Return void instead of bool for functions that cannot fail

* CBlockTreeDB::ReadReindexing(...)
* CChainState::ResetBlockFailureFlags(...)
* CTxMemPool::addUnchecked(...)
* CWallet::LoadDestData(...)
* CWallet::LoadKeyMetadata(...)
* CWallet::LoadScriptMetadata(...)
* CWallet::LoadToWallet(...)
* CWallet::SetHDChain(...)
* CWallet::SetHDSeed(...)
* RemoveLocal(...)
* SetMinVersion(...)
* StartHTTPServer(...)
* StartRPC(...)
* TorControlConnection::Disconnect(...)

17 files changed, 41 insertions, 74 deletions

diff --git a/src/httpserver.cpp b/src/httpserver.cpp
index bd08b04c0f..3a3a26b7db 100644
--- a/src/httpserver.cpp
+++ b/src/httpserver.cpp
@@ -423,7 +423,7 @@ std::thread threadHTTP;
 std::future<bool> threadResult;
 static std::vector<std::thread> g_thread_http_workers;
 
-bool StartHTTPServer()
+void StartHTTPServer()
 {
     LogPrint(BCLog::HTTP, "Starting HTTP server\n");
     int rpcThreads = std::max((long)gArgs.GetArg("-rpcthreads", DEFAULT_HTTP_THREADS), 1L);
@@ -435,7 +435,6 @@ bool StartHTTPServer()
     for (int i = 0; i < rpcThreads; i++) {
         g_thread_http_workers.emplace_back(HTTPWorkQueueRun, workQueue);
     }
-    return true;
 }
 
 void InterruptHTTPServer()
diff --git a/src/httpserver.h b/src/httpserver.h
index 8132c887b5..8a3adaf91f 100644
--- a/src/httpserver.h
+++ b/src/httpserver.h
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ bool InitHTTPServer();
  * This is separate from InitHTTPServer to give users race-condition-free time
  * to register their handlers between InitHTTPServer and StartHTTPServer.
  */
-bool StartHTTPServer();
+void StartHTTPServer();
 /** Interrupt HTTP server threads */
 void InterruptHTTPServer();
 /** Stop HTTP server */
diff --git a/src/init.cpp b/src/init.cpp
index c7ea40817d..36b094df07 100644
--- a/src/init.cpp
+++ b/src/init.cpp
@@ -731,14 +731,12 @@ static bool AppInitServers()
     RPCServer::OnStopped(&OnRPCStopped);
     if (!InitHTTPServer())
         return false;
-    if (!StartRPC())
-        return false;
+    StartRPC();
     if (!StartHTTPRPC())
         return false;
     if (gArgs.GetBoolArg("-rest", DEFAULT_REST_ENABLE) && !StartREST())
         return false;
-    if (!StartHTTPServer())
-        return false;
+    StartHTTPServer();
     return true;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/net.cpp b/src/net.cpp
index 67a73fa9fc..0ebfefa757 100644
--- a/src/net.cpp
+++ b/src/net.cpp
@@ -235,12 +235,11 @@ bool AddLocal(const CNetAddr &addr, int nScore)
     return AddLocal(CService(addr, GetListenPort()), nScore);
 }
 
-bool RemoveLocal(const CService& addr)
+void RemoveLocal(const CService& addr)
 {
     LOCK(cs_mapLocalHost);
     LogPrintf("RemoveLocal(%s)\n", addr.ToString());
     mapLocalHost.erase(addr);
-    return true;
 }
 
 /** Make a particular network entirely off-limits (no automatic connects to it) */
diff --git a/src/net.h b/src/net.h
index 607b2fc53c..36c2a4b8f5 100644
--- a/src/net.h
+++ b/src/net.h
@@ -505,7 +505,7 @@ bool IsLimited(enum Network net);
 bool IsLimited(const CNetAddr& addr);
 bool AddLocal(const CService& addr, int nScore = LOCAL_NONE);
 bool AddLocal(const CNetAddr& addr, int nScore = LOCAL_NONE);
-bool RemoveLocal(const CService& addr);
+void RemoveLocal(const CService& addr);
 bool SeenLocal(const CService& addr);
 bool IsLocal(const CService& addr);
 bool GetLocal(CService &addr, const CNetAddr *paddrPeer = nullptr);
diff --git a/src/rpc/server.cpp b/src/rpc/server.cpp
index b420e9d8b3..e46bf2f765 100644
--- a/src/rpc/server.cpp
+++ b/src/rpc/server.cpp
@@ -301,12 +301,11 @@ bool CRPCTable::appendCommand(const std::string& name, const CRPCCommand* pcmd)
     return true;
 }
 
