scriptPubKey;
                newcoin.out.nValue = MAX_MONEY;
                if (prevOut.exists("amount")) {
                    newcoin.out.nValue = AmountFromValue(find_value(prevOut, "amount"));
                }
                newcoin.nHeight = 1;
                view.AddCoin(out, std::move(newcoin), true);
            }

            // if redeemScript and private keys were given, add redeemScript to the keystore so it can be signed
            if (is_temp_keystore && (scriptPubKey.IsPayToScriptHash() || scriptPubKey.IsPayToWitnessScriptHash())) {
                RPCTypeCheckObj(prevOut,
                    {
                        {"redeemScript", UniValueType(UniValue::VSTR)},
                        {"witnessScript", UniValueType(UniValue::VSTR)},
                    }, true);
                UniValue rs = find_value(prevOut, "redeemScript");
                if (!rs.isNull()) {
                    std::vector<unsigned char> rsData(ParseHexV(rs, "redeemScript"));
                    CScript redeemScript(rsData.begin(), rsData.end());
                    keystore->AddCScript(redeemScript);
                    // Automatically also add the P2WSH wrapped version of the script (to deal with P2SH-P2WSH).
                    // This is only for compatibility, it is encouraged to use the explicit witnessScript field instead.
                    keystore->AddCScript(GetScriptForWitness(redeemScript));
                }
                UniValue ws = find_value(prevOut, "witnessScript");
                if (!ws.isNull()) {
                    std::vector<unsigned char> wsData(ParseHexV(ws, "witnessScript"));
                    CScript witnessScript(wsData.begin(), wsData.end());
                    keystore->AddCScript(witnessScript);
                    // Automatically also add the P2WSH wrapped version of the script (to deal with P2SH-P2WSH).
                    keystore->AddCScript(GetScriptForWitness(witnessScript));
                }
            }
        }
    }

    int nHashType = ParseSighashString(hashType);

    bool fHashSingle = ((nHashType & ~SIGHASH_ANYONECANPAY) == SIGHASH_SINGLE);

    // Script verification errors
    UniValue vErrors(UniValue::VARR);

    // Use CTransaction for the constant parts of the
    // transaction to avoid rehashing.
    const CTransaction txConst(mtx);
    // Sign what we can:
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < mtx.vin.size(); i++) {
        CTxIn& txin = mtx.vin[i];
        const Coin& coin = view.AccessCoin(txin.prevout);
        if (coin.IsSpent()) {
            TxInErrorToJSON(txin, vErrors, "Input not found or already spent");
            continue;
        }
        const CScript& prevPubKey = coin.out.scriptPubKey;
        const CAmount& amount = coin.out.nValue;

        SignatureData sigdata = DataFromTransaction(mtx, i, coin.out);
        // Only sign SIGHASH_SINGLE if there's a corresponding output:
        if (!fHashSingle || (i < mtx.vout.size())) {
            ProduceSignature(*keystore, MutableTransactionSignatureCreator(&mtx, i, amount, nHashType), prevPubKey, sigdata);
        }

        UpdateInput(txin, sigdata);

        // amount must be specified for valid segwit signature
        if (amount == MAX_MONEY && !txin.scriptWitness.IsNull()) {
            throw JSONRPCError(RPC_TYPE_ERROR, strprintf("Missing amount for %s", coin.out.ToString()));
        }

        ScriptError serror = SCRIPT_ERR_OK;
        if (!VerifyScript(txin.scriptSig, prevPubKey, &txin.scriptWitness, STANDARD_SCRIPT_VERIFY_FLAGS, TransactionSignatureChecker(&txConst, i, amount), &serror)) {
            if (serror == SCRIPT_ERR_INVALID_STACK_OPERATION) {
                // Unable to sign input and verification failed (possible attempt to partially sign).
                TxInErrorToJSON(txin, vErrors, "Unable to sign input, invalid stack size (possibly missing key)");
            } else {
                TxInErrorToJSON(txin, vErrors, ScriptErrorString(serror));
            }
        }
    }
    bool fComplete = vErrors.empty();

    UniValue result(UniValue::VOBJ);
    result.pushKV("hex", EncodeHexTx(CTransaction(mtx)));
    result.pushKV("complete", fComplete);
    if (!vErrors.empty()) {
        result.pushKV("errors", vErrors);
    }

    return result;
}

static UniValue signrawtransactionwithkey(const JSONRPCRequest& request)
{
    if (request.fHelp || request.params.size() < 2 || request.params.size() > 4)
        throw std::runtime_error(
            RPCHelpMan{"signrawtransactionwithkey",
                "\nSign inputs for raw transaction (serialized, hex-encoded).\n"
                "The second argument is an array of base58-encoded private\n"
                "keys that will be the only keys used to sign the transaction.\n"
                "The third optional argument (may be null) is an array of previous transaction outputs that\n"
                "this transaction depends on but may not yet be in the block chain.\n",
                {
                    {"hexstring", RPCArg::Type::STR, RPCArg::Optional::NO, "The transaction hex string"},
                    {"privkeys", RPCArg::Type::ARR, RPCArg::Optional::NO, "A json array of base58-encoded private keys for signing",
                        {
                            {"privatekey", RPCArg::Type::STR_HEX, RPCArg::Optional::OMITTED, "private key in base58-encoding"},
                        },
                        },
                    {"prevtxs", RPCArg::Type::ARR, RPCArg::Optional::OMITTED_NAMED_ARG, "A json array of previous dependent transaction outputs",
                        {
                            {"", RPCArg::Type::OBJ, RPCArg::Optional::OMITTED, "",
                                {
                                    {"txid", RPCArg::Type::STR_HEX, RPCArg::Optional::NO, "The transaction id"},
                                    {"vout", RPCArg::Type::NUM, RPCArg::Optional::NO, "The output number"},
                                    {"scriptPubKey", RPCArg::Type::STR_HEX, RPCArg::Optional::NO, "script key"},
                                    {"redeemScript", RPCArg::Type::STR_HEX, RPCArg::Optional::OMITTED, "(required for P2SH) redeem script"},
                                    {"witnessScript", RPCArg::Type::STR_HEX, RPCArg::Optional::OMITTED, "(required for P2WSH or P2SH-P2WSH) witness script"},
                                    {"amount", RPCArg::Type::AMOUNT, RPCArg::Optional::NO, "The amount spent"},
                                },
                                },
                        },
                        },
                    {"sighashtype", RPCArg::Type::STR, /* default */ "ALL", "The signature hash type. Must be one of:\n"
            "       \"ALL\"\n"
            "       \"NONE\"\n"
            "       \"SINGLE\"\n"
            "       \"ALL|ANYONECANPAY\"\n"
            "       \"NONE|ANYONECANPAY\"\n"
            "       \"SINGLE|ANYONECANPAY\"\n"
                    },
                },
                RPCResult{
            "{\n"
            "  \"hex\" : \"value\",                  (string) The hex-encoded raw transaction with signature(s)\n"
            "  \"complete\" : true|false,          (boolean) If the transaction has a complete set of signatures\n"
            "  \"errors\" : [                      (json array of objects) Script verification errors (if there are any)\n"
            "    {\n"
            "      \"txid\" : \"hash\",              (string) The hash of the referenced, previous transaction\n"
            "      \"vout\" : n,                   (numeric) The index of the output to spent and used as input\n"
            "      \"scriptSig\" : \"hex\",          (string) The hex-encoded signature script\n"
            "      \"sequence\" : n,               (numeric) Script sequence number\n"
            "      \"error\" : \"text\"              (string) Verification or signing error related to the input\n"
            "    }\n"
            "    ,...\n"
            "  ]\n"
            "}\n"
                },
                RPCExamples{
                    HelpExampleCli("signrawtransactionwithkey", "\"myhex\"")
            + HelpExampleRpc("signrawtransactionwithkey", "\"myhex\"")
                },
            }.ToString());

