/** @license MIT License (c) copyright 2010-2014 original author or authors */
/** @author Brian Cavalier */
/** @author John Hann */

(function(define) { 'use strict';
define(function() {

	return function makePromise(environment) {

		var tasks = environment.scheduler;
		var emitRejection = initEmitRejection();

		var objectCreate = Object.create ||
			function(proto) {
				function Child() {}
				Child.prototype = proto;
				return new Child();
			};

		/**
		 * Create a promise whose fate is determined by resolver
		 * @constructor
		 * @returns {Promise} promise
		 * @name Promise
		 */
		function Promise(resolver, handler) {
			this._handler = resolver === Handler ? handler : init(resolver);
		}

		/**
		 * Run the supplied resolver
		 * @param resolver
		 * @returns {Pending}
		 */
		function init(resolver) {
			var handler = new Pending();

			try {
				resolver(promiseResolve, promiseReject, promiseNotify);
			} catch (e) {
				promiseReject(e);
			}

			return handler;

			/**
			 * Transition from pre-resolution state to post-resolution state, notifying
			 * all listeners of the ultimate fulfillment or rejection
			 * @param {*} x resolution value
			 */
			function promiseResolve (x) {
				handler.resolve(x);
			}
			/**
			 * Reject this promise with reason, which will be used verbatim
			 * @param {Error|*} reason rejection reason, strongly suggested
			 *   to be an Error type
			 */
			function promiseReject (reason) {
				handler.reject(reason);
			}

			/**
			 * @deprecated
			 * Issue a progress event, notifying all progress listeners
			 * @param {*} x progress event payload to pass to all listeners
			 */
			function promiseNotify (x) {
				handler.notify(x);
			}
		}

		// Creation

		Promise.resolve = resolve;
		Promise.reject = reject;
		Promise.never = never;

		Promise._defer = defer;
		Promise._handler = getHandler;

		/**
		 * Returns a trusted promise. If x is already a trusted promise, it is
		 * returned, otherwise returns a new trusted Promise which follows x.
		 * @param  {*} x
		 * @return {Promise} promise
		 */
		function resolve(x) {
			return isPromise(x) ? x
				: new Promise(Handler, new Async(getHandler(x)));
		}

		/**
		 * Return a reject promise with x as its reason (x is used verbatim)
		 * @param {*} x
		 * @returns {Promise} rejected promise
		 */
		function reject(x) {
			return new Promise(Handler, new Async(new Rejected(x)));
		}

		/**
		 * Return a promise that remains pending forever
		 * @returns {Promise} forever-pending promise.
		 */
		function never() {
			return foreverPendingPromise; // Should be frozen
		}

		/**
		 * Creates an internal {promise, resolver} pair
		 * @private
		 * @returns {Promise}
		 */
		function defer() {
			return new Promise(Handler, new Pending());
		}

		// Transformation and flow control

		/**
		 * Transform this promise's fulfillment value, returning a new Promise
		 * for the transformed result.  If the promise cannot be fulfilled, onRejected
		 * is called with the reason.  onProgress *may* be called with updates toward
		 * this promise's fulfillment.
		 * @param {function=} onFulfilled fulfillment handler
		 * @param {function=} onRejected rejection handler
		 * @param {function=} onProgress @deprecated progress handler
		 * @return {Promise} new promise
		 */
		Promise.prototype.then = function(onFulfilled, onRejected, onProgress) {
			var parent = this._handler;
			var state = parent.join().state();

			if ((typeof onFulfilled !== 'function' && state > 0) ||
				(typeof onRejected !== 'function' && state < 0)) {
				// Short circuit: value will not change, simply share handler
				return new this.constructor(Handler, parent);
			}

			var p = this._beget();
			var child = p._handler;

			parent.chain(child, parent.receiver, onFulfilled, onRejected, onProgress);

			return p;
		};

