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Diffstat (limited to 'src/support/lockedpool.h')
-rw-r--r-- | src/support/lockedpool.h | 231 |
1 files changed, 231 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/src/support/lockedpool.h b/src/support/lockedpool.h new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..f5212bc266 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/support/lockedpool.h @@ -0,0 +1,231 @@ +// Copyright (c) 2016 The Bitcoin Core developers +// Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying +// file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php. + +#ifndef BITCOIN_SUPPORT_LOCKEDPOOL_H +#define BITCOIN_SUPPORT_LOCKEDPOOL_H + +#include <stdint.h> +#include <list> +#include <map> +#include <mutex> +#include <memory> + +/** + * OS-dependent allocation and deallocation of locked/pinned memory pages. + * Abstract base class. + */ +class LockedPageAllocator +{ +public: + virtual ~LockedPageAllocator() {} + /** Allocate and lock memory pages. + * If len is not a multiple of the system page size, it is rounded up. + * Returns 0 in case of allocation failure. + * + * If locking the memory pages could not be accomplished it will still + * return the memory, however the lockingSuccess flag will be false. + * lockingSuccess is undefined if the allocation fails. + */ + virtual void* AllocateLocked(size_t len, bool *lockingSuccess) = 0; + + /** Unlock and free memory pages. + * Clear the memory before unlocking. + */ + virtual void FreeLocked(void* addr, size_t len) = 0; + + /** Get the total limit on the amount of memory that may be locked by this + * process, in bytes. Return size_t max if there is no limit or the limit + * is unknown. Return 0 if no memory can be locked at all. + */ + virtual size_t GetLimit() = 0; +}; + +/* An arena manages a contiguous region of memory by dividing it into + * chunks. + */ +class Arena +{ +public: + Arena(void *base, size_t size, size_t alignment); + virtual ~Arena(); + + /** Memory statistics. */ + struct Stats + { + size_t used; + size_t free; + size_t total; + size_t chunks_used; + size_t chunks_free; + }; + + /** Allocate size bytes from this arena. + * Returns pointer on success, or 0 if memory is full or + * the application tried to allocate 0 bytes. + */ + void* alloc(size_t size); + + /** Free a previously allocated chunk of memory. + * Freeing the zero pointer has no effect. + * Raises std::runtime_error in case of error. + */ + void free(void *ptr); + + /** Get arena usage statistics */ + Stats stats() const; + +#ifdef ARENA_DEBUG + void walk() const; +#endif + + /** Return whether a pointer points inside this arena. + * This returns base <= ptr < (base+size) so only use it for (inclusive) + * chunk starting addresses. + */ + bool addressInArena(void *ptr) const { return ptr >= base && ptr < end; } +private: + Arena(const Arena& other) = delete; // non construction-copyable + Arena& operator=(const Arena&) = delete; // non copyable + + /** Map of chunk address to chunk information. This class makes use of the + * sorted order to merge previous and next chunks during deallocation. + */ + std::map<char*, size_t> chunks_free; + std::map<char*, size_t> chunks_used; + /** Base address of arena */ + char* base; + /** End address of arena */ + char* end; + /** Minimum chunk alignment */ + size_t alignment; +}; + +/** Pool for locked memory chunks. + * + * To avoid sensitive key data from being swapped to disk, the memory in this pool + * is locked/pinned. + * + * An arena manages a contiguous region of memory. The pool starts out with one arena + * but can grow to multiple arenas if the need arises. + * + * Unlike a normal C heap, the administrative structures are separate from the managed + * memory. This has been done as the sizes and bases of objects are not in themselves sensitive + * information, as to conserve precious locked memory. In some operating systems + * the amount of memory that can be locked is small. + */ +class LockedPool +{ +public: + /** Size of one arena of locked memory. This is a compromise. + * Do not set this too low, as managing many arenas will increase + * allocation and deallocation overhead. Setting it too high allocates + * more locked memory from the OS than strictly necessary. + */ + static const size_t ARENA_SIZE = 256*1024; + /** Chunk alignment. Another compromise. Setting this too high will waste + * memory, setting it too low will facilitate fragmentation. + */ + static const size_t ARENA_ALIGN = 16; + + /** Callback when allocation succeeds but locking fails. + */ + typedef bool (*LockingFailed_Callback)(); + + /** Memory statistics. */ + struct Stats + { + size_t used; + size_t free; + size_t total; + size_t locked; + size_t chunks_used; + size_t chunks_free; + }; + + /** Create a new LockedPool. This takes ownership of the MemoryPageLocker, + * you can only instantiate this with LockedPool(std::move(...)). + * + * The second argument is an optional callback when locking a newly allocated arena failed. + * If this callback is provided and returns false, the allocation fails (hard fail), if + * it returns true the allocation proceeds, but it could warn. + */ + LockedPool(std::unique_ptr<LockedPageAllocator> allocator, LockingFailed_Callback lf_cb_in = 0); + ~LockedPool(); + + /** Allocate size bytes from this arena. + * Returns pointer on success, or 0 if memory is full or + * the application tried to allocate 0 bytes. + */ + void* alloc(size_t size); + + /** Free a previously allocated chunk of memory. + * Freeing the zero pointer has no effect. + * Raises std::runtime_error in case of error. + */ + void free(void *ptr); + + /** Get pool usage statistics */ + Stats stats() const; +private: + LockedPool(const LockedPool& other) = delete; // non construction-copyable + LockedPool& operator=(const LockedPool&) = delete; // non copyable + + std::unique_ptr<LockedPageAllocator> allocator; + + /** Create an arena from locked pages */ + class LockedPageArena: public Arena + { + public: + LockedPageArena(LockedPageAllocator *alloc_in, void *base_in, size_t size, size_t align); + ~LockedPageArena(); + private: + void *base; + size_t size; + LockedPageAllocator *allocator; + }; + + bool new_arena(size_t size, size_t align); + + std::list<LockedPageArena> arenas; + LockingFailed_Callback lf_cb; + size_t cumulative_bytes_locked; + /** Mutex protects access to this pool's data structures, including arenas. + */ + mutable std::mutex mutex; +}; + +/** + * Singleton class to keep track of locked (ie, non-swappable) memory, for use in + * std::allocator templates. + * + * Some implementations of the STL allocate memory in some constructors (i.e., see + * MSVC's vector<T> implementation where it allocates 1 byte of memory in the allocator.) + * Due to the unpredictable order of static initializers, we have to make sure the + * LockedPoolManager instance exists before any other STL-based objects that use + * secure_allocator are created. So instead of having LockedPoolManager also be + * static-initialized, it is created on demand. + */ +class LockedPoolManager : public LockedPool +{ +public: + /** Return the current instance, or create it once */ + static LockedPoolManager& Instance() + { + std::call_once(LockedPoolManager::init_flag, LockedPoolManager::CreateInstance); + return *LockedPoolManager::_instance; + } + +private: + LockedPoolManager(std::unique_ptr<LockedPageAllocator> allocator); + + /** Create a new LockedPoolManager specialized to the OS */ + static void CreateInstance(); + /** Called when locking fails, warn the user here */ + static bool LockingFailed(); + + static LockedPoolManager* _instance; + static std::once_flag init_flag; +}; + +#endif // BITCOIN_SUPPORT_LOCKEDPOOL_H |