    RPCTypeCheck(request.params, {UniValue::VSTR, UniValue::VARR, UniValue::VARR, UniValue::VSTR}, true);

    CMutableTransaction mtx;
    if (!DecodeHexTx(mtx, request.params[0].get_str(), true)) {
        throw JSONRPCError(RPC_DESERIALIZATION_ERROR, "TX decode failed");
    }

    CBasicKeyStore keystore;
    const UniValue& keys = request.params[1].get_array();
    for (unsigned int idx = 0; idx < keys.size(); ++idx) {
        UniValue k = keys[idx];
        CKey key = DecodeSecret(k.get_str());
        if (!key.IsValid()) {
            throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_ADDRESS_OR_KEY, "Invalid private key");
        }
        keystore.AddKey(key);
    }

    return SignTransaction(*g_rpc_interfaces->chain, mtx, request.params[2], &keystore, true, request.params[3]);
}

UniValue signrawtransaction(const JSONRPCRequest& request)
{
    // This method should be removed entirely in V0.19, along with the entries in the
    // CRPCCommand table and rpc/client.cpp.
    throw JSONRPCError(RPC_METHOD_DEPRECATED, "signrawtransaction was removed in v0.18.\n"
        "Clients should transition to using signrawtransactionwithkey and signrawtransactionwithwallet");
}

static UniValue sendrawtransaction(const JSONRPCRequest& request)
{
    if (request.fHelp || request.params.size() < 1 || request.params.size() > 2)
        throw std::runtime_error(
            RPCHelpMan{"sendrawtransaction",
                "\nSubmits raw transaction (serialized, hex-encoded) to local node and network.\n"
                "\nAlso see createrawtransaction and signrawtransactionwithkey calls.\n",
                {
                    {"hexstring", RPCArg::Type::STR_HEX, RPCArg::Optional::NO, "The hex string of the raw transaction"},
                    {"allowhighfees", RPCArg::Type::BOOL, /* default */ "false", "Allow high fees"},
                },
                RPCResult{
            "\"hex\"             (string) The transaction hash in hex\n"
                },
                RPCExamples{
            "\nCreate a transaction\n"
            + HelpExampleCli("createrawtransaction", "\"[{\\\"txid\\\" : \\\"mytxid\\\",\\\"vout\\\":0}]\" \"{\\\"myaddress\\\":0.01}\"") +
            "Sign the transaction, and get back the hex\n"
            + HelpExampleCli("signrawtransactionwithwallet", "\"myhex\"") +
            "\nSend the transaction (signed hex)\n"
            + HelpExampleCli("sendrawtransaction", "\"signedhex\"") +
            "\nAs a JSON-RPC call\n"
            + HelpExampleRpc("sendrawtransaction", "\"signedhex\"")
                },
            }.ToString());

    RPCTypeCheck(request.params, {UniValue::VSTR, UniValue::VBOOL});

    // parse hex string from parameter
    CMutableTransaction mtx;
    if (!DecodeHexTx(mtx, request.params[0].get_str()))
        throw JSONRPCError(RPC_DESERIALIZATION_ERROR, "TX decode failed");
    CTransactionRef tx(MakeTransactionRef(std::move(mtx)));

    bool allowhighfees = false;
    if (!request.params[1].isNull()) allowhighfees = request.params[1].get_bool();
    const CAmount highfee{allowhighfees ? 0 : ::maxTxFee};
    uint256 txid;
    std::string err_string;
    const TransactionError err = BroadcastTransaction(tx, txid, err_string, highfee);
    if (TransactionError::OK != err) {
        throw JSONRPCTransactionError(err, err_string);
    }

    return txid.GetHex();
}

static UniValue testmempoolaccept(const JSONRPCRequest& request)
{
    if (request.fHelp || request.params.size() < 1 || request.params.size() > 2) {
        throw std::runtime_error(
            RPCHelpMan{"testmempoolaccept",
                "\nReturns result of mempool acceptance tests indicating if raw transaction (serialized, hex-encoded) would be accepted by mempool.\n"
                "\nThis checks if the transaction violates the consensus or policy rules.\n"
                "\nSee sendrawtransaction call.\n",
                {
                    {"rawtxs", RPCArg::Type::ARR, RPCArg::Optional::NO, "An array of hex strings of raw transactions.\n"
            "                                        Length must be one for now.",
                        {
                            {"rawtx", RPCArg::Type::STR_HEX, RPCArg::Optional::OMITTED, ""},
                        },
                        },
                    {"allowhighfees", RPCArg::Type::BOOL, /* default */ "false", "Allow high fees"},
                },
                RPCResult{
            "[                   (array) The result of the mempool acceptance test for each raw transaction in the input array.\n"
            "                            Length is exactly one for now.\n"
            " {\n"
            "  \"txid\"           (string) The transaction hash in hex\n"
            "  \"allowed\"        (boolean) If the mempool allows this tx to be inserted\n"
            "  \"reject-reason\"  (string) Rejection string (only present when 'allowed' is false)\n"
            " }\n"
            "]\n"
                },
                RPCExamples{
            "\nCreate a transaction\n"
            + HelpExampleCli("createrawtransaction", "\"[{\\\"txid\\\" : \\\"mytxid\\\",\\\"vout\\\":0}]\" \"{\\\"myaddress\\\":0.01}\"") +
            "Sign the transaction, and get back the hex\n"
            + HelpExampleCli("signrawtransactionwithwallet", "\"myhex\"") +
            "\nTest acceptance of the transaction (signed hex)\n"
            + HelpExampleCli("testmempoolaccept", "[\"signedhex\"]") +
            "\nAs a JSON-RPC call\n"
            + HelpExampleRpc("testmempoolaccept", "[\"signedhex\"]")
                },
            }.ToString());
    }

    RPCTypeCheck(request.params, {UniValue::VARR, UniValue::VBOOL});
    if (request.params[0].get_array().size() != 1) {
        throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER, "Array must contain exactly one raw transaction for now");
    }

