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diff --git a/src/leveldb/db/db_test.cc b/src/leveldb/db/db_test.cc
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+// Copyright (c) 2011 The LevelDB Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+// found in the LICENSE file. See the AUTHORS file for names of contributors.
+
+#include "leveldb/db.h"
+#include "leveldb/filter_policy.h"
+#include "db/db_impl.h"
+#include "db/filename.h"
+#include "db/version_set.h"
+#include "db/write_batch_internal.h"
+#include "leveldb/cache.h"
+#include "leveldb/env.h"
+#include "leveldb/table.h"
+#include "util/hash.h"
+#include "util/logging.h"
+#include "util/mutexlock.h"
+#include "util/testharness.h"
+#include "util/testutil.h"
+
+namespace leveldb {
+
+static std::string RandomString(Random* rnd, int len) {
+ std::string r;
+ test::RandomString(rnd, len, &r);
+ return r;
+}
+
+namespace {
+class AtomicCounter {
+ private:
+ port::Mutex mu_;
+ int count_;
+ public:
+ AtomicCounter() : count_(0) { }
+ void Increment() {
+ MutexLock l(&mu_);
+ count_++;
+ }
+ int Read() {
+ MutexLock l(&mu_);
+ return count_;
+ }
+ void Reset() {
+ MutexLock l(&mu_);
+ count_ = 0;
+ }
+};
+}
+
+// Special Env used to delay background operations
+class SpecialEnv : public EnvWrapper {
+ public:
+ // sstable Sync() calls are blocked while this pointer is non-NULL.
+ port::AtomicPointer delay_sstable_sync_;
+
+ // Simulate no-space errors while this pointer is non-NULL.
+ port::AtomicPointer no_space_;
+
+ // Simulate non-writable file system while this pointer is non-NULL
+ port::AtomicPointer non_writable_;
+
+ bool count_random_reads_;
+ AtomicCounter random_read_counter_;
+
+ AtomicCounter sleep_counter_;
+
+ explicit SpecialEnv(Env* base) : EnvWrapper(base) {
+ delay_sstable_sync_.Release_Store(NULL);
+ no_space_.Release_Store(NULL);
+ non_writable_.Release_Store(NULL);
+ count_random_reads_ = false;
+ }
+
+ Status NewWritableFile(const std::string& f, WritableFile** r) {
+ class SSTableFile : public WritableFile {
+ private:
+ SpecialEnv* env_;
+ WritableFile* base_;
+
+ public:
+ SSTableFile(SpecialEnv* env, WritableFile* base)
+ : env_(env),
+ base_(base) {
+ }
+ ~SSTableFile() { delete base_; }
+ Status Append(const Slice& data) {
+ if (env_->no_space_.Acquire_Load() != NULL) {
+ // Drop writes on the floor
+ return Status::OK();
+ } else {
+ return base_->Append(data);
+ }
+ }
+ Status Close() { return base_->Close(); }
+ Status Flush() { return base_->Flush(); }
+ Status Sync() {
+ while (env_->delay_sstable_sync_.Acquire_Load() != NULL) {
+ env_->SleepForMicroseconds(100000);
+ }
+ return base_->Sync();
+ }
+ };
+
+ if (non_writable_.Acquire_Load() != NULL) {
+ return Status::IOError("simulated write error");
+ }
+
+ Status s = target()->NewWritableFile(f, r);
+ if (s.ok()) {
+ if (strstr(f.c_str(), ".sst") != NULL) {
+ *r = new SSTableFile(this, *r);
+ }
+ }
+ return s;
+ }
+
+ Status NewRandomAccessFile(const std::string& f, RandomAccessFile** r) {
+ class CountingFile : public RandomAccessFile {
+ private:
+ RandomAccessFile* target_;
+ AtomicCounter* counter_;
+ public:
+ CountingFile(RandomAccessFile* target, AtomicCounter* counter)
+ : target_(target), counter_(counter) {
+ }
+ virtual ~CountingFile() { delete target_; }
+ virtual Status Read(uint64_t offset, size_t n, Slice* result,
+ char* scratch) const {
+ counter_->Increment();
+ return target_->Read(offset, n, result, scratch);
+ }
+ };
+
+ Status s = target()->NewRandomAccessFile(f, r);
+ if (s.ok() && count_random_reads_) {
+ *r = new CountingFile(*r, &random_read_counter_);
+ }
+ return s;
+ }
+
+ virtual void SleepForMicroseconds(int micros) {
+ sleep_counter_.Increment();
+ target()->SleepForMicroseconds(micros);
+ }
+};
+
+class DBTest {
+ private:
+ const FilterPolicy* filter_policy_;
+
+ // Sequence of option configurations to try
+ enum OptionConfig {
+ kDefault,
+ kFilter,
+ kUncompressed,
+ kEnd
+ };
+ int option_config_;
+
+ public:
+ std::string dbname_;
+ SpecialEnv* env_;
+ DB* db_;
+
+ Options last_options_;
+
+ DBTest() : option_config_(kDefault),
+ env_(new SpecialEnv(Env::Default())) {
+ filter_policy_ = NewBloomFilterPolicy(10);
+ dbname_ = test::TmpDir() + "/db_test";
+ DestroyDB(dbname_, Options());
+ db_ = NULL;
+ Reopen();
+ }
+
+ ~DBTest() {
+ delete db_;
+ DestroyDB(dbname_, Options());
+ delete env_;
+ delete filter_policy_;
+ }
+
+ // Switch to a fresh database with the next option configuration to
+ // test. Return false if there are no more configurations to test.
+ bool ChangeOptions() {
+ option_config_++;
+ if (option_config_ >= kEnd) {
+ return false;
+ } else {
+ DestroyAndReopen();
+ return true;
+ }
+ }
+
+ // Return the current option configuration.
+ Options CurrentOptions() {
+ Options options;
+ switch (option_config_) {
+ case kFilter:
+ options.filter_policy = filter_policy_;
+ break;
+ case kUncompressed:
+ options.compression = kNoCompression;
+ break;
+ default:
+ break;
+ }
+ return options;
+ }
+
+ DBImpl* dbfull() {
+ return reinterpret_cast<DBImpl*>(db_);
+ }
+
+ void Reopen(Options* options = NULL) {
+ ASSERT_OK(TryReopen(options));
+ }
+
+ void Close() {
+ delete db_;
+ db_ = NULL;
+ }
+
+ void DestroyAndReopen(Options* options = NULL) {
+ delete db_;
+ db_ = NULL;
+ DestroyDB(dbname_, Options());
+ ASSERT_OK(TryReopen(options));
+ }
+
+ Status TryReopen(Options* options) {
+ delete db_;
+ db_ = NULL;
+ Options opts;
+ if (options != NULL) {
+ opts = *options;
+ } else {
+ opts = CurrentOptions();
+ opts.create_if_missing = true;
+ }
+ last_options_ = opts;
+
+ return DB::Open(opts, dbname_, &db_);
+ }
+
+ Status Put(const std::string& k, const std::string& v) {
+ return db_->Put(WriteOptions(), k, v);
+ }
+
+ Status Delete(const std::string& k) {
+ return db_->Delete(WriteOptions(), k);
+ }
+
+ std::string Get(const std::string& k, const Snapshot* snapshot = NULL) {
+ ReadOptions options;
+ options.snapshot = snapshot;
+ std::string result;
+ Status s = db_->Get(options, k, &result);
+ if (s.IsNotFound()) {
+ result = "NOT_FOUND";
+ } else if (!s.ok()) {
+ result = s.ToString();
+ }
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ // Return a string that contains all key,value pairs in order,
+ // formatted like "(k1->v1)(k2->v2)".
