# # QAPI helper library # # Copyright IBM, Corp. 2011 # Copyright (c) 2013-2015 Red Hat Inc. # # Authors: # Anthony Liguori # Markus Armbruster # # This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2. # See the COPYING file in the top-level directory. import re from ordereddict import OrderedDict import os import sys import string builtin_types = { 'str': 'QTYPE_QSTRING', 'int': 'QTYPE_QINT', 'number': 'QTYPE_QFLOAT', 'bool': 'QTYPE_QBOOL', 'int8': 'QTYPE_QINT', 'int16': 'QTYPE_QINT', 'int32': 'QTYPE_QINT', 'int64': 'QTYPE_QINT', 'uint8': 'QTYPE_QINT', 'uint16': 'QTYPE_QINT', 'uint32': 'QTYPE_QINT', 'uint64': 'QTYPE_QINT', 'size': 'QTYPE_QINT', } # Whitelist of commands allowed to return a non-dictionary returns_whitelist = [ # From QMP: 'human-monitor-command', 'query-migrate-cache-size', 'query-tpm-models', 'query-tpm-types', 'ringbuf-read', # From QGA: 'guest-file-open', 'guest-fsfreeze-freeze', 'guest-fsfreeze-freeze-list', 'guest-fsfreeze-status', 'guest-fsfreeze-thaw', 'guest-get-time', 'guest-set-vcpus', 'guest-sync', 'guest-sync-delimited', # From qapi-schema-test: 'user_def_cmd3', ] enum_types = [] struct_types = [] union_types = [] events = [] all_names = {} def error_path(parent): res = "" while parent: res = ("In file included from %s:%d:\n" % (parent['file'], parent['line'])) + res parent = parent['parent'] return res class QAPISchemaError(Exception): def __init__(self, schema, msg): self.input_file = schema.input_file self.msg = msg self.col = 1 self.line = schema.line for ch in schema.src[schema.line_pos:schema.pos]: if ch == '\t': self.col = (self.col + 7) % 8 + 1 else: self.col += 1 self.info = schema.parent_info def __str__(self): return error_path(self.info) + \ "%s:%d:%d: %s" % (self.input_file, self.line, self.col, self.msg) class QAPIExprError(Exception): def __init__(self, expr_info, msg): self.info = expr_info self.msg = msg def __str__(self): return error_path(self.info['parent']) + \ "%s:%d: %s" % (self.info['file'], self.info['line'], self.msg) class QAPISchema: def __init__(self, fp, input_relname=None, include_hist=[], previously_included=[], parent_info=None): """ include_hist is a stack used to detect inclusion cycles previously_included is a global state used to avoid multiple inclusions of the same file""" input_fname = os.path.abspath(fp.name) if input_relname is None: input_relname = fp.name self.input_dir = os.path.dirname(input_fname) self.input_file = input_relname self.include_hist = include_hist + [(input_relname, input_fname)] previously_included.append(input_fname) self.parent_info = parent_info self.src = fp.read() if self.src == '' or self.src[-1] != '\n': self.src += '\n' self.cursor = 0 self.line = 1 self.line_pos = 0 self.exprs = [] self.accept() while self.tok != None: expr_info = {'file': input_relname, 'line': self.line, 'parent': self.parent_info} expr = self.get_expr(False) if isinstance(expr, dict) and "include" in expr: if len(expr) != 1: raise QAPIExprError(expr_info, "Invalid 'include' directive") include = expr["include"] if not isinstance(include, str): raise QAPIExprError(expr_info, 'Expected a file name (string), got: %s' % include) include_path = os.path.join(self.input_dir, include) for elem in self.include_hist: if include_path == elem[1]: raise QAPIExprError(expr_info, "Inclusion loop for %s" % include) # skip multiple include of the same file if include_path in previously_included: continue try: fobj = open(include_path, 'r') except IOError, e: raise QAPIExprError(expr_info, '%s: %s' % (e.strerror, include)) exprs_include = QAPISchema(fobj, include, self.include_hist, previously_included, expr_info) self.exprs.extend(exprs_include.exprs) else: expr_elem = {'expr': expr, 'info': expr_info} self.exprs.append(expr_elem) def accept(self): while True: self.tok = self.src[self.cursor] self.pos = self.cursor self.cursor += 1 self.val = None if self.tok == '#': self.cursor = self.src.find('\n', self.cursor) elif self.tok in ['{', '}', ':', ',', '[', ']']: return elif self.tok == "'": string = '' esc = False while True: ch = self.src[self.cursor] self.cursor += 1 if ch == '\n': raise QAPISchemaError(self, 'Missing terminating "\'"') if esc: if ch == 'b': string += '\b' elif ch == 'f': string += '\f' elif ch == 'n': string += '\n' elif ch == 'r': string += '\r' elif ch == 't': string += '\t' elif ch == 'u': value = 0 for x in range(0, 4): ch = self.src[self.cursor] self.cursor += 1 if ch not in "0123456789abcdefABCDEF": raise QAPISchemaError(self, '\\u escape needs 4 ' 'hex digits') value = (value << 4) + int(ch, 16) # If Python 2 and 3 didn't disagree so much on # how to handle Unicode, then we could allow # Unicode string defaults. But most of QAPI is # ASCII-only, so we aren't losing much for now. if not value or value > 0x7f: raise QAPISchemaError(self, 'For now, \\u escape ' 'only supports non-zero ' 'values up to \\u007f') string += chr(value) elif ch in "\\/'\"": string += ch else: raise QAPISchemaError(self, "Unknown escape \\%s" %ch) esc = False elif ch == "\\": esc = True elif ch == "'": self.val = string return else: string += ch elif self.tok in "tfn": val = self.src[self.cursor - 1:] if val.startswith("true"): self.val = True self.cursor += 3 return elif val.startswith("false"): self.val = False self.cursor += 4 return elif val.startswith("null"): self.val = None self.cursor += 3 return elif self.tok == '\n': if self.cursor == len(self.src): self.tok = None return self.line += 1 self.line_pos = self.cursor elif not self.tok.isspace(): raise QAPISchemaError(self, 'Stray "%s"' % self.tok) def get_members(self): expr = OrderedDict() if self.tok == '}': self.accept() return expr if self.tok != "'": raise QAPISchemaError(self, 'Expected string or "}"') while True: key = self.val self.accept() if self.tok != ':': raise QAPISchemaError(self, 'Expected ":"') self.accept() if key in expr: raise QAPISchemaError(self, 'Duplicate key "%s"' % key) expr[key] = self.get_expr(True) if self.tok == '}': self.accept() return expr if self.tok != ',': raise QAPISchemaError(self, 'Expected "," or "}"') self.accept() if self.tok != "'": raise QAPISchemaError(self, 'Expected string') def get_values(self): expr = [] if self.tok == ']': self.accept() return expr if not self.tok in "{['tfn": raise QAPISchemaError(self, 'Expected "{", "[", "]", string, ' 'boolean or "null"') while True: expr.append(self.get_expr(True)) if self.tok == ']': self.accept() return expr if self.tok != ',': raise QAPISchemaError(self, 'Expected "," or "]"') self.accept() def get_expr(self, nested): if self.tok != '{' and not nested: raise QAPISchemaError(self, 'Expected "{"') if self.tok == '{': self.accept() expr = self.get_members() elif self.tok == '[': self.accept() expr = self.get_values() elif self.tok in "'tfn": expr = self.val self.accept() else: raise QAPISchemaError(self, 'Expected "{", "[" or string') return expr def find_base_fields(base): base_struct_define = find_struct(base) if not base_struct_define: return None return base_struct_define['data'] # Return the qtype of an alternate branch, or None on error. def find_alternate_member_qtype(qapi_type): if builtin_types.has_key(qapi_type): return builtin_types[qapi_type] elif find_struct(qapi_type): return "QTYPE_QDICT" elif find_enum(qapi_type): return "QTYPE_QSTRING" elif find_union(qapi_type): return "QTYPE_QDICT" return None # Return the discriminator enum define if discriminator is specified as an # enum type, otherwise return None. def discriminator_find_enum_define(expr): base = expr.get('base') discriminator = expr.get('discriminator') if not (discriminator and base): return None base_fields = find_base_fields(base) if not base_fields: return None discriminator_type = base_fields.get(discriminator) if not discriminator_type: return None return find_enum(discriminator_type) valid_name = re.compile('^[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_.