/* * Raspberry Pi emulation (c) 2012 Gregory Estrade * Upstreaming code cleanup [including bcm2835_*] (c) 2013 Jan Petrous * * Rasperry Pi 2 emulation Copyright (c) 2015, Microsoft * Written by Andrew Baumann * * Raspberry Pi 3 emulation Copyright (c) 2018 Zoltán Baldaszti * Upstream code cleanup (c) 2018 Pekka Enberg * * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later. * See the COPYING file in the top-level directory. */ #include "qemu/osdep.h" #include "qemu/units.h" #include "qemu/cutils.h" #include "qapi/error.h" #include "cpu.h" #include "hw/arm/bcm2836.h" #include "hw/registerfields.h" #include "qemu/error-report.h" #include "hw/boards.h" #include "hw/loader.h" #include "hw/arm/boot.h" #include "sysemu/sysemu.h" #define SMPBOOT_ADDR 0x300 /* this should leave enough space for ATAGS */ #define MVBAR_ADDR 0x400 /* secure vectors */ #define BOARDSETUP_ADDR (MVBAR_ADDR + 0x20) /* board setup code */ #define FIRMWARE_ADDR_2 0x8000 /* Pi 2 loads kernel.img here by default */ #define FIRMWARE_ADDR_3 0x80000 /* Pi 3 loads kernel.img here by default */ #define SPINTABLE_ADDR 0xd8 /* Pi 3 bootloader spintable */ /* Registered machine type (matches RPi Foundation bootloader and U-Boot) */ #define MACH_TYPE_BCM2708 3138 typedef struct RaspiMachineState { /*< private >*/ MachineState parent_obj; /*< public >*/ BCM283XState soc; } RaspiMachineState; typedef struct RaspiMachineClass { /*< private >*/ MachineClass parent_obj; /*< public >*/ uint32_t board_rev; } RaspiMachineClass; #define TYPE_RASPI_MACHINE MACHINE_TYPE_NAME("raspi-common") #define RASPI_MACHINE(obj) \ OBJECT_CHECK(RaspiMachineState, (obj), TYPE_RASPI_MACHINE) #define RASPI_MACHINE_CLASS(klass) \ OBJECT_CLASS_CHECK(RaspiMachineClass, (klass), TYPE_RASPI_MACHINE) #define RASPI_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(obj) \ OBJECT_GET_CLASS(RaspiMachineClass, (obj), TYPE_RASPI_MACHINE) /* * Board revision codes: * www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/raspberrypi/revision-codes/ */ FIELD(REV_CODE, REVISION, 0, 4); FIELD(REV_CODE, TYPE, 4, 8); FIELD(REV_CODE, PROCESSOR, 12, 4); FIELD(REV_CODE, MANUFACTURER, 16, 4); FIELD(REV_CODE, MEMORY_SIZE, 20, 3); FIELD(REV_CODE, STYLE, 23, 1); static uint64_t board_ram_size(uint32_t board_rev) { assert(FIELD_EX32(board_rev, REV_CODE, STYLE)); /* Only new style */ return 256 * MiB << FIELD_EX32(board_rev, REV_CODE, MEMORY_SIZE); } static int board_processor_id(uint32_t board_rev) { assert(FIELD_EX32(board_rev, REV_CODE, STYLE)); /* Only new style */ return FIELD_EX32(board_rev, REV_CODE, PROCESSOR); } static int board_version(uint32_t board_rev) { return board_processor_id(board_rev) + 1; } static const char *board_soc_type(uint32_t board_rev) { static const char *soc_types[] = { NULL, TYPE_BCM2836, TYPE_BCM2837, }; int proc_id = board_processor_id(board_rev); if (proc_id >= ARRAY_SIZE(soc_types) || !soc_types[proc_id]) { error_report("Unsupported processor id '%d' (board revision: 0x%x)", proc_id, board_rev); exit(1); } return soc_types[proc_id]; } static int cores_count(uint32_t board_rev) { static const int soc_cores_count[] = { 0, BCM283X_NCPUS, BCM283X_NCPUS, }; int proc_id = board_processor_id(board_rev); if (proc_id >= ARRAY_SIZE(soc_cores_count) || !soc_cores_count[proc_id]) { error_report("Unsupported processor id '%d' (board revision: 0x%x)", proc_id, board_rev); exit(1); } return soc_cores_count[proc_id]; } static const char *board_type(uint32_t board_rev) { static const char *types[] = { "A", "B", "A+", "B+", "2B", "Alpha", "CM1", NULL, "3B", "Zero", "CM3", NULL, "Zero