+ std::string Contents() {
+ std::vector<std::string> forward;
+ std::string result;
+ Iterator* iter = db_->NewIterator(ReadOptions());
+ for (iter->SeekToFirst(); iter->Valid(); iter->Next()) {
+ std::string s = IterStatus(iter);
+ result.push_back('(');
+ result.append(s);
+ result.push_back(')');
+ forward.push_back(s);
+ }
+
+ // Check reverse iteration results are the reverse of forward results
+ int matched = 0;
+ for (iter->SeekToLast(); iter->Valid(); iter->Prev()) {
+ ASSERT_LT(matched, forward.size());
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), forward[forward.size() - matched - 1]);
+ matched++;
+ }
+ ASSERT_EQ(matched, forward.size());
+
+ delete iter;
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ std::string AllEntriesFor(const Slice& user_key) {
+ Iterator* iter = dbfull()->TEST_NewInternalIterator();
+ InternalKey target(user_key, kMaxSequenceNumber, kTypeValue);
+ iter->Seek(target.Encode());
+ std::string result;
+ if (!iter->status().ok()) {
+ result = iter->status().ToString();
+ } else {
+ result = "[ ";
+ bool first = true;
+ while (iter->Valid()) {
+ ParsedInternalKey ikey;
+ if (!ParseInternalKey(iter->key(), &ikey)) {
+ result += "CORRUPTED";
+ } else {
+ if (last_options_.comparator->Compare(ikey.user_key, user_key) != 0) {
+ break;
+ }
+ if (!first) {
+ result += ", ";
+ }
+ first = false;
+ switch (ikey.type) {
+ case kTypeValue:
+ result += iter->value().ToString();
+ break;
+ case kTypeDeletion:
+ result += "DEL";
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ iter->Next();
+ }
+ if (!first) {
+ result += " ";
+ }
+ result += "]";
+ }
+ delete iter;
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ int NumTableFilesAtLevel(int level) {
+ std::string property;
+ ASSERT_TRUE(
+ db_->GetProperty("leveldb.num-files-at-level" + NumberToString(level),
+ &property));
+ return atoi(property.c_str());
+ }
+
+ int TotalTableFiles() {
+ int result = 0;
+ for (int level = 0; level < config::kNumLevels; level++) {
+ result += NumTableFilesAtLevel(level);
+ }
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ // Return spread of files per level
+ std::string FilesPerLevel() {
+ std::string result;
+ int last_non_zero_offset = 0;
+ for (int level = 0; level < config::kNumLevels; level++) {
+ int f = NumTableFilesAtLevel(level);
+ char buf[100];
+ snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s%d", (level ? "," : ""), f);
+ result += buf;
+ if (f > 0) {
+ last_non_zero_offset = result.size();
+ }
+ }
+ result.resize(last_non_zero_offset);
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ int CountFiles() {
+ std::vector<std::string> files;
+ env_->GetChildren(dbname_, &files);
+ return static_cast<int>(files.size());
+ }
+
+ uint64_t Size(const Slice& start, const Slice& limit) {
+ Range r(start, limit);
+ uint64_t size;
+ db_->GetApproximateSizes(&r, 1, &size);
+ return size;
+ }
+
+ void Compact(const Slice& start, const Slice& limit) {
+ db_->CompactRange(&start, &limit);
+ }
+
+ // Do n memtable compactions, each of which produces an sstable
+ // covering the range [small,large].
+ void MakeTables(int n, const std::string& small, const std::string& large) {
+ for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+ Put(small, "begin");
+ Put(large, "end");
+ dbfull()->TEST_CompactMemTable();
+ }
+ }
+
+ // Prevent pushing of new sstables into deeper levels by adding
+ // tables that cover a specified range to all levels.
+ void FillLevels(const std::string& smallest, const std::string& largest) {
+ MakeTables(config::kNumLevels, smallest, largest);
+ }
+
+ void DumpFileCounts(const char* label) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "---\n%s:\n", label);
+ fprintf(stderr, "maxoverlap: %lld\n",
+ static_cast<long long>(
+ dbfull()->TEST_MaxNextLevelOverlappingBytes()));
+ for (int level = 0; level < config::kNumLevels; level++) {
+ int num = NumTableFilesAtLevel(level);
+ if (num > 0) {
+ fprintf(stderr, " level %3d : %d files\n", level, num);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ std::string DumpSSTableList() {
+ std::string property;
+ db_->GetProperty("leveldb.sstables", &property);
+ return property;
+ }
+
+ std::string IterStatus(Iterator* iter) {
+ std::string result;
+ if (iter->Valid()) {
+ result = iter->key().ToString() + "->" + iter->value().ToString();
+ } else {
+ result = "(invalid)";
+ }
+ return result;
+ }
+};
+
+TEST(DBTest, Empty) {
+ do {
+ ASSERT_TRUE(db_ != NULL);
+ ASSERT_EQ("NOT_FOUND", Get("foo"));
+ } while (ChangeOptions());
+}
+
+TEST(DBTest, ReadWrite) {
+ do {
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("foo", "v1"));
+ ASSERT_EQ("v1", Get("foo"));
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("bar", "v2"));
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("foo", "v3"));
+ ASSERT_EQ("v3", Get("foo"));
+ ASSERT_EQ("v2", Get("bar"));
+ } while (ChangeOptions());
+}
+
+TEST(DBTest, PutDeleteGet) {
+ do {
+ ASSERT_OK(db_->Put(WriteOptions(), "foo", "v1"));
+ ASSERT_EQ("v1", Get("foo"));
+ ASSERT_OK(db_->Put(WriteOptions(), "foo", "v2"));
+ ASSERT_EQ("v2", Get("foo"));
+ ASSERT_OK(db_->Delete(WriteOptions(), "foo"));
+ ASSERT_EQ("NOT_FOUND", Get("foo"));
+ } while (ChangeOptions());
+}
+
+TEST(DBTest, GetFromImmutableLayer) {
+ do {
+ Options options = CurrentOptions();
+ options.env = env_;
+ options.write_buffer_size = 100000; // Small write buffer
+ Reopen(&options);
+
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("foo", "v1"));
+ ASSERT_EQ("v1", Get("foo"));
+
+ env_->delay_sstable_sync_.Release_Store(env_); // Block sync calls
+ Put("k1", std::string(100000, 'x')); // Fill memtable
+ Put("k2", std::string(100000, 'y')); // Trigger compaction
+ ASSERT_EQ("v1", Get("foo"));
+ env_->delay_sstable_sync_.Release_Store(NULL); // Release sync calls
+ } while (ChangeOptions());
+}
+
+TEST(DBTest, GetFromVersions) {
+ do {
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("foo", "v1"));
+ dbfull()->TEST_CompactMemTable();
+ ASSERT_EQ("v1", Get("foo"));
+ } while (ChangeOptions());
+}
+
+TEST(DBTest, GetSnapshot) {
+ do {
+ // Try with both a short key and a long key
+ for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
+ std::string key = (i == 0) ? std::string("foo") : std::string(200, 'x');
+ ASSERT_OK(Put(key, "v1"));
+ const Snapshot* s1 = db_->GetSnapshot();
+ ASSERT_OK(Put(key, "v2"));
+ ASSERT_EQ("v2", Get(key));
+ ASSERT_EQ("v1", Get(key, s1));
+ dbfull()->TEST_CompactMemTable();
+ ASSERT_EQ("v2", Get(key));
+ ASSERT_EQ("v1", Get(key, s1));
+ db_->ReleaseSnapshot(s1);
+ }
+ } while (ChangeOptions());
+}
+
+TEST(DBTest, GetLevel0Ordering) {
+ do {
+ // Check that we process level-0 files in correct order. The code
+ // below generates two level-0 files where the earlier one comes
+ // before the later one in the level-0 file list since the earlier
+ // one has a smaller "smallest" key.
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("bar", "b"));
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("foo", "v1"));
+ dbfull()->TEST_CompactMemTable();
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("foo", "v2"));
+ dbfull()->TEST_CompactMemTable();
+ ASSERT_EQ("v2", Get("foo"));
+ } while (ChangeOptions());
+}
+
+TEST(DBTest, GetOrderedByLevels) {
+ do {
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("foo", "v1"));
+ Compact("a", "z");
+ ASSERT_EQ("v1", Get("foo"));
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("foo", "v2"));
+ ASSERT_EQ("v2", Get("foo"));
+ dbfull()->TEST_CompactMemTable();
+ ASSERT_EQ("v2", Get("foo"));
+ } while (ChangeOptions());
+}
+
+TEST(DBTest, GetPicksCorrectFile) {
+ do {
+ // Arrange to have multiple files in a non-level-0 level.
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("a", "va"));
+ Compact("a", "b");
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("x", "vx"));
+ Compact("x", "y");
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("f", "vf"));
+ Compact("f", "g");
+ ASSERT_EQ("va", Get("a"));
+ ASSERT_EQ("vf", Get("f"));
+ ASSERT_EQ("vx", Get("x"));
+ } while (ChangeOptions());
+}
+
+TEST(DBTest, GetEncountersEmptyLevel) {
+ do {
+ // Arrange for the following to happen:
+ // * sstable A in level 0
+ // * nothing in level 1
+ // * sstable B in level 2
+ // Then do enough Get() calls to arrange for an automatic compaction
+ // of sstable A. A bug would cause the compaction to be marked as
+ // occuring at level 1 (instead of the correct level 0).
