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-rw-r--r--src/allocators.h165
-rw-r--r--src/crypter.cpp12
-rw-r--r--src/crypter.h11
-rw-r--r--src/test/allocator_tests.cpp115
-rw-r--r--src/util.cpp2
5 files changed, 276 insertions, 29 deletions
diff --git a/src/allocators.h b/src/allocators.h
index ddeabc48c5..99afa10c25 100644
--- a/src/allocators.h
+++ b/src/allocators.h
@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@
#include <string.h>
#include <string>
+#include <boost/thread/mutex.hpp>
+#include <map>
#ifdef WIN32
#ifdef _WIN32_WINNT
@@ -22,23 +24,156 @@
// Note that VirtualLock does not provide this as a guarantee on Windows,
// but, in practice, memory that has been VirtualLock'd almost never gets written to
// the pagefile except in rare circumstances where memory is extremely low.
-#define mlock(p, n) VirtualLock((p), (n));
-#define munlock(p, n) VirtualUnlock((p), (n));
#else
#include <sys/mman.h>
-#include <limits.h>
-/* This comes from limits.h if it's not defined there set a sane default */
-#ifndef PAGESIZE
-#include <unistd.h>
-#define PAGESIZE sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE)
+#include <limits.h> // for PAGESIZE
+#include <unistd.h> // for sysconf
#endif
-#define mlock(a,b) \
- mlock(((void *)(((size_t)(a)) & (~((PAGESIZE)-1)))),\
- (((((size_t)(a)) + (b) - 1) | ((PAGESIZE) - 1)) + 1) - (((size_t)(a)) & (~((PAGESIZE) - 1))))
-#define munlock(a,b) \
- munlock(((void *)(((size_t)(a)) & (~((PAGESIZE)-1)))),\
- (((((size_t)(a)) + (b) - 1) | ((PAGESIZE) - 1)) + 1) - (((size_t)(a)) & (~((PAGESIZE) - 1))))
+
+/**
+ * Thread-safe class to keep track of locked (ie, non-swappable) memory pages.
+ *
+ * Memory locks do not stack, that is, pages which have been locked several times by calls to mlock()
+ * will be unlocked by a single call to munlock(). This can result in keying material ending up in swap when
+ * those functions are used naively. This class simulates stacking memory locks by keeping a counter per page.
+ *
+ * @note By using a map from each page base address to lock count, this class is optimized for
+ * small objects that span up to a few pages, mostly smaller than a page. To support large allocations,
+ * something like an interval tree would be the preferred data structure.
+ */
+template <class Locker> class LockedPageManagerBase
+{
+public:
+ LockedPageManagerBase(size_t page_size):
+ page_size(page_size)
+ {
+ // Determine bitmask for extracting page from address
+ assert(!(page_size & (page_size-1))); // size must be power of two
+ page_mask = ~(page_size - 1);
+ }
+
+ // For all pages in affected range, increase lock count
+ void LockRange(void *p, size_t size)
+ {
+ boost::mutex::scoped_lock lock(mutex);
+ if(!size) return;
+ const size_t base_addr = reinterpret_cast<size_t>(p);
+ const size_t start_page = base_addr & page_mask;
+ const size_t end_page = (base_addr + size - 1) & page_mask;
+ for(size_t page = start_page; page <= end_page; page += page_size)
+ {
+ Histogram::iterator it = histogram.find(page);
+ if(it == histogram.end()) // Newly locked page
+ {
+ locker.Lock(reinterpret_cast<void*>(page), page_size);
+ histogram.insert(std::make_pair(page, 1));
+ }
+ else // Page was already locked; increase counter
+ {
+ it->second += 1;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ // For all pages in affected range, decrease lock count
+ void UnlockRange(void *p, size_t size)
+ {
+ boost::mutex::scoped_lock lock(mutex);
+ if(!size) return;
+ const size_t base_addr = reinterpret_cast<size_t>(p);
+ const size_t start_page = base_addr & page_mask;