W", "3B+", "3A+", NULL, "CM3+", "4B", }; assert(FIELD_EX32(board_rev, REV_CODE, STYLE)); /* Only new style */ int bt = FIELD_EX32(board_rev, REV_CODE, TYPE); if (bt >= ARRAY_SIZE(types) || !types[bt]) { return "Unknown"; } return types[bt]; } static void write_smpboot(ARMCPU *cpu, const struct arm_boot_info *info) { static const uint32_t smpboot[] = { 0xe1a0e00f, /* mov lr, pc */ 0xe3a0fe00 + (BOARDSETUP_ADDR >> 4), /* mov pc, BOARDSETUP_ADDR */ 0xee100fb0, /* mrc p15, 0, r0, c0, c0, 5;get core ID */ 0xe7e10050, /* ubfx r0, r0, #0, #2 ;extract LSB */ 0xe59f5014, /* ldr r5, =0x400000CC ;load mbox base */ 0xe320f001, /* 1: yield */ 0xe7953200, /* ldr r3, [r5, r0, lsl #4] ;read mbox for our core*/ 0xe3530000, /* cmp r3, #0 ;spin while zero */ 0x0afffffb, /* beq 1b */ 0xe7853200, /* str r3, [r5, r0, lsl #4] ;clear mbox */ 0xe12fff13, /* bx r3 ;jump to target */ 0x400000cc, /* (constant: mailbox 3 read/clear base) */ }; /* check that we don't overrun board setup vectors */ QEMU_BUILD_BUG_ON(SMPBOOT_ADDR + sizeof(smpboot) > MVBAR_ADDR); /* check that board setup address is correctly relocated */ QEMU_BUILD_BUG_ON((BOARDSETUP_ADDR & 0xf) != 0 || (BOARDSETUP_ADDR >> 4) >= 0x100); rom_add_blob_fixed_as("raspi_smpboot", smpboot, sizeof(smpboot), info->smp_loader_start, arm_boot_address_space(cpu, info)); } static void write_smpboot64(ARMCPU *cpu, const struct arm_boot_info *info) { AddressSpace *as = arm_boot_address_space(cpu, info); /* Unlike the AArch32 version we don't need to call the board setup hook. * The mechanism for doing the spin-table is also entirely different. * We must have four 64-bit fields at absolute addresses * 0xd8, 0xe0, 0xe8, 0xf0 in RAM, which are the flag variables for * our CPUs, and which we must ensure are zero initialized before * the primary CPU goes into the kernel. We put these variables inside * a rom blob, so that the reset for ROM contents zeroes them for us. */ static const uint32_t smpboot[] = { 0xd2801b05, /* mov x5, 0xd8 */ 0xd53800a6, /* mrs x6, mpidr_el1 */ 0x924004c6, /* and x6, x6, #0x3 */ 0xd503205f, /* spin: wfe */ 0xf86678a4, /* ldr x4, [x5,x6,lsl #3] */ 0xb4ffffc4, /* cbz x4, spin */ 0xd2800000, /* mov x0, #0x0 */ 0xd2800001, /* mov x1, #0x0 */ 0xd2800002, /* mov x2, #0x0 */ 0xd2800003, /* mov x3, #0x0 */ 0xd61f0080, /* br x4 */ }; static const uint64_t spintables[] = { 0, 0, 0, 0 }; rom_add_blob_fixed_as("raspi_smpboot", smpboot, sizeof(smpboot), info->smp_loader_start, as); rom_add_blob_fixed_as("raspi_spintables", spintables, sizeof(spintables), SPINTABLE_ADDR, as); } static void write_board_setup(ARMCPU *cpu, const struct arm_boot_info *info) { arm_write_secure_board_setup_dummy_smc(cpu, info, MVBAR_ADDR); } static void reset_secondary(ARMCPU *cpu, const struct arm_boot_info *info) { CPUState *cs = CPU(cpu); cpu_set_pc(cs, info->smp_loader_start); } static void setup_boot(MachineState *machine, int version, size_t ram_size) { static struct arm_boot_info binfo; int r; binfo.board_id = MACH_TYPE_BCM2708; binfo.ram_size = ram_size; binfo.nb_cpus = machine->smp.cpus; if (version <= 2) { /* The rpi1 and 2 require some custom setup code to run in Secure * mode before booting a kernel (to set up the SMC vectors so * that we get a no-op SMC; this is used by Linux to call the * firmware for some cache maintenance operations. * The rpi3 doesn't need this. */ binfo.board_setup_addr = BOARDSETUP_ADDR; binfo.write_board_setup = write_board_setup; binfo.secure_board_setup = true; binfo.secure_boot = true; } /* Pi2 and Pi3 requires SMP setup */ if (version >= 2) { binfo.smp_loader_start = SMPBOOT_ADDR; if (version == 2) { binfo.write_secondary_boot = write_smpboot; } else { binfo.write_secondary_boot = write_smpboot64; } binfo.secondary_cpu_reset_hook = reset_secondary; } /* If the user specified a "firmware" image (e.g. UEFI), we bypass * the normal Linux boot process */ if (machine->firmware) { hwaddr firmware_addr = version == 3 ? FIRMWARE_ADDR_3 : FIRMWARE_ADDR_2; /* load the firmware image (typically kernel.img) */ r = load_image_targphys(machine->firmware, firmware_addr, ram_size - firmware_addr); if (r < 0) { error_report("Failed to load firmware from %s", machine->firmware); exit(1); } binfo.entry = firmware_addr; binfo.firmware_loaded = true; } arm_load_kernel(ARM_CPU(first_cpu), machine, &binfo); } static void raspi_machine_init(MachineState *machine) { RaspiMachineClass *mc = RASPI_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(machine); RaspiMachineState *s = RASPI_MACHINE(machine); uint32_t board_rev = mc->board_rev; int version = board_version(board_rev); uint64_t ram_size = board_ram_size(board_rev); uint32_t vcram_size; DriveInfo *di; BlockBackend *blk; BusState *bus; DeviceState *carddev; if (machine->ram_size != ram_size) { char *size_str = size_to_str(ram_size); error_report("Invalid RAM size, should be %s", size_str); g_free(size_str); exit(1); } /* FIXME: Remove when we have custom CPU address space support */ memory_region_add_subregion_overlap(get_system_memory(), 0, machine->ram, 0); /* Setup the SOC */ object_initialize_child(OBJECT(machine), "soc", &s->soc, board_soc_type(board_rev)); object_property_add_const_link(OBJECT(&s->soc), "ram", OBJECT(machine->ram)); object_property_set_int(OBJECT(&s->soc), board_rev, "board-rev", &error_abort); object_property_set_bool(OBJECT(&s->soc), true, "realized", &error_abort); /* Create and plug in the SD cards */ di = drive_get_next(IF_SD); blk = di ? blk_by_legacy_dinfo(di) : NULL; bus = qdev_get_child_bus(DEVICE(&s->soc), "sd-bus"); if (bus == NULL) { error_report("No SD bus found in SOC object"); exit(1); } carddev = qdev_new(TYPE_SD_CARD); qdev_prop_set_drive(carddev, "drive", blk, &error_fatal); qdev_realize_and_unref(carddev, bus, &error_fatal); vcram_size = object_property_get_uint(OBJECT(&s->soc), "vcram-size", &error_abort); setup_boot(machine, version, machine->ram_size - vcram_size); } static void raspi_machine_class_init(ObjectClass *oc, void *data) { MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_CLASS(oc); RaspiMachineClass *rmc = RASPI_MACHINE_CLASS(oc); uint32_t board_rev = (uint32_t)(uintptr_t)data; rmc->board_rev = board_rev; mc->desc = g_strdup_printf("Raspberry Pi %s", board_type(board_rev)); mc->init = raspi_machine_init; mc->block_default_type = IF_SD; mc->no_parallel = 1; mc->no_floppy = 1; mc->no_cdrom = 1; mc->default_cpus = mc->min_cpus = mc->max_cpus = cores_count(board_rev); mc->default_ram_size = board_ram_size(board_rev); mc->default_ram_id = "ram"; if (board_version(board_rev) == 2) { mc->ignore_memory_transaction_failures = true; } }; static const TypeInfo raspi_machine_types[] = { { .name = MACHINE_TYPE_NAME("raspi2"), .parent = TYPE_RASPI_MACHINE, .class_init = raspi_machine_class_init, .class_data = (void *)0xa21041, #ifdef TARGET_AARCH64 }, { .name = MACHINE_TYPE_NAME("raspi3"), .parent = TYPE_RASPI_MACHINE, .class_init = raspi_machine_class_init, .class_data = (void *)0xa02082, #endif }, { .name = TYPE_RASPI_MACHINE, .parent = TYPE_MACHINE, .instance_size = sizeof(RaspiMachineState), .class_size = sizeof(RaspiMachineClass), .abstract = true, } }; DEFINE_TYPES(raspi_machine_types)