// Copyright (c) 2009-2010 Satoshi Nakamoto // Copyright (c) 2009-2016 The Bitcoin Core developers // Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying // file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php. #if defined(HAVE_CONFIG_H) #include "config/bitcoin-config.h" #endif #include "chainparamsbase.h" #include "clientversion.h" #include "fs.h" #include "rpc/client.h" #include "rpc/protocol.h" #include "util.h" #include "utilstrencodings.h" #include #include #include #include "support/events.h" #include static const char DEFAULT_RPCCONNECT[] = "127.0.0.1"; static const int DEFAULT_HTTP_CLIENT_TIMEOUT=900; static const bool DEFAULT_NAMED=false; static const int CONTINUE_EXECUTION=-1; std::string HelpMessageCli() { const auto defaultBaseParams = CreateBaseChainParams(CBaseChainParams::MAIN); const auto testnetBaseParams = CreateBaseChainParams(CBaseChainParams::TESTNET); std::string strUsage; strUsage += HelpMessageGroup(_("Options:")); strUsage += HelpMessageOpt("-?", _("This help message")); strUsage += HelpMessageOpt("-conf=", strprintf(_("Specify configuration file (default: %s)"), BITCOIN_CONF_FILENAME)); strUsage += HelpMessageOpt("-datadir=", _("Specify data directory")); AppendParamsHelpMessages(strUsage); strUsage += HelpMessageOpt("-named", strprintf(_("Pass named instead of positional arguments (default: %s)"), DEFAULT_NAMED)); strUsage += HelpMessageOpt("-rpcconnect=", strprintf(_("Send commands to node running on (default: %s)"), DEFAULT_RPCCONNECT)); strUsage += HelpMessageOpt("-rpcport=", strprintf(_("Connect to JSON-RPC on (default: %u or testnet: %u)"), defaultBaseParams->RPCPort(), testnetBaseParams->RPCPort())); strUsage += HelpMessageOpt("-rpcwait", _("Wait for RPC server to start")); strUsage += HelpMessageOpt("-rpcuser=", _("Username for JSON-RPC connections")); strUsage += HelpMessageOpt("-rpcpassword=", _("Password for JSON-RPC connections")); strUsage += HelpMessageOpt("-rpcclienttimeout=", strprintf(_("Timeout in seconds during HTTP requests, or 0 for no timeout. (default: %d)"), DEFAULT_HTTP_CLIENT_TIMEOUT)); strUsage += HelpMessageOpt("-stdinrpcpass", strprintf(_("Read RPC password from standard input as a single line. When combined with -stdin, the first line from standard input is used for the RPC password."))); strUsage += HelpMessageOpt("-stdin", _("Read extra arguments from standard input, one per line until EOF/Ctrl-D (recommended for sensitive information such as passphrases). When combined with -stdinrpcpass, the first line from standard input is used for the RPC password.")); strUsage += HelpMessageOpt("-rpcwallet=", _("Send RPC for non-default wallet on RPC server (argument is wallet filename in bitcoind directory, required if bitcoind/-Qt runs with multiple wallets)")); return strUsage; } ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // // Start // // // Exception thrown on connection error. This error is used to determine // when to wait if -rpcwait is given. // class CConnectionFailed : public std::runtime_error { public: explicit inline CConnectionFailed(const std::string& msg) : std::runtime_error(msg) {} }; // // This function returns either one of EXIT_ codes when it's expected to stop the process or // CONTINUE_EXECUTION when it's expected to continue further. // static int AppInitRPC(int argc, char* argv[]) { // // Parameters // gArgs.ParseParameters(argc, argv); if (argc<2 || gArgs.IsArgSet("-?") || gArgs.IsArgSet("-h") || gArgs.IsArgSet("-help") || gArgs.IsArgSet("-version")) { std::string strUsage = strprintf(_("%s RPC client version"), _(PACKAGE_NAME)) + " " + FormatFullVersion() + "\n"; if (!gArgs.IsArgSet("-version")) { strUsage += "\n" + _("Usage:") + "\n" + " bitcoin-cli [options] [params] " + strprintf(_("Send command to %s"), _(PACKAGE_NAME)) + "\n" + " bitcoin-cli [options] -named [name=value] ... " + strprintf(_("Send command to %s (with named arguments)"), _(PACKAGE_NAME)) + "\n" + " bitcoin-cli [options] help " + _("List commands") + "\n" + " bitcoin-cli [options] help " + _("Get help for a command") + "\n"; strUsage += "\n" + HelpMessageCli(); } fprintf(stdout, "%s", strUsage.c_str()); if (argc < 2) { fprintf(stderr, "Error: too few parameters\n"); return EXIT_FAILURE; } return EXIT_SUCCESS; } if (!fs::is_directory(GetDataDir(false))) { fprintf(stderr, "Error: Specified data directory \"%s\" does not exist.