Merge tag 'for-upstream' of https://gitlab.com/bonzini/qemu into staging

* util/log: re-allow switching away from stderr log file
* finish audio configuration rework
* cleanup HVF stubs
* remove more mentions of softmmu

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# gpg:                using RSA key F13338574B662389866C7682BFFBD25F78C7AE83
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* tag 'for-upstream' of https://gitlab.com/bonzini/qemu: (25 commits)
  audio, qtest: get rid of QEMU_AUDIO_DRV
  audio: reintroduce default audio backend for VNC
  audio: do not use first -audiodev as default audio device
  audio: extend -audio to allow creating a default backend
  audio: extract audio_define_default
  audio: disable default backends if -audio/-audiodev is used
  audio: error hints need a trailing \n
  cutils: squelch compiler warnings with custom paths
  configure: change $softmmu to $system
  system: Rename softmmu/ directory as system/
  meson: Rename target_softmmu_arch -> target_system_arch
  meson: Rename softmmu_mods -> system_mods
  target/i386: Rename i386_softmmu_kvm_ss -> i386_kvm_ss
  semihosting: Rename softmmu_FOO_user() -> uaccess_FOO_user()
  gdbstub: Rename 'softmmu' -> 'system'
  accel: Rename accel_softmmu* -> accel_system*
  tcg: Correct invalid mentions of 'softmmu' by 'system-mode'
  fuzz: Correct invalid mentions of 'softmmu' by 'system'
  cpu: Correct invalid mentions of 'softmmu' by 'system-mode'
  travis-ci: Correct invalid mentions of 'softmmu' by 'system'
  ...

Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>

1 files changed, 3740 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/system/vl.c b/system/vl.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ba83040675
--- /dev/null
+++ b/system/vl.c
@@ -0,0 +1,3740 @@
+/*
+ * QEMU System Emulator
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2003-2008 Fabrice Bellard
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+ * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
+ * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+ * THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+#include "qemu/osdep.h"
+#include "qemu/help-texts.h"
+#include "qemu/datadir.h"
+#include "qemu/units.h"
+#include "exec/cpu-common.h"
+#include "exec/page-vary.h"
+#include "hw/qdev-properties.h"
+#include "qapi/compat-policy.h"
+#include "qapi/error.h"
+#include "qapi/qmp/qdict.h"
+#include "qapi/qmp/qstring.h"
+#include "qapi/qmp/qjson.h"
+#include "qemu-version.h"
+#include "qemu/cutils.h"
+#include "qemu/help_option.h"
+#include "qemu/hw-version.h"
+#include "qemu/uuid.h"
+#include "sysemu/reset.h"
+#include "sysemu/runstate.h"
+#include "sysemu/runstate-action.h"
+#include "sysemu/seccomp.h"
+#include "sysemu/tcg.h"
+#include "sysemu/xen.h"
+
+#include "qemu/error-report.h"
+#include "qemu/sockets.h"
+#include "qemu/accel.h"
+#include "qemu/async-teardown.h"
+#include "hw/usb.h"
+#include "hw/isa/isa.h"
+#include "hw/scsi/scsi.h"
+#include "hw/display/vga.h"
+#include "hw/firmware/smbios.h"
+#include "hw/acpi/acpi.h"
+#include "hw/xen/xen.h"
+#include "hw/loader.h"
+#include "monitor/qdev.h"
+#include "net/net.h"
+#include "net/slirp.h"
+#include "monitor/monitor.h"
+#include "ui/console.h"
+#include "ui/input.h"
+#include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
+#include "sysemu/numa.h"
+#include "sysemu/hostmem.h"
+#include "exec/gdbstub.h"
+#include "qemu/timer.h"
+#include "chardev/char.h"
+#include "qemu/bitmap.h"
+#include "qemu/log.h"
+#include "sysemu/blockdev.h"
+#include "hw/block/block.h"
+#include "hw/i386/x86.h"
+#include "hw/i386/pc.h"
+#include "migration/misc.h"
+#include "migration/snapshot.h"
+#include "sysemu/tpm.h"
+#include "sysemu/dma.h"
+#include "hw/audio/soundhw.h"
+#include "audio/audio.h"
+#include "sysemu/cpus.h"
+#include "sysemu/cpu-timers.h"
+#include "migration/colo.h"
+#include "migration/postcopy-ram.h"
+#include "sysemu/kvm.h"
+#include "qapi/qobject-input-visitor.h"
+#include "qemu/option.h"
+#include "qemu/config-file.h"
+#include "qemu/main-loop.h"
+#ifdef CONFIG_VIRTFS
+#include "fsdev/qemu-fsdev.h"
+#endif
+#include "sysemu/qtest.h"
+#ifdef CONFIG_TCG
+#include "accel/tcg/perf.h"
+#endif
+
+#include "disas/disas.h"
+
+#include "trace.h"
+#include "trace/control.h"
+#include "qemu/plugin.h"
+#include "qemu/queue.h"
+#include "sysemu/arch_init.h"
+#include "exec/confidential-guest-support.h"
+
+#include "ui/qemu-spice.h"
+#include "qapi/string-input-visitor.h"
+#include "qapi/opts-visitor.h"
+#include "qapi/clone-visitor.h"
+#include "qom/object_interfaces.h"
+#include "semihosting/semihost.h"
+#include "crypto/init.h"
+#include "sysemu/replay.h"
+#include "qapi/qapi-events-run-state.h"
+#include "qapi/qapi-types-audio.h"
+#include "qapi/qapi-visit-audio.h"
+#include "qapi/qapi-visit-block-core.h"
+#include "qapi/qapi-visit-compat.h"
+#include "qapi/qapi-visit-machine.h"
+#include "qapi/qapi-visit-ui.h"
+#include "qapi/qapi-commands-block-core.h"
+#include "qapi/qapi-commands-migration.h"
+#include "qapi/qapi-commands-misc.h"
+#include "qapi/qapi-visit-qom.h"
+#include "qapi/qapi-commands-ui.h"
+#include "block/qdict.h"
+#include "qapi/qmp/qerror.h"
+#include "sysemu/iothread.h"
+#include "qemu/guest-random.h"
+#include "qemu/keyval.h"
+
+#define MAX_VIRTIO_CONSOLES 1
+
+typedef struct BlockdevOptionsQueueEntry {
+    BlockdevOptions *bdo;
+    Location loc;
+    QSIMPLEQ_ENTRY(BlockdevOptionsQueueEntry) entry;
+} BlockdevOptionsQueueEntry;
+
+typedef QSIMPLEQ_HEAD(, BlockdevOptionsQueueEntry) BlockdevOptionsQueue;
+
+typedef struct ObjectOption {
+    ObjectOptions *opts;
+    QTAILQ_ENTRY(ObjectOption) next;
+} ObjectOption;
+
+typedef struct DeviceOption {
+    QDict *opts;
+    Location loc;
+    QTAILQ_ENTRY(DeviceOption) next;
+} DeviceOption;
+
+static const char *cpu_option;
+static const char *mem_path;
+static const char *incoming;
+static const char *loadvm;
+static const char *accelerators;
+static bool have_custom_ram_size;
+static const char *ram_memdev_id;
+static QDict *machine_opts_dict;
+static QTAILQ_HEAD(, ObjectOption) object_opts = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(object_opts);
+static QTAILQ_HEAD(, DeviceOption) device_opts = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(device_opts);
+static int display_remote;
+static int snapshot;
+static bool preconfig_requested;
+static QemuPluginList plugin_list = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(plugin_list);
+static BlockdevOptionsQueue bdo_queue = QSIMPLEQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(bdo_queue);
+static bool nographic = false;
+static int mem_prealloc; /* force preallocation of physical target memory */
+static const char *vga_model = NULL;
+static DisplayOptions dpy;
+static int num_serial_hds;
+static Chardev **serial_hds;
+static const char *log_mask;
+static const char *log_file;
+static bool list_data_dirs;
+static const char *qtest_chrdev;
+static const char *qtest_log;
+static bool opt_one_insn_per_tb;
+
+static int has_defaults = 1;
+static int default_audio = 1;
+static int default_serial = 1;
+static int default_parallel = 1;
+static int default_monitor = 1;
+static int default_floppy = 1;
+static int default_cdrom = 1;
+static int default_sdcard = 1;
+static int default_vga = 1;
+static int default_net = 1;
+
+static struct {
+    const char *driver;
+    int *flag;
+} default_list[] = {
+    { .driver = "isa-serial",           .flag = &default_serial    },
+    { .driver = "isa-parallel",         .flag = &default_parallel  },
+    { .driver = "isa-fdc",              .flag = &default_floppy    },
+    { .driver = "floppy",               .flag = &default_floppy    },
+    { .driver = "ide-cd",               .flag = &default_cdrom     },
+    { .driver = "ide-hd",               .flag = &default_cdrom     },
+    { .driver = "scsi-cd",              .flag = &default_cdrom     },
+    { .driver = "scsi-hd",              .flag = &default_cdrom     },
+    { .driver = "VGA",                  .flag = &default_vga       },
+    { .driver = "isa-vga",              .flag = &default_vga       },
+    { .driver = "cirrus-vga",           .flag = &default_vga       },
+    { .driver = "isa-cirrus-vga",       .flag = &default_vga       },
+    { .driver = "vmware-svga",          .flag = &default_vga       },
+    { .driver = "qxl-vga",              .flag = &default_vga       },
+    { .driver = "virtio-vga",           .flag = &default_vga       },
+    { .driver = "ati-vga",              .flag = &default_vga       },
+    { .driver = "vhost-user-vga",       .flag = &default_vga       },
+    { .driver = "virtio-vga-gl",        .flag = &default_vga       },
+};
+
+static QemuOptsList qemu_rtc_opts = {
+    .name = "rtc",
+    .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_rtc_opts.head),
+    .merge_lists = true,
+    .desc = {
+        {
+            .name = "base",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+        },{
+            .name = "clock",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+        },{
+            .name = "driftfix",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+        },
+        { /* end of list */ }
+    },
+};
+
+static QemuOptsList qemu_option_rom_opts = {
+    .name = "option-rom",
+    .implied_opt_name = "romfile",
+    .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_option_rom_opts.head),
+    .desc = {
+        {
+            .name = "bootindex",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
+        }, {
+            .name = "romfile",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+        },
+        { /* end of list */ }
+    },
+};
+
+static QemuOptsList qemu_accel_opts = {
+    .name = "accel",
+    .implied_opt_name = "accel",
+    .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_accel_opts.head),
+    .desc = {
+        /*
+         * no elements => accept any
+         * sanity checking will happen later
+         * when setting accelerator properties
+         */
+        { }
+    },
+};
+
+static QemuOptsList qemu_boot_opts = {
+    .name = "boot-opts",
+    .implied_opt_name = "order",
+    .merge_lists = true,
+    .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_boot_opts.head),
+    .desc = {
+        {
+            .name = "order",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+        }, {
+            .name = "once",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+        }, {
+            .name = "menu",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
+        }, {
+            .name = "splash",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+        }, {
+            .name = "splash-time",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
+        }, {
+            .name = "reboot-timeout",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
+        }, {
+            .name = "strict",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
+        },
+        { /*End of list */ }
+    },
+};
+
+static QemuOptsList qemu_add_fd_opts = {
+    .name = "add-fd",
+    .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_add_fd_opts.head),
+    .desc = {
+        {
+            .name = "fd",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
+            .help = "file descriptor of which a duplicate is added to fd set",
+        },{
+            .name = "set",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
+            .help = "ID of the fd set to add fd to",
+        },{
+            .name = "opaque",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+            .help = "free-form string used to describe fd",
+        },
+        { /* end of list */ }
+    },
+};
+
+static QemuOptsList qemu_object_opts = {
+    .name = "object",
+    .implied_opt_name = "qom-type",
+    .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_object_opts.head),
+    .desc = {
+        { }
+    },
+};
+
+static QemuOptsList qemu_tpmdev_opts = {
+    .name = "tpmdev",
+    .implied_opt_name = "type",
+    .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_tpmdev_opts.head),
+    .desc = {
+        /* options are defined in the TPM backends */
+        { /* end of list */ }
+    },
+};
+
+static QemuOptsList qemu_overcommit_opts = {
+    .name = "overcommit",
+    .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_overcommit_opts.head),
+    .desc = {
+        {
+            .name = "mem-lock",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
+        },
+        {
+            .name = "cpu-pm",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
+        },
+        { /* end of list */ }
+    },
+};
+
+static QemuOptsList qemu_msg_opts = {
+    .name = "msg",
+    .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_msg_opts.head),
+    .desc = {
+        {
+            .name = "timestamp",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
+        },
+        {
+            .name = "guest-name",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
+            .help = "Prepends guest name for error messages but only if "
+                    "-name guest is set otherwise option is ignored\n",
+        },
+        { /* end of list */ }
+    },
+};
+
+static QemuOptsList qemu_name_opts = {
+    .name = "name",
+    .implied_opt_name = "guest",
+    .merge_lists = true,
+    .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_name_opts.head),
+    .desc = {
+        {
+            .name = "guest",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+            .help = "Sets the name of the guest.\n"
+                    "This name will be displayed in the SDL window caption.\n"
+                    "The name will also be used for the VNC server",
+        }, {
+            .name = "process",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+            .help = "Sets the name of the QEMU process, as shown in top etc",
+        }, {
+            .name = "debug-threads",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
+            .help = "When enabled, name the individual threads; defaults off.\n"
+                    "NOTE: The thread names are for debugging and not a\n"
+                    "stable API.",
+        },
+        { /* End of list */ }
+    },
+};
+
+static QemuOptsList qemu_mem_opts = {
+    .name = "memory",
+    .implied_opt_name = "size",
+    .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_mem_opts.head),
+    .merge_lists = true,
+    .desc = {
+        {
+            .name = "size",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_SIZE,
+        },
+        {
+            .name = "slots",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
+        },
+        {
+            .name = "maxmem",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_SIZE,
+        },
+        { /* end of list */ }
+    },
+};
+
+static QemuOptsList qemu_icount_opts = {
+    .name = "icount",
+    .implied_opt_name = "shift",
+    .merge_lists = true,
+    .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_icount_opts.head),
+    .desc = {
+        {
+            .name = "shift",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+        }, {
+            .name = "align",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
+        }, {
+            .name = "sleep",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
+        }, {
+            .name = "rr",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+        }, {
+            .name = "rrfile",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+        }, {
+            .name = "rrsnapshot",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+        },
+        { /* end of list */ }
+    },
+};
+
+static QemuOptsList qemu_fw_cfg_opts = {
+    .name = "fw_cfg",
+    .implied_opt_name = "name",
+    .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_fw_cfg_opts.head),
+    .desc = {
+        {
+            .name = "name",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+            .help = "Sets the fw_cfg name of the blob to be inserted",
+        }, {
+            .name = "file",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+            .help = "Sets the name of the file from which "
+                    "the fw_cfg blob will be loaded",
+        }, {
+            .name = "string",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+            .help = "Sets content of the blob to be inserted from a string",
+        }, {
+            .name = "gen_id",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+            .help = "Sets id of the object generating the fw_cfg blob "
+                    "to be inserted",
+        },
+        { /* end of list */ }
+    },
+};
+
+static QemuOptsList qemu_action_opts = {
+    .name = "action",
+    .merge_lists = true,
+    .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_action_opts.head),
+    .desc = {
+        {
+            .name = "shutdown",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+        },{
+            .name = "reboot",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+        },{
+            .name = "panic",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+        },{
+            .name = "watchdog",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+        },
+        { /* end of list */ }
+    },
+};
+
+const char *qemu_get_vm_name(void)
+{
+    return qemu_name;
+}
+
+static void default_driver_disable(const char *driver)
+{
+    int i;
+
+    if (!driver) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(default_list); i++) {
+        if (strcmp(default_list[i].driver, driver) != 0)
+            continue;
+        *(default_list[i].flag) = 0;
+    }
+}
+
+static int default_driver_check(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
+{
+    const char *driver = qemu_opt_get(opts, "driver");
+
+    default_driver_disable(driver);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static void default_driver_check_json(void)
+{
+    DeviceOption *opt;
+
+    QTAILQ_FOREACH(opt, &device_opts, next) {
+        const char *driver = qdict_get_try_str(opt->opts, "driver");
+        default_driver_disable(driver);
+    }
+}
+
+static int parse_name(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
+{
+    const char *proc_name;
+
+    if (qemu_opt_get(opts, "debug-threads")) {
+        qemu_thread_naming(qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "debug-threads", false));
+    }
+    qemu_name = qemu_opt_get(opts, "guest");
+
+    proc_name = qemu_opt_get(opts, "process");
+    if (proc_name) {
+        os_set_proc_name(proc_name);
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+bool defaults_enabled(void)
+{
+    return has_defaults;
+}
+
+#ifndef _WIN32
+static int parse_add_fd(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
+{
+    int fd, dupfd, flags;
+    int64_t fdset_id;
+    const char *fd_opaque = NULL;
+    AddfdInfo *fdinfo;
+
+    fd = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "fd", -1);
+    fdset_id = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "set", -1);
+    fd_opaque = qemu_opt_get(opts, "opaque");
+
+    if (fd < 0) {
+        error_setg(errp, "fd option is required and must be non-negative");
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    if (fd <= STDERR_FILENO) {
+        error_setg(errp, "fd cannot be a standard I/O stream");
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * All fds inherited across exec() necessarily have FD_CLOEXEC
+     * clear, while qemu sets FD_CLOEXEC on all other fds used internally.
