/* * QEMU live migration * * Copyright IBM, Corp. 2008 * * Authors: * Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com> * * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2. See * the COPYING file in the top-level directory. * * Contributions after 2012-01-13 are licensed under the terms of the * GNU GPL, version 2 or (at your option) any later version. */ #include "qemu-common.h" #include "qemu/main-loop.h" #include "migration/migration.h" #include "monitor/monitor.h" #include "migration/qemu-file.h" #include "sysemu/sysemu.h" #include "block/block.h" #include "qemu/sockets.h" #include "migration/block.h" #include "qemu/thread.h" #include "qmp-commands.h" #include "trace.h" enum { MIG_STATE_ERROR = -1, MIG_STATE_NONE, MIG_STATE_SETUP, MIG_STATE_CANCELLING, MIG_STATE_CANCELLED, MIG_STATE_ACTIVE, MIG_STATE_COMPLETED, }; #define MAX_THROTTLE (32 << 20) /* Migration speed throttling */ /* Amount of time to allocate to each "chunk" of bandwidth-throttled * data. */ #define BUFFER_DELAY 100 #define XFER_LIMIT_RATIO (1000 / BUFFER_DELAY) /* Migration XBZRLE default cache size */ #define DEFAULT_MIGRATE_CACHE_SIZE (64 * 1024 * 1024) static NotifierList migration_state_notifiers = NOTIFIER_LIST_INITIALIZER(migration_state_notifiers); /* When we add fault tolerance, we could have several migrations at once. For now we don't need to add dynamic creation of migration */ MigrationState *migrate_get_current(void) { static MigrationState current_migration = { .state = MIG_STATE_NONE, .bandwidth_limit = MAX_THROTTLE, .xbzrle_cache_size = DEFAULT_MIGRATE_CACHE_SIZE, .mbps = -1, }; return ¤t_migration; } void qemu_start_incoming_migration(const char *uri, Error **errp) { const char *p; if (strstart(uri, "tcp:", &p)) tcp_start_incoming_migration(p, errp); #ifdef CONFIG_RDMA else if (strstart(uri, "rdma:", &p)) rdma_start_incoming_migration(p, errp); #endif #if !defined(WIN32) else if (strstart(uri, "exec:", &p)) exec_start_incoming_migration(p, errp); else if (strstart(uri, "unix:", &p)) unix_start_incoming_migration(p, errp); else if (strstart(uri, "fd:", &p)) fd_start_incoming_migration(p, errp); #endif else { error_setg(errp, "unknown migration protocol: %s", uri); } } static void process_incoming_migration_co(void *opaque) { QEMUFile *f = opaque; Error *local_err = NULL; int ret; ret = qemu_loadvm_state(f); qemu_fclose(f); free_xbzrle_decoded_buf(); if (ret < 0) { fprintf(stderr, "load of migration failed\n"); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } qemu_announce_self(); bdrv_clear_incoming_migration_all(); /* Make sure all file formats flush their mutable metadata */ bdrv_invalidate_cache_all(&local_err); if (local_err) { qerror_report_err(local_err); error_free(local_err); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } if (autostart) { vm_start(); } else { runstate_set(RUN_STATE_PAUSED); } } void process_incoming_migration(QEMUFile *f) { Coroutine *co = qemu_coroutine_create(process_incoming_migration_co); int fd = qemu_get_fd(f); assert(fd != -1); qemu_set_nonblock(fd); qemu_coroutine_enter(co, f); } /* amount of nanoseconds we are willing to wait for migration to be down. * the choice of nanoseconds is because it is the maximum resolution that * get_clock() can achieve. It is an internal measure. All user-visible * units must be in seconds */ static uint64_t max_downtime = 30000000; uint64_t