\n", gArgs.GetArg("-datadir", "").c_str()); return EXIT_FAILURE; } try { gArgs.ReadConfigFile(gArgs.GetArg("-conf", BITCOIN_CONF_FILENAME)); } catch (const std::exception& e) { fprintf(stderr,"Error reading configuration file: %s\n", e.what()); return EXIT_FAILURE; } // Check for -testnet or -regtest parameter (BaseParams() calls are only valid after this clause) try { SelectBaseParams(ChainNameFromCommandLine()); } catch (const std::exception& e) { fprintf(stderr, "Error: %s\n", e.what()); return EXIT_FAILURE; } if (gArgs.GetBoolArg("-rpcssl", false)) { fprintf(stderr, "Error: SSL mode for RPC (-rpcssl) is no longer supported.\n"); return EXIT_FAILURE; } return CONTINUE_EXECUTION; } /** Reply structure for request_done to fill in */ struct HTTPReply { HTTPReply(): status(0), error(-1) {} int status; int error; std::string body; }; const char *http_errorstring(int code) { switch(code) { #if LIBEVENT_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x02010300 case EVREQ_HTTP_TIMEOUT: return "timeout reached"; case EVREQ_HTTP_EOF: return "EOF reached"; case EVREQ_HTTP_INVALID_HEADER: return "error while reading header, or invalid header"; case EVREQ_HTTP_BUFFER_ERROR: return "error encountered while reading or writing"; case EVREQ_HTTP_REQUEST_CANCEL: return "request was canceled"; case EVREQ_HTTP_DATA_TOO_LONG: return "response body is larger than allowed"; #endif default: return "unknown"; } } static void http_request_done(struct evhttp_request *req, void *ctx) { HTTPReply *reply = static_cast(ctx); if (req == nullptr) { /* If req is nullptr, it means an error occurred while connecting: the * error code will have been passed to http_error_cb. */ reply->status = 0; return; } reply->status = evhttp_request_get_response_code(req); struct evbuffer *buf = evhttp_request_get_input_buffer(req); if (buf) { size_t size = evbuffer_get_length(buf); const char *data = (const char*)evbuffer_pullup(buf, size); if (data) reply->body = std::string(data, size); evbuffer_drain(buf, size); } } #if LIBEVENT_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x02010300 static void http_error_cb(enum evhttp_request_error err, void *ctx) { HTTPReply *reply = static_cast(ctx); reply->error = err; } #endif static UniValue CallRPC(const std::string& strMethod, const UniValue& params) { std::string host; // In preference order, we choose the following for the port: // 1. -rpcport // 2. port in -rpcconnect (ie following : in ipv4 or ]: in ipv6) // 3. default port for chain int port = BaseParams().RPCPort(); SplitHostPort(gArgs.GetArg("-rpcconnect", DEFAULT_RPCCONNECT), port, host); port = gArgs.GetArg("-rpcport", port); // Obtain event base raii_event_base base = obtain_event_base(); // Synchronously look up hostname raii_evhttp_connection evcon = obtain_evhttp_connection_base(base.get(), host, port); evhttp_connection_set_timeout(evcon.get(), gArgs.GetArg("-rpcclienttimeout", DEFAULT_HTTP_CLIENT_TIMEOUT)); HTTPReply response; raii_evhttp_request req = obtain_evhttp_request(http_request_done, (void*)&response); if (req == nullptr) throw std::runtime_error("create http request failed"); #if LIBEVENT_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x02010300 evhttp_request_set_error_cb(req.get(), http_error_cb); #endif // Get credentials std::string strRPCUserColonPass; if (gArgs.GetArg("-rpcpassword", "") == "") { // Try fall back to cookie-based authentication if no password is provided if (!GetAuthCookie(&strRPCUserColonPass)) { throw std::runtime_error(strprintf( _("Could not locate RPC credentials. No authentication cookie could be found, and RPC password is not set. See -rpcpassword and -stdinrpcpass. Configuration file: (%s)"), GetConfigFile(gArgs.GetArg("-conf", BITCOIN_CONF_FILENAME)).string().c_str())); } } else { strRPCUserColonPass = gArgs.GetArg("-rpcuser", "") + ":" + gArgs.GetArg("-rpcpassword", ""); } struct evkeyvalq* output_headers = evhttp_request_get_output_headers(req.get()); assert(output_headers); evhttp_add_header(output_headers, "Host", host.c_str()); evhttp_add_header(output_headers, "Connection", "close"); evhttp_add_header(output_headers, "Authorization", (std::string("Basic ") + EncodeBase64(strRPCUserColonPass)).c_str()); // Attach request data std::string strRequest = JSONRPCRequestObj(strMethod, params, 1).write() + "\n"; struct evbuffer* output_buffer = evhttp_request_get_output_buffer(req.get()); assert(output_buffer); evbuffer_add(output_buffer, strRequest.data(), strRequest.size()); // check if we should use a special wallet endpoint std::string endpoint = "/"; std::string walletName = gArgs.GetArg("-rpcwallet", ""); if (!walletName.empty()) { char *encodedURI = evhttp_uriencode(walletName.c_str(), walletName.size(), false); if (encodedURI) { endpoint = "/wallet/"+ std::string(encodedURI); free(encodedURI); } else { throw