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UNIX BUILD NOTES
====================
Some notes on how to build Bitcoin in Unix.
To Build
---------------------
./autogen.sh
./configure
make
This will build bitcoin-qt as well if the dependencies are met.
**Note:** on Ubuntu 13.10 (Saucy Salamander) the boost configuration script doesn't look in the
correct directory and an error about boost-system will appear. For now you need to do
./configure --with-boost-libdir=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu
Dependencies
---------------------
Library Purpose Description
------- ------- -----------
libssl SSL Support Secure communications
libdb4.8 Berkeley DB Wallet storage
libboost Boost C++ Library
miniupnpc UPnP Support Optional firewall-jumping support
qt GUI GUI toolkit
protobuf Payments in GUI Data interchange format used for payment protocol
libqrencode QR codes in GUI Optional for generating QR codes
[miniupnpc](http://miniupnp.free.fr/) may be used for UPnP port mapping. It can be downloaded from [here](
http://miniupnp.tuxfamily.org/files/). UPnP support is compiled in and
turned off by default. See the configure options for upnp behavior desired:
--with-miniupnpc No UPnP support miniupnp not required
--disable-upnp-default (the default) UPnP support turned off by default at runtime
--enable-upnp-default UPnP support turned on by default at runtime
IPv6 support may be disabled by setting:
--disable-ipv6 Disable IPv6 support
Licenses of statically linked libraries:
Berkeley DB New BSD license with additional requirement that linked
software must be free open source
Boost MIT-like license
miniupnpc New (3-clause) BSD license
- Versions used in this release:
- GCC 4.3.3
- OpenSSL 1.0.1c
- Berkeley DB 4.8.30.NC
- Boost 1.37
- miniupnpc 1.6
- qt 4.8.3
- protobuf 2.5.0
- libqrencode 3.2.0
Dependency Build Instructions: Ubuntu & Debian
----------------------------------------------
Build requirements:
sudo apt-get install build-essential
sudo apt-get install libtool autotools-dev autoconf
sudo apt-get install libssl-dev
for Ubuntu 12.04 and later:
sudo apt-get install libboost-all-dev
db4.8 packages are available [here](https://launchpad.net/~bitcoin/+archive/bitcoin).
Ubuntu 12.04 and later have packages for libdb5.1-dev and libdb5.1++-dev,
but using these will break binary wallet compatibility, and is not recommended.
for other Ubuntu & Debian:
sudo apt-get install libdb4.8-dev
sudo apt-get install libdb4.8++-dev
sudo apt-get install libboost1.37-dev
(If using Boost 1.37, append -mt to the boost libraries in the makefile)
Optional:
sudo apt-get install libminiupnpc-dev (see --with-miniupnpc and --enable-upnp-default)
Dependencies for the GUI: Ubuntu & Debian
-----------------------------------------
If you want to build Bitcoin-Qt, make sure that the required packages for Qt development
are installed. Qt 4 is currently necessary to build the GUI.
To build with Qt 4 you need the following:
apt-get install libqt4-dev libprotobuf-dev protobuf-compiler
libqrencode (optional) can be installed with:
apt-get install libqrencode-dev
Once these are installed, they will be found by configure and a bitcoin-qt executable will be
built by default.
Notes
-----
The release is built with GCC and then "strip bitcoind" to strip the debug
symbols, which reduces the executable size by about 90%.
miniupnpc
---------
tar -xzvf miniupnpc-1.6.tar.gz
cd miniupnpc-1.6
make
sudo su
make install
Berkeley DB
-----------
You need Berkeley DB 4.8. If you have to build Berkeley DB yourself:
../dist/configure --enable-cxx
make
Boost
-----
If you need to build Boost yourself:
sudo su
./bootstrap.sh
./bjam install
Security
--------
To help make your bitcoin installation more secure by making certain attacks impossible to
exploit even if a vulnerability is found, binaries are hardened by default.
This can be disabled with:
./configure --enable-hardening
Hardening enables the following features:
* Position Independent Executable
Build position independent code to take advantage of Address Space Layout Randomization
offered by some kernels. An attacker who is able to cause execution of code at an arbitrary
memory location is thwarted if he doesn't know where anything useful is located.
The stack and heap are randomly located by default but this allows the code section to be
randomly located as well.
On an Amd64 processor where a library was not compiled with -fPIC, this will cause an error
such as: "relocation R_X86_64_32 against `......' can not be used when making a shared object;"
To test that you have built PIE executable, install scanelf, part of paxutils, and use:
scanelf -e ./bitcoin
The output should contain:
TYPE
ET_DYN
* Non-executable Stack
If the stack is executable then trivial stack based buffer overflow exploits are possible if
vulnerable buffers are found. By default, bitcoin should be built with a non-executable stack
but if one of the libraries it uses asks for an executable stack or someone makes a mistake
and uses a compiler extension which requires an executable stack, it will silently build an
executable without the non-executable stack protection.
To verify that the stack is non-executable after compiling use:
`scanelf -e ./bitcoin`
the output should contain:
STK/REL/PTL
RW- R-- RW-
The STK RW- means that the stack is readable and writeable but not executable.
Disable-wallet mode
--------------------
When the intention is to run only a P2P node without a wallet, bitcoin may be compiled in
disable-wallet mode with:
./configure --disable-wallet
In this case there is no dependency on Berkeley DB 4.8.
Mining is also possible in disable-wallet mode, but only using the `getblocktemplate` RPC
call not `getwork`.
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