evhttpd implementation

- *Replace usage of boost::asio with [libevent2](http://libevent.org/)*.
boost::asio is not part of C++11, so unlike other boost there is no
forwards-compatibility reason to stick with it. Together with #4738 (convert
json_spirit to UniValue), this rids Bitcoin Core of the worst offenders with
regard to compile-time slowness.

- *Replace spit-and-duct-tape http server with evhttp*. Front-end http handling
is handled by libevent, a work queue (with configurable depth and parallelism)
is used to handle application requests.

- *Wrap HTTP request in C++ class*; this makes the application code mostly
HTTP-server-neutral

- *Refactor RPC to move all http-specific code to a separate file*.
Theoreticaly this can allow building without HTTP server but with another RPC
backend, e.g. Qt's debug console (currently not implemented) or future RPC
mechanisms people may want to use.

- *HTTP dispatch mechanism*; services (e.g., RPC, REST) register which URL
paths they want to handle.

By using a proven, high-performance asynchronous networking library (also used
by Tor) and HTTP server, problems such as #5674, #5655, #344 should be avoided.

What works? bitcoind, bitcoin-cli, bitcoin-qt. Unit tests and RPC/REST tests
pass. The aim for now is everything but SSL support.

Configuration options:

- `-rpcthreads`: repurposed as "number of  work handler threads". Still
defaults to 4.

- `-rpcworkqueue`: maximum depth of work queue. When this is reached, new
requests will return a 500 Internal Error.

- `-rpctimeout`: inactivity time, in seconds, after which to disconnect a
client.

- `-debug=http`: low-level http activity logging

1 files changed, 44 insertions, 28 deletions

diff --git a/src/rpcserver.h b/src/rpcserver.h
index 3a71fd510f..ac821d5b55 100644
--- a/src/rpcserver.h
+++ b/src/rpcserver.h
@@ -32,26 +32,17 @@ namespace RPCServer
 class CBlockIndex;
 class CNetAddr;
 
-class AcceptedConnection
+class JSONRequest
 {
 public:
-    virtual ~AcceptedConnection() {}
+    UniValue id;
+    std::string strMethod;
+    UniValue params;
 
-    virtual std::iostream& stream() = 0;
-    virtual std::string peer_address_to_string() const = 0;
-    virtual void close() = 0;
+    JSONRequest() { id = NullUniValue; }
+    void parse(const UniValue& valRequest);
 };
 
-/** Start RPC threads */
-void StartRPCThreads();
-/**
- * Alternative to StartRPCThreads for the GUI, when no server is
- * used. The RPC thread in this case is only used to handle timeouts.
- * If real RPC threads have already been started this is a no-op.
- */
-void StartDummyRPCThread();
-/** Stop RPC threads */
-void StopRPCThreads();
 /** Query whether RPC is running */
 bool IsRPCRunning();
 
@@ -81,15 +72,45 @@ void RPCTypeCheck(const UniValue& params,
 void RPCTypeCheckObj(const UniValue& o,
                   const std::map<std::string, UniValue::VType>& typesExpected, bool fAllowNull=false);
 
+/** Opaque base class for timers returned by NewTimerFunc.
+ * This provides no methods at the moment, but makes sure that delete
+ * cleans up the whole state.
+ */
+class RPCTimerBase
+{
+public:
+    virtual ~RPCTimerBase() {}
+};
+
 /**
- * Run func nSeconds from now. Uses boost deadline timers.
+ * RPC timer "driver".
+ */
+class RPCTimerInterface
+{
+public:
+    virtual ~RPCTimerInterface() {}
+    /** Implementation name */
+    virtual const char *Name() = 0;
+    /** Factory function for timers.
+     * RPC will call the function to create a timer that will call func in *seconds* seconds.
+     * @note As the RPC mechanism is backend-neutral, it can use different implementations of timers.
+     * This is needed to cope with the case in which there is no HTTP server, but
+     * only GUI RPC console, and to break the dependency of pcserver on httprpc.
+     */
+    virtual RPCTimerBase* NewTimer(boost::function<void(void)>&, int64_t) = 0;
+};
+
+/** Register factory function for timers */
+void RPCRegisterTimerInterface(RPCTimerInterface *iface);
+/** Unregister factory function for timers */
+void RPCUnregisterTimerInterface(RPCTimerInterface *iface);
+
+/**
+ * Run func nSeconds from now.
  * Overrides previous timer <name> (if any).
  */
 void RPCRunLater(const std::string& name, boost::function<void(void)> func, int64_t nSeconds);
 
-//! Convert boost::asio address to CNetAddr
-extern CNetAddr BoostAsioToCNetAddr(boost::asio::ip::address address);
-
 typedef UniValue(*rpcfn_type)(const UniValue& params, bool fHelp);
 
 class CRPCCommand
@@ -134,9 +155,6 @@ extern uint256 ParseHashO(const UniValue& o, std::string strKey);
 extern std::vector<unsigned char> ParseHexV(const UniValue& v, std::string strName);
 extern std::vector<unsigned char> ParseHexO(const UniValue& o, std::string strKey);
 
-extern void InitRPCMining();
-extern void ShutdownRPCMining();
-
 extern int64_t nWalletUnlockTime;
 extern CAmount AmountFromValue(const UniValue& value);
 extern UniValue ValueFromAmount(const CAmount& amount);
@@ -244,11 +262,9 @@ extern UniValue getchaintips(const UniValue& params, bool fHelp);
 extern UniValue invalidateblock(const UniValue& params, bool fHelp);
 extern UniValue reconsiderblock(const UniValue& params, bool fHelp);
 
-// in rest.cpp
-extern bool HTTPReq_REST(AcceptedConnection *conn,
-                  const std::string& strURI,
-                  const std::string& strRequest,
-                  const std::map<std::string, std::string>& mapHeaders,
-                  bool fRun);
+bool StartRPC();
+void InterruptRPC();
+void StopRPC();
+std::string JSONRPCExecBatch(const UniValue& vReq);
 
 #endif // BITCOIN_RPCSERVER_H