+
+ // Step 1: First place sstables in levels 0 and 2
+ int compaction_count = 0;
+ while (NumTableFilesAtLevel(0) == 0 ||
+ NumTableFilesAtLevel(2) == 0) {
+ ASSERT_LE(compaction_count, 100) << "could not fill levels 0 and 2";
+ compaction_count++;
+ Put("a", "begin");
+ Put("z", "end");
+ dbfull()->TEST_CompactMemTable();
+ }
+
+ // Step 2: clear level 1 if necessary.
+ dbfull()->TEST_CompactRange(1, NULL, NULL);
+ ASSERT_EQ(NumTableFilesAtLevel(0), 1);
+ ASSERT_EQ(NumTableFilesAtLevel(1), 0);
+ ASSERT_EQ(NumTableFilesAtLevel(2), 1);
+
+ // Step 3: read a bunch of times
+ for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
+ ASSERT_EQ("NOT_FOUND", Get("missing"));
+ }
+
+ // Step 4: Wait for compaction to finish
+ env_->SleepForMicroseconds(1000000);
+
+ ASSERT_EQ(NumTableFilesAtLevel(0), 0);
+ } while (ChangeOptions());
+}
+
+TEST(DBTest, IterEmpty) {
+ Iterator* iter = db_->NewIterator(ReadOptions());
+
+ iter->SeekToFirst();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "(invalid)");
+
+ iter->SeekToLast();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "(invalid)");
+
+ iter->Seek("foo");
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "(invalid)");
+
+ delete iter;
+}
+
+TEST(DBTest, IterSingle) {
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("a", "va"));
+ Iterator* iter = db_->NewIterator(ReadOptions());
+
+ iter->SeekToFirst();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "a->va");
+ iter->Next();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "(invalid)");
+ iter->SeekToFirst();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "a->va");
+ iter->Prev();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "(invalid)");
+
+ iter->SeekToLast();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "a->va");
+ iter->Next();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "(invalid)");
+ iter->SeekToLast();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "a->va");
+ iter->Prev();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "(invalid)");
+
+ iter->Seek("");
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "a->va");
+ iter->Next();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "(invalid)");
+
+ iter->Seek("a");
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "a->va");
+ iter->Next();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "(invalid)");
+
+ iter->Seek("b");
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "(invalid)");
+
+ delete iter;
+}
+
+TEST(DBTest, IterMulti) {
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("a", "va"));
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("b", "vb"));
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("c", "vc"));
+ Iterator* iter = db_->NewIterator(ReadOptions());
+
+ iter->SeekToFirst();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "a->va");
+ iter->Next();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "b->vb");
+ iter->Next();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "c->vc");
+ iter->Next();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "(invalid)");
+ iter->SeekToFirst();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "a->va");
+ iter->Prev();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "(invalid)");
+
+ iter->SeekToLast();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "c->vc");
+ iter->Prev();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "b->vb");
+ iter->Prev();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "a->va");
+ iter->Prev();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "(invalid)");
+ iter->SeekToLast();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "c->vc");
+ iter->Next();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "(invalid)");
+
+ iter->Seek("");
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "a->va");
+ iter->Seek("a");
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "a->va");
+ iter->Seek("ax");
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "b->vb");
+ iter->Seek("b");
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "b->vb");
+ iter->Seek("z");
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "(invalid)");
+
+ // Switch from reverse to forward
+ iter->SeekToLast();
+ iter->Prev();
+ iter->Prev();
+ iter->Next();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "b->vb");
+
+ // Switch from forward to reverse
+ iter->SeekToFirst();
+ iter->Next();
+ iter->Next();
+ iter->Prev();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "b->vb");
+
+ // Make sure iter stays at snapshot
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("a", "va2"));
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("a2", "va3"));
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("b", "vb2"));
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("c", "vc2"));
+ ASSERT_OK(Delete("b"));
+ iter->SeekToFirst();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "a->va");
+ iter->Next();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "b->vb");
+ iter->Next();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "c->vc");
+ iter->Next();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "(invalid)");
+ iter->SeekToLast();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "c->vc");
+ iter->Prev();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "b->vb");
+ iter->Prev();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "a->va");
+ iter->Prev();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "(invalid)");
+
+ delete iter;
+}
+
+TEST(DBTest, IterSmallAndLargeMix) {
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("a", "va"));
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("b", std::string(100000, 'b')));
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("c", "vc"));
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("d", std::string(100000, 'd')));
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("e", std::string(100000, 'e')));
+
+ Iterator* iter = db_->NewIterator(ReadOptions());
+
+ iter->SeekToFirst();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "a->va");
+ iter->Next();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "b->" + std::string(100000, 'b'));
+ iter->Next();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "c->vc");
+ iter->Next();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "d->" + std::string(100000, 'd'));
+ iter->Next();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "e->" + std::string(100000, 'e'));
+ iter->Next();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "(invalid)");
+
+ iter->SeekToLast();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "e->" + std::string(100000, 'e'));
+ iter->Prev();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "d->" + std::string(100000, 'd'));
+ iter->Prev();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "c->vc");
+ iter->Prev();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "b->" + std::string(100000, 'b'));
+ iter->Prev();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "a->va");
+ iter->Prev();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "(invalid)");
+
+ delete iter;
+}
+
+TEST(DBTest, IterMultiWithDelete) {
+ do {
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("a", "va"));
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("b", "vb"));
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("c", "vc"));
+ ASSERT_OK(Delete("b"));
+ ASSERT_EQ("NOT_FOUND", Get("b"));
+
+ Iterator* iter = db_->NewIterator(ReadOptions());
+ iter->Seek("c");
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "c->vc");
+ iter->Prev();
+ ASSERT_EQ(IterStatus(iter), "a->va");
+ delete iter;
+ } while (ChangeOptions());
+}
+
+TEST(DBTest, Recover) {
+ do {
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("foo", "v1"));
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("baz", "v5"));
+
+ Reopen();
+ ASSERT_EQ("v1", Get("foo"));
+
+ ASSERT_EQ("v1", Get("foo"));
+ ASSERT_EQ("v5", Get("baz"));
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("bar", "v2"));
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("foo", "v3"));
+
+ Reopen();
+ ASSERT_EQ("v3", Get("foo"));
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("foo", "v4"));
+ ASSERT_EQ("v4", Get("foo"));
+ ASSERT_EQ("v2", Get("bar"));
+ ASSERT_EQ("v5", Get("baz"));
+ } while (ChangeOptions());
+}
+
+TEST(DBTest, RecoveryWithEmptyLog) {
+ do {
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("foo", "v1"));
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("foo", "v2"));
+ Reopen();
+ Reopen();
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("foo", "v3"));
+ Reopen();
+ ASSERT_EQ("v3", Get("foo"));
+ } while (ChangeOptions());
+}
+
+// Check that writes done during a memtable compaction are recovered
+// if the database is shutdown during the memtable compaction.
+TEST(DBTest, RecoverDuringMemtableCompaction) {
+ do {
+ Options options = CurrentOptions();
+ options.env = env_;
+ options.write_buffer_size = 1000000;
+ Reopen(&options);
+
+ // Trigger a long memtable compaction and reopen the database during it
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("foo", "v1")); // Goes to 1st log file
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("big1", std::string(10000000, 'x'))); // Fills memtable
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("big2", std::string(1000, 'y'))); // Triggers compaction
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("bar", "v2")); // Goes to new log file
+
+ Reopen(&options);
+ ASSERT_EQ("v1", Get("foo"));
+ ASSERT_EQ("v2", Get("bar"));
+ ASSERT_EQ(std::string(10000000, 'x'), Get("big1"));
+ ASSERT_EQ(std::string(1000, 'y'), Get("big2"));
+ } while (ChangeOptions());
+}
+
+static std::string Key(int i) {
+ char buf[100];
+ snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "key%06d", i);
+ return std::string(buf);
+}
+
+TEST(DBTest, MinorCompactionsHappen) {
+ Options options = CurrentOptions();
+ options.write_buffer_size = 10000;
+ Reopen(&options);
+
+ const int N = 500;
+
+ int starting_num_tables = TotalTableFiles();
+ for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+ ASSERT_OK(Put(Key(i), Key(i) + std::string(1000, 'v')));
+ }
+ int ending_num_tables = TotalTableFiles();
+ ASSERT_GT(ending_num_tables, starting_num_tables);
+
+ for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+ ASSERT_EQ(Key(i) + std::string(1000, 'v'), Get(Key(i)));
+ }
+
+ Reopen();
+
+ for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+ ASSERT_EQ(Key(i) + std::string(1000, 'v'), Get(Key(i)));
+ }
+}
+
+TEST(DBTest, RecoverWithLargeLog) {
+ {
+ Options options = CurrentOptions();
+ Reopen(&options);
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("big1", std::string(200000, '1')));
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("big2", std::string(200000, '2')));
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("small3", std::string(10, '3')));
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("small4", std::string(10, '4')));
+ ASSERT_EQ(NumTableFilesAtLevel(0), 0);
+ }
+
+ // Make sure that if we re-open with a small write buffer size that
+ // we flush table files in the middle of a large log file.
