/*
  This file is part of TALER
  Copyright (C) 2014-2016 GNUnet e.V.

  TALER is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
  terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
  Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option) any later version.

  TALER is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
  WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
  A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more details.

  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
  TALER; see the file COPYING.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>
*/

/**
 * @file plugin_auditordb_postgres.c
 * @brief Low-level (statement-level) Postgres database access for the auditor
 * @author Florian Dold
 * @author Christian Grothoff
 * @author Sree Harsha Totakura
 */
#include "platform.h"
#include "taler_pq_lib.h"
#include "taler_auditordb_plugin.h"
#include <pthread.h>
#include <libpq-fe.h>

/**
 * Log a query error.
 *
 * @param result PQ result object of the query that failed
 */
#define QUERY_ERR(result)                          \
  GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR, "Query failed at %s:%u: %s (%s)\n", __FILE__, __LINE__, PQresultErrorMessage (result), PQresStatus (PQresultStatus (result)))


/**
 * Log a really unexpected PQ error.
 *
 * @param result PQ result object of the PQ operation that failed
 */
#define BREAK_DB_ERR(result) do { \
    GNUNET_break (0); \
    GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR, "Database failure: %s (%s)\n", PQresultErrorMessage (result), PQresStatus (PQresultStatus (result))); \
  } while (0)


/**
 * Shorthand for exit jumps.  Logs the current line number
 * and jumps to the "EXITIF_exit" label.
 *
 * @param cond condition that must be TRUE to exit with an error
 */
#define EXITIF(cond)                                              \
  do {                                                            \
    if (cond) { GNUNET_break (0); goto EXITIF_exit; }             \
  } while (0)


/**
 * Execute an SQL statement and log errors on failure. Must be
 * run in a function that has an "SQLEXEC_fail" label to jump
 * to in case the SQL statement failed.
 *
 * @param conn database connection
 * @param sql SQL statement to run
 */
#define SQLEXEC_(conn, sql)                                             \
  do {                                                                  \
    PGresult *result = PQexec (conn, sql);                              \
    if (PGRES_COMMAND_OK != PQresultStatus (result))                    \
    {                                                                   \
      BREAK_DB_ERR (result);                                            \
      PQclear (result);                                                 \
      goto SQLEXEC_fail;                                                \
    }                                                                   \
    PQclear (result);                                                   \
  } while (0)


/**
 * Run an SQL statement, ignoring errors and clearing the result.
 *
 * @param conn database connection
 * @param sql SQL statement to run
 */
#define SQLEXEC_IGNORE_ERROR_(conn, sql)                                \
  do {                                                                  \
    PGresult *result = PQexec (conn, sql);                              \
    PQclear (result);                                                   \
  } while (0)


/**
 * Handle for a database session (per-thread, for transactions).
 */
struct TALER_AUDITORDB_Session
{
  /**
   * Postgres connection handle.
   */
  PGconn *conn;
};


/**
 * Type of the "cls" argument given to each of the functions in
 * our API.
 */
struct PostgresClosure
{

  /**
   * Thread-local database connection.
   * Contains a pointer to `PGconn` or NULL.
   */
  pthread_key_t db_conn_threadlocal;

  /**
   * Database connection string, as read from
   * the configuration.
   */
  char *connection_cfg_str;
};


/**
 * Function called by libpq whenever it wants to log something.
 * We already log whenever we care, so this function does nothing
 * and merely exists to silence the libpq logging.
 *
 * @param arg NULL
 * @param res information about some libpq event
 */
static void
pq_notice_receiver_cb (void *arg,
                       const PGresult *res)
{
  /* do nothing, intentionally */
}


/**
 * Function called by libpq whenever it wants to log something.
 * We log those using the Taler logger.
 *
 * @param arg NULL
 * @param message information about some libpq event
 */
static void
pq_notice_processor_cb (void *arg,
                        const char *message)
{
  GNUNET_log_from (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_INFO,
                   "pq",
                   "%s",
                   message);
}


/**
 * Establish connection to the Postgres database
 * and initialize callbacks for logging.
 *
 * @param pc configuration to use
 * @return NULL on error
 */
static PGconn *
connect_to_postgres (struct PostgresClosure *pc)
{
  PGconn *conn;

  conn = PQconnectdb (pc->connection_cfg_str);
  if (CONNECTION_OK !=
      PQstatus (conn))
  {
    TALER_LOG_ERROR ("Database connection failed: %s\n",
                     PQerrorMessage (conn));
    GNUNET_break (0);
    return NULL;
  }
  PQsetNoticeReceiver (conn,
                       &pq_notice_receiver_cb,
                       NULL);
  PQsetNoticeProcessor (conn,
                        &pq_notice_processor_cb,
                        NULL);
  return conn;
}