		/**
		 * If this promise cannot be fulfilled due to an error, call onRejected to
		 * handle the error. Shortcut for .then(undefined, onRejected)
		 * @param {function?} onRejected
		 * @return {Promise}
		 */
		Promise.prototype['catch'] = function(onRejected) {
			return this.then(void 0, onRejected);
		};

		/**
		 * Creates a new, pending promise of the same type as this promise
		 * @private
		 * @returns {Promise}
		 */
		Promise.prototype._beget = function() {
			return begetFrom(this._handler, this.constructor);
		};

		function begetFrom(parent, Promise) {
			var child = new Pending(parent.receiver, parent.join().context);
			return new Promise(Handler, child);
		}

		// Array combinators

		Promise.all = all;
		Promise.race = race;
		Promise._traverse = traverse;

		/**
		 * Return a promise that will fulfill when all promises in the
		 * input array have fulfilled, or will reject when one of the
		 * promises rejects.
		 * @param {array} promises array of promises
		 * @returns {Promise} promise for array of fulfillment values
		 */
		function all(promises) {
			return traverseWith(snd, null, promises);
		}

		/**
		 * Array<Promise<X>> -> Promise<Array<f(X)>>
		 * @private
		 * @param {function} f function to apply to each promise's value
		 * @param {Array} promises array of promises
		 * @returns {Promise} promise for transformed values
		 */
		function traverse(f, promises) {
			return traverseWith(tryCatch2, f, promises);
		}

		function traverseWith(tryMap, f, promises) {
			var handler = typeof f === 'function' ? mapAt : settleAt;

			var resolver = new Pending();
			var pending = promises.length >>> 0;
			var results = new Array(pending);

			for (var i = 0, x; i < promises.length && !resolver.resolved; ++i) {
				x = promises[i];

				if (x === void 0 && !(i in promises)) {
					--pending;
					continue;
				}

				traverseAt(promises, handler, i, x, resolver);
			}

			if(pending === 0) {
				resolver.become(new Fulfilled(results));
			}

			return new Promise(Handler, resolver);

			function mapAt(i, x, resolver) {
				if(!resolver.resolved) {
					traverseAt(promises, settleAt, i, tryMap(f, x, i), resolver);
				}
			}

			function settleAt(i, x, resolver) {
				results[i] = x;
				if(--pending === 0) {
					resolver.become(new Fulfilled(results));
				}
			}
		}

		function traverseAt(promises, handler, i, x, resolver) {
			if (maybeThenable(x)) {
				var h = getHandlerMaybeThenable(x);
				var s = h.state();

				if (s === 0) {
					h.fold(handler, i, void 0, resolver);
				} else if (s > 0) {
					handler(i, h.value, resolver);
				} else {
					resolver.become(h);
					visitRemaining(promises, i+1, h);
				}
			} else {
				handler(i, x, resolver);
			}
		}

		Promise._visitRemaining = visitRemaining;
		function visitRemaining(promises, start, handler) {
			for(var i=start; i<promises.length; ++i) {
				markAsHandled(getHandler(promises[i]), handler);
			}
		}

		function markAsHandled(h, handler) {
			if(h === handler) {
				return;
			}

			var s = h.state();
			if(s === 0) {
				h.visit(h, void 0, h._unreport);
			} else if(s < 0) {
				h._unreport();
			}
		}

		/**
		 * Fulfill-reject competitive race. Return a promise that will settle
		 * to the same state as the earliest input promise to settle.
		 *
		 * WARNING: The ES6 Promise spec requires that race()ing an empty array
		 * must return a promise that is pending forever.  This implementation
		 * returns a singleton forever-pending promise, the same singleton that is
		 * returned by Promise.never(), thus can be checked with ===
		 *
		 * @param {array} promises array of promises to race
		 * @returns {Promise} if input is non-empty, a promise that will settle
		 * to the same outcome as the earliest input promise to settle. if empty
		 * is empty, returns a promise that will never settle.
		 */
		function race(promises) {
			if(typeof promises !== 'object' || promises === null) {
				return reject(new TypeError('non-iterable passed to race()'));
			}

