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diff --git a/doc/gitian-building.md b/doc/gitian-building.md index 9f9afaf04f..3a48f4a0b3 100644 --- a/doc/gitian-building.md +++ b/doc/gitian-building.md @@ -1,480 +1,4 @@ Gitian building ================ -*Setup instructions for a Gitian build of Bitcoin Core using a Debian VM or physical system.* - -Gitian is the deterministic build process that is used to build the Bitcoin -Core executables. It provides a way to be reasonably sure that the -executables are really built from the source on GitHub. It also makes sure that -the same, tested dependencies are used and statically built into the executable. - -Multiple developers build the source code by following a specific descriptor -("recipe"), cryptographically sign the result, and upload the resulting signature. -These results are compared and only if they match, the build is accepted and uploaded -to bitcoin.org. - -More independent Gitian builders are needed, which is why this guide exists. -It is preferred you follow these steps yourself instead of using someone else's -VM image to avoid 'contaminating' the build. - -Table of Contents ------------------- - -- [Create a new VirtualBox VM](#create-a-new-virtualbox-vm) -- [Connecting to the VM](#connecting-to-the-vm) -- [Setting up Debian for Gitian building](#setting-up-debian-for-gitian-building) -- [Installing Gitian](#installing-gitian) -- [Setting up the Gitian image](#setting-up-the-gitian-image) -- [Getting and building the inputs](#getting-and-building-the-inputs) -- [Building Bitcoin Core](#building-bitcoin-core) -- [Building an alternative repository](#building-an-alternative-repository) -- [Signing externally](#signing-externally) -- [Uploading signatures](#uploading-signatures) - -Preparing the Gitian builder host ---------------------------------- - -The first step is to prepare the host environment that will be used to perform the Gitian builds. -This guide explains how to set up the environment, and how to start the builds. - -Debian Linux was chosen as the host distribution because it has a lightweight install (in contrast to Ubuntu) and is readily available. -Any kind of virtualization can be used, for example: -- [VirtualBox](https://www.virtualbox.org/) (covered by this guide) -- [KVM](http://www.linux-kvm.org/page/Main_Page) -- [LXC](https://linuxcontainers.org/), see also [Gitian host docker container](https://github.com/gdm85/tenku/tree/master/docker/gitian-bitcoin-host/README.md). - -You can also install Gitian on actual hardware instead of using virtualization. - -Create a new VirtualBox VM ---------------------------- -In the VirtualBox GUI click "New" and choose the following parameters in the wizard: - - - -- Type: Linux, Debian (64-bit) - - - -- Memory Size: at least 3000MB, anything less and the build might not complete. - - - -- Hard Disk: Create a virtual hard disk now - - - -- Hard Disk file type: Use the default, VDI (VirtualBox Disk Image) - - - -- Storage on physical hard disk: Dynamically Allocated - - - -- File location and size: at least 40GB; as low as 20GB *may* be possible, but better to err on the safe side -- Click `Create` - -After creating the VM, we need to configure it. - -- Click the `Settings` button, then go to the `Network` tab. Adapter 1 should be attached to `NAT`. - - - -- Click `Advanced`, then `Port Forwarding`. We want to set up a port through which we can reach the VM to get files in and out. -- Create a new rule by clicking the plus icon. - - - -- Set up the new rule the following way: - - Name: `SSH` - - Protocol: `TCP` - - Leave Host IP empty - - Host Port: `22222` - - Leave Guest IP empty - - Guest Port: `22` - -- Click `Ok` twice to save. - -Get the [Debian 8.x net installer](http://cdimage.debian.org/mirror/cdimage/archive/8.5.0/amd64/iso-cd/debian-8.5.0-amd64-netinst.iso) (a more recent minor version should also work, see also [Debian Network installation](https://www.debian.org/CD/netinst/)). -This DVD image can be [validated](https://www.debian.org/CD/verify) using a SHA256 hashing tool, for example on -Unixy OSes by entering the following in a terminal: - - echo "ad4e8c27c561ad8248d5ebc1d36eb172f884057bfeb2c22ead823f59fa8c3dff debian-8.5.0-amd64-netinst.iso" | sha256sum -c - # (must return OK) - -Then start the VM. On the first launch you will be asked for a CD or DVD image. Choose the downloaded ISO. - - - -Installing Debian ------------------- - -This section will explain how to install Debian on the newly created VM. - -- Choose the non-graphical installer. We do not need the graphical environment; it will only increase installation time and disk usage. - - - -**Note**: Navigating in the Debian installer: -To keep a setting at the default and proceed, just press `Enter`. -To select a different button, press `Tab`. - -- Choose locale and keyboard settings (doesn't matter, you can just go with the defaults or select your own information) - - - - - -- The VM will detect network settings using DHCP, this should all proceed automatically -- Configure the network: - - Hostname `debian`. - - Leave domain name empty. - - - - -- Choose a root password and enter it twice (remember it for later) - - - -- Name the new user `debian` (the full name doesn't matter, you can leave it empty) -- Set the account username as `debian` - - - - -- Choose a user password and enter it twice (remember it for later) - - - -- The installer will set up the clock using a time server; this process should be automatic -- Set up the clock: choose a time zone (depends on the locale settings that you picked earlier; specifics don't matter) - - - -- Disk setup - - Partitioning method: Guided - Use the entire disk - - - - - Select disk to partition: SCSI1 (0,0,0) - - - - - Partition Disks -> *All files in one partition* - - - - - Finish partitioning and write changes to disk -> *Yes* (`Tab`, `Enter` to select the `Yes` button) - - - - -- The base system will be installed, this will take a minute or so -- Choose a mirror (any will do) - - - -- Enter proxy information (unless you are on an intranet, leave this empty) - - - -- Wait a bit while 'Select and install software' runs -- Participate in popularity contest -> *No* -- Choose software to install. We need just the base system. -- Make sure only 'SSH server' and 'Standard System Utilities' are checked -- Uncheck 'Debian Desktop Environment' and 'Print Server' - - - -- Install the GRUB boot loader to the master boot record? -> Yes - - - -- Device for boot loader installation -> ata-VBOX_HARDDISK - - - -- Installation Complete -> *Continue* -- After installation, the VM will reboot and you will have a working Debian VM. Congratulations! - - - - -After Installation -------------------- -The next step in the guide involves logging in as root via SSH. -SSH login for root users is disabled by default, so we'll enable that now. - -Login to the VM using username `root` and the root password you chose earlier. -You'll be presented with a screen similar to this. - - - -Type: - -``` -sed -i 's/^PermitRootLogin.*/PermitRootLogin yes/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config -``` -and press enter. Then, -``` -/etc/init.d/ssh restart -``` -and enter to restart SSH. Logout by typing 'logout' and pressing 'enter'. - -Connecting to the VM ----------------------- - -After the VM has booted you can connect to it using SSH, and files can be copied from and to the VM using a SFTP utility. -Connect to `localhost`, port `22222` (or the port configured when installing the VM). -On Windows you can use [putty](http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/download.html) and [WinSCP](http://winscp.net/eng/index.php). - -For example, to connect as `root` from a Linux command prompt use - - $ ssh root@localhost -p 22222 - The authenticity of host '[localhost]:22222 ([127.0.0.1]:22222)' can't be established. - RSA key fingerprint is ae:f5:c8:9f:17:c6:c7:1b:c2:1b:12:31:1d:bb:d0:c7. - Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes - Warning: Permanently added '[localhost]:22222' (RSA) to the list of known hosts. - root@localhost's password: (enter root password configured during install) - - The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software; - the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the - individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright. - - Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent - permitted by applicable law. - root@debian:~# - -Replace `root` with `debian` to log in as user. - -Setting up Debian for Gitian building --------------------------------------- - -In this section we will be setting up the Debian installation for Gitian building. - -First we need to log in as `root` to set up dependencies and make sure that our -user can use the sudo command. Type/paste the following in the terminal: - -```bash -apt-get install git ruby sudo apt-cacher-ng qemu-utils debootstrap lxc python-cheetah parted kpartx bridge-utils make ubuntu-archive-keyring curl -adduser debian sudo -``` - -Then set up LXC and the rest with the following, which is a complex jumble of settings and workarounds: - -```bash -# the version of lxc-start in Debian needs to run as root, so make sure -# that the build script can execute it without providing a password -echo "%sudo ALL=NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/lxc-start" > /etc/sudoers.d/gitian-lxc -echo "%sudo ALL=NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/lxc-execute" >> /etc/sudoers.d/gitian-lxc -# make /etc/rc.local script that sets up bridge between guest and host -echo '#!