+ Options options = CurrentOptions();
+ options.write_buffer_size = 100000;
+ Reopen(&options);
+ ASSERT_EQ(NumTableFilesAtLevel(0), 3);
+ ASSERT_EQ(std::string(200000, '1'), Get("big1"));
+ ASSERT_EQ(std::string(200000, '2'), Get("big2"));
+ ASSERT_EQ(std::string(10, '3'), Get("small3"));
+ ASSERT_EQ(std::string(10, '4'), Get("small4"));
+ ASSERT_GT(NumTableFilesAtLevel(0), 1);
+}
+
+TEST(DBTest, CompactionsGenerateMultipleFiles) {
+ Options options = CurrentOptions();
+ options.write_buffer_size = 100000000; // Large write buffer
+ Reopen(&options);
+
+ Random rnd(301);
+
+ // Write 8MB (80 values, each 100K)
+ ASSERT_EQ(NumTableFilesAtLevel(0), 0);
+ std::vector<std::string> values;
+ for (int i = 0; i < 80; i++) {
+ values.push_back(RandomString(&rnd, 100000));
+ ASSERT_OK(Put(Key(i), values[i]));
+ }
+
+ // Reopening moves updates to level-0
+ Reopen(&options);
+ dbfull()->TEST_CompactRange(0, NULL, NULL);
+
+ ASSERT_EQ(NumTableFilesAtLevel(0), 0);
+ ASSERT_GT(NumTableFilesAtLevel(1), 1);
+ for (int i = 0; i < 80; i++) {
+ ASSERT_EQ(Get(Key(i)), values[i]);
+ }
+}
+
+TEST(DBTest, RepeatedWritesToSameKey) {
+ Options options = CurrentOptions();
+ options.env = env_;
+ options.write_buffer_size = 100000; // Small write buffer
+ Reopen(&options);
+
+ // We must have at most one file per level except for level-0,
+ // which may have up to kL0_StopWritesTrigger files.
+ const int kMaxFiles = config::kNumLevels + config::kL0_StopWritesTrigger;
+
+ Random rnd(301);
+ std::string value = RandomString(&rnd, 2 * options.write_buffer_size);
+ for (int i = 0; i < 5 * kMaxFiles; i++) {
+ Put("key", value);
+ ASSERT_LE(TotalTableFiles(), kMaxFiles);
+ fprintf(stderr, "after %d: %d files\n", int(i+1), TotalTableFiles());
+ }
+}
+
+TEST(DBTest, SparseMerge) {
+ Options options = CurrentOptions();
+ options.compression = kNoCompression;
+ Reopen(&options);
+
+ FillLevels("A", "Z");
+
+ // Suppose there is:
+ // small amount of data with prefix A
+ // large amount of data with prefix B
+ // small amount of data with prefix C
+ // and that recent updates have made small changes to all three prefixes.
+ // Check that we do not do a compaction that merges all of B in one shot.
+ const std::string value(1000, 'x');
+ Put("A", "va");
+ // Write approximately 100MB of "B" values
+ for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++) {
+ char key[100];
+ snprintf(key, sizeof(key), "B%010d", i);
+ Put(key, value);
+ }
+ Put("C", "vc");
+ dbfull()->TEST_CompactMemTable();
+ dbfull()->TEST_CompactRange(0, NULL, NULL);
+
+ // Make sparse update
+ Put("A", "va2");
+ Put("B100", "bvalue2");
+ Put("C", "vc2");
+ dbfull()->TEST_CompactMemTable();
+
+ // Compactions should not cause us to create a situation where
+ // a file overlaps too much data at the next level.
+ ASSERT_LE(dbfull()->TEST_MaxNextLevelOverlappingBytes(), 20*1048576);
+ dbfull()->TEST_CompactRange(0, NULL, NULL);
+ ASSERT_LE(dbfull()->TEST_MaxNextLevelOverlappingBytes(), 20*1048576);
+ dbfull()->TEST_CompactRange(1, NULL, NULL);
+ ASSERT_LE(dbfull()->TEST_MaxNextLevelOverlappingBytes(), 20*1048576);
+}
+
+static bool Between(uint64_t val, uint64_t low, uint64_t high) {
+ bool result = (val >= low) && (val <= high);
+ if (!result) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Value %llu is not in range [%llu, %llu]\n",
+ (unsigned long long)(val),
+ (unsigned long long)(low),
+ (unsigned long long)(high));
+ }
+ return result;
+}
+
+TEST(DBTest, ApproximateSizes) {
+ do {
+ Options options = CurrentOptions();
+ options.write_buffer_size = 100000000; // Large write buffer
+ options.compression = kNoCompression;
+ DestroyAndReopen();
+
+ ASSERT_TRUE(Between(Size("", "xyz"), 0, 0));
+ Reopen(&options);
+ ASSERT_TRUE(Between(Size("", "xyz"), 0, 0));
+
+ // Write 8MB (80 values, each 100K)
+ ASSERT_EQ(NumTableFilesAtLevel(0), 0);
+ const int N = 80;
+ static const int S1 = 100000;
+ static const int S2 = 105000; // Allow some expansion from metadata
+ Random rnd(301);
+ for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+ ASSERT_OK(Put(Key(i), RandomString(&rnd, S1)));
+ }
+
+ // 0 because GetApproximateSizes() does not account for memtable space
+ ASSERT_TRUE(Between(Size("", Key(50)), 0, 0));
+
+ // Check sizes across recovery by reopening a few times
+ for (int run = 0; run < 3; run++) {
+ Reopen(&options);
+
+ for (int compact_start = 0; compact_start < N; compact_start += 10) {
+ for (int i = 0; i < N; i += 10) {
+ ASSERT_TRUE(Between(Size("", Key(i)), S1*i, S2*i));
+ ASSERT_TRUE(Between(Size("", Key(i)+".suffix"), S1*(i+1), S2*(i+1)));
+ ASSERT_TRUE(Between(Size(Key(i), Key(i+10)), S1*10, S2*10));
+ }
+ ASSERT_TRUE(Between(Size("", Key(50)), S1*50, S2*50));
+ ASSERT_TRUE(Between(Size("", Key(50)+".suffix"), S1*50, S2*50));
+
+ std::string cstart_str = Key(compact_start);
+ std::string cend_str = Key(compact_start + 9);
+ Slice cstart = cstart_str;
+ Slice cend = cend_str;
+ dbfull()->TEST_CompactRange(0, &cstart, &cend);
+ }
+
+ ASSERT_EQ(NumTableFilesAtLevel(0), 0);
+ ASSERT_GT(NumTableFilesAtLevel(1), 0);
+ }
+ } while (ChangeOptions());
+}
+
+TEST(DBTest, ApproximateSizes_MixOfSmallAndLarge) {
+ do {
+ Options options = CurrentOptions();
+ options.compression = kNoCompression;
+ Reopen();
+
+ Random rnd(301);
+ std::string big1 = RandomString(&rnd, 100000);
+ ASSERT_OK(Put(Key(0), RandomString(&rnd, 10000)));
+ ASSERT_OK(Put(Key(1), RandomString(&rnd, 10000)));
+ ASSERT_OK(Put(Key(2), big1));
+ ASSERT_OK(Put(Key(3), RandomString(&rnd, 10000)));
+ ASSERT_OK(Put(Key(4), big1));
+ ASSERT_OK(Put(Key(5), RandomString(&rnd, 10000)));
+ ASSERT_OK(Put(Key(6), RandomString(&rnd, 300000)));
+ ASSERT_OK(Put(Key(7), RandomString(&rnd, 10000)));
+
+ // Check sizes across recovery by reopening a few times
+ for (int run = 0; run < 3; run++) {
+ Reopen(&options);
+
+ ASSERT_TRUE(Between(Size("", Key(0)), 0, 0));
+ ASSERT_TRUE(Between(Size("", Key(1)), 10000, 11000));
+ ASSERT_TRUE(Between(Size("", Key(2)), 20000, 21000));
+ ASSERT_TRUE(Between(Size("", Key(3)), 120000, 121000));
+ ASSERT_TRUE(Between(Size("", Key(4)), 130000, 131000));
+ ASSERT_TRUE(Between(Size("", Key(5)), 230000, 231000));
+ ASSERT_TRUE(Between(Size("", Key(6)), 240000, 241000));
+ ASSERT_TRUE(Between(Size("", Key(7)), 540000, 541000));
+ ASSERT_TRUE(Between(Size("", Key(8)), 550000, 560000));
+
+ ASSERT_TRUE(Between(Size(Key(3), Key(5)), 110000, 111000));
+
+ dbfull()->TEST_CompactRange(0, NULL, NULL);
+ }
+ } while (ChangeOptions());
+}
+
+TEST(DBTest, IteratorPinsRef) {
+ Put("foo", "hello");
+
+ // Get iterator that will yield the current contents of the DB.
