Merge bitcoin/bitcoin#22284: p2p, refactor: performance improvements to ProtectEvictionCandidatesByRatio()

b1d905c225e87a4a289c0cd3593c6c21cea3fba7 p2p: earlier continuation when no remaining eviction candidates (Vasil Dimov)
c9e8d8f9b168dec2bc7b845da38449e96708cf8e p2p: process more candidates per protection iteration (Jon Atack)
02e411ec456af80d1da76085a814c68bb3aca6de p2p: iterate eviction protection only on networks having candidates (Jon Atack)
5adb06457403f8c1d874e9c6748ecbb78ef8fa2b bench: add peer eviction protection benchmarks (Jon Atack)
566357f8f7471f74729297868917aa32f6d3c390 refactor: move GetRandomNodeEvictionCandidates() to test utilities (Jon Atack)

Pull request description:

  This follow-up to #21261 improves `ProtectEvictionCandidatesByRatio()` for better performance.

  Benchmarks are added; the performance improvement is between 2x and 5x for the benchmarked cases (CPU 2.50GHz, Turbo off, performance mode, Debian Clang 11 non-debug build).

  ```
  $ ./src/bench/bench_bitcoin -filter="EvictionProtection*.*"
  ```

  The refactored code is well-covered by existing unit tests and also a fuzzer.

  - `$ ./src/test/test_bitcoin -t net_peer_eviction_tests`
  - `$ FUZZ=node_eviction ./src/test/fuzz/fuzz ../qa-assets/fuzz_seed_corpus/node_eviction`

ACKs for top commit:
  klementtan:
    Tested and code review ACK b1d905c2.
  vasild:
    ACK b1d905c225e87a4a289c0cd3593c6c21cea3fba7
  jarolrod:
    ACK b1d905c225e87a4a289c0cd3593c6c21cea3fba7

Tree-SHA512: a3a6607b9ea2fec138da9780c03f63e177b6712091c5a3ddc3804b896a7585216446310280791f5e20cc023d02d2f03a4139237e12b5c1d7f2a1fa1011610e96

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