/bin/sh -e' > /etc/rc.local -echo 'brctl addbr br0' >> /etc/rc.local -echo 'ifconfig br0 10.0.3.2/24 up' >> /etc/rc.local -echo 'iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE' >> /etc/rc.local -echo 'echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward' >> /etc/rc.local -echo 'exit 0' >> /etc/rc.local -# make sure that USE_LXC is always set when logging in as debian, -# and configure LXC IP addresses -echo 'export USE_LXC=1' >> /home/debian/.profile -echo 'export GITIAN_HOST_IP=10.0.3.2' >> /home/debian/.profile -echo 'export LXC_GUEST_IP=10.0.3.5' >> /home/debian/.profile -reboot -``` - -At the end the VM is rebooted to make sure that the changes take effect. The steps in this -section only need to be performed once. - -Installing Gitian ------------------- - -Re-login as the user `debian` that was created during installation. -The rest of the steps in this guide will be performed as that user. - -There is no `python-vm-builder` package in Debian, so we need to install it from source ourselves, - -```bash -wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/v/vm-builder/vm-builder_0.12.4+bzr494.orig.tar.gz -echo "76cbf8c52c391160b2641e7120dbade5afded713afaa6032f733a261f13e6a8e vm-builder_0.12.4+bzr494.orig.tar.gz" | sha256sum -c -# (verification -- must return OK) -tar -zxvf vm-builder_0.12.4+bzr494.orig.tar.gz -cd vm-builder-0.12.4+bzr494 -sudo python setup.py install -cd .. -``` - -**Note**: When sudo asks for a password, enter the password for the user *debian* not for *root*. - -Clone the git repositories for bitcoin and Gitian. - -```bash -git clone https://github.com/devrandom/gitian-builder.git -git clone https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin -git clone https://github.com/bitcoin-core/gitian.sigs.git -``` - -Setting up the Gitian image -------------------------- - -Gitian needs a virtual image of the operating system to build in. -Currently this is Ubuntu Trusty x86_64. -This image will be copied and used every time that a build is started to -make sure that the build is deterministic. -Creating the image will take a while, but only has to be done once. - -Execute the following as user `debian`: - -```bash -cd gitian-builder -bin/make-base-vm --lxc --arch amd64 --suite trusty -``` - -There will be a lot of warnings printed during the build of the image. These can be ignored. - -**Note**: When sudo asks for a password, enter the password for the user *debian* not for *root*. - -Getting and building the inputs --------------------------------- - -At this point you have two options, you can either use the automated script (found in [contrib/gitian-build.sh](/contrib/gitian-build.sh)) or you could manually do everything by following this guide. If you're using the automated script, then run it with the "--setup" command. Afterwards, run it with the "--build" command (example: "contrib/gitian-build.sh -b signer 0.13.0"). Otherwise ignore this. - -Follow the instructions in [doc/release-process.md](release-process.md#fetch-and-create-inputs-first-time-or-when-dependency-versions-change) -in the bitcoin repository under 'Fetch and create inputs' to install sources which require -manual intervention. Also optionally follow the next step: 'Seed the Gitian sources cache -and offline git repositories' which will fetch the remaining files required for building -offline. - -Building Bitcoin Core ----------------- - -To build Bitcoin Core (for Linux, OS X and Windows) just follow the steps under 'perform -Gitian builds' in [doc/release-process.md](release-process.md#perform-gitian-builds) in the bitcoin repository. - -This may take some time as it will build all the dependencies needed for each descriptor. -These dependencies will be cached after a successful build to avoid rebuilding them when possible. - -At any time you can check the package installation and build progress with - -```bash -tail -f var/install.log -tail -f var/build.log -``` - -Output from `gbuild` will look something like - - Initialized empty Git repository in /home/debian/gitian-builder/inputs/bitcoin/.git/ - remote: Counting objects: 57959, done. - remote: Total 57959 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 57958 - Receiving objects: 100% (57959/57959), 53.76 MiB | 484.00 KiB/s, done. - Resolving deltas: 100% (41590/41590), done. - From https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin - ... (new