+     */
+    flags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFD);
+    if (flags == -1 || (flags & FD_CLOEXEC)) {
+        error_setg(errp, "fd is not valid or already in use");
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    if (fdset_id < 0) {
+        error_setg(errp, "set option is required and must be non-negative");
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+#ifdef F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC
+    dupfd = fcntl(fd, F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC, 0);
+#else
+    dupfd = dup(fd);
+    if (dupfd != -1) {
+        qemu_set_cloexec(dupfd);
+    }
+#endif
+    if (dupfd == -1) {
+        error_setg(errp, "error duplicating fd: %s", strerror(errno));
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    /* add the duplicate fd, and optionally the opaque string, to the fd set */
+    fdinfo = monitor_fdset_add_fd(dupfd, true, fdset_id, fd_opaque,
+                                  &error_abort);
+    g_free(fdinfo);
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int cleanup_add_fd(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
+{
+    int fd;
+
+    fd = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "fd", -1);
+    close(fd);
+
+    return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+/***********************************************************/
+/* QEMU Block devices */
+
+#define HD_OPTS "media=disk"
+#define CDROM_OPTS "media=cdrom"
+#define FD_OPTS ""
+#define PFLASH_OPTS ""
+#define MTD_OPTS ""
+#define SD_OPTS ""
+
+static int drive_init_func(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
+{
+    BlockInterfaceType *block_default_type = opaque;
+
+    return drive_new(opts, *block_default_type, errp) == NULL;
+}
+
+static int drive_enable_snapshot(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
+{
+    if (qemu_opt_get(opts, "snapshot") == NULL) {
+        qemu_opt_set(opts, "snapshot", "on", &error_abort);
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static void default_drive(int enable, int snapshot, BlockInterfaceType type,
+                          int index, const char *optstr)
+{
+    QemuOpts *opts;
+    DriveInfo *dinfo;
+
+    if (!enable || drive_get_by_index(type, index)) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    opts = drive_add(type, index, NULL, optstr);
+    if (snapshot) {
+        drive_enable_snapshot(NULL, opts, NULL);
+    }
+
+    dinfo = drive_new(opts, type, &error_abort);
+    dinfo->is_default = true;
+
+}
+
+static void configure_blockdev(BlockdevOptionsQueue *bdo_queue,
+                               MachineClass *machine_class, int snapshot)
+{
+    /*
+     * If the currently selected machine wishes to override the
+     * units-per-bus property of its default HBA interface type, do so
+     * now.
+     */
+    if (machine_class->units_per_default_bus) {
+        override_max_devs(machine_class->block_default_type,
+                          machine_class->units_per_default_bus);
+    }
+
+    /* open the virtual block devices */
+    while (!QSIMPLEQ_EMPTY(bdo_queue)) {
+        BlockdevOptionsQueueEntry *bdo = QSIMPLEQ_FIRST(bdo_queue);
+
+        QSIMPLEQ_REMOVE_HEAD(bdo_queue, entry);
+        loc_push_restore(&bdo->loc);
+        qmp_blockdev_add(bdo->bdo, &error_fatal);
+        loc_pop(&bdo->loc);
+        qapi_free_BlockdevOptions(bdo->bdo);
+        g_free(bdo);
+    }
+    if (snapshot) {
+        qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("drive"), drive_enable_snapshot,
+                          NULL, NULL);
+    }
+    if (qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("drive"), drive_init_func,
+                          &machine_class->block_default_type, &error_fatal)) {
+        /* We printed help */
+        exit(0);
+    }
+
+    default_drive(default_cdrom, snapshot, machine_class->block_default_type, 2,
+                  CDROM_OPTS);
+    default_drive(default_floppy, snapshot, IF_FLOPPY, 0, FD_OPTS);
+    default_drive(default_sdcard, snapshot, IF_SD, 0, SD_OPTS);
+
+}
+
+static QemuOptsList qemu_smp_opts = {
+    .name = "smp-opts",
+    .implied_opt_name = "cpus",
+    .merge_lists = true,
+    .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_smp_opts.head),
+    .desc = {
+        {
+            .name = "cpus",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
+        }, {
+            .name = "sockets",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
+        }, {
+            .name = "dies",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
+        }, {
+            .name = "clusters",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
+        }, {
+            .name = "cores",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
+        }, {
+            .name = "threads",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
+        }, {
+            .name = "maxcpus",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
+        },
+        { /*End of list */ }
+    },
+};
+
+#if defined(CONFIG_POSIX)
+static QemuOptsList qemu_run_with_opts = {
+    .name = "run-with",
+    .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_run_with_opts.head),
+    .desc = {
+#if defined(CONFIG_LINUX)
+        {
+            .name = "async-teardown",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
+        },
+#endif
+        {
+            .name = "chroot",
+            .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
+        },
+        { /* end of list */ }
+    },
+};
+
+#define qemu_add_run_with_opts() qemu_add_opts(&qemu_run_with_opts)
+
+#else
+
+#define qemu_add_run_with_opts()
+
+#endif /* CONFIG_POSIX */
+
+static void realtime_init(void)
+{
+    if (enable_mlock) {
+        if (os_mlock() < 0) {
+            error_report("locking memory failed");
+            exit(1);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+
+static void configure_msg(QemuOpts *opts)
+{
+    message_with_timestamp = qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "timestamp", false);
+    error_with_guestname = qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "guest-name", false);
+}
+
+
+/***********************************************************/
+/* USB devices */
+
+static int usb_device_add(const char *devname)
+{
+    USBDevice *dev = NULL;
+
+    if (!machine_usb(current_machine)) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    dev = usbdevice_create(devname);
+    if (!dev)
+        return -1;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int usb_parse(const char *cmdline)
+{
+    int r;
+    r = usb_device_add(cmdline);
+    if (r < 0) {
+        error_report("could not add USB device '%s'", cmdline);
+    }
+    return r;
+}
+
+/***********************************************************/
+/* machine registration */
+
+static MachineClass *find_machine(const char *name, GSList *machines)
+{
+    GSList *el;
+
+    for (el = machines; el; el = el->next) {
+        MachineClass *mc = el->data;
+
+        if (!strcmp(mc->name, name) || !g_strcmp0(mc->alias, name)) {
+            return mc;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+static MachineClass *find_default_machine(GSList *machines)
+{
+    GSList *el;
+    MachineClass *default_machineclass = NULL;
+
+    for (el = machines; el; el = el->next) {
+        MachineClass *mc = el->data;
+
+        if (mc->is_default) {
+            assert(default_machineclass == NULL && "Multiple default machines");
+            default_machineclass = mc;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return default_machineclass;
+}
+
+static void version(void)
+{
+    printf("QEMU emulator version " QEMU_FULL_VERSION "\n"
+           QEMU_COPYRIGHT "\n");
+}
+
+static void help(int exitcode)
+{
+    version();
+    printf("usage: %s [options] [disk_image]\n\n"
+           "'disk_image' is a raw hard disk image for IDE hard disk 0\n\n",
+            g_get_prgname());
+
+#define DEF(option, opt_arg, opt_enum, opt_help, arch_mask)    \
+    if ((arch_mask) & arch_type)                               \
+        fputs(opt_help, stdout);
+
+#define ARCHHEADING(text, arch_mask) \
+    if ((arch_mask) & arch_type)    \
+        puts(stringify(text));
+
+#define DEFHEADING(text) ARCHHEADING(text, QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
+
+#include "qemu-options.def"
+
+    printf("\nDuring emulation, the following keys are useful:\n"
+           "ctrl-alt-f      toggle full screen\n"
+           "ctrl-alt-n      switch to virtual console 'n'\n"
+           "ctrl-alt        toggle mouse and keyboard grab\n"
+           "\n"
+           "When using -nographic, press 'ctrl-a h' to get some help.\n"
+           "\n"
+           QEMU_HELP_BOTTOM "\n");
+
+    exit(exitcode);
+}
+
+enum {
+
+#define DEF(option, opt_arg, opt_enum, opt_help, arch_mask)     \
+    opt_enum,
+#define DEFHEADING(text)
+#define ARCHHEADING(text, arch_mask)
+
+#include "qemu-options.def"
+};
+
+#define HAS_ARG 0x0001
+
+typedef struct QEMUOption {
+    const char *name;
+    int flags;
+    int index;
+    uint32_t arch_mask;
+} QEMUOption;
+
+static const QEMUOption qemu_options[] = {
+    { "h", 0, QEMU_OPTION_h, QEMU_ARCH_ALL },
+
+#define DEF(option, opt_arg, opt_enum, opt_help, arch_mask)     \
+    { option, opt_arg, opt_enum, arch_mask },
+#define DEFHEADING(text)
+#define ARCHHEADING(text, arch_mask)
+
+#include "qemu-options.def"
+    { /* end of list */ }
+};
+
+typedef struct VGAInterfaceInfo {
+    const char *opt_name;    /* option name */
+    const char *name;        /* human-readable name */
+    /* Class names indicating that support is available.