    CMutableTransaction mtx;
    if (!DecodeHexTx(mtx, request.params[0].get_array()[0].get_str())) {
        throw JSONRPCError(RPC_DESERIALIZATION_ERROR, "TX decode failed");
    }
    CTransactionRef tx(MakeTransactionRef(std::move(mtx)));
    const uint256& tx_hash = tx->GetHash();

    CAmount max_raw_tx_fee = ::maxTxFee;
    if (!request.params[1].isNull() && request.params[1].get_bool()) {
        max_raw_tx_fee = 0;
    }

    UniValue result(UniValue::VARR);
    UniValue result_0(UniValue::VOBJ);
    result_0.pushKV("txid", tx_hash.GetHex());

    CValidationState state;
    bool missing_inputs;
    bool test_accept_res;
    {
        LOCK(cs_main);
        test_accept_res = AcceptToMemoryPool(mempool, state, std::move(tx), &missing_inputs,
            nullptr /* plTxnReplaced */, false /* bypass_limits */, max_raw_tx_fee, /* test_accept */ true);
    }
    result_0.pushKV("allowed", test_accept_res);
    if (!test_accept_res) {
        if (state.IsInvalid()) {
            result_0.pushKV("reject-reason", strprintf("%i: %s", state.GetRejectCode(), state.GetRejectReason()));
        } else if (missing_inputs) {
            result_0.pushKV("reject-reason", "missing-inputs");
        } else {
            result_0.pushKV("reject-reason", state.GetRejectReason());
        }
    }

    result.push_back(std::move(result_0));
    return result;
}

static std::string WriteHDKeypath(std::vector<uint32_t>& keypath)
{
    std::string keypath_str = "m";
    for (uint32_t num : keypath) {
        keypath_str += "/";
        bool hardened = false;
        if (num & 0x80000000) {
            hardened = true;
            num &= ~0x80000000;
        }

        keypath_str += std::to_string(num);
        if (hardened) {
            keypath_str += "'";
        }
    }
    return keypath_str;
}

UniValue decodepsbt(const JSONRPCRequest& request)
{
    if (request.fHelp || request.params.size() != 1)
        throw std::runtime_error(
            RPCHelpMan{"decodepsbt",
                "\nReturn a JSON object representing the serialized, base64-encoded partially signed Bitcoin transaction.\n",
                {
                    {"psbt", RPCArg::Type::STR, RPCArg::Optional::NO, "The PSBT base64 string"},
                },
                RPCResult{
            "{\n"
            "  \"tx\" : {                   (json object) The decoded network-serialized unsigned transaction.\n"
            "    ...                                      The layout is the same as the output of decoderawtransaction.\n"
            "  },\n"
            "  \"unknown\" : {                (json object) The unknown global fields\n"
            "    \"key\" : \"value\"            (key-value pair) An unknown key-value pair\n"
            "     ...\n"
            "  },\n"
            "  \"inputs\" : [                 (array of json objects)\n"
            "    {\n"
            "      \"non_witness_utxo\" : {   (json object, optional) Decoded network transaction for non-witness UTXOs\n"
            "        ...\n"
            "      },\n"
            "      \"witness_utxo\" : {            (json object, optional) Transaction output for witness UTXOs\n"
            "        \"amount\" : x.xxx,           (numeric) The value in " + CURRENCY_UNIT + "\n"
            "        \"scriptPubKey\" : {          (json object)\n"
            "          \"asm\" : \"asm\",            (string) The asm\n"
            "          \"hex\" : \"hex\",            (string) The hex\n"
            "          \"type\" : \"pubkeyhash\",    (string) The type, eg 'pubkeyhash'\n"
            "          \"address\" : \"address\"     (string) Bitcoin address if there is one\n"
            "        }\n"
            "      },\n"
            "      \"partial_signatures\" : {             (json object, optional)\n"
            "        \"pubkey\" : \"signature\",           (string) The public key and signature that corresponds to it.\n"
            "        ,...\n"
            "      }\n"
            "      \"sighash\" : \"type\",                  (string, optional) The sighash type to be used\n"
            "      \"redeem_script\" : {       (json object, optional)\n"
            "          \"asm\" : \"asm\",            (string) The asm\n"
            "          \"hex\" : \"hex\",            (string) The hex\n"
            "          \"type\" : \"pubkeyhash\",    (string) The type, eg 'pubkeyhash'\n"
            "        }\n"
            "      \"witness_script\" : {       (json object, optional)\n"
            "          \"asm\" : \"asm\",            (string) The asm\n"
            "          \"hex\" : \"hex\",            (string) The hex\n"
            "          \"type\" : \"pubkeyhash\",    (string) The type, eg 'pubkeyhash'\n"
            "        }\n"
            "      \"bip32_derivs\" : {          (json object, optional)\n"
            "        \"pubkey\" : {                     (json object, optional) The public key with the derivation path as the value.\n"
            "          \"master_fingerprint\" : \"fingerprint\"     (string) The fingerprint of the master key\n"
            "          \"path\" : \"path\",                         (string) The path\n"
            "        }\n"
            "        ,...\n"
            "      }\n"
            "      \"final_scriptsig\" : {       (json object, optional)\n"
            "          \"asm\" : \"asm\",            (string) The asm\n"
            "          \"hex\" : \"hex\",            (string) The hex\n"
            "        }\n"
            "       \"final_scriptwitness\": [\"hex\", ...] (array of string) hex-encoded witness data (if any)\n"
            "      \"unknown\" : {                (json object) The unknown global fields\n"
            "        \"key\" : \"value\"            (key-value pair) An unknown key-value pair\n"
            "         ...\n"
            "      },\n"
            "    }\n"
            "    ,...\n"
            "  ]\n"
            "  \"outputs\" : [                 (array of json objects)\n"
            "    {\n"
            "      \"redeem_script\" : {       (json object, optional)\n"
            "          \"asm\" : \"asm\",            (string) The asm\n"
            "          \"hex\" : \"hex\",            (string) The hex\n"
            "          \"type\" : \"pubkeyhash\",    (string) The type, eg 'pubkeyhash'\n"
            "        }\n"
            "      \"witness_script\" : {       (json object, optional)\n"
            "          \"asm\" : \"asm\",            (string) The asm\n"
            "          \"hex\" : \"hex\",            (string) The hex\n"
            "          \"type\" : \"pubkeyhash\",    (string) The type, eg 'pubkeyhash'\n"
            "      }\n"
            "      \"bip32_derivs\" : [          (array of json objects, optional)\n"
            "        {\n"
            "          \"pubkey\" : \"pubkey\",                     (string) The public key this path corresponds to\n"
            "          \"master_fingerprint\" : \"fingerprint\"     (string) The fingerprint of the master key\n"
            "          \"path\" : \"path\",                         (string) The path\n"
            "          }\n"
            "        }\n"
            "        ,...\n"
            "      ],\n"
            "      \"unknown\" : {                (json object) The unknown global fields\n"
            "        \"key\" : \"value\"            (key-value pair) An unknown key-value pair\n"
            "         ...\n"
            "      },\n"
            "    }\n"
            "    ,...\n"
            "  ]\n"
            "  \"fee\" : fee                      (numeric, optional) The transaction fee paid if all UTXOs slots in the PSBT have been filled.\n"
            "}\n"
                },
                RPCExamples{
                    HelpExampleCli("decodepsbt", "\"psbt\"")
                },
            }.ToString());