-bool StartRPC()
+void StartRPC()
 {
     LogPrint(BCLog::RPC, "Starting RPC\n");
     fRPCRunning = true;
     g_rpcSignals.Started();
-    return true;
 }
 
 void InterruptRPC()
diff --git a/src/rpc/server.h b/src/rpc/server.h
index 373914885c..a9dbfbd21f 100644
--- a/src/rpc/server.h
+++ b/src/rpc/server.h
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ extern CAmount AmountFromValue(const UniValue& value);
 extern std::string HelpExampleCli(const std::string& methodname, const std::string& args);
 extern std::string HelpExampleRpc(const std::string& methodname, const std::string& args);
 
-bool StartRPC();
+void StartRPC();
 void InterruptRPC();
 void StopRPC();
 std::string JSONRPCExecBatch(const JSONRPCRequest& jreq, const UniValue& vReq);
diff --git a/src/torcontrol.cpp b/src/torcontrol.cpp
index 1f42ab8fa8..fbc193c2cf 100644
--- a/src/torcontrol.cpp
+++ b/src/torcontrol.cpp
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ public:
     /**
      * Disconnect from Tor control port.
      */
-    bool Disconnect();
+    void Disconnect();
 
     /** Send a command, register a handler for the reply.
      * A trailing CRLF is automatically added.
@@ -223,12 +223,11 @@ bool TorControlConnection::Connect(const std::string &target, const ConnectionCB
     return true;
 }
 
-bool TorControlConnection::Disconnect()
+void TorControlConnection::Disconnect()
 {
     if (b_conn)
         bufferevent_free(b_conn);
     b_conn = nullptr;
-    return true;
 }
 
 bool TorControlConnection::Command(const std::string &cmd, const ReplyHandlerCB& reply_handler)
diff --git a/src/txdb.cpp b/src/txdb.cpp
index 1fc7919442..cbea550739 100644
--- a/src/txdb.cpp
+++ b/src/txdb.cpp
@@ -160,9 +160,8 @@ bool CBlockTreeDB::WriteReindexing(bool fReindexing) {
         return Erase(DB_REINDEX_FLAG);
 }
 
-bool CBlockTreeDB::ReadReindexing(bool &fReindexing) {
+void CBlockTreeDB::ReadReindexing(bool &fReindexing) {
     fReindexing = Exists(DB_REINDEX_FLAG);
-    return true;
 }
 
 bool CBlockTreeDB::ReadLastBlockFile(int &nFile) {
diff --git a/src/txdb.h b/src/txdb.h
index 100adb428d..84011097ce 100644
--- a/src/txdb.h
+++ b/src/txdb.h
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ public:
     bool ReadBlockFileInfo(int nFile, CBlockFileInfo &info);
     bool ReadLastBlockFile(int &nFile);
     bool WriteReindexing(bool fReindexing);
-    bool ReadReindexing(bool &fReindexing);
+    void ReadReindexing(bool &fReindexing);
     bool WriteFlag(const std::string &name, bool fValue);
     bool ReadFlag(const std::string &name, bool &fValue);
     bool LoadBlockIndexGuts(const Consensus::Params& consensusParams, std::function<CBlockIndex*(const uint256&)> insertBlockIndex);
diff --git a/src/txmempool.cpp b/src/txmempool.cpp
index 2108e6ba2d..9d705e3d23 100644
--- a/src/txmempool.cpp
+++ b/src/txmempool.cpp
@@ -357,7 +357,7 @@ void CTxMemPool::AddTransactionsUpdated(unsigned int n)
     nTransactionsUpdated += n;
 }
 
