/* * Optimizations for Tiny Code Generator for QEMU * * Copyright (c) 2010 Samsung Electronics. * Contributed by Kirill Batuzov * * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: * * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in * all copies or substantial portions of the Software. * * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN * THE SOFTWARE. */ #include "config.h" #include #include #include "qemu-common.h" #include "tcg-op.h" #define CASE_OP_32_64(x) \ glue(glue(case INDEX_op_, x), _i32): \ glue(glue(case INDEX_op_, x), _i64) typedef enum { TCG_TEMP_UNDEF = 0, TCG_TEMP_CONST, TCG_TEMP_COPY, } tcg_temp_state; struct tcg_temp_info { tcg_temp_state state; uint16_t prev_copy; uint16_t next_copy; tcg_target_ulong val; }; static struct tcg_temp_info temps[TCG_MAX_TEMPS]; /* Reset TEMP's state to TCG_TEMP_UNDEF. If TEMP only had one copy, remove the copy flag from the left temp. */ static void reset_temp(TCGArg temp) { if (temps[temp].state == TCG_TEMP_COPY) { if (temps[temp].prev_copy == temps[temp].next_copy) { temps[temps[temp].next_copy].state = TCG_TEMP_UNDEF; } else { temps[temps[temp].next_copy].prev_copy = temps[temp].prev_copy; temps[temps[temp].prev_copy].next_copy = temps[temp].next_copy; } } temps[temp].state = TCG_TEMP_UNDEF; } static int op_bits(TCGOpcode op) { const TCGOpDef *def = &tcg_op_defs[op]; return def->flags & TCG_OPF_64BIT ? 64 : 32; } static TCGOpcode op_to_movi(TCGOpcode op) { switch (op_bits(op)) { case 32: return INDEX_op_movi_i32; case 64: return INDEX_op_movi_i64; default: fprintf(stderr, "op_to_movi: unexpected return value of " "function op_bits.\n"); tcg_abort(); } } static TCGArg find_better_copy(TCGContext *s, TCGArg temp) { TCGArg i; /* If this is already a global, we can't do better. */ if (temp < s->nb_globals) { return temp; } /* Search for a global first. */ for (i = temps[temp].next_copy ; i != temp ; i = temps[i].next_copy) { if (i < s->nb_globals) { return i; } } /* If it is a temp, search for a temp local. */ if (!s->temps[temp].temp_local) { for (i = temps[temp].next_copy ; i != temp ; i = temps[i].next_copy) { if (s->temps[i].temp_local) { return i; } } } /* Failure to find a better representation, return the same temp. */ return temp; } static bool temps_are_copies(TCGArg arg1, TCGArg arg2) { TCGArg i; if (arg1 == arg2) { return true; } if (temps[arg1].state != TCG_TEMP_COPY || temps[arg2].state != TCG_TEMP_COPY) { return false; } for (i = temps[arg1].next_copy ; i != arg1 ; i = temps[i].next_copy) { if (i == arg2) { return true; } } return false; } static void tcg_opt_gen_mov(TCGContext *s, TCGArg *gen_args, TCGArg dst, TCGArg src) { reset_temp(dst); assert(temps[src].state != TCG_TEMP_CONST); if (s->temps[src].type == s->temps[dst].type) { if (temps[src].state != TCG_TEMP_COPY) { temps[src].state = TCG_TEMP_COPY; temps[src].next_copy = src; temps[src].prev_copy = src; } temps[dst].state = TCG_TEMP_COPY; temps[dst].next_copy = temps[src].next_copy; temps[dst].prev_copy = src; temps[temps[dst].next_copy].prev_copy = dst; temps[src].next_copy = dst; } gen_args[0] = dst; gen_args[1] = src; } static void tcg_opt_gen_movi(TCGArg *gen_args, TCGArg dst, TCGArg val) { reset_temp(dst); temps[dst].state = TCG_TEMP_CONST; temps[dst].val = val; gen_args[0] = dst; gen_args[1] = val; } static TCGOpcode op_to_mov(TCGOpcode op) { switch (op_bits(op)) { case 32: return INDEX_op_mov_i32; case 64: return INDEX_op_mov_i64; default: fprintf(stderr, "op_to_mov: unexpected return value of " "function op_bits.