+     * If no class is specified, the interface is always available */
+    const char *class_names[2];
+} VGAInterfaceInfo;
+
+static const VGAInterfaceInfo vga_interfaces[VGA_TYPE_MAX] = {
+    [VGA_NONE] = {
+        .opt_name = "none",
+        .name = "no graphic card",
+    },
+    [VGA_STD] = {
+        .opt_name = "std",
+        .name = "standard VGA",
+        .class_names = { "VGA", "isa-vga" },
+    },
+    [VGA_CIRRUS] = {
+        .opt_name = "cirrus",
+        .name = "Cirrus VGA",
+        .class_names = { "cirrus-vga", "isa-cirrus-vga" },
+    },
+    [VGA_VMWARE] = {
+        .opt_name = "vmware",
+        .name = "VMWare SVGA",
+        .class_names = { "vmware-svga" },
+    },
+    [VGA_VIRTIO] = {
+        .opt_name = "virtio",
+        .name = "Virtio VGA",
+        .class_names = { "virtio-vga" },
+    },
+    [VGA_QXL] = {
+        .opt_name = "qxl",
+        .name = "QXL VGA",
+        .class_names = { "qxl-vga" },
+    },
+    [VGA_TCX] = {
+        .opt_name = "tcx",
+        .name = "TCX framebuffer",
+        .class_names = { "sun-tcx" },
+    },
+    [VGA_CG3] = {
+        .opt_name = "cg3",
+        .name = "CG3 framebuffer",
+        .class_names = { "cgthree" },
+    },
+#ifdef CONFIG_XEN_BACKEND
+    [VGA_XENFB] = {
+        .opt_name = "xenfb",
+        .name = "Xen paravirtualized framebuffer",
+    },
+#endif
+};
+
+static bool vga_interface_available(VGAInterfaceType t)
+{
+    const VGAInterfaceInfo *ti = &vga_interfaces[t];
+
+    assert(t < VGA_TYPE_MAX);
+    return !ti->class_names[0] ||
+           module_object_class_by_name(ti->class_names[0]) ||
+           module_object_class_by_name(ti->class_names[1]);
+}
+
+static const char *
+get_default_vga_model(const MachineClass *machine_class)
+{
+    if (machine_class->default_display) {
+        for (int t = 0; t < VGA_TYPE_MAX; t++) {
+            const VGAInterfaceInfo *ti = &vga_interfaces[t];
+
+            if (ti->opt_name && vga_interface_available(t) &&
+                g_str_equal(ti->opt_name, machine_class->default_display)) {
+                return machine_class->default_display;
+            }
+        }
+
+        warn_report_once("Default display '%s' is not available in this binary",
+                         machine_class->default_display);
+        return NULL;
+    } else if (vga_interface_available(VGA_CIRRUS)) {
+        return "cirrus";
+    } else if (vga_interface_available(VGA_STD)) {
+        return "std";
+    }
+
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+static void select_vgahw(const MachineClass *machine_class, const char *p)
+{
+    const char *opts;
+    int t;
+
+    if (g_str_equal(p, "help")) {
+        const char *def = get_default_vga_model(machine_class);
+
+        for (t = 0; t < VGA_TYPE_MAX; t++) {
+            const VGAInterfaceInfo *ti = &vga_interfaces[t];
+
+            if (vga_interface_available(t) && ti->opt_name) {
+                printf("%-20s %s%s\n", ti->opt_name, ti->name ?: "",
+                        (def && g_str_equal(ti->opt_name, def)) ?
+                        " (default)" : "");
+            }
+        }
+        exit(0);
+    }
+
+    assert(vga_interface_type == VGA_NONE);
+    for (t = 0; t < VGA_TYPE_MAX; t++) {
+        const VGAInterfaceInfo *ti = &vga_interfaces[t];
+        if (ti->opt_name && strstart(p, ti->opt_name, &opts)) {
+            if (!vga_interface_available(t)) {
+                error_report("%s not available", ti->name);
+                exit(1);
+            }
+            vga_interface_type = t;
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+    if (t == VGA_TYPE_MAX) {
+    invalid_vga:
+        error_report("unknown vga type: %s", p);
+        exit(1);
+    }
+    while (*opts) {
+        const char *nextopt;
+
+        if (strstart(opts, ",retrace=", &nextopt)) {
+            opts = nextopt;
+            if (strstart(opts, "dumb", &nextopt))
+                vga_retrace_method = VGA_RETRACE_DUMB;
+            else if (strstart(opts, "precise", &nextopt))
+                vga_retrace_method = VGA_RETRACE_PRECISE;
+            else goto invalid_vga;
+        } else goto invalid_vga;
+        opts = nextopt;
+    }
+}
+
+static void parse_display_qapi(const char *str)
+{
+    DisplayOptions *opts;
+    Visitor *v;
+
+    v = qobject_input_visitor_new_str(str, "type", &error_fatal);
+
+    visit_type_DisplayOptions(v, NULL, &opts, &error_fatal);
+    QAPI_CLONE_MEMBERS(DisplayOptions, &dpy, opts);
+
+    qapi_free_DisplayOptions(opts);
+    visit_free(v);
+}
+
+DisplayOptions *qmp_query_display_options(Error **errp)
+{
+    return QAPI_CLONE(DisplayOptions, &dpy);
+}
+
+static void parse_display(const char *p)
+{
+    const char *opts;
+
+    if (is_help_option(p)) {
+        qemu_display_help();
+        exit(0);
+    }
+
+    if (strstart(p, "vnc", &opts)) {
+        /*
+         * vnc isn't a (local) DisplayType but a protocol for remote
+         * display access.
+         */
+        if (*opts == '=') {
+            vnc_parse(opts + 1);
+        } else {
+            error_report("VNC requires a display argument vnc=<display>");
+            exit(1);
+        }
+    } else {
+        parse_display_qapi(p);
+    }
+}
+
+static inline bool nonempty_str(const char *str)
+{
+    return str && *str;
+}
+
+static int parse_fw_cfg(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
+{
+    gchar *buf;
+    size_t size;
+    const char *name, *file, *str, *gen_id;
+    FWCfgState *fw_cfg = (FWCfgState *) opaque;
+
+    if (fw_cfg == NULL) {
+        error_setg(errp, "fw_cfg device not available");
+        return -1;
+    }
+    name = qemu_opt_get(opts, "name");
+    file = qemu_opt_get(opts, "file");
+    str = qemu_opt_get(opts, "string");
+    gen_id = qemu_opt_get(opts, "gen_id");
+
+    /* we need the name, and exactly one of: file, content string, gen_id */
+    if (!nonempty_str(name) ||
+        nonempty_str(file) + nonempty_str(str) + nonempty_str(gen_id) != 1) {
+        error_setg(errp, "name, plus exactly one of file,"
+                         " string and gen_id, are needed");
+        return -1;
+    }
+    if (strlen(name) > FW_CFG_MAX_FILE_PATH - 1) {
+        error_setg(errp, "name too long (max. %d char)",
+                   FW_CFG_MAX_FILE_PATH - 1);
+        return -1;
+    }
+    if (nonempty_str(gen_id)) {
+        /*
+         * In this particular case where the content is populated
+         * internally, the "etc/" namespace protection is relaxed,
+         * so do not emit a warning.
+         */
+    } else if (strncmp(name, "opt/", 4) != 0) {
+        warn_report("externally provided fw_cfg item names "
+                    "should be prefixed with \"opt/\"");
+    }
+    if (nonempty_str(str)) {
+        size = strlen(str); /* NUL terminator NOT included in fw_cfg blob */
+        buf = g_memdup(str, size);
+    } else if (nonempty_str(gen_id)) {
+        if (!fw_cfg_add_from_generator(fw_cfg, name, gen_id, errp)) {
+            return -1;
+        }
+        return 0;
+    } else {
+        GError *err = NULL;
+        if (!g_file_get_contents(file, &buf, &size, &err)) {
+            error_setg(errp, "can't load %s: %s", file, err->message);
+            g_error_free(err);
+            return -1;
+        }
+    }
+    /* For legacy, keep user files in a specific global order. */
+    fw_cfg_set_order_override(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_ORDER_OVERRIDE_USER);
+    fw_cfg_add_file(fw_cfg, name, buf, size);
+    fw_cfg_reset_order_override(fw_cfg);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int device_help_func(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
+{
+    return qdev_device_help(opts);
+}
+
+static int device_init_func(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
+{
+    DeviceState *dev;
+
+    dev = qdev_device_add(opts, errp);
+    if (!dev && *errp) {
+        error_report_err(*errp);
+        return -1;
+    } else if (dev) {
+        object_unref(OBJECT(dev));
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int chardev_init_func(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
+{
+    Error *local_err = NULL;
+
+    if (!qemu_chr_new_from_opts(opts, NULL, &local_err)) {
+        if (local_err) {
+            error_propagate(errp, local_err);
+            return -1;
+        }
+        exit(0);
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_VIRTFS
+static int fsdev_init_func(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
+{
+    return qemu_fsdev_add(opts, errp);
+}
+#endif
+
+static int mon_init_func(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
+{
+    return monitor_init_opts(opts, errp);
+}
+
+static void monitor_parse(const char *str, const char *mode, bool pretty)
+{
+    static int monitor_device_index = 0;
+    QemuOpts *opts;
+    const char *p;
+    char label[32];
+
+    if (strstart(str, "chardev:", &p)) {
+        snprintf(label, sizeof(label), "%s", p);
+    } else {
+        snprintf(label, sizeof(label), "compat_monitor%d",
+                 monitor_device_index);
+        opts = qemu_chr_parse_compat(label, str, true);
+        if (!opts) {
+            error_report("parse error: %s", str);
+            exit(1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    opts = qemu_opts_create(qemu_find_opts("mon"), label, 1, &error_fatal);
+    qemu_opt_set(opts, "mode", mode, &error_abort);
+    qemu_opt_set(opts, "chardev", label, &error_abort);
+    if (!strcmp(mode, "control")) {
+        qemu_opt_set_bool(opts, "pretty", pretty, &error_abort);
+    } else {
+        assert(pretty == false);
+    }
+    monitor_device_index++;
+}
+
+struct device_config {
+    enum {
+        DEV_USB,       /* -usbdevice     */
+        DEV_SERIAL,    /* -serial        */
+        DEV_PARALLEL,  /* -parallel      */
+        DEV_DEBUGCON,  /* -debugcon */
+        DEV_GDB,       /* -gdb, -s */
+        DEV_SCLP,      /* s390 sclp */
+    } type;
+    const char *cmdline;
+    Location loc;
+    QTAILQ_ENTRY(device_config) next;
+};
+
+static QTAILQ_HEAD(, device_config) device_configs =
+    QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(device_configs);
+
+static void add_device_config(int type, const char *cmdline)
+{
+    struct device_config *conf;
+
+    conf = g_malloc0(sizeof(*conf));
+    conf->type = type;
+    conf->cmdline = cmdline;
+    loc_save(&conf->loc);
+    QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&device_configs, conf, next);
+}
+
+static int foreach_device_config(int type, int (*func)(const char *cmdline))
+{
+    struct device_config *conf;
+    int rc;
+
+    QTAILQ_FOREACH(conf, &device_configs, next) {
+        if (conf->type != type)
+            continue;
+        loc_push_restore(&conf->loc);
+        rc = func(conf->cmdline);
+        loc_pop(&conf->loc);
+        if (rc) {
+            return rc;
+        }
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static void qemu_disable_default_devices(void)
+{
+    MachineClass *machine_class = MACHINE_GET_CLASS(current_machine);
+
+    default_driver_check_json();
+    qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("device"),
+                      default_driver_check, NULL, NULL);
+    qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("global"),
+                      default_driver_check, NULL, NULL);
+
+    if (!vga_model && !default_vga) {
+        vga_interface_type = VGA_DEVICE;
+        vga_interface_created = true;
+    }
+    if (!has_defaults || machine_class->no_serial) {
+        default_serial = 0;
+    }
+    if (!has_defaults || machine_class->no_parallel) {
+        default_parallel = 0;
+    }
+    if (!has_defaults || machine_class->no_floppy) {
+        default_floppy = 0;
+    }
+    if (!has_defaults || machine_class->no_cdrom) {
+        default_cdrom = 0;
+    }
+    if (!has_defaults || machine_class->no_sdcard) {
+        default_sdcard = 0;
+    }
+    if (!has_defaults) {
+        default_audio = 0;
+        default_monitor = 0;
+        default_net = 0;
+        default_vga = 0;
+    } else {
+        if (default_net && machine_class->default_nic &&
+            !module_object_class_by_name(machine_class->default_nic)) {
+            warn_report("Default NIC '%s' is not available in this binary",
+                        machine_class->default_nic);
+            default_net = 0;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static void qemu_create_default_devices(void)
+{
+    MachineClass *machine_class = MACHINE_GET_CLASS(current_machine);
+
+    if (is_daemonized()) {
+        /* According to documentation and historically, -nographic redirects
+         * serial port, parallel port and monitor to stdio, which does not work
+         * with -daemonize.  We can redirect these to null instead, but since
+         * -nographic is legacy, let's just error out.
+         * We disallow -nographic only if all other ports are not redirected
+         * explicitly, to not break existing legacy setups which uses
+         * -nographic _and_ redirects all ports explicitly - this is valid
+         * usage, -nographic is just a no-op in this case.