-bool CTxMemPool::addUnchecked(const uint256& hash, const CTxMemPoolEntry &entry, setEntries &setAncestors, bool validFeeEstimate)
+void CTxMemPool::addUnchecked(const uint256& hash, const CTxMemPoolEntry &entry, setEntries &setAncestors, bool validFeeEstimate)
 {
     NotifyEntryAdded(entry.GetSharedTx());
     // Add to memory pool without checking anything.
@@ -412,8 +412,6 @@ bool CTxMemPool::addUnchecked(const uint256& hash, const CTxMemPoolEntry &entry,
 
     vTxHashes.emplace_back(tx.GetWitnessHash(), newit);
     newit->vTxHashesIdx = vTxHashes.size() - 1;
-
-    return true;
 }
 
 void CTxMemPool::removeUnchecked(txiter it, MemPoolRemovalReason reason)
@@ -933,7 +931,7 @@ int CTxMemPool::Expire(int64_t time) {
     return stage.size();
 }
 
-bool CTxMemPool::addUnchecked(const uint256&hash, const CTxMemPoolEntry &entry, bool validFeeEstimate)
+void CTxMemPool::addUnchecked(const uint256&hash, const CTxMemPoolEntry &entry, bool validFeeEstimate)
 {
     LOCK(cs);
     setEntries setAncestors;
diff --git a/src/txmempool.h b/src/txmempool.h
index f3b8a68a9d..bb676cf05d 100644
--- a/src/txmempool.h
+++ b/src/txmempool.h
@@ -539,8 +539,8 @@ public:
     // Note that addUnchecked is ONLY called from ATMP outside of tests
     // and any other callers may break wallet's in-mempool tracking (due to
     // lack of CValidationInterface::TransactionAddedToMempool callbacks).
-    bool addUnchecked(const uint256& hash, const CTxMemPoolEntry &entry, bool validFeeEstimate = true);
-    bool addUnchecked(const uint256& hash, const CTxMemPoolEntry &entry, setEntries &setAncestors, bool validFeeEstimate = true);
+    void addUnchecked(const uint256& hash, const CTxMemPoolEntry &entry, bool validFeeEstimate = true);
+    void addUnchecked(const uint256& hash, const CTxMemPoolEntry &entry, setEntries &setAncestors, bool validFeeEstimate = true);
 
     void removeRecursive(const CTransaction &tx, MemPoolRemovalReason reason = MemPoolRemovalReason::UNKNOWN);
     void removeForReorg(const CCoinsViewCache *pcoins, unsigned int nMemPoolHeight, int flags);
diff --git a/src/validation.cpp b/src/validation.cpp
index f1b63b5b44..702a8d7e05 100644
--- a/src/validation.cpp
+++ b/src/validation.cpp
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ public:
     // Manual block validity manipulation:
     bool PreciousBlock(CValidationState& state, const CChainParams& params, CBlockIndex* pindex) LOCKS_EXCLUDED(cs_main);
     bool InvalidateBlock(CValidationState& state, const CChainParams& chainparams, CBlockIndex* pindex) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
-    bool ResetBlockFailureFlags(CBlockIndex* pindex) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
+    void ResetBlockFailureFlags(CBlockIndex* pindex) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
 
     bool ReplayBlocks(const CChainParams& params, CCoinsView* view);
     bool RewindBlockIndex(const CChainParams& params);
@@ -2882,7 +2882,7 @@ bool InvalidateBlock(CValidationState& state, const CChainParams& chainparams, C
     return g_chainstate.InvalidateBlock(state, chainparams, pindex);
 }
 
-bool CChainState::ResetBlockFailureFlags(CBlockIndex *pindex) {
+void CChainState::ResetBlockFailureFlags(CBlockIndex *pindex) {
     AssertLockHeld(cs_main);
 
     int nHeight = pindex->nHeight;
@@ -2914,9 +2914,9 @@ bool CChainState::ResetBlockFailureFlags(CBlockIndex *pindex) {
         }
         pindex = pindex->pprev;
     }
-    return true;
 }
-bool ResetBlockFailureFlags(CBlockIndex *pindex) {
+
+void ResetBlockFailureFlags(CBlockIndex *pindex) {
     return g_chainstate.ResetBlockFailureFlags(pindex);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/validation.h b/src/validation.h
index 1aff10f025..ce46a5a782 100644
--- a/src/validation.h
+++ b/src/validation.h
@@ -449,7 +449,7 @@ bool PreciousBlock(CValidationState& state, const CChainParams& params, CBlockIn
 bool InvalidateBlock(CValidationState& state, const CChainParams& chainparams, CBlockIndex* pindex) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
 
