// Copyright (c) 2009-2010 Satoshi Nakamoto // Copyright (c) 2009-2022 The Bitcoin Core developers // Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying // file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php. #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #ifdef WIN32 #include /* for codecvt_utf8_utf16 */ #include /* for CommandLineToArgvW */ #include /* for CSIDL_APPDATA */ #endif #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include const char * const BITCOIN_CONF_FILENAME = "bitcoin.conf"; const char * const BITCOIN_SETTINGS_FILENAME = "settings.json"; ArgsManager gArgs; /** * Interpret a string argument as a boolean. * * The definition of LocaleIndependentAtoi() requires that non-numeric string values * like "foo", return 0. This means that if a user unintentionally supplies a * non-integer argument here, the return value is always false. This means that * -foo=false does what the user probably expects, but -foo=true is well defined * but does not do what they probably expected. * * The return value of LocaleIndependentAtoi(...) is zero when given input not * representable as an int. * * For a more extensive discussion of this topic (and a wide range of opinions * on the Right Way to change this code), see PR12713. */ static bool InterpretBool(const std::string& strValue) { if (strValue.empty()) return true; return (LocaleIndependentAtoi(strValue) != 0); } static std::string SettingName(const std::string& arg) { return arg.size() > 0 && arg[0] == '-' ? arg.substr(1) : arg; } /** * Parse "name", "section.name", "noname", "section.noname" settings keys. * * @note Where an option was negated can be later checked using the * IsArgNegated() method. One use case for this is to have a way to disable * options that are not normally boolean (e.g. using -nodebuglogfile to request * that debug log output is not sent to any file at all). */ KeyInfo InterpretKey(std::string key) { KeyInfo result; // Split section name from key name for keys like "testnet.foo" or "regtest.bar" size_t option_index = key.find('.'); if (option_index != std::string::npos) { result.section = key.substr(0, option_index); key.erase(0, option_index + 1); } if (key.substr(0, 2) == "no") { key.erase(0, 2); result.negated = true; } result.name = key; return result; } /** * Interpret settings value based on registered flags. * * @param[in] key key information to know if key was negated * @param[in] value string value of setting to be parsed * @param[in] flags ArgsManager registered argument flags * @param[out] error Error description if settings value is not valid * * @return parsed settings value if it is valid, otherwise nullopt accompanied * by a descriptive error string */ std::optional InterpretValue(const KeyInfo& key, const std::string* value, unsigned int flags, std::string& error) { // Return negated settings as false values. if (key.negated) { if (flags & ArgsManager::DISALLOW_NEGATION) { error = strprintf("Negating of -%s is meaningless and therefore forbidden", key.name); return std::nullopt; } // Double negatives like -nofoo=0 are supported (but discouraged) if (value && !InterpretBool(*value)) { LogPrintf("Warning: parsed potentially confusing double-negative -%s=%s\n", key.name, *value); return true; } return false; } if (!value && (flags & ArgsManager::DISALLOW_ELISION)) { error = strprintf("Can not set -%s with no value. Please specify value with -%s=value.", key.name, key.name); return std::nullopt; } return value ? *value : ""; } // Define default constructor and destructor that are not inline, so code instantiating this class doesn't need to // #include class definitions for all members. // For example, m_settings has an internal dependency on univalue. ArgsManager::ArgsManager() = default; ArgsManager::~ArgsManager() = default; std::set