			// Sigh, race([]) is untestable unless we return *something*
			// that is recognizable without calling .then() on it.
			return promises.length === 0 ? never()
				 : promises.length === 1 ? resolve(promises[0])
				 : runRace(promises);
		}

		function runRace(promises) {
			var resolver = new Pending();
			var i, x, h;
			for(i=0; i<promises.length; ++i) {
				x = promises[i];
				if (x === void 0 && !(i in promises)) {
					continue;
				}

				h = getHandler(x);
				if(h.state() !== 0) {
					resolver.become(h);
					visitRemaining(promises, i+1, h);
					break;
				} else {
					h.visit(resolver, resolver.resolve, resolver.reject);
				}
			}
			return new Promise(Handler, resolver);
		}

		// Promise internals
		// Below this, everything is @private

		/**
		 * Get an appropriate handler for x, without checking for cycles
		 * @param {*} x
		 * @returns {object} handler
		 */
		function getHandler(x) {
			if(isPromise(x)) {
				return x._handler.join();
			}
			return maybeThenable(x) ? getHandlerUntrusted(x) : new Fulfilled(x);
		}

		/**
		 * Get a handler for thenable x.
		 * NOTE: You must only call this if maybeThenable(x) == true
		 * @param {object|function|Promise} x
		 * @returns {object} handler
		 */
		function getHandlerMaybeThenable(x) {
			return isPromise(x) ? x._handler.join() : getHandlerUntrusted(x);
		}

		/**
		 * Get a handler for potentially untrusted thenable x
		 * @param {*} x
		 * @returns {object} handler
		 */
		function getHandlerUntrusted(x) {
			try {
				var untrustedThen = x.then;
				return typeof untrustedThen === 'function'
					? new Thenable(untrustedThen, x)
					: new Fulfilled(x);
			} catch(e) {
				return new Rejected(e);
			}
		}

		/**
		 * Handler for a promise that is pending forever
		 * @constructor
		 */
		function Handler() {}

		Handler.prototype.when
			= Handler.prototype.become
			= Handler.prototype.notify // deprecated
			= Handler.prototype.fail
			= Handler.prototype._unreport
			= Handler.prototype._report
			= noop;

		Handler.prototype._state = 0;

		Handler.prototype.state = function() {
			return this._state;
		};

		/**
		 * Recursively collapse handler chain to find the handler
		 * nearest to the fully resolved value.
		 * @returns {object} handler nearest the fully resolved value
		 */
		Handler.prototype.join = function() {
			var h = this;
			while(h.handler !== void 0) {
				h = h.handler;
			}
			return h;
		};

		Handler.prototype.chain = function(to, receiver, fulfilled, rejected, progress) {
			this.when({
				resolver: to,
				receiver: receiver,
				fulfilled: fulfilled,
				rejected: rejected,
				progress: progress
			});
		};

		Handler.prototype.visit = function(receiver, fulfilled, rejected, progress) {
			this.chain(failIfRejected, receiver, fulfilled, rejected, progress);
		};

		Handler.prototype.fold = function(f, z, c, to) {
			this.when(new Fold(f, z, c, to));
		};

		/**
		 * Handler that invokes fail() on any handler it becomes
		 * @constructor
		 */
		function FailIfRejected() {}

		inherit(Handler, FailIfRejected);

		FailIfRejected.prototype.become = function(h) {
			h.fail();
		};

		var failIfRejected = new FailIfRejected();

		/**
		 * Handler that manages a queue of consumers waiting on a pending promise
		 * @constructor
		 */
		function Pending(receiver, inheritedContext) {
			Promise.createContext(this, inheritedContext);

			this.consumers = void 0;
			this.receiver = receiver;
			this.handler = void 0;
			this.resolved = false;
		}

		inherit(Handler, Pending);

		Pending.prototype._state = 0;