 /** Remove invalidity status from a block and its descendants. */
-bool ResetBlockFailureFlags(CBlockIndex* pindex) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
+void ResetBlockFailureFlags(CBlockIndex* pindex) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
 
 /** The currently-connected chain of blocks (protected by cs_main). */
 extern CChain& chainActive;
diff --git a/src/wallet/wallet.cpp b/src/wallet/wallet.cpp
index 3ec6aefaec..15139c9817 100644
--- a/src/wallet/wallet.cpp
+++ b/src/wallet/wallet.cpp
@@ -304,20 +304,18 @@ bool CWallet::AddCryptedKey(const CPubKey &vchPubKey,
     }
 }
 
-bool CWallet::LoadKeyMetadata(const CKeyID& keyID, const CKeyMetadata &meta)
+void CWallet::LoadKeyMetadata(const CKeyID& keyID, const CKeyMetadata &meta)
 {
     AssertLockHeld(cs_wallet); // mapKeyMetadata
     UpdateTimeFirstKey(meta.nCreateTime);
     mapKeyMetadata[keyID] = meta;
-    return true;
 }
 
-bool CWallet::LoadScriptMetadata(const CScriptID& script_id, const CKeyMetadata &meta)
+void CWallet::LoadScriptMetadata(const CScriptID& script_id, const CKeyMetadata &meta)
 {
     AssertLockHeld(cs_wallet); // m_script_metadata
     UpdateTimeFirstKey(meta.nCreateTime);
     m_script_metadata[script_id] = meta;
-    return true;
 }
 
 bool CWallet::LoadCryptedKey(const CPubKey &vchPubKey, const std::vector<unsigned char> &vchCryptedSecret)
@@ -470,11 +468,11 @@ void CWallet::ChainStateFlushed(const CBlockLocator& loc)
     batch.WriteBestBlock(loc);
 }
 
-bool CWallet::SetMinVersion(enum WalletFeature nVersion, WalletBatch* batch_in, bool fExplicit)
+void CWallet::SetMinVersion(enum WalletFeature nVersion, WalletBatch* batch_in, bool fExplicit)
 {
     LOCK(cs_wallet); // nWalletVersion
     if (nWalletVersion >= nVersion)
-        return true;
+        return;
 
     // when doing an explicit upgrade, if we pass the max version permitted, upgrade all the way
     if (fExplicit && nVersion > nWalletMaxVersion)
@@ -492,8 +490,6 @@ bool CWallet::SetMinVersion(enum WalletFeature nVersion, WalletBatch* batch_in,
         if (!batch_in)
             delete batch;
     }
-
-    return true;
 }
 
 bool CWallet::SetMaxVersion(int nVersion)
@@ -703,9 +699,7 @@ bool CWallet::EncryptWallet(const SecureString& strWalletPassphrase)
 
         // if we are using HD, replace the HD seed with a new one
         if (IsHDEnabled()) {
-            if (!SetHDSeed(GenerateNewSeed())) {
-                return false;
-            }
+            SetHDSeed(GenerateNewSeed());
         }
 
         NewKeyPool();
@@ -1006,7 +1000,7 @@ bool CWallet::AddToWallet(const CWalletTx& wtxIn, bool fFlushOnClose)
     return true;
 }
 
-bool CWallet::LoadToWallet(const CWalletTx& wtxIn)
+void CWallet::LoadToWallet(const CWalletTx& wtxIn)
 {
     uint256 hash = wtxIn.GetHash();
     const auto& ins = mapWallet.emplace(hash, wtxIn);
@@ -1025,8 +1019,6 @@ bool CWallet::LoadToWallet(const CWalletTx& wtxIn)
             }
         }
     }
-
-    return true;
 }
 
 bool CWallet::AddToWalletIfInvolvingMe(const CTransactionRef& ptx, const CBlockIndex* pIndex, int posInBlock, bool fUpdate)
@@ -1478,7 +1470,7 @@ CPubKey CWallet::DeriveNewSeed(const CKey& key)
     return seed;
 }
 