    RPCTypeCheck(request.params, {UniValue::VSTR});

    // Unserialize the transactions
    PartiallySignedTransaction psbtx;
    std::string error;
    if (!DecodeBase64PSBT(psbtx, request.params[0].get_str(), error)) {
        throw JSONRPCError(RPC_DESERIALIZATION_ERROR, strprintf("TX decode failed %s", error));
    }

    UniValue result(UniValue::VOBJ);

    // Add the decoded tx
    UniValue tx_univ(UniValue::VOBJ);
    TxToUniv(CTransaction(*psbtx.tx), uint256(), tx_univ, false);
    result.pushKV("tx", tx_univ);

    // Unknown data
    UniValue unknowns(UniValue::VOBJ);
    for (auto entry : psbtx.unknown) {
        unknowns.pushKV(HexStr(entry.first), HexStr(entry.second));
    }
    result.pushKV("unknown", unknowns);

    // inputs
    CAmount total_in = 0;
    bool have_all_utxos = true;
    UniValue inputs(UniValue::VARR);
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < psbtx.inputs.size(); ++i) {
        const PSBTInput& input = psbtx.inputs[i];
        UniValue in(UniValue::VOBJ);
        // UTXOs
        if (!input.witness_utxo.IsNull()) {
            const CTxOut& txout = input.witness_utxo;

            UniValue out(UniValue::VOBJ);

            out.pushKV("amount", ValueFromAmount(txout.nValue));
            total_in += txout.nValue;

            UniValue o(UniValue::VOBJ);
            ScriptToUniv(txout.scriptPubKey, o, true);
            out.pushKV("scriptPubKey", o);
            in.pushKV("witness_utxo", out);
        } else if (input.non_witness_utxo) {
            UniValue non_wit(UniValue::VOBJ);
            TxToUniv(*input.non_witness_utxo, uint256(), non_wit, false);
            in.pushKV("non_witness_utxo", non_wit);
            total_in += input.non_witness_utxo->vout[psbtx.tx->vin[i].prevout.n].nValue;
        } else {
            have_all_utxos = false;
        }

        // Partial sigs
        if (!input.partial_sigs.empty()) {
            UniValue partial_sigs(UniValue::VOBJ);
            for (const auto& sig : input.partial_sigs) {
                partial_sigs.pushKV(HexStr(sig.second.first), HexStr(sig.second.second));
            }
            in.pushKV("partial_signatures", partial_sigs);
        }

        // Sighash
        if (input.sighash_type > 0) {
            in.pushKV("sighash", SighashToStr((unsigned char)input.sighash_type));
        }

        // Redeem script and witness script
        if (!input.redeem_script.empty()) {
            UniValue r(UniValue::VOBJ);
            ScriptToUniv(input.redeem_script, r, false);
            in.pushKV("redeem_script", r);
        }
        if (!input.witness_script.empty()) {
            UniValue r(UniValue::VOBJ);
            ScriptToUniv(input.witness_script, r, false);
            in.pushKV("witness_script", r);
        }

        // keypaths
        if (!input.hd_keypaths.empty()) {
            UniValue keypaths(UniValue::VARR);
            for (auto entry : input.hd_keypaths) {
                UniValue keypath(UniValue::VOBJ);
                keypath.pushKV("pubkey", HexStr(entry.first));

                keypath.pushKV("master_fingerprint", strprintf("%08x", ReadBE32(entry.second.fingerprint)));
                keypath.pushKV("path", WriteHDKeypath(entry.second.path));
                keypaths.push_back(keypath);
            }
            in.pushKV("bip32_derivs", keypaths);
        }

        // Final scriptSig and scriptwitness
        if (!input.final_script_sig.empty()) {
            UniValue scriptsig(UniValue::VOBJ);
            scriptsig.pushKV("asm", ScriptToAsmStr(input.final_script_sig, true));
            scriptsig.pushKV("hex", HexStr(input.final_script_sig));
            in.pushKV("final_scriptSig", scriptsig);
        }
        if (!input.final_script_witness.IsNull()) {
            UniValue txinwitness(UniValue::VARR);
            for (const auto& item : input.final_script_witness.stack) {
                txinwitness.push_back(HexStr(item.begin(), item.end()));
            }
            in.pushKV("final_scriptwitness", txinwitness);
        }

        // Unknown data
        if (input.unknown.size() > 0) {
            UniValue unknowns(UniValue::VOBJ);
            for (auto entry : input.unknown) {
                unknowns.pushKV(HexStr(entry.first), HexStr(entry.second));
            }
            in.pushKV("unknown", unknowns);
        }

        inputs.push_back(in);
    }
    result.pushKV("inputs", inputs);

    // outputs
    CAmount output_value = 0;
    UniValue outputs(UniValue::VARR);
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < psbtx.outputs.size(); ++i) {
        const PSBTOutput& output = psbtx.outputs[i];
        UniValue out(UniValue::VOBJ);
        // Redeem script and witness script
        if (!output.redeem_script.empty()) {
            UniValue r(UniValue::VOBJ);
            ScriptToUniv(output.redeem_script, r, false);
            out.pushKV("redeem_script", r);
        }
        if (!output.witness_script.empty()) {
            UniValue r(UniValue::VOBJ);
            ScriptToUniv(output.witness_script, r, false);
            out.pushKV("witness_script", r);
        }

        // keypaths
        if (!output.hd_keypaths.empty()) {
            UniValue keypaths(UniValue::VARR);
            for (auto entry : output.hd_keypaths) {
                UniValue keypath(UniValue::VOBJ);
                keypath.pushKV("pubkey", HexStr(entry.first));
                keypath.pushKV("master_fingerprint", strprintf("%08x", ReadBE32(entry.second.fingerprint)));
                keypath.pushKV("path", WriteHDKeypath(entry.second.path));
                keypaths.push_back(keypath);
            }
            out.pushKV("bip32_derivs", keypaths);
        }

        // Unknown data
        if (output.unknown.size() > 0) {
            UniValue unknowns(UniValue::VOBJ);
            for (auto entry : output.unknown) {
                unknowns.pushKV(HexStr(entry.first), HexStr(entry.second));
            }
            out.pushKV("unknown", unknowns);
        }

        outputs.push_back(out);