/**
 * Drop all Taler tables.  This should only be used by testcases.
 *
 * @param cls the `struct PostgresClosure` with the plugin-specific state
 * @return #GNUNET_OK upon success; #GNUNET_SYSERR upon failure
 */
static int
postgres_drop_tables (void *cls)
{
  struct PostgresClosure *pc = cls;
  PGconn *conn;

  conn = connect_to_postgres (pc);
  if (NULL == conn)
    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
  GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_INFO,
              "Dropping ALL tables\n");
  SQLEXEC_ (conn,
            "DROP TABLE IF EXISTS test;");
  PQfinish (conn);
  return GNUNET_OK;
 SQLEXEC_fail:
  PQfinish (conn);
  return GNUNET_SYSERR;
}


/**
 * Create the necessary tables if they are not present
 *
 * @param cls the `struct PostgresClosure` with the plugin-specific state
 * @return #GNUNET_OK upon success; #GNUNET_SYSERR upon failure
 */
static int
postgres_create_tables (void *cls)
{
  struct PostgresClosure *pc = cls;
  PGconn *conn;

  conn = connect_to_postgres (pc);
  if (NULL == conn)
    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
#define SQLEXEC(sql) SQLEXEC_(conn, sql);
#define SQLEXEC_INDEX(sql) SQLEXEC_IGNORE_ERROR_(conn, sql);
  SQLEXEC ("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS test"
           "(test_pub BYTEA NOT NULL CHECK (LENGTH(master_pub)=32"
           ")");
  SQLEXEC_INDEX("CREATE INDEX testx "
                "ON test(test_pub)");
#undef SQLEXEC
#undef SQLEXEC_INDEX

  PQfinish (conn);
  return GNUNET_OK;

 SQLEXEC_fail:
  PQfinish (conn);
  return GNUNET_SYSERR;
}


/**
 * Setup prepared statements.
 *
 * @param db_conn connection handle to initialize
 * @return #GNUNET_OK on success, #GNUNET_SYSERR on failure
 */
static int
postgres_prepare (PGconn *db_conn)
{
  PGresult *result;

#define PREPARE(name, sql, ...)                                 \
  do {                                                          \
    result = PQprepare (db_conn, name, sql, __VA_ARGS__);       \
    if (PGRES_COMMAND_OK != PQresultStatus (result))            \
    {                                                           \
      BREAK_DB_ERR (result);                                    \
      PQclear (result); result = NULL;                          \
      return GNUNET_SYSERR;                                     \
    }                                                           \
    PQclear (result); result = NULL;                            \
  } while (0);

  /* Used in #postgres_XXX() */
  PREPARE ("test_insert",
           "INSERT INTO test "
           "(test_pub"
           ") VALUES "
           "($1);",
           1, NULL);
  return GNUNET_OK;
#undef PREPARE
}


/**
 * Close thread-local database connection when a thread is destroyed.
 *
 * @param cls closure we get from pthreads (the db handle)
 */
static void
db_conn_destroy (void *cls)
{
  struct TALER_AUDITORDB_Session *session = cls;
  PGconn *db_conn = session->conn;

  if (NULL != db_conn)
    PQfinish (db_conn);
  GNUNET_free (session);
}


/**
 * Get the thread-local database-handle.
 * Connect to the db if the connection does not exist yet.
 *
 * @param cls the `struct PostgresClosure` with the plugin-specific state
 * @return the database connection, or NULL on error
 */
static struct TALER_AUDITORDB_Session *
postgres_get_session (void *cls)
{
  struct PostgresClosure *pc = cls;
  PGconn *db_conn;
  struct TALER_AUDITORDB_Session *session;

  if (NULL != (session = pthread_getspecific (pc->db_conn_threadlocal)))
    return session;
  db_conn = connect_to_postgres (pc);
  if (NULL == db_conn)
    return NULL;
  if (GNUNET_OK !=
      postgres_prepare (db_conn))
  {
    GNUNET_break (0);
    PQfinish (db_conn);
    return NULL;
  }
  session = GNUNET_new (struct TALER_AUDITORDB_Session);
  session->conn = db_conn;
  if (0 != pthread_setspecific (pc->db_conn_threadlocal,
                                session))
  {
    GNUNET_break (0);
    PQfinish (db_conn);
    GNUNET_free (session);
    return NULL;
  }
  return session;
}


/**
 * Start a transaction.
 *
 * @param cls the `struct PostgresClosure` with the plugin-specific state
 * @param session the database connection
 * @return #GNUNET_OK on success
 */
static int
postgres_start (void *cls,
                struct TALER_AUDITORDB_Session *session)
{
  PGresult *result;

  result = PQexec (session->conn,
                   "START TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL SERIALIZABLE");
  if (PGRES_COMMAND_OK !=
      PQresultStatus (result))
  {
    TALER_LOG_ERROR ("Failed to start transaction: %s\n",
               PQresultErrorMessage (result));
    GNUNET_break (0);
    PQclear (result);
    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
  }

  PQclear (result);
  return GNUNET_OK;
}


/**
 * Roll back the current transaction of a database connection.
 *
 * @param cls the `struct PostgresClosure` with the plugin-specific state
 * @param session the database connection
 * @return #GNUNET_OK on success
 */
static void
postgres_rollback (void *cls,
                   struct TALER_AUDITORDB_Session *session)
{
  PGresult *result;

  result = PQexec (session->conn,
                   "ROLLBACK");
  GNUNET_break (PGRES_COMMAND_OK ==
                PQresultStatus (result));
  PQclear (result);
}