-bool CWallet::SetHDSeed(const CPubKey& seed)
+void CWallet::SetHDSeed(const CPubKey& seed)
 {
     LOCK(cs_wallet);
     // store the keyid (hash160) together with
@@ -1488,18 +1480,15 @@ bool CWallet::SetHDSeed(const CPubKey& seed)
     newHdChain.nVersion = CanSupportFeature(FEATURE_HD_SPLIT) ? CHDChain::VERSION_HD_CHAIN_SPLIT : CHDChain::VERSION_HD_BASE;
     newHdChain.seed_id = seed.GetID();
     SetHDChain(newHdChain, false);
-
-    return true;
 }
 
-bool CWallet::SetHDChain(const CHDChain& chain, bool memonly)
+void CWallet::SetHDChain(const CHDChain& chain, bool memonly)
 {
     LOCK(cs_wallet);
     if (!memonly && !WalletBatch(*database).WriteHDChain(chain))
         throw std::runtime_error(std::string(__func__) + ": writing chain failed");
 
     hdChain = chain;
-    return true;
 }
 
 bool CWallet::IsHDEnabled() const
@@ -3899,10 +3888,9 @@ bool CWallet::EraseDestData(const CTxDestination &dest, const std::string &key)
     return WalletBatch(*database).EraseDestData(EncodeDestination(dest), key);
 }
 
-bool CWallet::LoadDestData(const CTxDestination &dest, const std::string &key, const std::string &value)
+void CWallet::LoadDestData(const CTxDestination &dest, const std::string &key, const std::string &value)
 {
     mapAddressBook[dest].destdata.insert(std::make_pair(key, value));
-    return true;
 }
 
 bool CWallet::GetDestData(const CTxDestination &dest, const std::string &key, std::string *value) const
@@ -4091,9 +4079,7 @@ std::shared_ptr<CWallet> CWallet::CreateWalletFromFile(const std::string& name,
 
             // generate a new master key
             CPubKey masterPubKey = walletInstance->GenerateNewSeed();
-            if (!walletInstance->SetHDSeed(masterPubKey)) {
-                throw std::runtime_error(std::string(__func__) + ": Storing master key failed");
-            }
+            walletInstance->SetHDSeed(masterPubKey);
             hd_upgrade = true;
         }
         // Upgrade to HD chain split if necessary
@@ -4130,9 +4116,7 @@ std::shared_ptr<CWallet> CWallet::CreateWalletFromFile(const std::string& name,
         } else {
             // generate a new seed
             CPubKey seed = walletInstance->GenerateNewSeed();
-            if (!walletInstance->SetHDSeed(seed)) {
-                throw std::runtime_error(std::string(__func__) + ": Storing HD seed failed");
-            }
+            walletInstance->SetHDSeed(seed);
         }
 
         // Top up the keypool
diff --git a/src/wallet/wallet.h b/src/wallet/wallet.h
index 2ada233514..9f9501cf72 100644
--- a/src/wallet/wallet.h
+++ b/src/wallet/wallet.h
@@ -885,8 +885,8 @@ public:
     //! Adds a key to the store, without saving it to disk (used by LoadWallet)
     bool LoadKey(const CKey& key, const CPubKey &pubkey) { return CCryptoKeyStore::AddKeyPubKey(key, pubkey); }
     //! Load metadata (used by LoadWallet)
-    bool LoadKeyMetadata(const CKeyID& keyID, const CKeyMetadata &metadata) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_wallet);
-    bool LoadScriptMetadata(const CScriptID& script_id, const CKeyMetadata &metadata) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_wallet);
+    void LoadKeyMetadata(const CKeyID& keyID, const CKeyMetadata &metadata) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_wallet);
+    void LoadScriptMetadata(const CScriptID& script_id, const CKeyMetadata &metadata) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_wallet);
 
