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Diffstat (limited to 'src/secp256k1/src/modinv32_impl.h')
| -rw-r--r-- | src/secp256k1/src/modinv32_impl.h | 587 |
1 files changed, 587 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/src/secp256k1/src/modinv32_impl.h b/src/secp256k1/src/modinv32_impl.h new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..661c5fc04c --- /dev/null +++ b/src/secp256k1/src/modinv32_impl.h @@ -0,0 +1,587 @@ +/*********************************************************************** + * Copyright (c) 2020 Peter Dettman * + * Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying * + * file COPYING or https://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.* + **********************************************************************/ + +#ifndef SECP256K1_MODINV32_IMPL_H +#define SECP256K1_MODINV32_IMPL_H + +#include "modinv32.h" + +#include "util.h" + +#include <stdlib.h> + +/* This file implements modular inversion based on the paper "Fast constant-time gcd computation and + * modular inversion" by Daniel J. Bernstein and Bo-Yin Yang. + * + * For an explanation of the algorithm, see doc/safegcd_implementation.md. This file contains an + * implementation for N=30, using 30-bit signed limbs represented as int32_t. + */ + +#ifdef VERIFY +static const secp256k1_modinv32_signed30 SECP256K1_SIGNED30_ONE = {{1}}; + +/* Compute a*factor and put it in r. All but the top limb in r will be in range [0,2^30). */ +static void secp256k1_modinv32_mul_30(secp256k1_modinv32_signed30 *r, const secp256k1_modinv32_signed30 *a, int alen, int32_t factor) { + const int32_t M30 = (int32_t)(UINT32_MAX >> 2); + int64_t c = 0; + int i; + for (i = 0; i < 8; ++i) { + if (i < alen) c += (int64_t)a->v[i] * factor; + r->v[i] = (int32_t)c & M30; c >>= 30; + } + if (8 < alen) c += (int64_t)a->v[8] * factor; + VERIFY_CHECK(c == (int32_t)c); + r->v[8] = (int32_t)c; +} + +/* Return -1 for a<b*factor, 0 for a==b*factor, 1 for a>b*factor. A consists of alen limbs; b has 9. */ +static int secp256k1_modinv32_mul_cmp_30(const secp256k1_modinv32_signed30 *a, int alen, const secp256k1_modinv32_signed30 *b, int32_t factor) { + int i; + secp256k1_modinv32_signed30 am, bm; + secp256k1_modinv32_mul_30(&am, a, alen, 1); /* Normalize all but the top limb of a. */ + secp256k1_modinv32_mul_30(&bm, b, 9, factor); + for (i = 0; i < 8; ++i) { + /* Verify that all but the top limb of a and b are normalized. */ + VERIFY_CHECK(am.v[i] >> 30 == 0); + VERIFY_CHECK(bm.v[i] >> 30 == 0); + } + for (i = 8; i >= 0; --i) { + if (am.v[i] < bm.v[i]) return -1; + if (am.v[i] > bm.v[i]) return 1; + } + return 0; +} +#endif + +/* Take as input a signed30 number in range (-2*modulus,modulus), and add a multiple of the modulus + * to it to bring it to range [0,modulus). If sign < 0, the input will also be negated in the + * process. The input must have limbs in range (-2^30,2^30). The output will have limbs in range + * [0,2^30). */ +static void secp256k1_modinv32_normalize_30(secp256k1_modinv32_signed30 *r, int32_t sign, const secp256k1_modinv32_modinfo *modinfo) { + const int32_t M30 = (int32_t)(UINT32_MAX >> 2); + int32_t r0 = r->v[0], r1 = r->v[1], r2 = r->v[2], r3 = r->v[3], r4 = r->v[4], + r5 = r->v[5], r6 = r->v[6], r7 = r->v[7], r8 = r->v[8]; + int32_t cond_add, cond_negate; + +#ifdef VERIFY + /* Verify that all limbs are in range (-2^30,2^30). */ + int i; + for (i = 0; i < 9; ++i) { + VERIFY_CHECK(r->v[i] >= -M30); + VERIFY_CHECK(r->v[i] <= M30); + } + VERIFY_CHECK(secp256k1_modinv32_mul_cmp_30(r, 9, &modinfo->modulus, -2) > 0); /* r > -2*modulus */ + VERIFY_CHECK(secp256k1_modinv32_mul_cmp_30(r, 9, &modinfo->modulus, 1) < 0); /* r < modulus */ +#endif + + /* In a first step, add the modulus if the input is negative, and then negate if requested. + * This brings r from range (-2*modulus,modulus) to range (-modulus,modulus). As all input + * limbs are in range (-2^30,2^30), this cannot overflow an int32_t. Note that the right + * shifts below are signed sign-extending shifts (see assumptions.h for tests that that is + * indeed the behavior of the right shift operator). */ + cond_add = r8 >> 31; + r0 += modinfo->modulus.v[0] & cond_add; + r1 += modinfo->modulus.v[1] & cond_add; + r2 += modinfo->modulus.v[2] & cond_add; + r3 += modinfo->modulus.v[3] & cond_add; + r4 += modinfo->modulus.v[4] & cond_add; + r5 += modinfo->modulus.v[5] & cond_add; + r6 += modinfo->modulus.v[6] & cond_add; + r7 += modinfo->modulus.v[7] & cond_add; + r8 += modinfo->modulus.v[8] & cond_add; + cond_negate = sign >> 31; + r0 = (r0 ^ cond_negate) - cond_negate; + r1 = (r1 ^ cond_negate) - cond_negate; + r2 = (r2 ^ cond_negate) - cond_negate; + r3 = (r3 ^ cond_negate) - cond_negate; + r4 = (r4 ^ cond_negate) - cond_negate; + r5 = (r5 ^ cond_negate) - cond_negate; + r6 = (r6 ^ cond_negate) - cond_negate; + r7 = (r7 ^ cond_negate) - cond_negate; + r8 = (r8 ^ cond_negate) - cond_negate; + /* Propagate the top bits, to bring limbs back to range (-2^30,2^30). */ + r1 += r0 >> 30; r0 &= M30; + r2 += r1 >> 30; r1 &= M30; + r3 += r2 >> 30; r2 &= M30; + r4 += r3 >> 30; r3 &= M30; + r5 += r4 >> 30; r4 &= M30; + r6 += r5 >> 30; r5 &= M30; + r7 += r6 >> 30; r6 &= M30; + r8 += r7 >> 30; r7 &= M30; + + /* In a second step add the modulus again if the result is still negative, bringing r to range + * [0,modulus). */ + cond_add = r8 >> 31; + r0 += modinfo->modulus.v[0] & cond_add; + r1 += modinfo->modulus.v[1] & cond_add; + r2 += modinfo->modulus.v[2] & cond_add; + r3 += modinfo->modulus.v[3] & cond_add; + r4 += modinfo->modulus.v[4] & cond_add; + r5 += modinfo->modulus.v[5] & cond_add; + r6 += modinfo->modulus.v[6] & cond_add; + r7 += modinfo->modulus.v[7] & cond_add; + r8 += modinfo->modulus.v[8] & cond_add; + /* And propagate again. */ + r1 += r0 >> 30; r0 &= M30; + r2 += r1 >> 30; r1 &= M30; + r3 += r2 >> 30; r2 &= M30; + r4 += r3 >> 30; r3 &= M30; + r5 += r4 >> 30; r4 &= M30; + r6 += r5 >> 30; r5 &= M30; + r7 += r6 >> 30; r6 &= M30; + r8 += r7 >> 30; r7 &= M30; + + r->v[0] = r0; + r->v[1] = r1; + r->v[2] = r2; + r->v[3] = r3; + r->v[4] = r4; + r->v[5] = r5; + r->v[6] = r6; + r->v[7] = r7; + r->v[8] = r8; + +#ifdef VERIFY + VERIFY_CHECK(r0 >> 30 == 0); + VERIFY_CHECK(r1 >> 30 == 0); + VERIFY_CHECK(r2 >> 30 == 0); + VERIFY_CHECK(r3 >> 30 == 0); + VERIFY_CHECK(r4 >> 30 == 0); + VERIFY_CHECK(r5 >> 30 == 0); + VERIFY_CHECK(r6 >> 30 == 0); + VERIFY_CHECK(r7 >> 30 == 0); + VERIFY_CHECK(r8 >> 30 == 0); + VERIFY_CHECK(secp256k1_modinv32_mul_cmp_30(r, 9, &modinfo->modulus, 0) >= 0); /* r >= 0 */ + VERIFY_CHECK(secp256k1_modinv32_mul_cmp_30(r, 9, &modinfo->modulus, 1) < 0); /* r < modulus */ +#endif +} + +/* Data type for transition matrices (see section 3 of explanation). + * + * t = [ u v ] + * [ q r ] + */ +typedef struct { + int32_t u, v, q, r; +} secp256k1_modinv32_trans2x2; + +/* Compute the transition matrix and zeta for 30 divsteps. + * + * Input: zeta: initial zeta + * f0: bottom limb of initial f + * g0: bottom limb of initial g + * Output: t: transition matrix + * Return: final zeta + * + * Implements the divsteps_n_matrix function from the explanation. + */ +static int32_t secp256k1_modinv32_divsteps_30(int32_t zeta, uint32_t f0, uint32_t g0, secp256k1_modinv32_trans2x2 *t) { + /* u,v,q,r are the elements of the transformation matrix being built up, + * starting with the identity matrix. Semantically they are signed integers + * in range [-2^30,2^30], but here represented as unsigned mod 2^32. This + * permits left shifting (which is UB for negative numbers). The range + * being inside [-2^31,2^31) means that casting to signed works correctly. + */ + uint32_t u = 1, v = 0, q = 0, r = 1; + uint32_t c1, c2, f = f0, g = g0, x, y, z; + int i; + + for (i = 0; i < 30; ++i) { + VERIFY_CHECK((f & 1) == 1); /* f must always be odd */ + VERIFY_CHECK((u * f0 + v * g0) == f << i); + VERIFY_CHECK((q * f0 + r * g0) == g << i); + /* Compute conditional masks for (zeta < 0) and for (g & 1). */ + c1 = zeta >> 31; + c2 = -(g & 1); + /* Compute x,y,z, conditionally negated versions of f,u,v. */ + x = (f ^ c1) - c1; + y = (u ^ c1) - c1; + z = (v ^ c1) - c1; + /* Conditionally add x,y,z to g,q,r. */ + g += x & c2; + q += y & c2; + r += z & c2; + /* In what follows, c1 is a condition mask for (zeta < 0) and (g & 1). */ + c1 &= c2; + /* Conditionally change zeta into -zeta-2 or zeta-1. */ + zeta = (zeta ^ c1) - 1; + /* Conditionally add g,q,r to f,u,v. */ + f += g & c1; + u += q & c1; + v += r & c1; + /* Shifts */ + g >>= 1; + u <<= 1; + v <<= 1; + /* Bounds on zeta that follow from the bounds on iteration count (max 20*30 divsteps). */ + VERIFY_CHECK(zeta >= -601 && zeta <= 601); + } + /* Return data in t and return value. */ + t->u = (int32_t)u; + t->v = (int32_t)v; + t->q = (int32_t)q; + t->r = (int32_t)r; + /* The determinant of t must be a power of two. This guarantees that multiplication with t + * does not change the gcd of f and g, apart from adding a power-of-2 factor to it (which + * will be divided out again). As each divstep's individual matrix has determinant 2, the + * aggregate of 30 of them will have determinant 2^30. */ + VERIFY_CHECK((int64_t)t->u * t->r - (int64_t)t->v * t->q == ((int64_t)1) << 30); + return zeta; +} + +/* Compute the transition matrix and eta for 30 divsteps (variable time). + * + * Input: eta: initial eta + * f0: bottom limb of initial f + * g0: bottom limb of initial g + * Output: t: transition matrix + * Return: final eta + * + * Implements the divsteps_n_matrix_var function from the explanation. + */ +static int32_t