/**
 * Commit the current transaction of a database connection.
 *
 * @param cls the `struct PostgresClosure` with the plugin-specific state
 * @param session the database connection
 * @return #GNUNET_OK on success
 */
static int
postgres_commit (void *cls,
                 struct TALER_AUDITORDB_Session *session)
{
  PGresult *result;

  result = PQexec (session->conn,
                   "COMMIT");
  if (PGRES_COMMAND_OK !=
      PQresultStatus (result))
  {
    const char *sqlstate;

    sqlstate = PQresultErrorField (result,
                                   PG_DIAG_SQLSTATE);
    if (NULL == sqlstate)
    {
      /* very unexpected... */
      GNUNET_break (0);
      PQclear (result);
      return GNUNET_SYSERR;
    }
    /* 40P01: deadlock, 40001: serialization failure */
    if ( (0 == strcmp (sqlstate,
                       "40P01")) ||
         (0 == strcmp (sqlstate,
                       "40001")) )
    {
      /* These two can be retried and have a fair chance of working
         the next time */
      PQclear (result);
      return GNUNET_NO;
    }
    GNUNET_log (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
                "Database commit failure: %s\n",
                sqlstate);
    PQclear (result);
    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
  }
  PQclear (result);
  return GNUNET_OK;
}


/**
 * Function called to perform "garbage collection" on the
 * database, expiring records we no longer require.
 *
 * @param cls closure
 * @return #GNUNET_OK on success,
 *         #GNUNET_SYSERR on DB errors
 */
static int
postgres_gc (void *cls)
{
  struct PostgresClosure *pc = cls;
  struct GNUNET_TIME_Absolute now;
  struct GNUNET_PQ_QueryParam params_time[] = {
    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_absolute_time (&now),
    GNUNET_PQ_query_param_end
  };
  PGconn *conn;
  PGresult *result;

  now = GNUNET_TIME_absolute_get ();
  conn = connect_to_postgres (pc);
  if (NULL == conn)
    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
  if (GNUNET_OK !=
      postgres_prepare (conn))
  {
    PQfinish (conn);
    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
  }
  result = GNUNET_PQ_exec_prepared (conn,
                                    "gc_auditor",
                                    params_time);
  if (PGRES_COMMAND_OK != PQresultStatus (result))
  {
    BREAK_DB_ERR (result);
    PQclear (result);
    PQfinish (conn);
    return GNUNET_SYSERR;
  }
  PQclear (result);
  PQfinish (conn);
  return GNUNET_OK;
}


/**
 * Initialize Postgres database subsystem.
 *
 * @param cls a configuration instance
 * @return NULL on error, otherwise a `struct TALER_AUDITORDB_Plugin`
 */
void *
libtaler_plugin_auditordb_postgres_init (void *cls)
{
  struct GNUNET_CONFIGURATION_Handle *cfg = cls;
  struct PostgresClosure *pg;
  struct TALER_AUDITORDB_Plugin *plugin;
  const char *ec;

  pg = GNUNET_new (struct PostgresClosure);

  if (0 != pthread_key_create (&pg->db_conn_threadlocal,
                               &db_conn_destroy))
  {
    TALER_LOG_ERROR ("Cannnot create pthread key.\n");
    GNUNET_free (pg);
    return NULL;
  }
  ec = getenv ("TALER_AUDITORDB_POSTGRES_CONFIG");
  if (NULL != ec)
  {
    pg->connection_cfg_str = GNUNET_strdup (ec);
  }
  else
  {
    if (GNUNET_OK !=
        GNUNET_CONFIGURATION_get_value_string (cfg,
                                               "auditordb-postgres",
                                               "db_conn_str",
                                               &pg->connection_cfg_str))
    {
      GNUNET_log_config_missing (GNUNET_ERROR_TYPE_ERROR,
                                 "auditordb-postgres",
                                 "db_conn_str");
      GNUNET_free (pg);
      return NULL;
    }
  }
  plugin = GNUNET_new (struct TALER_AUDITORDB_Plugin);
  plugin->cls = pg;
  plugin->get_session = &postgres_get_session;
  plugin->drop_tables = &postgres_drop_tables;
  plugin->create_tables = &postgres_create_tables;
  plugin->start = &postgres_start;
  plugin->commit = &postgres_commit;
  plugin->rollback = &postgres_rollback;
  plugin->gc = &postgres_gc;
  return plugin;
}


/**
 * Shutdown Postgres database subsystem.
 *
 * @param cls a `struct TALER_AUDITORDB_Plugin`
 * @return NULL (always)
 */
void *
libtaler_plugin_auditordb_postgres_done (void *cls)
{
  struct TALER_AUDITORDB_Plugin *plugin = cls;
  struct PostgresClosure *pg = plugin->cls;

  GNUNET_free (pg->connection_cfg_str);
  GNUNET_free (pg);
  GNUNET_free (plugin);
  return NULL;
}

/* end of plugin_auditordb_postgres.c */