     bool LoadMinVersion(int nVersion) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_wallet) { AssertLockHeld(cs_wallet); nWalletVersion = nVersion; nWalletMaxVersion = std::max(nWalletMaxVersion, nVersion); return true; }
     void UpdateTimeFirstKey(int64_t nCreateTime) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_wallet);
@@ -903,7 +903,7 @@ public:
     //! Erases a destination data tuple in the store and on disk
     bool EraseDestData(const CTxDestination &dest, const std::string &key);
     //! Adds a destination data tuple to the store, without saving it to disk
-    bool LoadDestData(const CTxDestination &dest, const std::string &key, const std::string &value);
+    void LoadDestData(const CTxDestination &dest, const std::string &key, const std::string &value);
     //! Look up a destination data tuple in the store, return true if found false otherwise
     bool GetDestData(const CTxDestination &dest, const std::string &key, std::string *value) const;
     //! Get all destination values matching a prefix.
@@ -936,7 +936,7 @@ public:
 
     void MarkDirty();
     bool AddToWallet(const CWalletTx& wtxIn, bool fFlushOnClose=true);
-    bool LoadToWallet(const CWalletTx& wtxIn);
+    void LoadToWallet(const CWalletTx& wtxIn);
     void TransactionAddedToMempool(const CTransactionRef& tx) override;
     void BlockConnected(const std::shared_ptr<const CBlock>& pblock, const CBlockIndex *pindex, const std::vector<CTransactionRef>& vtxConflicted) override;
     void BlockDisconnected(const std::shared_ptr<const CBlock>& pblock) override;
@@ -1075,7 +1075,7 @@ public:
     }
 
     //! signify that a particular wallet feature is now used. this may change nWalletVersion and nWalletMaxVersion if those are lower
-    bool SetMinVersion(enum WalletFeature, WalletBatch* batch_in = nullptr, bool fExplicit = false);
+    void SetMinVersion(enum WalletFeature, WalletBatch* batch_in = nullptr, bool fExplicit = false);
 
     //! change which version we're allowed to upgrade to (note that this does not immediately imply upgrading to that format)
     bool SetMaxVersion(int nVersion);
@@ -1146,7 +1146,7 @@ public:
     bool BackupWallet(const std::string& strDest);
 
     /* Set the HD chain model (chain child index counters) */
-    bool SetHDChain(const CHDChain& chain, bool memonly);
+    void SetHDChain(const CHDChain& chain, bool memonly);
     const CHDChain& GetHDChain() const { return hdChain; }
 
     /* Returns true if HD is enabled */
@@ -1162,7 +1162,7 @@ public:
        Sets the seed's version based on the current wallet version (so the
        caller must ensure the current wallet version is correct before calling
        this function). */
-    bool SetHDSeed(const CPubKey& key);
+    void SetHDSeed(const CPubKey& key);
 
     /**
      * Blocks until the wallet state is up-to-date to /at least/ the current
diff --git a/src/wallet/walletdb.cpp b/src/wallet/walletdb.cpp
index 67fcaa725b..43e4747317 100644
--- a/src/wallet/walletdb.cpp
+++ b/src/wallet/walletdb.cpp
@@ -495,21 +495,13 @@ ReadKeyValue(CWallet* pwallet, CDataStream& ssKey, CDataStream& ssValue,
             ssKey >> strAddress;
             ssKey >> strKey;
             ssValue >> strValue;
-            if (!pwallet->LoadDestData(DecodeDestination(strAddress), strKey, strValue))
-            {
-                strErr = "Error reading wallet database: LoadDestData failed";
-                return false;
-            }
+            pwallet->LoadDestData(DecodeDestination(strAddress), strKey, strValue);
         }
         else if (strType == "hdchain")
         {
             CHDChain chain;
             ssValue >> chain;
-            if (!pwallet->SetHDChain(chain, true))
-            {
-                strErr = "Error reading wallet database: SetHDChain failed";
-                return false;
-            }
+            pwallet->SetHDChain(chain, true);
         } else if (strType == "flags") {
             uint64_t flags;
             ssValue >> flags;