		Pending.prototype.resolve = function(x) {
			this.become(getHandler(x));
		};

		Pending.prototype.reject = function(x) {
			if(this.resolved) {
				return;
			}

			this.become(new Rejected(x));
		};

		Pending.prototype.join = function() {
			if (!this.resolved) {
				return this;
			}

			var h = this;

			while (h.handler !== void 0) {
				h = h.handler;
				if (h === this) {
					return this.handler = cycle();
				}
			}

			return h;
		};

		Pending.prototype.run = function() {
			var q = this.consumers;
			var handler = this.handler;
			this.handler = this.handler.join();
			this.consumers = void 0;

			for (var i = 0; i < q.length; ++i) {
				handler.when(q[i]);
			}
		};

		Pending.prototype.become = function(handler) {
			if(this.resolved) {
				return;
			}

			this.resolved = true;
			this.handler = handler;
			if(this.consumers !== void 0) {
				tasks.enqueue(this);
			}

			if(this.context !== void 0) {
				handler._report(this.context);
			}
		};

		Pending.prototype.when = function(continuation) {
			if(this.resolved) {
				tasks.enqueue(new ContinuationTask(continuation, this.handler));
			} else {
				if(this.consumers === void 0) {
					this.consumers = [continuation];
				} else {
					this.consumers.push(continuation);
				}
			}
		};

		/**
		 * @deprecated
		 */
		Pending.prototype.notify = function(x) {
			if(!this.resolved) {
				tasks.enqueue(new ProgressTask(x, this));
			}
		};

		Pending.prototype.fail = function(context) {
			var c = typeof context === 'undefined' ? this.context : context;
			this.resolved && this.handler.join().fail(c);
		};

		Pending.prototype._report = function(context) {
			this.resolved && this.handler.join()._report(context);
		};

		Pending.prototype._unreport = function() {
			this.resolved && this.handler.join()._unreport();
		};

		/**
		 * Wrap another handler and force it into a future stack
		 * @param {object} handler
		 * @constructor
		 */
		function Async(handler) {
			this.handler = handler;
		}

		inherit(Handler, Async);

		Async.prototype.when = function(continuation) {
			tasks.enqueue(new ContinuationTask(continuation, this));
		};

		Async.prototype._report = function(context) {
			this.join()._report(context);
		};

		Async.prototype._unreport = function() {
			this.join()._unreport();
		};

		/**
		 * Handler that wraps an untrusted thenable and assimilates it in a future stack
		 * @param {function} then
		 * @param {{then: function}} thenable
		 * @constructor
		 */
		function Thenable(then, thenable) {
			Pending.call(this);
			tasks.enqueue(new AssimilateTask(then, thenable, this));
		}

		inherit(Pending, Thenable);

		/**
		 * Handler for a fulfilled promise
		 * @param {*} x fulfillment value
		 * @constructor
		 */
		function Fulfilled(x) {
			Promise.createContext(this);
			this.value = x;
		}

		inherit(Handler, Fulfilled);

		Fulfilled.prototype._state = 1;

		Fulfilled.prototype.fold = function(f, z, c, to) {
			runContinuation3(f, z, this, c, to);
		};

		Fulfilled.prototype.when = function(cont) {
			runContinuation1(cont.fulfilled, this, cont.receiver, cont.resolver);
		};

		var errorId = 0;

		/**
		 * Handler for a rejected promise
		 * @param {*} x rejection reason
		 * @constructor
		 */
		function Rejected(x) {
			Promise.createContext(this);

			this.id = ++errorId;
			this.value = x;
			this.handled = false;
			this.reported = false;

			this._report();
		}

		inherit(Handler, Rejected);

		Rejected.prototype._state = -1;

		Rejected.prototype.fold = function(f, z, c, to) {
			to.become(this);
		};

		Rejected.prototype.when = function(cont) {
			if(typeof cont.rejected === 'function') {
				this._unreport();
			}
			runContinuation1(cont.rejected, this, cont.receiver, cont.resolver);
		};