        // Fee calculation
        output_value += psbtx.tx->vout[i].nValue;
    }
    result.pushKV("outputs", outputs);
    if (have_all_utxos) {
        result.pushKV("fee", ValueFromAmount(total_in - output_value));
    }

    return result;
}

UniValue combinepsbt(const JSONRPCRequest& request)
{
    if (request.fHelp || request.params.size() != 1)
        throw std::runtime_error(
            RPCHelpMan{"combinepsbt",
                "\nCombine multiple partially signed Bitcoin transactions into one transaction.\n"
                "Implements the Combiner role.\n",
                {
                    {"txs", RPCArg::Type::ARR, RPCArg::Optional::NO, "A json array of base64 strings of partially signed transactions",
                        {
                            {"psbt", RPCArg::Type::STR, RPCArg::Optional::OMITTED, "A base64 string of a PSBT"},
                        },
                        },
                },
                RPCResult{
            "  \"psbt\"          (string) The base64-encoded partially signed transaction\n"
                },
                RPCExamples{
                    HelpExampleCli("combinepsbt", "[\"mybase64_1\", \"mybase64_2\", \"mybase64_3\"]")
                },
            }.ToString());

    RPCTypeCheck(request.params, {UniValue::VARR}, true);

    // Unserialize the transactions
    std::vector<PartiallySignedTransaction> psbtxs;
    UniValue txs = request.params[0].get_array();
    if (txs.empty()) {
        throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER, "Parameter 'txs' cannot be empty");
    }
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < txs.size(); ++i) {
        PartiallySignedTransaction psbtx;
        std::string error;
        if (!DecodeBase64PSBT(psbtx, txs[i].get_str(), error)) {
            throw JSONRPCError(RPC_DESERIALIZATION_ERROR, strprintf("TX decode failed %s", error));
        }
        psbtxs.push_back(psbtx);
    }

    PartiallySignedTransaction merged_psbt;
    const TransactionError error = CombinePSBTs(merged_psbt, psbtxs);
    if (error != TransactionError::OK) {
        throw JSONRPCTransactionError(error);
    }

    UniValue result(UniValue::VOBJ);
    CDataStream ssTx(SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION);
    ssTx << merged_psbt;
    return EncodeBase64((unsigned char*)ssTx.data(), ssTx.size());
}

UniValue finalizepsbt(const JSONRPCRequest& request)
{
    if (request.fHelp || request.params.size() < 1 || request.params.size() > 2)
        throw std::runtime_error(
            RPCHelpMan{"finalizepsbt",
                "Finalize the inputs of a PSBT. If the transaction is fully signed, it will produce a\n"
                "network serialized transaction which can be broadcast with sendrawtransaction. Otherwise a PSBT will be\n"
                "created which has the final_scriptSig and final_scriptWitness fields filled for inputs that are complete.\n"
                "Implements the Finalizer and Extractor roles.\n",
                {
                    {"psbt", RPCArg::Type::STR, RPCArg::Optional::NO, "A base64 string of a PSBT"},
                    {"extract", RPCArg::Type::BOOL, /* default */ "true", "If true and the transaction is complete,\n"
            "                             extract and return the complete transaction in normal network serialization instead of the PSBT."},
                },
                RPCResult{
            "{\n"
            "  \"psbt\" : \"value\",          (string) The base64-encoded partially signed transaction if not extracted\n"
            "  \"hex\" : \"value\",           (string) The hex-encoded network transaction if extracted\n"
            "  \"complete\" : true|false,   (boolean) If the transaction has a complete set of signatures\n"
            "  ]\n"
            "}\n"
                },
                RPCExamples{
                    HelpExampleCli("finalizepsbt", "\"psbt\"")
                },
            }.ToString());

    RPCTypeCheck(request.params, {UniValue::VSTR, UniValue::VBOOL}, true);

    // Unserialize the transactions
    PartiallySignedTransaction psbtx;
    std::string error;
    if (!DecodeBase64PSBT(psbtx, request.params[0].get_str(), error)) {
        throw JSONRPCError(RPC_DESERIALIZATION_ERROR, strprintf("TX decode failed %s", error));
    }

    bool extract = request.params[1].isNull() || (!request.params[1].isNull() && request.params[1].get_bool());

    CMutableTransaction mtx;
    bool complete = FinalizeAndExtractPSBT(psbtx, mtx);

    UniValue result(UniValue::VOBJ);
    CDataStream ssTx(SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION);
    std::string result_str;

    if (complete && extract) {
        ssTx << mtx;
        result_str = HexStr(ssTx.str());
        result.pushKV("hex", result_str);
    } else {
        ssTx << psbtx;
        result_str = EncodeBase64(ssTx.str());
        result.pushKV("psbt", result_str);
    }
    result.pushKV("complete", complete);

    return result;
}

UniValue createpsbt(const JSONRPCRequest& request)
{
    if (request.fHelp || request.params.size() < 2 || request.params.size() > 4)
        throw std::runtime_error(
            RPCHelpMan{"createpsbt",
                "\nCreates a transaction in the Partially Signed Transaction format.\n"
                "Implements the Creator role.\n",
                {
                    {"inputs", RPCArg::Type::ARR, RPCArg::Optional::NO, "A json array of json objects",
                        {
                            {"", RPCArg::Type::OBJ, RPCArg::Optional::OMITTED, "",
                                {
                                    {"txid", RPCArg::Type::STR_HEX, RPCArg::Optional::NO, "The transaction id"},
                                    {"vout", RPCArg::Type::NUM, RPCArg::Optional::NO, "The output number"},
                                    {"sequence", RPCArg::Type::NUM, /* default */ "depends on the value of the 'replaceable' and 'locktime' arguments", "The sequence number"},
                                },
                                },
                        },
                        },
                    {"outputs", RPCArg::Type::ARR, RPCArg::Optional::NO, "a json array with outputs (key-value pairs), where none of the keys are duplicated.\n"
                            "That is, each address can only appear once and there can only be one 'data' object.\n"
                            "For compatibility reasons, a dictionary, which holds the key-value pairs directly, is also\n"
                            "                             accepted as second parameter.",
                        {
                            {"", RPCArg::Type::OBJ, RPCArg::Optional::OMITTED, "",
                                {
                                    {"address", RPCArg::Type::AMOUNT, RPCArg::Optional::NO, "A key-value pair. The key (string) is the bitcoin address, the value (float or string) is the amount in " + CURRENCY_UNIT},
                                },
                                },
                            {"", RPCArg::Type::OBJ, RPCArg::Optional::OMITTED, "",
                                {
                                    {"data", RPCArg::Type::STR_HEX, RPCArg::Optional::NO, "A key-value pair. The key must be \"data\", the value is hex-encoded data"},
                                },
                                },
                        },
                        },
                    {"locktime", RPCArg::Type::NUM, /* default */ "0", "Raw locktime. Non-0 value also locktime-activates inputs"},
                    {"replaceable", RPCArg::Type::BOOL, /* default */ "false", "Marks this transaction as BIP125 replaceable.\n"
                            "                             Allows this transaction to be replaced by a transaction with higher fees. If provided, it is an error if explicit sequence numbers are incompatible."},
                },
                RPCResult{
                            "  \"psbt\"        (string)  The resulting raw transaction (base64-encoded string)\n"
                },
                RPCExamples{
                    HelpExampleCli("createpsbt", "\"[{\\\"txid\\\":\\\"myid\\\",\\\"vout\\\":0}]\" \"[{\\\"data\\\":\\\"00010203\\\"}]\"")
                },
            }.ToString());