ArgsManager::GetUnsuitableSectionOnlyArgs() const { std::set unsuitables; LOCK(cs_args); // if there's no section selected, don't worry if (m_network.empty()) return std::set {}; // if it's okay to use the default section for this network, don't worry if (m_network == ChainTypeToString(ChainType::MAIN)) return std::set {}; for (const auto& arg : m_network_only_args) { if (OnlyHasDefaultSectionSetting(m_settings, m_network, SettingName(arg))) { unsuitables.insert(arg); } } return unsuitables; } std::list ArgsManager::GetUnrecognizedSections() const { // Section names to be recognized in the config file. static const std::set available_sections{ ChainTypeToString(ChainType::REGTEST), ChainTypeToString(ChainType::SIGNET), ChainTypeToString(ChainType::TESTNET), ChainTypeToString(ChainType::MAIN), }; LOCK(cs_args); std::list unrecognized = m_config_sections; unrecognized.remove_if([](const SectionInfo& appeared){ return available_sections.find(appeared.m_name) != available_sections.end(); }); return unrecognized; } void ArgsManager::SelectConfigNetwork(const std::string& network) { LOCK(cs_args); m_network = network; } bool ArgsManager::ParseParameters(int argc, const char* const argv[], std::string& error) { LOCK(cs_args); m_settings.command_line_options.clear(); for (int i = 1; i < argc; i++) { std::string key(argv[i]); #ifdef MAC_OSX // At the first time when a user gets the "App downloaded from the // internet" warning, and clicks the Open button, macOS passes // a unique process serial number (PSN) as -psn_... command-line // argument, which we filter out. if (key.substr(0, 5) == "-psn_") continue; #endif if (key == "-") break; //bitcoin-tx using stdin std::optional val; size_t is_index = key.find('='); if (is_index != std::string::npos) { val = key.substr(is_index + 1); key.erase(is_index); } #ifdef WIN32 key = ToLower(key); if (key[0] == '/') key[0] = '-'; #endif if (key[0] != '-') { if (!m_accept_any_command && m_command.empty()) { // The first non-dash arg is a registered command std::optional flags = GetArgFlags(key); if (!flags || !(*flags & ArgsManager::COMMAND)) { error = strprintf("Invalid command '%s'", argv[i]); return false; } } m_command.push_back(key); while (++i < argc) { // The remaining args are command args m_command.push_back(argv[i]); } break; } // Transform --foo to -foo if (key.length() > 1 && key[1] == '-') key.erase(0, 1); // Transform -foo to foo key.erase(0, 1); KeyInfo keyinfo = InterpretKey(key); std::optional flags = GetArgFlags('-' + keyinfo.name); // Unknown command line options and command line options with dot // characters (which are returned from InterpretKey with nonempty // section strings) are not valid. if (!flags || !keyinfo.section.empty()) { error = strprintf("Invalid parameter %s", argv[i]); return false; } std::optional value = InterpretValue(keyinfo, val ? &*val : nullptr, *flags, error); if (!value) return false; m_settings.command_line_options[keyinfo.name].push_back(*value); } // we do not allow -includeconf from command line, only -noincludeconf if (auto* includes = common::FindKey(m_settings.command_line_options, "includeconf")) { const common::SettingsSpan values{*includes}; // Range may be empty if -noincludeconf was passed if (!values.empty()) { error = "-includeconf cannot be used from commandline; -includeconf=" + values.begin()->write(); return false; // pick first value as example } } return true; } std::optional ArgsManager::GetArgFlags(const std::string& name) const { LOCK(cs_args); for (const auto& arg_map : m_available_args) { const auto search = arg_map.second.find(name); if (search != arg_map.second.end()) { return search->second.m_flags; } } return std::nullopt; } fs::path ArgsManager::GetPathArg(std::string arg, const fs::path& default_value) const { if (IsArgNegated(arg)) return fs::path{}; std::string path_str = GetArg(arg, ""); if (path_str.empty()) return default_value; fs::path result = fs::PathFromString(path_str).lexically_normal(); // Remove trailing slash, if present. return result.has_filename() ? result : result.parent_path(); } const fs::path& ArgsManager::GetBlocksDirPath() const { LOCK(cs_args); fs::path& path = m_cached_blocks_path; // Cache the path to avoid calling fs::create_directories on every call of // this function if (!path.empty()) return path; if (IsArgSet("-blocksdir")) { path = fs::absolute(GetPathArg("-blocksdir")); if (!fs::is_directory(path)) { path = ""; return path; } } else { path = GetDataDirBase(); } path /= fs::PathFromString(BaseParams().DataDir()); path /= "blocks"; fs::create_directories(path); return path; } const fs::path& ArgsManager::GetDataDir(bool net_specific) const { LOCK(cs_args); fs::path& path = net_specific ? m_cached_network_datadir_path : m_cached_datadir_path; // Used cached path if available if (!path.empty()) return path; const fs::path datadir{GetPathArg("-datadir")}; if (!datadir.empty()) { path = fs::absolute(datadir); if (!fs::is_directory(path)) { path = ""; return path; } } else { path = GetDefaultDataDir(); } if (net_specific && !BaseParams().DataDir().empty()) { path /= fs::PathFromString(BaseParams().DataDir()); } return path; } void ArgsManager::ClearPathCache() { LOCK(cs_args); m_cached_datadir_path = fs::path(); m_cached_network_datadir_path = fs::path(); m_cached_blocks_path = fs::path(); } std::optional ArgsManager::GetCommand() const { Command ret; LOCK(cs_args); auto it = m_command.begin(); if (it == m_command.end()) { // No command was passed return std::nullopt; } if (!m_accept_any_command) { // The registered command ret.command = *(it++); } while (it != m_command.end()) { // The unregistered command and args (if any) ret.args.push_back(*(it++)); } return ret; } std::vector ArgsManager::GetArgs(const std::string& strArg) const { std::vector result; for (const common::SettingsValue& value : GetSettingsList(strArg)) { result.push_back(value.isFalse() ? "0" : value.isTrue() ? "1" : value.get_str()); } return result; } bool ArgsManager::IsArgSet(const std::string& strArg) const { return !GetSetting(strArg).isNull(); } bool ArgsManager::GetSettingsPath(fs::path* filepath, bool temp, bool backup) const { fs::path settings = GetPathArg("-settings", BITCOIN_SETTINGS_FILENAME); if (settings.empty()) { return false; } if (backup) { settings += ".bak"; } if (filepath) { *filepath = fsbridge::AbsPathJoin(GetDataDirNet(), temp ? settings + ".tmp" : settings); } return true; } static void SaveErrors(const std::vector errors, std::vector* error_out) { for (const auto& error : errors) { if (error_out) { error_out->emplace_back(error); } else { LogPrintf("%s\n", error); } } } bool ArgsManager::ReadSettingsFile(std::vector* errors) { fs::path path; if (!GetSettingsPath(&path, /* temp= */ false)) { return true; // Do nothing if settings file disabled. } LOCK(cs_args); m_settings.rw_settings.clear(); std::vector read_errors; if (!common::ReadSettings(path, m_settings.rw_settings, read_errors)) { SaveErrors(read_errors, errors); return false; } for (const auto& setting : m_settings.rw_settings) { KeyInfo key = InterpretKey(setting.first); // Split setting key into section and argname if (!GetArgFlags('-' + key.name)) { LogPrintf("Ignoring unknown rw_settings value %s\n", setting.first); } } return true; } bool ArgsManager::WriteSettingsFile(std::vector* errors, bool backup) const { fs::path path, path_tmp; if (!GetSettingsPath(&path, /*temp=*/false, backup) || !GetSettingsPath(&path_tmp, /*temp=*/true, backup)) { throw std::logic_error("Attempt to write settings file when dynamic settings are