		Rejected.prototype._report = function(context) {
			tasks.afterQueue(new ReportTask(this, context));
		};

		Rejected.prototype._unreport = function() {
			if(this.handled) {
				return;
			}
			this.handled = true;
			tasks.afterQueue(new UnreportTask(this));
		};

		Rejected.prototype.fail = function(context) {
			this.reported = true;
			emitRejection('unhandledRejection', this);
			Promise.onFatalRejection(this, context === void 0 ? this.context : context);
		};

		function ReportTask(rejection, context) {
			this.rejection = rejection;
			this.context = context;
		}

		ReportTask.prototype.run = function() {
			if(!this.rejection.handled && !this.rejection.reported) {
				this.rejection.reported = true;
				emitRejection('unhandledRejection', this.rejection) ||
					Promise.onPotentiallyUnhandledRejection(this.rejection, this.context);
			}
		};

		function UnreportTask(rejection) {
			this.rejection = rejection;
		}

		UnreportTask.prototype.run = function() {
			if(this.rejection.reported) {
				emitRejection('rejectionHandled', this.rejection) ||
					Promise.onPotentiallyUnhandledRejectionHandled(this.rejection);
			}
		};

		// Unhandled rejection hooks
		// By default, everything is a noop

		Promise.createContext
			= Promise.enterContext
			= Promise.exitContext
			= Promise.onPotentiallyUnhandledRejection
			= Promise.onPotentiallyUnhandledRejectionHandled
			= Promise.onFatalRejection
			= noop;

		// Errors and singletons

		var foreverPendingHandler = new Handler();
		var foreverPendingPromise = new Promise(Handler, foreverPendingHandler);

		function cycle() {
			return new Rejected(new TypeError('Promise cycle'));
		}

		// Task runners

		/**
		 * Run a single consumer
		 * @constructor
		 */
		function ContinuationTask(continuation, handler) {
			this.continuation = continuation;
			this.handler = handler;
		}

		ContinuationTask.prototype.run = function() {
			this.handler.join().when(this.continuation);
		};

		/**
		 * Run a queue of progress handlers
		 * @constructor
		 */
		function ProgressTask(value, handler) {
			this.handler = handler;
			this.value = value;
		}

		ProgressTask.prototype.run = function() {
			var q = this.handler.consumers;
			if(q === void 0) {
				return;
			}

			for (var c, i = 0; i < q.length; ++i) {
				c = q[i];
				runNotify(c.progress, this.value, this.handler, c.receiver, c.resolver);
			}
		};

		/**
		 * Assimilate a thenable, sending it's value to resolver
		 * @param {function} then
		 * @param {object|function} thenable
		 * @param {object} resolver
		 * @constructor
		 */
		function AssimilateTask(then, thenable, resolver) {
			this._then = then;
			this.thenable = thenable;
			this.resolver = resolver;
		}

		AssimilateTask.prototype.run = function() {
			var h = this.resolver;
			tryAssimilate(this._then, this.thenable, _resolve, _reject, _notify);

			function _resolve(x) { h.resolve(x); }
			function _reject(x)  { h.reject(x); }
			function _notify(x)  { h.notify(x); }
		};

		function tryAssimilate(then, thenable, resolve, reject, notify) {
			try {
				then.call(thenable, resolve, reject, notify);
			} catch (e) {
				reject(e);
			}
		}

		/**
		 * Fold a handler value with z
		 * @constructor
		 */
		function Fold(f, z, c, to) {
			this.f = f; this.z = z; this.c = c; this.to = to;
			this.resolver = failIfRejected;
			this.receiver = this;
		}

		Fold.prototype.fulfilled = function(x) {
			this.f.call(this.c, this.z, x, this.to);
		};

		Fold.prototype.rejected = function(x) {
			this.to.reject(x);
		};

		Fold.prototype.progress = function(x) {
			this.to.notify(x);
		};