+         */
+        if (nographic
+            && (default_parallel || default_serial || default_monitor)) {
+            error_report("-nographic cannot be used with -daemonize");
+            exit(1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (nographic) {
+        if (default_parallel)
+            add_device_config(DEV_PARALLEL, "null");
+        if (default_serial && default_monitor) {
+            add_device_config(DEV_SERIAL, "mon:stdio");
+        } else {
+            if (default_serial)
+                add_device_config(DEV_SERIAL, "stdio");
+            if (default_monitor)
+                monitor_parse("stdio", "readline", false);
+        }
+    } else {
+        if (default_serial)
+            add_device_config(DEV_SERIAL, "vc:80Cx24C");
+        if (default_parallel)
+            add_device_config(DEV_PARALLEL, "vc:80Cx24C");
+        if (default_monitor)
+            monitor_parse("vc:80Cx24C", "readline", false);
+    }
+
+    if (default_net) {
+        QemuOptsList *net = qemu_find_opts("net");
+        qemu_opts_parse(net, "nic", true, &error_abort);
+#ifdef CONFIG_SLIRP
+        qemu_opts_parse(net, "user", true, &error_abort);
+#endif
+    }
+
+#if defined(CONFIG_VNC)
+    if (!QTAILQ_EMPTY(&(qemu_find_opts("vnc")->head))) {
+        display_remote++;
+    }
+#endif
+    if (dpy.type == DISPLAY_TYPE_DEFAULT && !display_remote) {
+        if (!qemu_display_find_default(&dpy)) {
+            dpy.type = DISPLAY_TYPE_NONE;
+#if defined(CONFIG_VNC)
+            vnc_parse("localhost:0,to=99,id=default");
+#endif
+        }
+    }
+    if (dpy.type == DISPLAY_TYPE_DEFAULT) {
+        dpy.type = DISPLAY_TYPE_NONE;
+    }
+
+    /* If no default VGA is requested, the default is "none".  */
+    if (default_vga) {
+        vga_model = get_default_vga_model(machine_class);
+    }
+    if (vga_model) {
+        select_vgahw(machine_class, vga_model);
+    }
+}
+
+static int serial_parse(const char *devname)
+{
+    int index = num_serial_hds;
+    char label[32];
+
+    if (strcmp(devname, "none") == 0)
+        return 0;
+    snprintf(label, sizeof(label), "serial%d", index);
+    serial_hds = g_renew(Chardev *, serial_hds, index + 1);
+
+    serial_hds[index] = qemu_chr_new_mux_mon(label, devname, NULL);
+    if (!serial_hds[index]) {
+        error_report("could not connect serial device"
+                     " to character backend '%s'", devname);
+        return -1;
+    }
+    num_serial_hds++;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+Chardev *serial_hd(int i)
+{
+    assert(i >= 0);
+    if (i < num_serial_hds) {
+        return serial_hds[i];
+    }
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+static int parallel_parse(const char *devname)
+{
+    static int index = 0;
+    char label[32];
+
+    if (strcmp(devname, "none") == 0)
+        return 0;
+    if (index == MAX_PARALLEL_PORTS) {
+        error_report("too many parallel ports");
+        exit(1);
+    }
+    snprintf(label, sizeof(label), "parallel%d", index);
+    parallel_hds[index] = qemu_chr_new_mux_mon(label, devname, NULL);
+    if (!parallel_hds[index]) {
+        error_report("could not connect parallel device"
+                     " to character backend '%s'", devname);
+        return -1;
+    }
+    index++;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int debugcon_parse(const char *devname)
+{
+    QemuOpts *opts;
+
+    if (!qemu_chr_new_mux_mon("debugcon", devname, NULL)) {
+        error_report("invalid character backend '%s'", devname);
+        exit(1);
+    }
+    opts = qemu_opts_create(qemu_find_opts("device"), "debugcon", 1, NULL);
+    if (!opts) {
+        error_report("already have a debugcon device");
+        exit(1);
+    }
+    qemu_opt_set(opts, "driver", "isa-debugcon", &error_abort);
+    qemu_opt_set(opts, "chardev", "debugcon", &error_abort);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static gint machine_class_cmp(gconstpointer a, gconstpointer b)
+{
+    const MachineClass *mc1 = a, *mc2 = b;
+    int res;
+
+    if (mc1->family == NULL) {
+        if (mc2->family == NULL) {
+            /* Compare standalone machine types against each other; they sort
+             * in increasing order.
+             */
+            return strcmp(object_class_get_name(OBJECT_CLASS(mc1)),
+                          object_class_get_name(OBJECT_CLASS(mc2)));
+        }
+
+        /* Standalone machine types sort after families. */
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    if (mc2->family == NULL) {
+        /* Families sort before standalone machine types. */
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    /* Families sort between each other alphabetically increasingly. */
+    res = strcmp(mc1->family, mc2->family);
+    if (res != 0) {
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    /* Within the same family, machine types sort in decreasing order. */
+    return strcmp(object_class_get_name(OBJECT_CLASS(mc2)),
+                  object_class_get_name(OBJECT_CLASS(mc1)));
+}
+
+static void machine_help_func(const QDict *qdict)
+{
+    GSList *machines, *el;
+    const char *type = qdict_get_try_str(qdict, "type");
+
+    machines = object_class_get_list(TYPE_MACHINE, false);
+    if (type) {
+        ObjectClass *machine_class = OBJECT_CLASS(find_machine(type, machines));
+        if (machine_class) {
+            type_print_class_properties(object_class_get_name(machine_class));
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+
+    printf("Supported machines are:\n");
+    machines = g_slist_sort(machines, machine_class_cmp);
+    for (el = machines; el; el = el->next) {
+        MachineClass *mc = el->data;
+        if (mc->alias) {
+            printf("%-20s %s (alias of %s)\n", mc->alias, mc->desc, mc->name);
+        }
+        printf("%-20s %s%s%s\n", mc->name, mc->desc,
+               mc->is_default ? " (default)" : "",
+               mc->deprecation_reason ? " (deprecated)" : "");
+    }
+}
+
+static void
+machine_merge_property(const char *propname, QDict *prop, Error **errp)
+{
+    QDict *opts;
+
+    opts = qdict_new();
+    /* Preserve the caller's reference to prop.  */
+    qobject_ref(prop);
+    qdict_put(opts, propname, prop);
+    keyval_merge(machine_opts_dict, opts, errp);
+    qobject_unref(opts);
+}
+
+static void
+machine_parse_property_opt(QemuOptsList *opts_list, const char *propname,
+                           const char *arg)
+{
+    QDict *prop = NULL;
+    bool help = false;
+
+    prop = keyval_parse(arg, opts_list->implied_opt_name, &help, &error_fatal);
+    if (help) {
+        qemu_opts_print_help(opts_list, true);
+        exit(0);
+    }
+    machine_merge_property(propname, prop, &error_fatal);
+    qobject_unref(prop);
+}
+
+static const char *pid_file;
+struct UnlinkPidfileNotifier {
+    Notifier notifier;
+    char *pid_file_realpath;
+};
+static struct UnlinkPidfileNotifier qemu_unlink_pidfile_notifier;
+
+static void qemu_unlink_pidfile(Notifier *n, void *data)
+{
+    struct UnlinkPidfileNotifier *upn;
+
+    upn = DO_UPCAST(struct UnlinkPidfileNotifier, notifier, n);
+    unlink(upn->pid_file_realpath);
+}
+
+static const QEMUOption *lookup_opt(int argc, char **argv,
+                                    const char **poptarg, int *poptind)
+{
+    const QEMUOption *popt;
+    int optind = *poptind;
+    char *r = argv[optind];
+    const char *optarg;
+
+    loc_set_cmdline(argv, optind, 1);
+    optind++;
+    /* Treat --foo the same as -foo.  */
+    if (r[1] == '-')
+        r++;
+    popt = qemu_options;
+    for(;;) {
+        if (!popt->name) {
+            error_report("invalid option");
+            exit(1);
+        }
+        if (!strcmp(popt->name, r + 1))
+            break;
+        popt++;
+    }
+    if (popt->flags & HAS_ARG) {
+        if (optind >= argc) {
+            error_report("requires an argument");
+            exit(1);
+        }
+        optarg = argv[optind++];
+        loc_set_cmdline(argv, optind - 2, 2);
+    } else {
+        optarg = NULL;
+    }
+
+    *poptarg = optarg;
+    *poptind = optind;
+
+    return popt;
+}
+
+static MachineClass *select_machine(QDict *qdict, Error **errp)
+{
+    const char *machine_type = qdict_get_try_str(qdict, "type");
+    GSList *machines = object_class_get_list(TYPE_MACHINE, false);
+    MachineClass *machine_class;
+    Error *local_err = NULL;
+
+    if (machine_type) {
+        machine_class = find_machine(machine_type, machines);
+        qdict_del(qdict, "type");
+        if (!machine_class) {
+            error_setg(&local_err, "unsupported machine type");
+        }
+    } else {
+        machine_class = find_default_machine(machines);
+        if (!machine_class) {
+            error_setg(&local_err, "No machine specified, and there is no default");
+        }
+    }
+
+    g_slist_free(machines);
+    if (local_err) {
+        error_append_hint(&local_err, "Use -machine help to list supported machines\n");
+        error_propagate(errp, local_err);
+    }
+    return machine_class;
+}
+
+static int object_parse_property_opt(Object *obj,
+                                     const char *name, const char *value,
+                                     const char *skip, Error **errp)
+{
+    if (g_str_equal(name, skip)) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    if (!object_property_parse(obj, name, value, errp)) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/* *Non*recursively replace underscores with dashes in QDict keys.  */
+static void keyval_dashify(QDict *qdict, Error **errp)
+{
+    const QDictEntry *ent, *next;
+    char *p;
+
+    for (ent = qdict_first(qdict); ent; ent = next) {
+        g_autofree char *new_key = NULL;
+
+        next = qdict_next(qdict, ent);
+        if (!strchr(ent->key, '_')) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        new_key = g_strdup(ent->key);
+        for (p = new_key; *p; p++) {
+            if (*p == '_') {
+                *p = '-';
+            }
+        }
+        if (qdict_haskey(qdict, new_key)) {
+            error_setg(errp, "Conflict between '%s' and '%s'", ent->key, new_key);
+            return;
+        }
+        qobject_ref(ent->value);
+        qdict_put_obj(qdict, new_key, ent->value);
+        qdict_del(qdict, ent->key);
+    }
+}
+
+static void qemu_apply_legacy_machine_options(QDict *qdict)
+{
+    const char *value;
+    QObject *prop;
+
+    keyval_dashify(qdict, &error_fatal);
+
+    /* Legacy options do not correspond to MachineState properties.  */
+    value = qdict_get_try_str(qdict, "accel");
+    if (value) {
+        accelerators = g_strdup(value);
+        qdict_del(qdict, "accel");
+    }
+
+    value = qdict_get_try_str(qdict, "igd-passthru");
+    if (value) {
+        object_register_sugar_prop(ACCEL_CLASS_NAME("xen"), "igd-passthru", value,
+                                   false);
+        qdict_del(qdict, "igd-passthru");
+    }
+
+    value = qdict_get_try_str(qdict, "kvm-shadow-mem");
+    if (value) {
+        object_register_sugar_prop(ACCEL_CLASS_NAME("kvm"), "kvm-shadow-mem", value,
+                                   false);
+        qdict_del(qdict, "kvm-shadow-mem");
+    }
+
+    value = qdict_get_try_str(qdict, "kernel-irqchip");
+    if (value) {
+        object_register_sugar_prop(ACCEL_CLASS_NAME("kvm"), "kernel-irqchip", value,
+                                   false);
+        object_register_sugar_prop(ACCEL_CLASS_NAME("whpx"), "kernel-irqchip", value,
+                                   false);
+        qdict_del(qdict, "kernel-irqchip");
+    }
+
+    value = qdict_get_try_str(qdict, "memory-backend");
+    if (value) {
+        if (mem_path) {
+            error_report("'-mem-path' can't be used together with"
+                         "'-machine memory-backend'");
+            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+
+        /* Resolved later.  */
+        ram_memdev_id = g_strdup(value);
+        qdict_del(qdict, "memory-backend");
+    }
+
+    prop = qdict_get(qdict, "memory");
+    if (prop) {
+        have_custom_ram_size =
+            qobject_type(prop) == QTYPE_QDICT &&
+            qdict_haskey(qobject_to(QDict, prop), "size");
+    }
+}
+
+static void object_option_foreach_add(bool (*type_opt_predicate)(const char *))
+{
+    ObjectOption *opt, *next;
+
+    QTAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(opt, &object_opts, next, next) {
+        const char *type = ObjectType_str(opt->opts->qom_type);
+        if (type_opt_predicate(type)) {
+            user_creatable_add_qapi(opt->opts, &error_fatal);
+            qapi_free_ObjectOptions(opt->opts);
+            QTAILQ_REMOVE(&object_opts, opt, next);
+            g_free(opt);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static void object_option_add_visitor(Visitor *v)
+{
+    ObjectOption *opt = g_new0(ObjectOption, 1);
+    visit_type_ObjectOptions(v, NULL, &opt->opts, &error_fatal);
+    QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&object_opts, opt, next);
+}
+
+static void object_option_parse(const char *str)
+{
+    QemuOpts *opts;
+    const char *type;
+    Visitor *v;
+
+    if (str[0] == '{') {
+        QObject *obj = qobject_from_json(str, &error_fatal);
+
+        v = qobject_input_visitor_new(obj);
+        qobject_unref(obj);
+    } else {
+        opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("object"),
+                                       str, true);
+        if (!opts) {
+            exit(1);
+        }
+
+        type = qemu_opt_get(opts, "qom-type");
+        if (!type) {
+            error_setg(&error_fatal, QERR_MISSING_PARAMETER, "qom-type");
+        }
+        if (user_creatable_print_help(type, opts)) {
+            exit(0);
+        }
+
+        v = opts_visitor_new(opts);
+    }
+
+    object_option_add_visitor(v);
+    visit_free(v);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Very early object creation, before the sandbox options have been activated.
+ */
+static bool object_create_pre_sandbox(const char *type)
+{
+    /*
+     * Objects should in general not get initialized "too early" without
+     * a reason. If you add one, state the reason in a comment!
+     */
+
+    /*
+     * Reason: -sandbox on,resourcecontrol=deny disallows setting CPU
+     * affinity of threads.
+     */
+    if (g_str_equal(type, "thread-context")) {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    return false;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Initial object creation happens before all other
+ * QEMU data types are created. The majority of objects
+ * can be created at this point. The rng-egd object
+ * cannot be created here, as it depends on the chardev
+ * already existing.
+ */
+static bool object_create_early(const char *type)
+{
+    /*
+     * Objects should not be made "delayed" without a reason.  If you
+     * add one, state the reason in a comment!
+     */
+
+    /* Reason: already created. */
+    if (object_create_pre_sandbox(type)) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /* Reason: property "chardev" */
+    if (g_str_equal(type, "rng-egd") ||
+        g_str_equal(type, "qtest")) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+#if defined(CONFIG_VHOST_USER) && defined(CONFIG_LINUX)
+    /* Reason: cryptodev-vhost-user property "chardev" */
+    if (g_str_equal(type, "cryptodev-vhost-user")) {
+        return false;
+    }
+#endif
+
+    /* Reason: vhost-user-blk-server property "node-name" */
+    if (g_str_equal(type, "vhost-user-blk-server")) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    /*
+     * Reason: filter-* property "netdev" etc.