+ Iterator* iter = db_->NewIterator(ReadOptions());
+
+ // Write to force compactions
+ Put("foo", "newvalue1");
+ for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
+ ASSERT_OK(Put(Key(i), Key(i) + std::string(100000, 'v'))); // 100K values
+ }
+ Put("foo", "newvalue2");
+
+ iter->SeekToFirst();
+ ASSERT_TRUE(iter->Valid());
+ ASSERT_EQ("foo", iter->key().ToString());
+ ASSERT_EQ("hello", iter->value().ToString());
+ iter->Next();
+ ASSERT_TRUE(!iter->Valid());
+ delete iter;
+}
+
+TEST(DBTest, Snapshot) {
+ do {
+ Put("foo", "v1");
+ const Snapshot* s1 = db_->GetSnapshot();
+ Put("foo", "v2");
+ const Snapshot* s2 = db_->GetSnapshot();
+ Put("foo", "v3");
+ const Snapshot* s3 = db_->GetSnapshot();
+
+ Put("foo", "v4");
+ ASSERT_EQ("v1", Get("foo", s1));
+ ASSERT_EQ("v2", Get("foo", s2));
+ ASSERT_EQ("v3", Get("foo", s3));
+ ASSERT_EQ("v4", Get("foo"));
+
+ db_->ReleaseSnapshot(s3);
+ ASSERT_EQ("v1", Get("foo", s1));
+ ASSERT_EQ("v2", Get("foo", s2));
+ ASSERT_EQ("v4", Get("foo"));
+
+ db_->ReleaseSnapshot(s1);
+ ASSERT_EQ("v2", Get("foo", s2));
+ ASSERT_EQ("v4", Get("foo"));
+
+ db_->ReleaseSnapshot(s2);
+ ASSERT_EQ("v4", Get("foo"));
+ } while (ChangeOptions());
+}
+
+TEST(DBTest, HiddenValuesAreRemoved) {
+ do {
+ Random rnd(301);
+ FillLevels("a", "z");
+
+ std::string big = RandomString(&rnd, 50000);
+ Put("foo", big);
+ Put("pastfoo", "v");
+ const Snapshot* snapshot = db_->GetSnapshot();
+ Put("foo", "tiny");
+ Put("pastfoo2", "v2"); // Advance sequence number one more
+
+ ASSERT_OK(dbfull()->TEST_CompactMemTable());
+ ASSERT_GT(NumTableFilesAtLevel(0), 0);
+
+ ASSERT_EQ(big, Get("foo", snapshot));
+ ASSERT_TRUE(Between(Size("", "pastfoo"), 50000, 60000));
+ db_->ReleaseSnapshot(snapshot);
+ ASSERT_EQ(AllEntriesFor("foo"), "[ tiny, " + big + " ]");
+ Slice x("x");
+ dbfull()->TEST_CompactRange(0, NULL, &x);
+ ASSERT_EQ(AllEntriesFor("foo"), "[ tiny ]");
+ ASSERT_EQ(NumTableFilesAtLevel(0), 0);
+ ASSERT_GE(NumTableFilesAtLevel(1), 1);
+ dbfull()->TEST_CompactRange(1, NULL, &x);
+ ASSERT_EQ(AllEntriesFor("foo"), "[ tiny ]");
+
+ ASSERT_TRUE(Between(Size("", "pastfoo"), 0, 1000));
+ } while (ChangeOptions());
+}
+
+TEST(DBTest, DeletionMarkers1) {
+ Put("foo", "v1");
+ ASSERT_OK(dbfull()->TEST_CompactMemTable());
+ const int last = config::kMaxMemCompactLevel;
+ ASSERT_EQ(NumTableFilesAtLevel(last), 1); // foo => v1 is now in last level
+
+ // Place a table at level last-1 to prevent merging with preceding mutation
+ Put("a", "begin");
+ Put("z", "end");
+ dbfull()->TEST_CompactMemTable();
+ ASSERT_EQ(NumTableFilesAtLevel(last), 1);
+ ASSERT_EQ(NumTableFilesAtLevel(last-1), 1);
+
+ Delete("foo");
+ Put("foo", "v2");
+ ASSERT_EQ(AllEntriesFor("foo"), "[ v2, DEL, v1 ]");
+ ASSERT_OK(dbfull()->TEST_CompactMemTable()); // Moves to level last-2
+ ASSERT_EQ(AllEntriesFor("foo"), "[ v2, DEL, v1 ]");
+ Slice z("z");
+ dbfull()->TEST_CompactRange(last-2, NULL, &z);
+ // DEL eliminated, but v1 remains because we aren't compacting that level
+ // (DEL can be eliminated because v2 hides v1).
+ ASSERT_EQ(AllEntriesFor("foo"), "[ v2, v1 ]");
+ dbfull()->TEST_CompactRange(last-1, NULL, NULL);
+ // Merging last-1 w/ last, so we are the base level for "foo", so
+ // DEL is removed. (as is v1).
+ ASSERT_EQ(AllEntriesFor("foo"), "[ v2 ]");
+}
+
+TEST(DBTest, DeletionMarkers2) {
+ Put("foo", "v1");
+ ASSERT_OK(dbfull()->TEST_CompactMemTable());
+ const int last = config::kMaxMemCompactLevel;
+ ASSERT_EQ(NumTableFilesAtLevel(last), 1); // foo => v1 is now in last level
+
+ // Place a table at level last-1 to prevent merging with preceding mutation
+ Put("a", "begin");
+ Put("z", "end");
+ dbfull()->TEST_CompactMemTable();
+ ASSERT_EQ(NumTableFilesAtLevel(last), 1);
+ ASSERT_EQ(NumTableFilesAtLevel(last-1), 1);
+
+ Delete("foo");
+ ASSERT_EQ(AllEntriesFor("foo"), "[ DEL, v1 ]");
+ ASSERT_OK(dbfull()->TEST_CompactMemTable()); // Moves to level last-2
+ ASSERT_EQ(AllEntriesFor("foo"), "[ DEL, v1 ]");
+ dbfull()->TEST_CompactRange(last-2, NULL, NULL);
+ // DEL kept: "last" file overlaps
+ ASSERT_EQ(AllEntriesFor("foo"), "[ DEL, v1 ]");
+ dbfull()->TEST_CompactRange(last-1, NULL, NULL);
+ // Merging last-1 w/ last, so we are the base level for "foo", so
+ // DEL is removed. (as is v1).
+ ASSERT_EQ(AllEntriesFor("foo"), "[ ]");
+}
+
+TEST(DBTest, OverlapInLevel0) {
+ do {
+ ASSERT_EQ(config::kMaxMemCompactLevel, 2) << "Fix test to match config";
+
+ // Fill levels 1 and 2 to disable the pushing of new memtables to levels > 0.
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("100", "v100"));
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("999", "v999"));
+ dbfull()->TEST_CompactMemTable();
+ ASSERT_OK(Delete("100"));
+ ASSERT_OK(Delete("999"));
+ dbfull()->TEST_CompactMemTable();
+ ASSERT_EQ("0,1,1", FilesPerLevel());
+
+ // Make files spanning the following ranges in level-0:
+ // files[0] 200 .. 900
+ // files[1] 300 .. 500
+ // Note that files are sorted by smallest key.
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("300", "v300"));
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("500", "v500"));
+ dbfull()->TEST_CompactMemTable();
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("200", "v200"));
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("600", "v600"));
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("900", "v900"));
+ dbfull()->TEST_CompactMemTable();
+ ASSERT_EQ("2,1,1", FilesPerLevel());
+
+ // Compact away the placeholder files we created initially
+ dbfull()->TEST_CompactRange(1, NULL, NULL);
+ dbfull()->TEST_CompactRange(2, NULL, NULL);
+ ASSERT_EQ("2", FilesPerLevel());
+
+ // Do a memtable compaction. Before bug-fix, the compaction would
+ // not detect the overlap with level-0 files and would incorrectly place
+ // the deletion in a deeper level.