disabled."); } LOCK(cs_args); std::vector write_errors; if (!common::WriteSettings(path_tmp, m_settings.rw_settings, write_errors)) { SaveErrors(write_errors, errors); return false; } if (!RenameOver(path_tmp, path)) { SaveErrors({strprintf("Failed renaming settings file %s to %s\n", fs::PathToString(path_tmp), fs::PathToString(path))}, errors); return false; } return true; } common::SettingsValue ArgsManager::GetPersistentSetting(const std::string& name) const { LOCK(cs_args); return common::GetSetting(m_settings, m_network, name, !UseDefaultSection("-" + name), /*ignore_nonpersistent=*/true, /*get_chain_type=*/false); } bool ArgsManager::IsArgNegated(const std::string& strArg) const { return GetSetting(strArg).isFalse(); } std::string ArgsManager::GetArg(const std::string& strArg, const std::string& strDefault) const { return GetArg(strArg).value_or(strDefault); } std::optional ArgsManager::GetArg(const std::string& strArg) const { const common::SettingsValue value = GetSetting(strArg); return SettingToString(value); } std::optional SettingToString(const common::SettingsValue& value) { if (value.isNull()) return std::nullopt; if (value.isFalse()) return "0"; if (value.isTrue()) return "1"; if (value.isNum()) return value.getValStr(); return value.get_str(); } std::string SettingToString(const common::SettingsValue& value, const std::string& strDefault) { return SettingToString(value).value_or(strDefault); } int64_t ArgsManager::GetIntArg(const std::string& strArg, int64_t nDefault) const { return GetIntArg(strArg).value_or(nDefault); } std::optional ArgsManager::GetIntArg(const std::string& strArg) const { const common::SettingsValue value = GetSetting(strArg); return SettingToInt(value); } std::optional SettingToInt(const common::SettingsValue& value) { if (value.isNull()) return std::nullopt; if (value.isFalse()) return 0; if (value.isTrue()) return 1; if (value.isNum()) return value.getInt(); return LocaleIndependentAtoi(value.get_str()); } int64_t SettingToInt(const common::SettingsValue& value, int64_t nDefault) { return SettingToInt(value).value_or(nDefault); } bool ArgsManager::GetBoolArg(const std::string& strArg, bool fDefault) const { return GetBoolArg(strArg).value_or(fDefault); } std::optional ArgsManager::GetBoolArg(const std::string& strArg) const { const common::SettingsValue value = GetSetting(strArg); return SettingToBool(value); } std::optional SettingToBool(const common::SettingsValue& value) { if (value.isNull()) return std::nullopt; if (value.isBool()) return value.get_bool(); return InterpretBool(value.get_str()); } bool SettingToBool(const common::SettingsValue& value, bool fDefault) { return SettingToBool(value).value_or(fDefault); } bool ArgsManager::SoftSetArg(const std::string& strArg, const std::string& strValue) { LOCK(cs_args); if (IsArgSet(strArg)) return false; ForceSetArg(strArg, strValue); return true; } bool ArgsManager::SoftSetBoolArg(const std::string& strArg, bool fValue) { if (fValue) return SoftSetArg(strArg, std::string("1")); else return SoftSetArg(strArg, std::string("0")); } void ArgsManager::ForceSetArg(const std::string& strArg, const std::string& strValue) { LOCK(cs_args); m_settings.forced_settings[SettingName(strArg)] = strValue; } void ArgsManager::AddCommand(const std::string& cmd, const std::string& help) { Assert(cmd.find('=') == std::string::npos); Assert(cmd.at(0) != '-'); LOCK(cs_args); m_accept_any_command = false; // latch to false std::map& arg_map = m_available_args[OptionsCategory::COMMANDS]; auto ret = arg_map.emplace(cmd, Arg{"", help, ArgsManager::COMMAND}); Assert(ret.second); // Fail on duplicate commands } void ArgsManager::AddArg(const std::string& name, const std::string& help, unsigned int flags, const OptionsCategory& cat) { Assert((flags & ArgsManager::COMMAND) == 