-]*$') def check_name(expr_info, source, name, allow_optional = False, enum_member = False): global valid_name membername = name if not isinstance(name, str): raise QAPIExprError(expr_info, "%s requires a string name" % source) if name.startswith('*'): membername = name[1:] if not allow_optional: raise QAPIExprError(expr_info, "%s does not allow optional name '%s'" % (source, name)) # Enum members can start with a digit, because the generated C # code always prefixes it with the enum name if enum_member: membername = '_' + membername if not valid_name.match(membername): raise QAPIExprError(expr_info, "%s uses invalid name '%s'" % (source, name)) def check_type(expr_info, source, value, allow_array = False, allow_dict = False, allow_optional = False, allow_star = False, allow_metas = []): global all_names orig_value = value if value is None: return if allow_star and value == '**': return # Check if array type for value is okay if isinstance(value, list): if not allow_array: raise QAPIExprError(expr_info, "%s cannot be an array" % source) if len(value) != 1 or not isinstance(value[0], str): raise QAPIExprError(expr_info, "%s: array type must contain single type name" % source) value = value[0] orig_value = "array of %s" %value # Check if type name for value is okay if isinstance(value, str): if value == '**': raise QAPIExprError(expr_info, "%s uses '**' but did not request 'gen':false" % source) if not value in all_names: raise QAPIExprError(expr_info, "%s uses unknown type '%s'" % (source, orig_value)) if not all_names[value] in allow_metas: raise QAPIExprError(expr_info, "%s cannot use %s type '%s'" % (source, all_names[value], orig_value)) return # value is a dictionary, check that each member is okay if not isinstance(value, OrderedDict): raise QAPIExprError(expr_info, "%s should be a dictionary" % source) if not allow_dict: raise QAPIExprError(expr_info, "%s should be a type name" % source) for (key, arg) in value.items(): check_name(expr_info, "Member of %s" % source, key, allow_optional=allow_optional) # Todo: allow dictionaries to represent default values of # an optional argument. check_type(expr_info, "Member '%s' of %s" % (key, source), arg, allow_array=True, allow_star=allow_star, allow_metas=['built-in', 'union', 'alternate', 'struct', 'enum']) def check_member_clash(expr_info, base_name, data, source = ""): base = find_struct(base_name) assert base base_members = base['data'] for key in data.keys(): if key.startswith('*'): key = key[1:] if key in base_members or "*" + key in base_members: raise QAPIExprError(expr_info, "Member name '%s'%s clashes with base '%s'" % (key, source, base_name)) if base.get('base'): check_member_clash(expr_info, base['base'], data, source) def check_command(expr, expr_info): name = expr['command'] allow_star = expr.has_key('gen') check_type(expr_info, "'data' for command '%s'" % name, expr.get('data'), allow_dict=True, allow_optional=True, allow_metas=['union', 'struct'], allow_star=allow_star) returns_meta = ['union', 'struct'] if name in returns_whitelist: returns_meta += ['built-in', 'alternate', 'enum'] check_type(expr_info, "'returns' for command '%s'" % name, expr.get('returns'), allow_array=True, allow_dict=True, allow_optional=True, allow_metas=returns_meta, allow_star=allow_star) def check_event(expr, expr_info): global events name = expr['event'] params = expr.get('data') if name.upper() == 'MAX': raise QAPIExprError(expr_info, "Event name 'MAX' cannot be created") events.append(name) check_type(expr_info, "'data' for event '%s'" % name, expr.get('data'), allow_dict=True, allow_optional=True, allow_metas=['union', 'struct']) def check_union(expr, expr_info): name = expr['union'] base = expr.get('base') discriminator = expr.get('discriminator') members = expr['data'] values = { 'MAX': '(automatic)' } # If the object has a member 'base', its value must name a struct, # and there must be a discriminator. if base is not None: if discriminator is None: raise QAPIExprError(expr_info, "Union '%s' requires a discriminator to go " "along with base" %name) # Two types of unions, determined by discriminator. # With no discriminator it is a simple union. if discriminator is None: enum_define = None allow_metas=['built-in', 'union', 'alternate', 'struct', 'enum'] if base is not None: raise QAPIExprError(expr_info, "Simple union '%s' must not have a base" % name) # Else, it's a flat union. else: # The object must have a string member 'base'. if not isinstance(base, str): raise QAPIExprError(expr_info, "Flat union '%s' must have a string base field" % name) base_fields = find_base_fields(base) if not base_fields: raise QAPIExprError(expr_info, "Base '%s' is not a valid struct" % base) # The value of member 'discriminator' must name a non-optional # member of the base