+     */
+    if (g_str_equal(type, "filter-buffer") ||
+        g_str_equal(type, "filter-dump") ||
+        g_str_equal(type, "filter-mirror") ||
+        g_str_equal(type, "filter-redirector") ||
+        g_str_equal(type, "colo-compare") ||
+        g_str_equal(type, "filter-rewriter") ||
+        g_str_equal(type, "filter-replay")) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Allocation of large amounts of memory may delay
+     * chardev initialization for too long, and trigger timeouts
+     * on software that waits for a monitor socket to be created
+     * (e.g. libvirt).
+     */
+    if (g_str_has_prefix(type, "memory-backend-")) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+static void qemu_apply_machine_options(QDict *qdict)
+{
+    object_set_properties_from_keyval(OBJECT(current_machine), qdict, false, &error_fatal);
+
+    if (semihosting_enabled(false) && !semihosting_get_argc()) {
+        /* fall back to the -kernel/-append */
+        semihosting_arg_fallback(current_machine->kernel_filename, current_machine->kernel_cmdline);
+    }
+
+    if (current_machine->smp.cpus > 1) {
+        replay_add_blocker("smp");
+    }
+}
+
+static void qemu_create_early_backends(void)
+{
+    MachineClass *machine_class = MACHINE_GET_CLASS(current_machine);
+#if defined(CONFIG_SDL)
+    const bool use_sdl = (dpy.type == DISPLAY_TYPE_SDL);
+#else
+    const bool use_sdl = false;
+#endif
+#if defined(CONFIG_GTK)
+    const bool use_gtk = (dpy.type == DISPLAY_TYPE_GTK);
+#else
+    const bool use_gtk = false;
+#endif
+
+    if (dpy.has_window_close && !use_gtk && !use_sdl) {
+        error_report("window-close is only valid for GTK and SDL, "
+                     "ignoring option");
+    }
+
+    qemu_display_early_init(&dpy);
+    qemu_console_early_init();
+
+    if (dpy.has_gl && dpy.gl != DISPLAYGL_MODE_OFF && display_opengl == 0) {
+#if defined(CONFIG_OPENGL)
+        error_report("OpenGL is not supported by the display");
+#else
+        error_report("OpenGL support is disabled");
+#endif
+        exit(1);
+    }
+
+    object_option_foreach_add(object_create_early);
+
+    /* spice needs the timers to be initialized by this point */
+    /* spice must initialize before audio as it changes the default audiodev */
+    /* spice must initialize before chardevs (for spicevmc and spiceport) */
+    qemu_spice.init();
+
+    qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("chardev"),
+                      chardev_init_func, NULL, &error_fatal);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_VIRTFS
+    qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("fsdev"),
+                      fsdev_init_func, NULL, &error_fatal);
+#endif
+
+    /*
+     * Note: we need to create audio and block backends before
+     * setting machine properties, so they can be referred to.
+     */
+    configure_blockdev(&bdo_queue, machine_class, snapshot);
+    audio_init_audiodevs();
+    if (default_audio) {
+        audio_create_default_audiodevs();
+    }
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * The remainder of object creation happens after the
+ * creation of chardev, fsdev, net clients and device data types.
+ */
+static bool object_create_late(const char *type)
+{
+    return !object_create_early(type) && !object_create_pre_sandbox(type);
+}
+
+static void qemu_create_late_backends(void)
+{
+    if (qtest_chrdev) {
+        qtest_server_init(qtest_chrdev, qtest_log, &error_fatal);
+    }
+
+    net_init_clients();
+
+    object_option_foreach_add(object_create_late);
+
+    if (tpm_init() < 0) {
+        exit(1);
+    }
+
+    qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("mon"),
+                      mon_init_func, NULL, &error_fatal);
+
+    if (foreach_device_config(DEV_SERIAL, serial_parse) < 0)
+        exit(1);
+    if (foreach_device_config(DEV_PARALLEL, parallel_parse) < 0)
+        exit(1);
+    if (foreach_device_config(DEV_DEBUGCON, debugcon_parse) < 0)
+        exit(1);
+
+    /* now chardevs have been created we may have semihosting to connect */
+    qemu_semihosting_chardev_init();
+}
+
+static void qemu_resolve_machine_memdev(void)
+{
+    if (ram_memdev_id) {
+        Object *backend;
+        ram_addr_t backend_size;
+
+        backend = object_resolve_path_type(ram_memdev_id,
+                                           TYPE_MEMORY_BACKEND, NULL);
+        if (!backend) {
+            error_report("Memory backend '%s' not found", ram_memdev_id);
+            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+        if (!have_custom_ram_size) {
+            backend_size = object_property_get_uint(backend, "size",  &error_abort);
+            current_machine->ram_size = backend_size;
+        }
+        object_property_set_link(OBJECT(current_machine),
+                                 "memory-backend", backend, &error_fatal);
+    }
+}
+
+static void parse_memory_options(void)
+{
+    QemuOpts *opts = qemu_find_opts_singleton("memory");
+    QDict *dict, *prop;
+    const char *mem_str;
+    Location loc;
+
+    loc_push_none(&loc);
+    qemu_opts_loc_restore(opts);
+
+    prop = qdict_new();
+
+    if (qemu_opt_get_size(opts, "size", 0) != 0) {
+        /* Fix up legacy suffix-less format */
+        mem_str = qemu_opt_get(opts, "size");
+        if (g_ascii_isdigit(mem_str[strlen(mem_str) - 1])) {
+            g_autofree char *mib_str = g_strdup_printf("%sM", mem_str);
+            qdict_put_str(prop, "size", mib_str);
+        } else {
+            qdict_put_str(prop, "size", mem_str);
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (qemu_opt_get(opts, "maxmem")) {
+        qdict_put_str(prop, "max-size", qemu_opt_get(opts, "maxmem"));
+    }
+    if (qemu_opt_get(opts, "slots")) {
+        qdict_put_str(prop, "slots", qemu_opt_get(opts, "slots"));
+    }
+
+    dict = qdict_new();
+    qdict_put(dict, "memory", prop);
+    keyval_merge(machine_opts_dict, dict, &error_fatal);
+    qobject_unref(dict);
+    loc_pop(&loc);
+}
+
+static void qemu_create_machine(QDict *qdict)
+{
+    MachineClass *machine_class = select_machine(qdict, &error_fatal);
+    object_set_machine_compat_props(machine_class->compat_props);
+
+    current_machine = MACHINE(object_new_with_class(OBJECT_CLASS(machine_class)));
+    object_property_add_child(object_get_root(), "machine",
+                              OBJECT(current_machine));
+    object_property_add_child(container_get(OBJECT(current_machine),
+                                            "/unattached"),
+                              "sysbus", OBJECT(sysbus_get_default()));
+
+    if (machine_class->minimum_page_bits) {
+        if (!set_preferred_target_page_bits(machine_class->minimum_page_bits)) {
+            /* This would be a board error: specifying a minimum smaller than
+             * a target's compile-time fixed setting.
+             */
+            g_assert_not_reached();
+        }
+    }
+
+    cpu_exec_init_all();
+    page_size_init();
+
+    if (machine_class->hw_version) {
+        qemu_set_hw_version(machine_class->hw_version);
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Get the default machine options from the machine if it is not already
+     * specified either by the configuration file or by the command line.
+     */
+    if (machine_class->default_machine_opts) {
+        QDict *default_opts =
+            keyval_parse(machine_class->default_machine_opts, NULL, NULL,
+                         &error_abort);
+        qemu_apply_legacy_machine_options(default_opts);
+        object_set_properties_from_keyval(OBJECT(current_machine), default_opts,
+                                          false, &error_abort);
+        qobject_unref(default_opts);
+    }
+}
+
+static int global_init_func(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
+{
+    GlobalProperty *g;
+
+    g = g_malloc0(sizeof(*g));
+    g->driver   = qemu_opt_get(opts, "driver");
+    g->property = qemu_opt_get(opts, "property");
+    g->value    = qemu_opt_get(opts, "value");
+    qdev_prop_register_global(g);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return whether configuration group @group is stored in QemuOpts, or
+ * recorded as one or more QDicts by qemu_record_config_group.
+ */
+static bool is_qemuopts_group(const char *group)
+{
+    if (g_str_equal(group, "object") ||
+        g_str_equal(group, "audiodev") ||
+        g_str_equal(group, "machine") ||
+        g_str_equal(group, "smp-opts") ||
+        g_str_equal(group, "boot-opts")) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+static void qemu_record_config_group(const char *group, QDict *dict,
+                                     bool from_json, Error **errp)
+{
+    if (g_str_equal(group, "object")) {
+        Visitor *v = qobject_input_visitor_new_keyval(QOBJECT(dict));
+        object_option_add_visitor(v);
+        visit_free(v);
+
+    } else if (g_str_equal(group, "audiodev")) {
+        Audiodev *dev = NULL;
+        Visitor *v = qobject_input_visitor_new_keyval(QOBJECT(dict));
+        if (visit_type_Audiodev(v, NULL, &dev, errp)) {
+            audio_define(dev);
+        }
+        visit_free(v);
+
+    } else if (g_str_equal(group, "machine")) {
+        /*
+         * Cannot merge string-valued and type-safe dictionaries, so JSON
+         * is not accepted yet for -M.
+         */
+        assert(!from_json);
+        keyval_merge(machine_opts_dict, dict, errp);
+    } else if (g_str_equal(group, "smp-opts")) {
+        machine_merge_property("smp", dict, &error_fatal);
+    } else if (g_str_equal(group, "boot-opts")) {
+        machine_merge_property("boot", dict, &error_fatal);
+    } else {
+        abort();
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Parse non-QemuOpts config file groups, pass the rest to
+ * qemu_config_do_parse.
+ */
+static void qemu_parse_config_group(const char *group, QDict *qdict,
+                                    void *opaque, Error **errp)
+{
+    QObject *crumpled;
+    if (is_qemuopts_group(group)) {
+        qemu_config_do_parse(group, qdict, opaque, errp);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    crumpled = qdict_crumple(qdict, errp);
+    if (!crumpled) {
+        return;
+    }
+    switch (qobject_type(crumpled)) {
+    case QTYPE_QDICT:
+        qemu_record_config_group(group, qobject_to(QDict, crumpled), false, errp);
+        break;
+    case QTYPE_QLIST:
+        error_setg(errp, "Lists cannot be at top level of a configuration section");
+        break;
+    default:
+        g_assert_not_reached();
+    }
+    qobject_unref(crumpled);
+}
+
+static void qemu_read_default_config_file(Error **errp)
+{
+    ERRP_GUARD();
+    int ret;
+    g_autofree char *file = get_relocated_path(CONFIG_QEMU_CONFDIR "/qemu.conf");
+
+    ret = qemu_read_config_file(file, qemu_parse_config_group, errp);
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        if (ret == -ENOENT) {
+            error_free(*errp);
+            *errp = NULL;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static void qemu_set_option(const char *str, Error **errp)
+{
+    char group[64], id[64], arg[64];
+    QemuOptsList *list;
+    QemuOpts *opts;
+    int rc, offset;
+
+    rc = sscanf(str, "%63[^.].%63[^.].%63[^=]%n", group, id, arg, &offset);
+    if (rc < 3 || str[offset] != '=') {
+        error_setg(errp, "can't parse: \"%s\"", str);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (!is_qemuopts_group(group)) {
+        error_setg(errp, "-set is not supported with %s", group);
+    } else {
+        list = qemu_find_opts_err(group, errp);
+        if (list) {
+            opts = qemu_opts_find(list, id);
+            if (!opts) {
+                error_setg(errp, "there is no %s \"%s\" defined", group, id);
+                return;
+            }
+            qemu_opt_set(opts, arg, str + offset + 1, errp);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static void user_register_global_props(void)
+{
+    qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("global"),
+                      global_init_func, NULL, NULL);
+}
+
+static int do_configure_icount(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
+{
+    icount_configure(opts, errp);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int accelerator_set_property(void *opaque,
+                                const char *name, const char *value,
+                                Error **errp)
+{
+    return object_parse_property_opt(opaque, name, value, "accel", errp);
+}
+
+static int do_configure_accelerator(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
+{
+    bool *p_init_failed = opaque;
+    const char *acc = qemu_opt_get(opts, "accel");
+    AccelClass *ac = accel_find(acc);
+    AccelState *accel;
+    int ret;
+    bool qtest_with_kvm;
+
+    if (!acc) {
+        error_setg(errp, QERR_MISSING_PARAMETER, "accel");
+        goto bad;
+    }
+
+    qtest_with_kvm = g_str_equal(acc, "kvm") && qtest_chrdev != NULL;
+
+    if (!ac) {
+        if (!qtest_with_kvm) {
+            error_report("invalid accelerator %s", acc);
+        }
+        goto bad;
+    }
+    accel = ACCEL(object_new_with_class(OBJECT_CLASS(ac)));
+    object_apply_compat_props(OBJECT(accel));
+    qemu_opt_foreach(opts, accelerator_set_property,
+                     accel,
+                     &error_fatal);
+    /*
+     * If legacy -singlestep option is set, honour it for TCG and
+     * silently ignore for any other accelerator (which is how this
+     * option has always behaved).
+     */
+    if (opt_one_insn_per_tb) {
+        /*
+         * This will always succeed for TCG, and we want to ignore
+         * the error from trying to set a nonexistent property
+         * on any other accelerator.