0); // use AddCommand // Split arg name from its help param size_t eq_index = name.find('='); if (eq_index == std::string::npos) { eq_index = name.size(); } std::string arg_name = name.substr(0, eq_index); LOCK(cs_args); std::map& arg_map = m_available_args[cat]; auto ret = arg_map.emplace(arg_name, Arg{name.substr(eq_index, name.size() - eq_index), help, flags}); assert(ret.second); // Make sure an insertion actually happened if (flags & ArgsManager::NETWORK_ONLY) { m_network_only_args.emplace(arg_name); } } void ArgsManager::AddHiddenArgs(const std::vector& names) { for (const std::string& name : names) { AddArg(name, "", ArgsManager::ALLOW_ANY, OptionsCategory::HIDDEN); } } std::string ArgsManager::GetHelpMessage() const { const bool show_debug = GetBoolArg("-help-debug", false); std::string usage; LOCK(cs_args); for (const auto& arg_map : m_available_args) { switch(arg_map.first) { case OptionsCategory::OPTIONS: usage += HelpMessageGroup("Options:"); break; case OptionsCategory::CONNECTION: usage += HelpMessageGroup("Connection options:"); break; case OptionsCategory::ZMQ: usage += HelpMessageGroup("ZeroMQ notification options:"); break; case OptionsCategory::DEBUG_TEST: usage += HelpMessageGroup("Debugging/Testing options:"); break; case OptionsCategory::NODE_RELAY: usage += HelpMessageGroup("Node relay options:"); break; case OptionsCategory::BLOCK_CREATION: usage += HelpMessageGroup("Block creation options:"); break; case OptionsCategory::RPC: usage += HelpMessageGroup("RPC server options:"); break; case OptionsCategory::WALLET: usage += HelpMessageGroup("Wallet options:"); break; case OptionsCategory::WALLET_DEBUG_TEST: if (show_debug) usage += HelpMessageGroup("Wallet debugging/testing options:"); break; case OptionsCategory::CHAINPARAMS: usage += HelpMessageGroup("Chain selection options:"); break; case OptionsCategory::GUI: usage += HelpMessageGroup("UI Options:"); break; case OptionsCategory::COMMANDS: usage += HelpMessageGroup("Commands:"); break; case OptionsCategory::REGISTER_COMMANDS: usage += HelpMessageGroup("Register Commands:"); break; default: break; } // When we get to the hidden options, stop if (arg_map.first == OptionsCategory::HIDDEN) break; for (const auto& arg : arg_map.second) { if (show_debug || !(arg.second.m_flags & ArgsManager::DEBUG_ONLY)) { std::string name; if (arg.second.m_help_param.empty()) { name = arg.first; } else { name = arg.first + arg.second.m_help_param; } usage += HelpMessageOpt(name, arg.second.m_help_text); } } } return usage; } bool HelpRequested(const ArgsManager& args) { return args.IsArgSet("-?") || args.IsArgSet("-h") || args.IsArgSet("-help") || args.IsArgSet("-help-debug"); } void SetupHelpOptions(ArgsManager& args) { args.AddArg("-?", "Print this help message and exit", ArgsManager::ALLOW_ANY, OptionsCategory::OPTIONS); args.AddHiddenArgs({"-h", "-help"}); } static const int screenWidth = 79; static const int optIndent = 2; static const int msgIndent = 7; std::string HelpMessageGroup(const std::string &message) { return std::string(message) + std::string("\n\n"); } std::string HelpMessageOpt(const std::string &option, const std::string &message) { return std::string(optIndent,' ') + std::string(option) + std::string("\n") + std::string(msgIndent,' ') + FormatParagraph(message, screenWidth - msgIndent, msgIndent) + std::string("\n\n"); } fs::path GetDefaultDataDir() { // Windows: C:\Users\Username\AppData\Roaming\Bitcoin // macOS: ~/Library/Application Support/Bitcoin // Unix-like: ~/.bitcoin #ifdef WIN32 // Windows return GetSpecialFolderPath(CSIDL_APPDATA) / "Bitcoin"; #else fs::path pathRet; char* pszHome = getenv("HOME"); if (pszHome == nullptr || strlen(pszHome) == 0) pathRet = fs::path("/"); else pathRet = fs::path(pszHome); #ifdef MAC_OSX // macOS return