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-rw-r--r--src/node/eviction.cpp240
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diff --git a/src/node/eviction.cpp b/src/node/eviction.cpp
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+// Copyright (c) 2022 The Bitcoin Core developers
+// Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
+// file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
+
+#include <node/eviction.h>
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <array>
+#include <chrono>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <functional>
+#include <map>
+#include <vector>
+
+
+static bool ReverseCompareNodeMinPingTime(const NodeEvictionCandidate &a, const NodeEvictionCandidate &b)
+{
+ return a.m_min_ping_time > b.m_min_ping_time;
+}
+
+static bool ReverseCompareNodeTimeConnected(const NodeEvictionCandidate &a, const NodeEvictionCandidate &b)
+{
+ return a.m_connected > b.m_connected;
+}
+
+static bool CompareNetGroupKeyed(const NodeEvictionCandidate &a, const NodeEvictionCandidate &b) {
+ return a.nKeyedNetGroup < b.nKeyedNetGroup;
+}
+
+static bool CompareNodeBlockTime(const NodeEvictionCandidate &a, const NodeEvictionCandidate &b)
+{
+ // There is a fall-through here because it is common for a node to have many peers which have not yet relayed a block.
+ if (a.m_last_block_time != b.m_last_block_time) return a.m_last_block_time < b.m_last_block_time;
+ if (a.fRelevantServices != b.fRelevantServices) return b.fRelevantServices;
+ return a.m_connected > b.m_connected;
+}
+
+static bool CompareNodeTXTime(const NodeEvictionCandidate &a, const NodeEvictionCandidate &b)
+{
+ // There is a fall-through here because it is common for a node to have more than a few peers that have not yet relayed txn.
+ if (a.m_last_tx_time != b.m_last_tx_time) return a.m_last_tx_time < b.m_last_tx_time;
+ if (a.m_relay_txs != b.m_relay_txs) return b.m_relay_txs;
+ if (a.fBloomFilter != b.fBloomFilter) return a.fBloomFilter;
+ return a.m_connected > b.m_connected;
+}
+
+// Pick out the potential block-relay only peers, and sort them by last block time.
+static bool CompareNodeBlockRelayOnlyTime(const NodeEvictionCandidate &a, const NodeEvictionCandidate &b)
+{
+ if (a.m_relay_txs != b.m_relay_txs) return a.m_relay_txs;
+ if (a.m_last_block_time != b.m_last_block_time) return a.m_last_block_time < b.m_last_block_time;
+ if (a.fRelevantServices != b.fRelevantServices) return b.fRelevantServices;
+ return a.m_connected > b.m_connected;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Sort eviction candidates by network/localhost and connection uptime.
+ * Candidates near the beginning are more likely to be evicted, and those
+ * near the end are more likely to be protected, e.g. less likely to be evicted.
+ * - First, nodes that are not `is_local` and that do not belong to `network`,
+ * sorted by increasing uptime (from most recently connected to connected longer).
+ * - Then, nodes that are `is_local` or belong to `network`, sorted by increasing uptime.
+ */
+struct CompareNodeNetworkTime {
+ const bool m_is_local;
+ const Network m_network;
+ CompareNodeNetworkTime(bool is_local, Network network) : m_is_local(is_local), m_network(network) {}
+ bool operator()(const NodeEvictionCandidate& a, const NodeEvictionCandidate& b) const
+ {
+ if (m_is_local && a.m_is_local != b.m_is_local) return b.m_is_local;
+ if ((a.m_network == m_network) != (b.m_network == m_network)) return b.m_network == m_network;
+ return a.m_connected > b.m_connected;
+ };
+};
+
+//! Sort an array by the specified comparator, then erase the last K elements where predicate is true.