    RPCTypeCheck(request.params, {
        UniValue::VARR,
        UniValueType(), // ARR or OBJ, checked later
        UniValue::VNUM,
        UniValue::VBOOL,
        }, true
    );

    CMutableTransaction rawTx = ConstructTransaction(request.params[0], request.params[1], request.params[2], request.params[3]);

    // Make a blank psbt
    PartiallySignedTransaction psbtx;
    psbtx.tx = rawTx;
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < rawTx.vin.size(); ++i) {
        psbtx.inputs.push_back(PSBTInput());
    }
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < rawTx.vout.size(); ++i) {
        psbtx.outputs.push_back(PSBTOutput());
    }

    // Serialize the PSBT
    CDataStream ssTx(SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION);
    ssTx << psbtx;

    return EncodeBase64((unsigned char*)ssTx.data(), ssTx.size());
}

UniValue converttopsbt(const JSONRPCRequest& request)
{
    if (request.fHelp || request.params.size() < 1 || request.params.size() > 3)
        throw std::runtime_error(
            RPCHelpMan{"converttopsbt",
                "\nConverts a network serialized transaction to a PSBT. This should be used only with createrawtransaction and fundrawtransaction\n"
                "createpsbt and walletcreatefundedpsbt should be used for new applications.\n",
                {
                    {"hexstring", RPCArg::Type::STR_HEX, RPCArg::Optional::NO, "The hex string of a raw transaction"},
                    {"permitsigdata", RPCArg::Type::BOOL, /* default */ "false", "If true, any signatures in the input will be discarded and conversion.\n"
                            "                              will continue. If false, RPC will fail if any signatures are present."},
                    {"iswitness", RPCArg::Type::BOOL, /* default */ "depends on heuristic tests", "Whether the transaction hex is a serialized witness transaction.\n"
                            "                              If iswitness is not present, heuristic tests will be used in decoding. If true, only witness deserializaion\n"
                            "                              will be tried. If false, only non-witness deserialization will be tried. Only has an effect if\n"
                            "                              permitsigdata is true."},
                },
                RPCResult{
                            "  \"psbt\"        (string)  The resulting raw transaction (base64-encoded string)\n"
                },
                RPCExamples{
                            "\nCreate a transaction\n"
                            + HelpExampleCli("createrawtransaction", "\"[{\\\"txid\\\":\\\"myid\\\",\\\"vout\\\":0}]\" \"[{\\\"data\\\":\\\"00010203\\\"}]\"") +
                            "\nConvert the transaction to a PSBT\n"
                            + HelpExampleCli("converttopsbt", "\"rawtransaction\"")
                },
            }.ToString());


    RPCTypeCheck(request.params, {UniValue::VSTR, UniValue::VBOOL, UniValue::VBOOL}, true);

    // parse hex string from parameter
    CMutableTransaction tx;
    bool permitsigdata = request.params[1].isNull() ? false : request.params[1].get_bool();
    bool witness_specified = !request.params[2].isNull();
    bool iswitness = witness_specified ? request.params[2].get_bool() : false;
    bool try_witness = permitsigdata ? (witness_specified ? iswitness : true) : false;
    bool try_no_witness = permitsigdata ? (witness_specified ? !iswitness : true) : true;
    if (!DecodeHexTx(tx, request.params[0].get_str(), try_no_witness, try_witness)) {
        throw JSONRPCError(RPC_DESERIALIZATION_ERROR, "TX decode failed");
    }

    // Remove all scriptSigs and scriptWitnesses from inputs
    for (CTxIn& input : tx.vin) {
        if ((!input.scriptSig.empty() || !input.scriptWitness.IsNull()) && !permitsigdata) {
            throw JSONRPCError(RPC_DESERIALIZATION_ERROR, "Inputs must not have scriptSigs and scriptWitnesses");
        }
        input.scriptSig.clear();
        input.scriptWitness.SetNull();
    }

    // Make a blank psbt
    PartiallySignedTransaction psbtx;
    psbtx.tx = tx;
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < tx.vin.size(); ++i) {
        psbtx.inputs.push_back(PSBTInput());
    }
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < tx.vout.size(); ++i) {
        psbtx.outputs.push_back(PSBTOutput());
    }

    // Serialize the PSBT
    CDataStream ssTx(SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION);
    ssTx << psbtx;

    return EncodeBase64((unsigned char*)ssTx.data(), ssTx.size());
}

UniValue utxoupdatepsbt(const JSONRPCRequest& request)
{
    if (request.fHelp || request.params.size() != 1) {
        throw std::runtime_error(
            RPCHelpMan{"utxoupdatepsbt",
            "\nUpdates a PSBT with witness UTXOs retrieved from the UTXO set or the mempool.\n",
            {
                {"psbt", RPCArg::Type::STR, RPCArg::Optional::NO, "A base64 string of a PSBT"}
            },
            RPCResult {
                "  \"psbt\"          (string) The base64-encoded partially signed transaction with inputs updated\n"
            },
            RPCExamples {
                HelpExampleCli("utxoupdatepsbt", "\"psbt\"")
            }}.ToString());
    }

    RPCTypeCheck(request.params, {UniValue::VSTR}, true);

    // Unserialize the transactions
    PartiallySignedTransaction psbtx;
    std::string error;
    if (!DecodeBase64PSBT(psbtx, request.params[0].get_str(), error)) {
        throw JSONRPCError(RPC_DESERIALIZATION_ERROR, strprintf("TX decode failed %s", error));
    }

    // Fetch previous transactions (inputs):
    CCoinsView viewDummy;
    CCoinsViewCache view(&viewDummy);
    {
        LOCK2(cs_main, mempool.cs);
        CCoinsViewCache &viewChain = *pcoinsTip;
        CCoinsViewMemPool viewMempool(&viewChain, mempool);
        view.SetBackend(viewMempool); // temporarily switch cache backend to db+mempool view

        for (const CTxIn& txin : psbtx.tx->vin) {
            view.AccessCoin(txin.prevout); // Load entries from viewChain into view; can fail.
        }

        view.SetBackend(viewDummy); // switch back to avoid locking mempool for too long
    }

    // Fill the inputs
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < psbtx.tx->vin.size(); ++i) {
        PSBTInput& input = psbtx.inputs.at(i);

        if (input.non_witness_utxo || !input.witness_utxo.IsNull()) {
            continue;
        }

        const Coin& coin = view.AccessCoin(psbtx.tx->vin[i].prevout);

        std::vector<std::vector<unsigned char>> solutions_data;
        txnouttype which_type = Solver(coin.out.scriptPubKey, solutions_data);
        if (which_type == TX_WITNESS_V0_SCRIPTHASH || which_type == TX_WITNESS_V0_KEYHASH || which_type == TX_WITNESS_UNKNOWN) {
            input.witness_utxo = coin.out;
        }
    }