tags, new branch etc) - --- Building for trusty amd64 --- - Stopping target if it is up - Making a new image copy - stdin: is not a tty - Starting target - Checking if target is up - Preparing build environment - Updating apt-get repository (log in var/install.log) - Installing additional packages (log in var/install.log) - Grabbing package manifest - stdin: is not a tty - Creating build script (var/build-script) - lxc-start: Connection refused - inotify event with no name (mask 32768) - Running build script (log in var/build.log) - -Building an alternative repository ------------------------------------ - -If you want to do a test build of a pull on GitHub it can be useful to point -the Gitian builder at an alternative repository, using the same descriptors -and inputs. - -For example: -```bash -URL=https://github.com/laanwj/bitcoin.git -COMMIT=2014_03_windows_unicode_path -./bin/gbuild --commit bitcoin=${COMMIT} --url bitcoin=${URL} ../bitcoin/contrib/gitian-descriptors/gitian-linux.yml -./bin/gbuild --commit bitcoin=${COMMIT} --url bitcoin=${URL} ../bitcoin/contrib/gitian-descriptors/gitian-win.yml -./bin/gbuild --commit bitcoin=${COMMIT} --url bitcoin=${URL} ../bitcoin/contrib/gitian-descriptors/gitian-osx.yml -``` - -Building fully offline ------------------------ - -For building fully offline including attaching signatures to unsigned builds, the detached-sigs repository -and the bitcoin git repository with the desired tag must both be available locally, and then gbuild must be -told where to find them. It also requires an apt-cacher-ng which is fully-populated but set to offline mode, or -manually disabling gitian-builder's use of apt-get to update the VM build environment. - -To configure apt-cacher-ng as an offline cacher, you will need to first populate its cache with the relevant -files. You must additionally patch target-bin/bootstrap-fixup to set its apt sources to something other than -plain archive.ubuntu.com: us.archive.ubuntu.com works. - -So, if you use LXC: - -```bash -export PATH="$PATH":/path/to/gitian-builder/libexec -export USE_LXC=1 -cd /path/to/gitian-builder -./libexec/make-clean-vm --suite trusty --arch amd64 - -LXC_ARCH=amd64 LXC_SUITE=trusty on-target -u root apt-get update -LXC_ARCH=amd64 LXC_SUITE=trusty on-target -u root \ - -e DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get --no-install-recommends -y install \ - $( sed -ne '/^packages:/,/[^-] .*/ {/^- .*/{s/"//g;s/- //;p}}' ../bitcoin/contrib/gitian-descriptors/*|sort|uniq ) -LXC_ARCH=amd64 LXC_SUITE=trusty on-target -u root apt-get -q -y purge grub -LXC_ARCH=amd64 LXC_SUITE=trusty on-target -u root -e DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get -y dist-upgrade -``` - -And then set offline mode for apt-cacher-ng: - -``` -/etc/apt-cacher-ng/acng.conf -[...] -Offlinemode: 1 -[...] - -service apt-cacher-ng restart -``` - -Then when building, override the remote URLs that gbuild would otherwise pull from the Gitian descriptors:: -```bash - -cd /some/root/path/ -git clone https://github.com/bitcoin-core/bitcoin-detached-sigs.git - -BTCPATH=/some/root/path/bitcoin -SIGPATH=/some/root/path/bitcoin-detached-sigs - -./bin/gbuild --url bitcoin=${BTCPATH},signature=${SIGPATH} ../bitcoin/contrib/gitian-descriptors/gitian-win-signer.yml -``` - -Signing externally -------------------- - -If you want to do the PGP signing on another device, that's also possible; just define `SIGNER` as mentioned -and follow the steps in the build process as normal. - - gpg: skipped "laanwj": secret key not available - -When you execute `gsign` you will get an error from GPG, which can be ignored. Copy the resulting `.assert` files -in `gitian.sigs` to your signing machine and do - -```bash - gpg --detach-sign ${VERSION}-linux/${SIGNER}/bitcoin-linux-build.assert - gpg --detach-sign ${VERSION}-win/${SIGNER}/bitcoin-win-build.assert - gpg --detach-sign ${VERSION}-osx-unsigned/${SIGNER}/bitcoin-osx-build.assert -``` - -This will create the `.sig` files that can be committed together with the `.assert` files to assert your -Gitian build. - -Uploading signatures ---------------------- - -After building and signing you can push your signatures (both the `.assert` and `.assert.sig` files) to the -[bitcoin-core/gitian.sigs](https://github.com/bitcoin-core/gitian.sigs/) repository, or if that's not possible create a pull -request. You can also mail the files to Wladimir (laanwj@gmail.com) and he will commit them. +This file was moved to [the Bitcoin Core documentation repository](https://github.com/bitcoin-core/docs/blob/master/gitian-building.md) at [https://github.com/bitcoin-core/docs](https://github.com/bitcoin-core/docs). |