+template <typename T, typename Comparator>
+static void EraseLastKElements(
+ std::vector<T>& elements, Comparator comparator, size_t k,
+ std::function<bool(const NodeEvictionCandidate&)> predicate = [](const NodeEvictionCandidate& n) { return true; })
+{
+ std::sort(elements.begin(), elements.end(), comparator);
+ size_t eraseSize = std::min(k, elements.size());
+ elements.erase(std::remove_if(elements.end() - eraseSize, elements.end(), predicate), elements.end());
+}
+
+void ProtectNoBanConnections(std::vector<NodeEvictionCandidate>& eviction_candidates)
+{
+ eviction_candidates.erase(std::remove_if(eviction_candidates.begin(), eviction_candidates.end(),
+ [](NodeEvictionCandidate const& n) {
+ return n.m_noban;
+ }),
+ eviction_candidates.end());
+}
+
+void ProtectOutboundConnections(std::vector<NodeEvictionCandidate>& eviction_candidates)
+{
+ eviction_candidates.erase(std::remove_if(eviction_candidates.begin(), eviction_candidates.end(),
+ [](NodeEvictionCandidate const& n) {
+ return n.m_conn_type != ConnectionType::INBOUND;
+ }),
+ eviction_candidates.end());
+}
+
+void ProtectEvictionCandidatesByRatio(std::vector<NodeEvictionCandidate>& eviction_candidates)
+{
+ // Protect the half of the remaining nodes which have been connected the longest.
+ // This replicates the non-eviction implicit behavior, and precludes attacks that start later.
+ // To favorise the diversity of our peer connections, reserve up to half of these protected
+ // spots for Tor/onion, localhost, I2P, and CJDNS peers, even if they're not longest uptime
+ // overall. This helps protect these higher-latency peers that tend to be otherwise
+ // disadvantaged under our eviction criteria.
+ const size_t initial_size = eviction_candidates.size();
+ const size_t total_protect_size{initial_size / 2};
+
+ // Disadvantaged networks to protect. In the case of equal counts, earlier array members
+ // have the first opportunity to recover unused slots from the previous iteration.
+ struct Net { bool is_local; Network id; size_t count; };
+ std::array<Net, 4> networks{
+ {{false, NET_CJDNS, 0}, {false, NET_I2P, 0}, {/*localhost=*/true, NET_MAX, 0}, {false, NET_ONION, 0}}};
+
+ // Count and store the number of eviction candidates per network.
+ for (Net& n : networks) {
+ n.count = std::count_if(eviction_candidates.cbegin(), eviction_candidates.cend(),
+ [&n](const NodeEvictionCandidate& c) {
+ return n.is_local ? c.m_is_local : c.m_network == n.id;
+ });
+ }
+ // Sort `networks` by ascending candidate count, to give networks having fewer candidates
+ // the first opportunity to recover unused protected slots from the previous iteration.
+ std::stable_sort(networks.begin(), networks.end(), [](Net a, Net b) { return a.count < b.count; });
+
+ // Protect up to 25% of the eviction candidates by disadvantaged network.
+ const size_t max_protect_by_network{total_protect_size / 2};
+ size_t num_protected{0};
+
+ while (num_protected < max_protect_by_network) {
+ // Count the number of disadvantaged networks from which we have peers to protect.
+ auto num_networks = std::count_if(networks.begin(), networks.end(), [](const Net& n) { return n.count; });
+ if (num_networks == 0) {
+ break;
+ }
+ const size_t disadvantaged_to_protect{max_protect_by_network - num_protected};
+ const size_t protect_per_network{std::max(disadvantaged_to_protect / num_networks, static_cast<size_t>(1))};
+ // Early exit flag if there are no remaining candidates by disadvantaged network.
+ bool protected_at_least_one{false};
+
+ for (Net& n : networks) {
+ if (n.count == 0) continue;
+ const size_t before = eviction_candidates.size();
+ EraseLastKElements(eviction_candidates, CompareNodeNetworkTime(n.is_local, n.id),
+ protect_per_network, [&n](const NodeEvictionCandidate& c) {
+ return n.is_local ? c.m_is_local : c.m_network == n.id;
+ });
+ const size_t after = eviction_candidates.size();
+ if (before > after) {
+ protected_at_least_one = true;
+ const size_t delta{before - after};
+ num_protected += delta;
+ if (num_protected >= max_protect_by_network) {
+ break;
+ }
+ n.count -= delta;
+ }
+ }
+ if (!protected_at_least_one) {
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ // Calculate how many we removed, and update our total number of peers that
+ // we want to protect based on uptime accordingly.