+ const size_t end_page = (base_addr + size - 1) & page_mask;
+ for(size_t page = start_page; page <= end_page; page += page_size)
+ {
+ Histogram::iterator it = histogram.find(page);
+ assert(it != histogram.end()); // Cannot unlock an area that was not locked
+ // Decrease counter for page, when it is zero, the page will be unlocked
+ it->second -= 1;
+ if(it->second == 0) // Nothing on the page anymore that keeps it locked
+ {
+ // Unlock page and remove the count from histogram
+ locker.Unlock(reinterpret_cast<void*>(page), page_size);
+ histogram.erase(it);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ // Get number of locked pages for diagnostics
+ int GetLockedPageCount()
+ {
+ boost::mutex::scoped_lock lock(mutex);
+ return histogram.size();
+ }
+
+private:
+ Locker locker;
+ boost::mutex mutex;
+ size_t page_size, page_mask;
+ // map of page base address to lock count
+ typedef std::map<size_t,int> Histogram;
+ Histogram histogram;
+};
+
+/** Determine system page size in bytes */
+static inline size_t GetSystemPageSize()
+{
+ size_t page_size;
+#if defined(WIN32)
+ SYSTEM_INFO sSysInfo;
+ GetSystemInfo(&sSysInfo);
+ page_size = sSysInfo.dwPageSize;
+#elif defined(PAGESIZE) // defined in limits.h
+ page_size = PAGESIZE;
+#else // assume some POSIX OS
+ page_size = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
+#endif
+ return page_size;
+}
+
+/**
+ * OS-dependent memory page locking/unlocking.
+ * Defined as policy class to make stubbing for test possible.
+ */
+class MemoryPageLocker
+{
+public:
+ /** Lock memory pages.
+ * addr and len must be a multiple of the system page size
+ */
+ bool Lock(const void *addr, size_t len)
+ {
+#ifdef WIN32
+ return VirtualLock(const_cast<void*>(addr), len);
+#else
+ return mlock(addr, len) == 0;
+#endif
+ }
+ /** Unlock memory pages.
+ * addr and len must be a multiple of the system page size
+ */
+ bool Unlock(const void *addr, size_t len)
+ {
+#ifdef WIN32
+ return VirtualUnlock(const_cast<void*>(addr), len);
+#else
+ return munlock(addr, len) == 0;
#endif
+ }
+};
+
+/**
+ * Singleton class to keep track of locked (ie, non-swappable) memory pages, for use in
+ * std::allocator templates.
+ */
+class LockedPageManager: public LockedPageManagerBase<MemoryPageLocker>
+{
+public:
+ static LockedPageManager instance; // instantiated in util.cpp
+private:
+ LockedPageManager():
+ LockedPageManagerBase<MemoryPageLocker>(GetSystemPageSize())
+ {}
+};
//
// Allocator that locks its contents from being paged
@@ -69,7 +204,7 @@ struct secure_allocator : public std::allocator<T>
T *p;
p = std::allocator<T>::allocate(n, hint);
if (p != NULL)
- mlock(p, sizeof(T) * n);
+ LockedPageManager::instance.LockRange(p, sizeof(T) * n);
return p;
}
@@ -78,7 +213,7 @@ struct secure_allocator : public std::allocator<T>
if (p != NULL)
{
memset(p, 0, sizeof(T) * n);
- munlock(p, sizeof(T) * n);
+ LockedPageManager::instance.UnlockRange(p, sizeof(T) * n);
}
std::allocator<T>::deallocate(p, n);
}
diff --git a/src/crypter.cpp b/src/crypter.cpp
index 411a1ee4c1..181b8fa00a 100644
--- a/src/crypter.cpp
+++ b/src/crypter.cpp
@@ -17,12 +17,6 @@ bool CCrypter::SetKeyFromPassphrase(const SecureString& strKeyData, const std::v
if (nRounds < 1 || chSalt.size() != WALLET_CRYPTO_SALT_SIZE)
return false;
- // Try to keep the key data out of swap (and be a bit over-careful to keep the IV that we don't even use out of swap)
- // Note that this does nothing about suspend-to-disk (which will put all our key data on disk)
- // Note as well that at no point in this program is any attempt made to prevent stealing of keys by reading the memory of the running process.