migrate_max_downtime(void) { return max_downtime; } MigrationCapabilityStatusList *qmp_query_migrate_capabilities(Error **errp) { MigrationCapabilityStatusList *head = NULL; MigrationCapabilityStatusList *caps; MigrationState *s = migrate_get_current(); int i; caps = NULL; /* silence compiler warning */ for (i = 0; i < MIGRATION_CAPABILITY_MAX; i++) { if (head == NULL) { head = g_malloc0(sizeof(*caps)); caps = head; } else { caps->next = g_malloc0(sizeof(*caps)); caps = caps->next; } caps->value = g_malloc(sizeof(*caps->value)); caps->value->capability = i; caps->value->state = s->enabled_capabilities[i]; } return head; } static void get_xbzrle_cache_stats(MigrationInfo *info) { if (migrate_use_xbzrle()) { info->has_xbzrle_cache = true; info->xbzrle_cache = g_malloc0(sizeof(*info->xbzrle_cache)); info->xbzrle_cache->cache_size = migrate_xbzrle_cache_size(); info->xbzrle_cache->bytes = xbzrle_mig_bytes_transferred(); info->xbzrle_cache->pages = xbzrle_mig_pages_transferred(); info->xbzrle_cache->cache_miss = xbzrle_mig_pages_cache_miss(); info->xbzrle_cache->overflow = xbzrle_mig_pages_overflow(); } } MigrationInfo *qmp_query_migrate(Error **errp) { MigrationInfo *info = g_malloc0(sizeof(*info)); MigrationState *s = migrate_get_current(); switch (s->state) { case MIG_STATE_NONE: /* no migration has happened ever */ break; case MIG_STATE_SETUP: info->has_status = true; info->status = g_strdup("setup"); info->has_total_time = false; break; case MIG_STATE_ACTIVE: case MIG_STATE_CANCELLING: info->has_status = true; info->status = g_strdup("active"); info->has_total_time = true; info->total_time = qemu_clock_get_ms(QEMU_CLOCK_REALTIME) - s->total_time; info->has_expected_downtime = true; info->expected_downtime = s->expected_downtime; info->has_setup_time = true; info->setup_time = s->setup_time; info->has_ram = true; info->ram = g_malloc0(sizeof(*info->ram)); info->ram->transferred = ram_bytes_transferred(); info->ram->remaining = ram_bytes_remaining(); info->ram->total = ram_bytes_total(); info->ram->duplicate = dup_mig_pages_transferred(); info->ram->skipped = skipped_mig_pages_transferred(); info->ram->normal = norm_mig_pages_transferred(); info->ram->normal_bytes = norm_mig_bytes_transferred(); info->ram->dirty_pages_rate = s->dirty_pages_rate; info->ram->mbps = s->mbps; if (blk_mig_active()) { info->has_disk = true; info->disk = g_malloc0(sizeof(*info->disk)); info->disk->transferred = blk_mig_bytes_transferred(); info->disk->remaining = blk_mig_bytes_remaining(); info->disk->total = blk_mig_bytes_total(); } get_xbzrle_cache_stats(info); break; case MIG_STATE_COMPLETED: get_xbzrle_cache_stats(info); info->has_status = true; info->status = g_strdup("completed"); info->has_total_time = true; info->total_time = s->total_time; info->has_downtime = true; info->downtime = s->downtime; info->has_setup_time = true; info->setup_time = s->setup_time; info->has_ram = true; info->ram = g_malloc0(sizeof(*info->ram)); info->ram->transferred = ram_bytes_transferred(); info->ram->remaining = 0; info->ram->total = ram_bytes_total(); info->ram->duplicate = dup_mig_pages_transferred(); info->ram->skipped = skipped_mig_pages_transferred(); info->ram->normal = norm_mig_pages_transferred(); info->ram->normal_bytes = norm_mig_bytes_transferred(); info->ram->mbps = s->mbps; break; case MIG_STATE_ERROR: info->has_status = true; info->status = g_strdup("failed"); break; case MIG_STATE_CANCELLED: info->has_status = true; info->status = g_strdup("cancelled"); break; } return info; } void qmp_migrate_set_capabilities(MigrationCapabilityStatusList *params, Error **errp) { MigrationState *s = migrate_get_current(); MigrationCapabilityStatusList *cap; if (s->state == MIG_STATE_ACTIVE || s->state == MIG_STATE_SETUP) { error_set(errp, QERR_MIGRATION_ACTIVE); return; } for (cap = params; cap; cap = cap->next) { s->enabled_capabilities[cap->value->capability] = cap->value->state; } } /* shared migration helpers */ static void migrate_set_state(MigrationState *s, int old_state, int new_state) { if (atomic_cmpxchg(&s->state, old_state, new_state) == new_state) { trace_migrate_set_state(new_state); } } static void migrate_fd_cleanup(void *opaque) { MigrationState *s = opaque; qemu_bh_delete(s->cleanup_bh); s->cleanup_bh = NULL; if (s->file) { trace_migrate_fd_cleanup(); qemu_mutex_unlock_iothread(); qemu_thread_join(&s->thread); qemu_mutex_lock_iothread(); qemu_fclose(s->file); s->file = NULL; } assert(s->state != MIG_STATE_ACTIVE); if (s->state != MIG_STATE_COMPLETED) { qemu_savevm_state_cancel(); if (s->state == MIG_STATE_CANCELLING) { migrate_set_state(s, MIG_STATE_CANCELLING, MIG_STATE_CANCELLED); } } notifier_list_notify(&migration_state_notifiers, s); } void migrate_fd_error(MigrationState *s) { trace_migrate_fd_error(); assert(s->file == NULL); s->state = MIG_STATE_ERROR; trace_migrate_set_state(MIG_STATE_ERROR); notifier_list_notify(&migration_state_notifiers, s); } static void migrate_fd_cancel(MigrationState *s) { int old_state ; trace_migrate_fd_cancel(); do { old_state = s->state; if (old_state != MIG_STATE_SETUP && old_state != MIG_STATE_ACTIVE) { break; } migrate_set_state(s, old_state, MIG_STATE_CANCELLING); } while (s->state != MIG_STATE_CANCELLING); } void add_migration_state_change_notifier(Notifier *notify) { notifier_list_add(&migration_state_notifiers, notify); } void remove_migration_state_change_notifier(Notifier *notify) { notifier_remove(notify); } bool migration_in_setup(MigrationState *s) { return s->state == MIG_STATE_SETUP; } bool migration_has_finished(MigrationState *s) { return s->state == MIG_STATE_COMPLETED; } bool migration_has_failed(MigrationState *s) { return (s->state == MIG_STATE_CANCELLED || s->state == MIG_STATE_ERROR); } static MigrationState *migrate_init(const MigrationParams *params) { MigrationState *s = migrate_get_current(); int64_t bandwidth_limit = s->bandwidth_limit; bool enabled_capabilities[MIGRATION_CAPABILITY_MAX]; int64_t xbzrle_cache_size = s->xbzrle_cache_size; memcpy(enabled_capabilities, s->enabled_capabilities, sizeof(enabled_capabilities)); memset(s, 0, sizeof(*s)); s->params = *params; memcpy(s->enabled_capabilities, enabled_capabilities, sizeof(enabled_capabilities)); s->xbzrle_cache_size = xbzrle_cache_size; s->bandwidth_limit = bandwidth_limit; s->state = MIG_STATE_SETUP; trace_migrate_set_state(MIG_STATE_SETUP); s->total_time = qemu_clock_get_ms(QEMU_CLOCK_REALTIME); return s; } static GSList *migration_blockers; void migrate_add_blocker(Error *reason) { migration_blockers = g_slist_prepend(migration_blockers, reason); } void migrate_del_blocker(Error *reason) { migration_blockers = g_slist_remove(migration_blockers, reason); } void qmp_migrate(const char *uri, bool