    CDataStream ssTx(SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION);
    ssTx << psbtx;
    return EncodeBase64((unsigned char*)ssTx.data(), ssTx.size());
}

UniValue joinpsbts(const JSONRPCRequest& request)
{
    if (request.fHelp || request.params.size() != 1) {
        throw std::runtime_error(
            RPCHelpMan{"joinpsbts",
            "\nJoins multiple distinct PSBTs with different inputs and outputs into one PSBT with inputs and outputs from all of the PSBTs\n"
            "No input in any of the PSBTs can be in more than one of the PSBTs.\n",
            {
                {"txs", RPCArg::Type::ARR, RPCArg::Optional::NO, "A json array of base64 strings of partially signed transactions",
                    {
                        {"psbt", RPCArg::Type::STR, RPCArg::Optional::NO, "A base64 string of a PSBT"}
                    }}
            },
            RPCResult {
                "  \"psbt\"          (string) The base64-encoded partially signed transaction\n"
            },
            RPCExamples {
                HelpExampleCli("joinpsbts", "\"psbt\"")
            }}.ToString());
    }

    RPCTypeCheck(request.params, {UniValue::VARR}, true);

    // Unserialize the transactions
    std::vector<PartiallySignedTransaction> psbtxs;
    UniValue txs = request.params[0].get_array();

    if (txs.size() <= 1) {
        throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER, "At least two PSBTs are required to join PSBTs.");
    }

    int32_t best_version = 1;
    uint32_t best_locktime = 0xffffffff;
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < txs.size(); ++i) {
        PartiallySignedTransaction psbtx;
        std::string error;
        if (!DecodeBase64PSBT(psbtx, txs[i].get_str(), error)) {
            throw JSONRPCError(RPC_DESERIALIZATION_ERROR, strprintf("TX decode failed %s", error));
        }
        psbtxs.push_back(psbtx);
        // Choose the highest version number
        if (psbtx.tx->nVersion > best_version) {
            best_version = psbtx.tx->nVersion;
        }
        // Choose the lowest lock time
        if (psbtx.tx->nLockTime < best_locktime) {
            best_locktime = psbtx.tx->nLockTime;
        }
    }

    // Create a blank psbt where everything will be added
    PartiallySignedTransaction merged_psbt;
    merged_psbt.tx = CMutableTransaction();
    merged_psbt.tx->nVersion = best_version;
    merged_psbt.tx->nLockTime = best_locktime;

    // Merge
    for (auto& psbt : psbtxs) {
        for (unsigned int i = 0; i < psbt.tx->vin.size(); ++i) {
            if (!merged_psbt.AddInput(psbt.tx->vin[i], psbt.inputs[i])) {
                throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER, strprintf("Input %s:%d exists in multiple PSBTs", psbt.tx->vin[i].prevout.hash.ToString().c_str(), psbt.tx->vin[i].prevout.n));
            }
        }
        for (unsigned int i = 0; i < psbt.tx->vout.size(); ++i) {
            merged_psbt.AddOutput(psbt.tx->vout[i], psbt.outputs[i]);
        }
        merged_psbt.unknown.insert(psbt.unknown.begin(), psbt.unknown.end());
    }

    CDataStream ssTx(SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION);
    ssTx << merged_psbt;
    return EncodeBase64((unsigned char*)ssTx.data(), ssTx.size());
}

UniValue analyzepsbt(const JSONRPCRequest& request)
{
    if (request.fHelp || request.params.size() != 1) {
        throw std::runtime_error(
            RPCHelpMan{"analyzepsbt",
            "\nAnalyzes and provides information about the current status of a PSBT and its inputs\n",
            {
                {"psbt", RPCArg::Type::STR, RPCArg::Optional::NO, "A base64 string of a PSBT"}
            },
            RPCResult {
                "{\n"
                "  \"inputs\" : [                      (array of json objects)\n"
                "    {\n"
                "      \"has_utxo\" : true|false     (boolean) Whether a UTXO is provided\n"
                "      \"is_final\" : true|false     (boolean) Whether the input is finalized\n"
                "      \"missing\" : {               (json object, optional) Things that are missing that are required to complete this input\n"
                "        \"pubkeys\" : [             (array, optional)\n"
                "          \"keyid\"                 (string) Public key ID, hash160 of the public key, of a public key whose BIP 32 derivation path is missing\n"
                "        ]\n"
                "        \"signatures\" : [          (array, optional)\n"
                "          \"keyid\"                 (string) Public key ID, hash160 of the public key, of a public key whose signature is missing\n"
                "        ]\n"
                "        \"redeemscript\" : \"hash\"   (string, optional) Hash160 of the redeemScript that is missing\n"
                "        \"witnessscript\" : \"hash\"  (string, optional) SHA256 of the witnessScript that is missing\n"
                "      }\n"
                "      \"next\" : \"role\"             (string, optional) Role of the next person that this input needs to go to\n"
                "    }\n"
                "    ,...\n"
                "  ]\n"
                "  \"estimated_vsize\" : vsize       (numeric, optional) Estimated vsize of the final signed transaction\n"
                "  \"estimated_feerate\" : feerate   (numeric, optional) Estimated feerate of the final signed transaction in " + CURRENCY_UNIT + "/kB. Shown only if all UTXO slots in the PSBT have been filled.\n"
                "  \"fee\" : fee                     (numeric, optional) The transaction fee paid. Shown only if all UTXO slots in the PSBT have been filled.\n"
                "  \"next\" : \"role\"                 (string) Role of the next person that this psbt needs to go to\n"
                "}\n"
            },
            RPCExamples {
                HelpExampleCli("analyzepsbt", "\"psbt\"")
            }}.ToString());
    }

    RPCTypeCheck(request.params, {UniValue::VSTR});

    // Unserialize the transaction
    PartiallySignedTransaction psbtx;
    std::string error;
    if (!DecodeBase64PSBT(psbtx, request.params[0].get_str(), error)) {
        throw JSONRPCError(RPC_DESERIALIZATION_ERROR, strprintf("TX decode failed %s", error));
    }

    // Go through each input and build status
    UniValue result(UniValue::VOBJ);
    UniValue inputs_result(UniValue::VARR);
    bool calc_fee = true;
    bool all_final = true;
    bool only_missing_sigs = true;
    bool only_missing_final = false;
    CAmount in_amt = 0;
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < psbtx.tx->vin.size(); ++i) {
        PSBTInput& input = psbtx.inputs[i];
        UniValue input_univ(UniValue::VOBJ);
        UniValue missing(UniValue::VOBJ);

        // Check for a UTXO
        CTxOut utxo;
        if (psbtx.GetInputUTXO(utxo, i)) {
            in_amt += utxo.nValue;
            input_univ.pushKV("has_utxo", true);
        } else {
            input_univ.pushKV("has_utxo", false);
            input_univ.pushKV("is_final", false);
            input_univ.pushKV("next", "updater");
            calc_fee = false;
        }

        // Check if it is final
        if (!utxo.IsNull() && !PSBTInputSigned(input)) {
            input_univ.pushKV("is_final", false);
            all_final = false;