CConnectionFailed("uri-encode failed"); } } int r = evhttp_make_request(evcon.get(), req.get(), EVHTTP_REQ_POST, endpoint.c_str()); req.release(); // ownership moved to evcon in above call if (r != 0) { throw CConnectionFailed("send http request failed"); } event_base_dispatch(base.get()); if (response.status == 0) throw CConnectionFailed(strprintf("couldn't connect to server: %s (code %d)\n(make sure server is running and you are connecting to the correct RPC port)", http_errorstring(response.error), response.error)); else if (response.status == HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED) throw std::runtime_error("incorrect rpcuser or rpcpassword (authorization failed)"); else if (response.status >= 400 && response.status != HTTP_BAD_REQUEST && response.status != HTTP_NOT_FOUND && response.status != HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR) throw std::runtime_error(strprintf("server returned HTTP error %d", response.status)); else if (response.body.empty()) throw std::runtime_error("no response from server"); // Parse reply UniValue valReply(UniValue::VSTR); if (!valReply.read(response.body)) throw std::runtime_error("couldn't parse reply from server"); const UniValue& reply = valReply.get_obj(); if (reply.empty()) throw std::runtime_error("expected reply to have result, error and id properties"); return reply; } int CommandLineRPC(int argc, char *argv[]) { std::string strPrint; int nRet = 0; try { // Skip switches while (argc > 1 && IsSwitchChar(argv[1][0])) { argc--; argv++; } std::string rpcPass; if (gArgs.GetBoolArg("-stdinrpcpass", false)) { if(!std::getline(std::cin,rpcPass)) throw std::runtime_error("-stdinrpcpass specified but failed to read from standard input"); gArgs.ForceSetArg("-rpcpassword", rpcPass); } std::vector args = std::vector(&argv[1], &argv[argc]); if (gArgs.GetBoolArg("-stdin", false)) { // Read one arg per line from stdin and append std::string line; while (std::getline(std::cin,line)) args.push_back(line); } if (args.size() < 1) throw std::runtime_error("too few parameters (need at least command)"); std::string strMethod = args[0]; args.erase(args.begin()); // Remove trailing method name from arguments vector UniValue params; if(gArgs.GetBoolArg("-named", DEFAULT_NAMED)) { params = RPCConvertNamedValues(strMethod, args); } else { params = RPCConvertValues(strMethod, args); } // Execute and handle connection failures with -rpcwait const bool fWait = gArgs.GetBoolArg("-rpcwait", false); do { try { const UniValue reply = CallRPC(strMethod, params); // Parse reply const UniValue& result = find_value(reply, "result"); const UniValue& error = find_value(reply, "error"); if (!error.isNull()) { // Error int code = error["code"].get_int(); if (fWait && code == RPC_IN_WARMUP) throw CConnectionFailed("server in warmup"); strPrint = "error: " + error.write(); nRet = abs(code); if (error.isObject()) { UniValue errCode = find_value(error, "code"); UniValue errMsg = find_value(error, "message"); strPrint = errCode.isNull() ? "" : "error code: "+errCode.getValStr()+"\n"; if (errMsg.isStr()) strPrint += "error message:\n"+errMsg.get_str(); if (errCode.isNum() && errCode.get_int() == RPC_WALLET_NOT_SPECIFIED) { strPrint += "\nTry adding \"-rpcwallet=\" option to bitcoin-cli command line."; } } } else { // Result if (result.isNull()) strPrint = ""; else if (result.isStr()) strPrint = result.get_str(); else strPrint = result.write(2); } // Connection succeeded, no need to retry. break; } catch (const CConnectionFailed&) { if (fWait) MilliSleep(1000); else throw; } } while (fWait); } catch (const boost::thread_interrupted&) { throw; } catch (const std::exception& e) { strPrint = std::string("error: ") + e.what(); nRet = EXIT_FAILURE; } catch (...) { PrintExceptionContinue(nullptr, "CommandLineRPC()"); throw; } if (strPrint != "") { fprintf((nRet == 0 ? stdout : stderr), "%s\n", strPrint.c_str()); } return nRet; } int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { SetupEnvironment(); if (!SetupNetworking()) { fprintf(stderr, "Error: Initializing networking failed\n"); return EXIT_FAILURE; } try { int ret = AppInitRPC(argc, argv); if (ret != CONTINUE_EXECUTION) return ret; } catch (const std::exception& e) { PrintExceptionContinue(&e, "AppInitRPC()"); return EXIT_FAILURE; } catch (...) { PrintExceptionContinue(nullptr, "AppInitRPC()"); return EXIT_FAILURE; } int ret = EXIT_FAILURE; try { ret = CommandLineRPC(argc, argv); } catch (const std::exception& e) { PrintExceptionContinue(&e, "CommandLineRPC()"); } catch (...) { PrintExceptionContinue(nullptr, "CommandLineRPC()"); } return ret; }