+ ASSERT_OK(Delete("600"));
+ dbfull()->TEST_CompactMemTable();
+ ASSERT_EQ("3", FilesPerLevel());
+ ASSERT_EQ("NOT_FOUND", Get("600"));
+ } while (ChangeOptions());
+}
+
+TEST(DBTest, L0_CompactionBug_Issue44_a) {
+ Reopen();
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("b", "v"));
+ Reopen();
+ ASSERT_OK(Delete("b"));
+ ASSERT_OK(Delete("a"));
+ Reopen();
+ ASSERT_OK(Delete("a"));
+ Reopen();
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("a", "v"));
+ Reopen();
+ Reopen();
+ ASSERT_EQ("(a->v)", Contents());
+ env_->SleepForMicroseconds(1000000); // Wait for compaction to finish
+ ASSERT_EQ("(a->v)", Contents());
+}
+
+TEST(DBTest, L0_CompactionBug_Issue44_b) {
+ Reopen();
+ Put("","");
+ Reopen();
+ Delete("e");
+ Put("","");
+ Reopen();
+ Put("c", "cv");
+ Reopen();
+ Put("","");
+ Reopen();
+ Put("","");
+ env_->SleepForMicroseconds(1000000); // Wait for compaction to finish
+ Reopen();
+ Put("d","dv");
+ Reopen();
+ Put("","");
+ Reopen();
+ Delete("d");
+ Delete("b");
+ Reopen();
+ ASSERT_EQ("(->)(c->cv)", Contents());
+ env_->SleepForMicroseconds(1000000); // Wait for compaction to finish
+ ASSERT_EQ("(->)(c->cv)", Contents());
+}
+
+TEST(DBTest, ComparatorCheck) {
+ class NewComparator : public Comparator {
+ public:
+ virtual const char* Name() const { return "leveldb.NewComparator"; }
+ virtual int Compare(const Slice& a, const Slice& b) const {
+ return BytewiseComparator()->Compare(a, b);
+ }
+ virtual void FindShortestSeparator(std::string* s, const Slice& l) const {
+ BytewiseComparator()->FindShortestSeparator(s, l);
+ }
+ virtual void FindShortSuccessor(std::string* key) const {
+ BytewiseComparator()->FindShortSuccessor(key);
+ }
+ };
+ NewComparator cmp;
+ Options new_options = CurrentOptions();
+ new_options.comparator = &cmp;
+ Status s = TryReopen(&new_options);
+ ASSERT_TRUE(!s.ok());
+ ASSERT_TRUE(s.ToString().find("comparator") != std::string::npos)
+ << s.ToString();
+}
+
+TEST(DBTest, CustomComparator) {
+ class NumberComparator : public Comparator {
+ public:
+ virtual const char* Name() const { return "test.NumberComparator"; }
+ virtual int Compare(const Slice& a, const Slice& b) const {
+ return ToNumber(a) - ToNumber(b);
+ }
+ virtual void FindShortestSeparator(std::string* s, const Slice& l) const {
+ ToNumber(*s); // Check format
+ ToNumber(l); // Check format
+ }
+ virtual void FindShortSuccessor(std::string* key) const {
+ ToNumber(*key); // Check format
+ }
+ private:
+ static int ToNumber(const Slice& x) {
+ // Check that there are no extra characters.
+ ASSERT_TRUE(x.size() >= 2 && x[0] == '[' && x[x.size()-1] == ']')
+ << EscapeString(x);
+ int val;
+ char ignored;
+ ASSERT_TRUE(sscanf(x.ToString().c_str(), "[%i]%c", &val, &ignored) == 1)
+ << EscapeString(x);
+ return val;
+ }
+ };
+ NumberComparator cmp;
+ Options new_options = CurrentOptions();
+ new_options.create_if_missing = true;
+ new_options.comparator = &cmp;
+ new_options.filter_policy = NULL; // Cannot use bloom filters
+ new_options.write_buffer_size = 1000; // Compact more often
+ DestroyAndReopen(&new_options);
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("[10]", "ten"));
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("[0x14]", "twenty"));
+ for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
+ ASSERT_EQ("ten", Get("[10]"));
+ ASSERT_EQ("ten", Get("[0xa]"));
+ ASSERT_EQ("twenty", Get("[20]"));
+ ASSERT_EQ("twenty", Get("[0x14]"));
+ ASSERT_EQ("NOT_FOUND", Get("[15]"));
+ ASSERT_EQ("NOT_FOUND", Get("[0xf]"));
+ Compact("[0]", "[9999]");
+ }
+
+ for (int run = 0; run < 2; run++) {
+ for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
+ char buf[100];
+ snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "[%d]", i*10);
+ ASSERT_OK(Put(buf, buf));
+ }
+ Compact("[0]", "[1000000]");
+ }
+}
+
+TEST(DBTest, ManualCompaction) {
+ ASSERT_EQ(config::kMaxMemCompactLevel, 2)
+ << "Need to update this test to match kMaxMemCompactLevel";
+
+ MakeTables(3, "p", "q");
+ ASSERT_EQ("1,1,1", FilesPerLevel());
+
+ // Compaction range falls before files
+ Compact("", "c");
+ ASSERT_EQ("1,1,1", FilesPerLevel());
+
+ // Compaction range falls after files
+ Compact("r", "z");
+ ASSERT_EQ("1,1,1", FilesPerLevel());
+
+ // Compaction range overlaps files
+ Compact("p1", "p9");
+ ASSERT_EQ("0,0,1", FilesPerLevel());
+
+ // Populate a different range
+ MakeTables(3, "c", "e");
+ ASSERT_EQ("1,1,2", FilesPerLevel());
+
+ // Compact just the new range
+ Compact("b", "f");
+ ASSERT_EQ("0,0,2", FilesPerLevel());
+
+ // Compact all
+ MakeTables(1, "a", "z");
+ ASSERT_EQ("0,1,2", FilesPerLevel());
+ db_->CompactRange(NULL, NULL);
+ ASSERT_EQ("0,0,1", FilesPerLevel());
+}
+
+TEST(DBTest, DBOpen_Options) {
+ std::string dbname = test::TmpDir() + "/db_options_test";
+ DestroyDB(dbname, Options());
+
+ // Does not exist, and create_if_missing == false: error
+ DB* db = NULL;
+ Options opts;
+ opts.create_if_missing = false;
+ Status s = DB::Open(opts, dbname, &db);
+ ASSERT_TRUE(strstr(s.ToString().c_str(), "does not exist") != NULL);
+ ASSERT_TRUE(db == NULL);
+
+ // Does not exist, and create_if_missing == true: OK
+ opts.create_if_missing = true;
+ s = DB::Open(opts, dbname, &db);
+ ASSERT_OK(s);
+ ASSERT_TRUE(db != NULL);
+
+ delete db;
+ db = NULL;
+
+ // Does exist, and error_if_exists == true: error
+ opts.create_if_missing = false;
+ opts.error_if_exists = true;
+ s = DB::Open(opts, dbname, &db);
+ ASSERT_TRUE(strstr(s.ToString().c_str(), "exists") != NULL);
+ ASSERT_TRUE(db == NULL);
+
+ // Does exist, and error_if_exists == false: OK
+ opts.create_if_missing = true;
+ opts.error_if_exists = false;
+ s = DB::Open(opts, dbname, &db);
+ ASSERT_OK(s);
+ ASSERT_TRUE(db != NULL);
+
+ delete db;
+ db = NULL;
+}
+
+// Check that number of files does not grow when we are out of space
+TEST(DBTest, NoSpace) {
+ Options options = CurrentOptions();
+ options.env = env_;
+ Reopen(&options);
+
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("foo", "v1"));
+ ASSERT_EQ("v1", Get("foo"));
+ Compact("a", "z");
+ const int num_files = CountFiles();
+ env_->no_space_.Release_Store(env_); // Force out-of-space errors
+ env_->sleep_counter_.Reset();
+ for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+ for (int level = 0; level < config::kNumLevels-1; level++) {
+ dbfull()->TEST_CompactRange(level, NULL, NULL);
+ }
+ }
+ env_->no_space_.Release_Store(NULL);
+ ASSERT_LT(CountFiles(), num_files + 3);
+
+ // Check that compaction attempts slept after errors
+ ASSERT_GE(env_->sleep_counter_.Read(), 5);
+}
+
+TEST(DBTest, NonWritableFileSystem) {
+ Options options = CurrentOptions();
+ options.write_buffer_size = 1000;
+ options.env = env_;
+ Reopen(&options);
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("foo", "v1"));
+ env_->non_writable_.Release_Store(env_); // Force errors for new files
+ std::string big(100000, 'x');
+ int errors = 0;
+ for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "iter %d; errors %d\n", i, errors);
+ if (!Put("foo", big).ok()) {
+ errors++;
+ env_->SleepForMicroseconds(100000);
+ }
+ }
+ ASSERT_GT(errors, 0);
+ env_->non_writable_.Release_Store(NULL);
+}
+
+TEST(DBTest, FilesDeletedAfterCompaction) {
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("foo", "v2"));
+ Compact("a", "z");
+ const int num_files = CountFiles();
+ for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+ ASSERT_OK(Put("foo", "v2"));
+ Compact("a", "z");
+ }
+ ASSERT_EQ(CountFiles(), num_files);
+}
+
+TEST(DBTest, BloomFilter) {
+ env_->count_random_reads_ = true;
+ Options options = CurrentOptions();
+ options.env = env_;
+ options.block_cache = NewLRUCache(0); // Prevent cache hits
+ options.filter_policy = NewBloomFilterPolicy(10);
+ Reopen(&options);
+
+ // Populate multiple layers
+ const int N = 10000;
+ for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+ ASSERT_OK(Put(Key(i), Key(i)));
+ }
+ Compact("a", "z");
+ for (int i = 0; i < N; i += 100) {
+ ASSERT_OK(Put(Key(i), Key(i)));
+ }
+ dbfull()->TEST_CompactMemTable();
+
+ // Prevent auto compactions triggered by seeks
+ env_->delay_sstable_sync_.Release_Store(env_);
+
+ // Lookup present keys. Should rarely read from small sstable.