secp256k1_modinv32_divsteps_30_var(int32_t eta, uint32_t f0, uint32_t g0, secp256k1_modinv32_trans2x2 *t) { + /* inv256[i] = -(2*i+1)^-1 (mod 256) */ + static const uint8_t inv256[128] = { + 0xFF, 0x55, 0x33, 0x49, 0xC7, 0x5D, 0x3B, 0x11, 0x0F, 0xE5, 0xC3, 0x59, + 0xD7, 0xED, 0xCB, 0x21, 0x1F, 0x75, 0x53, 0x69, 0xE7, 0x7D, 0x5B, 0x31, + 0x2F, 0x05, 0xE3, 0x79, 0xF7, 0x0D, 0xEB, 0x41, 0x3F, 0x95, 0x73, 0x89, + 0x07, 0x9D, 0x7B, 0x51, 0x4F, 0x25, 0x03, 0x99, 0x17, 0x2D, 0x0B, 0x61, + 0x5F, 0xB5, 0x93, 0xA9, 0x27, 0xBD, 0x9B, 0x71, 0x6F, 0x45, 0x23, 0xB9, + 0x37, 0x4D, 0x2B, 0x81, 0x7F, 0xD5, 0xB3, 0xC9, 0x47, 0xDD, 0xBB, 0x91, + 0x8F, 0x65, 0x43, 0xD9, 0x57, 0x6D, 0x4B, 0xA1, 0x9F, 0xF5, 0xD3, 0xE9, + 0x67, 0xFD, 0xDB, 0xB1, 0xAF, 0x85, 0x63, 0xF9, 0x77, 0x8D, 0x6B, 0xC1, + 0xBF, 0x15, 0xF3, 0x09, 0x87, 0x1D, 0xFB, 0xD1, 0xCF, 0xA5, 0x83, 0x19, + 0x97, 0xAD, 0x8B, 0xE1, 0xDF, 0x35, 0x13, 0x29, 0xA7, 0x3D, 0x1B, 0xF1, + 0xEF, 0xC5, 0xA3, 0x39, 0xB7, 0xCD, 0xAB, 0x01 + }; + + /* Transformation matrix; see comments in secp256k1_modinv32_divsteps_30. */ + uint32_t u = 1, v = 0, q = 0, r = 1; + uint32_t f = f0, g = g0, m; + uint16_t w; + int i = 30, limit, zeros; + + for (;;) { + /* Use a sentinel bit to count zeros only up to i. */ + zeros = secp256k1_ctz32_var(g | (UINT32_MAX << i)); + /* Perform zeros divsteps at once; they all just divide g by two. */ + g >>= zeros; + u <<= zeros; + v <<= zeros; + eta -= zeros; + i -= zeros; + /* We're done once we've done 30 divsteps. */ + if (i == 0) break; + VERIFY_CHECK((f & 1) == 1); + VERIFY_CHECK((g & 1) == 1); + VERIFY_CHECK((u * f0 + v * g0) == f << (30 - i)); + VERIFY_CHECK((q * f0 + r * g0) == g << (30 - i)); + /* Bounds on eta that follow from the bounds on iteration count (max 25*30 divsteps). */ + VERIFY_CHECK(eta >= -751 && eta <= 751); + /* If eta is negative, negate it and replace f,g with g,-f. */ + if (eta < 0) { + uint32_t tmp; + eta = -eta; + tmp = f; f = g; g = -tmp; + tmp = u; u = q; q = -tmp; + tmp = v; v = r; r = -tmp; + } + /* eta is now >= 0. In what follows we're going to cancel out the bottom bits of g. No more + * than i can be cancelled out (as we'd be done before that point), and no more than eta+1 + * can be done as its sign will flip once that happens. */ + limit = ((int)eta + 1) > i ? i : ((int)eta + 1); + /* m is a mask for the bottom min(limit, 8) bits (our table only supports 8 bits). */ + VERIFY_CHECK(limit > 0 && limit <= 30); + m = (UINT32_MAX >> (32 - limit)) & 255U; + /* Find what multiple of f must be added to g to cancel its bottom min(limit, 8) bits. */ + w = (g * inv256[(f >> 1) & 127]) & m; + /* Do so. */ + g += f * w; + q += u * w; + r += v * w; + VERIFY_CHECK((g & m) == 0); + } + /* Return data in t and return value. */ + t->u = (int32_t)u; + t->v = (int32_t)v; + t->q = (int32_t)q; + t->r = (int32_t)r; + /* The determinant of t must be a power of two. This guarantees that multiplication with t + * does not change the gcd of f and g, apart from adding a power-of-2 factor to it (which + * will be divided out again). As each divstep's individual matrix has determinant 2, the + * aggregate of 30 of them will have determinant 2^30. */ + VERIFY_CHECK((int64_t)t->u * t->r - (int64_t)t->v * t->q == ((int64_t)1) << 30); + return eta; +} + +/* Compute (t/2^30) * [d, e] mod modulus, where t is a transition matrix for 30 divsteps. + * + * On input and output, d and e are in range (-2*modulus,modulus). All output limbs will be in range + * (-2^30,2^30). + * + * This implements the update_de function from the explanation. + */ +static void secp256k1_modinv32_update_de_30(secp256k1_modinv32_signed30 *d, secp256k1_modinv32_signed30 *e, const secp256k1_modinv32_trans2x2 *t, const secp256k1_modinv32_modinfo* modinfo) { + const int32_t M30 = (int32_t)(UINT32_MAX >> 2); + const int32_t u = t->u, v = t->v, q = t->q, r = t->r; + int32_t di, ei, md, me, sd, se; + int64_t cd, ce; + int i; +#ifdef VERIFY + VERIFY_CHECK(secp256k1_modinv32_mul_cmp_30(d, 9, &modinfo->modulus, -2) > 0); /* d > -2*modulus */ + VERIFY_CHECK(secp256k1_modinv32_mul_cmp_30(d, 9, &modinfo->modulus, 1) < 0); /* d < modulus */ + VERIFY_CHECK(secp256k1_modinv32_mul_cmp_30(e, 9, &modinfo->modulus, -2) > 0); /* e > -2*modulus */ + VERIFY_CHECK(secp256k1_modinv32_mul_cmp_30(e, 9, &modinfo->modulus, 1) < 0); /* e < modulus */ + VERIFY_CHECK((labs(u) + labs(v)) >= 0); /* |u|+|v| doesn't overflow */ + VERIFY_CHECK((labs(q) + labs(r)) >= 0); /* |q|+|r| doesn't overflow */ + VERIFY_CHECK((labs(u) + labs(v)) <= M30 + 1); /* |u|+|v| <= 2^30 */ + VERIFY_CHECK((labs(q) + labs(r)) <= M30 + 1); /* |q|+|r| <= 2^30 */ +#endif + /* [md,me] start as zero; plus [u,q] if d is negative; plus [v,r] if e is negative. */ + sd = d->v[8] >> 31; + se = e->v[8] >> 31; + md = (u & sd) + (v & se); + me = (q & sd) + (r & se); + /* Begin computing t*[d,e]. */ + di = d->v[0]; + ei = e->v[0]; + cd = (int64_t)u * di + (int64_t)v * ei; + ce = (int64_t)q * di + (int64_t)r * ei; + /* Correct md,me so that t*[d,e]+modulus*[md,me] has 30 zero bottom bits. */ + md -= (modinfo->modulus_inv30 * (uint32_t)cd + md) & M30; + me -= (modinfo->modulus_inv30 * (uint32_t)ce + me) & M30; + /* Update the beginning of computation for t*[d,e]+modulus*[md,me] now md,me are known. */ + cd += (int64_t)modinfo->modulus.v[0] * md; + ce += (int64_t)modinfo->modulus.v[0] * me; + /* Verify that the low 30 bits of the computation are indeed zero, and then throw them away. */ + VERIFY_CHECK(((int32_t)cd & M30) == 0); cd >>= 30; + VERIFY_CHECK(((int32_t)ce & M30) == 0); ce >>= 30; + /* Now iteratively compute limb i=1..8 of t*[d,e]+modulus*[md,me], and store them in output + * limb i-1 (shifting down by 30 bits). */ + for (i = 1; i < 9; ++i) { + di = d->v[i]; + ei = e->v[i]; + cd += (int64_t)u * di + (int64_t)v * ei; + ce += (int64_t)q * di + (int64_t)r * ei; + cd += (int64_t)modinfo->modulus.v[i] * md; + ce += (int64_t)modinfo->modulus.v[i] * me; + d->v[i - 1] = (int32_t)cd & M30; cd >>= 30; + e->v[i - 1] = (int32_t)ce & M30; ce >>= 30; + } + /* What remains is limb 9 of t*[d,e]+modulus*[md,me]; store it as output limb 8. */ + d->v[8] = (int32_t)cd; + e->v[8] = (int32_t)ce; +#ifdef VERIFY + VERIFY_CHECK(secp256k1_modinv32_mul_cmp_30(d, 9, &modinfo->modulus, -2) > 0); /* d > -2*modulus */ + VERIFY_CHECK(secp256k1_modinv32_mul_cmp_30(d, 9, &modinfo->modulus, 1) < 0); /* d < modulus */ + VERIFY_CHECK(secp256k1_modinv32_mul_cmp_30(e, 9, &modinfo->modulus, -2) > 0); /* e > -2*modulus */ + VERIFY_CHECK(secp256k1_modinv32_mul_cmp_30(e, 9, &modinfo->modulus, 1) < 0); /* e < modulus */ +#endif +} + +/* Compute (t/2^30) * [f, g], where t is a transition matrix for 30 divsteps. + * + * This implements the update_fg function from the explanation. + */ +static void secp256k1_modinv32_update_fg_30(secp256k1_modinv32_signed30 *f, secp256k1_modinv32_signed30 *g, const secp256k1_modinv32_trans2x2 *t) { + const int32_t M30 = (int32_t)(UINT32_MAX >> 2); + const int32_t u = t->u, v = t->v, q = t->q, r = t->r; + int32_t fi, gi; + int64_t cf, cg; + int i; + /* Start computing t*[f,g]. */ + fi = f->v[0]; + gi = g->v[0]; + cf = (int64_t)u * fi + (int64_t)v * gi; + cg = (int64_t)q * fi + (int64_t)r * gi; + /* Verify that the bottom 30 bits of the result are zero, and then throw them away. */ + VERIFY_CHECK(((int32_t)cf & M30) == 0); cf >>= 30; + VERIFY_CHECK(((int32_t)cg & M30) == 0); cg >>= 30; + /* Now iteratively compute limb i=1..8 of t*[f,g], and store them in output limb i-1 (shifting + * down by 30 bits). */ + for (i = 1; i < 9; ++i) { + fi = f->v[i]; + gi = g->v[i]; + cf += (int64_t)u * fi + (int64_t)v * gi; + cg += (int64_t)q * fi + (int64_t)r * gi; + f->v[i - 1] = (int32_t)cf & M30; cf >>= 30; + g->v[i - 1] = (int32_t)cg & M30; cg >>= 30; + } + /* What remains is limb 9 of t*[f,g]; store it as output limb 8. */ + f->v[8] = (int32_t)cf; + g->v[8] = (int32_t)cg; +} + +/* Compute (t/2^30) * [f, g], where t is a transition matrix for 30 divsteps. + * + * Version that operates on a variable number of limbs in f and g. + * + * This implements the update_fg function from the explanation in modinv64_impl.h. + */ +static void secp256k1_modinv32_update_fg_30_var(int len, secp256k1_modinv32_signed30 *f, secp256k1_modinv32_signed30 *g, const secp256k1_modinv32_trans2x2 *t) { + const int32_t M30 = (int32_t)(UINT32_MAX >> 2); + const int32_t u = t->u, v = t->v, q = t->q, r = t->r; + int32_t fi, gi; + int64_t cf, cg; + int i; + VERIFY_CHECK(len > 0); + /* Start computing t*[f,g]. */ + fi = f->v[0]; + gi = g->v[0]; + cf = (int64_t)u * fi + (int64_t)v * gi; + cg = (int64_t)q * fi + (int64_t)r * gi; + /* Verify that the bottom 62 bits of the result are zero, and then throw them away. */ + VERIFY_CHECK(((int32_t)cf & M30) == 0); cf >>= 30; + VERIFY_CHECK(((int32_t)cg & M30) == 0); cg >>= 30; + /* Now iteratively compute limb i=1..len of t*[f,g], and store them in output limb i-1 (shifting + * down by 30 bits). */ + for (i = 1; i < len; ++i) { + fi = f->v[i]; + gi = g->v[i]; + cf += (int64_t)u * fi + (int64_t)v * gi; + cg += (int64_t)q * fi + (int64_t)r * gi; + f->v[i - 1] = (int32_t)cf & M30; cf >>= 30; + g->v[i - 1] = (int32_t)cg & M30; cg >>= 30; + } + /* What remains is limb (len) of t*[f,g]; store it as output limb (len-1). */ + f->v[len - 1] = (int32_t)cf; + g->v[len - 1] = (int32_t)cg; +} + +/* Compute the inverse of x modulo modinfo->modulus, and replace x with it (constant time in x). */ +static void secp256k1_modinv32(secp256k1_modinv32_signed30 *x, const secp256k1_modinv32_modinfo *modinfo) { + /* Start with d=0, e=1, f=modulus, g=x, zeta=-1. */ + secp256k1_modinv32_signed30 d = {{0}}; + secp256k1_modinv32_signed30 e = {{1}}; + secp256k1_modinv32_signed30 f = modinfo->modulus; + secp256k1_modinv32_signed30 g = *x; + int i; + int32_t zeta = -1; /* zeta = -(delta+1/2); delta is initially 1/2. */ + + /* Do 20 iterations of 30 divsteps each = 600 divsteps. 