+         */
+        object_property_set_bool(OBJECT(accel), "one-insn-per-tb", true, NULL);
+    }
+    ret = accel_init_machine(accel, current_machine);
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        if (!qtest_with_kvm || ret != -ENOENT) {
+            error_report("failed to initialize %s: %s", acc, strerror(-ret));
+        }
+        goto bad;
+    }
+
+    return 1;
+
+bad:
+    *p_init_failed = true;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static void configure_accelerators(const char *progname)
+{
+    bool init_failed = false;
+
+    qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("icount"),
+                      do_configure_icount, NULL, &error_fatal);
+
+    if (QTAILQ_EMPTY(&qemu_accel_opts.head)) {
+        char **accel_list, **tmp;
+
+        if (accelerators == NULL) {
+            /* Select the default accelerator */
+            bool have_tcg = accel_find("tcg");
+            bool have_kvm = accel_find("kvm");
+
+            if (have_tcg && have_kvm) {
+                if (g_str_has_suffix(progname, "kvm")) {
+                    /* If the program name ends with "kvm", we prefer KVM */
+                    accelerators = "kvm:tcg";
+                } else {
+                    accelerators = "tcg:kvm";
+                }
+            } else if (have_kvm) {
+                accelerators = "kvm";
+            } else if (have_tcg) {
+                accelerators = "tcg";
+            } else {
+                error_report("No accelerator selected and"
+                             " no default accelerator available");
+                exit(1);
+            }
+        }
+        accel_list = g_strsplit(accelerators, ":", 0);
+
+        for (tmp = accel_list; *tmp; tmp++) {
+            /*
+             * Filter invalid accelerators here, to prevent obscenities
+             * such as "-machine accel=tcg,,thread=single".
+             */
+            if (accel_find(*tmp)) {
+                qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("accel"), *tmp, true);
+            } else {
+                init_failed = true;
+                error_report("invalid accelerator %s", *tmp);
+            }
+        }
+        g_strfreev(accel_list);
+    } else {
+        if (accelerators != NULL) {
+            error_report("The -accel and \"-machine accel=\" options are incompatible");
+            exit(1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (!qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("accel"),
+                           do_configure_accelerator, &init_failed, &error_fatal)) {
+        if (!init_failed) {
+            error_report("no accelerator found");
+        }
+        exit(1);
+    }
+
+    if (init_failed && !qtest_chrdev) {
+        error_report("falling back to %s", current_accel_name());
+    }
+
+    if (icount_enabled() && !tcg_enabled()) {
+        error_report("-icount is not allowed with hardware virtualization");
+        exit(1);
+    }
+}
+
+static void qemu_validate_options(const QDict *machine_opts)
+{
+    const char *kernel_filename = qdict_get_try_str(machine_opts, "kernel");
+    const char *initrd_filename = qdict_get_try_str(machine_opts, "initrd");
+    const char *kernel_cmdline = qdict_get_try_str(machine_opts, "append");
+
+    if (kernel_filename == NULL) {
+         if (kernel_cmdline != NULL) {
+              error_report("-append only allowed with -kernel option");
+              exit(1);
+          }
+
+          if (initrd_filename != NULL) {
+              error_report("-initrd only allowed with -kernel option");
+              exit(1);
+          }
+    }
+
+    if (loadvm && preconfig_requested) {
+        error_report("'preconfig' and 'loadvm' options are "
+                     "mutually exclusive");
+        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+    }
+    if (incoming && preconfig_requested && strcmp(incoming, "defer") != 0) {
+        error_report("'preconfig' supports '-incoming defer' only");
+        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+    }
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_CURSES
+    if (is_daemonized() && dpy.type == DISPLAY_TYPE_CURSES) {
+        error_report("curses display cannot be used with -daemonize");
+        exit(1);
+    }
+#endif
+}
+
+static void qemu_process_sugar_options(void)
+{
+    if (mem_prealloc) {
+        QObject *smp = qdict_get(machine_opts_dict, "smp");
+        if (smp && qobject_type(smp) == QTYPE_QDICT) {
+            QObject *cpus = qdict_get(qobject_to(QDict, smp), "cpus");
+            if (cpus && qobject_type(cpus) == QTYPE_QSTRING) {
+                const char *val = qstring_get_str(qobject_to(QString, cpus));
+                object_register_sugar_prop("memory-backend", "prealloc-threads",
+                                           val, false);
+            }
+        }
+        object_register_sugar_prop("memory-backend", "prealloc", "on", false);
+    }
+}
+
+/* -action processing */
+
+/*
+ * Process all the -action parameters parsed from cmdline.
+ */
+static int process_runstate_actions(void *opaque, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
+{
+    Error *local_err = NULL;
+    QDict *qdict = qemu_opts_to_qdict(opts, NULL);
+    QObject *ret = NULL;
+    qmp_marshal_set_action(qdict, &ret, &local_err);
+    qobject_unref(ret);
+    qobject_unref(qdict);
+    if (local_err) {
+        error_propagate(errp, local_err);
+        return 1;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static void qemu_process_early_options(void)
+{
+    qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("name"),
+                      parse_name, NULL, &error_fatal);
+
+    object_option_foreach_add(object_create_pre_sandbox);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_SECCOMP
+    QemuOptsList *olist = qemu_find_opts_err("sandbox", NULL);
+    if (olist) {
+        qemu_opts_foreach(olist, parse_sandbox, NULL, &error_fatal);
+    }
+#endif
+
+    if (qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("action"),
+                          process_runstate_actions, NULL, &error_fatal)) {
+        exit(1);
+    }
+
+#ifndef _WIN32
+    qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("add-fd"),
+                      parse_add_fd, NULL, &error_fatal);
+
+    qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("add-fd"),
+                      cleanup_add_fd, NULL, &error_fatal);
+#endif
+
+    /* Open the logfile at this point and set the log mask if necessary.  */
+    {
+        int mask = 0;
+        if (log_mask) {
+            mask = qemu_str_to_log_mask(log_mask);
+            if (!mask) {
+                qemu_print_log_usage(stdout);
+                exit(1);
+            }
+        }
+        qemu_set_log_filename_flags(log_file, mask, &error_fatal);
+    }
+
+    qemu_add_default_firmwarepath();
+}
+
+static void qemu_process_help_options(void)
+{
+    /*
+     * Check for -cpu help and -device help before we call select_machine(),
+     * which will return an error if the architecture has no default machine
+     * type and the user did not specify one, so that the user doesn't need
+     * to say '-cpu help -machine something'.
+     */
+    if (cpu_option && is_help_option(cpu_option)) {
+        list_cpus();
+        exit(0);
+    }
+
+    if (qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("device"),
+                          device_help_func, NULL, NULL)) {
+        exit(0);
+    }
+
+    /* -L help lists the data directories and exits. */
+    if (list_data_dirs) {
+        qemu_list_data_dirs();
+        exit(0);
+    }
+}
+
+static void qemu_maybe_daemonize(const char *pid_file)
+{
+    Error *err = NULL;
+
+    os_daemonize();
+    rcu_disable_atfork();
+
+    if (pid_file) {
+        char *pid_file_realpath = NULL;
+
+        if (!qemu_write_pidfile(pid_file, &err)) {
+            error_reportf_err(err, "cannot create PID file: ");
+            exit(1);
+        }
+
+        pid_file_realpath = g_malloc0(PATH_MAX);
+        if (!realpath(pid_file, pid_file_realpath)) {
+            if (errno != ENOENT) {
+                warn_report("not removing PID file on exit: cannot resolve PID "
+                            "file path: %s: %s", pid_file, strerror(errno));
+            }
+            return;
+        }
+
+        qemu_unlink_pidfile_notifier = (struct UnlinkPidfileNotifier) {
+            .notifier = {
+                .notify = qemu_unlink_pidfile,
+            },
+            .pid_file_realpath = pid_file_realpath,
+        };
+        qemu_add_exit_notifier(&qemu_unlink_pidfile_notifier.notifier);
+    }
+}
+
+static void qemu_init_displays(void)
+{
+    DisplayState *ds;
+
+    /* init local displays */
+    ds = init_displaystate();
+    qemu_display_init(ds, &dpy);
+
+    /* must be after terminal init, SDL library changes signal handlers */
+    os_setup_signal_handling();
+
+    /* init remote displays */
+#ifdef CONFIG_VNC
+    qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("vnc"),
+                      vnc_init_func, NULL, &error_fatal);
+#endif
+
+    if (using_spice) {
+        qemu_spice.display_init();
+    }
+}
+
+static void qemu_init_board(void)
+{
+    /* process plugin before CPUs are created, but once -smp has been parsed */
+    qemu_plugin_load_list(&plugin_list, &error_fatal);
+
+    /* From here on we enter MACHINE_PHASE_INITIALIZED.  */
+    machine_run_board_init(current_machine, mem_path, &error_fatal);
+
+    drive_check_orphaned();
+
+    realtime_init();
+}
+
+static void qemu_create_cli_devices(void)
+{
+    DeviceOption *opt;
+
+    soundhw_init();
+
+    qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("fw_cfg"),
+                      parse_fw_cfg, fw_cfg_find(), &error_fatal);
+
+    /* init USB devices */
+    if (machine_usb(current_machine)) {
+        if (foreach_device_config(DEV_USB, usb_parse) < 0)
+            exit(1);
+    }
+
+    /* init generic devices */
+    rom_set_order_override(FW_CFG_ORDER_OVERRIDE_DEVICE);
+    qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("device"),
+                      device_init_func, NULL, &error_fatal);
+    QTAILQ_FOREACH(opt, &device_opts, next) {
+        DeviceState *dev;
+        loc_push_restore(&opt->loc);
+        /*
+         * TODO Eventually we should call qmp_device_add() here to make sure it
+         * behaves the same, but QMP still has to accept incorrectly typed
+         * options until libvirt is fixed and we want to be strict on the CLI
+         * from the start, so call qdev_device_add_from_qdict() directly for
+         * now.
+         */
+        dev = qdev_device_add_from_qdict(opt->opts, true, &error_fatal);
+        object_unref(OBJECT(dev));
+        loc_pop(&opt->loc);
+    }
+    rom_reset_order_override();
+}
+
+static void qemu_machine_creation_done(void)
+{
+    MachineState *machine = MACHINE(qdev_get_machine());
+
+    /* Did we create any drives that we failed to create a device for? */
+    drive_check_orphaned();
+
+    /* Don't warn about the default network setup that you get if
+     * no command line -net or -netdev options are specified. There
+     * are two cases that we would otherwise complain about:
+     * (1) board doesn't support a NIC but the implicit "-net nic"
+     * requested one
+     * (2) CONFIG_SLIRP not set, in which case the implicit "-net nic"
+     * sets up a nic that isn't connected to anything.