has_blk, bool blk, bool has_inc, bool inc, bool has_detach, bool detach, Error **errp) { Error *local_err = NULL; MigrationState *s = migrate_get_current(); MigrationParams params; const char *p; params.blk = has_blk && blk; params.shared = has_inc && inc; if (s->state == MIG_STATE_ACTIVE || s->state == MIG_STATE_SETUP || s->state == MIG_STATE_CANCELLING) { error_set(errp, QERR_MIGRATION_ACTIVE); return; } if (qemu_savevm_state_blocked(errp)) { return; } if (migration_blockers) { *errp = error_copy(migration_blockers->data); return; } s = migrate_init(¶ms); if (strstart(uri, "tcp:", &p)) { tcp_start_outgoing_migration(s, p, &local_err); #ifdef CONFIG_RDMA } else if (strstart(uri, "rdma:", &p)) { rdma_start_outgoing_migration(s, p, &local_err); #endif #if !defined(WIN32) } else if (strstart(uri, "exec:", &p)) { exec_start_outgoing_migration(s, p, &local_err); } else if (strstart(uri, "unix:", &p)) { unix_start_outgoing_migration(s, p, &local_err); } else if (strstart(uri, "fd:", &p)) { fd_start_outgoing_migration(s, p, &local_err); #endif } else { error_set(errp, QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE, "uri", "a valid migration protocol"); s->state = MIG_STATE_ERROR; return; } if (local_err) { migrate_fd_error(s); error_propagate(errp, local_err); return; } } void qmp_migrate_cancel(Error **errp) { migrate_fd_cancel(migrate_get_current()); } void qmp_migrate_set_cache_size(int64_t value, Error **errp) { MigrationState *s = migrate_get_current(); int64_t new_size; /* Check for truncation */ if (value != (size_t)value) { error_set(errp, QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE, "cache size", "exceeding address space"); return; } /* Cache should not be larger than guest ram size */ if (value > ram_bytes_total()) { error_set(errp, QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE, "cache size", "exceeds guest ram size "); return; } new_size = xbzrle_cache_resize(value); if (new_size < 0) { error_set(errp, QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE, "cache size", "is smaller than page size"); return; } s->xbzrle_cache_size = new_size; } int64_t qmp_query_migrate_cache_size(Error **errp) { return migrate_xbzrle_cache_size(); } void qmp_migrate_set_speed(int64_t value, Error **errp) { MigrationState *s; if (value < 0) { value = 0; } if (value > SIZE_MAX) { value = SIZE_MAX; } s = migrate_get_current(); s->bandwidth_limit = value; if (s->file) { qemu_file_set_rate_limit(s->file, s->bandwidth_limit / XFER_LIMIT_RATIO); } } void qmp_migrate_set_downtime(double value, Error **errp) { value *= 1e9; value = MAX(0, MIN(UINT64_MAX, value)); max_downtime = (uint64_t)value; } bool migrate_rdma_pin_all(void) { MigrationState *s; s = migrate_get_current(); return s->enabled_capabilities[MIGRATION_CAPABILITY_RDMA_PIN_ALL]; } bool migrate_auto_converge(void) { MigrationState *s; s = migrate_get_current(); return s->enabled_capabilities[MIGRATION_CAPABILITY_AUTO_CONVERGE]; } bool migrate_zero_blocks(void) { MigrationState *s; s = migrate_get_current(); return s->enabled_capabilities[MIGRATION_CAPABILITY_ZERO_BLOCKS]; } int migrate_use_xbzrle(void) { MigrationState *s; s = migrate_get_current(); return s->enabled_capabilities[MIGRATION_CAPABILITY_XBZRLE]; } int64_t migrate_xbzrle_cache_size(void) { MigrationState *s; s = migrate_get_current(); return s->xbzrle_cache_size; } /* migration