590 suffices for 256-bit inputs. */ + for (i = 0; i < 20; ++i) { + /* Compute transition matrix and new zeta after 30 divsteps. */ + secp256k1_modinv32_trans2x2 t; + zeta = secp256k1_modinv32_divsteps_30(zeta, f.v[0], g.v[0], &t); + /* Update d,e using that transition matrix. */ + secp256k1_modinv32_update_de_30(&d, &e, &t, modinfo); + /* Update f,g using that transition matrix. */ +#ifdef VERIFY + VERIFY_CHECK(secp256k1_modinv32_mul_cmp_30(&f, 9, &modinfo->modulus, -1) > 0); /* f > -modulus */ + VERIFY_CHECK(secp256k1_modinv32_mul_cmp_30(&f, 9, &modinfo->modulus, 1) <= 0); /* f <= modulus */ + VERIFY_CHECK(secp256k1_modinv32_mul_cmp_30(&g, 9, &modinfo->modulus, -1) > 0); /* g > -modulus */ + VERIFY_CHECK(secp256k1_modinv32_mul_cmp_30(&g, 9, &modinfo->modulus, 1) < 0); /* g < modulus */ +#endif + secp256k1_modinv32_update_fg_30(&f, &g, &t); +#ifdef VERIFY + VERIFY_CHECK(secp256k1_modinv32_mul_cmp_30(&f, 9, &modinfo->modulus, -1) > 0); /* f > -modulus */ + VERIFY_CHECK(secp256k1_modinv32_mul_cmp_30(&f, 9, &modinfo->modulus, 1) <= 0); /* f <= modulus */ + VERIFY_CHECK(secp256k1_modinv32_mul_cmp_30(&g, 9, &modinfo->modulus, -1) > 0); /* g > -modulus */ + VERIFY_CHECK(secp256k1_modinv32_mul_cmp_30(&g, 9, &modinfo->modulus, 1) < 0); /* g < modulus */ +#endif + } + + /* At this point sufficient iterations have been performed that g must have reached 0 + * and (if g was not originally 0) f must now equal +/- GCD of the initial f, g + * values i.e. +/- 1, and d now contains +/- the modular inverse. */ +#ifdef VERIFY + /* g == 0 */ + VERIFY_CHECK(secp256k1_modinv32_mul_cmp_30(&g, 9, &SECP256K1_SIGNED30_ONE, 0) == 0); + /* |f| == 1, or (x == 0 and d == 0 and |f|=modulus) */ + VERIFY_CHECK(secp256k1_modinv32_mul_cmp_30(&f, 9, &SECP256K1_SIGNED30_ONE, -1) == 0 || + secp256k1_modinv32_mul_cmp_30(&f, 9, &SECP256K1_SIGNED30_ONE, 1) == 0 || + (secp256k1_modinv32_mul_cmp_30(x, 9, &SECP256K1_SIGNED30_ONE, 0) == 0 && + secp256k1_modinv32_mul_cmp_30(&d, 9, &SECP256K1_SIGNED30_ONE, 0) == 0 && + (secp256k1_modinv32_mul_cmp_30(&f, 9, &modinfo->modulus, 1) == 0 || + secp256k1_modinv32_mul_cmp_30(&f, 9, &modinfo->modulus, -1) == 0))); +#endif + + /* Optionally negate d, normalize to [0,modulus), and return it. */ + secp256k1_modinv32_normalize_30(&d, f.v[8], modinfo); + *x = d; +} + +/* Compute the inverse of x modulo modinfo->modulus, and replace x with it (variable time). */ +static void secp256k1_modinv32_var(secp256k1_modinv32_signed30 *x, const secp256k1_modinv32_modinfo *modinfo) { + /* Start with d=0, e=1, f=modulus, g=x, eta=-1. */ + secp256k1_modinv32_signed30 d = {{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}}; + secp256k1_modinv32_signed30 e = {{1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}}; + secp256k1_modinv32_signed30 f = modinfo->modulus; + secp256k1_modinv32_signed30 g = *x; +#ifdef VERIFY + int i = 0; +#endif + int