+     */
+    if (!default_net && (!qtest_enabled() || has_defaults)) {
+        net_check_clients();
+    }
+
+    qdev_prop_check_globals();
+
+    qdev_machine_creation_done();
+
+    if (machine->cgs) {
+        /*
+         * Verify that Confidential Guest Support has actually been initialized
+         */
+        assert(machine->cgs->ready);
+    }
+
+    if (foreach_device_config(DEV_GDB, gdbserver_start) < 0) {
+        exit(1);
+    }
+    if (!vga_interface_created && !default_vga &&
+        vga_interface_type != VGA_NONE) {
+        warn_report("A -vga option was passed but this machine "
+                    "type does not use that option; "
+                    "No VGA device has been created");
+    }
+}
+
+void qmp_x_exit_preconfig(Error **errp)
+{
+    if (phase_check(PHASE_MACHINE_INITIALIZED)) {
+        error_setg(errp, "The command is permitted only before machine initialization");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    qemu_init_board();
+    qemu_create_cli_devices();
+    qemu_machine_creation_done();
+
+    if (loadvm) {
+        load_snapshot(loadvm, NULL, false, NULL, &error_fatal);
+    }
+    if (replay_mode != REPLAY_MODE_NONE) {
+        replay_vmstate_init();
+    }
+
+    if (incoming) {
+        Error *local_err = NULL;
+        if (strcmp(incoming, "defer") != 0) {
+            qmp_migrate_incoming(incoming, &local_err);
+            if (local_err) {
+                error_reportf_err(local_err, "-incoming %s: ", incoming);
+                exit(1);
+            }
+        }
+    } else if (autostart) {
+        qmp_cont(NULL);
+    }
+}
+
+void qemu_init(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+    QemuOpts *opts;
+    QemuOpts *icount_opts = NULL, *accel_opts = NULL;
+    QemuOptsList *olist;
+    int optind;
+    const char *optarg;
+    MachineClass *machine_class;
+    bool userconfig = true;
+    FILE *vmstate_dump_file = NULL;
+
+    qemu_add_opts(&qemu_drive_opts);
+    qemu_add_drive_opts(&qemu_legacy_drive_opts);
+    qemu_add_drive_opts(&qemu_common_drive_opts);
+    qemu_add_drive_opts(&qemu_drive_opts);
+    qemu_add_drive_opts(&bdrv_runtime_opts);
+    qemu_add_opts(&qemu_chardev_opts);
+    qemu_add_opts(&qemu_device_opts);
+    qemu_add_opts(&qemu_netdev_opts);
+    qemu_add_opts(&qemu_nic_opts);
+    qemu_add_opts(&qemu_net_opts);
+    qemu_add_opts(&qemu_rtc_opts);
+    qemu_add_opts(&qemu_global_opts);
+    qemu_add_opts(&qemu_mon_opts);
+    qemu_add_opts(&qemu_trace_opts);
+    qemu_plugin_add_opts();
+    qemu_add_opts(&qemu_option_rom_opts);
+    qemu_add_opts(&qemu_accel_opts);
+    qemu_add_opts(&qemu_mem_opts);
+    qemu_add_opts(&qemu_smp_opts);
+    qemu_add_opts(&qemu_boot_opts);
+    qemu_add_opts(&qemu_add_fd_opts);
+    qemu_add_opts(&qemu_object_opts);
+    qemu_add_opts(&qemu_tpmdev_opts);
+    qemu_add_opts(&qemu_overcommit_opts);
+    qemu_add_opts(&qemu_msg_opts);
+    qemu_add_opts(&qemu_name_opts);
+    qemu_add_opts(&qemu_numa_opts);
+    qemu_add_opts(&qemu_icount_opts);
+    qemu_add_opts(&qemu_semihosting_config_opts);
+    qemu_add_opts(&qemu_fw_cfg_opts);
+    qemu_add_opts(&qemu_action_opts);
+    qemu_add_run_with_opts();
+    module_call_init(MODULE_INIT_OPTS);
+
+    error_init(argv[0]);
+    qemu_init_exec_dir(argv[0]);
+
+    qemu_init_arch_modules();
+
+    qemu_init_subsystems();
+
+    /* first pass of option parsing */
+    optind = 1;
+    while (optind < argc) {
+        if (argv[optind][0] != '-') {
+            /* disk image */
+            optind++;
+        } else {
+            const QEMUOption *popt;
+
+            popt = lookup_opt(argc, argv, &optarg, &optind);
+            switch (popt->index) {
+            case QEMU_OPTION_nouserconfig:
+                userconfig = false;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    machine_opts_dict = qdict_new();
+    if (userconfig) {
+        qemu_read_default_config_file(&error_fatal);
+    }
+
+    /* second pass of option parsing */
+    optind = 1;
+    for(;;) {
+        if (optind >= argc)
+            break;
+        if (argv[optind][0] != '-') {
+            loc_set_cmdline(argv, optind, 1);
+            drive_add(IF_DEFAULT, 0, argv[optind++], HD_OPTS);
+        } else {
+            const QEMUOption *popt;
+
+            popt = lookup_opt(argc, argv, &optarg, &optind);
+            if (!(popt->arch_mask & arch_type)) {
+                error_report("Option not supported for this target");
+                exit(1);
+            }
+            switch(popt->index) {
+            case QEMU_OPTION_cpu:
+                /* hw initialization will check this */
+                cpu_option = optarg;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_hda:
+            case QEMU_OPTION_hdb:
+            case QEMU_OPTION_hdc:
+            case QEMU_OPTION_hdd:
+                drive_add(IF_DEFAULT, popt->index - QEMU_OPTION_hda, optarg,
+                          HD_OPTS);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_blockdev:
+                {
+                    Visitor *v;
+                    BlockdevOptionsQueueEntry *bdo;
+
+                    v = qobject_input_visitor_new_str(optarg, "driver",
+                                                      &error_fatal);
+
+                    bdo = g_new(BlockdevOptionsQueueEntry, 1);
+                    visit_type_BlockdevOptions(v, NULL, &bdo->bdo,
+                                               &error_fatal);
+                    visit_free(v);
+                    loc_save(&bdo->loc);
+                    QSIMPLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(&bdo_queue, bdo, entry);
+                    break;
+                }
+            case QEMU_OPTION_drive:
+                opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("drive"),
+                                               optarg, false);
+                if (opts == NULL) {
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_set:
+                qemu_set_option(optarg, &error_fatal);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_global:
+                if (qemu_global_option(optarg) != 0)
+                    exit(1);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_mtdblock:
+                drive_add(IF_MTD, -1, optarg, MTD_OPTS);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_sd:
+                drive_add(IF_SD, -1, optarg, SD_OPTS);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_pflash:
+                drive_add(IF_PFLASH, -1, optarg, PFLASH_OPTS);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_snapshot:
+                snapshot = 1;
+                replay_add_blocker("-snapshot");
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_numa:
+                opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("numa"),
+                                               optarg, true);
+                if (!opts) {
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_display:
+                parse_display(optarg);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_nographic:
+                qdict_put_str(machine_opts_dict, "graphics", "off");
+                nographic = true;
+                dpy.type = DISPLAY_TYPE_NONE;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_portrait:
+                graphic_rotate = 90;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_rotate:
+                graphic_rotate = strtol(optarg, (char **) &optarg, 10);
+                if (graphic_rotate != 0 && graphic_rotate != 90 &&
+                    graphic_rotate != 180 && graphic_rotate != 270) {
+                    error_report("only 90, 180, 270 deg rotation is available");
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_kernel:
+                qdict_put_str(machine_opts_dict, "kernel", optarg);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_initrd:
+                qdict_put_str(machine_opts_dict, "initrd", optarg);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_append:
+                qdict_put_str(machine_opts_dict, "append", optarg);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_dtb:
+                qdict_put_str(machine_opts_dict, "dtb", optarg);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_cdrom:
+                drive_add(IF_DEFAULT, 2, optarg, CDROM_OPTS);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_boot:
+                machine_parse_property_opt(qemu_find_opts("boot-opts"), "boot", optarg);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_fda:
+            case QEMU_OPTION_fdb:
+                drive_add(IF_FLOPPY, popt->index - QEMU_OPTION_fda,
+                          optarg, FD_OPTS);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_no_fd_bootchk:
+                fd_bootchk = 0;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_netdev:
+                default_net = 0;
+                if (netdev_is_modern(optarg)) {
+                    netdev_parse_modern(optarg);
+                } else {
+                    net_client_parse(qemu_find_opts("netdev"), optarg);
+                }
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_nic:
+                default_net = 0;
+                net_client_parse(qemu_find_opts("nic"), optarg);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_net:
+                default_net = 0;
+                net_client_parse(qemu_find_opts("net"), optarg);
+                break;
+#ifdef CONFIG_LIBISCSI
+            case QEMU_OPTION_iscsi:
+                opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("iscsi"),
+                                               optarg, false);
+                if (!opts) {
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                break;
+#endif
+            case QEMU_OPTION_audiodev:
+                default_audio = 0;
+                audio_parse_option(optarg);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_audio: {
+                bool help;
+                char *model = NULL;
+                Audiodev *dev = NULL;
+                Visitor *v;
+                QDict *dict = keyval_parse(optarg, "driver", &help, &error_fatal);
+                default_audio = 0;
+                if (help || (qdict_haskey(dict, "driver") &&
+                             is_help_option(qdict_get_str(dict, "driver")))) {
+                    audio_help();
+                    exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
+                }
+                if (!qdict_haskey(dict, "id")) {
+                    qdict_put_str(dict, "id", "audiodev0");
+                }
+                if (qdict_haskey(dict, "model")) {
+                    model = g_strdup(qdict_get_str(dict, "model"));
+                    qdict_del(dict, "model");
+                    if (is_help_option(model)) {
+                        show_valid_soundhw();
+                        exit(0);
+                    }
+                }
+                v = qobject_input_visitor_new_keyval(QOBJECT(dict));
+                qobject_unref(dict);
+                visit_type_Audiodev(v, NULL, &dev, &error_fatal);
+                visit_free(v);
+                if (model) {
+                    audio_define(dev);
+                    select_soundhw(model, dev->id);
+                    g_free(model);
+                } else {
+                    audio_define_default(dev, &error_fatal);
+                }
+                break;
+            }
+            case QEMU_OPTION_h:
+                help(0);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_version:
+                version();
+                exit(0);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_m:
+                opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("memory"), optarg, true);
+                if (opts == NULL) {
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                break;
+#ifdef CONFIG_TPM
+            case QEMU_OPTION_tpmdev:
+                if (tpm_config_parse(qemu_find_opts("tpmdev"), optarg) < 0) {
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                break;
+#endif
+            case QEMU_OPTION_mempath:
+                mem_path = optarg;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_mem_prealloc:
+                mem_prealloc = 1;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_d:
+                log_mask = optarg;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_D:
+                log_file = optarg;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_DFILTER:
+                qemu_set_dfilter_ranges(optarg, &error_fatal);
+                break;
+#if defined(CONFIG_TCG) && defined(CONFIG_LINUX)
+            case QEMU_OPTION_perfmap:
+                perf_enable_perfmap();
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_jitdump:
+                perf_enable_jitdump();
+                break;
+#endif
+            case QEMU_OPTION_seed:
+                qemu_guest_random_seed_main(optarg, &error_fatal);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_s:
+                add_device_config(DEV_GDB, "tcp::" DEFAULT_GDBSTUB_PORT);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_gdb:
+                add_device_config(DEV_GDB, optarg);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_L:
+                if (is_help_option(optarg)) {
+                    list_data_dirs = true;
+                } else {
+                    qemu_add_data_dir(g_strdup(optarg));
+                }
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_bios:
+                qdict_put_str(machine_opts_dict, "firmware", optarg);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_singlestep:
+                opt_one_insn_per_tb = true;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_S:
+                autostart = 0;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_k:
+                keyboard_layout = optarg;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_vga:
+                vga_model = optarg;
+                default_vga = 0;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_g:
+                {
+                    const char *p;
+                    int w, h, depth;
+                    p = optarg;
+                    w = strtol(p, (char **)&p, 10);
+                    if (w <= 0) {
+                    graphic_error:
+                        error_report("invalid resolution or depth");
+                        exit(1);
+                    }
+                    if (*p != 'x')
+                        goto graphic_error;
+                    p++;
+                    h = strtol(p, (char **)&p, 10);
+                    if (h <= 0)
+                        goto graphic_error;
+                    if (*p == 'x') {
+                        p++;
+                        depth = strtol(p, (char **)&p, 10);
+                        if (depth != 1 && depth != 2 && depth != 4 &&
+                            depth != 8 && depth != 15 && depth != 16 &&
+                            depth != 24 && depth != 32)
+                            goto graphic_error;
+                    } else if (*p == '\0') {
+                        depth = graphic_depth;
+                    } else {
+                        goto graphic_error;
+                    }
+
+                    graphic_width = w;
+                    graphic_height = h;
+                    graphic_depth = depth;
+                }
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_echr:
+                {
+                    char *r;
+                    term_escape_char = strtol(optarg, &r, 0);
+                    if (r == optarg)
+                        printf("Bad argument to echr\n");
+                    break;
+                }
+            case QEMU_OPTION_monitor:
+                default_monitor = 0;
+                if (strncmp(optarg, "none", 4)) {
+                    monitor_parse(optarg, "readline", false);
+                }
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_qmp:
+                monitor_parse(optarg, "control", false);
+                default_monitor = 0;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_qmp_pretty:
+                monitor_parse(optarg, "control", true);
+                default_monitor = 0;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_mon:
+                opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("mon"), optarg,
+                                               true);
+                if (!opts) {
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                default_monitor = 0;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_chardev:
+                opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("chardev"),
+                                               optarg, true);
+                if (!opts) {
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_fsdev:
+                olist = qemu_find_opts("fsdev");
+                if (!olist) {
+                    error_report("fsdev support is disabled");
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(olist, optarg, true);
+                if (!opts) {
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_virtfs: {
+                QemuOpts *fsdev;
+                QemuOpts *device;
+                const char *writeout, *sock_fd, *socket, *path, *security_model,
+                           *multidevs;
+
+                olist = qemu_find_opts("virtfs");
+                if (!olist) {
+                    error_report("virtfs support is disabled");
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(olist, optarg, true);
+                if (!opts) {
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+
+                if (qemu_opt_get(opts, "fsdriver") == NULL ||
+                    qemu_opt_get(opts, "mount_tag") == NULL) {
+                    error_report("Usage: -virtfs fsdriver,mount_tag=tag");
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                fsdev = qemu_opts_create(qemu_find_opts("fsdev"),
+                                         qemu_opts_id(opts) ?:
+                                         qemu_opt_get(opts, "mount_tag"),
+                                         1, NULL);
+                if (!fsdev) {
+                    error_report("duplicate or invalid fsdev id: %s",
+                                 qemu_opt_get(opts, "mount_tag"));
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+
+                writeout = qemu_opt_get(opts, "writeout");
+                if (writeout) {
+#ifdef CONFIG_SYNC_FILE_RANGE
+                    qemu_opt_set(fsdev, "writeout", writeout, &error_abort);
+#else
+                    error_report("writeout=immediate not supported "
+                                 "on this platform");
+                    exit(1);
+#endif
+                }
+                qemu_opt_set(fsdev, "fsdriver",
+                             qemu_opt_get(opts, "fsdriver"), &error_abort);
+                path = qemu_opt_get(opts, "path");
+                if (path) {
+                    qemu_opt_set(fsdev, "path", path, &error_abort);
+                }
+                security_model = qemu_opt_get(opts, "security_model");
+                if (security_model) {
+                    qemu_opt_set(fsdev, "security_model", security_model,
+                                 &error_abort);
+                }
+                socket = qemu_opt_get(opts, "socket");
+                if (socket) {
+                    qemu_opt_set(fsdev, "socket", socket, &error_abort);
+                }
+                sock_fd = qemu_opt_get(opts, "sock_fd");
+                if (sock_fd) {
+                    qemu_opt_set(fsdev, "sock_fd", sock_fd, &error_abort);
+                }
+
+                qemu_opt_set_bool(fsdev, "readonly",
+                                  qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "readonly", 0),
+                                  &error_abort);
+                multidevs = qemu_opt_get(opts, "multidevs");
+                if (multidevs) {
+                    qemu_opt_set(fsdev, "multidevs", multidevs, &error_abort);
+                }
+                device = qemu_opts_create(qemu_find_opts("device"), NULL, 0,
+                                          &error_abort);
+                qemu_opt_set(device, "driver", "virtio-9p-pci", &error_abort);
+                qemu_opt_set(device, "fsdev",
+                             qemu_opts_id(fsdev), &error_abort);
+                qemu_opt_set(device, "mount_tag",
+                             qemu_opt_get(opts, "mount_tag"), &error_abort);
+                break;
+            }
+            case QEMU_OPTION_serial:
+                add_device_config(DEV_SERIAL, optarg);