- mlock(&chKey[0], sizeof chKey);
- mlock(&chIV[0], sizeof chIV);
-
int i = 0;
if (nDerivationMethod == 0)
i = EVP_BytesToKey(EVP_aes_256_cbc(), EVP_sha512(), &chSalt[0],
@@ -44,12 +38,6 @@ bool CCrypter::SetKey(const CKeyingMaterial& chNewKey, const std::vector<unsigne
if (chNewKey.size() != WALLET_CRYPTO_KEY_SIZE || chNewIV.size() != WALLET_CRYPTO_KEY_SIZE)
return false;
- // Try to keep the key data out of swap
- // Note that this does nothing about suspend-to-disk (which will put all our key data on disk)
- // Note as well that at no point in this program is any attempt made to prevent stealing of keys by reading the memory of the running process.
- mlock(&chKey[0], sizeof chKey);
- mlock(&chIV[0], sizeof chIV);
-
memcpy(&chKey[0], &chNewKey[0], sizeof chKey);
memcpy(&chIV[0], &chNewIV[0], sizeof chIV);
diff --git a/src/crypter.h b/src/crypter.h
index d1bdb92c91..04538a3fa5 100644
--- a/src/crypter.h
+++ b/src/crypter.h
@@ -78,19 +78,26 @@ public:
{
memset(&chKey, 0, sizeof chKey);
memset(&chIV, 0, sizeof chIV);
- munlock(&chKey, sizeof chKey);
- munlock(&chIV, sizeof chIV);
fKeySet = false;
}
CCrypter()
{
fKeySet = false;
+
+ // Try to keep the key data out of swap (and be a bit over-careful to keep the IV that we don't even use out of swap)
+ // Note that this does nothing about suspend-to-disk (which will put all our key data on disk)
+ // Note as well that at no point in this program is any attempt made to prevent stealing of keys by reading the memory of the running process.
+ LockedPageManager::instance.LockRange(&chKey[0], sizeof chKey);
+ LockedPageManager::instance.LockRange(&chIV[0], sizeof chIV);
}
~CCrypter()
{
CleanKey();
+
+ LockedPageManager::instance.UnlockRange(&chKey[0], sizeof chKey);
+ LockedPageManager::instance.UnlockRange(&chIV[0], sizeof chIV);
}
};
diff --git a/src/test/allocator_tests.cpp b/src/test/allocator_tests.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d5cb8e8101
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/allocator_tests.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
+
+#include "init.h"
+#include "main.h"
+#include "util.h"
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_SUITE(allocator_tests)
+
+// Dummy memory page locker for platform independent tests
+static const void *last_lock_addr, *last_unlock_addr;
+static size_t last_lock_len, last_unlock_len;
+class TestLocker
+{
+public:
+ bool Lock(const void *addr, size_t len)
+ {
+ last_lock_addr = addr;
+ last_lock_len = len;
+ return true;
+ }
+ bool Unlock(const void *addr, size_t len)
+ {
+ last_unlock_addr = addr;
+ last_unlock_len = len;
+ return true;
+ }
+};
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_LockedPageManagerBase)
+{
+ const size_t test_page_size = 4096;
+ LockedPageManagerBase<TestLocker> lpm(test_page_size);
+ size_t addr;
+ last_lock_addr = last_unlock_addr = 0;
+ last_lock_len = last_unlock_len = 0;
+
+ /* Try large number of small objects */