pathRet / "Library/Application Support/Bitcoin"; #else // Unix-like return pathRet / ".bitcoin"; #endif #endif } bool CheckDataDirOption(const ArgsManager& args) { const fs::path datadir{args.GetPathArg("-datadir")}; return datadir.empty() || fs::is_directory(fs::absolute(datadir)); } fs::path ArgsManager::GetConfigFilePath() const { LOCK(cs_args); return *Assert(m_config_path); } ChainType ArgsManager::GetChainType() const { std::variant arg = GetChainArg(); if (auto* parsed = std::get_if(&arg)) return *parsed; throw std::runtime_error(strprintf("Unknown chain %s.", std::get(arg))); } std::string ArgsManager::GetChainTypeString() const { auto arg = GetChainArg(); if (auto* parsed = std::get_if(&arg)) return ChainTypeToString(*parsed); return std::get(arg); } std::variant ArgsManager::GetChainArg() const { auto get_net = [&](const std::string& arg) { LOCK(cs_args); common::SettingsValue value = common::GetSetting(m_settings, /* section= */ "", SettingName(arg), /* ignore_default_section_config= */ false, /*ignore_nonpersistent=*/false, /* get_chain_type= */ true); return value.isNull() ? false : value.isBool() ? value.get_bool() : InterpretBool(value.get_str()); }; const bool fRegTest = get_net("-regtest"); const bool fSigNet = get_net("-signet"); const bool fTestNet = get_net("-testnet"); const auto chain_arg = GetArg("-chain"); if ((int)chain_arg.has_value() + (int)fRegTest + (int)fSigNet + (int)fTestNet > 1) { throw std::runtime_error("Invalid combination of -regtest, -signet, -testnet and -chain. Can use at most one."); } if (chain_arg) { if (auto parsed = ChainTypeFromString(*chain_arg)) return *parsed; // Not a known string, so return original string return *chain_arg; } if (fRegTest) return ChainType::REGTEST; if (fSigNet) return ChainType::SIGNET; if (fTestNet) return ChainType::TESTNET; return ChainType::MAIN; } bool ArgsManager::UseDefaultSection(const std::string& arg) const { return m_network == ChainTypeToString(ChainType::MAIN) || m_network_only_args.count(arg) == 0; } common::SettingsValue ArgsManager::GetSetting(const std::string& arg) const { LOCK(cs_args); return common::GetSetting( m_settings, m_network, SettingName(arg), !UseDefaultSection(arg), /*ignore_nonpersistent=*/false, /*get_chain_type=*/false); } std::vector ArgsManager::GetSettingsList(const std::string& arg) const { LOCK(cs_args); return common::GetSettingsList(m_settings, m_network, SettingName(arg), !UseDefaultSection(arg)); } void ArgsManager::logArgsPrefix( const std::string& prefix, const std::string& section, const std::map>& args) const { std::string section_str = section.empty() ? "" : "[" + section + "] "; for (const auto& arg : args) { for (const auto& value : arg.second) { std::optional flags = GetArgFlags('-' + arg.first); if (flags) { std::string value_str = (*flags & SENSITIVE) ? "****" : value.write(); LogPrintf("%s %s%s=%s\n", prefix, section_str, arg.first, value_str); } } } } void ArgsManager::LogArgs() const { LOCK(cs_args); for (const auto& section : m_settings.ro_config) { logArgsPrefix("Config file arg:", section.first, section.second); } for (const auto& setting : m_settings.rw_settings) { LogPrintf("Setting file arg: %s = %s\n", setting.first, setting.second.write()); } logArgsPrefix("Command-line arg:", "", m_settings.command_line_options); } namespace common { #ifdef WIN32 WinCmdLineArgs::WinCmdLineArgs() { wchar_t** wargv = CommandLineToArgvW(GetCommandLineW(), &argc); std::wstring_convert, wchar_t> utf8_cvt; argv = new char*[argc]; args.resize(argc); for (int i = 0; i < argc; i++) { args[i] = utf8_cvt.to_bytes(wargv[i]); argv[i] = &*args[i].begin(); } LocalFree(wargv); } WinCmdLineArgs::~WinCmdLineArgs() { delete[] argv; } std::pair WinCmdLineArgs::get() { return std::make_pair(argc, argv); } #endif } // namespace common