+                default_serial = 0;
+                if (strncmp(optarg, "mon:", 4) == 0) {
+                    default_monitor = 0;
+                }
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_action:
+                olist = qemu_find_opts("action");
+                if (!qemu_opts_parse_noisily(olist, optarg, false)) {
+                     exit(1);
+                }
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_watchdog_action: {
+                opts = qemu_opts_create(qemu_find_opts("action"), NULL, 0, &error_abort);
+                qemu_opt_set(opts, "watchdog", optarg, &error_abort);
+                break;
+            }
+            case QEMU_OPTION_parallel:
+                add_device_config(DEV_PARALLEL, optarg);
+                default_parallel = 0;
+                if (strncmp(optarg, "mon:", 4) == 0) {
+                    default_monitor = 0;
+                }
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_debugcon:
+                add_device_config(DEV_DEBUGCON, optarg);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_loadvm:
+                loadvm = optarg;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_full_screen:
+                dpy.has_full_screen = true;
+                dpy.full_screen = true;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_pidfile:
+                pid_file = optarg;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_win2k_hack:
+                win2k_install_hack = 1;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_acpitable:
+                opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("acpi"),
+                                               optarg, true);
+                if (!opts) {
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                acpi_table_add(opts, &error_fatal);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_smbios:
+                opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("smbios"),
+                                               optarg, false);
+                if (!opts) {
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                smbios_entry_add(opts, &error_fatal);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_fwcfg:
+                opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("fw_cfg"),
+                                               optarg, true);
+                if (opts == NULL) {
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_preconfig:
+                preconfig_requested = true;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_enable_kvm:
+                qdict_put_str(machine_opts_dict, "accel", "kvm");
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_M:
+            case QEMU_OPTION_machine:
+                {
+                    bool help;
+
+                    keyval_parse_into(machine_opts_dict, optarg, "type", &help, &error_fatal);
+                    if (help) {
+                        machine_help_func(machine_opts_dict);
+                        exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
+                    }
+                    break;
+                }
+            case QEMU_OPTION_accel:
+                accel_opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("accel"),
+                                                     optarg, true);
+                optarg = qemu_opt_get(accel_opts, "accel");
+                if (!optarg || is_help_option(optarg)) {
+                    printf("Accelerators supported in QEMU binary:\n");
+                    GSList *el, *accel_list = object_class_get_list(TYPE_ACCEL,
+                                                                    false);
+                    for (el = accel_list; el; el = el->next) {
+                        gchar *typename = g_strdup(object_class_get_name(
+                                                   OBJECT_CLASS(el->data)));
+                        /* omit qtest which is used for tests only */
+                        if (g_strcmp0(typename, ACCEL_CLASS_NAME("qtest")) &&
+                            g_str_has_suffix(typename, ACCEL_CLASS_SUFFIX)) {
+                            gchar **optname = g_strsplit(typename,
+                                                         ACCEL_CLASS_SUFFIX, 0);
+                            printf("%s\n", optname[0]);
+                            g_strfreev(optname);
+                        }
+                        g_free(typename);
+                    }
+                    g_slist_free(accel_list);
+                    exit(0);
+                }
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_usb:
+                qdict_put_str(machine_opts_dict, "usb", "on");
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_usbdevice:
+                qdict_put_str(machine_opts_dict, "usb", "on");
+                add_device_config(DEV_USB, optarg);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_device:
+                if (optarg[0] == '{') {
+                    QObject *obj = qobject_from_json(optarg, &error_fatal);
+                    DeviceOption *opt = g_new0(DeviceOption, 1);
+                    opt->opts = qobject_to(QDict, obj);
+                    loc_save(&opt->loc);
+                    assert(opt->opts != NULL);
+                    QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&device_opts, opt, next);
+                } else {
+                    if (!qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("device"),
+                                                 optarg, true)) {
+                        exit(1);
+                    }
+                }
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_smp:
+                machine_parse_property_opt(qemu_find_opts("smp-opts"),
+                                           "smp", optarg);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_vnc:
+                vnc_parse(optarg);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_no_acpi:
+                warn_report("-no-acpi is deprecated, use '-machine acpi=off' instead");
+                qdict_put_str(machine_opts_dict, "acpi", "off");
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_no_hpet:
+                warn_report("-no-hpet is deprecated, use '-machine hpet=off' instead");
+                qdict_put_str(machine_opts_dict, "hpet", "off");
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_no_reboot:
+                olist = qemu_find_opts("action");
+                qemu_opts_parse_noisily(olist, "reboot=shutdown", false);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_no_shutdown:
+                olist = qemu_find_opts("action");
+                qemu_opts_parse_noisily(olist, "shutdown=pause", false);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_uuid:
+                if (qemu_uuid_parse(optarg, &qemu_uuid) < 0) {
+                    error_report("failed to parse UUID string: wrong format");
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                qemu_uuid_set = true;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_option_rom:
+                if (nb_option_roms >= MAX_OPTION_ROMS) {
+                    error_report("too many option ROMs");
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("option-rom"),
+                                               optarg, true);
+                if (!opts) {
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                option_rom[nb_option_roms].name = qemu_opt_get(opts, "romfile");
+                option_rom[nb_option_roms].bootindex =
+                    qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "bootindex", -1);
+                if (!option_rom[nb_option_roms].name) {
+                    error_report("Option ROM file is not specified");
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                nb_option_roms++;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_semihosting:
+                qemu_semihosting_enable();
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_semihosting_config:
+                if (qemu_semihosting_config_options(optarg) != 0) {
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_name:
+                opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("name"),
+                                               optarg, true);
+                if (!opts) {
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                /* Capture guest name if -msg guest-name is used later */
+                error_guest_name = qemu_opt_get(opts, "guest");
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_prom_env:
+                if (nb_prom_envs >= MAX_PROM_ENVS) {
+                    error_report("too many prom variables");
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                prom_envs[nb_prom_envs] = optarg;
+                nb_prom_envs++;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_old_param:
+                old_param = 1;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_rtc:
+                opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("rtc"), optarg,
+                                               false);
+                if (!opts) {
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_icount:
+                icount_opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("icount"),
+                                                      optarg, true);
+                if (!icount_opts) {
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_incoming:
+                if (!incoming) {
+                    runstate_set(RUN_STATE_INMIGRATE);
+                }
+                incoming = optarg;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_only_migratable:
+                only_migratable = 1;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_nodefaults:
+                has_defaults = 0;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_xen_domid:
+                if (!(accel_find("xen")) && !(accel_find("kvm"))) {
+                    error_report("Option not supported for this target");
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                xen_domid = atoi(optarg);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_xen_attach:
+                if (!(accel_find("xen"))) {
+                    error_report("Option not supported for this target");
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                xen_mode = XEN_ATTACH;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_xen_domid_restrict:
+                if (!(accel_find("xen"))) {
+                    error_report("Option not supported for this target");
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                xen_domid_restrict = true;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_trace:
+                trace_opt_parse(optarg);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_plugin:
+                qemu_plugin_opt_parse(optarg, &plugin_list);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_readconfig:
+                qemu_read_config_file(optarg, qemu_parse_config_group, &error_fatal);
+                break;
+#ifdef CONFIG_SPICE
+            case QEMU_OPTION_spice:
+                olist = qemu_find_opts_err("spice", NULL);
+                if (!olist) {
+                    error_report("spice support is disabled");
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(olist, optarg, false);
+                if (!opts) {
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                display_remote++;
+                break;
+#endif
+            case QEMU_OPTION_qtest:
+                qtest_chrdev = optarg;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_qtest_log:
+                qtest_log = optarg;
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_sandbox:
+                olist = qemu_find_opts("sandbox");
+                if (!olist) {
+#ifndef CONFIG_SECCOMP
+                    error_report("-sandbox support is not enabled "
+                                 "in this QEMU binary");
+#endif
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+
+                opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(olist, optarg, true);
+                if (!opts) {
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_add_fd:
+#ifndef _WIN32
+                opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("add-fd"),
+                                               optarg, false);
+                if (!opts) {
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+#else
+                error_report("File descriptor passing is disabled on this "
+                             "platform");
+                exit(1);
+#endif
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_object:
+                object_option_parse(optarg);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_overcommit:
+                opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("overcommit"),
+                                               optarg, false);
+                if (!opts) {
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                enable_mlock = qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "mem-lock", false);
+                enable_cpu_pm = qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "cpu-pm", false);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_compat:
+                {
+                    CompatPolicy *opts_policy;
+                    Visitor *v;
+
+                    v = qobject_input_visitor_new_str(optarg, NULL,
+                                                      &error_fatal);
+
+                    visit_type_CompatPolicy(v, NULL, &opts_policy, &error_fatal);
+                    QAPI_CLONE_MEMBERS(CompatPolicy, &compat_policy, opts_policy);
+
+                    qapi_free_CompatPolicy(opts_policy);
+                    visit_free(v);
+                    break;
+                }
+            case QEMU_OPTION_msg:
+                opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("msg"), optarg,
+                                               false);
+                if (!opts) {
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                configure_msg(opts);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_dump_vmstate:
+                if (vmstate_dump_file) {
+                    error_report("only one '-dump-vmstate' "
+                                 "option may be given");
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                vmstate_dump_file = fopen(optarg, "w");
+                if (vmstate_dump_file == NULL) {
+                    error_report("open %s: %s", optarg, strerror(errno));
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_enable_sync_profile:
+                qsp_enable();
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_nouserconfig:
+                /* Nothing to be parsed here. Especially, do not error out below. */
+                break;
+#if defined(CONFIG_POSIX)
+            case QEMU_OPTION_runas:
+                if (!os_set_runas(optarg)) {
+                    error_report("User \"%s\" doesn't exist"
+                                 " (and is not <uid>:<gid>)",
+                                 optarg);
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_chroot:
+                warn_report("option is deprecated,"
+                            " use '-run-with chroot=...' instead");
+                os_set_chroot(optarg);
+                break;
+            case QEMU_OPTION_daemonize:
+                os_set_daemonize(true);
+                break;
+#if defined(CONFIG_LINUX)
+            /* deprecated */
+            case QEMU_OPTION_asyncteardown:
+                init_async_teardown();
+                break;
+#endif
+            case QEMU_OPTION_run_with: {
+                const char *str;
+                opts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("run-with"),
+                                                         optarg, false);
+                if (!opts) {
+                    exit(1);
+                }
+#if defined(CONFIG_LINUX)
+                if (qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "async-teardown", false)) {
+                    init_async_teardown();
+                }
+#endif
+                str = qemu_opt_get(opts, "chroot");
+                if (str) {
+                    os_set_chroot(str);
+                }
+                break;
+            }
+#endif /* CONFIG_POSIX */
+
+            default:
+                error_report("Option not supported in this build");
+                exit(1);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    /*
+     * Clear error location left behind by the loop.
+     * Best done right after the loop.  Do not insert code here!
+     */
+    loc_set_none();
+
+    qemu_validate_options(machine_opts_dict);
+    qemu_process_sugar_options();
+
+    /*
+     * These options affect everything else and should be processed
+     * before daemonizing.
+     */
+    qemu_process_early_options();
+
+    qemu_process_help_options();
+    qemu_maybe_daemonize(pid_file);
+
+    /*
+     * The trace backend must be initialized after daemonizing.
+     * trace_init_backends() will call st_init(), which will create the
+     * trace thread in the parent, and also register st_flush_trace_buffer()
+     * in atexit(). This function will force the parent to wait for the
+     * writeout thread to finish, which will not occur, and the parent
+     * process will be left in the host.
+     */
+    if (!trace_init_backends()) {
+        exit(1);
+    }
+    trace_init_file();
+
+    qemu_init_main_loop(&error_fatal);
+    cpu_timers_init();
+
+    user_register_global_props();
+    replay_configure(icount_opts);
+
+    configure_rtc(qemu_find_opts_singleton("rtc"));
+
+    /* Transfer QemuOpts options into machine options */
+    parse_memory_options();
+
+    qemu_create_machine(machine_opts_dict);
+
+    suspend_mux_open();
+
+    qemu_disable_default_devices();
+    qemu_create_default_devices();
+    qemu_create_early_backends();
+
+    qemu_apply_legacy_machine_options(machine_opts_dict);
+    qemu_apply_machine_options(machine_opts_dict);
+    qobject_unref(machine_opts_dict);
+    phase_advance(PHASE_MACHINE_CREATED);
+
+    /*
+     * Note: uses machine properties such as kernel-irqchip, must run
+     * after qemu_apply_machine_options.
+     */
+    configure_accelerators(argv[0]);
+    phase_advance(PHASE_ACCEL_CREATED);
+
+    /*
+     * Beware, QOM objects created before this point miss global and
+     * compat properties.
+     *
+     * Global properties get set up by qdev_prop_register_global(),
+     * called from user_register_global_props(), and certain option
+     * desugaring.  Also in CPU feature desugaring (buried in
+     * parse_cpu_option()), which happens below this point, but may
+     * only target the CPU type, which can only be created after
+     * parse_cpu_option() returned the type.
+     *
+     * Machine compat properties: object_set_machine_compat_props().
+     * Accelerator compat props: object_set_accelerator_compat_props(),
+     * called from do_configure_accelerator().
+     */
+
+    machine_class = MACHINE_GET_CLASS(current_machine);
+    if (!qtest_enabled() && machine_class->deprecation_reason) {
+        warn_report("Machine type '%s' is deprecated: %s",
+                     machine_class->name, machine_class->deprecation_reason);
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Create backends before creating migration objects, so that it can
+     * check against compatibilities on the backend memories (e.g. postcopy
+     * over memory-backend-file objects).
+     */
+    qemu_create_late_backends();
+
+    /*
+     * Note: creates a QOM object, must run only after global and
+     * compat properties have been set up.
+     */
+    migration_object_init();
+
+    /* parse features once if machine provides default cpu_type */
+    current_machine->cpu_type = machine_class->default_cpu_type;
+    if (cpu_option) {
+        current_machine->cpu_type = parse_cpu_option(cpu_option);
+    }
+    /* NB: for machine none cpu_type could STILL be NULL here! */
+
+    qemu_resolve_machine_memdev();
+    parse_numa_opts(current_machine);
+
+    if (vmstate_dump_file) {
+        /* dump and exit */
+        module_load_qom_all();
+        dump_vmstate_json_to_file(vmstate_dump_file);
+        exit(0);
+    }
+
+    if (!preconfig_requested) {
+        qmp_x_exit_preconfig(&error_fatal);
+    }
+    qemu_init_displays();
+    accel_setup_post(current_machine);
+    os_setup_post();
+    resume_mux_open();
+}