+ assert(num_protected == initial_size - eviction_candidates.size());
+ const size_t remaining_to_protect{total_protect_size - num_protected};
+ EraseLastKElements(eviction_candidates, ReverseCompareNodeTimeConnected, remaining_to_protect);
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]] std::optional<NodeId> SelectNodeToEvict(std::vector<NodeEvictionCandidate>&& vEvictionCandidates)
+{
+ // Protect connections with certain characteristics
+
+ ProtectNoBanConnections(vEvictionCandidates);
+
+ ProtectOutboundConnections(vEvictionCandidates);
+
+ // Deterministically select 4 peers to protect by netgroup.
+ // An attacker cannot predict which netgroups will be protected
+ EraseLastKElements(vEvictionCandidates, CompareNetGroupKeyed, 4);
+ // Protect the 8 nodes with the lowest minimum ping time.
+ // An attacker cannot manipulate this metric without physically moving nodes closer to the target.
+ EraseLastKElements(vEvictionCandidates, ReverseCompareNodeMinPingTime, 8);
+ // Protect 4 nodes that most recently sent us novel transactions accepted into our mempool.
+ // An attacker cannot manipulate this metric without performing useful work.
+ EraseLastKElements(vEvictionCandidates, CompareNodeTXTime, 4);
+ // Protect up to 8 non-tx-relay peers that have sent us novel blocks.
+ EraseLastKElements(vEvictionCandidates, CompareNodeBlockRelayOnlyTime, 8,
+ [](const NodeEvictionCandidate& n) { return !n.m_relay_txs && n.fRelevantServices; });
+
+ // Protect 4 nodes that most recently sent us novel blocks.
+ // An attacker cannot manipulate this metric without performing useful work.
+ EraseLastKElements(vEvictionCandidates, CompareNodeBlockTime, 4);
+
+ // Protect some of the remaining eviction candidates by ratios of desirable
+ // or disadvantaged characteristics.
+ ProtectEvictionCandidatesByRatio(vEvictionCandidates);
+
+ if (vEvictionCandidates.empty()) return std::nullopt;
+
+ // If any remaining peers are preferred for eviction consider only them.
+ // This happens after the other preferences since if a peer is really the best by other criteria (esp relaying blocks)
+ // then we probably don't want to evict it no matter what.
+ if (std::any_of(vEvictionCandidates.begin(),vEvictionCandidates.end(),[](NodeEvictionCandidate const &n){return n.prefer_evict;})) {
+ vEvictionCandidates.erase(std::remove_if(vEvictionCandidates.begin(),vEvictionCandidates.end(),
+ [](NodeEvictionCandidate const &n){return !n.prefer_evict;}),vEvictionCandidates.end());
+ }
+
+ // Identify the network group with the most connections and youngest member.
+ // (vEvictionCandidates is already sorted by reverse connect time)
+ uint64_t naMostConnections;
+ unsigned int nMostConnections = 0;
+ std::chrono::seconds nMostConnectionsTime{0};
+ std::map<uint64_t, std::vector<NodeEvictionCandidate> > mapNetGroupNodes;
+ for (const NodeEvictionCandidate &node : vEvictionCandidates) {
+ std::vector<NodeEvictionCandidate> &group = mapNetGroupNodes[node.nKeyedNetGroup];
+ group.push_back(node);
+ const auto grouptime{group[0].m_connected};
+
+ if (group.size() > nMostConnections || (group.size() == nMostConnections && grouptime > nMostConnectionsTime)) {
+ nMostConnections = group.size();
+ nMostConnectionsTime = grouptime;
+ naMostConnections = node.nKeyedNetGroup;
+ }
+ }
+
+ // Reduce to the network group with the most connections
+ vEvictionCandidates = std::move(mapNetGroupNodes[naMostConnections]);
+
+ // Disconnect from the network group with the most connections
+ return vEvictionCandidates.front().id;
+}