+ addr = 0;
+ for(int i=0; i<1000; ++i)
+ {
+ lpm.LockRange(reinterpret_cast<void*>(addr), 33);
+ addr += 33;
+ }
+ /* Try small number of page-sized objects, straddling two pages */
+ addr = test_page_size*100 + 53;
+ for(int i=0; i<100; ++i)
+ {
+ lpm.LockRange(reinterpret_cast<void*>(addr), test_page_size);
+ addr += test_page_size;
+ }
+ /* Try small number of page-sized objects aligned to exactly one page */
+ addr = test_page_size*300;
+ for(int i=0; i<100; ++i)
+ {
+ lpm.LockRange(reinterpret_cast<void*>(addr), test_page_size);
+ addr += test_page_size;
+ }
+ /* one very large object, straddling pages */
+ lpm.LockRange(reinterpret_cast<void*>(test_page_size*600+1), test_page_size*500);
+ BOOST_CHECK(last_lock_addr == reinterpret_cast<void*>(test_page_size*(600+500)));
+ /* one very large object, page aligned */
+ lpm.LockRange(reinterpret_cast<void*>(test_page_size*1200), test_page_size*500-1);
+ BOOST_CHECK(last_lock_addr == reinterpret_cast<void*>(test_page_size*(1200+500-1)));
+
+ BOOST_CHECK(lpm.GetLockedPageCount() == (
+ (1000*33+test_page_size-1)/test_page_size + // small objects
+ 101 + 100 + // page-sized objects
+ 501 + 500)); // large objects
+ BOOST_CHECK((last_lock_len & (test_page_size-1)) == 0); // always lock entire pages
+ BOOST_CHECK(last_unlock_len == 0); // nothing unlocked yet
+
+ /* And unlock again */
+ addr = 0;
+ for(int i=0; i<1000; ++i)
+ {
+ lpm.UnlockRange(reinterpret_cast<void*>(addr), 33);
+ addr += 33;
+ }
+ addr = test_page_size*100 + 53;
+ for(int i=0; i<100; ++i)
+ {
+ lpm.UnlockRange(reinterpret_cast<void*>(addr), test_page_size);
+ addr += test_page_size;
+ }
+ addr = test_page_size*300;
+ for(int i=0; i<100; ++i)
+ {
+ lpm.UnlockRange(reinterpret_cast<void*>(addr), test_page_size);
+ addr += test_page_size;
+ }
+ lpm.UnlockRange(reinterpret_cast<void*>(test_page_size*600+1), test_page_size*500);
+ lpm.UnlockRange(reinterpret_cast<void*>(test_page_size*1200), test_page_size*500-1);
+
+ /* Check that everything is released */
+ BOOST_CHECK(lpm.GetLockedPageCount() == 0);
+
+ /* A few and unlocks of size zero (should have no effect) */
+ addr = 0;
+ for(int i=0; i<1000; ++i)
+ {
+ lpm.LockRange(reinterpret_cast<void*>(addr), 0);
+ addr += 1;
+ }
+ BOOST_CHECK(lpm.GetLockedPageCount() == 0);
+ addr = 0;
+ for(int i=0; i<1000; ++i)
+ {
+ lpm.UnlockRange(reinterpret_cast<void*>(addr), 0);
+ addr += 1;
+ }
+ BOOST_CHECK(lpm.GetLockedPageCount() == 0);
+ BOOST_CHECK((last_unlock_len & (test_page_size-1)) == 0); // always unlock entire pages
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_SUITE_END()
diff --git a/src/util.cpp b/src/util.cpp
index d6d9a368f0..461f42d177 100644
--- a/src/util.cpp
+++ b/src/util.cpp
@@ -86,6 +86,8 @@ void locking_callback(int mode, int i, const char* file, int line)
}
}
+LockedPageManager LockedPageManager::instance;
+
// Init
class CInit
{
generated by cgit v1.2.3 (git 2.26.2) at 2024-11-14 16:22:06 +0000