Avoid opening copied wallet databases simultaneously

Make sure wallet databases have unique fileids. If they don't, throw an error.
BDB caches do not work properly when more than one open database has the same
fileid, because values written to one database may show up in reads to other
databases.

Bitcoin will never create different databases with the same fileid, but users
can create them by manually copying database files.

BDB caching bug was reported by Chris Moore <dooglus@gmail.com>
https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/issues/11429

Fixes #11429

1 files changed, 35 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/src/wallet/db.cpp b/src/wallet/db.cpp
index 5e881d9acc..459d289a42 100644
--- a/src/wallet/db.cpp
+++ b/src/wallet/db.cpp
@@ -20,6 +20,40 @@
 
 #include <boost/thread.hpp>
 
+namespace {
+//! Make sure database has a unique fileid within the environment. If it
+//! doesn't, throw an error. BDB caches do not work properly when more than one
+//! open database has the same fileid (values written to one database may show
+//! up in reads to other databases).
+//!
+//! BerkeleyDB generates unique fileids by default
+//! (https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E17275_01/html/programmer_reference/program_copy.html),
+//! so bitcoin should never create different databases with the same fileid, but
+//! this error can be triggered if users manually copy database files.
+void CheckUniqueFileid(const CDBEnv& env, const std::string& filename, Db& db)
+{
+    if (env.IsMock()) return;
+
+    u_int8_t fileid[DB_FILE_ID_LEN];
+    int ret = db.get_mpf()->get_fileid(fileid);
+    if (ret != 0) {
+        throw std::runtime_error(strprintf("CDB: Can't open database %s (get_fileid failed with %d)", filename, ret));
+    }
+
+    for (const auto& item : env.mapDb) {
+        u_int8_t item_fileid[DB_FILE_ID_LEN];
+        if (item.second && item.second->get_mpf()->get_fileid(item_fileid) == 0 &&
+            memcmp(fileid, item_fileid, sizeof(fileid)) == 0) {
+            const char* item_filename = nullptr;
+            item.second->get_dbname(&item_filename, nullptr);
+            throw std::runtime_error(strprintf("CDB: Can't open database %s (duplicates fileid %s from %s)", filename,
+                HexStr(std::begin(item_fileid), std::end(item_fileid)),
+                item_filename ? item_filename : "(unknown database)"));
+        }
+    }
+}
+} // namespace
+
 //
 // CDB
 //
@@ -403,6 +437,7 @@ CDB::CDB(CWalletDBWrapper& dbw, const char* pszMode, bool fFlushOnCloseIn) : pdb
             if (ret != 0) {
                 throw std::runtime_error(strprintf("CDB: Error %d, can't open database %s", ret, strFilename));
             }
+            CheckUniqueFileid(*env, strFilename, *pdb_temp);
 
             pdb = pdb_temp.release();
             env->mapDb[strFilename] = pdb;