thread support */ static void *migration_thread(void *opaque) { MigrationState *s = opaque; int64_t initial_time = qemu_clock_get_ms(QEMU_CLOCK_REALTIME); int64_t setup_start = qemu_clock_get_ms(QEMU_CLOCK_HOST); int64_t initial_bytes = 0; int64_t max_size = 0; int64_t start_time = initial_time; bool old_vm_running = false; qemu_savevm_state_begin(s->file, &s->params); s->setup_time = qemu_clock_get_ms(QEMU_CLOCK_HOST) - setup_start; migrate_set_state(s, MIG_STATE_SETUP, MIG_STATE_ACTIVE); while (s->state == MIG_STATE_ACTIVE) { int64_t current_time; uint64_t pending_size; if (!qemu_file_rate_limit(s->file)) { pending_size = qemu_savevm_state_pending(s->file, max_size); trace_migrate_pending(pending_size, max_size); if (pending_size && pending_size >= max_size) { qemu_savevm_state_iterate(s->file); } else { int ret; qemu_mutex_lock_iothread(); start_time = qemu_clock_get_ms(QEMU_CLOCK_REALTIME); qemu_system_wakeup_request(QEMU_WAKEUP_REASON_OTHER); old_vm_running = runstate_is_running(); ret = vm_stop_force_state(RUN_STATE_FINISH_MIGRATE); if (ret >= 0) { qemu_file_set_rate_limit(s->file, INT64_MAX); qemu_savevm_state_complete(s->file); } qemu_mutex_unlock_iothread(); if (ret < 0) { migrate_set_state(s, MIG_STATE_ACTIVE, MIG_STATE_ERROR); break; } if (!qemu_file_get_error(s->file)) { migrate_set_state(s, MIG_STATE_ACTIVE, MIG_STATE_COMPLETED); break; } } } if (qemu_file_get_error(s->file)) { migrate_set_state(s, MIG_STATE_ACTIVE, MIG_STATE_ERROR); break; } current_time = qemu_clock_get_ms(QEMU_CLOCK_REALTIME); if (current_time >= initial_time + BUFFER_DELAY) { uint64_t transferred_bytes = qemu_ftell(s->file) - initial_bytes; uint64_t time_spent = current_time - initial_time; double bandwidth = transferred_bytes / time_spent; max_size = bandwidth * migrate_max_downtime() / 1000000; s->mbps = time_spent ? (((double) transferred_bytes * 8.0) / ((double) time_spent / 1000.0)) / 1000.0 / 1000.0 : -1; trace_migrate_transferred(transferred_bytes, time_spent, bandwidth, max_size); /* if we haven't sent anything, we don't want to recalculate 10000 is a small enough number for our purposes */ if (s->dirty_bytes_rate && transferred_bytes > 10000) { s->expected_downtime = s->dirty_bytes_rate / bandwidth; } qemu_file_reset_rate_limit(s->file); initial_time = current_time; initial_bytes = qemu_ftell(s->file); } if (qemu_file_rate_limit(s->file)) { /* usleep expects microseconds */ g_usleep((initial_time + BUFFER_DELAY - current_time)*1000); } } qemu_mutex_lock_iothread(); if (s->state == MIG_STATE_COMPLETED) { int64_t end_time = qemu_clock_get_ms(QEMU_CLOCK_REALTIME); s->total_time = end_time - s->total_time; s->downtime = end_time - start_time; runstate_set(RUN_STATE_POSTMIGRATE); } else { if (old_vm_running) { vm_start(); } } qemu_bh_schedule(s->cleanup_bh); qemu_mutex_unlock_iothread(); return NULL; } void migrate_fd_connect(MigrationState *s) { s->state = MIG_STATE_SETUP; trace_migrate_set_state(MIG_STATE_SETUP); /* This is a best 1st approximation. ns to ms */ s->expected_downtime = max_downtime/1000000; s->cleanup_bh = qemu_bh_new(migrate_fd_cleanup, s); qemu_file_set_rate_limit(s->file, s->bandwidth_limit / XFER_LIMIT_RATIO); /* Notify before starting migration thread */ notifier_list_notify(&migration_state_notifiers, s); qemu_thread_create(&s->thread, "migration", migration_thread, s, QEMU_THREAD_JOINABLE); }