		// Other helpers

		/**
		 * @param {*} x
		 * @returns {boolean} true iff x is a trusted Promise
		 */
		function isPromise(x) {
			return x instanceof Promise;
		}

		/**
		 * Test just enough to rule out primitives, in order to take faster
		 * paths in some code
		 * @param {*} x
		 * @returns {boolean} false iff x is guaranteed *not* to be a thenable
		 */
		function maybeThenable(x) {
			return (typeof x === 'object' || typeof x === 'function') && x !== null;
		}

		function runContinuation1(f, h, receiver, next) {
			if(typeof f !== 'function') {
				return next.become(h);
			}

			Promise.enterContext(h);
			tryCatchReject(f, h.value, receiver, next);
			Promise.exitContext();
		}

		function runContinuation3(f, x, h, receiver, next) {
			if(typeof f !== 'function') {
				return next.become(h);
			}

			Promise.enterContext(h);
			tryCatchReject3(f, x, h.value, receiver, next);
			Promise.exitContext();
		}

		/**
		 * @deprecated
		 */
		function runNotify(f, x, h, receiver, next) {
			if(typeof f !== 'function') {
				return next.notify(x);
			}

			Promise.enterContext(h);
			tryCatchReturn(f, x, receiver, next);
			Promise.exitContext();
		}

		function tryCatch2(f, a, b) {
			try {
				return f(a, b);
			} catch(e) {
				return reject(e);
			}
		}

		/**
		 * Return f.call(thisArg, x), or if it throws return a rejected promise for
		 * the thrown exception
		 */
		function tryCatchReject(f, x, thisArg, next) {
			try {
				next.become(getHandler(f.call(thisArg, x)));
			} catch(e) {
				next.become(new Rejected(e));
			}
		}

		/**
		 * Same as above, but includes the extra argument parameter.
		 */
		function tryCatchReject3(f, x, y, thisArg, next) {
			try {
				f.call(thisArg, x, y, next);
			} catch(e) {
				next.become(new Rejected(e));
			}
		}

		/**
		 * @deprecated
		 * Return f.call(thisArg, x), or if it throws, *return* the exception
		 */
		function tryCatchReturn(f, x, thisArg, next) {
			try {
				next.notify(f.call(thisArg, x));
			} catch(e) {
				next.notify(e);
			}
		}

		function inherit(Parent, Child) {
			Child.prototype = objectCreate(Parent.prototype);
			Child.prototype.constructor = Child;
		}

		function snd(x, y) {
			return y;
		}

		function noop() {}

		function initEmitRejection() {
			/*global process, self, CustomEvent*/
			if(typeof process !== 'undefined' && process !== null
				&& typeof process.emit === 'function') {
				// Returning falsy here means to call the default
				// onPotentiallyUnhandledRejection API.  This is safe even in
				// browserify since process.emit always returns falsy in browserify:
				// https://github.com/defunctzombie/node-process/blob/master/browser.js#L40-L46
				return function(type, rejection) {
					return type === 'unhandledRejection'
						? process.emit(type, rejection.value, rejection)
						: process.emit(type, rejection);
				};
			} else if(typeof self !== 'undefined' && typeof CustomEvent === 'function') {
				return (function(noop, self, CustomEvent) {
					var hasCustomEvent = false;
					try {
						var ev = new CustomEvent('unhandledRejection');
						hasCustomEvent = ev instanceof CustomEvent;
					} catch (e) {}

					return !hasCustomEvent ? noop : function(type, rejection) {
						var ev = new CustomEvent(type, {
							detail: {
								reason: rejection.value,
								key: rejection
							},
							bubbles: false,
							cancelable: true
						});

						return !self.dispatchEvent(ev);
					};
				}(noop, self, CustomEvent));
			}

			return noop;
		}

		return Promise;
	};
});
}(typeof define === 'function' && define.amd ? define : function(factory) { module.exports = factory(); }));