j, len = 9; + int32_t eta = -1; /* eta = -delta; delta is initially 1 (faster for the variable-time code) */ + int32_t cond, fn, gn; + + /* Do iterations of 30 divsteps each until g=0. */ + while (1) { + /* Compute transition matrix and new eta after 30 divsteps. */ + secp256k1_modinv32_trans2x2 t; + eta = secp256k1_modinv32_divsteps_30_var(eta, f.v[0], g.v[0], &t); + /* Update d,e using that transition matrix. */ + secp256k1_modinv32_update_de_30(&d, &e, &t, modinfo); + /* Update f,g using that transition matrix. */ +#ifdef VERIFY + VERIFY_CHECK(secp256k1_modinv32_mul_cmp_30(&f, len, &modinfo->modulus, -1) > 0); /* f > -modulus */ + VERIFY_CHECK(secp256k1_modinv32_mul_cmp_30(&f, len, &modinfo->modulus, 1) <= 0); /* f <= modulus */ + VERIFY_CHECK(secp256k1_modinv32_mul_cmp_30(&g, len, &modinfo->modulus, -1) > 0); /* g > -modulus */ + VERIFY_CHECK(secp256k1_modinv32_mul_cmp_30(&g, len, &modinfo->modulus, 1) < 0); /* g < modulus */ +#endif + secp256k1_modinv32_update_fg_30_var(len, &f, &g, &t); + /* If the bottom limb of g is 0, there is a chance g=0. */ + if (g.v[0] == 0) { + cond = 0; + /* Check if all other limbs are also 0. */ + for (j = 1; j < len; ++j) { + cond |= g.v[j]; + } + /* If so, we're done. */ + if (cond == 0) break; + } + + /* Determine if len>1 and limb (len-1) of both f and g is 0 or -1. */ + fn = f.v[len - 1]; + gn = g.v[len - 1]; + cond = ((int32_t)len - 2) >> 31; + cond |= fn ^ (fn >> 31); + cond |= gn ^ (gn >> 31); + /* If so, reduce length, propagating the sign of f and g's top limb into the one below. */ + if (cond == 0) { + f.v[len - 2] |= (uint32_t)fn << 30; + g.v[len - 2] |= (uint32_t)gn << 30; + --len; + } +#ifdef VERIFY + VERIFY_CHECK(++i < 25); /* We should never need more than 25*30 = 750 divsteps */ + VERIFY_CHECK(secp256k1_modinv32_mul_cmp_30(&f, len, &modinfo->modulus, -1) > 0); /* f > -modulus */ + VERIFY_CHECK(secp256k1_modinv32_mul_cmp_30(&f, len, &modinfo->modulus, 1) <= 0); /* f <= modulus */ + VERIFY_CHECK(secp256k1_modinv32_mul_cmp_30(&g, len, &modinfo->modulus, -1) > 0); /* g > -modulus */ + VERIFY_CHECK(secp256k1_modinv32_mul_cmp_30(&g, len, &modinfo->modulus, 1) < 0); /* g < modulus */ +#endif + } + + /* At this point g is 0 and (if g was not originally 0) f must now equal +/- GCD of + * the initial f, g values i.e. +/- 1, and d now contains +/- the modular inverse. */ +#ifdef VERIFY + /* g == 0 */ + VERIFY_CHECK(secp256k1_modinv32_mul_cmp_30(&g, len, &SECP256K1_SIGNED30_ONE, 0) == 0); + /* |f| == 1, or (x == 0 and d == 0 and |f|=modulus) */ + VERIFY_CHECK(secp256k1_modinv32_mul_cmp_30(&f, len, &SECP256K1_SIGNED30_ONE, -1) == 0 || + secp256k1_modinv32_mul_cmp_30(&f, len, &SECP256K1_SIGNED30_ONE, 1) == 0 || + (secp256k1_modinv32_mul_cmp_30(x, 9, &SECP256K1_SIGNED30_ONE, 0) == 0 && + secp256k1_modinv32_mul_cmp_30(&d, 9, &SECP256K1_SIGNED30_ONE, 0) == 0 && + (secp256k1_modinv32_mul_cmp_30(&f, len, &modinfo->modulus, 1) == 0 || + secp256k1_modinv32_mul_cmp_30(&f, len, &modinfo->modulus, -1) == 0))); +#endif + + /* Optionally negate d, normalize to [0,modulus), and return it. */ + secp256k1_modinv32_normalize_30(&d, f.v[len - 1], modinfo); + *x = d; +} + +#endif /* SECP256K1_MODINV32_IMPL_H */ |