+ env_->random_read_counter_.Reset();
+ for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+ ASSERT_EQ(Key(i), Get(Key(i)));
+ }
+ int reads = env_->random_read_counter_.Read();
+ fprintf(stderr, "%d present => %d reads\n", N, reads);
+ ASSERT_GE(reads, N);
+ ASSERT_LE(reads, N + 2*N/100);
+
+ // Lookup present keys. Should rarely read from either sstable.
+ env_->random_read_counter_.Reset();
+ for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+ ASSERT_EQ("NOT_FOUND", Get(Key(i) + ".missing"));
+ }
+ reads = env_->random_read_counter_.Read();
+ fprintf(stderr, "%d missing => %d reads\n", N, reads);
+ ASSERT_LE(reads, 3*N/100);
+
+ env_->delay_sstable_sync_.Release_Store(NULL);
+ Close();
+ delete options.block_cache;
+ delete options.filter_policy;
+}
+
+// Multi-threaded test:
+namespace {
+
+static const int kNumThreads = 4;
+static const int kTestSeconds = 10;
+static const int kNumKeys = 1000;
+
+struct MTState {
+ DBTest* test;
+ port::AtomicPointer stop;
+ port::AtomicPointer counter[kNumThreads];
+ port::AtomicPointer thread_done[kNumThreads];
+};
+
+struct MTThread {
+ MTState* state;
+ int id;
+};
+
+static void MTThreadBody(void* arg) {
+ MTThread* t = reinterpret_cast<MTThread*>(arg);
+ int id = t->id;
+ DB* db = t->state->test->db_;
+ uintptr_t counter = 0;
+ fprintf(stderr, "... starting thread %d\n", id);
+ Random rnd(1000 + id);
+ std::string value;
+ char valbuf[1500];
+ while (t->state->stop.Acquire_Load() == NULL) {
+ t->state->counter[id].Release_Store(reinterpret_cast<void*>(counter));
+
+ int key = rnd.Uniform(kNumKeys);
+ char keybuf[20];
+ snprintf(keybuf, sizeof(keybuf), "%016d", key);
+
+ if (rnd.OneIn(2)) {
+ // Write values of the form <key, my id, counter>.
+ // We add some padding for force compactions.
+ snprintf(valbuf, sizeof(valbuf), "%d.%d.%-1000d",
+ key, id, static_cast<int>(counter));
+ ASSERT_OK(db->Put(WriteOptions(), Slice(keybuf), Slice(valbuf)));
+ } else {
+ // Read a value and verify that it matches the pattern written above.
+ Status s = db->Get(ReadOptions(), Slice(keybuf), &value);
+ if (s.IsNotFound()) {
+ // Key has not yet been written
+ } else {
+ // Check that the writer thread counter is >= the counter in the value
+ ASSERT_OK(s);
+ int k, w, c;
+ ASSERT_EQ(3, sscanf(value.c_str(), "%d.%d.%d", &k, &w, &c)) << value;
+ ASSERT_EQ(k, key);
+ ASSERT_GE(w, 0);
+ ASSERT_LT(w, kNumThreads);
+ ASSERT_LE(c, reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(
+ t->state->counter[w].Acquire_Load()));
+ }
+ }
+ counter++;
+ }
+ t->state->thread_done[id].Release_Store(t);
+ fprintf(stderr, "... stopping thread %d after %d ops\n", id, int(counter));
+}
+
+} // namespace
+
+TEST(DBTest, MultiThreaded) {
+ do {
+ // Initialize state
+ MTState mt;
+ mt.test = this;
+ mt.stop.Release_Store(0);
+ for (int id = 0; id < kNumThreads; id++) {
+ mt.counter[id].Release_Store(0);
+ mt.thread_done[id].Release_Store(0);
+ }
+
+ // Start threads
+ MTThread thread[kNumThreads];
+ for (int id = 0; id < kNumThreads; id++) {
+ thread[id].state = &mt;
+ thread[id].id = id;
+ env_->StartThread(MTThreadBody, &thread[id]);
+ }
+
+ // Let them run for a while
+ env_->SleepForMicroseconds(kTestSeconds * 1000000);
+
+ // Stop the threads and wait for them to finish
+ mt.stop.Release_Store(&mt);
+ for (int id = 0; id < kNumThreads; id++) {
+ while (mt.thread_done[id].Acquire_Load() == NULL) {
+ env_->SleepForMicroseconds(100000);
+ }
+ }
+ } while (ChangeOptions());
+}
+
+namespace {
+typedef std::map<std::string, std::string> KVMap;
+}
+
+class ModelDB: public DB {
+ public:
+ class ModelSnapshot : public Snapshot {
+ public:
+ KVMap map_;
+ };
+
+ explicit ModelDB(const Options& options): options_(options) { }
+ ~ModelDB() { }
+ virtual Status Put(const WriteOptions& o, const Slice& k, const Slice& v) {
+ return DB::Put(o, k, v);
+ }
+ virtual Status Delete(const WriteOptions& o, const Slice& key) {
+ return DB::Delete(o, key);
+ }
+ virtual Status Get(const ReadOptions& options,
+ const Slice& key, std::string* value) {
+ assert(false); // Not implemented
+ return Status::NotFound(key);
+ }
+ virtual Iterator* NewIterator(const ReadOptions& options) {
+ if (options.snapshot == NULL) {
+ KVMap* saved = new KVMap;
+ *saved = map_;
+ return new ModelIter(saved, true);
+ } else {
+ const KVMap* snapshot_state =
+ &(reinterpret_cast<const ModelSnapshot*>(options.snapshot)->map_);
+ return new ModelIter(snapshot_state, false);
+ }
+ }
+ virtual const Snapshot* GetSnapshot() {
+ ModelSnapshot* snapshot = new ModelSnapshot;
+ snapshot->map_ = map_;
+ return snapshot;
+ }
+
+ virtual void ReleaseSnapshot(const Snapshot* snapshot) {
+ delete reinterpret_cast<const ModelSnapshot*>(snapshot);
+ }
+ virtual Status Write(const WriteOptions& options, WriteBatch* batch) {
+ class Handler : public WriteBatch::Handler {
+ public:
+ KVMap* map_;
+ virtual void Put(const Slice& key, const Slice& value) {
+ (*map_)[key.ToString()] = value.ToString();
+ }
+ virtual void Delete(const Slice& key) {
+ map_->erase(key.ToString());
+ }
+ };
+ Handler handler;
+ handler.map_ = &map_;
+ return batch->Iterate(&handler);
+ }
+
+ virtual bool GetProperty(const Slice& property, std::string* value) {
+ return false;
+ }
+ virtual void GetApproximateSizes(const Range* r, int n, uint64_t* sizes) {
+ for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+ sizes[i] = 0;
+ }
+ }
+ virtual void CompactRange(const Slice* start, const Slice* end) {
+ }
+
+ private:
+ class ModelIter: public Iterator {
+ public:
+ ModelIter(const KVMap* map, bool owned)
+ : map_(map), owned_(owned), iter_(map_->end()) {
+ }
+ ~ModelIter() {
+ if (owned_) delete map_;
+ }
+ virtual bool Valid() const { return iter_ != map_->end(); }
+ virtual void SeekToFirst() { iter_ = map_->begin(); }
+ virtual void SeekToLast() {
+ if (map_->empty()) {
+ iter_ = map_->end();
+ } else {
+ iter_ = map_->find(map_->rbegin()->first);
+ }
+ }
+ virtual void Seek(const Slice& k) {
+ iter_ = map_->lower_bound(k.ToString());
+ }
+ virtual void Next() { ++iter_; }
+ virtual void Prev() { --iter_; }
+ virtual Slice key() const { return iter_->first; }
+ virtual Slice value() const { return iter_->second; }