\n"); tcg_abort(); } } static TCGArg do_constant_folding_2(TCGOpcode op, TCGArg x, TCGArg y) { switch (op) { CASE_OP_32_64(add): return x + y; CASE_OP_32_64(sub): return x - y; CASE_OP_32_64(mul): return x * y; CASE_OP_32_64(and): return x & y; CASE_OP_32_64(or): return x | y; CASE_OP_32_64(xor): return x ^ y; case INDEX_op_shl_i32: return (uint32_t)x << (uint32_t)y; case INDEX_op_shl_i64: return (uint64_t)x << (uint64_t)y; case INDEX_op_shr_i32: return (uint32_t)x >> (uint32_t)y; case INDEX_op_shr_i64: return (uint64_t)x >> (uint64_t)y; case INDEX_op_sar_i32: return (int32_t)x >> (int32_t)y; case INDEX_op_sar_i64: return (int64_t)x >> (int64_t)y; case INDEX_op_rotr_i32: x = ((uint32_t)x << (32 - y)) | ((uint32_t)x >> y); return x; case INDEX_op_rotr_i64: x = ((uint64_t)x << (64 - y)) | ((uint64_t)x >> y); return x; case INDEX_op_rotl_i32: x = ((uint32_t)x << y) | ((uint32_t)x >> (32 - y)); return x; case INDEX_op_rotl_i64: x = ((uint64_t)x << y) | ((uint64_t)x >> (64 - y)); return x; CASE_OP_32_64(not): return ~x; CASE_OP_32_64(neg): return -x; CASE_OP_32_64(andc): return x & ~y; CASE_OP_32_64(orc): return x | ~y; CASE_OP_32_64(eqv): return ~(x ^ y); CASE_OP_32_64(nand): return ~(x & y); CASE_OP_32_64(nor): return ~(x | y); CASE_OP_32_64(ext8s): return (int8_t)x; CASE_OP_32_64(ext16s): return (int16_t)x; CASE_OP_32_64(ext8u): return (uint8_t)x; CASE_OP_32_64(ext16u): return (uint16_t)x; case INDEX_op_ext32s_i64: return (int32_t)x; case INDEX_op_ext32u_i64: return (uint32_t)x; default: fprintf(stderr, "Unrecognized operation %d in do_constant_folding.\n", op); tcg_abort(); } } static TCGArg do_constant_folding(TCGOpcode op, TCGArg x, TCGArg y) { TCGArg res = do_constant_folding_2(op, x, y); if (op_bits(op) == 32) { res &= 0xffffffff; } return res; } /* Return 2 if the condition can't be simplified, and the result of the condition (0 or 1) if it can */ static TCGArg do_constant_folding_cond(TCGOpcode op, TCGArg x, TCGArg y, TCGCond c) { if (temps[x].state == TCG_TEMP_CONST && temps[y].state == TCG_TEMP_CONST) { switch (op_bits(op)) { case 32: switch (c) { case TCG_COND_EQ: return (uint32_t)temps[x].val == (uint32_t)temps[y].val; case TCG_COND_NE: return (uint32_t)temps[x].val != (uint32_t)temps[y].val; case TCG_COND_LT: return (int32_t)temps[x].val < (int32_t)temps[y].val; case TCG_COND_GE: return (int32_t)temps[x].val >= (int32_t)temps[y].val; case TCG_COND_LE: return (int32_t)temps[x].val <= (int32_t)temps[y].val; case TCG_COND_GT: return (int32_t)temps[x].val > (int32_t)temps[y].val; case TCG_COND_LTU: return (uint32_t)temps[x].val < (uint32_t)temps[y].val; case TCG_COND_GEU: return (uint32_t)temps[x].val >= (uint32_t)temps[y].val; case TCG_COND_LEU: return (uint32_t)temps[x].val <= (uint32_t)temps[y].val; case TCG_COND_GTU: return (uint32_t)temps[x].val > (uint32_t)temps[y].val; } break; case 64: switch (c) { case TCG_COND_EQ: return (uint64_t)temps[x].val == (uint64_t)temps[y].val; case TCG_COND_NE: return (uint64_t)temps[x].val != (uint64_t)temps[y].val; case TCG_COND_LT: return (int64_t)temps[x].val < (int64_t)temps[y].val; case TCG_COND_GE: return (int64_t)temps[x].val >= (int64_t)temps[y].val; case TCG_COND_LE: return (int64_t)temps[x].val <= (int64_t)temps[y].val; case TCG_COND_GT: return (int64_t)temps[x].val > (int64_t)temps[y].val; case TCG_COND_LTU: return (uint64_t)temps[x].val < (uint64_t)temps[y].val; case TCG_COND_GEU: return (uint64_t)temps[x].val >= (uint64_t)temps[y].val; case TCG_COND_LEU: return (uint64_t)temps[x].val <= (uint64_t)temps[y].val; case TCG_COND_GTU: return (uint64_t)temps[x].val > (uint64_t)temps[y].val; } break; } } else if (temps_are_copies(x, y)) { switch (c) { case TCG_COND_GT: case TCG_COND_LTU: case TCG_COND_LT: case TCG_COND_GTU: case TCG_COND_NE: return 0; case TCG_COND_GE: case TCG_COND_GEU: case TCG_COND_LE: case TCG_COND_LEU: case TCG_COND_EQ: return 1; } } else if (temps[y].state == TCG_TEMP_CONST && temps[y].val == 0) { switch (c) { case TCG_COND_LTU: return 0; case TCG_COND_GEU: return 1; default: return 2; } } else { return 2; } fprintf(stderr, "Unrecognized bitness %d or condition %d in " "do_constant_folding_cond.\n", op_bits(op), c); tcg_abort(); } /* Propagate constants and copies, fold constant expressions. */ static TCGArg *tcg_constant_folding(TCGContext *s, uint16_t *tcg_opc_ptr, TCGArg *args, TCGOpDef *tcg_op_defs) { int i, nb_ops, op_index, nb_temps, nb_globals, nb_call_args; TCGOpcode op; const TCGOpDef *def; TCGArg *gen_args; TCGArg tmp; TCGCond cond; /* Array VALS has an element for each temp. If this temp holds a constant then its value is kept in VALS' element. If this temp is a copy of other ones then the other copies are available through the doubly linked circular list. */ nb_temps = s->nb_temps; nb_globals = s->nb_globals; memset(temps, 0, nb_temps * sizeof(struct tcg_temp_info)); nb_ops = tcg_opc_ptr - gen_opc_buf; gen_args = args; for (op_index = 0; op_index < nb_ops; op_index++) { op = gen_opc_buf[op_index]; def = &tcg_op_defs[op]; /* Do copy propagation */ if (op == INDEX_op_call) { int nb_oargs = args[0] >> 16; int nb_iargs = args[0] & 0xffff; for (i = nb_oargs + 1; i < nb_oargs + nb_iargs + 1; i++) { if (temps[args[i]].state == TCG_TEMP_COPY) { args[i] = find_better_copy(s, args[i]); } } } else { for (i = def->nb_oargs; i < def->nb_oargs + def->nb_iargs; i++) { if (temps[args[i]].state == TCG_TEMP_COPY) { args[i] = find_better_copy(s, args[i]); } } } /* For commutative operations make constant second argument */ switch (op) { CASE_OP_32_64(add): CASE_OP_32_64(mul): CASE_OP_32_64(and): CASE_OP_32_64(or): CASE_OP_32_64(xor): CASE_OP_32_64(eqv): CASE_OP_32_64(nand): CASE_OP_32_64(nor): if (temps[args[1]].state == TCG_TEMP_CONST) { tmp = args[1]; args[1] = args[2]; args[2] = tmp; } break; CASE_OP_32_64(brcond): if (temps[args[0]].state == TCG_TEMP_CONST && temps[args[1]].state != TCG_TEMP_CONST) { tmp = args[0]; args[0] = args[1]; args[1] = tmp; args[2] = tcg_swap_cond(args[2]); } break; CASE_OP_32_64(setcond): if (temps[args[1]].state == TCG_TEMP_CONST && temps[args[2]].state != TCG_TEMP_CONST) { tmp = args[1]; args[1] = args[2]; args[2] = tmp; args[3] = tcg_swap_cond(args[3]); } break; CASE_OP_32_64(movcond): cond = args[5]; if (temps[args[1]].state == TCG_TEMP_CONST && temps[args[2]].state != TCG_TEMP_CONST) { tmp = args[1]; args[1] = args[2]; args[2] = tmp; cond = tcg_swap_cond(cond); } /* For movcond, we canonicalize the "false" input reg to match the destination reg so that the tcg backend can implement a "move if true" operation. */ if (args[0] == args[3]) { tmp = args[3]; args[3] = args[4]; args[4] = tmp; cond = tcg_invert_cond(cond); } args[5] = cond; default: break; } /* Simplify expressions for "shift/rot r, 0, a => movi r, 0" */ switch (op) { CASE_OP_32_64(shl): CASE_OP_32_64(shr): CASE_OP_32_64(sar): CASE_OP_32_64(rotl): CASE_OP_32_64(rotr): if (temps[args[1]].state == TCG_TEMP_CONST && temps[args[1]].val == 0) { gen_opc_buf[op_index] = op_to_movi(op); tcg_opt_gen_movi(gen_args, args[0], 0); args += 3; gen_args += 2; continue; } break; default: break; } /* Simplify expression for "op r, a, 0 => mov r, a" cases */ switch (op) { CASE_OP_32_64(add): CASE_OP_32_64(sub): CASE_OP_32_64(shl): CASE_OP_32_64(shr): CASE_OP_32_64(sar): CASE_OP_32_64(rotl): CASE_OP_32_64(rotr): CASE_OP_32_64(or): CASE_OP_32_64(xor): if (temps[args[1]].state == TCG_TEMP_CONST) { /* Proceed with possible constant folding. */ break; } if (temps[args[2]].state == TCG_TEMP_CONST && temps[args[2]].val == 0) { if (temps_are_copies(args[0], args[1])) { gen_opc_buf[op_index] = INDEX_op_nop; } else { gen_opc_buf[op_index] = op_to_mov(op); tcg_opt_gen_mov(s, gen_args, args[0], args[1]); gen_args += 2; } args += 3; continue; } break; default: break; } /* Simplify expression for "op r, a, 0 => movi r, 0" cases */ switch (op) { CASE_OP_32_64(and): CASE_OP_32_64(mul): if ((temps[args[2]].state == TCG_TEMP_CONST && temps[args[2]].val == 0)) { gen_opc_buf[op_index] = op_to_movi(op); tcg_opt_gen_movi(gen_args, args[0], 0); args += 3; gen_args += 2; continue; } break; default: break; } /* Simplify expression for "op r, a, a => mov r, a" cases */ switch (op) { CASE_OP_32_64(or): CASE_OP_32_64(and): if (temps_are_copies(args[1], args[2])) { if (temps_are_copies(args[0], args[1])) { gen_opc_buf[op_index] = INDEX_op_nop; } else { gen_opc_buf[op_index] = op_to_mov(op); tcg_opt_gen_mov(s, gen_args, args[0], args[1]); gen_args += 2; } args += 3; continue; } break; default: break; } /* Simplify expression for "op r, a, a => movi r, 0" cases */ switch (op) { CASE_OP_32_64(sub): CASE_OP_32_64(xor): if (temps_are_copies(args[1], args[2])) { gen_opc_buf[op_index] = op_to_movi(op); tcg_opt_gen_movi(gen_args, args[0], 0); gen_args += 2; args += 3; continue; } break; default: break; } /* Propagate constants through copy operations and do constant folding. Constants will be substituted to arguments by register allocator where needed and possible. Also detect copies. */ switch (op) { CASE_OP_32_64(mov): if (temps_are_copies(args[0], args[1])) { args += 2; gen_opc_buf[op_index] = INDEX_op_nop; break; } if (temps[args[1]].state != TCG_TEMP_CONST) { tcg_opt_gen_mov(s, gen_args, args[0], args[1]); gen_args += 2; args += 2; break; } /* Source argument is constant. Rewrite the operation and let movi case handle it. */ op = op_to_movi(op); gen_opc_buf[op_index] = op; args[1] = temps[args[1]].val; /* fallthrough */ CASE_OP_32_64(movi): tcg_opt_gen_movi(gen_args, args[0], args[1]); gen_args += 2; args += 2; break; CASE_OP_32_64(not): CASE_OP_32_64(neg): CASE_OP_32_64(ext8s): CASE_OP_32_64(ext8u): CASE_OP_32_64(ext16s): CASE_OP_32_64(ext16u): case INDEX_op_ext32s_i64: case INDEX_op_ext32u_i64: if (temps[args[1]].state == TCG_TEMP_CONST) { gen_opc_buf[op_index] = op_to_movi(op); tmp = do_constant_folding(op, temps[args[1]].val, 0); tcg_opt_gen_movi(gen_args, args[0], tmp); } else { reset_temp(args[0]); gen_args[0] = args[0]; gen_args[1] = args[1]; } gen_args += 2; args += 2; break; CASE_OP_32_64(add): CASE_OP_32_64(sub): CASE_OP_32_64(mul): CASE_OP_32_64(or): CASE_OP_32_64(and): CASE_OP_32_64(xor): CASE_OP_32_64(shl): CASE_OP_32_64(shr): CASE_OP_32_64(sar): CASE_OP_32_64(rotl): CASE_OP_32_64(rotr): CASE_OP_32_64(andc): CASE_OP_32_64(orc): CASE_OP_32_64(eqv): CASE_OP_32_64(nand): CASE_OP_32_64(nor): if (temps[args[1]].state == TCG_TEMP_CONST && temps[args[2]].state == TCG_TEMP_CONST) { gen_opc_buf[op_index] = op_to_movi(op); tmp = do_constant_folding(op, temps[args[1]].val, temps[args[2]].val); tcg_opt_gen_movi(gen_args, args[0], tmp); gen_args += 2; } else { reset_temp(args[0]); gen_args[0] = args[0]; gen_args[1] = args[1]; gen_args[2] = args[2]; gen_args += 3; } args += 3; break; CASE_OP_32_64(setcond): tmp = do_constant_folding_cond(op, args[1], args[2], args[3]); if (tmp != 2) { gen_opc_buf[op_index] = op_to_movi(op); tcg_opt_gen_movi(gen_args, args[0], tmp); gen_args += 2; } else { reset_temp(args[0]); gen_args[0] = args[0]; gen_args[1] = args[1]; gen_args[2] = args[2]; gen_args[3] = args[3]; gen_args += 4; } args += 4; break; CASE_OP_32_64(brcond): tmp = do_constant_folding_cond(op, args[0], args[1], args[2]); if (tmp != 2) { if (tmp) { memset(temps, 0, nb_temps * sizeof(struct tcg_temp_info)); gen_opc_buf[op_index] = INDEX_op_br; gen_args[0] = args[3]; gen_args += 1; } else { gen_opc_buf[op_index] = INDEX_op_nop; } } else { memset(temps, 0, nb_temps * sizeof(struct tcg_temp_info)); reset_temp(args[0]); gen_args[0] = args[0]; gen_args[1] = args[1]; gen_args[2] = args[2]; gen_args[3] = args[3]; gen_args += 4; } args += 4; break; CASE_OP_32_64(movcond): tmp = do_constant_folding_cond(op, args[1], args[2], args[5]); if (tmp != 2) { if (temps_are_copies(args[0], args[4-tmp])) { gen_opc_buf[op_index] = INDEX_op_nop; } else if (temps[args[4-tmp]].state == TCG_TEMP_CONST) { gen_opc_buf[op_index] = op_to_movi(op); tcg_opt_gen_movi(gen_args, args[0], temps[args[4-tmp]].val); gen_args += 2; } else { gen_opc_buf[op_index] = op_to_mov(op); tcg_opt_gen_mov(s, gen_args, args[0], args[4-tmp]); gen_args += 2; } } else { reset_temp(args[0]); gen_args[0] = args[0]; gen_args[1] = args[1]; gen_args[2] = args[2]; gen_args[3] = args[3]; gen_args[4] = args[4]; gen_args[5] = args[5]; gen_args += 6; } args += 6; break; case INDEX_op_call: nb_call_args = (args[0] >> 16) + (args[0] & 0xffff); if (!(args[nb_call_args + 1] & (TCG_CALL_CONST | TCG_CALL_PURE))) { for (i = 0; i < nb_globals; i++) { reset_temp(i); } } for (i = 0; i < (args[0] >> 16); i++) { reset_temp(args[i + 1]); } i = nb_call_args + 3; while (i) { *gen_args = *args; args++; gen_args++; i--; } break; default: /* Default case: we do know nothing about operation so no propagation is done. We trash everything if the operation is the end of a basic block, otherwise we only trash the output args. */ if (def->flags & TCG_OPF_BB_END) { memset(temps, 0, nb_temps * sizeof(struct tcg_temp_info)); } else { for (i = 0; i < def->nb_oargs; i++) { reset_temp(args[i]); } } for (i = 0; i < def->nb_args; i++) { gen_args[i] = args[i]; } args += def->nb_args; gen_args += def->nb_args; break; } } return gen_args; } TCGArg *tcg_optimize(TCGContext *s, uint16_t *tcg_opc_ptr, TCGArg *args, TCGOpDef *tcg_op_defs) { TCGArg *res; res = tcg_constant_folding(s, tcg_opc_ptr, args, tcg_op_defs); return res; }