            // Figure out what is missing
            SignatureData outdata;
            bool complete = SignPSBTInput(DUMMY_SIGNING_PROVIDER, psbtx, i, 1, &outdata);

            // Things are missing
            if (!complete) {
                if (!outdata.missing_pubkeys.empty()) {
                    // Missing pubkeys
                    UniValue missing_pubkeys_univ(UniValue::VARR);
                    for (const CKeyID& pubkey : outdata.missing_pubkeys) {
                        missing_pubkeys_univ.push_back(HexStr(pubkey));
                    }
                    missing.pushKV("pubkeys", missing_pubkeys_univ);
                }
                if (!outdata.missing_redeem_script.IsNull()) {
                    // Missing redeemScript
                    missing.pushKV("redeemscript", HexStr(outdata.missing_redeem_script));
                }
                if (!outdata.missing_witness_script.IsNull()) {
                    // Missing witnessScript
                    missing.pushKV("witnessscript", HexStr(outdata.missing_witness_script));
                }
                if (!outdata.missing_sigs.empty()) {
                    // Missing sigs
                    UniValue missing_sigs_univ(UniValue::VARR);
                    for (const CKeyID& pubkey : outdata.missing_sigs) {
                        missing_sigs_univ.push_back(HexStr(pubkey));
                    }
                    missing.pushKV("signatures", missing_sigs_univ);
                }
                input_univ.pushKV("missing", missing);

                // If we are only missing signatures and nothing else, then next is signer
                if (outdata.missing_pubkeys.empty() && outdata.missing_redeem_script.IsNull() && outdata.missing_witness_script.IsNull() && !outdata.missing_sigs.empty()) {
                    input_univ.pushKV("next", "signer");
                } else {
                    only_missing_sigs = false;
                    input_univ.pushKV("next", "updater");
                }
            } else {
                only_missing_final = true;
                input_univ.pushKV("next", "finalizer");
            }
        } else if (!utxo.IsNull()){
            input_univ.pushKV("is_final", true);
        }
        inputs_result.push_back(input_univ);
    }
    result.pushKV("inputs", inputs_result);

    if (all_final) {
        only_missing_sigs = false;
        result.pushKV("next", "extractor");
    }
    if (calc_fee) {
        // Get the output amount
        CAmount out_amt = std::accumulate(psbtx.tx->vout.begin(), psbtx.tx->vout.end(), 0,
            [](int a, const CTxOut& b) {
                return a += b.nValue;
            }
        );

        // Get the fee
        CAmount fee = in_amt - out_amt;

        // Estimate the size
        CMutableTransaction mtx(*psbtx.tx);
        CCoinsView view_dummy;
        CCoinsViewCache view(&view_dummy);
        bool success = true;

        for (unsigned int i = 0; i < psbtx.tx->vin.size(); ++i) {
            PSBTInput& input = psbtx.inputs[i];
            if (SignPSBTInput(DUMMY_SIGNING_PROVIDER, psbtx, i, 1, nullptr, true)) {
                mtx.vin[i].scriptSig = input.final_script_sig;
                mtx.vin[i].scriptWitness = input.final_script_witness;

                Coin newcoin;
                if (!psbtx.GetInputUTXO(newcoin.out, i)) {
                    success = false;
                    break;
                }
                newcoin.nHeight = 1;
                view.AddCoin(psbtx.tx->vin[i].prevout, std::move(newcoin), true);
            } else {
                success = false;
                break;
            }
        }

        if (success) {
            CTransaction ctx = CTransaction(mtx);
            size_t size = GetVirtualTransactionSize(ctx, GetTransactionSigOpCost(ctx, view, STANDARD_SCRIPT_VERIFY_FLAGS));
            result.pushKV("estimated_vsize", (int)size);
            // Estimate fee rate
            CFeeRate feerate(fee, size);
            result.pushKV("estimated_feerate", ValueFromAmount(feerate.GetFeePerK()));
        }
        result.pushKV("fee", ValueFromAmount(fee));

        if (only_missing_sigs) {
            result.pushKV("next", "signer");
        } else if (only_missing_final) {
            result.pushKV("next", "finalizer");
        } else if (all_final) {
            result.pushKV("next", "extractor");
        } else {
            result.pushKV("next", "updater");
        }
    } else {
        result.pushKV("next", "updater");
    }
    return result;
}

// clang-format off
static const CRPCCommand commands[] =
{ //  category              name                            actor (function)            argNames
  //  --------------------- ------------------------        -----------------------     ----------
    { "rawtransactions",    "getrawtransaction",            &getrawtransaction,         {"txid","verbose","blockhash"} },
    { "rawtransactions",    "createrawtransaction",         &createrawtransaction,      {"inputs","outputs","locktime","replaceable"} },
    { "rawtransactions",    "decoderawtransaction",         &decoderawtransaction,      {"hexstring","iswitness"} },
    { "rawtransactions",    "decodescript",                 &decodescript,              {"hexstring"} },
    { "rawtransactions",    "sendrawtransaction",           &sendrawtransaction,        {"hexstring","allowhighfees"} },
    { "rawtransactions",    "combinerawtransaction",        &combinerawtransaction,     {"txs"} },
    { "hidden",             "signrawtransaction",           &signrawtransaction,        {"hexstring","prevtxs","privkeys","sighashtype"} },
    { "rawtransactions",    "signrawtransactionwithkey",    &signrawtransactionwithkey, {"hexstring","privkeys","prevtxs","sighashtype"} },
    { "rawtransactions",    "testmempoolaccept",            &testmempoolaccept,         {"rawtxs","allowhighfees"} },
    { "rawtransactions",    "decodepsbt",                   &decodepsbt,                {"psbt"} },
    { "rawtransactions",    "combinepsbt",                  &combinepsbt,               {"txs"} },
    { "rawtransactions",    "finalizepsbt",                 &finalizepsbt,              {"psbt", "extract"} },
    { "rawtransactions",    "createpsbt",                   &createpsbt,                {"inputs","outputs","locktime","replaceable"} },
    { "rawtransactions",    "converttopsbt",                &converttopsbt,             {"hexstring","permitsigdata","iswitness"} },
    { "rawtransactions",    "utxoupdatepsbt",               &utxoupdatepsbt,            {"psbt"} },
    { "rawtransactions",    "joinpsbts",                    &joinpsbts,                 {"txs"} },
    { "rawtransactions",    "analyzepsbt",                  &analyzepsbt,               {"psbt"} },

    { "blockchain",         "gettxoutproof",                &gettxoutproof,             {"txids", "blockhash"} },
    { "blockchain",         "verifytxoutproof",             &verifytxoutproof,          {"proof"} },
};
// clang-format on

void RegisterRawTransactionRPCCommands(CRPCTable &t)
{
    for (unsigned int vcidx = 0; vcidx < ARRAYLEN(commands); vcidx++)
        t.appendCommand(commands[vcidx].name, &commands[vcidx]);
}