+ virtual Status status() const { return Status::OK(); }
+ private:
+ const KVMap* const map_;
+ const bool owned_; // Do we own map_
+ KVMap::const_iterator iter_;
+ };
+ const Options options_;
+ KVMap map_;
+};
+
+static std::string RandomKey(Random* rnd) {
+ int len = (rnd->OneIn(3)
+ ? 1 // Short sometimes to encourage collisions
+ : (rnd->OneIn(100) ? rnd->Skewed(10) : rnd->Uniform(10)));
+ return test::RandomKey(rnd, len);
+}
+
+static bool CompareIterators(int step,
+ DB* model,
+ DB* db,
+ const Snapshot* model_snap,
+ const Snapshot* db_snap) {
+ ReadOptions options;
+ options.snapshot = model_snap;
+ Iterator* miter = model->NewIterator(options);
+ options.snapshot = db_snap;
+ Iterator* dbiter = db->NewIterator(options);
+ bool ok = true;
+ int count = 0;
+ for (miter->SeekToFirst(), dbiter->SeekToFirst();
+ ok && miter->Valid() && dbiter->Valid();
+ miter->Next(), dbiter->Next()) {
+ count++;
+ if (miter->key().compare(dbiter->key()) != 0) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "step %d: Key mismatch: '%s' vs. '%s'\n",
+ step,
+ EscapeString(miter->key()).c_str(),
+ EscapeString(dbiter->key()).c_str());
+ ok = false;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ if (miter->value().compare(dbiter->value()) != 0) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "step %d: Value mismatch for key '%s': '%s' vs. '%s'\n",
+ step,
+ EscapeString(miter->key()).c_str(),
+ EscapeString(miter->value()).c_str(),
+ EscapeString(miter->value()).c_str());
+ ok = false;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (ok) {
+ if (miter->Valid() != dbiter->Valid()) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "step %d: Mismatch at end of iterators: %d vs. %d\n",
+ step, miter->Valid(), dbiter->Valid());
+ ok = false;
+ }
+ }
+ fprintf(stderr, "%d entries compared: ok=%d\n", count, ok);
+ delete miter;
+ delete dbiter;
+ return ok;
+}
+
+TEST(DBTest, Randomized) {
+ Random rnd(test::RandomSeed());
+ do {
+ ModelDB model(CurrentOptions());
+ const int N = 10000;
+ const Snapshot* model_snap = NULL;
+ const Snapshot* db_snap = NULL;
+ std::string k, v;
+ for (int step = 0; step < N; step++) {
+ if (step % 100 == 0) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Step %d of %d\n", step, N);
+ }
+ // TODO(sanjay): Test Get() works
+ int p = rnd.Uniform(100);
+ if (p < 45) { // Put
+ k = RandomKey(&rnd);
+ v = RandomString(&rnd,
+ rnd.OneIn(20)
+ ? 100 + rnd.Uniform(100)
+ : rnd.Uniform(8));
+ ASSERT_OK(model.Put(WriteOptions(), k, v));
+ ASSERT_OK(db_->Put(WriteOptions(), k, v));
+
+ } else if (p < 90) { // Delete
+ k = RandomKey(&rnd);
+ ASSERT_OK(model.Delete(WriteOptions(), k));
+ ASSERT_OK(db_->Delete(WriteOptions(), k));
+
+
+ } else { // Multi-element batch
+ WriteBatch b;
+ const int num = rnd.Uniform(8);
+ for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) {
+ if (i == 0 || !rnd.OneIn(10)) {
+ k = RandomKey(&rnd);
+ } else {
+ // Periodically re-use the same key from the previous iter, so
+ // we have multiple entries in the write batch for the same key
+ }
+ if (rnd.OneIn(2)) {
+ v = RandomString(&rnd, rnd.Uniform(10));
+ b.Put(k, v);
+ } else {
+ b.Delete(k);
+ }
+ }
+ ASSERT_OK(model.Write(WriteOptions(), &b));
+ ASSERT_OK(db_->Write(WriteOptions(), &b));
+ }
+
+ if ((step % 100) == 0) {
+ ASSERT_TRUE(CompareIterators(step, &model, db_, NULL, NULL));
+ ASSERT_TRUE(CompareIterators(step, &model, db_, model_snap, db_snap));
+ // Save a snapshot from each DB this time that we'll use next
+ // time we compare things, to make sure the current state is
+ // preserved with the snapshot
+ if (model_snap != NULL) model.ReleaseSnapshot(model_snap);
+ if (db_snap != NULL) db_->ReleaseSnapshot(db_snap);
+
+ Reopen();
+ ASSERT_TRUE(CompareIterators(step, &model, db_, NULL, NULL));
+
+ model_snap = model.GetSnapshot();
+ db_snap = db_->GetSnapshot();
+ }
+ }
+ if (model_snap != NULL) model.ReleaseSnapshot(model_snap);
+ if (db_snap != NULL) db_->ReleaseSnapshot(db_snap);
+ } while (ChangeOptions());
+}
+
+std::string MakeKey(unsigned int num) {
+ char buf[30];
+ snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%016u", num);
+ return std::string(buf);
+}
+
+void BM_LogAndApply(int iters, int num_base_files) {
+ std::string dbname = test::TmpDir() + "/leveldb_test_benchmark";
+ DestroyDB(dbname, Options());
+
+ DB* db = NULL;
+ Options opts;
+ opts.create_if_missing = true;
+ Status s = DB::Open(opts, dbname, &db);
+ ASSERT_OK(s);
+ ASSERT_TRUE(db != NULL);
+
+ delete db;
+ db = NULL;
+
+ Env* env = Env::Default();
+
+ port::Mutex mu;
+ MutexLock l(&mu);
+
+ InternalKeyComparator cmp(BytewiseComparator());
+ Options options;
+ VersionSet vset(dbname, &options, NULL, &cmp);
+ ASSERT_OK(vset.Recover());
+ VersionEdit vbase;
+ uint64_t fnum = 1;
+ for (int i = 0; i < num_base_files; i++) {
+ InternalKey start(MakeKey(2*fnum), 1, kTypeValue);
+ InternalKey limit(MakeKey(2*fnum+1), 1, kTypeDeletion);
+ vbase.AddFile(2, fnum++, 1 /* file size */, start, limit);
+ }
+ ASSERT_OK(vset.LogAndApply(&vbase, &mu));
+
+ uint64_t start_micros = env->NowMicros();
+
+ for (int i = 0; i < iters; i++) {
+ VersionEdit vedit;
+ vedit.DeleteFile(2, fnum);
+ InternalKey start(MakeKey(2*fnum), 1, kTypeValue);
+ InternalKey limit(MakeKey(2*fnum+1), 1, kTypeDeletion);
+ vedit.AddFile(2, fnum++, 1 /* file size */, start, limit);
+ vset.LogAndApply(&vedit, &mu);
+ }
+ uint64_t stop_micros = env->NowMicros();
+ unsigned int us = stop_micros - start_micros;
+ char buf[16];
+ snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d", num_base_files);
+ fprintf(stderr,
+ "BM_LogAndApply/%-6s %8d iters : %9u us (%7.0f us / iter)\n",
+ buf, iters, us, ((float)us) / iters);
+}
+
+} // namespace leveldb
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv) {
+ if (argc > 1 && std::string(argv[1]) == "--benchmark") {
+ leveldb::BM_LogAndApply(1000, 1);
+ leveldb::BM_LogAndApply(1000, 100);
+ leveldb::BM_LogAndApply(1000, 10000);
+ leveldb::BM_LogAndApply(100, 100000);
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ return leveldb::test::RunAllTests();
+}
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