struct. check_name(expr_info, "Discriminator of flat union '%s'" % name, discriminator) discriminator_type = base_fields.get(discriminator) if not discriminator_type: raise QAPIExprError(expr_info, "Discriminator '%s' is not a member of base " "struct '%s'" % (discriminator, base)) enum_define = find_enum(discriminator_type) allow_metas=['struct'] # Do not allow string discriminator if not enum_define: raise QAPIExprError(expr_info, "Discriminator '%s' must be of enumeration " "type" % discriminator) # Check every branch for (key, value) in members.items(): check_name(expr_info, "Member of union '%s'" % name, key) # Each value must name a known type; furthermore, in flat unions, # branches must be a struct with no overlapping member names check_type(expr_info, "Member '%s' of union '%s'" % (key, name), value, allow_array=True, allow_metas=allow_metas) if base: branch_struct = find_struct(value) assert branch_struct check_member_clash(expr_info, base, branch_struct['data'], " of branch '%s'" % key) # If the discriminator names an enum type, then all members # of 'data' must also be members of the enum type. if enum_define: if not key in enum_define['enum_values']: raise QAPIExprError(expr_info, "Discriminator value '%s' is not found in " "enum '%s'" % (key, enum_define["enum_name"])) # Otherwise, check for conflicts in the generated enum else: c_key = camel_to_upper(key) if c_key in values: raise QAPIExprError(expr_info, "Union '%s' member '%s' clashes with '%s'" % (name, key, values[c_key])) values[c_key] = key def check_alternate(expr, expr_info): name = expr['alternate'] members = expr['data'] values = { 'MAX': '(automatic)' } types_seen = {} # Check every branch for (key, value) in members.items(): check_name(expr_info, "Member of alternate '%s'" % name, key) # Check for conflicts in the generated enum c_key = camel_to_upper(key) if c_key in values: raise QAPIExprError(expr_info, "Alternate '%s' member '%s' clashes with '%s'" % (name, key, values[c_key])) values[c_key] = key # Ensure alternates have no type conflicts. check_type(expr_info, "Member '%s' of alternate '%s'" % (key, name), value, allow_metas=['built-in', 'union', 'struct', 'enum']) qtype = find_alternate_member_qtype(value) assert qtype if qtype in types_seen: raise QAPIExprError(expr_info, "Alternate '%s' member '%s' can't " "be distinguished from member '%s'" % (name, key, types_seen[qtype])) types_seen[qtype] = key def check_enum(expr, expr_info): name = expr['enum'] members = expr.get('data') values = { 'MAX': '(automatic)' } if not isinstance(members, list): raise QAPIExprError(expr_info, "Enum '%s' requires an array for 'data'" % name) for member in members: check_name(expr_info, "Member of enum '%s'" %name, member, enum_member=True) key = camel_to_upper(member) if key in values: raise QAPIExprError(expr_info, "Enum '%s' member '%s' clashes with '%s'" % (name, member, values[key])) values[key] = member def check_struct(expr, expr_info): name = expr['struct'] members = expr['data'] check_type(expr_info, "'data' for struct '%s'" % name, members, allow_dict=True, allow_optional=True) check_type(expr_info, "'base' for struct '%s'" % name, expr.get('base'), allow_metas=['struct']) if expr.get('base'): check_member_clash(expr_info, expr['base'], expr['data']) def check_exprs(schema): for expr_elem in schema.exprs: expr = expr_elem['expr'] info = expr_elem['info'] if expr.has_key('enum'): check_enum(expr, info) elif expr.has_key('union'): check_union(expr, info) elif expr.has_key('alternate'): check_alternate(expr, info) elif expr.has_key('struct'): check_struct(expr, info) elif expr.has_key('command'): check_command(expr, info) elif expr.has_key('event'): check_event(expr, info) else: assert False, 'unexpected meta type' def check_keys(expr_elem, meta, required, optional=[]): expr = expr_elem['expr'] info = expr_elem['info'] name = expr[meta] if not isinstance(name, str): raise QAPIExprError(info, "'%s' key must have a string value" % meta) required = required + [ meta ] for (key, value) in expr.items(): if not key in required and not key in optional: raise QAPIExprError(info, "Unknown key '%s' in %s '%s'" % (key, meta, name)) if (key == 'gen' or key == 'success-response') and value != False: raise QAPIExprError(info, "'%s' of %s '%s' should only use false value" % (key, meta, name)) for key in required: if not expr.has_key(key): raise QAPIExprError(info, "Key '%s' is missing from %s '%s'" % (key, meta, name)) def parse_schema(input_file): global all_names exprs = [] # First pass: read entire file into memory try: schema = QAPISchema(open(input_file, "r")) except (QAPISchemaError, QAPIExprError), e: print >>sys.stderr, e exit(1) try: # Next pass: learn the types and check for valid expression keys. At # this point, top-level 'include' has already been flattened. for builtin in builtin_types.keys(): all_names[builtin] = 'built-in' for expr_elem in schema.exprs: expr = expr_elem['expr'] info = expr_elem['info'] if expr.has_key('enum'): check_keys(expr_elem, 'enum', ['data']) add_enum(expr['enum'], info, expr['data']) elif expr.has_key('union'): check_keys(expr_elem, 'union', ['data'], ['base', 'discriminator']) add_union(expr, info) elif expr.has_key('alternate'): check_keys(expr_elem, 'alternate', ['data']) add_name(expr['alternate'], info, 'alternate') elif expr.has_key('struct'): check_keys(expr_elem, 'struct', ['data'], ['base']) add_struct(expr, info) elif expr.has_key('command'): check_keys(expr_elem, 'command', [], ['data', 'returns', 'gen', 'success-response']) add_name(expr['command'], info, 'command') elif expr.has_key('event'): check_keys(expr_elem, 'event', [], ['data']) add_name(expr['event'], info, 'event') else: raise QAPIExprError(expr_elem['info'], "Expression is missing metatype") exprs.append(expr) # Try again for hidden UnionKind enum for expr_elem in schema.exprs: expr = expr_elem['expr'] if expr.has_key('union'): if not discriminator_find_enum_define(expr): add_enum('%sKind' % expr['union'], expr_elem['info'], implicit=True) elif expr.has_key('alternate'): add_enum('%sKind' % expr['alternate'], expr_elem['info'], implicit=True) # Final pass - validate that exprs make sense check_exprs(schema) except QAPIExprError, e: print >>sys.stderr, e exit(1) return exprs def parse_args(typeinfo): if isinstance(typeinfo, str): struct = find_struct(typeinfo) assert struct != None typeinfo = struct['data'] for member in typeinfo: argname = member argentry = typeinfo[member] optional = False if member.startswith('*'): argname = member[1:] optional = True # Todo: allow argentry to be OrderedDict, for providing the # value of an optional argument. yield (argname, argentry, optional) def de_camel_case(name): new_name = '' for ch in name: if ch.isupper() and new_name: new_name += '_' if ch == '-': new_name += '_' else: new_name += ch.lower() return new_name def camel_case(name): new_name = '' first = True for ch in name: if ch in ['_', '-']: first = True elif first: new_name += ch.upper() first = False else: new_name += ch.lower() return new_name c_name_trans = string.maketrans('.-', '__') def c_name(name, protect=True): # ANSI X3J11/88-090, 3.1.1 c89_words = set(['auto', 'break', 'case', 'char', 'const', 'continue', 'default', 'do', 'double', 'else', 'enum', 'extern', 'float', 'for', 'goto', 'if', 'int', 'long', 'register', 'return', 'short', 'signed', 'sizeof', 'static', 'struct', 'switch', 'typedef', 'union', 'unsigned', 'void', 'volatile', 'while']) # ISO/IEC 9899:1999, 6.4.1 c99_words = set(['inline', 'restrict', '_Bool', '_Complex', '_Imaginary']) # ISO/IEC 9899:2011, 6.4.1 c11_words = set(['_Alignas', '_Alignof', '_Atomic', '_Generic', '_Noreturn', '_Static_assert', '_Thread_local']) # GCC http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc-4.7.1/gcc/C-Extensions.html # excluding _.* gcc_words = set(['asm', 'typeof']) # C++ ISO/IEC 14882:2003 2.11 cpp_words = set(['bool', 'catch', 'class', 'const_cast', 'delete', 'dynamic_cast', 'explicit', 'false', 'friend', 'mutable', 'namespace', 'new', 'operator', 'private', 'protected', 'public', 'reinterpret_cast', 'static_cast', 'template', 'this', 'throw', 'true', 'try', 'typeid', 'typename', 'using', 'virtual', 'wchar_t', # alternative representations 'and', 'and_eq', 'bitand', 'bitor', 'compl', 'not', 'not_eq', 'or', 'or_eq', 'xor', 'xor_eq']) # namespace pollution: polluted_words = set(['unix', 'errno']) if protect and (name in c89_words | c99_words | c11_words | gcc_words | cpp_words | polluted_words): return "q_" + name return name.translate(c_name_trans) def c_list_type(name): return '%sList' % name def type_name(name): if type(name) == list: return c_list_type(name[0]) return name def add_name(name, info, meta, implicit = False): global all_names check_name(info, "'%s'" % meta, name) if name in all_names: raise QAPIExprError(info, "%s '%s' is already defined" % (all_names[name], name)) if not implicit and name[-4:] == 'Kind': raise QAPIExprError(info, "%s '%s' should not end in 'Kind'" % (meta, name)) all_names[name] = meta def add_struct(definition, info): global struct_types name = definition['struct'] add_name(name, info, 'struct') struct_types.append(definition) def find_struct(name): global struct_types for struct in struct_types: if struct['struct'] == name: return struct return None def add_union(definition, info): global union_types name = definition['union'] add_name(name, info, 'union') union_types.append(definition) def find_union(name): global union_types for union in union_types: if union['union'] == name: return union return None def add_enum(name, info, enum_values = None, implicit = False): global enum_types add_name(name, info, 'enum', implicit) enum_types.append({"enum_name": name, "enum_values": enum_values}) def find_enum(name): global enum_types for enum in enum_types: if enum['enum_name'] == name: return enum return None def is_enum(name): return find_enum(name) != None eatspace = '\033EATSPACE.' # A special suffix is added in c_type() for pointer types, and it's # stripped in mcgen(). So please notice this when you check the return # value of c_type() outside mcgen(). def c_type(name, is_param=False): if name == 'str': if is_param: return 'const char *' + eatspace return 'char *' + eatspace elif name == 'int': return 'int64_t' elif (name == 'int8' or name == 'int16' or name == 'int32' or name == 'int64' or name == 'uint8' or name == 'uint16' or name == 'uint32' or name == 'uint64'): return name + '_t' elif name == 'size': return 'uint64_t' elif name == 'bool': return 'bool' elif name == 'number': return 'double' elif type(name) == list: return '%s *%s' % (c_list_type(name[0]), eatspace) elif is_enum(name): return name elif name == None or len(name) == 0: return 'void' elif name in events: return '%sEvent *%s' % (camel_case(name), eatspace) else: return '%s *%s' % (name, eatspace) def is_c_ptr(name): suffix = "*" + eatspace return c_type(name).endswith(suffix) def genindent(count): ret = "" for i in range(count): ret += " " return ret indent_level = 0 def push_indent(indent_amount=4): global indent_level indent_level += indent_amount def pop_indent(indent_amount=4): global indent_level indent_level -= indent_amount def cgen(code, **kwds): indent = genindent(indent_level) lines = code.split('\n') lines = map(lambda x: indent + x, lines) return '\n'.join(lines) % kwds + '\n' def mcgen(code, **kwds): raw = cgen('\n'.join(code.split('\n')[1:-1]), **kwds) return re.sub(re.escape(eatspace) + ' *', '', raw) def basename(filename): return filename.split("/")[-1] def guardname(filename): guard = basename(filename).rsplit(".", 1)[0] for substr in [".", " ", "-"]: guard = guard.replace(substr, "_") return guard.upper() + '_H' def guardstart(name): return mcgen(''' #ifndef %(name)s #define %(name)s ''', name=guardname(name)) def guardend(name): return mcgen(''' #endif /* %(name)s */ ''', name=guardname(name)) # ENUMName -> ENUM_NAME, EnumName1 -> ENUM_NAME1 # ENUM_NAME -> ENUM_NAME, ENUM_NAME1 -> ENUM_NAME1, ENUM_Name2 -> ENUM_NAME2 # ENUM24_Name -> ENUM24_NAME def camel_to_upper(value): c_fun_str = c_name(value, False) if value.isupper(): return c_fun_str new_name = '' l = len(c_fun_str) for i in range(l): c = c_fun_str[i] # When c is upper and no "_" appears before, do more checks if c.isupper() and (i > 0) and c_fun_str[i - 1] != "_": # Case 1: next string is lower # Case 2: previous string is digit if (i < (l - 1) and c_fun_str[i + 1].islower()) or \ c_fun_str[i - 1].isdigit(): new_name += '_' new_name += c return new_name.lstrip('_').upper() def c_enum_const(type_name, const_name): abbrev_string = camel_to_upper(type_name) value_string = camel_to_upper(const_name) return "%s_%s" % (abbrev_string, value_string)